Red Mountain map of radioactive contamination. Map of radiation pollution in Russia

Radioactive waste dumps in the Moscow Region June 5th, 2011

Originally posted by Brodjagnik at Radiation, not only about Fukushima. Radiation pollution in the Moscow region.

Of course, I know a little more, but... I have to use an open seal. This is based on data from the early 2000s. As far as I know, decontamination work has continued on most of the anomalies all these years. So, the situation should clearly be better than in the data presented. But all these anomalies have not been completely deactivated.

1. Near Lake Solnechnoye in the city of Ramenskoye, near a popular recreation area, there is the largest radioactive waste disposal site known in the Moscow region, with an area of 1.2 hectares. There are no documents left about who and how the radioactive waste was buried. According to assumptions, this is waste from the Ramensky Instrument-Making Plant, the burial of which was carried out without an engineering design or any security measures. According to experts, about 5,000 tons of waste have accumulated in the landfill. The radium content in some samples exceeds the standard for solid radioactive waste by 33 times, radioactive contamination of some areas exceeds 3000 µR/h (background level - 20 µR/h). Waste is washed precipitation with the formation of an area radioactive contamination towards the floodplain of the Khripani and Moskva rivers. As a result of pedestrian gamma survey, contamination zones of 250-450 μR/h were identified 30-50 m from the landfill. Due to the particular danger of this contamination, the administration of the Moscow region decided to liquidate the burial site near Lake Solnechnoye and transport radioactive waste to MosNPO Radon. In 1995, work began on its implementation. One dangerous areal anomaly has been eliminated; work on the other two has not yet begun.
2. On the right bank of the Pakhra River, not far from settlements Shcherbinka, Kuchino and Zabolotye, a solid landfill is located household waste"Shcherbinka", where, since the 60s, the burial of radioactive waste from the Podolsk Chemical and Metallurgical Plant (PCMZ) has been officially permitted.
Waste dumping at the landfill began about ten years before the decision to open it. In 1969, the existing practice was only formalized. It is still unclear how much and in what type of waste was taken to the landfill. Neither PKHMZ nor other enterprises provided data on the nature and quantity of their radioactive waste.
In 1972, a decision was made to stop the disposal of radioactive waste at this site and a project for its conservation was developed, which included the construction of a six-meter dam on the Pakhra side, the laying of a drainage ditch and other measures. These works were completed in 1978 with significant deviations from the project. The insulating coating of the landfill turned out to be insufficiently reliable. During the gamma survey of the test site, areas with radiation of 2000-3000 μR/h were discovered. Radioactive contamination spread over a large area, including beyond the test site. In the bottom sediments of the Pakhra and Konopelka rivers opposite the test site, radioactivity is 10-20 times higher than background. It is possible that radionuclides may enter artesian wells used for drinking water supply.
3. Back in 1988, radioactive contamination was discovered in the Zhostovo quarry in the Mytishchi district. IN former quarry a reservoir about 10 m deep was formed, into which capsules with radioactive material were dropped. Radioactive contamination of the right bank of the reservoir reached 432 μR/h. Several more such capsules were found in the nearby forest. They created pockets of pollution with a radiation level of 5000 microR/h. Then they found the culprit of the pollution - a certain individual(this man was tried and imprisoned).
During the decontamination work, about 2 tons of radioactive soil were removed from the bottom of the reservoir. The reservoir itself and its coastal part were covered with clean sand. This object was fenced with barbed wire and began to be called the Zhostovo burial ground. It is located on the watershed of the Klyazma and Ucha rivers, 500 m from the Pirogovskoye reservoir and 1.5 km from the Moscow Canal. The power of gamma radiation on its surface reaches 80-100 µR/h in some places. The territory of the burial ground turned out to be within the boundaries of a garden and dacha cooperative and even began to be partially developed. Soil samples there showed that the standards for solid radioactive waste were exceeded by 4.5 times. The removal of radioactive contamination into the Pirogovskoye Reservoir and the Moscow Canal has not yet been observed.
4. Open joint stock company The "Machine-Building Plant" in the city of Elektrostal is a radiation and chemically hazardous production facility federal significance. The plant produces nuclear filling for nuclear power plants and ship reactor plants. The enterprise has a radioactive waste storage facility, built back in the late 40s without a protective waterproofing screen and located in a swampy area near the tributaries of the Klyazma River. This storage facility is a constant source of pollution environment, especially during the period of spring floods and snow melting. In 1950, the storage dam broke, resulting in the contamination of the adjacent swamp and the Khodtsa and Vokhonka rivers. Radioactive contamination was only discovered in 1989.
5. At the Podolsk Non-Ferrous Metals Plant (PZTSM) it was discovered in August 1989 and has been preserved to this day. emergency, which arose as a result of the melting of radioactive sources that arrived at the plant with scrap non-ferrous metals. The gamma radiation dose rate at the plant ranged from 150 to 800 µR/h. Emergency measures were immediately initiated at the plant: a regime was established radiation protection, areas of radioactive contamination have been fenced off, and a number of production facilities have been suspended. A complete medical examination of all personnel was carried out, pregnant and lactating women were removed from work, and the workers’ housing was inspected. They began to build a storage tank and clean up the plant area. All work was planned to be completed in 1991, but in November 1990 it was suspended due to the cessation of funding. Of the 13 tons of radioactive waste, only 2 tons were removed. With the current attitude of the federal government and current levels of funding emergency the plant will last for another 10-15 years. Recently, radionuclide sources were again discovered in one of the batches of scrap metal that arrived at the plant. It is possible that such cases have happened before and the identified accident is not the only one.
6. At the Mosrentgen plant in the Leninsky district, since the 50s, gamma installations were produced, during the production of which radioactive waste. There is no information about where and how they were removed. After the workshop stopped in 1973, it was simply covered with earth. As a result, a repository for a huge amount of radioactive waste with an area of half a hectare was formed on the territory of the plant, without special engineering protection. The radiation situation on it has been little studied. Areas of radioactive contamination up to 3000 µR/h were found on the surface of the burial ground. IN recent years It was established that radioactive contamination was spreading from the burial ground towards a cascade of ponds formed on the Sosenka River.

Information about the current situation can be found in the reports of the government of the Moscow region, I did not copy (many letters). It’s good that they try to fight this every year. True without federal aid this problem cannot be solved quickly.

On the left is shown the location of identified and decontaminated areas of radioactive contamination on the map of Moscow, presented in the form of points corresponding specified addresses. The number of such addresses is more than 1200.
On the right, interpolation of these points is shown with a lag of 1000 m, for a more visual representation of the places of greatest concentration of these points. Interpolation was carried out based on the density of points on the ground without taking into account their radiation weight. The interpolation scale is calculated in fractions of the average point density value.

Looking at left card, you can’t help but be horrified. What a nightmare! You can’t take a step in Moscow without running into radiation. It's actually not that bad. And one might even say it’s not terrible at all.
The fact is that contaminated areas are shown on the map as icons and, of course, not to scale. In fact, the decontamination area of the vast majority of sites is no more than 10 m. Let us also take into account that this area is taken with a reserve. So, if you depict contaminated areas to scale, almost nothing will be visible. True, there are exceptions.
So, in order to hang around near an infected place, you need to be very “lucky”. And if you just pass by, there will be nothing terrible.
Well, the most important thing is that these contaminated areas have been gone for a long time. All of them have been found and deactivated.
But here, as Muller used to say: “From here on, I ask for more details.”
Indeed, the areas shown here no longer exist - Radon works cleanly. However, this does not mean at all that there are no others. Moreover, these others may be in very close proximity to those already deactivated.
Although Radon's leadership is full of optimism. Here are excerpts from the site "gzt.ru":
At the end of November 2009, the head State Unitary Enterprise MosNPO "Radon" Sergey Dmitriev stated that the capital of Russia can lay claim to the title of one of the most radiation-safe cities in the world.
He said that from 1984 to 2009, Radon employees neutralized more than two thousand places, and The peak of detection of potentially dangerous areas has already passed by today.
Well, about “claiming the title” - I can also lay claim to the title of Pope, the question is whether anyone else will agree with this.
But regarding “the peak has already been passed”, clarification is required: the detection peak has been passed using the Radon NPO method. And since this technique was created, although respected, but still by people, and not by the Lord God, there are no guarantees of reaching the real peak.
Moreover, NPO Radon is a monopolist in this area. I don't want to say anything bad about this organization, but world science and practice knows no cases when a monopolist, wittingly or unwittingly, abuses his position.
And in this case, there is also an aggravating circumstance, namely the word “radiation”. Thoughts immediately come to mind: nuclear weapons, atomic submarines, defense enterprises, traitors to the Motherland - the highest measure, in general secret, secret, secret. And no matter what we're talking about about a banal landfill with old medical or welding equipment. All the same - shhh... Although Radon himself does not consider this information secret, they gave it to me, but he does not want to advertise it either.
And there is a reason - here is a quote from the same site "gzt.ru":
“The city authorities allocated more than 1 billion rubles for measures to ensure radiation safety in Moscow in 2010. This is slightly more than in 2009, when the city allocated 962.3 million rubles for these purposes.”
If I were allocated “more than 1 billion rubles,” I also wouldn’t want anyone to poke their curious nose into my work. Otherwise they will start checking and criticizing. Moreover, there will be weirdos who will claim that they can do the job just as well. Do I need this?
Of course, the collection, transportation and processing of radioactive waste is a very serious matter and you can’t entrust it to anyone. But detecting contaminated areas and drawing up a map of contamination is within the capabilities of many organizations and even the public.
Moreover, not everyone believes that everything is in order with radiation control in Moscow.
Head of Energy Program Greenpeace Russia Vladimir Chuprov:
“Greenpeace can state that the radiation monitoring system in Moscow is imperfect; moreover, there is no system for timely informing the population about sources of radiation pollution,” and recalled that environmentalists are for lately identified a number of serious violations in the management of radioactive waste in Moscow. RIA Novosti
It would probably be useful if all the data on such areas were brought together into one center, processed and posted on the Internet. The benefit would be enormous. Indeed, having seen such information in their area, concerned people with dosimeters will scour the area and expand or refute the original data. And then the same Radon will come to this place.

And here's a fresh example:
Komsomolskaya Pravda 21.05.2011
Greenpeace found radiation near Kolomenskoye
Its level exceeds the norm by 40-50 times
Environmentalists sounded the alarm in connection with the recording of excess background radiation near the world famous Museum-Reserve "Kolomenskoye".
IN Russian branch Greenpeace noted that radiation contamination was discovered far from a residential area, 100 meters from the Moscow River and from the museum itself.
Greenpeace program director Ivan Blokov said that radiation had increased due to waste that had been dumped long ago. The background reaches 600-800 micro-roentgens per hour, despite the fact that the norm for the capital is 12-20 micro-roentgens per hour.
“Access to areas of radioactive contamination is not limited by anything, except for torn tapes with the inscription “ Danger zone", hanging on nearby bushes and trees. There are no radiation hazard signs nearby. A new bridge is being built a couple of hundred meters downstream of the Moscow River,” Interfax quotes a Greenpeace report.
Ivan YURCHENKO
Note that it was discovered not by Radon, but by Greenpeace. I am sure that after the completion of decontamination is announced, people from Greenpeace will check the area. And if Radon had been discovered, everything would have been shut down.

But “Radon” has already been in Kolomenskoye before, here are the data for past times:
This is all to say that if we really want to cleanse Moscow of radiation, then we need to involve the public and stop hiding information.

Few Moscow residents are well acquainted with its history, and we are talking not only about famous cathedrals, architectural and art monuments, but also about more recent scientific objects of the Soviet period. This is not surprising, because most of the projects at that time were classified, only the top military leadership and a few scientists knew about them. Meanwhile, the legacy of that time, not always safe, becomes the object of scandals and accidents even today.

So, for example, have you heard that in Moscow, where more than 15 million people now live, there is a huge amount of radioactive waste. This is a legacy of the early years of the nuclear arms race. Soviet period. Of course, such information is not actively advertised even now, because it can cause panic in people, so, unfortunately, you need to take care of your health and safety yourself. Work on the territory former USSR The search for radioactive waste is being more actively carried out not only near plutonium reactors in Western Siberia and in the Urals, at the training ground in Kazakhstan, where the first Soviet atomic bomb(1949), but also in residential areas of Moscow! Close to schools, kindergartens, train stations and factories, roads and bridges. This is the payment that our generation has to pay for the success of the USSR in mastering the secrets of the atom. Any country that has a nuclear program faces a very difficult task in disposing of the waste and by-products of this activity, but in the Soviet Union nuclear development began in the very heart of the capital, in a densely populated city. However, in Stalin’s times, few people thought about the safety of future generations, and there was no scientific data on the effects of radiation on humans.

In Russia, a special government structure, engaged in the search and elimination of such unknown sources of radiation - “Radon”. Over the course of a year, more than 50 cases of discovery of burials of radioactive substances are revealed, which, it would seem, is not much for a city with a population of millions. But, as they say, the death of one person is a tragedy, the death of millions is a statistic. Who will bring back to life people who lived next to the source of radiation for decades and died from malignant tumors, will comfort mothers who gave birth to children with mutations? And who knows maybe there is such a radioactive burial ground near your house, but they haven’t found him yet?

Of course, Soviet scientists cannot be blamed for everything. The work was then carried out in an atmosphere of totalitarian secrecy, people did not fully understand the full danger of radiation, and a whole network of institutes and factories was created that worked for the defense industry. They didn’t think about what to do with the waste then; they were simply buried in vacant lots in the strictest secrecy (what if the enemy finds out about the advanced achievements of Soviet physics?!). Nowadays, luxury residential complexes are being built on these vacant lots, apartment buildings. Considering the cost square meter land in Moscow, it is unlikely that the radioactive site will be mothballed as unsuitable for life. Most likely, the results of the examinations will be hidden, officials They will receive bribes, and everyone will forget about the danger. These are the cruel realities of our time!

These days More than 1,200 radiation sources have already been found in Moscow, and the development of the city only makes the situation worse. Radioactive materials were stored in laboratories and factories; a significant part was exported to forests, which were then located outside the city limits. Moscow is growing, capturing new suburbs, and illegal radioactive dumps are found in the courtyards and next to the infrastructure of new buildings.

The operation of the first regional radiation storage facilities in Russia began only in 1961, at which time nuclear history powers lasted more than 20 years. The Chernobyl accident in 1986 only added to the problems, because then spontaneous fallout made vast areas throughout the country radioactive. Items taken by refugees from the contaminated area were not destroyed, as required by the instructions. Much of this was simply looted, and radioactive jewelry, furniture, and antiques ended up in the apartments of Muscovites and other residents of the Soviet Union.

According to experts from www.site, Moscow is one of the most dangerous cities in Russia in terms of radiation. Currently, there are more than 11 research centers operating on its territory. nuclear reactors, more than 2,000 organizations using up to 150 thousand sources ionizing radiation, among which 124 thousand have expired. Every year, up to 80 additional sources of ionizing radiation are identified in the city, which require serious decontamination work by professionals.

Not long ago, an abandoned radioactive burial ground was discovered on Marshal Rokossovsky Boulevard (“Green Hill”). Over 20 foci of severe pollution with gamma radiation with a power of up to 3 thousand microroentgens per hour were found. This exceeds nomu by 150 times! The burial ground was found back in 1988, and in 2008 it was planned to build a residential building on this site, and only violent protests from environmentalists and publicity in the press prevented the blasphemous plan from coming true. Investors decided that few people would want to live in a house built on a radioactive waste dump, which everyone knew about, and they canceled the project.

In 2004, several areas of severe radioactive contamination were also identified in the area of the Strogino station. It was found that previously contaminated pipes were stored at these sites, so the radiation passed into the soil. Decontamination work was carried out, as a result of which the contaminated soil was removed outside the city, and the radioactive background was brought back to normal. But who will guarantee that the houses that were built on this site two years later are harmless to the health of the residents? There have been no special studies on this topic, and according to scientists, small doses of radiation acting over a long period of time lead to serious disturbances in human DNA, and will affect our children and grandchildren.

If you look at a map of Moscow, you can see that dangerous discoveries are being made throughout the city: from the outskirts of the Kremlin, metro stations to outlying residential areas. So how can you protect yourself and your family from the capital’s radioactive past? For this it is desirable. This small device will be able to warn you in time about a dangerous source of infection. Under no circumstances should you buy an apartment in a new building or on the secondary market without examining the radiation background of the area. Using the radiometer is very simple: you just need to press one button, and it will show the excess of real values over the natural background radiation. Take care of the safety of your home yourself, because no one will do it for you.

Map of radioactive contamination in Moscow. Areas with very strong radiation levels are indicated in red, while areas with moderate levels are indicated in green.

Location: Moscow, block 8 “b”, Marshal Rokossovsky Boulevard

Back in 1986, a strong background radiation was discovered here. The place is beautiful, its center is a picturesque hill called Green Hill. Children play, adults walk. No one knew that the hill arose on the site of a radioactive material dump. In the 60s, waste from military facilities and enterprises was transported here, to a deep ravine outside of what was then Moscow. In 1988, during a detailed examination, it was determined that the dose of gamma radiation on the surface exceeded the norm by 200 times. The main component of the landfill is the radionuclide radium-226.
Special enterprise “Radon”, engaged in recycling and neutralization nuclear waste, immediately sent a report to management. For ten years the papers lay motionless. During this time it fell apart Soviet Union, we began to live in another country. And only in 1998 did they begin reclamation - 430 kilograms of radioactive waste and 10 tons of soil were removed. According to experts, this mess was quite suitable for filming science fiction film, in the documents it is referred to as “clumps of yellow-green mass” and “permanent light mass”.
This means radioactive. After this, Green Hill acquired its former picturesque appearance. She was even officially declared part of natural complex, a green corridor between the forests of Izmailovsky Park and Losiny Island.
Then the Moscow authorities came to their senses, and 5 years later the State Sanitary Inspectorate recognized that the soil here at a depth of up to 6 meters belongs to the category of “extremely dangerous”, and in a layer from 6 to 10 meters - “dangerous”. The conclusion on the sanitary-chemical study of soils states: “A significant amount of mercury, arsenic, lead, zinc, benzopyrene and other hazardous components.”
At the same time, a decree of the Moscow government appeared on comprehensive reclamation of an area of almost 6 hectares. They decided and even determined the volume of soil to be removed - “2,500 cubic meters of radioactively contaminated and 27,600 cubic meters of chemically contaminated soil.” toxic waste" 4 months were allotted for a considerable amount of work. At 2003 prices, costs were estimated at 1 billion rubles.
Only the resolution remained on paper.
In 2006, an investor appeared - a large construction company. She pledged to reclaim the land and build a new residential complex and a giant underground garage on the vacant site. It would seem an ideal option for both the city treasury and the company. Over the course of a year, they dug up the hill and removed the soil - now there is a deep pit there, with water splashing.
But then the residents of the surrounding houses rebelled. Over the years they have calmed down, deciding that nothing threatens them. Now it turns out that there is still a lot of poison, and they are still digging it up. Some people naively think: don’t wake up the devil while he sleeps quietly. For a year they have been fighting with the Moscow mayor's office and builders. Recently we held another picket and came out with posters: “We need a park area, not a construction site on land contaminated with radioactive and chemical waste!”, “We don’t want to die because of the irresponsibility of officials!”
Moscow Government and Moscow city council, in turn, are dissatisfied with the reaction of the population and suspect the machinations of the political opposition.
“Previously, the authorities were criticized for inaction,” said Vera Stepanenko, chairman of the Moscow City Duma Committee on Environmental Policy, indignantly. - Now that the opportunity has arisen to remove sources of radiation contamination, they are criticized for starting to remove them. Any statements must be supported by documentation; they must be spoken substantively and officially.”
Greenpeace representative Vladimir Chuprov objects to her. “Mistakes were made during the reclamation of this plot of land,” he claims. - In particular, they excavated a pit, which was soon flooded with water. If not all radioactive soil was removed during the work, then the water in the pit contains radionuclides. And this is a completely different situation in terms of danger, since liquid radioactive waste is much more difficult to dispose of. In addition, there is a possibility of a wider spread of radioactive contamination in the capital.”
According to building codes and regulations (SNiP), construction on reclaimed land is permitted only after 10-15 years. True, whether there are rules and regulations now is unknown. I remember two years ago, Deputy Prime Minister Medvedev (now president) was very surprised that the old SNiPs were canceled, but the new ones were never adopted. That is, they work like left leg wishes?
At least when it comes to radiation safety, there is no certainty.
Four years ago Alexander Barinov, chief engineer Moscow branch of Radon, said that it had been discovered in Moscow more than 1200 radiation sources, for the safety of which no one is responsible. In the fifties and sixties, radioactive materials were buried in nearby forests and ravines. Now there are already old, settled areas of the capital with millions of inhabitants. The banks of the Likhoborka River are a receptacle for thousands of tons of waste; the districts of Kolomenskoye, Brateevo, and Western Butovo have a bad reputation. Memorial complex Pobeda on Poklonnaya Hill - on the site of a former radioactive dump.
However, a Moscow map of radioactive contamination has not yet been compiled or made public. Last year, the Federal Targeted Radiation Safety Program was adopted. But it is classified. It is only known that it lists 1,482 radiation-contaminated areas of the country.
Operating nuclear research facilities also pose a danger to Moscow. Almost all of them were designed and built in the 60-70s of the last century and are outdated.
“Today the Kurchatov Institute poses the greatest danger,” says Vera Stepanenko, chairman of the Moscow City Duma Committee on Environmental Policy.
This is the only large operating reactor in Moscow. Another 18 enterprises have research facilities. It is unknown what condition they are in. Deputy Stepanenko admits that the Moscow government cannot control them and has no authority, since these institutions and enterprises are under federal subordination and are protected by a system of secrecy.
Moscow

A selection of materials about the radiation background and radiation situation in Moscow for residents and guests of the city. Unfortunately, large metropolitan areas have an increased background radiation, which in the vast majority of cases is not associated with an accident or the movement of radioactive dust from the zone of radiation contamination, but is determined a large number building materials with increased natural radioactivity (granite, crushed stone, etc.), the location of hazardous industrial facilities within the city, vehicle emissions, emissions from operating urban thermal power plants.

1. Who, with what and where controls the radiation situation in Moscow

Directly in the city of Moscow, the analysis of the radiation situation is carried out by the State Unitary Enterprise MosNPO “Radon”, which works under the “Moscow Radioecological Monitoring Program”, agreed with the city government.
Radiation situation in the city of Moscow is assessed by measurements of background radiation, and by sampling the environment and analyzing the content of cesium-137, strontium-90 and other natural and artificial radionuclides. At 150 points in Moscow, samples of soil, grass, air, precipitation (snow, rain), leaves are taken, and at 60 points water bodies water samples are taken from the city. This makes it possible to monitor the condition of urban environmental objects.
Background radiation is monitored in Moscow using a special automatic monitoring network. As in the modern exclusion zone, a network of points has been equipped throughout the city of Moscow Automated system control of the radiation situation (ASKRO), which allows automatic mode receive information from 50 points in Moscow at half-hour intervals. The measurement points are presented on the ASKRO map of the city of Moscow.

Map of location of ASKRO points in Moscow

Some installation locations of ASKRO sensors in Moscow:
st. Gamaleya;
Kotelnicheskaya embankment;
7th Rostovsky Lane;
st. Aviation engine;
st. Timiryazevskaya;
st. Navy;
Vosstaniya Square;
Kapotnya, 3rd quarter;
st. Izhora;
Sadovnicheskaya embankment;
MKAD, sh. Enthusiasts;
MKAD, Kashirskoe highway;
MKAD, Warsaw highway;
MKAD, Profsoyuznaya street;
MKAD, Leninsky Prospekt;
MKAD, Mozhaiskoe highway;
MKAD, Leninskoe highway;
Chernomorsky Boulevard;
WWII Museum;
Okhotny Ryad;
Metro "Kashirskaya", etc.

According to official data, samples are analyzed in certified laboratories using spectrometric equipment from Camberra. Sample analysis methods are certified by the State Standard of Russia.
System radioecological monitoring Moscow allows you to determine the global fallout of radioactive substances, man-made and natural radionuclides, and with the help of an integrated system determines the dose load (exposure levels) of the population of the city of Moscow.

2. Maps of radiation pollution of the city of Moscow

Based on the results of the analysis of data from studies of samples for the content of radionuclides, MosNPO "Radon", using a special geo-information model of the city of Moscow, creates maps of radionuclide contamination of the city of Moscow. The map below shows the distribution of densities of radioactive contamination in water. The data is normalized to the control levels.

Map of radiation contamination of the territory of the city of Moscow

At the same time, scientists who have compiled conditional card cities demonstrating general radiation conditions. Ecologists have divided the territory of the Moscow region into zones - especially clean, clean, fairly clean, especially polluted, polluted, heavily polluted and crisis.

Map of radiation risks in Moscow and the Moscow region. Ecologists' assessment scheme.

Moscow has large number places with extremely high levels of background radiation. These are the consequences of the work of scientific and military institutions that used radioactive substances for your work. There are many different cards dedicated to this issue. Map of the location of areas of radiation contamination in Moscow different types radionuclides - Cesium, Thorium, Uranium, Radon...

Map of the location of radioactin sources for cesium, thorium, radon and uranium in the city of Moscow

Below is a map of areas with high level radiation contamination, which were identified in the 80s of the last century. Pay attention to the red dots - these are areas where EDR levels were above 1 Roentgen per hour. According to the map, all such areas have been decontaminated.

Map of the location of highly radioactive sites in the city of Moscow

3. The significance of background radiation on the roads and squares of Moscow

Background radiation monitoring sensors are installed in crowded areas, and production (industrial) areas are especially monitored. According to MosNPO "Radon", the equivalent dose rate in residential areas of Moscow is 0.09 μSv/h (9 μR/hour), the central part of Moscow is 0.108 μSv/h (10.8 μR/hour), but in some places maximums 0.202 μSv/h (20.2 μR/hour). The average DER value in industrial areas is 0.09 μSv/h (9 μR/h). In Zelenograd 0.07 μSv/h (7 μR/hour).

Please note — the levels of background radiation components are absolutely safe for children and adults 30 microR/hour.

According to other data, MEPhI, background radiation in the city of Moscow in open areas is 8 - 12 microR/hour. But background radiation levels in Moscow can differ by orders of magnitude. So, according to http://gorobmen.spb.ru, the background radiation in the area of Moskovsky Prospekt ranges from 10 to 16 microR/hour, places where there are sources where the EDR reaches 1000 microR/hour have been identified (Tipanova and Blagodatnaya streets).
Important to know background radiation in recreation parks in Moscow, where adults and children spend a lot of time clean air. According to the eco-rating of Moscow parks, the radiation situation in them is as follows: