Trees and other vegetation are key to preserving the Earth's climate. IN recent years The issue of preserving forests on the planet has become especially acute. The number of green spaces and their condition in cities and other populated areas monitored by the competent authorities.

Sanitary felling of trees on the site is possible only after agreement with utility companies.

Sanitary felling

Trees, like other living organisms, are susceptible to diseases, they age and become unsafe. The spontaneous collapse of such a tree can lead to accidents and injuries, as well as the collapse of power lines, damage to cars and other property.

Regular cutting down of trees within settlements is necessary for:

• timely removal of diseased, old or damaged plants that can cause harm to people or property;
• rejuvenation of the garden and landscaping, as new plants will be planted in place of old trees;
• carrying out construction work during the construction of new buildings, laying roads or communications.

All these activities must be carried out in accordance with current legislation after approvals.

For industrial purposes, wood is obtained by cutting down forests. This process must be controlled by the state. IN lately cases have become more frequent illegal logging forests, in this case no one cares about preserving nature and reducing harm to the forest ecosystem.

As a result, irreparable damage to nature is caused:

• after the destruction of the forest ecosystem, many species of animals and plants disappear;
• the decline in the diversity of flora affects the quality of life of the planet's population;
• an increase in carbon dioxide in the planet's atmosphere leads to the greenhouse effect, resulting in global climate change;
• there is a constant washout of the soil, destruction of the top fertile layer, which leads to the formation of deserts;
• increased soil moisture provokes waterlogging in areas where trees have been cut down;
• the destruction of green spaces on mountain slopes leads to rapid melting of glaciers.

Negative consequences can be mitigated by planting new plants, as well as reducing the consumption of wood and paper products. Recycling paper also allows us to partially solve the problem of cutting down trees.

Deforestation can lead to dire consequences, watch the video:

Forest destruction is accelerating. The green lungs of the planet are being cut down to seize land for other purposes. According to some estimates, we lose 7.3 million hectares of forest every year, which is roughly the size of the country of Panama.

INjust some facts

• About half of the world's rainforests have already been lost

• Forests currently cover about 30% of the world's land mass

• Deforestation increases annual global carbon dioxide emissions by 6-12%

• Every minute a forest the size of 36 football fields disappears on Earth.

Where are we losing forests?

Deforestation occurs all over the world, but tropical forests suffer the most. NASA predicts that if the current rate of deforestation continues, tropical forests could disappear completely within 100 years. Countries affected include Brazil, Indonesia, Thailand, Congo and other parts of Africa, and some areas Eastern Europe. The biggest danger is facing Indonesia. Since the last century, the state has lost at least 15.79 million hectares of forest land, according to the University of Maryland and the World Resources Institute.

And although deforestation has increased over the past 50 years, the problems go back deep into history. For example, 90% of the native forests of the continental United States have been destroyed since the 1600s. The World Resources Institute notes that indigenous forests remain in to a greater extent in Canada, Alaska, Russia and the Northwestern Amazon.

Causes of forest disappearance

There are many such reasons. As WWF reported, half of the trees illegally removed from the forest are used as fuel.

Other reasons:

• To free up lands for housing construction and urbanization

• Extraction of wood for processing into products such as paper, furniture and building materials

• To highlight marketable ingredients such as palm oil

• To free up space for raising livestock

In most cases, forests are burned or cut down. These methods lead to the land remaining barren.

Forestry experts call clear-cutting an "ecological trauma unmatched in nature except, perhaps, by a large volcanic eruption."

Forest burning can be done using fast or slow techniques. The ashes of burnt trees provide food for plants for some time. When the soil becomes depleted and the vegetation disappears, farmers simply move to another plot and the process begins again.

Deforestation and climate change

Deforestation is recognized as one of the factors contributing to global warming. Problem #1: Losing forests impacts the global carbon cycle. Gas molecules that absorb heat infrared radiation, are called greenhouses. Cluster large quantity greenhouse gases causes climate change. Unfortunately, oxygen, being the second most abundant gas in our atmosphere, does not absorb thermal infrared radiation as well as greenhouse gases. On the one hand, green spaces help combat greenhouse gases. On the other hand, according to Greenpeace, 300 billion tons of carbon are emitted annually into environment precisely because of the burning of wood as fuel.

Carbon is not the only greenhouse gas associated with deforestation. water vapor also falls into this category. The impact of deforestation on the exchange of water vapor and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and earth's surface is the biggest problem in the climate system today.

Deforestation has reduced global vapor flows from the ground by 4%, according to a study published by the US National Academy of Sciences. Even this small change in steam flows can disrupt natural weather conditions and change existing climate models.

Some more consequences of deforestation

A forest is a complex ecosystem that affects almost every species of life on the planet. Removing forests from this chain is tantamount to destroying the ecological balance both in the region and throughout the world.

INspecies extinction: National Geographic says that 70% of the world's plants and animals live in forests, and cutting them down leads to habitat loss. Negative consequences It is also experienced by the local population, which collects wild plant food and hunts.

Water cycle: Trees play an important role in the water cycle. They absorb precipitation and release water vapor into the atmosphere. According to North Carolina State University, trees reduce pollution by trapping polluting runoff. In the Amazon, more than half of the water in the ecosystem comes through plants, reports the National Geographic Society.

E Rosa soil: Tree roots are like an anchor. Without forests, soil is easily washed away or blown away, which negatively affects vegetation. Scientists estimate that a third of the world's arable land has been lost to deforestation since 1960. On the spot former forests crops such as coffee, soybeans and palm trees are planted. Planting these species leads to further soil erosion due to the small root systems of these crops. The situation with Haiti is clear and Dominican Republic. Both countries share the same island, but Haiti has much less forest cover. As a result, Haiti is experiencing problems such as soil erosion, floods and landslides.

Anti-deforestation

Many people believe that more trees need to be planted to solve the problem. Planting can mitigate the damage caused by deforestation, but it will not completely solve the situation.

In addition to reforestation, other tactics are being used. This is the transition of humanity to nutrition on plant based, which will reduce the need for land that is cleared for livestock farming.

In the modern world, the question increasingly arises environmental disaster, about problems that are associated with disruption of the natural functioning of the ecological system. One of them is rapid deforestation and, as a result, deforestation of our planet. Thousands of years ago, the Earth was densely covered with forests. These are the territories of North and South America, Western Europe, Asia, and Africa. But with the increase in population on the green planet, forest cover has decreased, under the influence of human activity. Today forests cover about 30 percent of the land globe. Canada, Finland, Russia, USA, Brazil, Congo are countries rich in forest resources. More than half of all forest plantations are tropical forests. Another type of forest plantation, no less important in the ecosystem, is the coniferous forest.

Under the influence of man There are no more than 20 percent of untouched forests left on earth. These are the so-called virgin forests, which have not been touched by human hands. Forest areas have preserved their natural ecosystem and are the habitat of many animals and plants. Deforestation of these forests will lead to the extinction of many species and their displacement by other species.

It's time for humanity to think about the preservation of natural resources forest resources, as well as ensure their expansion and reasonable use.

What is a forest for an ecosystem?

The main function of forest cover is to provide oxygen to the planet. Ever since school, everyone remembers photosynthesis, which occurs in all plants. They absorb carbon dioxide, which is necessary to ensure the process of oxygen production. However, given fast pace scientific progress and active deforestation of the earth, serious problems arise in the functioning of the ecosystem.

The forest is also a kind of drainage system of the planet. It protects the soil from leaching, erosion, waterlogging, sand encroachment, and prevents floods and landslides. The forest also filters groundwater, ensures the hydrological regime, ensures the filling of reservoirs, and prevents them from draining.

Woodlands provide diversity biological species, since they have special conditions for existence, without which many species of animals, birds, and insects will not be able to survive in the conditions of a developed forest. This is approximately 80 percent of all terrestrial species.

Forest and humanity

For man, since its inception, the forest has been the main source of his life support. Shelter over his head, food, medicinal plants - man found all this in the forest.

In the modern world, the role of forest plantations in human life has become not only an extreme necessity of life, but also a means of income and comfort. Humanity, as before, uses wood for construction and as fuel, the use of forest resources has been brought to the level industrial scale. Wood serves as a raw material in the production of building materials, furniture, paper, as well as in railway and chemical industry. Wood is used to make many things that are consumed by humans.
The needs of humanity are growing, but the planet's resources are not limitless; their unreasonable use will lead to a violation of the ecological balance in nature. Deforestation around the world is rapidly reducing its area, which affects both climate change and the number and diversity of biological species.

Causes of deforestation

The first reason was the increase in population. People cost the city a place to live by cutting down green spaces for them. On January 1, 2016, the population was more than 7 billion people and this figure is growing every year.
For the development of agriculture, pastures and lands for cultivation were needed, which entailed the destruction of half of the forest that once existed. Nowadays, these needs are growing and the remaining plantings are under threat.
Today wood remains very valuable material in many industries. Deforestation has become profitable business. The problem is that this often happens illegally, uncontrollably, without taking into account the damage caused to forests and the environment.
Another reason for the destruction of forest plantations is the increasing frequency of forest fires. This leads to a decrease in forest area and, as a consequence, emissions. carbon dioxide into the Earth's atmosphere, creating a greenhouse effect.

Ways to combat deforestation
The solution to the problem of destruction of forest cover must be carried out internationally, nationally and regional levels. Also, every person should take care of protecting the environment.

Key measures to combat deforestation:

• Improvement legislative framework in the field of forest resource management at the state level. Development international conventions on the protection and conservation of forest cover.
• Introduction of accounting and control systems for deforestation, toughening of penalties for illegal destruction of forests.
• Carrying out social programs among the population about caring for forest resources, their protection and eliminating the damage caused by humanity.
• Increase the area of ​​new forest plantations, expand existing ones, create forest reserves, and protect undeveloped forests.
• Use effective prevention measures forest fires.
• Development of measures to reduce the use of wood in industrial areas, introduction of secondary wood processing.

Humanity already now needs to think about the safety of the world around us, about the health of the ecosystem in which it lives. Every person is capable of caring for nature, planting a tree and economically using the earth's resources.

Environmental issues

Current problems of the natural environment and modern world varied. They pose a danger to the planet, both for its present and for the future of all humanity, and can only be resolved with the participation and cooperation of all countries and peoples of the world. Global solution These problems depend on the material well-being and spiritual progress of humanity in a healthy environment.

Unsustainable human activities have caused great damage to natural ecosystems and led to: depletion of soils and resources fresh water, to a reduction in forest area, to the extinction of animal and plant species, to global pollution environment and the greenhouse effect, which in turn caused global warming, education acid rain, ozone holes, desertification, etc. The worsening of these global problems signals a serious environmental crisis. Human influence on the entire planet has exceeded the self-healing capabilities of ecosystems. Human-influenced habitat changes became more widespread in the second half of the 20th century due to accelerated development of agriculture and industry, increased transportation, and expanded trade. Degradation of the natural environment also affects human health. There are already a significant number of cities where the effects of air pollution are felt, among them: Detroit, Sao Paulo, Mexico City, Calcutta, Los Angeles, New York, etc. In these and other cities, the number of respiratory system diseases among the population, including lung cancer, is high. Atmospheric pollution with lead, copper and aluminum leads to diseases of the nervous system.

Collaborative efforts are required to ensure healthy lives for all humanity and the development of a sustainable economy. No country alone can stabilize climate change and protect the fisheries resources of the World Ocean. These goals can only be achieved through global cooperation and interaction between countries.

Currently, the listed problems are being considered within the framework of international programs: the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program, the International Program on Global Environmental Change, the Strategic Initiative for Disaster Risk Reduction, and the World Climate Program. These projects will allow specialists in various countries find ways to solve problems associated with environmental changes around the world.

Deforestation

Forests are the most important ecosystems on our planet. They cover approximately 30% (about 4 billion hectares) of the land surface, forming the planet's forest fund. In the geographical environment, forests perform many functions:

Climate function. Forests are the main supplier of oxygen (1 square kilometer of tropical forests produces about 11 tons of oxygen per day), weaken the influence of various climatic phenomena and serve to maintain climatic balance: they lower air temperature, increase humidity, reduce wind speed, etc.;

Hydrological function. Forests reduce the intensity of surface runoff after heavy rains, slow down the penetration of water into the soil, keep the water flow of springs almost constant, and prevent mudflows, landslides, protect human habitation, agricultural lands, transport routes from stormy flows;

Soil function. Organic matter accumulated by forests participates in the formation of soils; -economic function. Timber and other forest resources play an important role in human history;

Social function. Opportunities for leisure, tourism, satisfaction of aesthetic and spiritual needs;

Health function. Forests create a calm atmosphere with moderate temperatures air and low content of harmful substances and impurities.

The reasons for the reduction of forest land around the world are the widespread use of wood in industry, the expansion of agricultural land, pastures, the construction of communication routes, etc. The exploitation of forests for a long time was extensive, exceeding its natural regenerative abilities. In the period 1980-1985 alone, about 280 million hectares were subject to deforestation, which is almost 15 million hectares per year. At a high pace deforestation took place in Brazil, Indonesia, the Philippines and other countries.

In the Mediterranean region, where natural broadleaf forests disappeared completely, only bushes and other, less valuable species, which have practically no economic significance. According to various sources, over the past three centuries, the world's forest stock has shrunk by half or more.

Unfortunately, this process continues today due to the influence of the following factors:

Natural disasters (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, snow avalanches etc.) have a negative impact on forests. Thousands of hectares of forest destroyed natural disasters. They can reduce the forest area to a critical limit. The May 31, 1970 earthquake in Peru alone destroyed forests covering an area of ​​about 70 thousand square kilometers;

Forest fires. A decrease in forest area as a result of natural fires that occur during severe drought occurs in vast areas of Central Siberia, Australia, Canada, California, Indonesia and other regions. In Indonesia, 3.7 million hectares of forest burned in 1983. In Brazil, during a big fire in 1963, 5 million hectares of forest died. This confirms that even wet equatorial forests not protected from fire. Most often, fires in natural environment happen from lightning. In the state of Nebraska (USA), one day there were 30 forest fires caused by lightning, five of which covered vast areas, causing damage worth millions of dollars. Some fires happen due to human negligence. In densely populated areas, the most common cause of wildfires is human activity and man-made technologies. With the development of tourism, the number of fires caused by unextinguished cigarettes, fires and the carelessness of children is growing.

Deforestation - wood is used as fuel, building material and for processing (furniture, lumber, pulp, paper, etc.). In some regions of the world (Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia), firewood is still the main type of fuel. Deforestation for industrial purposes has become excessive. From 3.2 to 3.5 billion m3 of wood is harvested annually, which far exceeds the natural regenerative capacity of the forest. Deforestation occurred in vast areas in the Amazon, Congo, etc. river basins, and the forests on these lands are being replaced by processes of soil erosion, etc. Given that forests are climate and hydrological regulators, deforestation in the equatorial regions of the Earth could lead to radical climate change. In this regard, there is a need to protect not just some forest areas or typical forests, and of the entire forest fund of the planet, all forest development must certainly be accompanied by reforestation work.

Desertification

Desertification is a global phenomenon and has enormous impact climatic conditions and increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment. About half of the planet's territories suffer from droughts and desertification, both in arid zones and in irrigated and other areas. Desertification is a complex phenomenon of land degradation in deserts and semi-deserts, in the arid regions of the Earth. The causes of desertification are a reduction in precipitation and changes in its regime, climate warming, increased winds and increased evaporation rates, as well as economic activity person. Anthropogenic causes are represented by: overpopulation, irrational use of land (deforestation, desertification, pollution). Prolonged droughts lead to a significant reduction in water reserves in the soil, groundwater bearing horizons, hydrographic network, which gives rise to processes leading to desertification. A dry, salty crust forms on the soils. From deserts, dunes gradually move to adjacent territories.

The phenomenon of desertification intensified in the last years of the 20th century in many drylands, especially in the southern Sahara Desert, where ecosystems with xerophilous vegetation were destroyed by overgrazing and use as agricultural land in the southern Sahara.

Dry periods in recent decades have aggravated and expanded the process of desertification in different regions of the world and caused the most serious consequences. At the end of the 20th century, there was an excessive reduction in pastures in the savannah zone North Africa on the border with the Sahara Desert. The phenomenon of desertification currently covers approximately 25% of the land surface - this is more than 110 countries with a population of almost one billion inhabitants. The areas most affected by desertification are found in Africa, South Asia, North America, Australia, and Europe.

The fight against desertification is a global problem caused by climate change and the increasing pressure of human society on the environment. Taking all this into account, the UN Convention to Combat Desertification was adopted in 1994, which provides for cooperation among countries around the world to reduce this phenomenon.

Global climate change

One of the pressing global problems arising as a result of human activity is the change in the Earth's climate, both in the sense of warming and the exacerbation of climate-related natural disasters. Meteorologists and climate scientists involved in research in this area are divided in their recognition of the seriousness of the situation, with some seeing it as the result of human activity and others attributing slow global changes climate to normal cyclical phenomena.

Priority attention to this problem is caused by the following conditions: even the slightest changes in climate have a certain impact on human activity, primarily on agriculture; climate change may turn into natural disasters (for example, periods of maximum and minimum temperatures(periods of extreme heat and severe frosts), droughts, heavy rains with floods).

A deeper understanding of the mechanism of climate change requires a thorough study of the climate system, including the relationships between the following components: atmosphere, earth's crust, ionosphere, biosphere, taking into account the anthropogenic factor. This is essentially the purpose of climate monitoring. The main types of human activities affecting the climate system:

Direct impact on the atmosphere in the form of thermal effects, changes in air humidity, etc.;

Influence on the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere, in particular, electrical and radiation characteristics. This factor can cause an increase in the concentration of CO2, N02, freon, methane, etc. in the troposphere;

Impacts on the upper atmosphere primarily affect the ozone layer;

The impact on the underlying surface changes the albedo and gas exchange processes between the ocean and the atmosphere.

Some activities may be classified into more than one impact category simultaneously. For example, forest fires lead to direct heating of the atmosphere, increasing the amount of aerosols, CO2 and other gases that change the albedo of the affected underlying surface. In fact, these phenomena have a multifaceted impact on natural landscapes, change them appearance, and also affect human health. Over the past century, the Earth's temperature has been constantly rising, a phenomenon that became more noticeable after the 70s of the last century.

The Council of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, consisting of respected scientists, as well as participants in recent international conferences. It is argued that if fossil fuel use continues to increase, by 2050 average annual temperature on the planet will increase to +19 degrees. A very rapid increase represents serious problem, as this will lead to extreme climate events, including widespread flooding, droughts and intensified hurricanes. According to statistics, almost half of the natural disasters occurring on the planet are associated with atmospheric processes.

Stabilizing the climate on Earth means, first of all, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by almost 60%. And this requires the participation of all governments and awareness of possible dangers at all levels.

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A forest is not just a collection of trees, but a complex ecosystem that unites plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms and affects the climate, condition drinking water, air purity.

Millennia ago, a huge part of the Earth's surface was covered with forests. They extended to North America, occupied a significant share of Western Europe. Vast areas of Africa, South America and Asia were dense forests.

But with the increase in the number of people and their active development of land for economic needs, the process of deforestation began.

People take a lot from the forest: materials for construction, food, medicine, raw materials for the paper industry. Wood, pine needles and tree bark serve as raw materials for many branches of the chemical industry. About half of the extracted wood is used for fuel needs, and a third is used for construction. A quarter of all medicines used are obtained from tropical forest plants.

Thanks to photosynthesis, forests give us oxygen to breathe while absorbing carbon dioxide. Trees protect the air from toxic gases, soot and other pollutants and noise. Phytoncides produced by most coniferous plants, destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Forests are habitats for many animals; they are real storehouses biological diversity. They participate in creating a microclimate favorable for agricultural plants.

Forest areas protect the soil from erosion processes, preventing surface runoff of precipitation. The forest is like a sponge, which first accumulates and then releases water to streams and rivers, regulates the flow of water from the mountains to the plains, and prevents floods. , the forests included in its basin are considered the lungs of the Earth.

The damage caused to the planet by deforestation

Despite the fact that forests are a renewable resource, the rate of deforestation is too high and is not covered by the rate of reproduction. Millions of hectares of deciduous and coniferous forests.

Tropical forests, home to more than 50% of Earth's species, once covered 14% of the planet but now cover only 6%. India's forest area has shrunk from 22% to 10% over the last half century. Destroyed coniferous forests central regions Russia, forest tracts on Far East and in Siberia, and swamps appear at the site of clearings. Valuable pine and cedar forests are being cut down.

The disappearance of forests is... Deforestation of the planet leads to sharp temperature changes, changes in the amount of precipitation and wind speeds.

Burning forests causes carbon monoxide pollution in the air, releasing more than it absorbs. Also, deforestation releases carbon into the air that accumulates in the soil under the trees. This contributes about a quarter to the process of creating the greenhouse effect on Earth.

Many areas left without forest as a result of deforestation or fires become deserts, since the loss of trees leads to the fact that the thin fertile layer of soil is easily washed away by precipitation. Desertification causes huge number environmental refugees – ethnic groups, for whom the forest was the main or only source of subsistence.

Many inhabitants of forest areas disappear along with their homes. Entire ecosystems are being destroyed, plants of irreplaceable species used to obtain medicines, and many biological resources valuable to humanity are being destroyed. More than a million species living in tropical forests, is endangered.

Soil erosion that develops after cutting down leads to floods, since nothing can stop the flow of water. Floods are caused by disruption of the groundwater level, as the roots of trees that feed on them die. For example, as a result of extensive deforestation at the foot of the Himalayas, Bangladesh began to suffer from large floods every four years. Previously, floods occurred no more than twice every hundred years.

Methods for cutting down

Forests are cut down for mining, timber, clearing areas for pastures, and for agricultural land.

Forests are divided into three groups. The first is forest areas prohibited from logging, which play an important ecological role, which are nature reserves.

The second group includes forests of limited exploitation, located in densely populated areas; their timely restoration is strictly monitored.

The third group is the so-called production forests. They are cut down completely and then reseeded.

There are several types of logging in forestry:

Main cabin

Felling of this type is the harvesting of the so-called mature forest for timber. They can be selective, gradual and continuous. During clear-cutting, all trees are destroyed, with the exception of the seed plants. With gradual cutting, the cutting process is carried out in several steps. With the selective type, only individual trees are removed according to a certain principle, and the overall area remains covered with forest.

Plant care cutting

This type involves cutting down plants that are not practical to leave. They destroy plants of poorer quality, while simultaneously thinning and clearing the forest, improving its lighting and supply nutrients remaining more valuable trees. This makes it possible to increase forest productivity, its water-regulating properties and aesthetic qualities. Wood from such fellings is used as technological raw material.

Comprehensive

These are reorganization fellings, reforestation and reconstructive fellings. They are carried out in cases where the forest has lost its beneficial properties in order to restore them, negative impact environmental impact is excluded with this type of logging. Felling has a beneficial effect on brightening the area and eliminates root competition for more valuable tree species.

Sanitary

Such cutting is carried out to improve the health of the forest and increase its biological resistance. This type includes landscape cuttings carried out to create forest park landscapes, and cuttings to create fire breaks.

Clear-cutting produces the most severe intervention. Cutting down trees has negative consequences when more trees are destroyed than grow in a year, which causes depletion of forest resources.

In turn, undercutting can cause forest aging and disease of old trees. During clear cutting, in addition to the destruction of trees, branches are burned, which leads to the appearance of numerous fire pits.

The trunks are dragged away by machinery, simultaneously destroying many ground cover plants, exposing the soil. The young animals are almost completely destroyed. Surviving shade-loving plants die from excessive amounts of sunlight and strong winds. The ecosystem is completely destroyed and the landscape changes.

Deforestation can be carried out without harm to the environment if the principle of continuous forest management, based on a balance of deforestation and reforestation, is observed. The selective logging method has the least environmental damage.
It is preferable to cut down forests in winter, when snow cover protects the soil and young trees from damage.

Measures to eliminate damage caused by deforestation

In order to stop the process of forest destruction, norms for the wise use of forest resources should be developed. It is necessary to adhere to the following directions:

• conservation of forest landscapes and its biological diversity;
• maintaining uniform forest management without depleting forest resources;
• training the population in skills careful attitude to the forest;
• strengthening control at the state level over the conservation and use of forest resources;
• creation of forest accounting and monitoring systems;
• improvement of forest legislation,

Replanting trees often does not cover the damage caused by cutting down. IN South America, South Africa and Southeast Asia, forest areas continue to decline inexorably.

In order to reduce damage from logging, it is necessary:

• Increase areas for planting new forests
• Expand existing ones and create new protected areas and forest reserves.
• Deploy effective measures to prevent forest fires.
• Conduct measures, including preventive ones, to combat diseases and pests.
• Conduct selection of tree species resistant to environmental stress.
• Protect forests from the activities of mining enterprises.
• Realize fight against poachers.
• Use effective and least harmful logging techniques. Minimize wood waste, develop ways of using them.
• Deploy methods of secondary wood processing.
• Encourage ecological tourism.

What people can do to save forests:

• use paper products rationally and economically;
• buy recycled products, including paper. It is marked with the recycled sign;
• green the area around your home;
• replace trees cut down for firewood with new seedlings;
• draw public attention to the problem of forest destruction.

Man cannot exist outside of nature, he is part of it. And at the same time, it is difficult to imagine our civilization without the products that the forest provides. In addition to the material component, there is also a spiritual relationship between the forest and man. Under the influence of the forest, the culture and customs of many ethnic groups are formed, and it also serves as a source of existence for them.
Forest is one of the cheapest sources natural resources, every minute 20 hectares of forest areas are destroyed. And humanity should now think about replenishing these natural resources, learn to competently manage forest management and the wonderful ability of forests to renew themselves.