Naval special forces of the Navy. Naval special forces Tof "Kholuai"
Special Forces Marine Corps RF - specialized forces included in the Russian Navy. The fighters of this unit have special training in order to conduct reconnaissance and subversive activities at sea and areas located close to coastline. They are sometimes called combat swimmers, but in fact, their specialty correctly sounds like “reconnaissance diver”. Most of their operations are aimed at reconnaissance of enemy positions, so units such as ground reconnaissance are subordinate to - General Staff GRU.
Tasks and structure of the special forces of the Russian Navy
Many people realize that special forces are more trained and perform tasks that cannot be performed by other units, but to fully understand it is necessary to know what missions they perform Russian special forces Marine Corps.
Missions performed by naval special forces:
- Landing operations that are carried out on the water.
- Mining of enemy coastal bases and their naval vessels.
- Reconnaissance or destruction of sea or coastal missile attack weapons or objects with which they are controlled.
- Reconnaissance of the enemy's location in sea or coastal areas, regulation of airstrikes and the operation of naval artillery.
When the country is not in a state of war, it seems that these skills are not in demand, but this is not entirely true, of course, they are not used on a massive scale, but naval special forces help to counteract terrorist organizations. After all, hostage taking on ships or resort areas can cause quite a lot of panic.
The Marine Corps is practicing interaction with other military formations, which helps develop coordination of actions in the event of local or global conflicts.
At the moment special forces Navy includes 4 MRP (marine reconnaissance point). Their number corresponds to the number of fleets that exist in the Russian Federation.
Name:
- Military unit 59190 -42 separate naval reconnaissance point special purpose in the Pacific Fleet. Located in the Vladivostok region.
- 561OMRP Special Forces in the Baltic Fleet. Located in the village of Parusnoye, Baltic region.
- 420 OMRP Special Forces in the Northern Fleet. Located in the village of Polyarny, Murmansk region.
- Military unit 51212 - 137 OMRP Special Forces in the Black Sea Fleet. Located in the city of Tuapse.
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The location of maritime reconnaissance points is not accidental; they are located on the territory in such a way that it would be more convenient for the GRU of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces of the given region to work with them. A fully staffed staff should consist of 4 autonomous groups 14 people each.
It is important to note that the technical personnel who ensure the serviceability of equipment and communication with combat groups are 20% larger than the number of fighters.
At each point there are 3 groups, each of which has its own specialization. Of course, they can perform common missions, but personalized training allows them to gain the greatest advantage over the enemy.
Specialization:
- The preparation of the first group is aimed at the fastest and complete destruction of objects located in coastal areas. Moreover, their training is not only related to water, but is also in many ways similar to what the GRU ground detachments undergo.
- The training of the second group is aimed at discreetly collecting information about the enemy’s location.
- The preparation of the third group is unique and includes large number training to move unnoticed in water, which is very important, because the main task of such fighters is mining.
But all these units, although they are distinguished by in-depth skills in a certain area, at the same time have general skills. So, all of them should work well when landing from the air, land or sea. Therefore, it is especially important to physically and psychological health, which is why these troops are recruited only after the most difficult tests.
Selection for naval special forces
A serviceman passing through contract service, cadet maritime school, or a conscript who wants to connect his life with work in the army. But it is important to understand that to overcome all the stress you will need a certain physical form.
Physique:
- Height should be approximately 175 cm.
- Weight fluctuates around 75-80 kg.
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First, the profiles of those who are not suitable for scuba diving are screened out. Be it health problems or unsuitable physique. After this, the remaining applications are carefully reviewed by the psychological report. Personal qualities are especially important for special forces.
Stages of testing for suitability for service in the Russian Marine Corps:
- First they check physical fitness, and only those who completed the task are selected. A man must complete a forced march of 30 km, carrying 30 kg of ammunition.
- Those who have withstood the physical test are subjected to psychological stress, this is necessary in order to find out their reaction to being in an unusual situation for a long time, with an unknown enemy. The easiest way is a night in a cemetery, when applicants must spend the dark time of day among the graves. This place has quite a strong influence psychological state, and 3% of participants drop out.
- Testing using a simulated torpedo tube. To pass the test, you must swim 12 m in a narrow enclosed space. The width of the pipe is 53 cm, which is very narrow for a person wearing a light diving suit. Together with surrounding water this test reveals even the slightest manifestation of claustrophobia or hydrophobia.
- Helmet blowing occurs underwater when the participant first has to dive to a shallow depth and open the mask so that water fills the helmet. After this, the mask is returned to its place and the water is released through a special valve. Quite a serious test that shows whether the candidate can remain calm in critical situations on which his life depends. In this case, the normal result is considered to be both a passed test and if the first attempt is failed. But if a candidate cannot cope with himself several times, then he is eliminated.
- For the final test of physical endurance and psychological stability applicants are required to swim 1.5 km underwater using a diving suit. In this case, the air cylinder had a pressure of 170 atmospheres. When the person was in a calm state, he used correct technique breathing, the pressure decreased by only 4-6 atmospheres. But if a man was breathing incorrectly (through his mouth), panicking, or exhibiting another state of altered consciousness, then the pressure could drop to 30 atmospheres.
- Special forces are not lone saboteurs, so it is important for them mutual trust and the atmosphere in the team. Due to the fact that there were quite a lot of previous tests, and they could not be completed in 1 day, the remaining fighters already know each other quite well. Therefore, everyone is provided with lists of fellow students and asked to determine with whom they would like to work in pairs. The higher the number, the less desire to cooperate with this person. Those who dialed greatest number points, eliminated.
It is almost impossible to find any information about the naval special forces of the Russian Navy in the public domain. And there are very good reasons for this, because these people are considered one of the most elite military units in the country, special requirements are placed on them so that the soldiers can fully fulfill their role for reconnaissance and sabotage purposes in coastal areas. Analogues of special forces exist in many countries of the world, especially in those that have a strong navy. They can be seen in France, the USA, Turkey, China, and in each of them only the very best go to such special forces. strong fighters. This article will talk in detail about what the special forces of the Russian Navy are. " Sea devils" - this is how they got the name in everyday life.
Beginning of formation
Units similar to special forces began to appear in many countries around the world shortly before the outbreak of World War II. The first experiments began only in 1938 in the Pacific Fleet, and then in the Black Sea.
At first, reconnaissance officers, who were equipped with light diving uniforms, were used to carry out operations - they were supposed to cut enemy anti-submarine networks at depth. However, until 1941, such exercises had practically no meaning, and therefore the authorities did not allow the new unit to develop. That is why, after the start of the war, they had to be created in great haste - already in August 1941, the first unit of combat swimmers appeared. Even now, special forces are often called that way, although in their role they are more similar to “reconnaissance divers.”
Role in the war
The special forces that began to appear had very great value in military operations during the Second World War. The special forces accounted for quite a few large operations that made it possible to inflict damage on the German navy. In addition, in 1944, members of the naval special forces for the first time participated in the recovery of a sunken German submarine, which had to be raised from extreme depths. It was on it that torpedoes of a special design were discovered, about which scientists from the allied countries knew nothing.
After the end of the war in 1945, the new reconnaissance detachment was disbanded and remained in oblivion until 1952.
Second stage of development
In 1952, the resumption of the formation of naval special forces was explained not so much by military need, but by the fact that in foreign troops such units were developing with all their might with the support of the state.
Rear Admiral L.K. Bekrenev put forward an initiative, which was accepted by the Minister of Navy, after which the formation of special forces of the Russian Navy gradually began in his modern form. It began to operate in full only by 1960, although subsequently new detachments also continued to be formed in new fleets. A special camp was opened, which was engaged in training and combat training of naval fighters.
Activities of the detachment
In order to in the best possible way To understand what naval special forces are, you need to know exactly what tasks are included in its activities. First of all, these include:
- Water landing operations.
- Laying mines on sea vessels and coastal bases of Russia's military opponents during hostilities.
- Reconnaissance or complete destruction of sea or coastal objects that can act as missile attack weapons, as well as reconnaissance of the location of enemies in the sea or coastal zone.
In addition to this, in peacetime Naval special forces help counter terrorist organizations, but such operations are carried out only in isolated cases. Quite often they also team up with other military units to carry out coordinated actions and attacks.
Call
As mentioned earlier, the special forces of the Russian Navy were inherited from the USSR, but since those times the order of recruiting this army has changed quite significantly. If previously conscription and selection on the basis of good physical fitness were enough, now, when army service is only one year, such a practice is not justified, because in this case, elite troops will simply lose their status.
Selection criteria
Although now both conscripts and contract soldiers can pass the selection based on their documents, there is a very strict set of criteria that the recruit must meet. These criteria include:
- good health and physical fitness - the optimal height should be about 175 cm and weight about 75-80 kg. It is a person who fits these parameters who can withstand the heaviest underwater loads.
- Optimal mental state - the special forces of the Russian Navy are currently prohibited from taking orphans or children from single-parent families. The main thing here was considered not so much courage or other similar traits, but psychological stability, which is most clearly manifested in children from large families.
Elimination stages
In addition to studying the questionnaires and candidates, a screening procedure must take place. It is carried out in several stages so that the most adequate applicants can be selected:
- The first stage includes a forced march. Its distance is almost a marathon - 30 km, and candidates are loaded with an additional weight of 30 kg.
- The second stage is a test for psychological stability. To test it, fighters are left overnight in cemeteries to spend the test on the graves.
- Next came a very tough test - a pipe test. The candidate must swim through a tube half filled with water, about 10 meters long, wearing diving equipment.
- Bleeding a helmet is a very difficult test, since after diving to a depth you need to open your helmet slightly so that it is completely filled with water, and then close it to blow water out of a special bleed valve. To pass this test, several attempts are given, since many people cannot pass it the first time.
- A 1-mile test swim to determine the candidate's swimming capabilities. Each candidate is given an air cylinder, which at the finish must show almost the same volume as at the start. This is considered an indication that the swim was normal and calm breathing.
- The "weakest link" is considered the most last test for professional suitability. He reveals psychological compatibility fighters. To check it, a questionnaire is given with the names of all the fighters, where everyone must indicate with whom exactly he wants to go on reconnaissance first, second and last. Such a survey is conducted completely anonymously, so at the end all points are summed up, and those who scored them larger number, are kicked out of the program.
Only after this can candidates wear new uniform special forces of the Russian Navy and be considered its members. Failed candidates also remain in the squad, but they only do chores.
Standards
As you can understand, members of the naval special forces are quite different in requirements from the army, since they do not need to be good combat masters in the first place. Although combat training is highly valued, only psychologically stable people who can plunge into the depths of the sea to different depths without fear can get here in the first place.
The process of special forces training is ongoing. The program itself is unusually rich: fighters gain knowledge and put into practice training in diving, naval, mountain special, airborne, fire and many other types of activities. It follows from this that the standards set for combat swimmers of the special forces of the Russian Navy are quite high. Almost all information on this issue is kept secret, but there are still several well-known requirements:
- running 3 km in no more than 10 minutes, as well as a hundred meters in 12 seconds;
- 25 pull-ups, untimed;
- 90 push-ups.
These requirements are the most minimal, but in practice there are much more of them, since only the strongest fighters are recruited to serve in the ranks of the special forces of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion
Navy special forces are one of the most elite troops, which only exist in Russia, since in order to obtain significant results, fighters must undergo intensive training and have high psychological stability.
Such service is considered extremely dangerous not only because of psychological pressure, but also constant moral and physical overload. Previously, mortality in such units reached several people per month, although now this figure has noticeably decreased. But despite this, sea fighters still remain one of best options, which have the country's authorities to carry out sabotage and reconnaissance.
Composition of the Navy special forces:42nd naval reconnaissance point (Russky Island, Khalulai Bay, Vladivostok region, Pacific Fleet);
420th naval reconnaissance point (Polyarny village, Murmansk district, Northern Fleet);
431st naval reconnaissance point (Tuapse, Black Sea Fleet);
561st naval reconnaissance point (p. Sailing district Baltiysk, Kaliningrad region, BF).
IN official documents A Navy Special Forces fighter is called a “reconnaissance diver.” They are armed with: 5.45mm AK-74 assault rifles and its modifications, 5.66mm underwater special APS assault rifles, 5.45mm double-medium ADS assault rifles, 9mm special silent AS Val assault rifles, 9mm APB pistols, 7.62mm special pistols PSS, 4.5 mm underwater pistols SPP-1 (SPP-1 M), various samples sniper weapons, mining/demining equipment, technical reconnaissance equipment, communications equipment, light diving equipment (breathing apparatus, including closed regenerative type IDA-71 and SGV-98, wetsuits, masks, fins, etc.), technical means of delivery to sea and enemy coastal targets (inflatable boats, double towing divers "Sirena" and "Sirena-UME", three-seat towing divers "Marina", towing divers "Som-1" and "Som-3", "Proteus-5M" and "Proteus- 5MU", "Proton" and "Proton-U", group six-seater towing divers "Grozd").
If necessary during execution special operations detachments of "reconnaissance divers" can be assigned to airplanes, helicopters, surface ships and submarines.
Submarines are used to achieve maximum secrecy in the landing of combat swimmers. Combat swimmers can disembark from submarines through torpedo tubes at low speed or while they are on the ground. When landing saboteurs on the move, a special buoy is first released onto the surface of the water, connected to the submarine by a towing and guiding cable. Holding on to it, swimmers float up and are towed behind the buoy on short poles until the entire group exits or the inflatable boat rises to the surface. The exit of combat swimmers from a boat lying on the ground is made from a depth of 20-30 m with a favorable bottom topography. In addition, together with the combat swimmers, the towing vehicles exit through the torpedo tube. The way the towing vehicle exits the torpedo tube can be different. You can load the divers' towing vehicle into the torpedo tube along with the divers and then push it out with a push rod, and then launch the propellers. Or you can load the towing vehicle into one device, release the diver from the other, and again push the towing vehicle out with a rod pusher, which is included in the standard equipment of the boat.
Surface ships (mainly fast boats) are used to deliver combat swimmers when stealth is not paramount to the mission, for example to strengthen the defense of underwater structures and other objects in a limited area. The boats, including air-cushion landing craft, are capable of carrying up to 20 or more people with full equipment. They can be delivered to the enemy coast on landing dock ships and then released through the dock chambers to the combat area.
Airplanes and helicopters are used if necessary fast delivery combat swimmers at considerable distances from bases. They are dropped into the water, for example, from a helicopter from a height of 5-6 m, and with the help of a parachute - from a height of 800-6000 m. When using gliding parachutes, landing on land and water is possible at a distance of up to 11-16 km from the release point, which allows the carrier aircraft not to approach the coast at a dangerous distance and makes it difficult for the enemy to determine the landing area, and sometimes the purpose of his flight. During an air landing, underwater tugs, inflatable boats and cargo containers can be released simultaneously.
Combat swimmers are capable of reaching sabotage objects independently by swimming with the help of fins or using both single and multi-seat towing vehicles of the “wet” and “dry” type. When approaching the shore, tugboats and cargo containers are secured to the ground and, if possible, camouflaged. If there is a need for them in the future, then hydroacoustic beacons can be installed on these means, which are automatically turned on at a given time or by a command signal. Further movement of combat swimmers to the shore is carried out with the help of fins.
Officer training is carried out at the Faculty of Special Intelligence of the Novosibirsk Higher Combined Arms command school, and the training of “reconnaissance divers” is carried out directly at the MCI.
The training system for special forces and anti-sabotage groups of the Navy was strikingly different from the methods used in other law enforcement agencies. It all started with a strict selection of candidates for “amphibian people.” For six months, conscripts who had scuba diving and sports skills before the army were trained in a special program, where physical and psychological stress was close to the limit. According to the testimony of former combat swimmers, one of the tests was a night march without specifying the distance and running time. And when complete physical exhaustion set in in the morning, psychological stability began to manifest itself.
After transferring from a training unit to a combat unit, conscripts began theoretical and practical training. The mandatory course included diving, airborne, navigation and topographical, mountain special, maritime, physical training, mine demolition, hand-to-hand combat, survival in any conditions, the study of foreign armies and theaters of war, radio business and much more necessary in modern warfare.The main objects of sabotage actions of combat swimmers are: large surface ships, submarines in their base areas, berthing and hydraulic structures of ports. They may also be missile systems, factories, airfields, command posts, radar stations, communication centers, warehouses and other important facilities located on the coast. In addition, combat swimmers are capable of conducting reconnaissance in coastal waters and on the shore, destroy anti-landing barriers and natural obstacles in the areas of planned amphibious landings, prepare sections of the coast for the approach of amphibious landing craft and landing sites for helicopters, as well as ensure the landing of intelligence groups on the enemy’s coast and fight against its combat swimmers.
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Yesterday, looking through the event feed in social network On VKontakte, I came across a photograph in one of the groups called “Somewhere in the forests of Russky Island.” It depicts a soldier with a flag of military unit 59190 42 OMRPSN. This rather outlandish abbreviation was left to us as a legacy from the USSR.
This part is known to all Primorye residents, and very many residents Far East generally under a different name - “Kholuy”. This is part of the combat swimmers of the Pacific Fleet, working in the interests of the fleet and the GRU.
Kholuai (there are 2 more variants of the name - Khaluai/Kholulai) can be considered one of the unique symbols of our region. And since I’m describing memorable/military sights of the Far East, I decided that I simply had to tell you about it, dear readers and colleagues.
I myself first heard this name - Kholuai (or rather, Kholulai) when I came from Sakhalin to study in Khabarovsk. The man whose friend and I long time rented an apartment when I served conscript service in the Pacific Fleet. Went on long ocean voyages. Then I learned a lot of new and interesting things about Indian Ocean, Adene. I saw naval photographs from the late 70s - early 80s.
And among other things, we were then told about the top secret units of Pacific Fleet combat swimmers, who also served on ships. Solving, of course, your specific problems.
In general, when it comes to Kholuay, the question of extremely scant information about life/service/training methods in naval special forces units of the USSR Navy comes up. In general, about all parts. These were practically the most secret units in the country.
And where there is no reliable information, a lot of rumors and legends arise. Yes, exactly legends.
There is so much to hear about the fighters of this unit and what they did. Every “armchair expert” wants to say that he personally knew or served there. He saw everything and knows for sure.
I can say one thing. Those people who served/are serving in the MCI SPN are either completely silent, avoiding service issues, or limit themselves to general phrases about how they got there and what they did.
I know this from my own experience. Simply because I once worked in a company where my senior colleague was a Kholulite. Common phrases. Common words. Non-disclosure agreement. State secret.
Only one thing - these are still people of a special cut. Marine. The sea makes a person different. Gives a different attitude towards life and death. A different perspective on many things.
Kholuai is still alive today. The part, after a long half-dead state of the troubled times of the 90s, is again operating in full force. As knowledgeable people say: “It’s not possible to get into the location. Already on the approaches - head straight into the ground" :)))
Personally, I do not have any secret information, and I am not going to reveal state secrets.
I just want you, dear colleagues, to taste at least a little of the sensations of the Far Eastern Primorye - a free land, with beautiful nature and wonderful people. And they knew that there was such a strange thing, delicious word — HOLUAY, behind which stands the glorious history of the Pacific Fleet.
SPECIAL PURPOSE MARINE INTELLIGENCE CENTER
Naval reconnaissance parachute units (naval reconnaissance points) were created in the early 50s in the naval reconnaissance system.
Back on May 20, 1953, Commander-in-Chief of the Navy N.G. Kuznetsov, in the “Plan of Measures to Strengthen Navy Intelligence,” approved the creation of special-purpose units in the fleet. In the summer of the same year, the first special purpose maritime reconnaissance point (MRp SpN) was formed in the Black Sea Fleet, the commander of which was appointed captain 1st rank E.V. Yakovlev. The naval reconnaissance point was stationed in the area of Kruglaya Bay near Sevastopol and had a staff of 72 personnel. One of the types of combat training was airborne, where naval reconnaissance officers mastered parachute jumps, including water jumps.
Experimental exercises confirmed the need to create similar units in all fleets. As a result, a total of seven maritime reconnaissance points and the 315th training detachment of light divers (military unit 20884) were formed, which trained personnel, including for maritime special reconnaissance. The training detachment was stationed in Kyiv, and naval reconnaissance points were scattered across all fleets: two each in the Black Sea and Baltic fleets, one each in the Northern and Pacific, and one more was part of the Caspian flotilla.
The naval special forces adopted a special diver's parachute, SVP-1, which made it possible to land a naval reconnaissance officer in full diving gear. Scouts of the Black Sea Fleet repeatedly performed low-altitude parachute landings from a height of 60-70 m during exercises.
According to the results of an audit conducted by a GRU commission in 1963, the combat readiness of naval special forces turned out to be quite high. The commission came to the conclusion that all naval reconnaissance points are prepared for landing from a submarine, as well as for parachute landing on rough terrain with cargo in night conditions. In addition, 23 reconnaissance personnel of the 42nd Marine Corps of the Pacific Fleet are prepared for parachute jumps onto the water.
A series of reorganizations by 1963 left each fleet with one naval reconnaissance point, and in the Northern Fleet, due to the complex climatic conditions The naval reconnaissance post was disbanded.
Composition of special reconnaissance units of the USSR Navy:
17th ObrSpN military unit 34391, Black Sea Fleet, Ochakov, Pervomaisky Island;
42nd MRPSPN military unit 59190, Pacific Fleet, Vladivostok, Russky Island;
160th infantry regiment of the Black Sea Fleet, Odessa;
420th MRSPPN military unit 40145, Northern Fleet, Severomorsk;
431st MRSPSpN military unit 25117, KasFl, Baku;
457th MRPSPN military unit 10617, BF, Kaliningrad, Parusnoye village;
461st MRSPN, BF, Baltiysk.
SPECIAL FORCES TOF KHOLUAY: 42 OMRRP SN: Military unit 59190
The legendary “secret part of Kholuai” in Vladivostok celebrates its 60th anniversary on June 5. On this day in 1955, in accordance with the directive of the General Staff of the Navy of March 18, 1955, with a location in Maly Ulysses Bay near Vladivostok, 42 MCI Special Forces were created in the Pacific Fleet (military unit 59190). Due to the lack of necessary premises, deployment in the indicated location turned out to be impossible, and only in December of the same year the personnel were located at the permanent deployment point on Russky Island in Kholuai Bay.
Map of English: Sights of the island, incl. and location of MCI |
The history of the 42nd separate special-purpose maritime reconnaissance point began on March 18, 1955. At first, like other naval special forces units formed earlier in the Red Banner Baltic Fleet and the Black Sea Fleet, it was called the “Maritime Reconnaissance Point.” In the 1970s, naval reconnaissance points received the names RPSpN, retaining the point numbers.
Chevrons and badges 42 MRp SN |
The founder of the unit is a twice Hero Soviet Union, captain 1st rank Viktor Leonov. At the end of World War II, he commanded the 140th Guards Marine Reconnaissance Detachment of the Pacific Fleet. This detachment became famous for its daring operations and rightfully bore the title of Guards.
Considering that military unit 59190 was created precisely on the basis of this detachment, the command repeatedly came up with the initiative to return the former name of the unit. The first commander of the 42nd RSPPN was Captain 2nd Rank Pyotr Kovalenko. The location of the unit at the founding of the 42nd MCI was designated Maly Ulysses Bay near Vladivostok, but there were no premises there. During 1955, the point changed its location more than once, choosing a convenient location. Only at the beginning of December 1955, the personnel of the 42nd MCI were relocated on Russky Island to Kholuai Bay, the permanent location of military unit 59190. Subsequently, the staff of the 42nd OMRPSpN changed several times.
On the day of the 60th anniversary of the “secret part of Kholuai”, a monument to Viktor Leonov was unveiled on its territory.
Monument to twice hero of the USSR Viktor Leonov |
Also, the underwater sabotage carrier “Triton-2” was installed as a monument on the territory of the unit. Exactly the same one can be seen today in the courtyard of the KTOF Museum on Svetlanskaya Street. The Triton-2 midget submarines were in service with the fleet from 1975 to the 1990s. They were intended for patrolling the waters of ports and roadsteads, delivering and evacuating reconnaissance divers, mining piers and enemy ships, and exploring the seabed.
Chairman of the Council of the Primorsky Regional Branch " Combat Brotherhood", reserve colonel, who retired from the post of chief of staff of a marine division in 2000, Alexander Fedorov, recalls with warm feelings the years spent serving in the naval special forces.
“Only healthy guys according to all medical criteria could get into the special forces. In this unit there was completely different training, special tasks were performed. Serving in naval special forces is an honorable, but extremely difficult job that not everyone can handle,” noted the reserve colonel.
Military unit 59190 included the following ships: MTL - a naval torpedo boat and five boats, and for landing in the surface version, the Kholuai naval special forces used inflatable boats SML-8.
Combat service Kholuai fighters of the Pacific Fleet special forces take place on Pacific Fleet ships. The presence of the 42nd OMRPSpN with all the necessary equipment and weapons on board the ship meant that the Kholuai naval special forces were ready to parachute into a special events area or reconnaissance area at any time. Groups of the 42nd OMRPSpN carry out combat service and submarines. Such business trips last about two months. The combat service of the Kholuai naval special forces on surface ships lasts up to six months.
“I would love to go back to those times, if only because I was young then.” Despite our special forces status, we, like all military personnel, had leave of absence. It was impossible to sit “behind the wire” all the time! Still, youth, girls,” Alexander Fedorov says nostalgically.
The reserve colonel noted that the scouts of the 42nd OMRPSpN fought in the first Chechen campaign. A group of 10 people from the Kholuai naval special forces acted successfully, but 3 of them died. All members of the Kholuai group of the Pacific Fleet special forces were awarded by the Russian Federation. Ensign Andrei Dneprovsky and senior lieutenant Sergei Firsov were awarded the title of Hero of Russia (posthumously).
During their existence, underwater reconnaissance saboteurs also carried out combat missions in the Persian Gulf, Pacific and Indian oceans.
Writer, journalist Alexey Sukonkin in 1993-94 he served in a special forces unit ground forces, but from time to time some of them were also in the naval special forces.
— In the 90s, there, as in the entire army, there was devastation and collapse. Little attention was paid to the army and navy, so people there were focused on survival; there was no time for combat training,” said Alexey Sukonkin.
He noted that today everything is different. Some thrive, not survive.
People who meet the requirements for service in the naval special forces go to serve in airborne troops. The service life is standard: conscripts – one year, contract soldiers – 3 and 5 years,” said Alexey Sukonkin.
The unit still remains one of the most secret units of the Pacific Fleet and is rightfully considered elite in terms of the level of combat training of its personnel.
The special forces of the Pacific Fleet are aimed at solving problems against the enemy’s most important island and coastal targets, for which they are armed with underwater delivery vehicles, special weapon and combat robots. But the most important thing is people - trained, motivated, capable of the impossible.
HOLUAI: WHAT IS THIS?
On Russky Island, the only Chinese toponym preserved is Kholuai Bay (Se-Huluai). The bay with a beautiful and rare name for Russian-Island toponymy, Kholuai, is translated from Chinese as “a shore in the shape of a gourd.” "
Kholuai" - formed by three components: "hu" - small egg (jug), "lu" - reeds, "ai" - shore, edge, edge of the mountain. IN Soviet period a new Russian interpretation of it began to appear on military topographic maps - “Ostrovnaya”.
However, the new name did not take root well, so for everyone who knew Kholuai Bay, it is still called that way.
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AFTERWORD
After this article was published, I received an email from a person who suggested adding this material Andrey Zagortsev’s book “Sailor Special Forces”. The author is a fairly well-known military writer who served in military service in Kholuay and fought in Chechnya. Afterwards he returned to the 42nd MrP as a lieutenant.
The book is truly interesting. She's wonderful for her in simple language, lots of details. Personally, for me, it very much resembles the work of Andrei Ilyin, whom I respect very much.
Anyone who wants to experience the essence of the service of a reconnaissance diver is a must read.
The Kholuai special forces flag of the Pacific Fleet is a unique new item in the Voentorg flag collection of the Voenpro online store, representing 42 OMRPSpN.
Characteristics
- 42 OMRpSN
- Navy special forces
- 42 OMRpSN
The history of the 42nd separate special-purpose maritime reconnaissance point began on March 18, 1955. At first, like other naval special forces units formed earlier in the Red Banner Baltic Fleet and the Black Sea Fleet, it was called the “Maritime Reconnaissance Point.” In the 1970s, naval reconnaissance points received the names RPSpN, retaining the point numbers. The 42nd MRI was initially commanded by Petr Prokopyevich Kovalenko.
Many believe that the history of the point dates back to 140 OMRO Pacific Fleet, which at the end of the Second World War was commanded by V. Leonov, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. After the creation of the 42nd OMRPSpN, he repeatedly visited military unit 59190. However, a whole 10 years passed between the existence of the 140th OMRSP of the Pacific Fleet and the formation of the 42nd MCI.
The location of the unit at its founding was designated Maly Ulysses Bay near Vladivostok, but there were no premises there. During 1955, the point changed its location more than once, choosing a convenient location. Only at the beginning of December 1955 the personnel were relocated on Russky Island to Kholuai Bay, the permanent location of military unit 59190.
Subsequently, the staff changed several times. By the end of the 1990s there were about 300 members. Kholuai Pacific Fleet special forces consisted of 3 detachments and several ships. Each detachment of the Kholuai naval special forces had its own specialization and 4 groups, commanded by midshipmen. Later the staff was transferred to a company structure. The composition included the following ships: MTL - naval topredolov and 5 boats, and for landing in the surface version, the naval special forces Kholuai used inflatable boats SML-8.
Combat service takes place on ships of the Pacific Fleet. Being with all the necessary equipment and weapons on board the ship meant that the Kholuai naval special forces were ready to parachute into a special events area or reconnaissance area at any time. The groups also carry out combat service on submarines. Such business trips last about 2 months. The combat service of the Kholuai naval special forces on surface ships lasts up to six months.
In 1982, a group of naval special forces carried out special tasks in the tactical exercise “Team Spirit-82”. Until 1995, it was fundamentally not used in combat situations; the fighters were not even in Afghanistan. But the scouts fought in the first Chechen campaign. A group of 10 people acted successfully, but 3 of them died. All members of the group were awarded awards from the Russian Federation. Ensign Andrei Vladimirovich Dneprovsky, a Khalulaevsky who died from a bullet from a Dudayev sniper, was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Russia. The second group of Khalulaevites, prepared to operate as part of a marine regiment, was not used.
Throughout its history, military unit 59190 has been considered elite. A potential enemy has virtually no opportunity to penetrate the territory of military unit 59190. The Khalulaevites, as Navy combat swimmers are popularly called, undergo special parachute and diving training. There are legends about them; they say that the Kholuai naval special forces can capture an aircraft carrier without making a single noise, and they also say that a Kholuai soldier is capable of cutting the throat with a piece of paper. Kholuai is not just special forces, it is a detachment of underwater saboteurs who have high intelligence.