The coldest on earth. Pole of Cold - Where is the coldest point on Earth? The coldest place in North America

Let's look at what temperature records in the world and the places where they were recorded. In other words, this selection is 10 hottest and coldest places on earth.

To begin with, I propose to consider the coldest ones. These places are generally considered to be the coldest on Earth. Brrr – I wouldn’t want to live there (:

• Antarctica. Vostok station.

This station belongs, as you probably already guessed, to the Russians. This is where it was recorded the most cold temperature . A significant date is July 21, 1983, then there was severe frost, and the thermometer showed our planet's record -89.2 °C. And now a little more specifically about this place: the altitude above sea level is 3.5 kilometers, the station is located in the area of ​​one of the most large lakes world: Lake Vostok of the same name. Naturally, the lake is not on the surface, it is located under the ice at a depth of 4 kilometers.

• Canada. Eureka station.

This research station is often called the coldest locality in the world. -20 ° C is the average annual air temperature, and in winter it usually drops to -40 ° C. This station is intended as a meteorological station and was created in the middle of the last century.

• Russia. Yakutia. Oymyakon.

Well, this place is already in the North: 350 km from the Arctic Circle to the south. Was recorded here lowest temperature record for Northern Hemisphere -71.2 °C (1926). This is confirmed by the memorial plaque installed after this event.

• USA. Denali (Mount McKingley).

This is the highest point North America. Mount McKingley is the coldest on Earth, its height is 6,194 meters.

• Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar.

And this is already the coldest capital. The height above sea level is 1.3 kilometers. The thermometer very rarely shows temperatures above -16 ° C in January.

Well, we visited the most “icy” places. Personally, I wanted to immediately drink a cup of hot coffee or tea, but this is not at all necessary, because then we will go with you to the hottest countries. Well, let's continue!

So, hottest places in the world.

• Libya. El Azizia.

Al Aziziyah is only about an hour's drive from Mediterranean Sea. And despite this it is very hot there. For example, on September 13, 1922, the days were so hot that the thermometer tirelessly showed 57.8 ° C.

• Africa. Ethiopia. Dallol.

The place is 116 meters below sea level. And it is in Dallol that it is observed record high average temperature+34.4 ° C. The area is covered with salt and is volcanic in nature, so nothing grows here and there is nothing living at all.

• Libya. Dashti-Lut Desert.

It was in this desert that it was recorded highest temperature on the Earth's surface +70 ° C. This is a record!! Here Maximum temperature!! By the way, about the date: they were able to record such a temperature here twice: in 2004 and in 2005. This desert is one of the driest places on the planet. There is also nothing living here, including even bacteria. Just imagine: not even bacteria can survive there! But the dunes there are like in a fairy tale: they reach 500 meters in height and are the most beautiful!

• USA. California. Death Valley.

This desert belongs to the second record for the most high temperature : +56.7 ° C. The average summer temperature here is approximately +47 ° C. Death Valley is the driest place in the USA, it is surrounded by mountains and is located 86 meters below sea level.

• Thailand. Bangkok.

The average annual temperature in this city is +28 ° C. The hottest time here is from March to May - the average temperature in these months is +34 ° C, and if you also take into account that the humidity is 90%, then this is in general (in vain I drank a cup of hot coffee all still (=).

Let's summarize. We visited amazing places: it was in them that they were recorded temperature records, the lowest and the highest. Personally, I realized for myself: there is no need for extremes; and it turns out that I am quite happy with the climate of the place where I live, it can be both cold and hot here, but in moderation compared to the places listed above.

It is difficult to determine reliably which places are the coldest on Earth. Initially, everything seems quite simple - you just need to find information on temperatures and then compare them. But how to accurately determine the location? Antarctica is, of course, the coldest place on Earth, but is it worth considering it as a whole? Or how many different items? Should we take the lowest recorded temperature, or the average for the year? There are many issues that make it difficult to create this list flawlessly. But this list contains the Top 10 places where you will definitely feel what real cold is like.

Vostok Station, Antarctica

Of course, the number one coldest place is Antarctica. East - Russian weather station, which holds the record for the lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth - minus 53.67 degrees Celsius. This temperature was recorded on July 21, 1983, although some claim that in 1997 it dropped to 55.56 degrees. The warmest month here is January, with an average temperature of -3.44 degrees, and average values ​​during winter months are minus 26.67 degrees. This place is located at an altitude of 3,488 m above sea level, with minimal oxygen and no humidity. Vostok Station is considered one of the most dangerous, inhospitable and unpleasant places in the world.

Northais in Greenland

Next place is much less well known on the list. Northays in Greenland was a research station for a British expedition in the 1950s that successfully recorded the coldest temperature in North America. A temperature of -66.1 degrees Celsius was recorded in North Ice on January 9th, 1954. Cold temperatures persist here to this day, so North Ice is unlikely to become popular tourist destination in the near future.

Ismitte in Greenland

To be fair, it is worth noting that Ismitte (literally “Middle of the Ice” in German) is devoid of any buildings and signs of civilization. In the 1930s, an expedition was sent here to take temperature measurements. In February, the coldest month, the temperature here drops to -64.9 °C. These studies came at a very heavy price. In 1930-1931, the mission claimed the lives of Alfred Wegener and Rasmus Villumsen, while another team member had his toes amputated without pain relief. These are sufficient reasons to discourage any desire to visit these places.

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

The most populated place on our list, the capital of Mongolia is considered the coldest capital in the world and one of the most polluted. The city is located at an altitude of 1,310 m above sea level, and is home to 1,278,000 people. There are interesting sights here, but you won't want to linger outside with the average January temperature of -25 degrees Celsius (which can easily drop to -42 degrees).

Eureka in Canada

This research settlement has no permanent residents, but only 8 staff members. Eureka has been used as a weather station since its founding in 1947. It is not the most glamorous place to work, with a lack of sunlight from October to February and average annual temperature at -16 degrees Celsius. The area is also a polar desert, with no rainfall from October to May. Despite this, many plants and animals are present here, which is why Eureka is called the “Garden of the Arctic.” It is not only one of the coldest places on Earth, but also a place of great contrasts.

Oymyakon, Russia

When it comes to cold weather, Russia is definitely in the big league. Oymyakon recorded a record low of -67.78 degrees Celsius, the lowest recorded temperature for a permanently inhabited place on Earth. The record was recorded on February 6th, 1933. With a population of 472 people, the settlement is quite large compared to some of the others on the list.

Snow in Yukon, Canada

What about the coldest temperature in continental North America? The record belongs to the village of Snedge in Canada, where on February 3, 1947, a temperature of -62.78 degrees Celsius was recorded. The settlement is currently uninhabited, as living conditions here are quite harsh.

Prospect Creek, Alaska

This frigid place is currently uninhabited, but it was once home to several thousand construction workers who built the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System between 1974 and 1977. The campground was disbanded after the pipeline was completed and now there is no one to enjoy the average daily temperatures of -26 degrees Celsius in January. The lowest temperature recorded in Rogers Pass was -62 degrees (in January 1971).

Stanley, Idaho, USA

This Idaho city has a population of only 63 people. A record low of -47 degrees was recorded here in December, but Stanley is called the city of extremes because... warm months In summer the temperature can be quite high. The city has its own museum, mayor and even its own chamber of commerce - not bad for a population of 63 people!

Rogers Pass in the USA

Rounding out the list of the coldest places on Earth is Rogers Pass in Montana, USA. Located at an altitude of 5,610 m above sea level, Rogers Pass is one of the most... warm places on the list. average temperature January currently fluctuates between -10 and 0 degrees, but on January 20, 1954, a record of -57 Celsius was recorded here.

Climatic and weather conditions on our planet are characterized by significant diversity. When a snowstorm is raging at one end of it, warm tropical rain is falling somewhere or the scorching sun is shining. Do you know where the coldest place on earth is? If you ever decide to engage in extreme tourism or simply want to expand your horizons, be sure to read this kind of information.

Unofficial record holder

The coldest place on Earth is located in Antarctica, in the so-called ice dome. The thickness of this unique block of ice is approximately 2.5 kilometers, which represents the largest reserves of frozen water. This area is completely uninhabited, and research is not being conducted on its territory. It is generally accepted that temperatures down to minus 100 degrees Celsius can be recorded here, but there is no official confirmation of this information.

Recognized leader

Since the information described above is not confirmed by reliable sources and research, it is generally accepted that the coldest place on Earth is located on the territory of the Vostok polar station in Antarctica. It was here that the official minimum was recorded, amounting to 89.2 degrees Celsius (the record was set in 1983; according to some secret sources, 14 years later, the temperature dropped another two degrees lower).

An explanation for this phenomenon could be natural features local places:

• the thickness of the ice located under the station is approximately 3.5 kilometers (altitude above sea level);
• significant distance from the ocean;
• long period of polar night.

Negative temperatures are common in the area where the station is located; as a rule, even in summer the air does not warm up above minus 21 degrees.

The coldest inhabited cities

Where is the coldest inhabited place on Earth? You shouldn’t be surprised by this question; some people feel comfortable even in the harshest conditions. climatic conditions. The official data is as follows: the pole of cold is located in Russian Federation on the territory of Siberia. The leading positions in terms of the most extreme temperature indicators here are held by two settlements: Oymyakon and the city of Verkhoyansk.

A little more than a thousand people live in modern Verkhoyansk; this city is relatively young, located within the Arctic Circle, the first mentions of it date back to the end of the 18th century. At this time, convicts who violated the law or opposed state power. Air temperature in winter period in this region, according to average indicators, it is approximately minus 46 degrees. Record figures were recorded in 1885 (-67.8)

An even more difficult weather situation occurs in Oymyakon, located on the banks of the small Indigirka River. About 500 people live on its territory, who annually have to withstand truly severe cold. According to many years meteorological observations, winter temperatures in this area is significantly lower than in neighboring Verkhoyansk. The absolute minimum was recorded in 1926 and amounted to -71.2 degrees.

When answering the question, where is the coldest place on earth, you have to choose between these two settlements.

The coldest populous city

The title “The coldest place on planet Earth” can easily be claimed by a large Russian city Yakutsk is the center of the Sakha Republic. The settlement was founded back in 1632, and today the number of its inhabitants has reached 250 thousand people. The townspeople easily tolerate frosts and are not afraid of even the most severe cold, so their bodies have adapted to difficult conditions. weather conditions. Dry figures from official statistics can confirm such a bold statement:

The kingdom of cold outside Russia

When searching for an answer to the question of where the coldest place on earth is located, you most often hear about various residential and non-residential locations on the territory of the Russian Federation, however, outside our country there are also areas of the kingdom of cold and ice. Of course, the island of Greenland can be considered such a place. The average temperature for individual altitudes in this area is minus 47 degrees (data recorded in the center of the island are averages for February).

How do people live in extreme conditions?

Who is he, a resident of the coldest place on earth? Of course, even in the most northern latitudes there are representatives of the world of flora and fauna, but we will talk about whether ordinary people can live in such an area.

At Vostok station all year round Polar scientists live, hundreds of the most ordinary people, defying the elements, frost and cold. What difficulties do local residents have to face? Biggest problems northern life usually associated:

Being outside in very low temperatures Ah, quite difficult, not to say impossible. So, at minus 70 degrees, the liquid in a person’s eyes freezes, which means that for carrying out scientific research special uniform is required. Without such devices, even with milder indicators, you can stay on the street for no more than a quarter of an hour, and sometimes even 10 minutes. In addition, in extremely low temperatures, it is not recommended to try to run or breathe frequently and deeply. Experts advise paying significant attention to shoes; for example, platform models with the thickest soles are in high demand in this case.

Many people begin to complain about the unbearable cold when the temperature outside drops below 0. However, there are places on our planet where it can be much colder. And, most amazingly, some of these places are inhabited by people! From this article you will learn about corners globe, the temperature in which is almost the same as in the most powerful freezing unit.

Vostok station

The coldest place on our planet is rightfully considered Antarctic station"East". The research station is located near the south geomagnetic pole and is located at an altitude of 3.5 kilometers above sea level. In the summer of 1983, a temperature of -89 degrees was recorded here.

Even in this “weather” there is active activity at the station. Scientists are exploring the climate of Antarctica and its unique nature, as well as Lake Vostok, located under four kilometers of ice.

Station "Plateau"

This US-owned station was used for only three years in the early 60s. At the moment, the station is not operational, but it is possible that in the future it will again meet brave Antarctic researchers.

4 scientists and 4 military personnel worked at the station, who initially had to devote only two years to their activities. However, the work dragged on for another year: the results of the research interested the US government and it was decided to leave naturalists at the station for a longer period. True, information about what interested scientists so much and why the military were with them on the “Plateau” is still not known to the general public.

The average annual temperature at the station reached -18.3 degrees: this is even lower than at the Vostok station. And the lowest indicator was the thermometer value -86.2 degrees.

Oymyakon city

This city, located in Yakutia, is considered the coldest populated area on the planet. Oymyakon is located beyond the Arctic Circle at an altitude of 700 meters above sea level. In addition, the city is built in a lowland, as a result of which icy air collects near houses at night. Due to the peculiar geographical location the difference between day and night temperatures can reach 20 degrees.

The lowest temperature recorded in Oymyakon was -64 degrees Celsius, but there is evidence that in 1938 the thermometer dropped to -78 degrees.

Naturally, it is impossible to grow fruits and vegetables in such conditions. Food products are brought to Oyamyakon by air. True, this can only be done in summer: in winter, the runway freezes over and does not function.

Surprisingly, translated from the Yakut language, “Oymyakon” means “non-freezing water.” This paradox is connected with the fact that not far from the city there are springs with burning water that really do not freeze even in the most severe cold.

Icemitte station

Ismitte - polar station of Alfred Wegener's expedition. The station is located on the Greenland Ice Sheet.

The name of the station is translated from Greenlandic as “middle of the ice.” And this is not surprising. After all, all the premises of the station are made of snow and blocks of ice.

In the early 1930s, an expedition was sent to the station, whose members were supposed to record temperature indicators and engage in meteorological research. It was possible to find out that the temperature in this point of the globe drops to -65 degrees. However, this knowledge came at a considerable price. Alfred Wegner himself, as well as one of his colleagues Rasmus Villumsen, died from the cold. Another researcher had to amputate frostbitten toes without using painkillers, which, unfortunately, were not available at the station. Perhaps this is why the research was not continued and the station is currently abandoned.

Mount McKinley

Mount McKinley is located in Alaska. The mountain received its current name in honor of the 25th American President William McKinley. The height of the mountain is 6194 meters. When the mountain belonged Russian Empire, it was called Bolshoi.
McKinley is considered the coldest mountain on the planet. The temperature at its top is winter time can drop to -55 degrees.