Rocket Forces location of units. Strategic Missile Forces

The second half of the 20th century was marked as the “era of rockets.” Today, with their help, astronauts are delivered into orbit, space satellites are launched, and distant planets are studied. Another area wide application rocket technology became a military matter. After invention nuclear weapons missiles are considered the most powerful instrument of war, capable of destroying several cities and millions of people at once. Since the use of such weapons leaves no winner, the world's largest players took advantage of this. They use rocket technology as effective means for nuclear deterrence. Russia is considered one of the countries with a powerful nuclear arsenal. His triad consists of strategic purposes.

Today, several divisions of the Strategic Missile Forces are deployed on Russian territory, one of which is based in the city of Novosibirsk. Information about her combat strength and weapons are presented in the article.

Acquaintance

The Strategic Missile Forces is one of the branches of the Armed Forces. Formed in 1959 by order of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Today, the Strategic Missile Forces are a separate branch of the Russian Armed Forces and the main component of its strategic nuclear forces. Reports directly to the General Staff of the Armed Forces. In 1960, the composition of this type of troops was represented by ten missile divisions. The western parts became their bases Soviet Union And Far East. Currently, the Strategic Missile Forces army consists of 13 missile divisions.

1st Reserve Artillery Unit

According to historians, one of the very first formations that received the Katyusha during the Great Patriotic War and participated in Battle of Stalingrad, became the 39th Guards Rocket Division. It was created in 1942 as the 1st Guards Artillery Reserve Division. In 1960, the formation was reorganized into the 39th Missile Division of the Order of Lenin, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky. The formation received the 33rd Missile Army.

About the location of the unit

Location for deployment military unit became the village of Kalininka in Novosibirsk region. Since the Strategic Missile Forces were armed with solid fuel and environmentally friendly dangerous missiles second generation, then, according to experts, the great distance from the city became an ideal place for the deployment of this unit (military unit 34148).

In 2008 it was produced military reform. The location of the unit was the village of Pashino. This settlement is located near the city of Novosibirsk. There are 5 thousand people on duty. The command is exercised by Major General P.N. Burkov.

About the combat personnel

The structure of the military unit of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk) is represented by the following sectors:

6th site, which is the technical base for military unit 96777, a helicopter squadron (military unit 40260) and military units 40260-B and L.
10th site (303rd communications center (military unit 34148-S), 1756th separate engineer battalion (military unit 34485), military unit 34148-G and B).
12th site (357th missile regiment, military unit 54097).
13th and 21st sites. The distance between them is no more than a thousand meters. Used for the deployment of the 428th Guards (military unit 73727) and 382nd (military unit 44238) missile regiments.
22nd site. It is the 1319th mobile command post (military unit 34148).

The 10th site is used as the headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk). 34148 is a military training unit. Recruits stay there before taking the oath. The 13th and 21st are long-range, since their distance from the headquarters is 40 thousand meters. Military unit 34148 has the shape of a square with an area of 120x120 km.

About purpose

The Strategic Missile Forces located in Novosibirsk, like other missile divisions, are in a state of constant combat readiness and primarily perform a defensive function. In addition, troops can launch massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes in one or several directions at once against strategically important targets that make up the enemy’s military and military-economic potential. The armament of the Strategic Missile Forces (Novosibirsk) is represented by Russian ground-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. They may be provided with both mobile and silo-based deployment, and the mandatory presence of nuclear warheads.

About PU "Pioneer"

In 1973, design work began on the creation of a solid fuel complex with a rocket medium range. In 1976, the launcher was ready. In the documentation it is listed as the RSD-10 Pioneer launcher.

In 1985, in Novosibirsk, the Strategic Missile Forces were equipped with 45 launchers. The complex was in operation until 1991. According to the terms of the treaty on the elimination of medium- and short range signed in 1986 by Soviet and American representatives, part of the Pioneers was destroyed in the Chita region.

"Poplar"

In 1975, employees of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering carried out work to create the RT-2PM Topol ground-based strategic missile system. The rocket was tested in 1982. The complex was fully ready for operation in 1987. In December 1988, it was adopted by the Soviet Strategic Missile Forces. Total quantity complexes at that time did not exceed 72 units. By 1993, the number of Topols was increased to 369. According to military experts, the number of RT-2PMs accounts for almost 50% of all Russian strategic nuclear weapons. The Strategic Missile Forces in Novosibirsk is considered one of the first missile divisions to receive this complex. In 1995, their number in the 39-missile division was 45 units. On the territory of military unit 34148, the distance between the deployed complexes varied between 20-50 thousand meters. The Topol launcher could be mounted on the MAZ-7912 seven-axle chassis. This had a positive effect on the possibility of rapid mass deployment of complexes, which ensured the survivability of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces during an enemy nuclear attack.

If in Soviet era the main emphasis was on powerful protection against mine-based complexes dispersed across large area, then in the 90s security was provided by mobile installations. Unlike silo-based missile systems, the enemy could not target mobile deployment sites. Military experts assumed that if the enemy carried out a surprise nuclear strike, then, due to the presence of mobile Topols, Russia would be able to retain 60% of its nuclear potential and launch a retaliatory strike.

RS-24 "Yars"

After the signing of the Soviet-American treaty, Topol was modernized. The work was carried out by employees of the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering. The leadership was headed by Academician Yu. S. Solomonov. As a result, in 2009, the strike group of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces was replenished with a new complex, which is listed as the RS-24 Yars.

A mobile and silo-based solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile is provided for it. In 2012, the Russian Ministry of Defense decided to re-equip silo-based missile formations in Novosibirsk and Kozelsk with the RS-24. Work continued throughout 2013.

About the combat capabilities of the RS-24

In October 2013, 8 Yars were delivered to Novosibirsk. The RS-24, according to military experts, is today the most modern missile system. The transition to “Yarsy” is gradually taking place in many divisions of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces. A missile fired from the RS-24 is capable of covering 11 thousand km and bypassing any means in the world. During the detonation of one rocket, 4 explosions occur. To date, most information about tactical and technical characteristics RS-24 is classified. It is known that main feature"Yarsov" is highly mobile. The missile is equipped with a multiple warhead. The warhead itself is equipped with four nuclear warheads, with a capacity of 300 kilotons. In 2013, the media reported the arrival of 8 mobile missile systems in Novosibirsk. Before this event, 200 contract officers completed a retraining course at a special training center in Arkhangelsk.

About the stages of training

Retraining begins with mastering the theory of the design of a missile system. At this stage, training takes place on the basis of a military unit. Next, the military personnel are sent to a special training center, based at the Plesetsk cosmodrome. According to the press service of the Ministry of Defense, retraining in the missile regiments is being completed. The third stage is considered practical. It is intended for military personnel who have received clearance to perform combat duty and operate a missile launcher.

About combat duty

Three people are on duty: the driver, the operator and the commander. Their task is to bring the rocket launcher to full combat readiness and deliver to the previously designated square. The second stage is the delivery of a nuclear strike with warheads already aimed at the target. To do this, just press a special button. Because rocket launcher It is a large-sized piece of equipment; as it moves into the square, the military has to block the routes, which causes discontent among the local civilian population.

In conclusion

As experts from the missile unit assure, the presence of nuclear warheads poses absolutely no threat to Siberians. Detonation of "Yars" is reduced to a minimum. Local residents understand that the RS-24 was created for their safety, and have become accustomed to spending their days near nuclear weapons.

Rocket Forces strategic purpose(Strategic Missile Forces) - the land component of Russia's nuclear triad.

Troops of constant combat readiness. The Strategic Missile Forces are armed with mobile and stationary intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads. The Strategic Missile Forces are an important element of Russia's national defense doctrine.
Story
Formed on December 17, 1959 as an independent branch of the Armed Forces. The continuous increase in the quantity and quality characteristics of missile systems in service contributed to the establishment of nuclear parity between the USSR and the USA in the 70s of the 20th century.

The signing in 1987 of the Treaty between the USSR and the USA on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range Missiles (INF), and then the Treaties on the Limitation and Reduction of Strategic Offensive Arms START-1 (1991) and START-2 (1993) led to a significant reduction the strength of the Strategic Missile Forces, the removal from combat duty and the elimination of missiles with multiple warheads - their main striking force. On June 1, 2001, the Space Forces were separated from the Strategic Missile Forces into a separate branch of the military.

Currently, the development strategy of the Strategic Missile Forces provides for an increase in the share of mobile missile systems among them and the introduction into service Topol-M complexes, capable of overcoming modern and promising missile defense systems.
Compound
Now the Strategic Missile Forces include the command of the Strategic Missile Forces, three missile armies, which organizationally include missile divisions. In addition, the Missile Forces include: the State Central Interspecific Test Site (Kapustin Yar), a Test Site (in Kazakhstan), a Separate Scientific Testing Station in Kamchatka, the 4th Central Research Institute and four educational institutions ( Military Academy named after Peter the Great in Moscow, military institutes in the cities of Serpukhov, Rostov-on-Don and Stavropol). The Strategic Missile Forces also includes arsenals and central repair plants, a weapons storage base and military equipment. The number of troops today with civilian personnel is about 120 thousand people, two thirds of whom are military personnel.

As of October 2005, Russia had 545 ground-based strategic missiles and 1955 nuclear warheads on them (85 R-36MUTTH and R-36M2 Voevoda, 129 UR-100NUTTH (SS-19 Stiletto), 291 “old”, seven-axle mobile soil complex RT-2PM "Topol" (SS-25 Sickle) and 40 mine RT-2PMU "Topol-M" (SS-27).
Rocket armies and their divisions
27th Guards RA (Vladimir) 7th Guards RD (Ozerny / Vypolzovo, Bologoe-4)
14th rd (Yoshkar-Ola)
28th Guards RD (Kozelsk)
54th Guards RD (Krasnye Sosenki / Teykovo)
60th rd (Svetly / Tatishchevo-5)

31st RA (Rostoshi, Orenburg) 8th rd (Pervomaisky / Yurya-2)
13th rd (Yasny / Dombarovsky)
42nd rd (Verkhnyaya Salda, Nizhny Tagil-41, Svobodny)

33rd Guards RA (Omsk) 23rd Guards RD (Kansk-15)
35th rd (Sibirsky / Barnaul)
39th Guards Road (Gvardeysky / Novosibirsk-95)
29th Guards RD (Green/Irkutsk)
62nd rd (Solnechny / Uzhur-4)

The 53rd RA in Chita was disbanded at the end of 2002. A few years later the 31st RA in Orenburg will be disbanded.
Polygons
Test site Kapustin Yar
Kura training ground (Kamchatka)

Status and prospects

At the beginning of 2006, a number of multidirectional trends were observed in Russia's missile arsenal. Write-off rates Russian missiles significantly exceed the pace of purchases, which allowed some experts to predict a reduction in the Strategic Missile Forces arsenal to 150 combat-ready missiles by 2010. In addition, a number of factors potentially reduce the combat effectiveness of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Russian nuclear triad as a whole, including: the expiration of the established service life of 80 percent of intercontinental ballistic missiles
reduction of R-36M2 Voevoda missiles
complete decommissioning and destruction of most nuclear railway missile systems (BZHRK)
arrangement of Russian Air Force long-range bombers at two bases, with warheads separately stored
reduced mobility of the Russian nuclear submarine fleet, which conducts about two launches per year
obsolete satellite and ground-based missile attack warning system, partial lack of coverage in the Atlantic, and most of Pacific Ocean, increasing the mobility requirements of the triad

According to some experts, Russia may lose its nuclear deterrent capability, which is based on the ability to inflict irreparable damage to an enemy in response to a nuclear attack. ,
See also
Armed forces Russian Federation
Space Force
Air defense troops
Nuclear parity
Commanders-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces

Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN), a branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the main component of its strategic nuclear forces.

Designed for nuclear deterrence of possible aggression and destruction as part of strategic nuclear forces or by independent massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes of strategic targets located in one or several strategic aerospace directions and forming the basis of the enemy’s military and military-economic potentials.

The origin of the Strategic Missile Forces is associated with the development of domestic and foreign missile weapons, then nuclear missile weapons, with their improvement combat use. In the history of RV:

1946 - 1959 - creation of nuclear weapons and the first samples of guided ballistic missiles, deployment of missile formations capable of solving operational tasks in front-line operations and strategic tasks in nearby theaters of military operations.

1959 - 1965 - formation of the Strategic Missile Forces, deployment and putting on combat duty missile formations and units of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and medium-range missiles (RSMs), capable of solving strategic problems in military-geographical areas and in any theaters of military operations. In 1962, the Strategic Missile Forces took part in Operation Anadyr, during which 42 R-12 and R-14 RSDs were secretly deployed in Cuba, and made a significant contribution to resolving the Cuban Missile Crisis and preventing the American invasion of Cuba.

1965 - 1973 - deployment of a group of intercontinental ballistic missiles with single launches (OS) of the 2nd generation, equipped with monoblock warheads (WM), turning the Strategic Missile Forces into the main one component strategic nuclear forces, which made a major contribution to achieving military-strategic balance (parity) between the USSR and the USA.

1973 - 1985 - equipping the Strategic Missile Forces with 3rd generation intercontinental ballistic missiles with multiple warheads and means of overcoming missile defense probable enemy and mobile long-range missile systems.

1985 - 1992 - arming the Strategic Missile Forces with intercontinental stationary and mobile missile systems of the 4th generation, liquidation in 1988 -1991. medium range missiles.

Since 1992 - the formation of the Strategic Missile Forces of the RF Armed Forces, the elimination of missile systems of intercontinental ballistic missiles on the territory of Ukraine and Kazakhstan and the withdrawal of mobile Topol ballistic missile systems from Belarus to Russia, the re-equipment of obsolete types of missile systems on ballistic missile systems with unified monoblock missiles of stationary and mobile bases "Topol" -M” 5th generation.

The material basis for the creation of the Strategic Missile Forces was the deployment in the USSR new industry defense industry - rocketry. In accordance with the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated May 13, 1946 No. 1017-419 “Issues of rocket weapons,” cooperation between the leading ministries of industry was determined, research and development began experimental work, a Special Committee on Jet Technology was created under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

The Ministry of the Armed Forces has formed: a special artillery unit for the development, preparation and launch of V-2 type missiles, the Research Jet Institute of the Main Artillery Directorate, the State Central Range of Jet Technology (Kapustin Yar range), and the Directorate of Jet Weapons within the GAU. The first missile formation armed with long-range ballistic missiles was the special purpose brigade of the RVGK (commander - Major General of Artillery A.F. Tveretsky). In December 1950, the second special purpose brigade was formed, in 1951 - 1955. - 5 more formations that received a new name (since 1953) - engineering brigades of the RVGK. Until 1955, they were armed with ballistic missiles R-1, R-2, with a range of 270 km and 600 km, equipped with a warhead with conventional explosives (general designer S.P. Korolev). By 1958, brigade personnel conducted more than 150 combat training missile launches. In 1946 - 1954, the brigades were part of the artillery of the RVGK and were subordinate to the artillery commander Soviet Army. They were managed by a special department of the artillery headquarters of the Soviet Army. In March 1955, the position of Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR for special weapons and rocket technology was introduced (Marshal of Artillery M.I. Nedelin), under which the headquarters of the rocket units was created.

The combat use of engineering brigades was determined by the order of the Supreme High Command, the decision of which provided for the assignment of these formations to the fronts. The front commander led the engineering brigades through the artillery commander.

On October 4, 1957, from the Baikonur test site, the personnel of a separate engineering test unit carried out a successful launch of the first artificial Earth satellite using the R-7 combat rocket for the first time in world history. Thanks to the efforts Soviet rocket scientists A new era in the history of mankind began - the era of practical astronautics.

In the 2nd half of the 50s. The strategic RSD R-5 and R-12 equipped with nuclear warheads (general designers S.P. Korolev and M.K. Yangel) with a range of 1200 and 2000 km and ICBMs R-7 and R-7A were adopted into service with formations and units. (general designer S.P. Korolev). In 1958, the engineering brigades of the RVGK, armed with operational-tactical missiles R-11 and R-11M, were transferred to Ground Forces. The first ICBM formation was the facility with the code name "Angara" (commander - Colonel M.G. Grigoriev), which completed its formation at the end of 1958. In July 1959, the personnel of this formation carried out the first combat training launch of ICBMs in the USSR.

The need for centralized leadership of troops equipped strategic missiles, determined the organizational design of a new type of aircraft. In accordance with Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1384-615 dated December 17, 1959, the Strategic Missile Forces were created as independent species Sun. According to Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1239 of December 10, 1995, this day is celebrated as an annual holiday - Strategic Missile Forces Day.

On 12/31/1959 the following were formed: the Main Headquarters of the Missile Forces, Central command post with a communications center and a computer center, the Main Directorate of Missile Weapons, the Combat Training Directorate, and a number of other departments and services. The Strategic Missile Forces included the 12th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, which was in charge of nuclear weapons, engineering formations previously subordinate to the Deputy Minister of Defense for Special Weapons and Jet Technology, missile regiments and directorates of 3 Air Force air divisions, missile arsenals, bases and warehouses special weapons. The Strategic Missile Forces also included the 4th State Central Training Ground of the Moscow Region (Kapustin Yar); 5th Research Test Site of the Ministry of Defense (Baikonur); separate scientific testing station in the village. Keys in Kamchatka; 4th Research Institute of Moscow Region (Bolshevo, Moscow region). In 1963, on the basis of the Angara facility, the 53rd Scientific Research Test Site for Missile and Space Weapons of the Ministry of Defense (Plesetsk) was formed.

On June 22, 1960, the Military Council of the Strategic Missile Forces was created, which included M.I. Nedelin (chairman), V.A. Bolyatko, P.I. Efimov, M.A. Nikolsky, A.I. Semenov, V.F. Tolubko, F.P. Tonkikh, M.I. Ponomarev.

In 1960, the Regulations on combat duty of units and subunits of the Strategic Missile Forces were put into effect. In order to centralize the combat control of the Missile Forces with strategic weapons, control bodies and points at the strategic, operational and tactical levels were included in the structure of the Strategic Missile Forces control system, and automated systems communications and control of troops and combat assets.

In 1960 - 1961 based on air armies long-range aviation Missile armies were formed, which included RSD formations. The engineering brigades and regiments of the RVGK were reorganized into missile divisions and RSD missile brigades, and the directorates of artillery training ranges and ICBM brigades were reorganized into the directorates of missile corps and divisions. The main combat unit in an RSD formation was a missile division, and in an ICBM formation - a missile regiment. Until 1966, the intercontinental ballistic missile systems R-16 and R-9A were put into service (general designers M.K. Yangel and S.P. Korolev). In the RSD troops, subunits and units were formed armed with the R-12U, R-14U ballistic missile launchers with cluster silo launchers (general designer M.K. Yangel). The first missile formations and units were staffed mainly by officers from the artillery, navy, air force and ground forces. Their retraining for missile specialties was carried out at training centers at test sites, at industrial enterprises and at courses at military educational institutions, and subsequently by instructor groups in units.

During the Caribbean crisis, in the 60s, the then leader of the country N.S. Khrushchev demanded that the US President remove him from combat duty American missiles in Turkey and Italy with nuclear charges, which represented real threat for the USSR, and threatened otherwise to target the United States with our medium-sized missiles deployed in Cuba.

The delivery of the missile division to the island was planned by 35 ships. This was the largest of the Soviet secret operations. It went down in history under the name "Anadyr". Only 15 Cubans were privy to this plan, and our intelligence confused the American side in literally everything. Even the name “Anadyr” was more likely associated with Chukotka or Alaska, and least of all with Cuba.

When American intelligence officers discovered our first missile in Cuba, panic began in the United States. Never before has the world been so close to universal nuclear war, like in 1962. But US President John Kennedy remained reasonable and compromised. And the parties agreed: we removed the missiles from Cuba, and the Americans removed the missiles in Italy and Turkey from combat duty.

In 1965 - 1973 The Strategic Missile Forces are equipped with ballistic missile systems OS RS-10, RS-12, R-36, dispersed over a large area (general designers M.K. Yangel, V.N. Chelomey). In 1970, in order to improve troop leadership and increase the reliability of combat control, missile army directorates were created on the basis of the missile corps directorates. Formations and units with single silo launchers were capable of delivering a guaranteed retaliatory strike in any conditions at the start of the war. DBK 2nd generation provided remote launch of missiles in as soon as possible, high accuracy of hitting the target and survivability of troops and weapons, improvement of operating conditions for missile weapons.

In 1973 - 1985 The Strategic Missile Forces adopted the stationary DBK RS-16, RS-20A, RS-20B and RS-18 (general designers V.F. Utkin and V.N. Chelomey) and the mobile ground DBK RSD-10 (“Pioneer”) (general designer A.D. Nadiradze), equipped with multiple warheads for individual guidance. The missiles and control points of stationary ballistic missile systems were located in especially highly secure structures. The missiles use autonomous control systems from an on-board computer, which provide remote re-aiming of missiles before launch.

In 1985 - 1992 The Strategic Missile Forces were armed with missile launchers with RS-22 silo- and railway-based missiles (general designer V.F. Utkin) and modernized RS-20V silo-based and RS-12M ground-based missiles (general designers V.F. Utkin and A.D. Nadiradze). These complexes have increased combat readiness, high survivability and resistance to damaging factors nuclear explosion, operational re-aiming and increased autonomy.

Quantitative and high-quality composition carriers of nuclear weapons and warheads of the Strategic Missile Forces, as well as other components of strategic nuclear forces, have been limited since 1972 by the maximum levels established by the Treaties between the USSR (Russia) and the USA. In accordance with the Treaty between the USSR and the USA on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (1987), RSDs and launchers for them were destroyed, including 72 RSD-10 (“Pioneer”) missiles - by launching from field combat launch positions in districts Chita and Kansk.

In 1997, the Strategic Missile Forces, the Military Space Forces, the missile and space defense forces of the Air Defense Forces of the RF Armed Forces were united into a single branch of the RF Armed Forces - the Strategic Missile Forces. Since June 2001, the Strategic Missile Forces have been transformed into 2 types of troops - Strategic Missile Forces and Space Forces.

Priority directions further development The Strategic Missile Forces are: maintaining the combat readiness of the existing group of troops, maximizing the extension of the operational life of missile systems, completing the development and deployment at the required pace of modern stationary and mobile-based Topol-M missile systems, developing a system of combat command and control of troops and weapons, creating a scientific and technical basis on promising models of weapons and equipment of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Modern Strategic Missile Forces are the main component of all our strategic nuclear forces. They have special meaning for the security of the country. The Strategic Missile Forces account for 60 percent of the warheads. They are responsible for 90 percent of nuclear deterrence tasks.

Missile systems of the Strategic Missile Forces

As of July 2004, the Strategic Missile Forces were armed with 608 missile systems of five various types, which were capable of carrying 2365 nuclear warheads:

Rocket development R-36MUTTH(also known as RS-20B And SS-18) And R-36M2 (RS-20V, SS-18) was carried out by Yuzhnoye Design Bureau (Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine). The deployment of R-36MUTTH missiles was carried out in 1979-1983, and the R-36M2 missiles in 1988-1992. The R-36MUTTH and R-36M2 missiles are two-stage liquid-fueled and can carry 10 warheads (there is also a monoblock version of the missile). The production of missiles was carried out by the Southern Machine-Building Plant (Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine). The development plans of the Strategic Missile Forces provide for the preservation of all R-36M2 missiles (about 50 missiles) on combat duty. Subject to the planned extension of service life to 25-30 years, the R-36M2 missiles will be able to remain on combat duty until approximately 2020. The R-36MUTTH missiles are planned to be withdrawn from service by 2008.

Rockets UR-100NUTTKH (SS-19) were developed by NPO Mashinostroeniya (Reutov, Moscow region). The missiles were deployed in 1979-1984. The UR-100NUTTH missile is a two-stage liquid-fueled missile that carries 6 warheads. The production of rockets was carried out by the plant named after. M. V. Khrunicheva (Moscow). To date, some of the UR-100NUTTH missiles have been withdrawn from service. At the same time, based on test launch results, the missile's lifespan appears to have been extended to at least 25 years, meaning these missiles could be stored for several years. In addition, Russia purchased 30 UR-100NUTTH missiles from Ukraine, which were in storage. Once deployed, these missiles are planned to remain in service until approximately 2030.

Rockets RT-23UTTH (SS-24) were developed at the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau (Dnepropetrovsk). Versions of the rocket were created for the silo-based complex and the railway-based complex. The deployment of the railway version of the complex was carried out in 1987-1991, the mine version in 1988-1989. The RT-23UTTH three-stage solid-fuel missile carries 10 warheads. The missiles were produced by the Pavlograd Machine-Building Plant (Ukraine). By now the process is underway removal of RT-23UTTH missiles from service - all silo-based complexes have been eliminated and in 2005 it is planned to eliminate the last railway complexes.

Ground-based missile systems "Topol" (SS-25) were developed at the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering. The missiles were deployed in 1985-1992. The Topol complex missile is a three-stage solid-fuel missile that carries one warhead. The production of missiles was carried out by the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant. To date, the process of removing the Topol complexes from service has begun due to the expiration of the missiles’ service life.

Missile complex "Topol-M" (SS-27) developed at the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering. The complex is being created in a mine-based version and in a ground mobile version. The deployment of the mine version of the complex began in 1997. Tests of the mobile version of the complex were completed in December 2004. The deployment of mobile complexes is planned to begin in 2006. From three to nine complexes will be put into operation annually. The Topol-M missile is a three-stage solid-fuel missile, created in a monoblock version. The production of missiles is carried out by the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant.

Structure of the Strategic Missile Forces

The Strategic Missile Forces include three missile armies: the 27th Guards Missile Army (headquarters located in Vladimir), the 31st Missile Army (Orenburg), and the 33rd Guards Missile Army (Omsk). The 53rd Missile Army (Chita) was disbanded at the end of 2002. It is also planned that over the next few years the 31st Missile Army (Orenburg) will be disbanded.

Magnitogorsk medical college named after P.F. Nadezhdina.

Abstract

in disaster medicine and life safety.

Subject:

"Strategic Missile Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"

Checked by: Burdina I.P.

Completed by: Murzabaeva Zh.

Magnitogorsk 2010.

Introduction........................................................ ........................................................ ...............2page

Emblems........................................................ ........................................................ ...............4pp.

Historical background........................................................ ...........................................5pp.

Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces.................................11p.

Structure of the missile forces................................................................... ....................................13pp.

Armament of missile forces................................................................... ...................................16pp.

Missions of the missile forces................................................................... ...........................................18pp.

Literature................................................. ........................................................ ...........page 19

INTRODUCTION

The Armed Forces are an integral attribute of statehood. They are a state military organization that forms the basis of the country's defense, and are designed to repel aggression and defeat the aggressor, as well as to carry out tasks in accordance with international obligations Russia.

The Armed Forces of Russia were created by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on May 7, 1992. They form the basis of the state's defense.

In addition, the following are involved in defense:

· Border Russian troops,

· Internal troops Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,

· Railway troops of the Russian Federation,

· Troops Federal agency government communications and information President of the Russian Federation,

· Civil Defense Troops.

Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN) - branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the main component of its strategic nuclear forces. Designed for nuclear deterrence of possible aggression and destruction as part of strategic nuclear forces or by independent massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes of strategic targets located in one or several strategic aerospace directions and forming the basis of the enemy’s military and military-economic potential.

Modern Strategic Missile Forces are the main component of all our strategic nuclear forces.

The Strategic Missile Forces account for 60% of warheads. They are responsible for 90% of nuclear deterrence tasks.

EMBLEMS:

Rocket Forces sleeve patch

Emblem missile troops

Control missile troops And artillery of the Armed Forces

Historical background

The origin of the Strategic Missile Forces is associated with the development of domestic and foreign missile weapons, then nuclear missile weapons, and the improvement of their combat use. In the history of the Missile Forces:

1959 - 1965 - formation of the Strategic Missile Forces, deployment and putting on combat duty missile formations and units of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and medium-range missiles (RSMs), capable of solving strategic problems in military-geographical areas and in any theaters of military operations. In 1962, the Strategic Missile Forces took part in Operation Anadyr, during which 42 R-12 RSDs were secretly deployed in Cuba, and made a significant contribution to resolving the Cuban Missile Crisis and preventing the American invasion of Cuba.

1965 - 1973 - deployment of a group of intercontinental ballistic missiles with single launches (OS) of the 2nd generation, equipped with monoblock warheads (MC), the transformation of the Strategic Missile Forces into the main component of the strategic nuclear forces, which made a major contribution to the achievement of military-strategic balance (parity) between the USSR and USA.

1973 - 1985 - equipping the Strategic Missile Forces with 3rd generation intercontinental ballistic missiles with multiple warheads and means of overcoming the missile defense of a potential enemy and mobile missile systems (MS) with RSD.

1985 - 1992 - arming the Strategic Missile Forces with intercontinental stationary and mobile missile systems of the 4th generation, liquidation in 1988 -1991. medium range missiles.

Since 1992 - the formation of the Strategic Missile Forces of the RF Armed Forces, the elimination of missile systems of intercontinental ballistic missiles on the territory of Ukraine and Kazakhstan and the withdrawal of mobile Topol missile systems from Belarus to Russia, the re-equipment of obsolete types of missile systems in the Republic of Kazakhstan with unified monoblock ICBMs of stationary and mobile based RS- 12M2 5th generation (RK “Topol-M”).

The material basis for the creation of the Strategic Missile Forces was the deployment in the USSR of a new branch of the defense industry - rocketry. In accordance with the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated May 13, 1946 No. 1017-419 “Issues of jet weapons,” cooperation between the main ministries of industry was determined, research and experimental work began, and a Special Committee on Jet Technology was created under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

The Ministry of the Armed Forces has formed: a special artillery unit for the development, preparation and launch of V-2 missiles, the Research Jet Institute of the Main Artillery Directorate (GAU), the State Central Range of Jet Technology (Kapustin Yar range), the Directorate of Jet Weapons in composition of the State Agrarian University. The first missile formation armed with long-range ballistic missiles was the special purpose brigade of the Supreme High Command Reserve - RVGK armor (commander - Major General of Artillery A.F. Tveretsky). In December 1950, the second special purpose brigade was formed, in 1951 - 1955. - 5 more formations that received a new name (since 1953) - engineering brigades of the RVGK. Until 1955, they were armed with ballistic missiles R-1 and R-2, with a range of 270 and 600 km, equipped with warheads with conventional explosives (general designer S.P. Korolev). By 1958, brigade personnel conducted more than 150 combat training missile launches. In 1946 - 1954, the brigades were part of the artillery of the RVGK and were subordinate to the commander of the artillery of the Soviet Army. They were managed by a special department of the artillery headquarters of the Soviet Army. In March 1955, the position of Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR for special weapons and rocket technology was introduced (Marshal of Artillery M.I. Nedelin), under which the headquarters of the rocket units was created.

On October 4, 1957, from the Baikonur test site, for the first time in world history, the personnel of a separate engineering test unit carried out the successful launch of the first artificial Earth satellite using the R-7 combat rocket. Thanks to the efforts of Soviet rocket scientists, a new era in the history of mankind began - the era of practical astronautics.

In the second half of the 1950s. The strategic RSD R-5 and R-12 equipped with nuclear warheads (general designers S.P. Korolev and M.K. Yangel) with a range of 1200 and 2000 km and ICBM R-7 and R-7A (general designer S.P. Korolev). In 1958, the engineering brigades of the RVGK, armed with operational-tactical missiles R-11 and R-11M, were transferred to the Ground Forces. The first ICBM formation was the facility with the code name "Angara" (commander - Colonel M.G. Grigoriev), which completed its formation at the end of 1958. In July 1959, the personnel of this formation carried out the first combat training launch of ICBMs in the USSR.

The need for centralized leadership of troops equipped with strategic missiles determined the organizational design of a new type of armed forces. In accordance with Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1384-615 dated December 17, 1959, the Strategic Missile Forces were created as an independent type of armed forces. According to Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1239 of December 10, 1995, this day is celebrated as an annual holiday - Strategic Missile Forces Day.

On December 31, 1959, the following were formed: the Main Headquarters of the Missile Forces, the Central Command Post with a communications center and a computer center, the Main Directorate of Missile Weapons, the Combat Training Directorate, and a number of other departments and services. The Strategic Missile Forces included the 12th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, which was in charge of nuclear weapons, engineering formations previously subordinate to the Deputy Minister of Defense for Special Weapons and Jet Technology, missile regiments and directorates of three air divisions subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force, arsenals of missile weapons, bases and warehouses of special weapons. The Strategic Missile Forces also included the 4th State Central Training Ground of the Moscow Region (“Kapustin Yar”); 5th Scientific Research Test Site of the Ministry of Defense (Baikonur); separate scientific testing station in the village. Keys in Kamchatka; 4th Research Institute of the Moscow Region (Bolshevo, Moscow region). In 1963, on the basis of the Angara facility, the 53rd scientific research test site for missile and space weapons of the Ministry of Defense (Plesetsk) was formed.

In 1960, the Regulations on combat duty of units and subunits of the Strategic Missile Forces were put into effect. In order to centralize the combat control of the Missile Forces with strategic weapons, organs and control points at the strategic, operational and tactical levels were included in the structure of the command and control system, and automated systems for communication and control of troops and combat assets were introduced.

In 1960 - 1961 On the basis of two air armies of long-range aviation, two missile armies were formed (in the cities of Smolensk and Vinnitsa), which included RSD formations. The engineering brigades and regiments of the RVGK were reorganized into missile divisions and RSD missile brigades, and the directorates of artillery training ranges and ICBM brigades were reorganized into the directorates of missile corps and divisions. The main combat unit in an RSD formation was a missile division, and in an ICBM formation - a missile regiment. Until 1966, the R-16 and R-9A ICBMs were put into service (general designers M.K. Yangel and S.P. Korolev). In the RSD troops, subunits and units were formed armed with R-12U, R-14U missiles with group silo launchers (general designer M.K. Yangel). The first missile formations and units were staffed mainly by officers from the artillery and other branches of the Ground Forces, Air Force and Navy. Their retraining for missile specialties was carried out at training centers at test sites, at industrial enterprises and at courses at military educational institutions, and subsequently by instructor groups in military units.

In 1965 - 1973 The Strategic Missile Forces are equipped with missile launchers OS RS-10, RS-12, R-36, dispersed over a large area (general designers M.K. Yangel, V.N. Chelomey). In 1970, in order to improve troop leadership and increase the reliability of combat control, missile army directorates were created on the basis of the missile corps directorates. Formations and units with single silo launchers were capable of delivering a guaranteed retaliatory strike in any conditions at the start of the war. The 2nd generation missile launchers ensured remote launch of missiles in the shortest possible time, high accuracy of hitting the target and survivability of troops and weapons, and improved operating conditions for missile weapons.

In 1973 - 1985 The Strategic Missile Forces adopted the stationary missile launchers RS-16, RS-20A, RS-20B and RS-18 (general designers V.F. Utkin and V.N. Chelomey) and the mobile ground missile launcher RSD-10 (“Pioneer”) (general designer A.D. Nadiradze), equipped with multiple individually targeted warheads (MIRV IN). The missiles and control points of stationary ballistic missile systems were located in especially highly secure structures. The missiles use autonomous control systems from an on-board computer, which provide remote re-aiming of missiles before launch.

In 1985 - 1992 The Strategic Missile Forces were armed with the RK with silo- and railway-based RS-22 missiles (general designer V.F. Utkin) and modernized RS-20V silo-based and RS-12M ground-based missiles (general designers V.F. Utkin and A.D. Nadiradze). These complexes have increased combat readiness, high survivability and resistance to the damaging factors of a nuclear explosion, rapid retargeting and an extended period of autonomy.

The quantitative and qualitative composition of carriers and nuclear warheads of the Strategic Missile Forces, as well as other components of strategic nuclear forces, has been limited since 1972 by the maximum levels established by the Treaties between the USSR (Russia) and the USA. In accordance with the Treaty between the USSR and the USA on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (1987), RSDs and launchers for them were eliminated, including 72 RSD-10 (“Pioneer”) missiles - by launching from field combat launch positions in districts Chita and Kansk.

In 1997, the merger of the Strategic Missile Forces, the Military Space Forces, and the Rocket and Space Defense Forces took place. air defense The RF Armed Forces into a single branch of the RF Armed Forces - Strategic Missile Forces. Since June 2001, the Strategic Missile Forces have been transformed into two types of troops - the Strategic Missile Forces and the Space Forces.

The priority directions for the further development of the Strategic Missile Forces are: maintaining the combat readiness of the existing group of troops, maximizing the extension of the operational life of missile systems, completing the development and deployment at the required pace of modern stationary and mobile-based Topol-M missile systems, developing a system of combat command and control of troops and weapons, creating scientific and technical groundwork for promising models of weapons and equipment of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces

Standard of the Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces appointments

Lieutenant General Karakaev Sergei Viktorovich

Graduated from the Rostov Higher Military Academy in 1983 command engineering school, in 1994 - command faculty of the Military Academy. F.E. Dzerzhinsky, in 2004 – North-Western Academy of Public Administration (in absentia). In 2009 he graduated with honors from the Military Academy General Staff RF Armed Forces.

Consistently held all command and staff positions in the army, from group engineer to missile formation commander.

He headed the department in the Main Personnel Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. In 2006-2008 he commanded the Vladimir Missile Association.

In October 2009, he was appointed chief of staff - first deputy commander of the Strategic Missile Forces.

By decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 22, 2010, he was appointed commander of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Awarded the Order of Military Merit and 7 medals. Candidate of Military Sciences.

Married. Raises a son and daughter.

Structure of the Strategic Missile Forces

Strategic Missile Forces includes:

* three missile armies (headquarters are located in the cities of Vladimir, Orenburg and Omsk);

* State central interspecific training ground "Kapustin Yar", Astrakhan region);

* educational institution (Peter the Great Military Academy in Moscow with branches in the cities of Serpukhov, Rostov-on-Don);

* training centers, stationed in Pereslavl-Zalessky ( Yaroslavl region), Ostrov (Pskov region), a technician school at the Kapustin Yar training ground;

* arsenals and central repair plants.

Table: “Structure of the Strategic Missile Forces.”

Armament of the Strategic Missile Forces

Currently, the Strategic Missile Forces are armed with six types of fourth and fifth generation missile systems. Of these, four are silo-based with RS-18, RS-20V, RS-12M2 ICBMs and two are mobile ground-based with RS-12M, RS-12M2 ICBMs. Silo-based missile systems by number launchers make up 45% of the strike group of the Strategic Missile Forces, and in terms of the number of warheads - almost 85% of its nuclear potential.

The RS-18 ICBM is a two-stage liquid-propellant missile with a six-block MIRV, the maximum firing range is 10,000 km.

The RS-20V ICBM is a two-stage liquid-propellant missile with two options for completing combat equipment: a ten-block MIRV IN or a monoblock warhead (MGV) of increased power, the maximum firing range is 11,000 km for the configuration with the MIRV IN - 11,000 km, for the configuration with the MIRV - 15,000 km.

The RS-12M ICBM is a three-stage solid-propellant missile with an MGCh, the maximum firing range is 10,500 km.

The RS-12M2 ICBM is a three-stage solid-propellant missile with an MFC, the maximum firing range is 11,000 km.

TASKS OF THE ROCKET FORCES.

Both in peacetime and in wartime, these missile forces are decided in close cooperation with radio engineering, fighter aviation units, electronic warfare units, air defense forces and means of the Ground Forces and Navy following main tasks :

protection from air strikes of important military and economic facilities (areas), groupings of troops and naval forces;
conducting combat against enemy air reconnaissance and electronic warfare (EW) assets in flight;
destruction of enemy airborne (airborne) troops and airborne assault forces in flight;
V exceptional cases, for the destruction of ground (surface) targets.

IN peacetime RV, together with radio technical troops and fighter aviation, electronic warfare units, as well as air defense forces and means of other branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, are on combat duty to protect air borders Russian Federation.

Literature:

1. http://www.mil.ru/848

2. http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki

3. http://it-6.mgapi.ru

4. http://www.mil.ru

Magnitogorsk Medical College named after P.F. Nadezhdina.

Abstract

in disaster medicine and life safety.

Subject:

"Strategic Missile Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"

Checked by: Burdina I.P.

Completed by: Murzabaeva Zh.

Magnitogorsk 2010.

Introduction........................................................ ........................................................ ...............2page

Emblems........................................................ ........................................................ ...............4pp.

Historical background................................................... ........................................5pp.

Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces.................................11p.

Structure of the missile forces................................................................... ....................................13pp.

Armament of missile forces................................................................... ...................................16pp.

Missions of the missile forces................................................................... ...........................................18pp.

Literature................................................. ........................................................ ...........page 19

INTRODUCTION

The Armed Forces of Russia were created by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on May 7, 1992. They form the basis of the state's defense.

In addition, the following are involved in defense:

· Border troops of the Russian Federation,

· Internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,

· Railway troops of the Russian Federation,

· Troops of the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation,

· Civil Defense Troops.

Modern Strategic Missile Forces are the main component of all our strategic nuclear forces.

The Strategic Missile Forces account for 60% of warheads. They are responsible for 90% of nuclear deterrence tasks.

EMBLEMS:

Rocket Forces sleeve patch

Emblem missile troops

Control missile troops And artillery of the Armed Forces

Historical background

1959 - 1965 - formation of the Strategic Missile Forces, deployment and putting on combat duty missile formations and units of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and medium-range missiles (RSMs), capable of solving strategic problems in military-geographical areas and in any theaters of military operations. In 1962, the Strategic Missile Forces took part in Operation Anadyr, during which 42 R-12 RSDs were secretly deployed in Cuba, and made a significant contribution to resolving the Cuban Missile Crisis and preventing the American invasion of Cuba.

1985 - 1992 - arming the Strategic Missile Forces with intercontinental stationary and mobile missile systems of the 4th generation, liquidation in 1988 -1991. medium range missiles.

Since 1992 - the formation of the Strategic Missile Forces of the RF Armed Forces, the elimination of missile systems of intercontinental ballistic missiles on the territory of Ukraine and Kazakhstan and the withdrawal of mobile Topol missile systems from Belarus to Russia, the re-equipment of obsolete types of missile systems in the Republic of Kazakhstan with unified monoblock ICBMs of stationary and mobile based RS- 12M2 5th generation (RK “Topol-M”).