Presentation "Specially Protected Territories of the Russian Federation" on geography - project, report. Protected areas Types of specially protected natural areas presentation

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Text content of presentation slides: SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS LECTURE TOPIC Goal: Formation of competence to interpret regulations governing legal status specially protected natural areas in the Russian Federation Note: To systematize knowledge on the topic, fill out a table Type of specially protected natural area Definition Laws regulating activities Characteristics territories Prohibited activities Draw a table that are completely removed from economic use specially protected natural complexes and objects that have environmental, scientific, environmental and educational significance as examples of natural natural environment, typical or rare landscapes, places where the genetic fund of flora and fauna is preserved (Article 6 of the Law on Specially Protected Natural Areas). State natural reserves State natural reserves Any activity that contradicts the objectives of the state natural reserve and the regime of special protection of its territory established in the regulations on this state natural reserve. On the territories of state nature reserves the introduction of living organisms for the purpose of their acclimatization is prohibited. It is prohibited to be on the territory of nature reserves individuals without permission from an employee of the reserve. On the territory of the reserve it is PROHIBITED: Within the boundaries of state natural reserves, the natural environment is preserved in its natural state. Natural areas are protected for the purpose of conservation. biological diversity and maintaining protected natural complexes and objects in their natural state National parks This is a territory where human activity is limited for the purpose of environmental protection. It is prohibited to carry out any activity not provided for by the Federal Law “On Specially Protected Natural Territories”, and zones in which economic and other activities are limited in order to preserve natural and cultural heritage and their use for recreational purposes. It is prohibited to change the intended purpose of land plots located within the boundaries national parks Human activities that violate the rules are prohibited fire safety in forests. Prohibited: The territory of national parks is divided into zones. In accordance with their purpose, for example, 1. protected area2. recreational area3. cultural heritage protection zone4. economic zone Natural parks This is a protected large area of natural or cultural landscape; used for: recreational (for example, organized tourism), environmental, educational and other purposes. Natural Park It is prohibited to change the intended purpose of land. Activities that entail a change in the historically established natural landscape, reduction or destruction of environmental, aesthetic and recreational qualities are prohibited. natural parks, violation of the regime for maintaining historical and cultural monuments. Within the boundaries of natural parks, activities that entail a decrease in the ecological, aesthetic, cultural and recreational value of their territories may be prohibited or limited. Prohibited: 1. Regulations on natural park approved by decision of the highest executive body state power subject Russian Federation.2. Within the boundaries of natural parks there may also be land other owners and users. State natural reserves A reserve is a protected natural area in which... Unlike nature reserves, it is not the natural complex that is protected, but some of its parts: only plants, only animals, or their individual species, or individual historical, memorial or geological objects. In the territories of state natural reserves, any activity is permanently or temporarily prohibited or limited if it contradicts the goals of creating state natural reserves or causes harm to natural complexes and their components. Prohibited: State nature reserves may have a different profile (complex, biological, paleontological, hydrological (swamp, lake, river, sea) by the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993, the Federal Law “On Environmental Protection” dated January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ, the Federal Law “On specially protected natural areas" dated March 14, 1995 No. 39-FZ Land Code of the Russian Federation dated October 25, 2001 No. 136 - Federal Law Legal regulation of all specially protected natural areas is carried out: In addition to the considered protected areas, there are others, such as natural monuments, dendrological parks and botanical gardens. Thank you for your attention! Good luck in the test!

Attached files

Specially protected natural areas of Russia

In total, there are currently 204 operating in Russia SPNA federal level .

"On specially protected natural areas" dated March 14, 1995

« Specially protected natural areas (SPNA) - areas of land, water surface and air space above them, where natural complexes and objects are located that have special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health value, which are withdrawn by decisions of government authorities completely or partly from economic use and for which a special protection regime has been established. Specially protected natural areas are classified as objects of national heritage.”

Reserve is a protected area where the entire natural complex is preserved in its natural state. Any species is prohibited in the reserve economic activity. It is created to preserve rare and endangered species of plants and animals and restore their numbers.

National Park is a specially protected area with intact natural complexes and unique natural and anthropogenic objects. Tourists are allowed to visit the national park on special routes , that is, it plays the role of a recreational facility.

Wildlife sanctuaries – these are territories where certain types and forms of economic activity are permanently or temporarily prohibited. The reserve protects individual natural components, for example, one or more species of plants and animals.

Barguzinsky Reserve created January 11, 1917 (December 29, 1916 old style)

Russia's first state reserve was created on the northeastern coast of Lake Baikal to preserve and restore the sable population. The area is 374 thousand hectares, including the water area of Lake Baikal 15 thousand hectares.

In 1986, the Barguzinsky Nature Reserve was awarded biosphere status. After 10 years, the reserve, along with other Baikal protected areas, was included in the list UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site “Lake Baikal”.

Located in the Volga River delta, in the desert zone. Covers an area of more than 62 hectares Caspian lowland, lying 28 m below sea level. Up to 50 species live here commercial fish, including sturgeon. There are 250 species of birds (herons, cormorants, pink pelicans). The most common mammals are wild boars, wolves, foxes, and otters. There are more than 290 plant species in the reserve. There are relics (salvinia, chilim), and a fabulous flower grows - the lotus.

created in 1920

ILMENSKY RESERVE , one of the oldest in Russia. Created in the North Chelyabinsk region for the protection of mountain landscapes Southern Urals and exceptional mineral wealth of the subsoil. The reserve is surrounded by pine and birch forests, meadows, swamps and steppes. There are about 1200 species of plants, 48 species of mammals, 163 birds, 6 reptiles, 3 amphibians. Nesting site of whooper swan and gray crane. Lynx, wolf, capercaillie, and gray partridge are common. There is a mineralogical museum.

Purpose of creation:

Protection and comprehensive study of unique flora and characteristic forest-steppe communities. The reserve is located on the Eastern slope of the Central Russian Upland, on the banks of the Don and its tributary Bystraya Sosna, in the Zadonsky district of the Lipetsk region.

One of the oldest in the European part of Russia. Created in order to save the disappearing at the beginning from death XX century river beaver. The territory of the reserve occupies the northern half of the Usmansky forest, famous for the fact that its ship pines more than 300 years ago served as the basis for the construction of Peter the Great. I Russian fleet. In 1985, the reserve received the status biosphere reserve and began working under the UNESCO “Man and the Biosphere” program.

Bashkir Nature Reserve created in 1930

Located in the central part of the Southern Urals and in the bend of the river. White. Area 72 thousand hectares. Created for the protection and study of typical forest and forest-steppe landscapes. The mountains of the Southern Urals are covered with forests of pine, larch, and birch. Common animals include: elk, roe deer, Brown bear, lynx, pine marten, Siberian weasel, chipmunk, capercaillie, hazel grouse, red deer are acclimatized, trout and grayling are found in the rivers. In the bend of the river. White mixed and broadleaf forests. Within the reserve there is Kapova Cave.

Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve is located on more than 370 islands. From 705 sq. Its area is almost 500 km in water area and its most abundant inhabitants are sea colonial birds. Water Barents Sea heated warm current There is no Gulf Stream and no ice cover in winter, but summer temperatures are low and the vegetation here is tundra. Famous bird colonies are formed on the rocky shores of the islands.

One of the largest in Russia. Mountain country, decorated with a necklace of more than two and a half thousand lakes, the largest of which is Teletskoye. The pearl of the plant kingdom is cedar. Animals Snow Leopard, Mountain sheep argali, golden eagle, black vulture, Altai snowcock and many others are listed in the Red Book.

Since 1998, the reserve has been included in the UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage List.

Ussuri Nature Reserve founded in 1932

The Ussuri Nature Reserve is located in the Primorsky Territory, in the southwestern spurs of the Sikhote-Alin ridge. Founded to protect the natural complexes of Southern Primorye. Located in cedar-broadleaf, black fir, elm and ash forests. There is ginseng, lemongrass, wild grapes. Among the rare species of animals, the tiger, leopard, wapiti, and Himalayan bear are protected.

This northernmost of the reserves of the Far East occupies two islands of the Chukchi Sea - Wrangel and Herald, as well as the adjacent water area and is located in the Magadan region. The purpose of the creation is to preserve and study the ecosystems of the island part of the Arctic, as well as such species as polar bear, walrus, snow goose and many other species of Beringian flora and fauna with high level endemism.

It is located in the interfluve of the Reseta and Vytebeti rivers, the right tributaries of the Zhizdra, which flows into the Oka. Once upon a time there was an abattoir (defense) zone of the Moscow state, guarded with XVI By XVIII centuries, thanks to which you can see preserved oak forests on the territory of the reserve. Together with broad-leaved and small-leaved forest plantations they are a refuge for many rare species of plants and animals. Since 2000, a very rare animal, the bison, listed in the Red Book, has full authority on the territory of the reserve.

The national park is located in Yukhnovsky, Iznoskovsky, Dzerzhinsky, Peremyshlsky, Babyninsky and Kozelsky districts Kaluga region in the valleys of the rivers Ugra, Zhizdra and Oka.

Ugra National Park was created for the purpose of protecting and recreational use Central Russian landscapes. Meet rare plants- water chestnut chilim, protected - snow-white water lily, yellow water lily, marsh whitewing, floating salvinia, umbrella susak. Floodplain lakes are the habitat of the muskrat, a species listed in the Red Book of Russia. The park is home to elk, wild boar, roe deer, beaver, and muskrat. An interesting natural monument is "Devil's Settlement" - a pile of sandstone boulders left by a glacier, where rare plants are noted - microscopic luminous moss and relict centipede fern. Beavers are found on Vyssa, and waterfowl are numerous in the Oka floodplain. On the territory of the national park there are historical, cultural and archaeological monuments: Stone Age sites, medieval settlements, burial mounds, memorial estates. Associated with the Ugra Valley major battles during the period of the Tatar-Mongol and Polish-Lithuanian invasions, the war of 1812 and the Great Patriotic War. Near Zhizdra there are famous centers of spiritual life - the Optina Pustyn and Shamordino monasteries, associated with the names of Tolstoy and Dostoevsky.

In 2002, the UNESCO diploma awarded the status of a biosphere reserve.

Every year April 22 is celebrated - Earth Day .

National parks and reserves of Russia joined the holiday in 1995, since then

April 22 is celebrated in our country as International holiday reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and natural monuments.

SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS

Moskvina Elena Aleksandrovna, teacher

Academic discipline “Fundamentals of Environmental Law”

GAPOU SO "Ural Polytechnic College - Interregional Competence Center"

Contest computer presentations"Paper. net"

Goal: Formation of competence to interpret regulatory legal acts regulating the legal status of specially protected natural areas in the Russian Federation

Note: To systematize knowledge on the topic, create a table

Draw a table

Type of specially protected natural area

Definition

Laws governing activities

Characteristic features of the territory

Prohibited Activities

Specially protected natural areas, in accordance with the Law on Environmental Protection, include:

State nature reserves;
National parks;
Natural parks;
Wildlife sanctuaries;
Other territories.

State nature reserves

These are specially protected natural complexes and objects that are completely withdrawn from economic use and have environmental, scientific, environmental and educational significance, as examples of the natural environment, typical or rare landscapes, places where the genetic fund of flora and fauna is preserved (Article 6 of the Law on Specially Protected Nature Reserves). natural areas).

It is PROHIBITED on the territory of the reserve:

Any activity that contradicts the objectives of the state natural reserve and the regime of special protection of its territory established in the regulations on this state natural reserve.
In the territories of state natural reserves, the introduction of living organisms for the purpose of their acclimatization is prohibited.
It is prohibited for individuals to be on the territory of the reserves without permission from a reserve employee

Within the boundaries of state natural reserves, the natural environment is preserved in its natural state
Protect natural areas in order to preserve biological diversity and maintain protected natural complexes and objects in their natural state

Forbidden:

It is prohibited to carry out any activity not provided for by the Federal Law “On Specially Protected Natural Territories”, and zones in which economic and other activities are limited in order to preserve natural and cultural heritage sites and their use for recreational purposes.
It is prohibited to change the intended purpose of land plots located within the boundaries of national parks.
Human activities that violate fire safety rules in forests are prohibited.

Forbidden:

It is prohibited to change the intended purpose of land plots.
Activities that entail changes in the historically established natural landscape, reduction or destruction of the ecological, aesthetic and recreational qualities of natural parks, or violation of the maintenance regime for historical and cultural monuments are prohibited.
Within the boundaries of natural parks, activities that entail a decrease in the ecological, aesthetic, cultural and recreational value of their territories may be prohibited or limited.

Natural Park

It is a protected large area of natural or cultural landscape; used for: recreational (for example, organized tourism), environmental, educational and other purposes.

Reserve

- a protected natural area, in which, unlike nature reserves, not the natural complex, but some of its parts are protected: only plants, only animals, or their individual species, or individual historical, memorial or geological objects.

Forbidden:

In the territories of state natural reserves, any activity is permanently or temporarily prohibited or limited if it contradicts the goals of creating state natural reserves or causes harm to natural complexes and their components.

Legal regulation of all specially protected natural areas is carried out:

Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993
Federal Law “On Environmental Protection” dated January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ
Federal Law “On Specially Protected Natural Areas” dated March 14, 1995 No. 39-FZ
Land Code of the Russian Federation dated 25.10.2001 No. 136 - Federal Law

List of sources used:

Normative legal acts

1 Constitution of the Russian Federation/ URL: http:// http://www.constitution.ru/

2 About environmental protection: the federal law January 10, 2002 N 7-FZ / URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34823/

3 On specially protected natural areas: Federal Law of March 14, 1995 No. 33-FZ / URL: http://base.garant.ru/10107990/#help Educational and scientific literature:

4 Environmental law: textbook / ed. S. A. Bogolyubova. -2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: Yurayt Publishing House; Publishing house Jurayt, 2014. - 482 s

5 Sarkisov, O.R. Environmental law: textbook. aid for students higher professional institutions education / O.R. Sarkisov, E.L. Lyubarsky. -5th ed. revised and additional – Kazan: Center for Innovative Technologies, 2014. – 335 p.

6 Environmental Law: Textbook for Academic Bachelor's Degree / ed. S. A. Bogolyubova. - 5th ed., revised. and additional - M.: Yurayt Publishing House, 2014. - 382 p.

List of illustration sources:

Slide No. 5 / URL: https://goo.gl/SCp3Rx
Slide number 8 / URL: https://goo.gl/8lEUXh
Slide number 10 / URL: https://goo.gl/Cs5Ida
Slide No. 11 / URL: https://goo.gl/0VsLhX
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Slide number 14 / URL: https://goo.gl/ipMvZw
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Slide number 19 / URL: https://goo.gl/7sNKFu
Slide number 22 / URL: https://goo.gl/hZgFDf
Slide number 25 / URL: https://goo.gl/5mBrPy

List of video sources:

Slide No. 9 / URL: https://youtu.be/NUnSBQE92OI
Slide number 18 / URL: https://youtu.be/Sb4pbm816ng
Slide No. 23 /URL: https://youtu.be/ovkzCdTdQSI

Slide 2

Description of the presentation

Goal: study the main types of specially protected natural areas.
Tasks:
- Show role organic world in human life and activity;
- To develop an understanding of the need for nature conservation;
- Identify the purpose of creating specially protected natural areas.
Equipment: laptop and video projector, map: “Reserves and National Parks of Russia”, pictures of nature reserves, videos about nature reserves.
Lesson type: Combined
Form of presentation: explanatory and illustrative

Slide 3

Lesson Plan

Organizing time.
Teacher's opening speech.
Categories of protected areas.
Joint determination locations of Russian nature reserves.
Work in groups.
Student performance.
Consolidation.
Homework.
Final words from the teacher.

Slide 4

Organizing time

Place students in groups to study different protected areas natural areas Russia.
Provide each group with a variety of sources of information on the topic.

Slide 5

Teacher's opening speech

Announcing the lesson topic and purpose.
Updating knowledge:
- Why do humans need plant and animal resources?
- The plant world provides humans with food and feed, fuel and raw materials.
- Meadows, pastures, hayfields are an excellent forage base for livestock farming.
- Thousands of plants - herbs and shrubs - are raw materials for the production of medicines.
- Forests provide humans, in addition to edible fruits, wood - ornamental and construction, and chemical raw materials.
- Wildlife resources are primarily hunting and commercial resources.

Slide 6

What are specially protected natural areas?

Vegetation and animal world most noticeably and severely suffer from human economic activities. Even in the last century, as a result of hunting, the European bison, Caucasian deer and others were practically exterminated.
To protect certain species of plants and animals from complete destruction, specially protected natural areas began to be created.

Slide 7

Specially protected natural areas (SPNA) are intended to preserve typical and unique natural landscapes, diversity of flora and fauna, protection of natural and cultural heritage sites. Completely or partially withdrawn from economic use. What are the main categories of specially protected natural areas?

state nature reserves;
state natural reserves, including biosphere reserves;
National parks;
natural monuments;
natural parks;
dendrological parks and botanical gardens;
medical and recreational areas and resorts.

Slide 8

Categories of the most common protected areas

A reserve is a natural territory (water area), completely excluded from economic use for the protection and study of the natural complex as a whole.
There are 101 nature reserves in Russia, 17 of which are biosphere reserves.
The first official state reserve in Russia was the Barguzinsky Nature Reserve in northeastern Transbaikalia (1916).

Slide 9

Reserves

Before this, examples of unofficial reserves were known: Suputinsky on Far East(1911), since 1913 - Ussuriysky, Sayansky (1916), Kedrovaya Pad (1916).
The first Soviet nature reserve - Astrakhan - was established on April 11, 1919.

Slide 10

Large nature reserves

Large nature reserves– 40, including giant reserves (area more than 1 million hectares): Bolshoi Arctic, Komandorsky, Putoransky, Ust-Lensky, Taimyrsky, Kronotsky.

Slide 11

National Park

A national park is a territory or water area with intact natural complexes and unique natural objects. There are 35 national parks in Russia.

Slide 12

Reserve

A reserve is a territory (water area) that has special meaning for the preservation or restoration of natural complexes. There are about 3000 nature reserves in Russia, federal significance – 69.

Slide 13

Natural monuments

Natural monuments are unique or typical natural objects of scientific, cultural and health value.

Slide 14

Joint determination of the location of Russian nature reserves

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Group work

Assignment: according to a standard plan, using various sources of information, compile a description of one of the reserves in Russia.

Geographical location of the reserve.
Foundation history.
Physiographical features.
Diversity of flora and fauna.
What to see.

Group 1 – Voroninsky Nature Reserve;
Group 2 – Darwin Nature Reserve;
Group 3 – Oksky Nature Reserve;
Group 4 – Ust-Lena Nature Reserve.

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The presentation on the topic “Specially Protected Territories of the Russian Federation” can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Geography. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 8 slide(s).

Presentation slides

Slide 1

Geography teacher, Secondary School No. 418 Natalya Vladimirovna Tkachenko

Specially protected natural areas of the Russian Federation

Slide 2

State nature reserves

On the territory of state natural reserves, specially protected natural complexes and objects (land, water bodies, subsoil, flora and fauna), having environmental, scientific, environmental and educational significance, as examples of the natural environment, typical or rare landscapes, places for preserving the genetic fund of flora and fauna.

Kostomuksha Nature Reserve

Slide 3

National parks

National parks are environmental, environmental, educational and research institutions, the territories (water areas) of which include natural complexes and objects of special ecological, historical and aesthetic value, and are intended for use for environmental, educational, scientific and cultural purposes and for regulated tourism.

A differentiated regime of special protection is established in the territories of national parks, taking into account their natural, historical, cultural and other features.

Mari Chodra

Slide 4

Natural parks

Natural parks are environmental recreational institutions under the jurisdiction of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the territories (water areas) of which include natural complexes and objects of significant environmental and aesthetic value, and are intended for use for environmental, educational and recreational purposes.

In the territories of natural parks, various regimes of special protection and use are established depending on the ecological and recreational value of the natural areas.

Slide 5

State nature reserves

State natural reserves are territories (water areas) that are of particular importance for the preservation or restoration of natural complexes or their components and maintaining the ecological balance. For the purposes of educational tourism, complex reserves are of particular importance, in which tourists are introduced to rare species flora and fauna, picturesque landscapes.

As a rule, the establishment of tourist camps on the territory of nature reserves is prohibited; only the construction of tourist trails is permitted.

Ulyanovsk paleontological reserve

Slide 6

Natural monuments

Natural monuments are unique, irreplaceable, ecologically, scientifically, culturally and aesthetically valuable natural complexes, as well as objects of natural and artificial origin. Areas of land and water, as well as single natural objects, can be declared natural monuments.

Slide 7

Dendrological parks and botanical gardens

Dendrological parks and botanical gardens are environmental institutions whose tasks include creating special collections of plants in order to preserve the diversity and enrichment of the flora, as well as carrying out scientific, educational and educational activities. The territories of dendrological parks and botanical gardens are intended only to fulfill their direct tasks, while land plots are transferred for indefinite (permanent) use to dendrological parks, botanical gardens, as well as research or educational institutions, which manages dendrological parks and botanical gardens.