Conservation science and technology lesson. Class hour: "Save nature - save life"

Goals: nurturing a sense of love for nature, respect for all living things; help students realize their moral responsibility for fate native land; formation of ecological culture.

Epigraph: People cannot be allowed to

headed for their destruction

those forces of nature that they

managed to open and conquer.

F. Joliot-Curie

1. The meaning of nature for humans.

2. Is there currently a threat to nature and human life?

3. What is the environmental situation in our city?

4. What impact does the environment have on people's health?

5. What can each of us do to preserve nature?

Taking part in the briefing:

– ecologist,

– representative of the nature protection committee,

– medical worker,

- economist.

The role of specialists is played by students in grades 9–11, who have prepared their reports in advance using the literature recommended by the teacher.

On the issue “Ecological situation in our city,” a video recording is shown during the speech.

Progress of the class hour

I. Introductory speech by the teacher about the meaning of nature for humans.

The music of J. Strauss “Tales of the Vienna Woods” is played.

Leading(teacher). The sages and dreamers of the past have more than once tried to list the “wonders of the world” - miracles created by nature and created by human hands. They talked about seven miracles, searched for and found the eighth, but it seems no one ever mentioned the miracle of miracles - the only one known to us in the Universe. This miracle is our planet itself, together with the atmosphere - the container and guardian of life. And for now it continues to remain unique, incomparable, greatest, mysterious and amazing. The only one, because the rest of the planets in our solar system are, with a high degree of probability, lifeless, and we have not yet discovered habitable planets around other stars. The greatest, because it contains all the mysteries that have long troubled humanity - the mysteries of the birth and history of the planet itself, the mysteries of the origin of life, intelligence, and the future destinies of civilization.

This miracle is Nature. Man is a part of it. Nature provides food for man. Wind and sun, forest and water give us common joy, shape our character, make it softer and more poetic. People are inextricably linked with nature through thousands of threads. Human life depends on the state of nature. “Save nature - save life”– topic of the briefing.

Our briefing is attended by: ecologist (full name), representative of the nature protection committee (full name), medical worker (full name), economist (full name) .

Aerodromes,

and platforms,

forests without birds

and lands without water...

Less and less of the surrounding nature.

More and more - environment.

There are only four lines of R. Rozhdestvensky’s poem, but they contain the very essence of the most serious changes taking place in the nature of the Earth. We the people beginning of the XXI centuries, almost unnoticed by themselves, they turned out to be both witnesses and culprits of these changes. How can they turn out for today and future generations? Let's give the floor to leading experts.

II. Speeches by specialists.

The presenter names the issues that need to be considered at the briefing and invites specialists to speak.

– Is there currently a threat to nature and human life?

An ecologist provides information on this issue.

Ecologist. Far-sighted, caring people have always been concerned environmental problems. Thus, Yaroslav the Wise by law limited the production of swans, beavers and other valuable animals.

The decree of Peter I of 1718 prescribed that “those who cut down oak forest and will continue to cut down, as well as those who order cutting, cutting out their nostrils and ears, to be punished with batogs, should be sent to hard labor.” With the same decree, Peter I demanded the construction of treatment facilities within St. Petersburg and obliged all citizens to ensure cleanliness around their homes and on their streets.

According to the Decree of 1719 on the protection of reservoirs: “... if anyone defiles the Neva with garbage or other impurities, he will be sentenced to be beaten with a whip or exiled to Siberia...”.

For millennia, human encroachment into nature has expanded. But especially great changes in the environment occurred during the era of the scientific and technological revolution. And they are not always positive.

Scientific and technological progress has brought and continues to bring many conveniences and comfort to people. It made work easier and allowed us to go into space. It is impossible to stop or even slow it down, just as it is impossible to force a person to stop thinking, daring, creating... Unfortunately, not everyone understands the importance of protecting the environment. Nature began to send alarming signals and change. The culprits of these changes are people and the factories they created, power plants, mines, transport, as well as cities...

A few decades ago, Academician V.I. Vernadsky, the creator of the science of biogeochemistry, warned against a predatory attitude towards nature and its riches: there can only be one result - its complete destruction.

The expression “necessary as air” did not arise by chance. A person can live without food for weeks, without water for days, and without air for minutes.

Over the past 25–30 years, transport and industry have taken more oxygen from the atmosphere than humanity consumed in the entire anthropogen, that is, in 2–3 million years. Sulfur, nitrogen, zinc, potassium, toxic substances. Only carbon dioxide 5 billion tons are emitted annually in the world, which can lead to warming and partial melting polar ice and rising sea levels. The possible negative consequences for humanity in this case are difficult to even imagine.

More than 50 Russian cities have levels of environmental pollution exceeding sanitary standards.

The problem of clean sources is becoming more acute fresh water.

Forests - the “lungs of the planet”, reliable filters of the atmosphere - are being cut down faster than they are growing. Each cubic meter of wood is almost half a ton of carbon dioxide absorbed from the air.

Biologists have already proven that genetic information transmitted to subsequent generations by a living cell can be distorted and disrupted under the influence of so-called “mutants”. These include radiation, active chemicals, toxic chemicals, pesticides, some metals.

For centuries, everything has been dumped into the seas and oceans without any restrictions, including radioactive waste. Numerous oil tanker accidents lead to the death of fish, crabs, seabirds.

Leading. The facts cited by the ecologist are alarming. They may seem distant to you.

– What is the environmental situation in our city?

The floor is given to a representative of the Nature Protection Committee.

R epresentative of the Nature Protection Committee...

The speech is accompanied by a demonstration of video clips characterizing the environmental situation in the city, and ends with a poem:

And only Nature gasps...

Spring! The streams do not stop:

Streams in a riot - here and there.

And they flow into our lake

And fertilizers and fuel oil.

The whole coast became like a landfill -

What, what is not here:

Scraps, old washcloths,

Scraps of books and newspapers...

Those landfills are growing year by year

Along the banks of lakes and rivers,

And Nature laments:

– Why all this, Man?!

I'm walking through the taiga valley...

And again - bitter words:

The tops of the pines have dried up,

The leaves fell from the birch trees,

On the herbs - black sores -

Trouble everywhere you look...

And the huntsman explained to me gloomily:

- And what? Acid rain...

... The forest cried, as if in bad weather,

The creaking complaint of cripples,

And I heard the groan of Nature:

– What have you done, Man?!

Once on a tourist voyage

I wanted to swim.

But I took a walk near the beach

And, believe me, I didn’t dare take off my clothes.

The water smelled like poison -

The smells came in waves.

Not the sea - a gutter

She splashed quietly in front of me.

Factories smoked in the distance,

Our cosmic age was noisy.

But the crown of Nature was sad -

Her creation is Man.

Our mind has become Nature's yoke!

Wouldn't it suddenly happen like this?

What do we care about the Red Book?

Is it just a step away?

From thermonuclear reactions

And from chemical innovations

More than once the thread of the offspring was torn.

Wave of monstrous mutations

Threatens to flood the planet.

Everything can be, everything can happen...

The question is blunt: to be or not to be?

Nobody has that question for us

And he won’t think to decide.

Meanwhile, hour after hour

We continue to do evil.

And now there are no forest reserves,

You can no longer drink in the river.

Rockets hit the sky

Disturbing our peaceful overnight stay,

And Nature just gasps:

- Are you my son, Man?

V. Glebov

Leading. Ecological situation in our city it’s also not encouraging and makes everyone think.

– What impact does the environment have on people's health?

A medical professional provides information.

Medical worker. Air pollution is 43–45% responsible for deteriorating public health. The quality of drinking water also affects your health. In the Amur, Kurgan, Kemerovo, Novgorod regions and the Mordovian Republic, the direct influence of chemical pollution on the occurrence of diseases of the central nervous system, hepatitis, toxicosis during pregnancy, an increase in stillborn children and congenital anomalies.

Bacterial and viral pollution of Russian rivers creates constant danger epidemiological outbreaks of intestinal infections. In many regions of our country there is an excess permissible level pesticides in the soil, which leads to children becoming ill with anemia and tuberculosis.

In areas exposed to radioactive contamination as a result of accidents in Chelyabinsk and Chernobyl, the number of people suffering from leukemia and endocrine diseases has increased. Scientists have registered an increase in overall mortality of 17–24%.

Many plants and animal organisms become accumulators of metals and persistent chemical compounds, their consumption is dangerous to health.

Leading. Changing the environment most directly affects human health, his biology, and all living things. Reckless human activity in relation to nature has brought 1,000 vertebrate species to the brink of extinction. The Red Book includes: 115 species of animals, 25% of birds and 44% of animals that are on the verge of extinction. 118 species of mammals and 127 species of birds have already disappeared from the face of the Earth. 35 million people live in the environmental disaster zone in Russia. Accidents cause enormous damage to nature, natural disasters(droughts, floods, earthquakes...).

– What can each of us do to preserve nature?

The floor is given to the economist.

Economist. First of all, it is necessary to create safe technologies, treatment facilities, we also need hospitals with modern equipment... This requires huge funds. There aren't enough of them yet. It is necessary to learn how to respect natural resources and communities.

According to scientists, it takes 2000 years for a layer of soil 5 cm thick to form in nature. This greatest wealth was created over centuries, millennia. We must cherish it and protect it from destructive consequences.

What exactly can every schoolchild do to preserve nature? (Draws everyone’s attention to the poster.)

Poster

“Be active advocates natural environment!»

Follow the rules of behavior in the forest, on the banks of water bodies...

Follow the rules for collecting forest products (mushrooms, medicinal plants...).

Take care of our smaller brothers (ants, birds, hedgehogs...).

Decorate the city and village in green attire.

III. Final part (summary).

Leading. So, protecting nature concerns us all. We all breathe the same air of the Earth, drink water and eat bread, the molecules of which continuously participate in the endless cycle of substances. And we ourselves are thinking particles of Nature. This places a huge responsibility for its safety on each of us, each and every one without exception. Each of us can and must contribute to the fight for the preservation of Nature, and therefore life on Earth.

Listen to the poem:

Take care of the Earth!

Take care

Lark at the blue zenith,

Butterfly on dodder leaves,

There are sun glares on the path...

Take care of young shoots

At the green festival of nature,

Sky in stars, ocean and land

And a soul that believes in immortality, -

All destinies are connected by threads.

Take care of the Earth!

Take care...

M. Dudin

The song “Birches” performed by N. Rastorguev (recorded) is played.

Quiz Questions:

1. What is “Killing” fish? (The death of fish under the ice is due to a lack of oxygen in the water, so in winter it is necessary to make holes in the rivers so that there is air access to the water.)
2. Name an animal of water bodies that is a real living filter
(Snail. By passing water through itself, the snail cleanses it. That is why snails are placed in aquariums.)
3. How can you help a tree if there is a wound on the trunk?
(Coat with clay to prevent pathogenic microbes from entering.)
4. Why can’t you pick flowers?
(They do not have time to produce seeds.)
5. Name the forest’s animal friends.
(Ants, woodpeckers.)
6. Name the main insidious enemy of the forest.
(Fire in the forest.)
7. Can a mushroom eat a tree?
(Yes, tinder fungi destroy wood, turning it into dust.)
8. Why is hunting for fur-bearing animals strictly prohibited in the spring?
(Animals are molting - the fur is unusable, but the main thing is that in the spring the animals give birth to offspring, which must be fed, raised, and taught to survive.)
9. Who are fledglings? Why can't you touch them?
(Chicks that fell out of the nest.)
10. Why shouldn’t you touch birds’ eggs in nests with your hands?
(Many birds abandon their nest after this.)
11. Why do you need to make bird feeders and feed them in winter?
(In winter, birds are afraid not of cold, but of hunger: it is difficult to find food under the snow.)
12. What do tits eat in winter, when all the insects are sleeping?
(In winter, tits look for hidden insects, their eggs, larvae in cracks and cracks in the bark of trees and eat them.)
13. Which tree is considered a symbol of Russia?
(Birch)

14. What is “ silent hunt"? (Mushroom picking)
15. Which bird is considered a symbol of wisdom and knowledge? (Owl.)
16. Who is called the forest doctor? (Woodpecker.)
17. What kind of wood are matches made from? (Aspens.)
18. Which of the animals are called by their patronymic? (To the fox.)
19. What bird can count the years of our life? (Cuckoo.)
20. What animal is national pride Russia? (Sable.)
21. Who is called the forest orderly? (Wolf.)

IX. Slide show.

Teacher:

The time has come to think: will future generations of the Earth survive, will children of the 21st century be able to swim in the river, the sea, walk in the forest, inhale the scent of flowers?

In a day, about 100 species of plants and animals disappear on Earth, the forest area is reduced by 15 million hectares and billions of tons of soil turn into dust.

Take care of your planet

After all, there is no other one in the world!

“Nature conservation is our concern”

Target: study global environmental problems existing in the world, what impact does economic activity people and how we can help preserve the environment

Tasks:

expand knowledge about the environment;

to cultivate a caring attitude towards the environment;

to form in children positive attitude to nature, norms of behavior in nature.

Teacher's opening remarks:

Our lesson is dedicated to ecology. 2013 - Year environmental protection in Russia, do you know what impact humans have on the environment? Having studied all the problems, let's think about what we can do to preserve our nature.

Progress of the class hour

Nature is everything that surrounds a person. Nature is divided into living and nonliving. It can be considered as the Universe, as the environment in which we live, as everything that exists. This one is natural environment, in the diversity of its manifestations, has a huge direct impact on humans.

« Environment » - it's more scientific concept. It characterizes natural natural conditions and the ecological state of a certain area. Even in ancient times, people began to notice patterns in the interaction of animals with each other and with their natural environment.

The relationship between man and nature should always be harmonious, because only this will ensure human health and the quality development of the entire society. Preserving nature in its original form is a reflection of the culture of each person and society as a whole.

World Environment Day introduced General Assembly UN in 1972, celebrated around the world June 5. This date was chosen to commemorate the start of the 1972 Stockholm Conference, which addressed the problems of the human environment.

This is a call on states and organizations to annually hold special events on this day to preserve and restore the environment.

Throughout life, the human body is constantly exposed to the environment. This affects vital activity, health and life expectancy.

Consumption of Earth's resources leads to depletion natural resources, which led to irreversible depletion of the lithosphere and biosphere.

Breeding domestic ungulates has led to the depletion of vegetation, which no longer has time to renew itself. Steppe or savanna gives way to semi-desert. Due to this impact of pastoralism, there has been an increase in the area of ​​the Sahara and its neighboring semi-desert zone- Sahel.

Waste, industrial and household by-products pollute the biosphere, cause deformation of ecological systems, disrupt the global cycle of substances and pose a threat to human health. You are probably familiar with these expressions: greenhouse effect, ozone holes, acid rain, smog.

Why does this happen?

The main sources are the combustion of fossil fuels, forest burning, emissions from industrial enterprises, the use of aerosols, car exhaust gases.

Environmental pollution is one of the most pressing problems; the composition of the atmosphere and climate are changing. Smog is very harmful to living organisms.

Acid precipitation falls to the Earth's surface along with rain, fog, snow or dust. Getting into the lakes acid precipitation often cause the death of fish or the entire animal population.

Changes in the atmosphere are also associated with the destruction of the ozone layer, which is a protective screen from ultraviolet radiation. The process of destruction of the ozone layer occurs especially quickly above the poles of the planet, where so-called ozone holes have appeared.

The “greenhouse effect” is formed from the concentration of toxic gases in the atmosphere and causes global warming, melting glaciers.

Pollution of natural waters. Humanity is almost completely dependent on land surface waters - rivers and lakes. The water of rivers and lakes covers the needs of humanity in drinking water, used for irrigation in agriculture, in industry, used for cooling nuclear and thermal power plants.

Humanity wastes 2200 km3 of water per year. Water consumption is constantly growing, and one of the dangers is the depletion of its reserves. For example, water withdrawal for irrigation from rivers Central Asia led to shallowing Aral Sea, which practically ceased to exist. From the bottom of the dry sea, salt is carried by the wind over hundreds of kilometers, causing salinization of the soil.

An equally formidable phenomenon is the pollution of freshwater reservoirs.

Pollution of water bodies occurs not only with waste industrial production, but also the ingress of organic matter, mineral fertilizers, and pesticides used in agriculture. When organic matter decomposes, many living organisms die and disappear valuable species fish, harmful substances accumulate in the tissues of organisms, sometimes this leads to mutation of living organisms.

The most dangerous environmental pollutants are thermal power plants, hydroelectric power stations and nuclear power plants, where huge volumes of fuel are burned. Millions of cubic meters of harmful and hazardous waste from the operation of thermal power plants almost entirely enter the natural environment.

Soils are another resource that is overexploited and polluted. The fertile layer of soil, if plowed incorrectly, is often washed away by precipitation ( water erosion), or is scattered by the wind (wind erosion), and ravines are formed. Soil erosion has become a worldwide scourge in the 20th century.

countries became the reason dust storms and the destruction of millions of hectares of the most fertile lands. Excessive irrigation, especially in hot climates, can cause soil salinization.

A decrease in forest area causes disruption of oxygen and carbon cycles in the biosphere. Although catastrophic consequences information about forests is widely known, their destruction continues. Forests on our planet cover an area of ​​about 42 million km2, but their area decreases by 2% every year,

Soil depletion and pollution. Imperfect agricultural production is the main reason for the reduction in the area of ​​fertile soils. When plowed improperly, the fertile layer of soil is often washed away by precipitation (water erosion), or scattered by the wind (wind erosion), and ravines are formed. Soil erosion has become a worldwide scourge in the 20th century.

Plowing of vast steppe areas in Russia and others
countries caused dust storms and the destruction of millions of hectares of fertile land.

Of particular danger are chemicals protection, especially organic compounds used in agriculture to control pests, diseases and weeds.

Excessive irrigation in hot climates can cause soil salinization. Radioactive contamination soil poses a great danger. Radioactive substances from soils enter plants, then into the bodies of animals and humans, accumulate in them, causing various diseases. Long-lived radioactive elements persist in ecosystems for hundreds of years.

Reduction of natural diversity. Extreme exploitation, pollution, and often just barbaric destruction natural communities lead to a sharp decrease in the diversity of living things. The extinction of large animals is dramatic, and they naturally need to be protected. Has disappeared from the face of the Earth over the past 300 years more types birds and mammals than in the previous 10,000 years.

What measures need to be taken to preserve our environment?

Such measures may be:

· Limiting emissions into the atmosphere and hydrosphere in order to improve the overall environmental situation;

· Environmental assessment of all types of production and industrial products;

· Creation of waste-free and low-waste technologies;

· Creation of nature reserves, sanctuaries and national parks for the purpose of preserving natural complexes;

· Limitation of fishing and hunting in order to preserve certain species;

· Restriction of unauthorized waste disposal, construction of special treatment plants;

· In agriculture, use organic fertilizers and observe crop rotation;

· Artificially restore deforested forests.

Now let’s ask ourselves this question: “What can I do to save the environment?”

Do not break trees or bushes;

Plant trees and flowers;

Do not torture animals and birds;

Collect waste paper (so that fewer trees are cut down).

Save natural resources(for example, water, electrical energy);

Use less chemicals and plastic;

Do not use substances that destroy the ozone layer;

Do not litter, maintain cleanliness and assist in cleaning up trash.

Final words from the teacher:

We now know what threatens our environment; if nature dies, we will die too. To prevent this from happening, a person must change his attitude towards nature. And for this it is necessary that every person accept active participation in preserving our natural wealth.

“Fish need clean water - we will protect our water bodies. There are various valuable animals in the forests, steppes, and mountains - we will protect our forests, steppes, mountains... For fish - water, for birds - air, for animals - forest, steppe, mountains. But a person needs a homeland. AND protect nature“means to protect the homeland.”

The changes observed in nature, caused by active human intervention, indicate the unsatisfactory state of industrial and technological practice, the education system, and the decline in the moral and spiritual level of man. In this regard, there is an urgent need to revise the entire system of knowledge about the world, man and society. In other words, an objective need arose to strengthen the fundamental basis of education, built on the basis of the organic unity of its natural science components. A person must see and realize his dependence on nature, of which he is an integral part. According to Bertrand Russell, nature obeys only by being subordinated to it. Only in this case, human knowledge and the power of nature are combined and transformed into a creative force. We can name two groups of reasons indicating the need to increase the role of the fundamental basis of education. The first group is associated with global problems of civilization, the current stage of development of which is characterized by the presence of signs of economic, environmental, and energy crises, as well as a sharp aggravation of national and social conflicts in many countries of the world. The second group is due to the fact that world community In recent decades, it has placed the priority of the individual at the center of the education system. The formation of a highly educated personality requires solving a set of interrelated problems. First, it is necessary to create conditions for harmonious relations between man and nature through the study of the fundamental laws that govern it. At the same time, it is extremely important not so much to understand the phenomena of nature in order to master them through reflection, but to preserve nature in its natural state for future generations. Secondly, a person lives in society and for his harmonious existence it is necessary to immerse himself in the cultural environment through the development of history, law, philosophy, economics and other sciences. The concept of fundamental education was first clearly formulated in early XIX V. philologist and philosopher Wilhelm Humboldt (1767–1835). According to this concept, the subject of study should be that fundamental knowledge that is born at the forefront of the development of science, and fundamental education should be combined with scientific research.

Such a progressive education system has been introduced in best universities peace. The problem of strengthening the fundamental basis of education is relevant not only for Russia, but also for other countries. Thus, in one of the reports of the US commission it was noted that America, as with the launch of the first Soviet satellite, is facing the threat of losing its level of education and may find itself among the countries that are not able to perceive the latest achievements in science, technology, technology, and the humanitarian sphere. for a very low level of mathematical and natural science education. IN official document The US National Commission on Quality in Education states: “The nation is in danger as the educational foundations of the state are undermined by an ever-growing tide of mediocrity that threatens the future of the nation and the country as a whole, and if an unfriendly power were to attempt to impose such a mediocre education system on America , which exists today, we would regard it as an act of war.” in one more important document– the UNESCO report emphasizes that for the development of the world “the only significant resources are knowledge, human ingenuity, imagination and good will; it becomes clear that without them no sustainable progress with regard to peace, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is possible; Education plays a decisive role in the development of these qualities.” An important role in fundamental education is played by natural scientific knowledge, which not only broadens the horizons of the learner, but also represents a sphere of active actions that determine the level of development of society. One of the paradoxes of historical development is that neither the consciousness of an impending planetary catastrophe, nor the comprehension of the idea sustainable development, nor the revision of the conceptual foundations of education have so far had almost no effect on the real behavior of states and human societies. The world keeps moving on dangerous path, bringing us all closer to the final brink - to the line beyond which there is no choice, no future, no person, and perhaps no life at all. Ten years after the adoption of the concept of sustainable development, in 2002, the UN World Conference on Sustainable Development, called the Earth Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro. It was attended by delegates from 189 countries and heads of over 100 states of the world. At this conference it was noted that over the past ten years much less has been achieved than expected. Consumer lifestyles continue to deplete the Earth's natural life-sustaining sources. Developed countries have not fulfilled their promises to step up action to protect the environment even in their own territories, let alone help developing countries. Representatives of many countries said that it is the residents of Europe and especially the United States, the so-called “golden billion,” who consume about 80% of the world’s energy resources, and therefore they must pay for it and help 2.5 billion people who cannot meet their needs even with clean water and electricity. It is clear that the root of evil lies not only in the thinking and behavior of individual people, but also in general political and economic relations. At the same time, cultural, spiritual and moral factors still play a huge role, aimed at eradicating the ruthlessly consumerist relationship of man and all humanity to nature. And the only force capable of organically, as if from within, transforming culture is, again, education on the fertile soil of upbringing. In this regard, it is necessary to radically restructure the teaching of fundamental sciences. One of the main tasks is to radically strengthen them ideological significance. In the concepts and concepts of fundamental disciplines it is necessary to see not only a scattering of knowledge, but also a holistic picture of the natural world, including its planetary changes. This means that fundamental knowledge should not be acquired in separate clusters, but in a single system - comprehensively. And to become familiar not only with its immediate meaning, but also as vitally important spiritual and moral values ​​and moral norms. The normative role of fundamental sciences in the formation of the spiritual and moral principles of human activity has not yet been fully comprehended by scientists themselves, much less it has not been mastered and is far from understood by politicians and tycoons of the business world. But you still can’t do without it. It is throughout the entire system modern education and spiritual and moral education, the sprouts of a new worldview can and should sprout. Scientists, teachers, all representatives of fundamental sciences are called upon to see the cardinal nature of the problem of the survival of man and humanity and to realize their responsibility for solving it. Today it is very important that, as in the years of the development of the Pugwash movement, outstanding representatives The scientific elite and the academic community as a whole took an equally decisive position in the fight against the impending catastrophe. And so that our contemporaries act as persistently as physicists in their time actively acted, who managed to convince the public and political circles of the need to stop the nuclear missile arms race and achieve a renunciation of the use of nuclear weapons. However, the efforts of scientists and teachers will be in vain if each person does not realize his share of responsibility for the decision global problem preserving life on our planet. "The future of the community as part of unified system biosphere, depends on when it understands its connection with Nature (God, Spirit, Higher Mind, World Information) and assumes responsibility not only for the development of society (what all the utopians strived for), but also the biosphere as a whole,” said Academician V.I. Vernadsky (1863–1945).

It is extremely important that a new worldview, based on a synthesis of the achievements of fundamental sciences and spiritual and moral values, permeate the entire system of training and education of the younger generation - from schools to universities. The first step in this direction has already been taken - students of higher education educational institutions study concepts modern natural science and ecology, and the study of Orthodox culture and secular ethics is gradually being introduced in schools. Considering practical significance natural scientific knowledge, it is advisable to do next step– include in the educational process high school disciplines that would integrate knowledge in various natural sciences on the basis of a holistic conceptual approach to the study of the properties of natural objects and fundamental laws. One of these disciplines may be, for example, modern natural science, which in its didactic content corresponds to the concepts of modern natural science for study by university students, and another equally important discipline is ecology. The introduction of these disciplines for high school students does not at all mean exclusion from educational process physics, chemistry and biology. This means that a variable approach is possible within the allocated training hours. For example, for schools with humanitarian and socio-economic areas, it is advisable to provide a larger volume of teaching hours for studying modern natural science, and for physics and mathematics schools to choose physics as a major along with mathematics, etc. Without a doubt, any person who has not only general conceptual natural scientific knowledge, but also has mastered moral rules, will certainly act in such a way that the benefit as a result of his action is always combined with a careful attitude towards nature and its conservation for both present and future people. future generations. Only in this case will the creative activity of each person make a tangible contribution to the stable balance of natural processes and the dynamic progressive development of the biosphere, which will move into a more ordered state - the noosphere, the sphere of reason.
Bibliographical references
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Textbook for universities, 12th ed. M.: Direct-Media, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Workshop, 6th ed. M.: Direct-Media, 2016.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Textbook for universities. M.: Direct-Media, 2015.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Workshop. M.: Direct-Media, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Textbook for bachelors. M.: Logos, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Technical means of information technology. 3rd ed. M.: Direct-Media, 2015.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Directory. M.: graduate School, 2004.

MKOU"Novokaykent Secondary School"

With. Novokayakent

Kayakent district Republic of Dagestan

(development for Knowledge Day for students in grades 5-11)

MKOU "Novokayakent Secondary School"

Umalatova Ravganiyat Biybulatovna

Novokayakent village

2017

Explanatory note

This class script"Nature Conservation, Science and Technology"It is recommended to conduct it as the first lesson for Knowledge Day on September 1. The scenario touches on environmental problems of nature, recommends the use of new technologies for nature conservation, and discusses the measures necessary for nature conservation. The script was developed for students in grades 5 - 11.

Target: consider environmental problems of nature, propose the use of new technologies for nature conservation and propose measures necessary for nature conservation.

Equipment: a projector and screen, computer, laptop or interactive whiteboard for demonstrating a presentation.

Class hour scenario “Nature conservation, science and technology”

In an immoral society, all inventions that increase man's power over nature are not only not good, but undoubted and obvious evil.

L. Tolstoy.

Hand class: Guys, our first class hour in 2017 is called

"Nature conservation, science and technology." Cool watch under this name are held in all schools of our large, vast country. The name was not invented in vain. We live with you in a century of great discoveries and technologies. These discoveries and technologies affect nature and humans. Today we will talk about nature, discoveries and new technologies

Presenter 1 : On January 5, 2016, Vladimir Putin signed a Decree on holding in 2017 Russian Federation Year of Ecology.

Presenter 2: The head of state ordered the formation of an organizing committee for the Year of Ecology. The head of the presidential administration of the Russian Federation, Sergei Ivanov, was appointed chairman. The Government has been instructed to ensure the development and approval of a plan of main activities for the Year of Ecology. The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are recommended to carry out the necessary activities within the framework of the ongoing Year of Ecology.

Presenter 1: On August 1, 2015, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree that 2017 in Russia will also be declared the Year of Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA). The event is timed to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the creation of our country’s first state nature reserve- Barguzinsky.

Presenter 2: Holding the Year of Protected Natural Areas will help attract public attention to the issues of preserving natural heritage. Specially protected natural areas- this is one of the most effective forms environmental activities, allowing for the complete or partial withdrawal of land from economic use and the preservation of biological and landscape diversity in Russia and on the planet as a whole.

Cl. hands: Nature is the primary source of satisfying the material and spiritual needs of people. Human society is surrounded everywhere by nature. We continuously interact with nature in all possible directions. Nature has a variety of meanings for humans: industrial, scientific, health, aesthetic and educational.

We live in a time when science and technology are highly developed. In our computer age, people cause great harm to nature.

Presenter 1: Thanks to centuries-old achievements of science and technology, we now have powerful tools to influence nature. Our achievements enable humans to invade the macrocosm and microcosm, influence the life of the biosphere, transform millions of virgin untouched lands into agricultural fields and monoculture gardens, randomly genetically modify many animal breeds and plant varieties, and create urban landscapes. By invading the life of nature, man often violates the eternal natural patterns, leads to life changes in the environment that are undesirable for him. Now people are faced with the urgent task of preventing the environmental crisis, strengthening nature conservation and wisely using its finite resources.

The progress of mankind is associated with the scientific and technological revolution. It was born slowly and gradually, so that now, in the new millennium, it can give rise to a gigantic ecological collapse.

On the one hand, we are witnessing a qualitative leap in the scientific and technical capabilities of humanity, on the other hand, we are observing a qualitative leap in the terrible means of destroying nature, in military affairs, which can wipe out all life from the face of the Earth.

Presenter 2 : The modern age of computer science and electronics, computers and robots leaves millions of people unemployed; the young and educated are forced to go to the market to trade. Wealth and power are increasingly concentrated in the hands of bankers and oligarchs. Militarism is swelling in the arms race, which ultimately seeks to seize the political levers of control. It really becomes terribly ugly and extremely dangerous monster XXI century. Through the efforts of the arms race, the most advanced scientific and technological achievements are turning into weapons of mass destruction of people. Both people themselves and the entire environment suffer from this.

Today, one thing becomes clear - scientific and technological progress must find an answer to the question: how to radically improve the use of non-renewable natural environmental resources, materials, raw materials, energy and fuel at all stages of production - from the extraction and processing of raw materials to the release of finished products. Environmental protection must be a top priority. It's time to reduce energy, material and metal intensity of production. Careful use of resources should become important source meeting people's needs for raw materials, fuel and energy.

Cl. hands : Guys, the ecological situation of our area is not in the best condition. Today our guest is an ecologist from our region. Let's give him the floor.

Ecologist : Speech by an ecologist on the ecological state of the area.

Cl. hands : Guys, you can ask questions to our guest.

Students : Students ask questions to the ecologist.

Cl. hands: Dear guys, each of us has mobile phones and smartphones. With their help you can do the world around us better. Guys, try to answer the question: are mobile technologies popular in our country? How do you think?

Students : (students’ answers)

Cl. hands: What are our gadgets capable of?

Student 1 : With the help of mobile technologies you can save forests from fires, protect animals, save trees, protect nature from garbage and much more.

Student 2 : Video cameras at base stations help monitor the forest. With their help you can determine the location of the fire. You can also use cameras to monitor rare animals in nature reserves. Video cameras are available in many regions of our country.

Student 3: Each student, being at home, can plant a tree,

through the Internet service “Plant a tree”. This helps restore fire-damaged forests.

Cl. hands: Guys, we are surrounded by heaps of garbage everywhere. There is a lot of garbage in the water. It's called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The exact size is unknown, there is a lot of plastic in it.

Scientists estimate that by 2050 there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish. What can you do to prevent this from happening? What is our situation? How can you help?

Students : We also have a lot of garbage.

Student 4: Take a photo and send it to authorities and environmental activists.

Student 5: Conduct clean-up days to clean yards, forests, and banks. Do not stand on the sidelines, but take an active part with the involvement of your comrades.

Cl. hands: What to do with collected garbage?

Student 6 : Sort and give to factories for processing. Obtain raw materials for new products, i.e. recycling.

Cl. hands: Guys, we all have a lot of unnecessary things at home, but what do you do with them?

Student 7 : We give it to those who need it. We give a second life to things.

Student 8 : We burn and poison the air with poisonous gases, so you can’t burn garbage. The garbage does not burn completely.

Student 9 : Throw it in the trash. Under natural conditions they decompose: food waste - from 2 to 5 weeks, a wool sock - 1 year, paper from 2 to 10 years, a tin can - 100 years, plastic bottle– 500 years, glass – more than 1000 years.

Cl. hands: Guys, many things contain toxic substances and should not be thrown away. They must be handed over to special collection points. Such things include light bulbs, thermometers, batteries, etc. Recycling things saves natural resources and wastes little water.

Cl. hands: There are a lot of new inventions to save energy. There are stations operating on environmentally friendly energy sources: solar panels, wind power plants.

Student 10 : In Khabarovsk, a young entrepreneur invented a backpack with built-in solar panels, from which you can charge your smartphone, tablet and laptop.

Student 11 . Once upon a time in the computer, atomic age
A sensible man walked through the forest.
He threw the cigarette butt into the grass under the bush,
He didn't think at all what would happen next.
But a fire broke out, a fire broke out,
And immediately the entire forest was engulfed in intense heat.
All the animals and birds hurried there,
Where the smartest oak grew by the pond.
The fire rushed after, the fire ate everything,
The oak tree began to burn with a red flame.
He suddenly groaned, for the first time in a century:
“Oh, what are you doing, reasonable man?

Student 12. And how much trouble you bring with you!
And how much misfortune is happening to you!
You hardly think about the future..."
The words froze in a broken phrase.
The ominous fire continued to devour the forest,
And the tiny bunny was waiting for miracles from the sky.
He raised his burnt paws to the sky.
“Save! Save! - he whispered quietly.
And the sky heard a thin call,
And she sent a cloud with rain and thunder.
Now the cloud has opened a retaliatory strike,
The raging fire did not soon subside.

Student 13. And how much trouble he managed to cause,
Although there might not have been a fire.
But just through the forest in the computer age
A smart and strong man walked.
And the tree wants it, the bird wants it
I turn to you, man, with all my heart.
“The planet is one, for you and for us.

Student 14. We need to take care of it not tomorrow - now!
You create miracles with new technology,
And you take the garbage to fields and forests.
Making a lot of discoveries in science,

You dirty water pouring into the seas.
Stop and think - nature is sick.
She needs your care today."
You need to love from childhood, you need to protect from childhood.
To leave a strong planet as a legacy.

Presenter 1: In Russianature conservation- a rather neglected matter. TOenvironmentalstudents are little involved in the work. Passive work of schoolchildren in circles of young ecologists, and the ineffective activities of “green” and “blue” patrols, which unite a small number of children. Who now, tell me, monitors the cleanliness of rivers, lakes and ponds, protects fish resources?

Student 15: There are fewer and fewer untouched places on the planet.

Lakes of oil are spilled across the tundra.

And hostile whirlwinds swirl from the pipes...

Wildlife is already half a corpse.

The man brought her to her knees.

We want to rake in more money.

And what after us?

Presenter 2 : The most important condition for overcoming the environmental crisis is the rapprochement between man andnature, searching for ways for them to live together. This is, first of all, expressed in the desire of many people to leave the city and live on their own land, to cultivate it with their own hands, and not with terrible agricultural machinery. This is how one is born true love Tonatureand friendship with her. This is how a new generation of people is born, capable of not only exploitingnature, but also to give oneself, one’s work, one’s life for the goodenvironment, for the goodnature.

Sources of information:

1. Sayings of the greats about nature.

2. 2017 - Year of Ecology in Russia

3. Poems about ecology