Normal stool for a 4 year old child. Pasty stool in a child: causes and methods of treatment

The first year of life is the most important stage little things in life. During these 12 months, he will learn to walk, pronounce his first words and understand the meaning of adult speech. However, the health of the child is of paramount importance for every parent.

Some pathological changes noticed in children under one year old and corrected in time will remind of themselves only by recording in medical card. Exactly scheduled medical examination children allows you to monitor their growth and development, monitor changes in a small body and prevent the negative consequences of diseases.

What does medical examination consist of?

Medical examination of infants is a monthly visit to doctors necessary to monitor the development of all systems of the baby’s body and receive answers to questions about care that interest parents.

Dispensary observation is carried out thanks to a birth certificate - a document that is issued to a woman during pregnancy. Certification is provided for by the state project “Health”, which obliges parents and doctors to conduct a series of examinations of a baby up to one year old.

The medical examination plan involves a monthly examination by a pediatrician, as well as some specialized specialists during a certain period of time. Let's look at everything in more detail and consider each stage of the process.

First stage: observation in the maternity hospital

Literally immediately after birth, the child falls into the hands of a neonatologist, who examines the mucous membranes, checks the heartbeat, listens to breathing and checks basic reflexes. If there are no pathologies, the baby is washed, the necessary treatment is carried out and swaddled.

The fourth day of life for full-term babies (and the seventh for premature babies) is marked by taking the first test (blood from the heel) for a screening test. This test aimed at early detection of such genetic diseases in newborns, as:

cystic fibrosis;
phenylketonuria;
congenital hypothyroidism;
galactosemia;
adrenogenital syndrome.

If a child is suspected of having one of these ailments, parents are notified of the need to undergo the test again to refute or confirm the diagnosis.

Second stage: monitoring the development of a child up to one year in a children's clinic

This stage lasts the whole year and is divided into two periods: observation up to six months and from 6 to 12 months. However, this does not mean that you only need to visit the doctor twice; examinations are carried out every month.

After discharge from the maternity hospital, a nurse and a doctor from the children's clinic come to the newborn's home, examine him and tell the mother about the features of caring for the baby.

1 month

At one month, the baby and his mother go to see the pediatrician on their own for the first time. The doctor performs:

posture check;
palpation internal organs;
checking the fontanel;
assessment of sensory organ development;
examination of the scrotum in boys;
a set of procedures that will be repeated monthly: examination of the skin, fontanel, weighing and measuring height, head and chest circumference, measuring body temperature.

In addition to the pediatrician, the baby and mother will have to go to some specialists:

surgeon;
traumatologist-orthopedist;
neurologist;
ophthalmologist

Before visiting these specialists, it is necessary to undergo ultrasound examinations of the brain, heart, liver, kidneys and hip joints.

The surgeon performs:

assessment of the structural features of the skeleton and musculoskeletal system;
identification of pathologies: hernia, neck injuries, dislocations, etc.;
examination of the genitals.

If there are appropriate indications, the surgeon may recommend that the baby undergo therapeutic massage, exercise therapy, or swimming.

An orthopedic traumatologist, having familiarized himself with an ultrasound of the hip joints and conducted an examination, records changes in the structure and checks for the presence of dysplasia, the timely treatment of which helps to avoid problems in the future. In the absence of proper treatment, with age comes pain and gait disturbances due to limited joint movement, which can lead to disability.

A neurologist performs a monthly examination to:

assessments neuropsychic development crumbs;
collecting information from parents and assessing the child’s behavior based on them;
identifying a risk group in the presence of deviations.

It is better to visit an ophthalmologist at the turn of 1–2 months. The doctor will evaluate:

visual acuity, how much the baby fixes his gaze on an object;
condition of the muscles, lacrimal ducts, eyelids and fundus.

2 months

At two months, only a standard medical examination by a pediatrician is performed.

3 months

At three months, the pediatrician takes the necessary measurements to assess the baby’s development, and also gives directions for a number of examinations:

general blood test;
general urinalysis;
examination by a neurologist.

A complete blood count involves taking blood from a child’s finger. To obtain objective results, it is better not to feed the baby for an hour or two before taking the test.

A urine test is usually taken in a laboratory early in the morning. You can collect the urine in a clean bowl, and then pour it into a special jar, or use a urine bag for babies.

A neurologist examines the child to determine the level of his psychomotor development.

4–5 months

At 4 and 5 months, the baby visits the pediatrician for a standard examination.

6 months

Six months is the next milestone for undergoing a comprehensive examination by specialized specialists, including:

neurologist;
ophthalmologist;
otolaryngologist;
cardiologist.

Neurologist in once again compares indicators of psychomotor development with the age norm.

The ophthalmologist takes repeated measurements of the refraction of the eyes and compares them with indicators five months ago to assess the dynamics, and also identifies the presence or absence of strabismus.

The ENT carries out the following actions:

examines mucous membranes and gives recommendations for their care;
tests hearing;
examines the ears to prevent otitis media.

A cardiologist, based on an ECG and his own examination of the baby, excludes or confirms the presence of heart defects and other heart diseases. The examination is also carried out with the aim of timely detection of rheumatism and diffuse diseases in the child. connective tissue, arthritis and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

7 and 8 months

At 7 and 8 months, examinations by specialists are not carried out, unless, of course, there are indications and a referral from a pediatrician.

9 months

After a standard examination, the pediatrician sends the baby to the dentist. The doctor examines the oral cavity to:

detection of pathologies on the tongue, gums, uvula, frenulum of the tongue;
identifying irregular or delayed teeth eruption.

The dentist also informs parents about proper care for teeth and oral cavity, gives recommendations to reduce the baby’s discomfort during teething.

10 and 11 months

10 and 11 months are the time for regular visits to the pediatrician to monitor the dynamics of the baby’s growth and development.

12 months

At one year old, the baby will have to go through the last stage of medical examination. It includes the passage of such specialists as:

neurologist;
surgeon;
orthopedist;
ophthalmologist;
dentist;

Also per year they rent general tests urine and blood, if necessary, ultrasound examination is performed.

There is no need to keep in your head all the information described above about the periods of examination by narrow specialists; if necessary, such a table will come to your aid.

Medical examination of children in the first year of life is a very important process for the health of the baby, so it should not be neglected. Even if it’s summer and you want to go on vacation with your baby, calculate the time so that you can visit the specialists on time. Remember that timely treatment of diseases identified during infancy can save the child from health problems in the future. May your children always be happy and healthy.

The first year of life is very important for a baby, because it is during this period that the formation of all systems and organs of the child’s body occurs.

The baby’s nervous system and its physical parameters are developing rapidly.

These indicators determine the health of the child. Regular visits to the clinic throughout the first year of life are essential, even if your child is absolutely healthy.

Purpose of visit to doctors at 1 month of age

The main tasks of medical examination of children are monitoring their development over time, timely implementation of health-improving and preventive measures.

Until one month you were examined by a pediatrician at home, and now you must make your first visit to his office. But it is even more important that at this age you are consulted by other specialists: a neurologist, an orthopedist, an ophthalmologist, an ENT doctor, a surgeon.

The purpose of these consultations is to identify previously unnoticed abnormalities and diseases. By identifying any abnormalities in the early stages, you can prevent the development of the disease, and if you have an existing disease, you can begin to treat it as early as possible and, accordingly, more effectively.

Neurologist

The neurologist will conduct a comprehensive examination of your child: evaluate muscle tone, neuropsychic development, formation of motor functions, will check innate reflexes. It is at the age of 1 to 2 months that perinatal (arising during pregnancy and childbirth) lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) are most often detected. These include: increased neuro-reflex excitability and central nervous system depression syndrome.

It is very important to diagnose and begin treatment in the first months of life, since at this time the nervous system is still maturing, and its impaired functions can easily be restored. The vast majority of deviations from the neurological norm at the age of one month and a little more are reversible.

A neurologist will definitely give you a referral for neurosonography (ultrasound of the brain). Sometimes such an examination is carried out in the maternity hospital, and it is repeated every month as prescribed by the doctor. Ultrasound allows you to determine possible changes in the structure of the brain: malformations, vascular cysts, enlargement of the ventricles of the brain (hydrocephalus), intracranial hemorrhages, hypertensive syndrome (increased intracranial pressure).

Orthopedist

First of all, an orthopedic specialist should check the baby for hip dysplasia, since their improper development or underdevelopment in children 1–2 months old is by no means a rare phenomenon.

The doctor will examine the symmetry of the gluteal folds and evaluate the parameters of the abduction of your child’s legs in the hip joints. If hip dysplasia is detected in such early age, when the joints are still forming, it can be corrected non-surgically.

If this is not done in time, improper formation of joints can lead to dysfunction lower limbs child.

In addition, the orthopedist excludes the possibility of developing congenital and acquired pathologies such as dislocations, clubfoot, and torticollis.

Surgeon

The purpose of examining a one-month-old baby by a surgeon is to identify diseases such as hemangioma (vascular skin tumor), inguinal or umbilical hernia (protrusion of part of organs or tissues through weak areas on the anterior abdominal wall), in boys - cryptorchidism (undescended testicles into the scrotum) and phimosis ( narrowing of the foreskin).

Very often in clinics the specialties of a surgeon and an orthopedist are combined by one doctor.

Oculist (ophthalmologist)

At the age of one month, the baby should have the skill of focusing his gaze on an object. This ability will be checked by an ophthalmologist. In addition, the specialist will examine the fundus of the small patient to identify pathologies of the retina and check the patency of the nasolacrimal ducts.

Changes in the early stages can be treated conservatively (non-surgically). This allows you to avoid further violations of eye function and the development of complications from the organ of vision.

ENT doctor

In the first or second month of life, a doctor who monitors the proper functioning of children's ears, nose and throat may prescribe a special test to identify possible hearing pathologies. After all, already at this age, an ENT specialist may suspect a decrease in the baby’s hearing (hearing loss).

Early diagnosis of this disease is very important, since hearing loss in the future can lead to delays in speech and mental development. Even such young patients are successfully treated and rehabilitated for this disease.

Health groups

Based on the results of an examination by specialized specialists, the pediatrician evaluates the child’s health in its entirety and, based on this assessment, determines the health group.

There are 5 health groups in total:

First, the child is absolutely healthy, physical and neuropsychic development corresponds to age;
The second is children with minor deviations from the norm or at risk of developing pathologies;
The third group includes children with chronic diseases in remission, with rare exacerbations;
Fourth - children with chronic diseases or significant deviations from the norm;
Fifth - disabled children or children with chronic diseases(frequent exacerbations and severe course).

Based on this, each child is given a period of observation by the attending physicians, health measures are developed (massage, hardening, physical therapy), individual recommendations are given regarding the daily routine, methods physical education etc.

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A complete list of all the doctors that a baby should undergo in the first year of life by month

During the first year of life, mother and child should regularly visit various doctors who will monitor the baby’s development.

First medical examination in the maternity hospital

The first medical examination of a newborn baby is carried out immediately after birth in the maternity hospital by a doctor called a neonatologist, he evaluates general condition child and Apgar scores.

Over the next 4-5 days, while the mother and baby are in the maternity hospital, the neonatologist visits the baby daily, examining and monitoring the condition of the newborn. If necessary, the neonatologist can prescribe laboratory blood tests, consult doctors of a more narrow specialization, and give the baby a referral for an ultrasound scan of the brain.

When a woman and her baby return home, during the first month of life they are regularly visited by a pediatrician and a visiting nurse from a children's medical institution. The doctor visually examines the child, checks his reflexes, feels the fontanel, gives the mother necessary advice and takes measurements of head and chest circumference.

Important!

The nurse shows the new mother how to handle the umbilical cord, clean the sinuses and ears, swaddle and bathe the baby.

Table for examination of infants by doctors in the first year of life

Child's age	Which doctors should you go to?
1 month	Neurologist Ophthalmologist Otolaryngologist
2 months
3 months	Neurologist
4 months
5 months
6 months	Neurologist
7 months
8 months
9 months	Dentist Neurologist
10 months
11 months
12 months	Neurologist Ophthalmologist Otolaryngologist Dentist Psychiatrist (if indicated)

Admission at 1 month

Once the baby reaches one month of age, visits from the clinic stop. The time has come for the first scheduled examination with the local pediatrician. During the appointment, the doctor conducts visual inspection child, listens to his lungs and bronchi, checks the condition of the mucous membranes of the nose and oral cavity, assesses how long the fontanelle has tightened, listens to the mother’s complaints, sends him to the vaccination office and tells which doctors the baby should undergo.

The nurse measures the baby's growth, head and chest circumference, and weighs it.

The baby should undergo similar examinations with a pediatrician every month so that the doctor can monitor the baby’s development, evaluate his parameters and the general condition of the body before vaccination.

Along with visiting the pediatrician, at the age of 1 month, the baby must undergo certain specialists:

neurologist;
ophthalmologist;
surgeon;
orthopedist;
otolaryngologist.

These inspections are mandatory, regardless of complete absence complaints from parents and satisfactory condition of the baby. A competent specialist will be able to identify even a slight deviation from the norm in the baby’s development, make the correct diagnosis and prescribe timely treatment.

Neurologist

An examination by a neurologist is mandatory for infants and should be carried out regularly, once every three months. Such frequent visits to the doctor are completely justified, since the neurological condition of the baby changes quite quickly, he grows rapidly, he acquires new skills and abilities. A neurologist is able to assess the development of a child, his psycho-emotional state, promptly detect the onset of pathology and indicate to parents what they need to concentrate on in the future.

During an examination at one month of age, the neurologist evaluates the newborn’s reflexes, pays attention to muscle tone, the child’s posture, the shape of his head, the condition of the fontanel, skin color and facial expression.

If necessary, the neurologist is obliged to send the newborn for a repeat ultrasound of the brain, which will reveal changes in its structure and exclude the formation of cysts, hydrocephalus and high intracranial pressure.

Ophthalmologist

The first time an ophthalmologist examines the baby in the maternity hospital to rule out the presence of visual pathologies. At the 1 month appointment, he examines the inner surface of the newborn's eyeball and checks for a predisposition to strabismus.

Surgeon

The surgeon’s appointment is carried out to detect various pathologies of internal organs, umbilical and inguinal hernias, torticollis and vascular formations on the child’s body and head. The surgeon should refer the baby for an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity to ensure that the internal organs are in place and functioning normally.

Orthopedist

An orthopedic doctor pays attention to the child’s musculoskeletal system, to the presence of abnormalities such as congenital hip dislocation, torticollis or clubfoot. The orthopedist must check the symmetry of the folds on the baby’s legs, buttocks and arms, control their flexion and extension, rule out rickets in the newborn, and if a disease is suspected, prescribe blood tests and ultrasound of the hip joints.

Otolaryngologist

The first hearing examination in newborns is carried out in the maternity hospital, but at a scheduled appointment in the clinic, the otolaryngologist must repeat the audio screening and, if any abnormalities are detected, send the baby for further examination to the audiological center.

Admission at 3 months

The baby is three months old and is again awaiting a short medical examination. This time, in addition to the next appointment with a pediatrician, he needs to get a consultation with a neurologist and an orthopedist.

For a baby who has reached the age of three months, an examination by a neurologist is very important. At this stage, the child’s innate reflexes have practically died out, he learns to grasp objects, perks up when familiar faces appear, holds his head in an upright position and tries to lift it from a position lying on his stomach. If these skills are absent or poorly developed, the neurologist should advise the baby’s parents to undergo a course of massage or physiotherapy to relax his muscles and relieve increased tone.

At 3 months, the orthopedic doctor re-examines the child for abnormalities in the development of the hip joints. At the beginning of life, the baby’s body is in a phase of active growth, and the orthopedist must assess how correctly his musculoskeletal system is being formed and how the load on the joints is being distributed. Sending the baby for an ultrasound of the hip joints will help control the process of formation of the ossification nucleus in the femoral head and avoid disturbances in the development of the musculoskeletal system.

Rickets

At the appointment, the orthopedist must check the baby for signs of such a serious disease as rickets:

worn out hair on the back of the head;
sweaty palms;
non-overgrowing fontanel;
protruding ribs;
increased excitability.

Rickets occurs against the background rapid growth body and is characterized by a violation of mineral metabolism.

Rickets negatively affects the baby's musculoskeletal system, making bones fragile and muscles weak, dooming the baby to a life with serious consequences.

Often, rickets can be detected in children aged 1 month to one year.

To prevent the disease rickets, the doctor prescribes the child to take vitamin D3 in preventive doses, 1-2 drops, and if there are signs of it, in therapeutic doses, 6-10 drops.

With timely treatment of rickets, in the vast majority of cases it is possible to avoid skeletal deformities in the child and disorders of his nervous system.

Admission at six months of age

At the age of 6 months, the baby is again awaited by a neurologist, surgeon and orthopedist. By this period, the baby has already learned a lot, he independently rolls over from his back to his tummy and back, lying on his stomach, leans on his hands and raises his head and shoulders high, and some young talents are already trying to stand near the support. The baby confidently holds a rattle in his hands and is able to transfer it from one hand to another, and the most developed children know how to sit, leaning on the back of a sofa or chair.

A neurologist should assess the child’s acquired skills, his psycho-emotional state and muscle tone when visiting a medical facility at 6 months.

The surgeon and orthopedist must rule out rickets and pathologies of the hip joints, check the baby’s musculoskeletal system, his ability to lean on his legs, roll over and sit down while holding the hands of an adult.

Checkup at 9 months

By 9 months, mother and baby visit the dentist for the first time, even if the baby does not have a single tooth. The pediatric dentist will assess the condition of the oral cavity and give the mother necessary recommendations for her care and examine the frenulum of the tongue, which is responsible for the child’s future speech.

The neurologist again evaluates the baby’s new skills, his ability to stand and move with the help of his parents, checks his development fine motor skills, is interested in what words and syllables the child knows and whether he can repeat simple movements after adults.

Doctor visits per year

The list of doctors for a medical examination of a child who has reached the first milestone is practically no different from the list given to him at the age of one month, except that it includes a dentist. As a rule, by 12 months, the baby has from 4 to 12 teeth; the dentist needs to evaluate their health and check the correctness of the child’s bite.

An examination by an orthopedist is very important for a one-year-old baby, since the baby is already confidently standing on his feet and moving around on his own or with the help of adults. At this appointment, the orthopedist must check how the baby places his legs and rests on his feet, determine the proportionality of his body and head, check the functioning of the joints and the formation of the musculoskeletal system, and finally rule out rickets.

The neurologist again evaluates the development of the baby’s fine motor skills, checks the ability to grasp small objects with two fingers, asks the mother the names of which objects and which parts of the body he knows and is able to show how many words he has in his vocabulary. If abnormalities are detected, the neurologist can refer the child and his parents for consultation with a psychiatrist.

A one-year-old baby should be examined by a surgeon to identify inguinal and umbilical hernias, if any. In boys, the doctor examines the genitals, checks whether the testicles have descended into the scrotum, whether there is accumulated fluid in them, and looks at how the urethra is located. Examination helps to identify the presence of diseases at an early stage and prevent the occurrence serious problems in the life of a future man.

At the appointment, the ophthalmologist needs to examine the fundus and optical system of the child’s eye.

The otolaryngologist looks at the structure of the ears, nasal passages and larynx, identifies a deviated septum, if any, and once again evaluates the baby’s hearing.

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The baby is one month old, what needs to be done and which doctors to see

The child is one month old - which doctors should be visited at the clinic, what examinations need to be done, what to take to the clinic at the first visit, what vaccination is given at one month - we will answer these and other questions in this article.

What can a 1 month old baby do?

In the worries and troubles of caring for a newborn, time passes quickly. It seems that the baby was born quite recently, but now his “first birthday” has arrived, he is 1 month old.

During this time, the child “learned” many actions:

During the first month, the local pediatrician and nurse visited the baby at home, watching how the umbilical wound was treated and the newborn’s daily toilet was performed. Now the one-month-old baby needs to be shown to doctors and specialists at the children's clinic and undergo the necessary medical examination.

What examinations should a newborn undergo at 1 month?

A one-month-old baby is shown the following procedures, which are included in mandatory newborn screening in Russia:

Audio screening of newborns - a hearing test, helps not only to notice the slightest hearing pathologies in time, but also to correct them (this procedure is usually carried out in the maternity hospital);

Ultrasound of the brain - makes it possible to timely detect abnormalities in the development of the central nervous system; Ultrasound of the hip joints – contributes to the early detection of various pathologies: hip dislocation; hip dysplasia. If they are diagnosed, the doctor will give the necessary recommendations and refer you to therapeutic exercises and massage. The examination is carried out in a clinic, or children are sent to a hospital where there are appropriate devices for carrying out these procedures.

Important! Early diagnosis of any pathologies in a child makes it possible to completely cure them or correct them in a timely manner. It is advisable to undergo these examinations before visiting a doctor - a pediatrician or neonatologist, so that he can, based on the results obtained, adjust the plan for visiting the necessary specialists.

First visit to the clinic with a newborn. What to take

How to attach to a children's clinic, what documents are needed and what needs to be done is described in detail in an article on our website.

Let's talk about what you need to take directly to the doctor on your first visit to the children's clinic, so you will need: - two diapers (one for the changing table, the other for weighing the child); - sterile wipes; - a pacifier (if the child cannot do without it); - favorite toy; - diaper; - water in a bottle if it’s hot; - vaccination certificate; - results of ultrasound and audiological screening; - a notebook with any questions you may have for the doctor.

Newborn's first visit to the doctor. Which doctors should you see in 1 month?

A medical examination of the baby at one month is necessary for early diagnosis of possible pathological abnormalities in his health. In the first month of the baby’s life, it is necessary to visit the following doctors: - neurologist; - ophthalmologist; - surgeon; - orthopedist; - pediatrician

Also, on the day of the visit, the child is given a second vaccination against hepatitis B, which is mandatory according to the preventive vaccination calendar in Russia.

Important! It is necessary to make an appointment with specialized doctors in advance, and not on the day of visiting the clinic. Typically, these doctors see children on certain days.

Examination at 1 month by an ophthalmologist

An ophthalmologist or ophthalmologist conducts an examination to diagnose congenital and inflammatory diseases of the eyes and lacrimal ducts in a child.

Eye diseases most common in infants:

Congenital dacryocystitis (a disease in which the patency of the nasolacrimal duct is disrupted and inflammation of the lacrimal sac occurs); conjunctivitis; change in the fundus. If a disease is detected, the ophthalmologist will carry out the appointment and give the necessary recommendations. If there are changes in the fundus, the child is advised to consult a neurologist, as this may indicate a pathology of the central nervous system.

Examination at 1 month by a neurologist

A doctor - neurologist or neuropathologist examines the baby as follows: - checks reflexes; - measures the circumference of the chest and head; - evaluates the results of an ultrasound of the baby’s brain and examination of his fundus. If pathologies are detected, the neurologist will prescribe a course of treatment or send you for further examination.

Examination at 1 month by an orthopedic surgeon

Usually a pediatric surgeon and an orthopedist are at the same time; if the clinic does not have such a specialist, then they must be examined separately. An orthopedic surgeon will carefully examine the musculoskeletal composition of the baby. This is necessary in order to identify the presence of congenital diseases, such as: - hip dislocation; - clubfoot; - torticollis; - flat feet.

The surgeon will definitely check the boy’s genitals, see if the testicles have descended, and examine the baby for the presence of a hernia. If treatment is required, the specialist will give the necessary recommendations.

Check-up at 1 month with a pediatrician

Pediatrician during examination infant performs the following actions: - weighing; - height measurement; - assesses physical and neuropsychic development; - prescribes vitamin D intake for the prevention of rickets, determines its dosage (usually water-soluble vitamin D3 500 IU, 1 drop 1 time per day); - refers for vaccination against viral hepatitis B, in the absence of contraindications. Vaccination information must be included in the vaccination certificate.

At the end of the medical examination, the pediatrician will give the necessary recommendations for caring for a one-month-old child, and will also issue a referral for blood and urine tests for the next visit, which will take place at the child’s 2 months.

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What doctors are examined in 1 month? Medical examination of a newborn in the first month of life

Immediately after the baby is born, he is examined by pediatricians, neurologists and neonatologists. All children need this. At this stage of life, doctors pay attention to the baby’s reflexes and skills. After discharge from the maternity ward, all documents for your child are transferred to the children's clinic. It is here that the baby will be monitored over the next few years. Many mothers are concerned about the question of which doctors their newborns undergo at 1 month. After all, it is at this age that the first trip to a medical institution is made.

This article will tell you about how a medical examination occurs in the first month. Which doctors to see will be described below. You will also learn the main nuances of such medical procedures.

Medical examination of a newborn in the first month of life

The visiting nurse always tells you which doctors to see at the age of 1 month. Before going to the clinic, your baby should be examined at least twice at your home. In most cases, the doctor visits a small patient in the first week after discharge from the maternity hospital. After 2-3 weeks, a nurse visits. She is the one who talks about the need to see certain doctors.

It is worth noting that both health workers must examine the child. The doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to the lungs and heart. The nurse is examining skin, reflexes and baby skills. In addition, patronage notes the living conditions in which the child lives. If new parents have any questions, doctors always answer them and help with advice.

What doctors should you see in 1 month?

So, your baby is five weeks old. It's time to see some specialists. First, you should visit your pediatrician or go to nurse. She will give you the necessary directions for examination. If your clinic provides for the issuance of coupons, then you need to take care of receiving them in advance.

Which doctors need to be seen at 1 month depends entirely on your baby. For healthy child this will be a neurologist, surgeon, orthopedist, ophthalmologist and pediatrician. You will also have to get tested and visit the vaccination office. When a baby has congenital pathologies, the list of specialists may expand. Let's try to figure out how a child's medical examination takes place in the first month of life.

Surgical office

What doctors are examined in 1 month? One of the first on the list of specialists is a surgeon. The doctor always examines an undressed child. That is why you need to take a diaper with you to your consultation.

The doctor examines the skin. They must be clean. After this, the surgeon palpates the baby’s lymph nodes in the armpits, groin area, neck and back of the head. There should be no increase in these areas. Next, the stomach is palpated. It should be soft and painless. However, many children at this age have intestinal colic. This is noted on the map, but, as a rule, is not considered a dangerous pathology.

Orthopedist

What doctors are examined in 1 month? The child must be shown to an orthopedist. The doctor also prescribes an ultrasound examination of the hip joints for all children. Depending on the work of the clinic, the diagnosis can be carried out directly by an orthopedist or another specialist. However, you need to go to the doctor’s appointment with the results of the study.

An orthopedist examines the baby's legs and pelvis. The limbs must be the same length. The feet are also assessed in posing. However, at this age they do not focus on this indicator. An examination by an orthopedic surgeon is necessary to rule out hip dysplasia. It is this pathology that often occurs in newborn babies.

Neurological office

What doctors do you see in 1 month? Not last place a neurologist ranks on this list. Before going to the doctor, you need to do an ultrasound of the head, called neurosonography. This study allows you to evaluate blood flow to the brain and note possible pathologies.

A neurologist evaluates the baby's motor activity. The doctor also checks reflexes. Quite often, neurologists prescribe a unique treatment for children. Some kids really need it. Do not refuse correction, because lack of treatment can lead to serious pathologies in the future.

Oculist

What other doctors are examined in 1 month? IN mandatory list an ophthalmologist is present. Of course, the baby will not yet be able to name the letters and thereby show his vision. However, the doctor can measure the baby's eye pressure and examine the organs of vision.

Some babies develop problems with their eyes after birth. Pathologies such as dacryocystitis, conjunctivitis and so on occur. It is these diseases that the doctor can identify at an early stage of development. Timely correction will help avoid vision problems in the future.

Vaccination room and first vaccine in the clinic

If your child is maternity hospital If you have been vaccinated, then you need to get another one in one month. This is a hepatitis vaccine. The drug is injected into the baby's muscle. For this purpose, the shin is predominantly chosen.

Remember that before vaccination you must visit your pediatrician and get permission. The doctor must measure the baby’s temperature, examine his throat and listen to his lungs. Vaccination is done only when the baby is completely healthy.

Additional diagnostics of the health of a newborn child

What other specialists do you need to see with a one-month-old baby? All children need to have their ears checked. For this, a special ultrasonic device is used. The instrument is directed into the baby's ear and receives reflection from the eardrum. This device makes it possible to detect deafness in a baby in the first month of life.

Also, the baby needs to have an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity at one month. It will allow you to evaluate the functioning of organs and exclude possible pathologies. Diagnosis is carried out strictly on an empty stomach. Before the examination, you should not feed the child for 2-3 hours. Otherwise, the result obtained will be distorted.

Blood and urine tests are also performed at one month of age. In this case, you can collect any portion of urine, it is not necessary to use the morning one. Remember that the baby needs to be washed before collecting the material. Use a urine bag for convenience. Blood can also be donated after meals. Surely a child at this age eats exclusively breast milk or an adapted mixture.

Summing up

You now know which doctors you need to see with your baby in the first month of life. Remember that such studies help to identify pathologies and begin their correction as early as possible. Never refuse to go to the children's clinic. Get tested regularly and follow the recommendations you receive. Also try to adhere to the established vaccination dates. This approach will help you avoid health problems for your baby. If you have any questions, please contact your local pediatrician. Health to your child and proper development!

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Which doctors do newborns undergo at 1 and 2 months: a list of specialists and examinations as part of a routine medical examination

Regular visits to the clinic are mandatory activities for mother and newborn. The development of a child in the first months of life progresses at such a pace that it is impossible to do without constant monitoring. An examination by a pediatrician helps to identify diseases, if any, at an early stage. The presence of hereditary diseases and the risk of pathologies is checked. If the child is healthy, the doctor determines the baby’s level of development, carries out parametric measurements, and prescribes tests.

If the child is completely healthy, the doctor simply takes anthropometric measurements and records them, prescribes tests

Further scheduled examination (dispensary examination) is aimed at monitoring the dynamics of the child’s development, carrying out the necessary vaccinations and health programs. The pediatrician visits infants up to 1 month at home (at least 3 times). Such examinations are called patronage. It is advisable that the child be examined by an orthopedist, ENT specialist, neurologist, surgeon, or ophthalmologist before the baby is one month old. When the baby turns 1 month old, it’s time for the mother to go with him for his first medical examination at the clinic.

What items should I take to the clinic for examination?

When going to see a pediatrician with a newborn, you need to take certain things and documents with you. Sample list consists of:

two diapers (one for the changing table, the other placed on the scales);
a pacifier (if the baby takes it) and a rattle to keep the baby occupied while waiting for the appointment;
wet baby wipes and extra diaper;
if the doctor's visit takes place in summer time, take a bottle of drink;
a certificate of vaccinations and a certificate of the results of ultrasound and audio screening;
a notebook or notebook with questions that you had to ask the doctor during this period (start your mother’s diary immediately after the maternity hospital).

We will tell you which specialists you need to see, what tests you need to take, and what they check for the newborn. Our review will help you stop worrying and understand how important these examinations are for your monthly baby.

It is advisable for the mother to prepare questions for the doctor - they should be written down throughout the entire period between visits

Pediatrician

A pediatrician is a doctor whom a mother and her treasure should see once a month until the child is 1 year old. The clinic specifically sets aside one day a week when doctors examine only infants. “Baby day” allows babies to avoid contact with other children, which prevents the risk of disease. By calling the reception, you can find out what day this day falls on, how your local pediatrician receives you, and how to make an appointment with him.

READ ALSO: features of child development at 1 month

The main activities at each doctor’s appointment are aimed at measuring the baby’s anthropometric indicators. Weight, height, chest and head circumference are measured. The results obtained help the child therapist find out how correctly and successfully your little treasure is developing. The pediatrician must assess the functional state of the organs; he can coordinate the daily routine and give advice on feeding the baby.

If the examination shows no problems and the baby is healthy, a referral is issued for the vaccinations scheduled for each age. The next one after the first, which is done in the maternity hospital, is carried out against viral hepatitis. Negative reactions to this vaccine are extremely rare; children usually tolerate it well.

In addition, the doctor will tell you about preventive measures against rickets. Traditionally, newborns are prescribed vitamin D (1 drop - 500 IU) or water-soluble vitamin D taken once a day. The dose may be calculated by your doctor based on physical condition crumbs or he does not need to take additional supplements at all. For babies who are on artificial feeding, the doctor writes a prescription to receive food at the dairy kitchen.

Additional Research

Special studies are also carried out as prescribed by the pediatrician. When the doctor is alarmed by the results of the initial observation of an infant, he can send the baby for an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. Additional diagnostics are necessary to check the functioning of the kidneys, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and pancreas. Allows timely identification of pathological processes in these organs.

Having detected a murmur in a child’s heart, the pediatrician usually prescribes a cardiogram (ECG) for the baby. Echocardiography is performed if there is a suspicion of heart or vascular disease. If any diagnosis is confirmed, the child is registered with a cardiologist. You can find out the appointment time at the reception; the doctor himself will tell you the frequency of visits. Complex cases are within the competence of the medical commission.

Neurologist

A neurologist checks the functioning of the child’s nervous system. The specialist examines muscle tone, checks the baby’s innate reflexes, sets parameters for neuropsychic development and checks motor skills. The mother must understand that examinations by a neurologist are very important for the child. Some lesions of the central nervous system that occurred during gestation can be detected precisely at 1 month of life.

A neurologist checks the child’s reflexes; the purpose of the examination is to identify central nervous system diseases in the early stages

Special procedures are carried out that can identify the syndrome of central nervous system depression, the syndrome of increased neuro-reflex excitability. Having discovered a pathology, the neurologist prescribes treatment, which is especially important to begin in the first month. Nervous system The baby continues to form, so timely correction and elimination of identified violations involve a reversibility mechanism. This means that the baby receives the necessary help and continues to develop normally.

Among the examination methods there is also neurosonography (ultrasound of the brain). The first examination should be carried out in the maternity hospital. If it is not done, the neurologist will definitely prescribe it. The procedure is aimed at detecting developmental defects, signs of hydrocephalus, hypertension syndrome, vascular cysts, ventricular dilatations, and intracranial hemorrhages.

Orthopedist

A child needs an orthopedist to examine the musculoskeletal system. The first appointment allows the doctor to determine the presence or absence of hip dysplasia in the baby. By spreading the child’s legs at the hip joint and examining the gluteal folds for symmetry, the specialist is clearly convinced of whether there is a problem or not. The disease, diagnosed at an early age, is well treated by correction. If the disorder starts, the child will need the help of a surgeon, who will have to correct more complex changes. An orthopedist can identify congenital clubfoot, muscular torticollis, and dislocation. An ultrasound of the hip joints is required, which confirms or reveals their dysplasia.

Surgeon

The surgeon's examinations can detect inguinal or umbilical hernia, hemangioma (a tumor on the skin of a vascular nature), cryptorchidism (when the testicles have not descended into the scrotum), phimosis (narrowing of the foreskin). The listed diseases are typical for boys. Early diagnosis of pathologies ensures correct and successful treatment of identified ailments.

If disorders are diagnosed so early, the doctor carries out the necessary treatment to prevent the formation of more complex changes. A hernia causes compression of the mass contained in it by the hernial orifice. Untreated phimosis leads to an inflammatory process in the glans penis (balanitis or balanoposthitis). You may be scheduled to visit only a surgeon, since in some clinics the doctor combines two specialties, orthopedist and surgeon.

Oculist

The area of research of the ophthalmologist is the vision of the infant. Naturally, no table is offered to the child at one month of age. The doctor examines the fundus of the eye to exclude retinal pathology, checks the focus of the gaze and the correct patency of the nasolacrimal ducts. Having established that there are violations, the ophthalmologist draws up a conservative treatment plan that helps save the baby from dangerous complications in the visual organ.

Early vision testing is necessary to identify possible congenital or acquired disorders

ENT

The task of the ENT specialist is to use audiological screening to check the child’s hearing for any disorders. Having detected deviations, the specialist issues a referral to the audiology center. Doctors at the center conduct more in-depth studies on the subject of hearing loss. Hearing is very important for a child because it affects his mental and speech development. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent more serious problems.

The baby is 2 months old, which doctors should I visit?

Basic examinations have already been completed, so at 2 months you should only visit your pediatrician. The doctor will continue to monitor the overall development of the baby, familiarize you with the ultrasound findings for dysplasia and disturbances in the functioning of internal organs, and with the results of the tests performed. They may be asked to take tests again. What events await you in 2 months:

Parametric measurements of height, weight, chest and head circumference. Calculation of weight gain. If problems were discovered during the first visit, the doctor will prescribe a repeat examination for them.
Testing a child's hand control. Hearing and vision testing. If the child is healthy, the doctor may limit himself to an external examination.
Additionally, they will remind the mother who is breastfeeding about the importance of the baby taking vitamin D or fluoride if it is found to be deficient. For a bottle-fed baby, the pediatrician may prescribe iron supplements.

The first year of life is the most important and difficult period for a baby. At this time, intensive physiological and neuropsychic development occurs. In the first month, the newborn must be shown to the pediatrician 3 times. Then, in order to understand that the baby is developing normally, you will need to consult other specialists.

What kind of doctors do a 1 month old baby undergo?

If the baby has not yet reached one month of age, he should be examined by a pediatrician at home. When he turns 1 month old, he needs to visit a children's clinic. The first doctor to examine the baby should be a pediatrician.

Your pediatrician will tell you what kind of doctors you undergo at 1 month

At this visit, the doctor measures the baby's weight, height, head and chest circumference. Depending on the data obtained, one can judge the development of the baby. If there are no problems, then it is not necessary to be examined by other specialists.

To identify possible congenital diseases, a one-month-old baby should be examined by the following doctors:

Neurologist or neuropathologist. The doctor checks innate reflexes and evaluates muscle tone; it may be increased or decreased. It is at 1 month that lesions of the central nervous system that arose in the fetus in the womb can be detected.
ENT The doctor evaluates hearing and nasal breathing.
Ophthalmologist. A specialist checks your vision.
Surgeon. The doctor identifies hernias, hemangiomas, and phimosis in boys.
Orthopedist. The specialist checks for torticollis or congenital dysplasia and assesses the symmetry of the gluteal folds.

Treatment of perinatal disorders that arose during pregnancy is most effective in the first months of the baby’s life, since during this period the maturation of many body systems continues.

Is hardware examination necessary for newborns?

If health problems are detected, the pediatrician may prescribe additional examination of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and other organs. If the baby has a heart murmur, then an ECG is indispensable.

In the first month of life, an ultrasound of the hip joints should be done to exclude the possibility of dysplasia.

In case of difficult labor, fetal hypoxia, hypertonicity in the baby, as well as for premature babies, it is advisable to do neurosonography. This is an ultrasound of the brain. While the baby's fontanel has not yet closed, this method of examination is possible. With the help of ultrasound, abnormalities can be easily identified and treated at an early stage, before serious problems occur.

The list of doctors who need to see the child differs depending on the age of the baby and the presence of congenital health problems. Do not neglect examinations in the first year of life.

If the child is completely healthy, the doctor simply takes anthropometric measurements and records them, prescribes tests

What items should I take to the clinic for examination?

When going to see a pediatrician with a newborn, you need to take certain things and documents with you. A sample list consists of:

two diapers (one for the changing table, the other placed on the scales);
a pacifier (if the baby takes it) and a rattle to keep the baby occupied while waiting for the appointment;
wet baby wipes and extra diaper;
if your doctor's visit takes place in the summer, take a bottle of drink;
a certificate of vaccinations and a certificate of the results of ultrasound and audio screening;
a notebook or notebook with questions that you had to ask the doctor during this period (start your mother’s diary immediately after the maternity hospital).

If you were not able to have your baby examined by different specialists before your first visit to the clinic, be sure to do this on your first visit. It is very important to detect the development of diseases in time or confirm the complete health of the baby.

It is advisable for the mother to prepare questions for the doctor - they should be written down throughout the entire period between visits

Pediatrician

Prepare for the fact that on the second visit you will need to take a blood and urine test for your baby. Analyzes show the functioning of internal organs and help identify inflammatory processes.

In addition, the doctor will tell you about preventive measures against rickets. Traditionally, newborns are prescribed vitamin D (1 drop - 500 IU) or water-soluble vitamin D taken once a day. Perhaps the dose will be calculated by the doctor based on the physical condition of the baby, or he may not need to take additional supplements at all. For bottle-fed babies, the doctor writes a prescription to receive food at the dairy kitchen.

Additional Research

Neurologist

A neurologist checks the child’s reflexes; the purpose of the examination is to identify central nervous system diseases in the early stages

Special procedures are carried out that can identify the syndrome of central nervous system depression, the syndrome of increased neuro-reflex excitability. Having discovered a pathology, the neurologist prescribes treatment, which is especially important to begin in the first month. The baby’s nervous system continues to develop, so timely correction and elimination of identified disorders will involve a reversibility mechanism. This means that the baby receives the necessary help and continues to develop normally.

Orthopedist

Surgeon

The surgeon's studies can detect inguinal or hemangioma (a tumor on the skin of a vascular nature), cryptorchidism (when the testicles have not descended into the scrotum), phimosis (narrowing of the foreskin) (we recommend reading:). The listed diseases are typical for boys. Early diagnosis of pathologies ensures correct and successful treatment of identified ailments.

Oculist

Early vision testing is necessary to identify possible congenital or acquired disorders

ENT

The baby is 2 months old, which doctors should I visit?

Parametric measurements of height, weight, chest and head circumference. Calculation of weight gain. If problems were discovered during the first visit, the doctor will prescribe a repeat examination for them.
Testing a child's hand control. Hearing and vision testing. If the child is healthy, the doctor may limit himself to an external examination.
Additionally, they will remind the mother who is breastfeeding about the importance of the baby taking vitamin D or fluoride if it is found to be deficient. For a bottle-fed baby, the pediatrician may prescribe iron supplements.

Many parents are interested in which doctors they go to each year. Today in Russia, medicine is often viewed with skepticism. Especially if small children are involved in medical examinations. Some cite the fact that there are long queues at clinics; others are dissatisfied with the work of specialists. But even these shortcomings do not exempt from medical examination in the first year of the baby’s life. What doctors will you need to see? Where to go through the relevant commission?

Is it necessary to visit doctors?

Below we will provide a list of which doctors pass each year. First, let's try to figure out whether parents are really required to undergo a medical examination with their children.

In Russia, all medical interventions and examinations are carried out voluntarily. Nevertheless, some parents are afraid of the negative consequences of failing to show up for a child’s medical examination. Therefore, some citizens believe that a child will have to undergo a commission every year. Actually this is not true. The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation only gives recommendations on medical examination. Parents may not go through it or “stretch out” the visit to specialists for one period or another.

The importance of the process

However, it is recommended not to leave the issue under study unattended. Clinical examination is a comprehensive check of the body. For kids it is extremely important. After examination by specialists, it will be possible to identify certain diseases and prescribe treatment in a timely manner. There is nothing scary or dangerous about a child passing a commission every year. It is needed more by parents than by doctors.

Where to go

It would absolutely not hurt for a child to undergo a medical examination by one or another specialist every year. The first question parents face is where to undergo medical examination.

It is not possible to answer this unequivocally. After all, it all depends on the wishes of the child’s parents and their financial capabilities. Ideally, annual medical examinations are carried out in local children's clinics. But today in Russia many people prefer private clinics. They can also be used by a child at 12 months old. This scenario saves time and effort, but significantly lightens the wallet.

Research

Scheduled visits to the children's clinic in the first year of the baby's life are carried out monthly. Next, as we have already said, is medical examination.

It consists of two stages.

1. Taking tests.

2. Passage of certain specialists.

Let's start with the first component.

Most often among the mandatory tests prescribed:

general urinalysis;
general blood test;
stool tests for worm eggs.

This is something you definitely can’t do without. In any clinic, these studies are considered mandatory. They help judge the child's health status.

Additional Research

Depending on the child’s condition and medical indications, the list of tests may vary. What research are parents faced with?

For example, with a variety of ultrasounds. Some experts suggest checking the kidneys, heart and other internal organs. An orthopedist may suggest an ultrasound of the knee joints before your appointment.

A more accurate list of studies will be prescribed by the local pediatrician at the children's clinic, as well as by the specialized specialists required for medical examination.

Mandatory list of doctors

Now let's get down to the most important thing - the list of doctors that modern parents will encounter after the child reaches 12 months. As you might guess, their list for each specific baby may also be different.

The list of doctors per year must include:

pediatrician;
neurologist;
orthopedist;
surgeon;
ophthalmologist;
Laura;
dentist

This is the minimum that allows for the most accurate diagnosis of the baby’s body. But, as a rule, the listed specialists do not receive a commission per year.

Additional doctors

What kind of doctors do they undergo per year? In addition to the specialists mentioned above, even healthy children often have to visit other medical professionals. As we have already said, their list may vary.

Most often, the list of doctors per year additionally includes:

gynecologist (for girls);
cardiologist;
psychiatrist.

You can always refuse an examination by the last specialist. It is preferable to do this during a visit to a therapist. With this specialist, as a rule, parents write refusals of certain examinations.

Neurologists

Now let’s take a closer look at what this or that doctor will do during a medical examination during the baby’s year. Let's start with neurologists.

These specialists help evaluate the child's physical and psychological development. Mental skills are also tested by this doctor.

As a rule, at the appointment, the specialist offers the baby several toys, and then asks the parents questions about the child’s life. At this time, the neurologist observes how the little patient behaves. Often this is enough to identify psycho-emotional diseases.

Orthopedists

An orthopedic traumatologist in a children's clinic (and in a private clinic as well) assesses the degree of development of the musculoskeletal system. By 12 months, babies are already walking well or have mastered this skill a little. Usually, if the child is healthy, the podiatrist will give recommendations on the selection of shoes to prevent flat feet, and also indicate how to prevent scoliosis.

If the baby has any abnormalities, the specialist will prescribe comprehensive treatment. For example, massage, electrophoresis, mandatory wearing of orthopedic shoes, and so on.

Surgeons

Some parents are afraid to take their child to see a surgeon. But in reality there is no reason to panic.

In a children's clinic, a surgeon's appointment is limited to examining the child's internal organs, collecting an anamnesis about previous injuries, and also examining the genital organs of boys for cryptorchidism.

Oculist

The next important specialist is an ophthalmologist. He studies eye diseases.

Today, more and more often, children before one year of age are diagnosed with various diseases - from strabismus to retinal damage. Therefore, it is extremely important to take your baby to an ophthalmologist on time.

The examination is carried out by placing special drops in the baby's eyes. After this, the ophthalmologist examines the fundus. For some parents and doctors, such an examination is a whole ordeal, but it is very important.

Otolaryngologist

As a rule, a visit to the Laura is formal character. Especially if the child is not prone to diseases and has good immunity.

Usually the otolaryngologist looks at the child's ears, nose, and throat. He studies the tonsils and adenoids. The baby is unlikely to like the majority of such manipulations, but this does not mean that it is necessary to postpone the visit.

Cardiologists

A child may be examined by a cardiologist every year. There is no need to be afraid of this. This doctor is studying cardiovascular system baby.

Parents need to prepare for the fact that their child will need an ECG. This is the most accurate diagnostic method.

Dentist

What kind of doctors do they undergo per year? The main list of specialists has been presented to your attention. Among them is a dentist.

As a rule, by the age of one year, babies already have their first milk teeth. And even if the child has only 2 teeth, he will have to visit the dentist.

This doctor will examine the baby’s teeth and gums and give recommendations on oral care. In addition, the length of the frenulum and the condition of the jaw as a whole are assessed. Some children may require treatment for tooth decay as early as 12 months. Therefore, the dentist per year is an important doctor.

Psychiatrists

Usually parents find out if there are people with disabilities among their relatives. mental illness, and then questioned about the baby’s behavior. At the same time, the doctor observes the child’s behavior. This will be enough. Many parents simply refuse to see a psychiatrist every year.

Gynecologist

Gynecologists usually perform only an external examination of the genital organs. For example, the fusion of the labia, which appears due to improper hygiene. In addition, there are a number gynecological diseases, inherent even in children. For their timely treatment, you will have to take the baby to a gynecologist.

Pediatrician

An examination of a child at 1 year of age includes, as you might guess, a scheduled visit to the pediatrician. In practice, such a technique is no different from all previous ones - the child will be measured, weighed, examined by the throat and tongue, and body.

The local pediatrician will also interview the parents - he will collect an anamnesis of behavior and complaints. It is this specialist who issues referrals for medical examinations and tests. He is recommended to resolve issues related to vaccination, as well as visiting a psychiatrist. Every parent has the right to refuse any medical intervention, including vaccinations.

Testing for tuberculosis

We found out which doctors pass through each year. We also got acquainted with the main list of tests. According to established rules, it is customary to check for tuberculosis once a year. This recommendation also applies to children.

Today, to diagnose tuberculosis, children undergo the Mantoux test or Diaskintest. Such interventions often do not inspire confidence among modern parents. Therefore, they can go to any private clinic and take a blood test for tuberculosis - PCR or TB-Spot.