I will solve the exam in Russian language 11kl. Material for preparing for the Unified State Exam (GIA) in the Russian language (grade 11) on the topic: Teacher’s action plan for preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language

Good morning, dear colleagues! Today we are going to talk again about the “painful thing” - about the unified state exam in the Russian language. “Live and learn!” - this is all about us, teachers of the Russian language! As soon as we began to understand what is required of us at the Unified State Exam in general and how to teach children to solve such tasks, we must already get used to the fact that every year some changes are made to the Unified State Exam KIMs, which means that we will not have to be bored and need to study and study again. What to do? How to keep up with the times, take into account all the changes and not lose the most valuable thing when preparing for the exam - time? Today I would like to talk about the most simple things, with which you should begin preparing for the Unified State Exam, so that this process does not turn into some kind of incomprehensible activity, but becomes a system and brings its results.

I believe that first of all it is necessary to draw up a well-thought-out plan for our work and follow it step by step. Let me make a reservation right away that we all understand and know that we are not now in a completely enclosed space with complete absence information, as in the first years of the Unified State Exam, but on the contrary, there are now so many sources of information that the main thing, perhaps, is not to get lost in this maze, but to choose the most necessary for work efficiency and devote more time to the work itself on preparing for the Unified State Exam.

So, what should be taken into account when drawing up such a Plan?

2 years of study (grades 10 and 11): we begin preparation in 10th grade (the program allows us to do this and this is our advantage over other subjects) and be sure to take into account all the changes and continue preparation in 11th grade;
in-class and after-school activities;
hours of compulsory and variable parts of the school curriculum (in the 10th grade this could be one hour, and in the 11th grade another);
level of preparedness of students

What is the sequence of actions?

1) Getting to know official information

Official information portal unified state exam -ege edu

Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements-

Assignments for preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language with sample solutions (15 new options every month).
- FOUND A PROBLEM? LET'S TRAIN!
To create a specialized test, select the number of tasks from each section or use the preset options by clicking on the appropriate button.
-You can create an option from the number of tasks you need for certain sections of the problem catalog.

Educational website of the teacher of Russian language and literature Zakharyina Elena Alekseevna-saharina.ru

Open Unified State Exam task bank
(on the FIPI website)
Phonetics
Vocabulary and phraseology
Morphemics and word formation
Grammar. Morphology
Grammar. Syntax
Spelling
Punctuation
Speech
Language norms
Expressiveness of Russian speech
Information processing of texts of various styles and genres

There are many questions for the creators of such a task bank. For example: it is very inconvenient to work with and takes a lot of time; it would be better if it was structured according to the types of tasks, but nevertheless, you need to work with it. Now, for example, it already contains 98 different texts. Or maybe even more. All tasks with texts in the exam will be of 4 types - this is 1 task, a large text of about 450 words and questions about it (tasks 20-23), a review text (task 24) and task 25. All types of such texts are in the OBZ. Methodologists advise when working with text to always answer 3 basic questions:

What is the text about?

Correct interpretation of the text and choice of problem gives the child as many as 8 points! It is also necessary to teach children to read the entire text, and not pay attention to individual familiar words. That is, for example, to teach that the very first word “nature” does not lead them to the idea that they need to give arguments to the problem “nature.” The problem may turn out to be completely different.

For an extended analysis of the tasks of Part 1, you can use a very good collection of complex materialsDrabkina and Subbotinand similar books.

Helpful Tips:

Before the decision full options be sure to conduct a detailed analysis of each of the tasks, incl. and tasks 25 on assessment criteria.
Maintaining separate notebooks for solving tasks 1 and 2 of the Unified State Exam version
Recording part 1 answers in a table, analyzing the results every month for tracking typical mistakes
Familiarization with the criteria for assessing long-answer assignments at the beginning of the year and learning the ability to correctly structure an essay and track its results
Teach the student to count his points and evaluate the work of a classmate
Tracking changes in KIM Unified State Exam in 11th grade
Do not use for preparation Unified State Exam options tasks in an outdated form (relearning is more difficult than teaching again)

Well, in the end, let me tell you all:

I wish you dear colleagues,
kind, smart, patient, talented and understanding students!

With such we can overcome everything!
Let our efforts not be in vain, And…
God forbid that we should never read such posts on the Internet after finishing the Unified State Exam:

“It’s a good idea to get into a prestigious Maskovsky university.” Thank you for your attention!

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Single state exam in Russian On the issue of preparation for the Unified State Exam 2016

Teacher's action plan when preparing for the Unified State Exam

What you need to consider: 2 years of study (grades 10 and 11); in-class and after-school activities; hours of compulsory and variable parts of the school curriculum; level of preparedness of students

Sequence of teacher actions: Introduction to official information - Official information portal of the unified state exam - ege. edu. ru -Federal Institute pedagogical measurements - fipi.ru

Minimum number of points in the Russian language: to obtain a certificate - 24 points; for admission to a university - 36 points. For execution exam paper 3.5 hours (210 minutes) are allotted.

STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATION PAPER Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts and includes 25 tasks that differ in form and level of difficulty. Part 1 contains 24 short answer questions. The examination paper offers the following types of short-answer tasks: tasks open type to record a self-formulated correct answer; tasks for choosing and recording one correct answer from the proposed list of answers; multiple choice task from a list

The answer to the tasks of Part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers written without spaces, commas and other additional symbols. Part 2 contains 1 open-type task with a detailed answer (essay), testing the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

Video recommendations for the Unified State Exam 2016. RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Tsybulko Irina Petrovna - senior researcher at the Center for Philological Education of the federal state budgetary scientific institution "Institute of Education Development Strategy Russian Academy Education", leading researcher of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FIPI", Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences.

Information about planned changes in the KIM Unified State Exam 2016 Russian language - no significant changes. The selection of language material for completing tasks 7 and 8 has been expanded. The wording of task 25 has been clarified. The evaluation criteria for task 25 have been clarified. The maximum primary score has increased from 56 to 57.

Demonstration version of control measurement materials of the 2016 Unified State Exam in the Russian language

Codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates educational organizations for conducting the unified state exam in the Russian language: Section 1. List of content elements tested at the unified state exam in the Russian language Section 2. List of requirements for the level of training tested at the unified state exam in the Russian language

Specification of control measuring materials for the 2016 Unified State Exam in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: 1. Purpose of the Unified State Exam KIM 2. Documents defining the content of the Unified State Exam KIM 3. Approaches to the selection of content and development of the structure of the Unified State Exam KIM

4. Structure of the KIM Unified State Exam Part 1 - 24 tasks with a short answer - 33 points Part 2 - 1 task with a detailed answer - 24 points Total - 25 tasks - 57 points

5. Distribution of KIM Unified State Exam tasks by content and type of activity 6. Distribution of KIM Unified State Exam tasks by level of difficulty 7. Duration of the Unified State Exam in Russian 8. Additional materials and equipment Additional materials and equipment are not used

9. Evaluation system for individual tasks and the examination work as a whole. For correct completion of each task in Part 1 (except for tasks 1, 7, 15 and 24), the examinee receives 1 point. For an incorrect answer or lack thereof, 0 points are awarded. For completing tasks 1 and 15, 0 to 2 points can be awarded. An answer that contains all the numbers from the standard and no other numbers is considered correct. 1 point is given if: one of the numbers indicated in the answer does not correspond to the standard; one of the numbers specified in the answer standard is missing. In all other cases, 0 points are given. The order in which the numbers are written in the answer does not matter.

For completing task 7, you can score from 0 to 5 points. For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to a number from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (5 points: no errors; 4 points: 1 error made; 3 points: 2 errors made; 2 points: 2 digits indicated correctly; 1 point: correctly indicated only one digit; 0 points: completely incorrect answer, i.e. the order of numbers in the answer is incorrect.

For completing task 24, you can score from 0 to 4 points. An answer that contains all the numbers from the standard and no other numbers is considered correct. For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to the number of a term from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (4 points: no errors; 3 points: 1 error made; 2 points: 2 errors made; 1 point: only one digit is indicated correctly; 0 points: a completely incorrect answer, i.e. an incorrect sequence of numbers or its absence. The order in which the numbers are written in the answer matters.

Orthoepic dictionary -Emphasis in adjectives -Emphasis in verbs -Emphasis in some participles and gerunds -Nouns -Nouns -Adjectives -Verbs -Participles -Adverbs -Adverbs

I.P. Tsybulko, E.V. Buzina, I.P. Vasiliev, Yu.N. Gosteva, S.L. Ivanov METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS for teachers, prepared on the basis of an analysis of typical mistakes of participants in the Unified State Exam 2015 in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Drawing up a work program and calendar-thematic planning - each topic ends with a solution training tasks in Unified State Exam format - tests-in the Unified State Exam format -development lessons speeches - lessons on preparing for an essay in the Unified State Exam format

An example of calendar-thematic planning of Russian language lessons in 10th grade for one of the sections

Implementation of the work program Conducting workshops on filling out Unified State Exam forms Rehearsal exams Analysis of results Work on mistakes

What material can be used? “I will solve the Unified State Exam” - educational portal of Dmitry Gushchin - reshuege.ru

Assignments for preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language with sample solutions (15 new options every month). - DID YOU FIND A PROBLEM? LET'S TRAIN! To create a specialized test, select the number of tasks from each section or use the preset options by clicking on the appropriate button. -You can create an option from the number of tasks you need for certain sections of the problem catalog.

Educational website of the teacher of Russian language and literature Zakharyina Elena Alekseevna - saharina.ru

Open Unified State Exam task bank (on the FIPI website) Phonetics Vocabulary and phraseology Morphemics and word formation Grammar. Morphology Grammar. Syntax Spelling Punctuation Speech Language norms Expressiveness of Russian speech Information processing of texts of various styles and genres

Textbook "Unified State Exam. Russian language. A set of materials for preparing students." Drabkina S.V.

Helpful tips: Before solving the full options, be sure to conduct a detailed analysis of each of the tasks, incl. and tasks 25 according to evaluation criteria Maintaining separate notebooks for solving tasks 1 and 2 parts of the Unified State Examination Recording answers to part 1 in a table, analyzing the results every month to track typical errors Familiarity with the evaluation criteria for tasks with a detailed answer at the beginning of the year and learning the ability to construct an essay correctly and track its results Teach the student to count his points and evaluate the work of a classmate Track changes in the KIM Unified State Examination in 11th grade Do not use task variants in an outdated form to prepare for the Unified State Exam (relearning is more difficult than teaching again)

I wish you, dear colleagues, kind, smart, patient, talented and understanding students! With these guys we can overcome anything! Let our efforts not be in vain, and...

“E Ge pamaglo mine to fall into a prestigious Maskovsky university.”

The 2019 state final certification in the Russian language for graduates of the 9th grade of general education institutions is carried out to assess the level of general education training of graduates in this discipline. The main content elements tested during testing are:

Information processing of texts of various styles and genres. Text as a speech work. Semantic and compositional integrity of the text. Selection of linguistic means in the text depending on the topic, purpose, addressee and communication situation. Creation of texts of various styles and functional and semantic types of speech. Grammatical norms (morphological norms). Grammatical norms (syntactic norms). Lexical norms. Punctuation in simple and complex sentences. Spelling.
Text as a speech work. Semantic and compositional integrity of the text. Text analysis.
Expressive means of vocabulary and phraseology. Analysis of means of expression.
Spelling of prefixes. Continuous, hyphenated, separate spelling.
Spelling of suffixes of various parts of speech (except -Н-/-НН-). Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech. Spelling of personal endings of verbs and suffixes of present participles.
Vocabulary and phraseology. Synonyms. Phraseological phrases. Groups of words by origin and use.
Phrase.
Offer. The grammatical (predicative) basis of a sentence. Subject and predicate as the main parts of a sentence.
Complex simple sentence.
Punctuation analysis. Punctuation marks in sentences with words and constructions that are grammatically unrelated to the members of the sentence.
Parsing complex sentence.
Punctuation analysis. Punctuation marks in compound and complex sentences.
Complex sentences with different types connections between parts.

Date of passing the OGE in Russian language 2019:
May 28 (Tuesday).

There are no changes in the structure and content of the 2019 examination paper compared to 2018.

In this section you will find online tests which will help you prepare for the OGE (GIA) exam in the Russian language. We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that assignments from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, in this test Only the second part of the exam (13 tasks) is presented. According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CTMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CTMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CTMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in the Russian language contains three parts. The first part includes one task - a short written work based on the listened text. The second part consists of 13 short answer questions. To complete the third part, you must choose one of the three proposed tasks and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. In connection with that. that tasks from the first and third parts are checked manually by teachers and cannot be checked automatically, this test presents only the second part of the exam (13 tasks). According to the current exam structure, only a few of these items offer multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options for each task. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CTMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these options in order to bring the test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The text that will be required when completing the tasks will be indicated in each question for your convenience.
When completing tasks A1-A6, choose only one correct option.
When completing tasks B1-B14, several answer options are possible.

Answer: SCALESCARE

Answer: ___ 123_____________

14 _

Task 25 of part 2 is an essay based on the text read. This task is completed on answer sheet No. 2.

All Unified State Exam forms are filled out in bright black ink. You can use a gel, capillary, or fountain pen.

When completing assignments, you can use a draft. Entries in the draft are not taken into account when grading work.

The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the highest

number of points.

We wish you success!

Part 1

1 Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) Real discoveries in historical linguistics concerning the past of language are possible when it is possible to combine a painstaking search for facts and bold thinking.

2) Quite often, judgments about the past of a language make it possible to restore an entire world long lost in the past.

3) Only a painstaking search for facts and the courage of thinking of linguists make it possible to make real discoveries in the field of the past language.

4) Only courage of thinking allows linguists to restore bit by bit knowledge about the past of language and make real discoveries in historical linguistics.

5) Judgments about the past of a language that are speculative in nature can be confirmed if historical facts are painstakingly and purposefully collected.

2 Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the blank inthird (3) sentencetext? Write down this word (combination of words).

But

For example,

Nevertheless

Exactly

Because

Answer : _________________________

3 Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word LANGUAGE. Determine the meaning in which this word is usedin the first (1) sentence texta. Write down the number corresponding to this meaning in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. LANGUAGE, -a, plural. -i, -ov, m.

1) units A set of means of expression in verbal creativity, based on the national sound, vocabulary and grammatical system.Ya. Pushkin. Ya writers. Ya fiction.

2) The historically established system of sound vocabulary and grammatical means, which is a tool for communication, exchange of thoughts and mutual understanding of people in society.I am the great Russian. Slavic languages. Literary me.

3) units Speech, the ability to speak.Lose your tongue. The patient lies without tongue and without movement.

4) transfer A prisoner captured to obtain the necessary information (colloquial).Take, bring language.

5) A system of signs (sounds, signals) that convey information.Ya animals. Ya gestures.

Answer : _________________________

4 In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

bleeding

GIVING

handrails

sealed

no way

Answer : _________________________

5 In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct lexical error, choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

One of the speakers was Alexander Andreevich Kolli, professor of ORGANIC chemistry.

People asked the controllers how to FILL OUT the form correctly.

Styopka developed a particularly TRUSTING relationship with his great-grandfather.

After hesitating, the commander said nothing about the REAL motives for his stubbornness.

Of course, it is important for Boris Sergeevich to know that an EXPERIENCED owner of the estate appeared here.

Answer : _________________________

6 In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

kilogram of MANDARINS

THREE HUNDRED residents

WET through and through

foreign PASSPORTS

LIE on your side

Answer : _________________________

7 Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column

GRAMMAR ERRORS

A. violation of the connection between subject and predicate

B. violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

B. error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members

D. incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech

D. violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase

OFFERS

Everyone who watched the new film by the famous director expressed very contradictory opinions.
You can read about the life and work of the artist, about his ruined talent, in K. Paustovsky’s story “Orest Kiprensky”.
Mountaineering not only strengthens you physically, but also fosters a sense of mutual assistance.
Those who have never admired the majestic panorama of the capital from the top of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower have no idea about Moscow.
The poem “The Poet” by M. Yu. Lermontov allegorically depicts the crisis of modern poetry, explained by social apathy.
Language is not only the best indicator of general culture, but also the best educator of a person.
V. G. Belinsky wrote about 20 articles and reviews specifically dedicated to the work of N. V. Gogol.
The Russian surgeon and anatomist N.I. Pirogov bequeathed to us that study, read, reflect and extract the most useful from everything.
A visitor (apparently a tourist) asked a passerby if there was a post office near the station.

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer :
Answer :

8Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

coating

that is, theoretically

float..wok

extended

l..gendarny

Answer : _________________________

9 Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

pr..increase, pr..sea

on..write, about..thundered (fights)

in..give, nor..reject

down..down, in..southern

play..play, inter..institutional

Answer : _________________________

10 Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

holy fool...

accumulate

endured...in

pushed...nka

paying extra

Answer : _________________________

11Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

headed...my

shoot...sh

rusty...lo

sealed

visited

Answer : _________________________

12 Determine the sentence in which NOT with the word it is written FULL . Open the brackets and write down this word.

A (NOT)SUFFERING soul will never be able to comprehend happiness.

Sofya Pavlovna is (NOT) AS guilty of what happened to us as it seems.

Choose a friend (NOT) IN A HURRY, and even less in a hurry to exchange him.

The fungus is (NOT) HIGH, but strong.

It’s already the end of September, and the fields are still (NOT) mown, the grain is starting to fall from the ears.

Answer : _________________________

13 Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written FULL . Open the brackets and write down these two words.

Ivan rarely appeared in the district center, (FOR) THEN he went to the city at every opportunity and (B) disappeared there for several hours, forgetting about his service.

(BY) WHY I recognized her: whether by her look, by the outline of her hands - I don’t know, but I recognized her, and (BY) THIS my heart began to beat wildly.

Timidly and hoping that SOMEONE would want to receive uninvited guests, we knocked on the door, but the hosts received us (IN) THEIR FIRST WAY.

And (SO), the youngest son loved books just like everyone else in our family.

The experiment was carried out successfully, FOR THE first time, SO everyone was very pleased.

Answer : _________________________

14 Indicate all the numbers in whose place it is written NN.

Well-kept (1) furnished with (2) old (3) furniture, the apartment resembled a manor’s house, with once and for all established (4) routines and customs, in which every thing has its place, and time has its own business.

Answer : _________________________

15 Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of the proposals in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The forest rustled, sometimes soothingly and melodiously, sometimes impetuously and alarmingly.

2) In the 12th century, painters painted pictures with paints or ink on silk or paper scrolls.

3) Suddenly the door on the block squealed and the floor shook from someone’s steps.

4) Neither on the water, nor on the ground, nor in the air, a real tourist does not feel confused.

5) Wild berries It is best to pick in the morning or evening and every good berry grower should know this.

Answer : _________________________

16 Place all punctuation marks:

Climbing (1) onto his father’s wide bed (2) and (3) burying his (4) chin in his father’s shoulder (5), Vanyatka (6), excited (7) by the events of the evening (8), could not fall asleep for a long time.

Answer : _________________________

17 Place punctuation marks:indicate the numbers where commas should appear in the sentence.

All my life I have loved and love mental and physical work and (1) perhaps (2) even more than the second. And (3) especially (4) felt satisfied when he made some good guess into the latter, that is, he connected his head with his hands.

Answer : _________________________

18 Place punctuation marks:indicate the numbers where commas should appear in the sentence.

And everything (1) that is seen (2) and heard (3) that lives (4) and that blooms calls you to itself.

Answer : _________________________

19 Place punctuation marks:indicate the numbers where commas should appear in the sentence.

It turned out (1) that the manuscript has not yet been completely edited (2) and that (3) it will not yet be carried out extra work(4) you cannot submit it to the printing house.

Answer : _________________________

(1) When I entered the new empty apartment, the only one who greeted me was the old snow-covered poplar outside the window, it remained from the village estate that was in this place, and now, looking into the second floor, it seemed to say to me: “Hello “- and from its beautiful white branches light poured into the room, pure, immaculate, incorruptible. (2) Then spring came, and one morning, after a warm night rain, something green, smoky, indefinite looked in the window.

(3) Every spring the same thing repeats itself, and each time it is like a miracle, a miracle of renewal, and you cannot get used to it. (4) I stood and looked for a long time and couldn’t get enough of it. (5) Now it was as if someone alive had settled outside the window, made noise and suddenly fell silent, and when it was windy, quietly and meekly knocked on the window.

(6) He lived with all his leaves, thousands of thousands of leaves, exposing them to the sun, moon, wind, rain. (7) He enjoyed life to the fullest, every minute, every second of his existence. (8) And I, reflecting on my life, would like to learn from him this constant joy in freedom under the sky.

(9) Birds flew to its branches, they whistled, sang their short city songs, maybe the poplar told them about me, and they looked out the window and grinned.

(10) What a long, wonderful summer it was in that first year of living in a new room, with a living poplar right next to the window, what endless sunsets, and bright nights, and light dreams! (11) Only sometimes did I suddenly dream that for some reason I had lost my new room and was again living in the old, dark and smoky one, with a bare electric light bulb on a long cord. (12) But I woke up, and the poplar looked into the room with clean, fresh walls, and the pre-dawn green noise merged with the feeling of a happy awakening. (13) Then autumn came, the leaves turned yellow, and the room became quiet and sad.

(14) Autumn showers and storms began, at night the poplar creaked, groaned, and beat its branches against the wall, as if asking for protection from the weather. (15) Leaves gradually flew away from its upper branches, and then from the lower ones. (16) Leaves flowed in streams, covering the balcony, and some stuck to the glass and looked into the room with horror, expecting something.

(17) And now there was not a single leaf left on the poplar, it stood bare, black, as if burnt, and against the background of the blue sky every black twig, every vein was visible, it was solemnly quiet and sad in nature, the non-warming sun was shining summer (18) And, as always, I remembered my childhood and thought: who are you? (19) What is the meaning of life? (20) Then it was spring again, and everything was all over again, and life seemed endless.

(21) But one morning I heard a sound under the window, as if my poplar was squealing. (22) I rushed to the window. (23) Below there were scrapers and road rollers, which were breaking through a new street, and a worker was cutting down a poplar tree standing in the middle of the road with an electric saw.

(24) And from above I saw how a trembling passed through his entire green body, he staggered, thought for a moment and collapsed onto a new street, blocking its entire width with rustling green landslide foliage.

(25) And the red-brick, boring, bare wall of the house on the other side of the street appeared to me, and since then I have seen only it and a piece of the sky.

(26) I often remember my poplar. (27) And it still seems that it has not disappeared from the earth, but is growing somewhere in the forest, in a clearing, rustling with all its leaves.

(According to B. Yampolsky*)

* Boris Samoilovich Yampolsky (1912-1972), Russian writer.

20 Which of the statementsdo not correspondcontent of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Moving into a new empty apartment, the narrator saw an old poplar tree in the window.

2) Looking at the poplar, the hero recalled his childhood and looked for answers to the questions: who are you? What is the meaning of life?

3) The poplar still grows next to the narrator’s house.

4) Every spring, leaves bloomed on the poplar. And the narrator calls this process a miracle of renewal.

5) The hero does not regret at all that the old poplar was cut down, because it could have fallen and damaged the house or injured a person.

21 Which of the following statements is wrong? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Sentences 1-2 contain a narrative element.

2) Sentence 17 provides a description.

3) Sentences 21-22 contain narrative.

4) Proposition 12 presents the reasoning.

5) Sentence 2 contains reasoning.

Answer: ___________________________

22 From sentence 15, write down antonyms

Answer: ___________________________

23 Among sentences 14-17, find one that is related to the previous one usingpossessive pronoun and word forms. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20-23.

This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.

Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of task number 24, starting from the first cell, no spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.

24 “Remembering the poplar that once grew under the window, B. Yampolsky uses such paths as(A) ___________ (“lived by thousands of thousands of leaves” in sentence 6),(B) ______________ (“the poplar told them about me” in sentence 9). Such a technique as(IN) _________________ (in sentence 27), conveys the author’s feelings. And a trope like(G) _____________________(For example, " beautiful branches" in sentence 1), enhances the imagery of the text."

List of terms

1) series of homogeneous members

2) personification

3) comparative turnover

4) hyperbole

5) parcellation

6) opposition

7) dialectism

8) rhetorical question

State one of the problems set by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is graded 0 points.

WET

A B C D E

4 2 3 8 7

FLOAT

REPRIMATEDEPRESS

HAVING ENDURED

YOU WILL SHOOT

LOW

WHYWHERE

1234

UPPER-LOWER

or UPPERBOTTOM

or UPPER-LOWER

4269

Text information

Main problems
The problem of loneliness. (What helps a person cope with the feeling of loneliness?)	Nature helps a person get rid of the feeling of loneliness and feel the joy of life.
2. The problem of man's relationship to nature. (How is the poplar outside the window perceived by the hero of the story? Why did the poplar outside the window become “his poplar” for the hero?)	2. In the city, where a person can more acutely feel his isolation from nature, trees near the house are often perceived as part of the living natural world, understanding and sympathizing with a person, instilling in him the joy of life.
3. The problem of the relationship between man and nature c. (How is the life of a city person related to the life of nature?)	3. A person living in a city feels especially keenly his connection with nature, the beauty of which helps to perceive the world around him more clearly.
4. The problem of nature conservation. (Why does the death of a tree cause deep emotions in a person’s soul?)	4. It is very important to preserve the natural urban landscape, since in the human soul there is always a feeling of deep connection with surrounding nature, the beauty of which gives rise to a thirst for life, a sense of beauty, a desire to preserve beauty.

Algorithm for completing Unified State Exam tasks

in Russian.

Part 1.

Task 1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?

Algorithm for completing the task:

Task 2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write this word down.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. Read the text carefully.

2. By sequentially selecting the proposed means of communication, establish a logical correspondence between the sentence with the gap and the one that precedes it. This technique will help you determine which word should be in the gap.

Task 3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word (………). Determine the meaning in which this word is used (…….) in the sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

Algorithm for completing the task:

read the assignment carefully;

find the specified offer;

include each of the suggested lexical interpretations to replace the word given for analysis;

listen to the new sound and meaning of the sentence;

determine whether the sentence lost or did not lose its semantic integrity during the linguistic experiment:

if the sentence has not lost its semantic integrity, the answer is correct;
if the meaning of the sentence has changed, the answer is correct.

Task 4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

Remember: the mobility of the Russian accent creates objective difficulties when completing this task.

agent, Augustowsky, agency, agony, acropolis, alcohol, alphabet, anapest, anatom, antithesis, apostrophe, watermelon, arrest, aristocracy, argument, asymmetry, astronom, Atlas (collection geographical maps), atlas (fabric), bourgeoisie, being,

bureaucracy, airports

scam, crimson, run, pamper, pampered, pampered, bow (banta, bows)

barman, unrestrained, birch bark and birch bark, gas pipeline, Blagovest, favor, block, bombard, barrel, delusional and delusional, armor (assigning something to someone), armor (protective plating), bakery, bourgeoisie, sandwich, being, bureaucracy

gross, boil (cook, boil, boil, boil), watchman, willow, veterinarian, turn on, water supply, Volgoda, wolf (Volka, Wolves, Wolves), thief (thieves, vorOV, vorAM, about thieves), magic, invest, Concave, alarm, exorbitantly expensive

gas pipeline, gastronomy, hectare, genesis, citizenship, grenadier, pear

cousin, maiden, democracy, department, despot, hyphen, act, diagnosis, dialogue, dispensary, white, prey, dogma, agreement, contractual, naked, red, document, report, naked, dosinya, leisure, daughter, dramaturgy, dormant, confessor,
heretic,
blinds, muzzle, life,

book, (assign something to someone), book (cover with armor), enviably, bent, conspiracy (secret agreement), conspiracy (spell), bent, long, frosty, busy (person), busy (with someone ), cork, corked, moldy, seal up, sealed, powder, call (call, call, call), winterer, malice, significance, significance, sagacity, jagged

scoop, scooper, cleaner,
chassis, seamstress, ROUGH, syringes, sorrel, crushed stone, chips, chips,
Excursion, expert, export, equipped, express, epilOg, pullOver

Legally Divine

religion, exhaust,
flounder, catalog, rubber, cough, quarter, cedar, kilometer, cinematography, pantry, whooping cough, college, colossus, compass, complex, self-interest, prettier, nettle, flint, cooking, kitchen, aches, hunk, blade, scoot (waste, leftovers), flap (piece of fabric),
alluring, masterfully, medicines, glimpses, manager, metallurgy, meager (minuscule is allowed), youth, milkman, monologue, ordeal,

naked, naked (cut), naked (hold checkers), bent over, over a long time, intention, tilt, backhand, begin, begun, arrears, illness, obituary, hatred, unpretentious, oil pipeline, newborn,
provision, facilitate, aggravate, embraced, embraced, facilitate, encourage, lend, embittered, wholesale, inform, edge, uncork, adolescence, partly, paralysis,
parter, plowing, firstborn, mold, pizzeria, offer, fable, understood, understood, understood, raised, midday, briefcase, pedestal, funeral, at the funeral, plateau, anticipate, undertaken, pass, reward, bonus, ovOr, dowry

knowledgeable, beets, silage, orphan, orphans, plum case, condolence, convocation, concentration, means, statue, status, statute, shorthand, joiner, vessel, bent,
thereOzhnya, dancer, cakes, cakes, shoe,
decoration, speed up, deepen, coal, Ukrainian, improve, dead, mentioned, mention, strengthen, aggravate,
facsimile, porcelain, extravaganza, phenomenon, fetish, fluorography, flyleaf, form,
haos, characteristic (typical), characteristic (actor), intercessor, intercession, intercession, well-groomed (adj.), well-groomed (adj.), Christian, Christ-seller,
cement, chain, gypsy,

Task 5. In one of the sentences below WRONG The highlighted word is used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. Algorithm for completing the task:

read all proposals carefully;

determine the lexical meanings of each of the paronym words by selecting synonyms and antonyms or taking into account what words each of them can be combined with;

indicate the correct answer.

Addressee - addressee. Addressee - the person or organization to whom it is addressed postal item(recipient); addressee - the person or organization sending the postal item (sender).

Anecdotal - anecdotal. Anecdotal - inherent in an anecdote, based on an anecdote (anecdotal story); anecdotal - ridiculous, ridiculous (anecdotal case).

Archaic - archaic. Archaic - characteristic of antiquity (archaic view), archaic - out of use, not corresponding to new views, rules (archaic use).

Everyday - everyday. Weekday - not a holiday (weekday); everyday - prosaic, monotonous (everyday work).

Inhale - sigh. Inhale - absorb, draw in air (inhale oxygen), inspire something (inhale courage); sigh - let out a sigh (breathe with relief); rest a little (let me breathe); yearn, be sad (sigh for children).

Educational - educational. Educational - related to education (educational system); educational - related to the teacher (educational room).

Everyone - everyone. Everyone - everyone (every minute); all kinds - the most diverse (all kinds of searches).

Elective - selective. Elective - relating to elections, elected by voting (elected position); selective - partial (spot check)

Harmonic - harmonious. Harmonic - related to harmony (harmonic series); harmonious - harmonious, coordinated (harmonious personality).

Main - capital. Main - main, most significant, central, senior (main street); capital - related to the title (title role).

Engine - mover. Engine - a machine that sets in motion, force (electric motor); mover - that which sets in motion, contributes to it (the mover of society, progress is outdated).

Democratic - democratic. Democratic - related to democracy, democrat (democratic camp); democratic - characteristic of democracy, democrat (democratic act).

Dynamic - dynamic. Dynamic - related to dynamics, movement (dynamic theory); dynamic - having great internal energy(dynamic pace).

Diplomatic - diplomatic. Diplomatic - related to diplomacy, diplomat (diplomatic post); diplomatic - subtly calculated, evasive (diplomatic behavior).

Long - long. Long - having a large length (long report); long - long-term (long vacation, long period).

Voluntary - volunteer. Voluntary - performed without coercion (voluntary labor); volunteer - relating to a volunteer (volunteer initiative, volunteer army).

Dramatic - dramatic. Dramatic - expressive strong feelings, complete drama (dramatic situation); dramatic - related to drama (drama club).

Friendly - friendly. Friendly - relating to a friend, friends (friendly meeting); friendly - based on friendship (friendly country).

Pathetic - pitiful. Pathetic - expressing grief, melancholy, suffering; plaintive, sad (pathetic voice); compassionate - prone to pity, sympathy; compassionate, touching (compassionate words, people).

Spare - thrifty. Spare - available as a reserve (emergency exit); thrifty - able to stock up (thrifty person).

Angry - malicious. Angry - filled with feelings of enmity ( angry man); malicious - having a bad purpose, deliberate (malicious defaulter).

Executive - performing. Executive - diligent, with the goal of accomplishing something (executive worker); performing - relating to the performer (performing skill).

Traveler - business traveler. Seconded - a person on a business trip (seconded specialist); travel - related to a traveler (travel expenses).

Comical - comical. Comic - related to comedy (comic character); comical - funny (comical look).

Critical - critical. Critical - related to criticism (critical article); critical - having the ability to criticize (critical approach).

Logical - logical. Logical - related to logic (logical thinking); logical - correct, reasonable, consistent (logical reasoning).

Methodical - methodical. Methodological - related to methodology (methodological conference); methodical - exactly following the plan (methodical work).

Hateful - hateful. Hateful - imbued with hatred (hateful actions); hated - causing hatred (hated enemy).

Intolerable - intolerant. Unbearable - one that cannot be tolerated (unbearable cold); intolerant - unacceptable (intolerant attitude).

Impoverish - impoverish. To become poor - to become poor (to become poor as a result of inflation); impoverish - make poor (impoverish life).

Dangerous - wary. Dangerous - associated with danger (dangerous bridge); cautious - acting cautiously (cautious person).

Misprint - unsubscribe. A typo is an accidental mistake when writing (an unfortunate typo); unsubscribe - an answer that does not affect the essence of the matter (impudent unsubscribe).

Master - master. Master - learn to use something, include it in your circle of activities (master the production of new products); learn - make it habitual; understand, remember (learn what you read).

Organic - organic. Organic - related to the plant or animal world (organic matter); organic - inextricably linked, natural (organic integrity).

Condemnation - discussion. Conviction - an expression of disapproval, passing a sentence (conviction of a criminal); discussion - comprehensive consideration (discussion of the problem);

Responsible - responsible. Responsive - being a response (response); responsible - responsible, important (responsible worker).

Reportable - distinct. Reporting - related to the report (reporting period); distinct - clearly distinguishable (distinct sound).

Political - political. Political - related to politics ( politician); political - acting diplomatically, carefully (political hint).

Understanding - understandable. Intelligent - quickly understands (an understanding person); understandable - clear (understandable reason).

Representative - representative. Representative - making a favorable impression (presentable appearance); representative - elected (representative body); related to the representation, representative (representation expenses).

Presentation - provision. Presentation - presentation for familiarization, nomination for encouragement (presentation of characteristics); provision - placing something at someone's disposal (providing a loan).

Noticeable - noticeable. Perceptive - capable of noticing (observant critic); noticeable - noticeable (noticeable displeasure).

Realistic - realistic. Realistic - following realism (realistic painting); realistic - corresponding to reality, quite practical (realistic goal).

Hidden - secretive. Hidden - secret, invisible ( hidden threat); secretive - not frank (secretive person).

Tactical - tactical. Tactful - possessing tact (tactful act); tactical - related to tactics (tactical task).

Technical - technical. Technical - related to technology (technical progress); technical - possessing high skill (technical actor).

Lucky - lucky. Lucky - happy; the one who is lucky (lucky explorer); successful - successful (lucky day).

Actual - factual. Actual - corresponding to the facts (actual state of affairs); factual - containing many facts (factual report).

Master - economic. Master - related to the owner; such as a good owner (owner's interest); economic - occupied with the economy, associated with the economy (economic issues).

Explicit - obvious. Explicit - obvious, unconcealed (obvious superiority); distinct - distinct, clearly distinguishable (clear whisper).

Task 6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the error and write the word correctly.

Find errors in education and use

case forms of numerals;

numerals one and a half, one and a half hundred;

collective numbers, including numerals both, both;

comparative and superlatives names of adjectives and adverbs;

nominative and genitive case plural some nouns;

forms imperative mood some verbs.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. Determine which part of speech this word belongs to.

2. If this name is a numeral, remember that

for complex cardinal numerals both parts bow;

Cases

From 50 - 80

200, 300, 400

From 500 – 900

fifty

heels And ten And

fifty

five yu ten yu

oh hey And ten And

two hundred

dv wow hundred

dv mind st am

two hundred

dv skillfully st ami

o dv wow st Oh

five hundred

heels And hundred

heels And st am

five hundred

five yu st ami

oh hey And st Oh

when declension of compound ordinal numbers changes only last word;

numeral both used with masculine and neuter nouns, and both– feminine;

Cases

M., Wed. genus

J. genus

both

about both

both

about both

collective numbers ( two, three, four etc.) are used with nouns denoting male persons, names of baby animals, paired objects or having only a plural form.

3. If this name is an adjective, make sure that the forms of degrees of comparison are formed correctly. Remember: you cannot mix simple and compound forms of degrees of comparison.

Degrees of comparison of adjectives

Comparative

Excellent

simple

composite

simple

composite

beautiful her(s)

less- she

deeper e

more Beautiful

less Beautiful

beautiful eish- th

great aish- th

nai the most difficult

most Beautiful

Degrees of comparison of adverbs

comparative

excellent

simple

composite

-her(s)- hurt - sick her, sick to her

-e – easy - easier e-she- thin - thinner e

adverb + more (less) more thin

less Interesting

comparative degree+ pronoun everyone, everything:

did best of all (all)

4. If it is a verb, pay attention to the correct formation

imperative forms;

Past tense forms used without a suffix are –NU-.

(There is - well - there is an error in the verb - the correct answer)

5. If it's a noun, make sure it's formed correctly.

forms nominative case plural;

genitive plural forms.

NOMINATIVE PLURAL

m. kind

With the ending - a, -i(emphasis on ending)

With the ending - s, -i ( emphasis on base)

influence of the dual number)

Addresses, coast, century, fan, director, doctor, gutter, inspector, boat, clover, feed, box, body, seine, district, vacation, passport, cook, professor, variety, watchman, haystack, paramedic, outhouse, stable, ramrod, stack, stamp, anchor, hawk.

sentences, mines,

editors, snipers, tractors, cakes, fronts, drivers.

volumes

Bakery mechanics

1. Animated foreign language nouns. on

-tor, -sor stylistically neutral: directors

1. Animated foreign language nouns. on -er,

-er:engineers

2. Inanimate. foreign words in

-tor, -sor:processors

3. Animated foreign language nouns. on

-tor with a bookish touch: editors.

Remember: oil – plural. h. - oil A

cream - plural – cream s(not cream A)

male

female

average

banknotes

giraffe

hall

adjustment

piano

roofing felt

tulle

shampoo

sandal, boot

cuff, callus

sneaker

reserved seat

gravy (with gravy)

slipper

shoe (no shoes)

surname

bast

tentacle

Task 7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

1. Look for errors in sentences:

1) with homogeneous members; (look for homogeneous predicates with the conjunction I. Ask a question from the verb to homogeneous members of the sentence. The question must be the same, if not, then it’s a mistake!!! This will be the correct answer. (I see??? (sentence member missing) and proud nature? I see what?, I’m proud of what?)

2) with participial phrases; (look at the end of the participle, remember that there must be agreement with the word being defined in gender, number, case.)

3) with proper names, enclosed in quotation marks and being the names of newspapers, magazines, books, paintings, films;

4) with derivative prepositions thanks, in agreement, in spite of and non-derivative preposition By, used in figures of speech upon completion, upon arrival, upon completion, upon arrival;

5) with double unions not only...but also; both...and;

6) using quotes;

7) starting with the words: everyone who...; those who...; none of those who...

Task 8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. Cross out words with alternating vowels, as they will not be the correct answer:

1.1. read each word carefully and look for words with an alternating vowel in the root ( gar - mountains, zar - zor, clan - clone, tvar - creation, lag - lodge, bir - ber, pir - per, dir - der, tyr - ter, world - mer, blist - shine, steel - stel, zhig - burned, chit - even, kas - braid, rast - rasch - grew, skak - skoch, poppy - mok, equal - even).

2) select test words for the remaining words, remembering that among them there may be dictionary words in which the unstressed vowel requires memorization;

3) if you find a dictionary word, you can cross it out, since it will not be the correct answer;

4) if you managed to find a test word for the word, in which the unclear vowel sound came under stress and is clearly heard, then you have found the correct answer.

Task 9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

You need to know the following spelling rules:

spelling of prefixes in –З and –С;

spelling of prefixes PRE and PRI;

PRE -

AT -

abide (=re-)

Arrive (approaching)

Despise (hate)

To look after (to give someone shelter)

betray (= re-)

Add (give extra, change something, add)

Bow down, bow down (= re-)

Lean (approach)

Convert (incarnate)

Pretend (incomplete action)

Transient (= re-)

Coming (approaching)

Endure (endure)

Get used to it (get used to it)

Successor (= re-, take over)

Receiver (radio)

Resign (die)

Put (put close)

Vicissitudes (reversals of fate)

Gatekeeper - guard at the gate

Immutable (unshakable, indestructible)

Attach (attach)

An indispensable condition (mandatory)

Unacceptable conditions (impossible)

Limit (border)

Chapel (extension in the church)

Downplayed (very)

Downplayed (slightly)

Remember:

PRE-

AT-

preamble, prevail, those in power, predicate, present, presentable, president, presidium, presumption, price list, prelude, seduce, not fail, premiere, neglect, preparation, present, obstacle, prerogative, prestige, contender, preference

private, fastidious, privilege, circumstance, handsome, picky, adventure, prima donna, primacy, primitive, priority, deplorable, swear, claim, embellish, unpretentious, whimsical

Prefixes on –З and –С:
spelling depends on the following consonant

before voiced consonants – z appeal, rootless

before voiceless consonants - with

bake, carefree, silent

Task 10. Write down the word in which the letter E /I/ is written in place of the gap

Algorithm for completing the task:

1) Find out in which part of the word the letter is missing: in the ending or in the suffix.

2) If a vowel is missing from the ending, then use the indefinite form of the verb to determine its conjugation:

in the personal endings of verbs of the first conjugation the vowels E, U are written;

in the personal endings of verbs of the second conjugation the vowels I, A (I) are written.

3) If a vowel is missing in the suffix, then analyze the nature of the spelling:

missing vowel in participle suffixes ush, yush, ash, yash, im, eat (ohm).

missing vowel before participle suffix vsh, nn .

4) Spelling of participle suffixes ushch, yushch, ushch, yashch, im, eat (ohm) depends on the conjugation of the original verb:

in participles , educated from verbs I conjugations , suffixes are written ush, yush, eat(om) ;

in participles , educated from verbs II conjugations , suffixes are written ashch, yash, im.

5) Spelling a vowel before suffixes participles vsh and nn depends from that on yat - yat or it - eat ends indefinite form original verb:

at or at , then before nn V passive participles the past tense retains the vowel a(i);

if the original verb ends in to eat or eat , then before nn only written e ;

before the suffix vsh the same vowel is retained , as before the end t in an indefinite form.

HINT: Put the verb in the 3rd person plural. (What are THEY doing? What are THEY going to do?) ending -ut-ut – verb 1 conjugation – in the endings you should write a letter E,

Ending - at-yat - verb 2 conjugations - in the endings you should write a letter AND.

Task 11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap

You need to know the spelling of suffixes

nouns ( ec, ic; ink, enk; purl, in; ichk, echk; ik, ek );

adjectives ( iv, ev; liv, chiv );

verbs ( willow, yva; eva, ova; I, E before the stressed suffix wa) .

Algorithm for completing the task:

1) Determine which part of speech (noun, adjective, verb) the word with the missing letter in the suffix belongs to.

2) Apply the desired rule.

adjective

-ev- unstressed: cle ev oh, enamel ev th

-iv- percussion: flax ive th

Exception: merciful ive oh, fool ive th

-chiv-:infusion chiv th

-liv-: talent Liv th

verb

-ova- (-eva-)

hang up

I'm hanging

Yva- (-iva-)

be annoyed

I'm annoyed

DEFINITION TABLE

ENDINGS OF VERBS AND SUFFIXES OF PARTICIPLES

Verb endings

Suffixes valid. participles

Suffixes suffer. participles

I conjugation

rest

-eatwriteI eat

-eatwriteeat

-yeahwriteyeah

-utwriteut

-yutthoughtut

-ush-writeushch th

-yush-thoughtyushch th

-om-carriedohm th

-eating-blowing I eatth

II conjugation

N.F. on - And t

-themstrictlythem

-heystrictlylook

-itestrictlyite

-atstrictlyyat

-yatstorageyat

-asch-breatheasch th

-box-storagebox th

-them-storagethem th

Task 12. Determine the sentence in which NOT and solov are written CONSOLIDATED (SEPARATELY). Open the brackets and write down this word.

)? It should be remembered that the writing rules are NOT with in different parts speeches can be grouped as follows:

NOT with nouns, qualitative adjectives, adverbs ending in – O and – E;

NOT with verbs and gerunds;

NOT with participles.

Not with nouns, adjectives, adverbs ending in O, E

seamlessly

separately

1.Not used without NOT:

ignoramus
tall tales

careless

ridiculous

1.If there is opposition with the unionA It's not true, it's a lie

Not happy, but sad

Not close, but far

adverb not in O-E: did not act in a friendly way

2. If for a word with the prefix NOT you can find a synonym without NOT

Foe (enemy)

Misfortune (grief)

Enemy (enemy)

Unhappy (sad)

Not close (far)

2. If the word with NOT contains the words far, at all, not at all, not at all, not at all

Far from being a beauty

Not a friend at all

Not at all interesting

Not at all sweet

3.Remember:

not big

slave

trouble

deficiencies

undergrowth

dunno

klutz

3.Remember:

not in moderation, not in accordance with the example, not for good, not in haste, not to taste, not within one’s strength, not according to one’s gut, not by hand, etc.; b) neither give nor take, neither be nor me, neither here nor there, neither light nor dawn, nor for anything

about nothing, not a bottom, not a tire, not for a sniff of tobacco, not for a penny etc.

not one (nobody) - not one (many), not once (never) - not once (often) .

2.Not with verbs and gerunds

seamlessly

separately

1.Not used without NOT:

to be indignant (indignant)

go on a rampage (rage)

unwell

dislike

hate

1.Always separately

I wasn't

Not catching up

Without knowing

2. With the prefix under-

UNDER-= below normal, not 100% be in insufficient quantities
there is an antonym with over- (=excess)
under-salt the soup (over-salt the soup)
the result is unsatisfactory
lacking = not enough
You lack patience.
^I always lack money.

2. With prefixes not + to

not done to the end
can't finish watching the movie, can't get it home
She didn’t finish and fell silent.
(to the end implied)
doesn't reach = doesn't reach
The rope is not enough to floor.
To the poplar is missing the fifth floor

3. Not with participles and verbal adjectives.

seamlessly

separately

1. not used without NOT:
n units insanity (b.b., not up. without NOT)
2. NO opposition with the conjunction A and
dependent words: n without seeded field (no a, ZS)

1. with brief participles: not_closed
2. IS oppositions with the conjunction a:
unfinished A started meeting
3. IS dependent words:
not_ sown during field, not yet plowed field

4.NOT and NOR with negative PRONOUNS

seamlessly

separately

There is NO preposition between NOT and the pronoun: No one, no one

THERE IS AN EXCUSE

No one, no one

Task 13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written TOGETHER (SEPARATELY). Open the brackets and write down these two words.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1) Read the sentence, think about its meaning.

2) Determine which part of speech the highlighted word belongs to.

Unions so that, too, also, but, moreover, moreover, so, therefore are written seamlessly ; they can be replaced with synonyms of the same part of speech.

Words of other parts of speech similar in sound to these conjunctions whatever, the same in the same way, for that, for that, for what , and so, from that are written separately. They consist of two components: one of them (would) can either be removed from the sentence or rearranged to another place; other component (that, that with which, yes, that) replace with other words.

Derivative prepositions are written together: AS A RESULT = because of, IN VIEW = because of, ABOUT = about, TOWARD = to, DESPITE = in spite of.

Derivative prepositions are written separately: DURING = IN CONTINUATION, IN DIFFERENCE, IN CONCLUSION, DURING.

For merged, hyphenated or separate writing adverbs, apply the appropriate rules.

Derivative prepositions

Nouns with prepositions

for

There was no news V flow year.

How long?

(time value)

within (what?) rivers

Look V continuation(what?) series.

IN(fast) current rivers

Look V(coming soon) continued series

continued

She spoke in continuation hours.

in conclusion articles

In the end, in the end

Sat V conclusion

Sat V(by duty) conclusion

in contrast from others

(used with from)

Difference V differences life.

Difference V(strong) differences life.

as a consequence= due to

He didn't come due to diseases.

Remember: later And - adverb

as a consequence

Intervened as a consequence in a theft case.

Intervened V(new) consequence in a theft case.

like=like

vessel like flasks

Error V sort of noun.

about= about, about

Arrange about excursions.

Put on check in the bank.

Put on(mine) check.

towards=k

Go towards to a friend.

Go to the meeting with friends.

Go on(long awaited) meeting.

in view of=due to

In view of it rained we didn't go to the cinema.

I meant Tomorrow. (stable expression).

in the form cone

in mind cities

(cone view, city view)

adverbs

Nouns with prepositions

rise up (refer to verb)

rise to the top mountains

on(most) top mountains

shoes for me just right

on time flowering -

V ( spring) it's time flowering

Derivative prepositions

Participles with negation

Despite rain, we went out of town

(Although it was raining).

Regardless of bad weather, we went hiking.

(in spite of what?)

Despite father, he got up from the table.

Regardless of me, he left the room.

(=without looking)

Task 14. Indicate all the numbers replaced by NN (N)

determine which part of speech a word with a missing letter belongs to;

apply the spelling rule N and NN in the suffix of this part of speech.

Noun:

1. If the root of a word ends in N and the suffix begins with N:

Malinn IR(Mali n A)

2.If noun. formed from an adjective with NN, or from a participle:

illnessenne awn(disease enne y)

spoiled(spoiled)

3. Remember: homeless nn itza

1. In words formed from nouns that have the suffixes -in-, -an-, -yan-

peatyang IR(from noun peat)

2. In words formed from adj. with one N: studyn IR(from adj. study n y), martyr, worker

3. In words:

gaff yang itza (hook) yang y) ,hemp yang IR(hemp yang y)

var en ik (var yeon y), kopch yeon awn (kopch yeon y)

cost yang ika (cost yang oh) wise yeon awn (wise yeon y)

oil en itza (oil) en y), oats yang itza (oats) yang y)

GOST in itsa (gost in y), firewood yang IR (firewood) yang Ouch)

smart yeon awn (smart n y), great en itza

Adjective:

1. noun -H+ -H-: karmann th

2. -ONN-, -ENN-: commissionionn oh, cranberriesenne oh,

! without in the wind nn th

3. exceptions with -YANN-: GLASSNN OH, TINNN OH TREENN YY

Yu nn And you ( yun s nat uralists)

1. -IN-: gus in th

2. exception WINDN YY(day, person)

3. -AN- (-YAN-): leatheren th

Remember: yu n y;

gaff yang oh, room yang oh, ry yang oh, drink yang oh, right n y (historical suf. - YAN-); bar n yay, svi n oh, si n oh, green n oh, eat n oh, core n y.

Short adjectives contain as many ns as full adjectives.

Tuma nn aya distance - distance tuma nn A

in the wind n that girl is a girl in the wind n A

Participles:

Н – НН IN SUFFIXES OF PARTICIPLES AND VERBAL ADJECTIVES

1. There is a prefix: about sifted flour

(except for the console Not-)

But: unprompted her nn that's a torment

1. There is a prefix Not-: Not sowing n that's a torment

2. No ¬, but there is ZS: sowing nn oh through a sieve flour

2. No ¬: sowing n that's a torment

3. there is a suffix -ova-/-eva-:

marin ovann y cucumbers

3. Exceptions: Kova n oh, chewy n oh, good bite n th (-ov-, -ev- are part of the root)

4. Formed from an unprefixed perfective verb:

Resho nn task (to decide what With do?)

But: from wound nn th , wound nn th in the leg fighter

! Being woundnn th, the soldier remained in service.

The women immediately hung erasednn oh.(Passive parables, because they retain a verbal meaning, indicate a temporary state, and not a permanent attribute-quality)., windless

4. Exception: wound n oh, windy

5. These same words in their literal meaning will be participles : name nn oh play, after all nn oh job.

5. When a participle changes into an adjective, it is possible to change the lexical meaning of the word: smart child, uninvited guest, sworn brother, imprisoned father, dowry, Forgiveness Sunday, a goner.

Exceptions: cutesy, desirable,

unheard of, unprecedented, sacred,

unexpected, unexpected, accidental, deliberate, slow, wakeful, arrogant, minted

6. The spelling does not change in the composition difficult words: golden n oh, scrap n th-fracture n oh, Word everything as a whole has meaning adj.(high degree of quality), and not the meaning “adj. + participle."

7. Short participles: the girl is spoiled n A

SHOULD BE DIFFERENTIATED

Short adjective

Short Communion

The girl was raised nna (sama – short adjective). Can be replaced with a full adjective: well-mannered I.

The girl was raised n and in orphanage(by whom?) - short parable. Replaced with a verb: the girl was raised.

Adverb

Short neuter participle

 Ch.  adv.

He answered deliberately(how? in what way?).

Deliberately is a circumstance.

noun  cr. ???

Case thought out (what?) from all sides.

Thought out is a predicate.

Task 15. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of the sentences in which you need to put one comma.

Execution algorithm:

1. Find in a sentence homogeneous members.

2. Determine what conjunctions connect them:

if it is a single connecting or dividing conjunction ( and, or, either, yes (= and ), comma in front of him not placed ;

if it's a double union ( both... and; not so much..., but; not only..., but also; although... but ), the comma is placed only before the second part of the double conjunction ;

if this repeated conjunctions , That a comma is placed only in front of those who are between homogeneous members ;

before opposing alliances between homogeneous members there is always a comma .

3. Check if the sentence contains homogeneous members connected in pairs. Remember: if homogeneous members in a sentence are connected in pairs, then a comma is placed between paired groups and only one!

Task 16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Remember:

participle phrase answers questions Which? which? which? which? ;

participle answers questions what did you do? doing what? And denotes an additional action with a verb - predicate ; participial phrase answers questions How? When? Why?

the placement of punctuation marks in a participial phrase depends on its location in relation to the noun being defined;

The participial phrase is always highlighted in writing with commas;

homogeneous definitions and circumstances expressed by those involved and participial phrases and connected by a single conjunction AND, are not separated by a comma.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1) Find participial and adverbial phrases in the sentence, correctly defining their boundaries. Always separated by commas.

2) Determine what position in the sentence the participial phrase occupies (BEFORE - is not highlighted by commas!!! AFTER the word being defined - is highlighted!!!).

3) Check if the sentence contains homogeneous members with the conjunction I, expressed by participial or participial phrases. There is no comma before the conjunction I.

4).Attention! there should not be numbers in the middle of the revolution, this is provocation!!! Eliminate them!!!Use the technique of eliminating the highlighted turnover.

Task 17.

Remember: introductory words can be removed from a sentence without changing the main idea of the syntactic structure. Use the technique of eliminating highlighted words.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1) Check whether the highlighted words are introductory.

Introductory words can be removed from the sentence or replaced with synonymous introductory words; they are separated by commas.

Members of a sentence that are homonymous with introductory words cannot be removed without changing the meaning of the syntactic structure; they are not separated by commas.

Remember that the following words are not introductory and are not separated by commas: as if, as if, perhaps, for the most part, as if, literally, in addition, because, ultimately, it seems, hardly, anyway, after all, even, precisely, sometimes, as if, moreover, only, Meanwhile, for sure, extremely, I suppose, certainly, definitely, partly, at least, truly, as before, therefore, simply, albeit, decisively, nevertheless, only, allegedly.

Task 18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Execution algorithm:

1. Find the grammatical basis of the sentence.

2. Determine the boundaries of the main and subordinate parts.

3. Read the sentence, observing the selected signs. This will help identify an incorrectly found solution or, conversely, confirm the correct choice.

Remember! As a rule, this task presents complex sentences with subordinate clauses , in them conjunction word which does not stand at the beginning of the subordinate clause, but in the middle her, therefore A comma is not placed before a conjunctive word. (1. Eliminate the numbers around the word “which”

4. Attention to the union I). Determine what it connects: parts of a complex sentence - a comma, homogeneous members of a sentence - no comma.

Task 19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

To complete the task, use the algorithm:

1. Identify the grammatical bases in the sentence.

2. Determine the boundaries of simple sentences as part of a complex syntactic structure.

3. See how these parts are connected to each other.

4. Find out if it is present in the sentence union I , and if it is present in the sentence, determine what it connects:

If homogeneous members , then there is a comma before it not placed ;

If parts of a complex sentence , then there is a comma before it is put .

5. Find 2 conjunctions nearby: what if, what when, and if, and although, but when, so that if, and when:

Comma between conjunctions NOT put, if the words continue in the sentence then, yes, but

Comma between conjunctions is put, If no SO, SO, BUT.

Task 20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

Particular attention should be paid to the second and third sentences:

they (argument and conclusion) contain the main information;

Therefore, among the answer options, you should look for one that combines the information of the 2nd and 3rd sentences.

Remember the main information is given only in its literal meaning. (EXACTLY and SPECIFICALLY)

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. Highlight in each sentence keywords, important for understanding the issue addressed in this text; pay attention to main part complex sentences.

2. Determine the cause-and-effect relationships between sentences in the text by analyzing conjunctions, allied words, and introductory constructions.

3. Shorten the text by deleting secondary information (various types of explanations, details, descriptions of minor facts, comments, lexical repetitions).

4. Convey in one sentence main information, which is contained in the text.

5. Correlate your version of text compression (your sentence conveying its main idea) with the answer options.

Task 21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. Read the text.

2. To determine his type of speech, use the technique of imaginary “photography”:

if you can “photograph” the entire text in one frame, that’s description ;

if you can “photograph” the text in a sequential series of frames, this is narration ;

if the text cannot be “photographed” - this is reasoning .

3. Remember that

description shows (this is what we see: a portrait of a person, a landscape, an interior);

narration tells (this is a chain of events or actions and actions of characters);

reasoning proves and is built according to the scheme: thesis - evidence - final conclusion.

Determine what type of speech the proposed text belongs to.

Types of speech

Compositional scheme

Narration

(what happened?)

I came, I saw, I conquered.

report a sequence of actions or events.

Verbs are used.

Several frames

Exposition

The beginning

Development of action

Climax

5. Denouement

Description

(Which?)

indicate the characteristics of an object, person, place, condition. Adjectives are used.

1 frame

From the general impression to the details.

Reasoning (why?)

to substantiate this or that put forward position (thesis), to explain the essence, causes of this or that phenomenon, event.

It talks about causes and consequences, events and phenomena, our ideas, assessments, feelings. - about what cannot be photographed.

1. Thesis (thought that is proven) →

2. arguments (proofs, examples) →

3. conclusions.

Task 22. Write down synonyms (synonymous pair) from the given sentences. (There may be various lexical means.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. If the task requires you to find a specific lexical unit in a specified passage of text, you must

recall the definition of this lexical unit:

Antonyms- these are words of the same part of speech, opposite in their lexical meaning.! Antonyms can be contextual, that is, they become antonyms only in a given context.

Synonyms- These are words of the same part of speech, the same or similar in meaning, but different in sound and spelling. Like antonyms, synonyms can be contextual

Homonyms-these are words, howeverhigh in sound (withpossible differentspelling) or writingsania (if possibledifferent soundingnii), but different in meaning.

Historicisms- these are outdated words that have fallen out of use due to the disappearance from life of the objects and phenomena that they denoted.

Neologisms– new words of limited use.

Phraseologism- Lexically indivisible phrases reproduced in finished form: hang your nose, win, voice of one crying out)

Task 23. Among sentences 1-8 (there may be other sentence numbers), find one that is connected to the previous one using a possessive pronoun (another means of communication). Write the number of this offer.

Lexical means of communication required in task B7:

lexical repetitions (repetitions of words and phrases);

synonyms and synonymous substitutions;

contextual synonyms;

antonyms (including contextual ones).

Morphological means of communication:

unions;

personal, demonstrative and some other pronouns instead of words from previous sentences;

adverbs;

degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs.

Syntactic means of connecting sentences include:

syntactic parallelism (the same word order and the same morphological design of members of adjacent sentences);

parcellation (removal of any part from a sentence and its design in the form of an independent incomplete sentence);

incomplete sentences;

introductory words and sentences, appeals, rhetorical questions.

Algorithm for completing the task:

1. It is necessary to firmly learn the categories of pronouns, since the pronominal connection is most in demand in tasks of this type.

2. Remember that you must determine the connection of a given sentence with the previous one , with the one that is located before the offer you are considering .

CLASSES OF PRONOUNS BY MEANING

Personal

Unit h.pl. h.

1 l. - I we

2 l. - you you

3 l. - he, she, it they

Returnable

myself

Interrogative

Relative

who, what, which, whose, which, how many, what

Undefined

someone, something, some, several, some, some, someone, anyone, anyone, some, some, any, some, some, how many- someday

Negative

no one, nothing, none, nobody, no one, nothing

Possessives

my, yours, yours, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs

Index fingers

that, this, such, such, so much, this (obsolete)

Definitive

all, everyone, each, himself, any, other, most, other

When some pronouns are declined, the entire word changes: I - to me, you - to you...

Distinguish between the categories of pronouns.

Wed. Her (his, theirs) book– whose? – possessive pronoun.

We sawher (him, them ) - whom? - personal pronoun.

Who Are you on duty today? – interrogative pronoun.

We don't know Who today duty officer is a relative pronoun.

Task 24. Restore the terms missing in the text of the review, with the help of which the linguistic features of this text are characterized.

Algorithm for completing the task:

Carefully read the list of figurative and expressive language means presented in the sample answers.

Divide all the terms into 3 groups: Paths, Figures, Vocabulary.

Read the review carefully, insert the necessary IVS.

4. In case of difficulty, you can use the technique of excluding from the list those terms that, according to their meaning, cannot be in place of gaps in the text.

1. Trails – words and expressions used in figurative meaning:

epithet – figurative definition (Through wavy The moon creeps through the fogs... /A.S. Pushkin/);

personification – attribution of human qualities, actions, emotions to objects, nature, abstract concepts ( The earth sleeps in a blue glow / M.Yu. Lermontov/);

comparison - a comparison of two objects or phenomena in order to explain one of them with the help of the other ( Ice fragile on the chilly river like melting sugar lies /N.A. Nekrasov/);

metaphor – transfer of properties from one object to another based on their similarity (Lit rowan bonfire red / S.A. Yesenin/);

metonymy – allegorical designation of the subject of speech, “renaming”, replacement of one concept with another that has something to do with it causation (All flags will visit us /A.S. Pushkin/);

synecdoche – a type of metonymy, when the name of a part is used instead of the name of the whole or vice versa (We all look at Napoleons / A.S. Pushkin /);

hyperbola – excessive exaggeration of certain properties of the depicted object (The sunset burned like a hundred thousand suns /V.V. Mayakovsky/);

litotes – excessive understatement of the properties of the depicted object or phenomenon (Your Spitz, lovely Spitz, no more than a thimble / A.S. Griboedov/);

irony - hidden ridicule; using a word or expression in a sense opposite to the literal one (Otkole, smart, you're delusional, head? /I.A. Krylov/);

paraphrase – replacing the name of an object or phenomenon with a description of their distinctive features or an indication of characteristic features (King of beasts/instead of lion/);

2. Figures of speech – special syntactic constructions that give expressiveness to speech:

antithesis – a sharp contrast of concepts, thoughts, images (You and the poor, You and the abundant, You and the mighty, You and the powerless, Mother Rus'! /N.A. Nekrasov/);

inversion – reverse word order (White lonely sail/M.Yu. Lermontov/);

gradation – arrangement of words or expressions in ascending or descending order of their meaning (semantic or emotional) ( Glowed, burned, shone huge blue eyes);

oxymoron - a contrasting combination of words that are opposite in meaning ( Dead souls, living corpse, sad joy);

parcellation - intentional violation of the boundaries of a sentence (This happened a long time ago. A very long time ago. Anna was in trouble. Big.);

anaphora – unity of beginning, repetition of similar words at the beginning of stanzas or closely spaced phrases ( Wait me and I'll be back. Just wait a lot. Wait when you feel sad yellow rains, Wait when the snow is swept away, Wait when it's hot, Wait, when others are not expected, having forgotten yesterday / K. Simonov/);

epiphora – repetition of the same words or phrases at the end of several adjacent structures (I would like to know why I titular councilor? Why exactly titular councilor? /N.V. Gogol/);

rhetorical question – a question that is posed in order to draw attention to a particular phenomenon (To be or not to be? /Shakespeare/);

rhetorical appeal – emotional appeal to people not directly involved in communication, or to inanimate objects (People of the world, take care of the world!);

ellipsis - omission of the predicate, giving dynamism to speech (We villages - to ashes, cities - to dust / V.A. Zhukovsky /);

lexical repetition - deliberate repetition of the same word or phrase to enhance the emotionality and expressiveness of the statement (It seemed that everything in nature fell asleep: was sleeping grass, slept trees, slept clouds).

questionably - response form – a form of presentation in which questions and answers alternate (What should I do? I don’t know. Who should I ask for advice? Unknown.);

syntactic parallelism – the same syntactic structure of neighboring sentences, the same arrangement of similar parts of the sentence in them (I look at the future with fear, / I look at the past with longing. /M.Yu. Lermontov/);

homogeneous members of the sentence .

3 .Lexical means of expression: Vocabulary

Dialect words - a word or phrase existing in a certain area (territorial dialectism), social group (social dialectism) or profession (professional dialectism): rooster crows

Jargonisms- the speech of a social group, different from the general language, containing many artificial words and expressions. There are different jargons: salon, bourgeois, thieves, student, school, army, sports, etc. “Smell” is from the jargon of hunters, “amba” is from the sea.

Antonyms(Greek Ant - against and on уma - name) - words with opposite meanings: “Cunning and love”, “White only is the shine, black is the shadow.”

Archaisms(from Greek Archaios - ancient) - obsolete word or figure of speech.

Neologisms(from the Greek Neos - new and logos - word) - a newly formed word that appeared in connection with the emergence of new concepts in life (in science, technology, culture, in everyday life). Neologism emphasizes the expressiveness of speech. For example, “mediocrity” instead of “mediocrity”.

Synonyms(from Greek - eponymous) 1) Words that are different in spelling, but close (or identical) in meaning: defeat - overcome (the enemy); run - rush; beautiful - lovely; hippopotamus - hippopotamus. 2) Contextual synonyms are words or phrases that are similar in meaning in the same context; these words are of an individual, situational nature: needle - Ostankino needle (tower); talk (murmur) of waves; noise (rustle, rustle, whisper) of foliage.

Contextual synonyms - words or combinations of words that acquire similar meaning only in a certain context. “Doing nothing” is passive rest.

Phraseologism - a lexically indivisible, stable in its composition and structure, a phrase complete in meaning, reproduced in the form of a ready-made speech unit. (Frown your eyebrows, win a victory, lower your head, break your nose, burn with shame, show your teeth, sudden death, melancholy, biting frost, fragile boat, delicate question, delicate situation)

Homonyms- words that sound the same different meaning, eg: club (couple and sports), change your mind (many things and change your mind). In oral speech, sound homonyms (homophones) arise - words that sound the same, although they are written differently: cry and cry, boil and open.

PART 2

It is necessary to analyze the proposed text, identifying the author’s position on one of the problems raised in it, correctly and convincingly expressing own attitude to what you read. The volume of the essay is at least 200 words.

For correct execution tasks you need to know Part C assessment criteria.

Plan for writing an essay - reasoning on the proposed text

Regardless of the content of the text, you can use the following plan, compiled on the basis of the requirements for completing the task of Part C:

1. Formulate the problem - K 1

2. Comment on the problem.K-2

4. Express own opinion, agreeing or disagreeing with the author.K-4

5. Prove your point of view by giving at least two arguments (each of them is given in a new paragraph).

6. Final conclusion (conclusion).

Problem - a question that interests the author of the source text and causes his thoughts and reflections.