Mutual knowledge - openness and trust. Trust and openness create synergy

The problem of perceiving and understanding other people arises before us, as a rule, when we establish and maintain contact with them. How others understand us depends to a large extent on our behavior - we can help or hinder others from perceiving us correctly. Everyone can ask themselves the following questions: “Do other people know me well?”, “Is it easy for them to understand me?”, “Do I know and understand myself?”, “Do I help others understand me better?” The best and most immediate form of help here is our own openness.

Openness is, first of all, the ability to be honest and natural in relationships with people. Such behavior, although not a guarantee of absolute mutual understanding, still helps others understand us better. In order for openness and sincerity to be mutual, you must also be able to respond to manifestations of frankness on the part of your partner so that he feels accepted and supported.

The degree of openness can not wear random nature, it depends on the current situation and the characteristics of the unfolding contact. It is desirable that it be related to what is happening in at the moment in partners and between them.

I have already written that during periods of crisis in relations between people, openness becomes special meaning, and the ability to be open depends on the degree of awareness and acceptance of oneself. The connection between self-awareness and openness can be illustrated using a model called "Johari Window"* in honor of the two psychologists who created this model.



* The name of the model uses abbreviations of the names and surnames of its authors. – Approx. translation

Each person is only partially aware of everything that makes up the content of his “I”. It can also be said that the people around us only partially understand us. To hide from others and from ourselves some important information, we must spend our attention and energy on this, so the more open we are, the more information accessible and known, the more likely it is that our communication with others will be full and deep, expressive and effective.

In accordance with the model, one can imagine that each person carries within himself, as it were, four “spaces” of his personality.

As can be seen from this model, the strengthening and deepening of relationships between people leads to an increase in the size of open and understandable “spaces” and a decrease in the size of closed and inaccessible to understanding “spaces” of the individual. When we are open, others have the opportunity to learn more about us, which increases the likelihood of good mutual understanding and, at the same time, deeper self-knowledge. When we close ourselves off from others, we become less aware of ourselves. By opening up to others, we gain some guarantee that they will help us see in ourselves what was previously inaccessible to us. The more aware we become of this area, the more open we can be with others.

I already wrote above about feedback - information, which we can supply to others and which contains our response to their behavior. The purpose of feedback is, first of all, to help others become more aware of how we perceive their actions, what feelings they evoke in us, and how they affect our state and behavior. Ability to provide feedback in such a way as not to cause in the partner a feeling of threat emanating from us and so as not to provoke psychological self-defense in him, this is extremely important and is not at all easy to develop.

8. Trust and openness

Description:

This characteristic shows the level of emotional security in employee relationships. When there is trust, people are open and sincere. Employees can count on support from their colleagues and respect each other. When trust is absent, people become suspicious and closely guard themselves and their ideas. In such a situation, open communication is extremely difficult.

Managers ask themselves:

Are people talking behind their backs at my company?

From the book The Decline of the Dollar Empire and the End of “Pax Americana” author Kobyakov Andrey Borisovich

Openness as a lever of influence However, this was not enough. It was necessary to supplement this mechanism with two fundamental components. The first of them was to protect the United States from those countries that, due to their unique national and geographical features

From the book The Business Way: Rupert Murdoch. 10 secrets of the world's largest media mogul by Craner Stewart

Trust The third aspect of leadership that Bennis identifies is trust, which he defines as “the emotional glue that binds the leader and his followers.” The compatibility of leaders and subordinates must be visible. It is easy to make sure that Murdoch trusts his subordinates -

From the book Strategic management author Ansoff Igor

3.4.1. Degree of variability - aggressiveness - openness In this chapter we want to translate the basic provisions of strategy development (3.2.7) into the language of practical procedures for choosing the necessary company strategy and resources for its implementation. The provisions of the theory are emphasized

From the book Great Company. How to become your dream employer author Robin Jennifer

Trust You can often hear that people join a company but leave its leaders. Although this rule is not universal, often employees actually go looking for new opportunities when they understand that in their relationships with their superiors

by Karlgaard Rich

Trust Trust is a fundamental intangible competitive advantage. It is determined by the answers to two key questions. First, does the external market—consumers and shareholders—trust you? Secondly, does the internal market trust you - your employees?

From the book A healthy business has a healthy mind. How great companies develop immunity to crises by Karlgaard Rich

Trust Begets Trust I know this is a broad generalization, but in business we don't tend to trust anyone too much. Indeed, entire industries have risen by offering a variety of trust-related products, from trust tests to

by Brockbank Wayne

Trust Trust accounts for just under a quarter of HR's impact on performance, making it an important competency in its own right, in addition to its role in strategy game. The category “trust” consists of half of the previous one successful work, a third – from interpersonal

From the book HR in the fight for competitive advantage by Brockbank Wayne

The result of HR improvement: professionalism and openness to learning. The program we offer uses the principles of training mature students in the professional development of HR employees. The most important lesson we have learned is not to forget about our own

author Giulioni Julia

Openness to Learning in the Workplace You've probably already memorized the refrain in this book: You don't have to do everything yourself. Encourage openness by building connections between subordinates. How more people involved in the employee career support cycle, so

From the book Help Them Grow or Watch Them Go. Employee development in practice author Giulioni Julia

New look to openness In their quest for leadership and networking, people tend to focus on what they can get. However, it is much wiser to think about what they themselves can give. Mentoring used to be about giving more knowledgeable person,

by Swytek Frank

Chapter 2 The Power of Trust: Honesty, Openness, and Respect Trust is a critical element in the management process. This is the basis for success, not only for individual managers, but also for the company as a whole. I take this concept very seriously and therefore decided that it

From the book Managers are not born. Hard Lessons in Achieving Real Results by Swytek Frank

The second quality: openness Creating an open work environment is a prerequisite for gaining trust. But what is an “open work environment” and how can a manager create one? An open work environment is one in which employees can speak out

From the book Hunting for Ideas. How to break away from your competitors by breaking all the rules by Sutton Robert

9) Openness is good, closedness is not Openness to ideas from others increases the diversity of ideas in your creative treasury and brings in different points of view, which often helps companies avoid getting bogged down in the quagmire of the past. When you are open to communication with strangers, they

From the book Illumination. How to go beyond the usual and see new business opportunities in change by Burrus Daniel

Trust Not long ago my subscription to my local newspaper ran out. They sent me a notice offering to renew my subscription for $190, but I was away for weeks at the time and was unable to respond in time. When I returned home, I found a message on my answering machine,

From the book Creative approach in teamwork by Noyer Didier

Focus on openness 1. Do you have documentation on related disciplines, access to search engines Internet?2. Do you organize exhibitions creative works, employees or other cultural events?3. Do workers have the opportunity

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Openness Zen Buddhists have a concept called “beginner’s mind.” Zen teachers say this means you experience life like a child, full of curiosity and wonder and open to new things. Openness is one of the fundamental factors

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Mutual knowledge - openness and trust

The problem of perceiving and understanding other people arises before us, as a rule, when we establish and maintain contact with them. How others understand us depends to a large extent on our behavior - we can help or hinder others from perceiving us correctly.

Everyone can ask themselves the following questions: “Do other people know me well?”, “Is it easy for them to understand me?”, “Do I know and understand myself?”, “Do I help others understand me better?” The best and most immediate form of help here is our own openness.

Openness is the willingness to express your thoughts to others, to express your feelings in connection with what was said or done. Being open does not mean telling your partner the most intimate details of your life; this kind of frankness is only possible with real intimacy. But in order to maintain a deep and sincere relationship, partners must clearly understand how the other is feeling at the moment.

Openness is, first of all, the ability to be honest and natural in relationships with people. Such behavior, although not a guarantee of absolute mutual understanding, still helps others understand us better. In order for openness and sincerity to be mutual, you must also be able to respond to manifestations of frankness on the part of your partner so that he feels accepted and supported.

The degree of openness cannot be random; it depends on the current situation and the characteristics of the unfolding contact. It is desirable that it be related to what is currently happening in the partners and between them.

Open and closed “spaces” of personality

Dimensions of “spaces” at the beginning of communication with a person

During periods of crisis in relationships between people, openness takes on special importance, and the ability to be open depends on the degree of awareness and acceptance of oneself.

The connection between self-awareness and openness can be illustrated using a model called the Yogari Window, named after the two psychologists who created the model.

Each person is only partially aware of everything that makes up the content of his “I”. It can also be said that the people around us only partially understand us.

To hide some important information from others and from ourselves, we must spend our attention and energy on it, so the more open we are, the more information is available and known, the more likely it is that our communication with others will be full and deep, expressive and effective.

In accordance with the model, one can imagine that each person carries within himself, as it were, four “spaces” of his personality.

As can be seen from this model, the strengthening and deepening of relationships between people leads to an increase in the size of open and understandable “spaces” and a decrease in the size of closed and inaccessible to understanding “spaces” of the individual.

When we are open, others have the opportunity to learn more about us, which increases the likelihood of good mutual understanding and, at the same time, deeper self-knowledge. When we close ourselves off from others, we become less aware of ourselves.

By opening up to others, we gain some guarantee that they will help us see in ourselves what was previously inaccessible to us. The more aware we become of this area, the more open we can be with others.

As described above, feedback is information that we can provide to others and which contains our reaction to their behavior. The purpose of feedback is, first of all, to help others become more aware of how we perceive their actions, what feelings they evoke in us, and how they affect our state and behavior.

The ability to provide feedback in such a way as not to make our partner feel threatened by us and so as not to provoke psychological self-defense in him is extremely important and is not at all easy to develop. I would like to highlight here some points that increase the effectiveness of feedback.

1. In your comments, try to touch first of all on the characteristics of your partner’s behavior, and not on his personality; try to talk about your partner’s specific actions, and not about your thoughts about your ideas about him as a person.

2. Talk more about your observations rather than the conclusions you reach. Observations are descriptions of what you saw or heard, and conclusions are the result of your interpretation of what you saw, conjectures based on real facts. It is possible that with your help your partner will come to deeper and more correct conclusions. But if you still want to express your thoughts and conclusions, try to emphasize that they are the result of your mental work. Don't create the illusion that your conclusions objectively reflect reality.

3. Try to be descriptive rather than judgmental. When describing, try to simply note what happened or what is currently happening.

Of course, all this does not mean that any assessments should be avoided altogether - this is simply not even possible. However, it should be remembered that assessments and judgments are not the most valuable material for better mutual knowledge and understanding. Descriptions are more informative.

4. When describing the behavior of another person, try to use categories like “to a greater or lesser extent” rather than “you always...” or “you never...”.

When using categories of the first type to describe the behavior of another, emphasize that certain manifestations can be expressed to a greater or lesser extent, and occur with greater or lesser frequency. This is much closer to reality than the assumption that only one or another behavior is possible as an alternative.

The tendency to use language such as “you always...” or “you never...” usually leads to misunderstandings and oversimplifications.

5. Try to focus your attention on the specific actions of your partner in situations that took place very recently, and not on some vague stories of the distant past.

Our behavior is usually related to certain place and time. If we can see this connection, we can understand a lot about human behavior. If something in the behavior of another or in your own reactions has attracted your attention, try to tell him about it as soon as possible (of course, provided that the situation is appropriate) - this increases the value of the information.

6. Try to give as much as possible less advice, it is better to express your thoughts, as if sharing thoughts and information with your partner.

When you share your thoughts with him about him, you leave him the right to freely decide how to use the information received. At the same time, he will be able to proceed from his own goals and capabilities.

The more you talk about what exactly a person should do, the more you limit him in choosing his own way of behavior, for which he could be completely responsible himself.

7. When providing feedback to a person, try to emphasize what can be valuable to him, and not what can bring satisfaction to you personally. Talking to someone about how their behavior is perceived and how it makes them feel can help them better understand how they are perceived by others. At the same time, you should try not to abuse your own needs in expressing feelings, not resort to emotional release, and try not to manipulate others. Feedback, like any other form of help, should be offered rather than forced.

8. Try to give your partner such information and in such quantity that he will be able to use it. When a single “portion” of feedback is overly saturated, there is a possibility that the interlocutor will not be able to effectively and constructively approach what you say to him.

It is pointless to criticize some features of your partner’s behavior or personality that you cannot influence, for example, his physical disabilities - such criticism does not contribute anything constructive to your relationship.

9. Carefully timing your feedback can greatly increase its effectiveness. When you want to tell another person how you perceive him, it is important to choose the right time, place and situation for this. Often, in response to feedback, the partner reacts with serious and deep emotional experiences.

Therefore, you need to be very scrupulous in choosing the circumstances of such a conversation and soberly assess the capabilities of the interlocutor - even the most valuable information conveyed in an inappropriate situation or in an inadequate form can do more harm than good.

10. Remember that both giving and receiving feedback is possible with a certain amount of courage, skill, understanding and respect for yourself and others.

Feedback can contribute to better understanding and deepening relationships between partners, provided that the above considerations are taken into account not only by those who provide it, but also by those for whom it is intended.

Through his reactions, the person receiving feedback can facilitate the process of mutual knowledge and understanding. Here I will offer some thoughts on how to respond to feedback.

1. In order to correctly understand what they want to tell you, you should carefully listen to your interlocutor to the end. As a rule, in response to some not particularly pleasant remarks addressed to us, we very soon stop listening to the words of the interlocutor and begin to prepare for ourselves different arguments in one's favor or arguments for self-defense.

This prevents us from fully accepting information and understanding what we are told.

2. In order to better understand what they are telling us, we can retell in our own words what we heard. This will help you notice all misunderstandings and misunderstandings in time, and avoid erroneously attributing to your interlocutor what he did not say.

Feedback exchange often evokes complex emotional experiences and mobilizes the system psychological protection personality. It is important to take this point into account and check each time what causes certain considerations that arise in us in response to our partner’s words.

3. Feedback contains only a personal point of view and a subjective idea of ​​a particular person about us, and is by no means an answer to the question of what we are. This information only indicates the current state of our relations. An inquisitive person may set out to find out how he is perceived by the most different people, and thus expand the range of his ideas about the subjective experiences that his behavior causes in others. But we must not forget that these ideas will never be complete, just as we ourselves are never immutable and static.

4. When your interlocutor provides you with feedback, this does not mean that you need to immediately change your behavior. It is known that there are many reasons why people strive to change the behavior of others. Feedback exchange is aimed at improving mutual understanding between partners, which makes certain changes in their behavior possible, but not always necessary.

5. Expressing some thoughts to a partner encourages him to respond, and this also helps us better understand how our words are perceived. When you provide feedback, you usually take a certain risk and can never be sure in advance how you will be received. It is therefore very important that partners help each other at this difficult moment.

People are not always willing to openly demonstrate their reactions to the behavior of others. Much more often we hide our feelings because we are afraid of offending or hurting another person, we are afraid of causing their anger, we do not want to be ridiculed or rejected. All this can be avoided if you subtly and skillfully provide feedback to your partner. Thanks to this skill, it is possible to establish deeper and more sincere contacts with other people.

The level of openness in relationships can be increased only based on the desire to improve contacts, and not on the basis of the desire to humiliate or manipulate a partner.

Openness in itself is not a value unless there is a need behind it to improve the quality of relationships. Therefore, attempts to be more frank with those who are truly dear to us are especially valuable. The readiness of partners for mutual openness is closely related to the level of trust between them.

Those who are sincerely interested in improving relationships should be concerned about deepening and strengthening mutual trust.

Each person has his own and, as a rule, very general ideas about what trust is. It seems to me that it is important to define this concept, its essence and manifestations in relations between people.

The signs of trust that I want to present in this book are largely borrowed from the work of Morton Deitch and several other psychologists who specifically studied both this phenomenon and the characteristics of the phenomena of cooperation and willingness to take risks.

You can determine trust in a communication partner as follows:

a) in a situation where a decision is made about whether another person can be trusted, you need to understand that trusting him can be for your benefit or turn against you, your needs, goals, and your sense of self. Therefore, when deciding to trust someone, realize that you are taking a risk;

b) be aware that the consequences of your trusting relationship largely depend on the behavior of the person you trusted;

c) be prepared for possible troubles and losses as a result negative consequences your trust may be much greater than the possible benefits and advantages that you will acquire due to the fact that the consequences of your trust will be favorable;

d) despite all this, count, although not recklessly, on the fact that in response to your trust, the other person will behave in such a way that you will be satisfied with the consequences of your gullibility.

It is not difficult to see that there is a direct connection between mutual trust and mutual knowledge in the process of communication. The more open the partners are, the better they understand each other. The possible benefits of mutual openness are primarily related to deepening relationships.

Potential troubles may manifest themselves primarily in the form of rejection, humiliation, and resentment.

If partners are willing to take the risk of greater mutual openness, then there is a basis in their relationship for deepening mutual trust.

Trust is strengthened if, in response to your frank reactions, you feel accepted and understood that nothing threatens you. In this case, trust increases because you are convinced that the partner is not hostile.

On the contrary, if you understand that there are notes of ridicule or disdain in your partner’s reactions, trust in him decreases, and the confidence that he is deliberately opposed to you grows.

However, many examples can be given where people interested in improving relationships in the name of common goal, consciously go to trust each other, in this case trust generates reciprocal trust. So, we can say that the quality of a relationship depends on:

whether one of the partners is ready to take risks and open up more to the other;

Is the second partner ready to show that he understands and accepts the intentions of the first, that he agrees to respond in kind.

When we feel that another person trusts us, we ourselves begin to trust him more and feel the need to get closer to him.

Uncertainty about a partner and suspicion about his intentions are significant obstacles on the way to establishing trusting relationships. A person who risks revealing himself simultaneously demonstrates to us that he has no evil intentions, that he is not inclined to take actions that threaten us.

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Family secrets that interfere with life Carder Dave

Openness and trust

Openness and trust

Openness and trust are the heart of close relationships. Security sets the stage for intimacy, relationship patterns provide meaningful lessons, and the ability to open up to a secure, accepting person about your needs and feelings, problems and internal struggles is an integral part of attachment. Table 7.1 shows levels of emotional openness that deepen from level one to level five. Study the table and try to determine the level of closeness that is present in your family.

Let's discuss some issues regarding intimacy levels. First, none of these levels are any worse than any other. Moreover, we need different levels of intimacy because they satisfy different human needs. A person needs relationships varying degrees openness. Jesus loved people and the world, but His deepest relationships were with His twelve disciples. And three of the twelve - Peter, James and John - were closest to him. And of these three, John was recognized as the disciple “whom Jesus loved” (John 21:20). We certainly need easy, friendly, low-commitment relationships in which we can relax. But if our family members never broach topics more serious than current events, we will suffer from feelings of inner emptiness and loneliness.

Table 7.1. Levels of intimacy

Secondly, the deeper the intimacy, the narrower the circle of relationships. In other words, we have a lot of acquaintances, but only a few truly close people. Why? For the simple reason that true intimacy takes time: you need to experience a lot together, do a lot common affairs, in a word, to give oneself for the development of these relationships - only then will they reach the fifth level of intimacy. If by the end of our lives we have collected a small handful of relationships that correspond to the fifth level, we can consider ourselves to have received a great blessing. As I said above, Christ gave us a model for building relationships on different levels.

Third, because people learn the art of building close relationships in the family, the level of intimacy at which they will build relationships in adulthood is largely determined by the length of time they spend in the parental home. I don’t want to say that the “level number” is burned into our minds with a hot iron. Fortunately, the situation is not so fatal. However, if you are experiencing difficulty in building truly intimate relationships, then understanding a certain "predestination" will help you understand that the root of the problem lies in early childhood, identify and work through it. In families where coldness and aloofness are maintained, children will inherit a tendency to build the same relationships.

The conclusion is this: all the problems that we have to overcome always have reasons, roots. We are all sinners, for we came from Adam and Eve. There is clearly a “genetic” component to the sinfulness of every person. However, the specific type of problems that a person faces is usually determined by the patterns of relationships learned in the family where he spent his childhood.

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Is openness and trust important in a relationship? Without a doubt. These are some of the key criteria successful relationship between a man and a woman. But as in any business and knowledge, “the devil is in the details,” and our perception of words such as “trust” and “openness.”

Is it necessary for a woman to trust her man? Without this, a happy relationship is simply impossible. Should a man trust his woman? Certainly.

Is openness important in a relationship?

Should a woman be open to her man? If he deserves it, and has proven that he deserves it, then the woman should be as open as possible to the man. A woman can tell her man everything.

Should a man be as open as possible to a woman? No, absolutely not. A man is a protector; he must protect his woman from stress and anxiety, and protect her from the outside world. If he comes home every day and dumps all the problems and dirt that he has collected at work and in society, how will this affect the woman?

She will be very stressed and worried, and will be destroyed emotionally. Does anyone like it when a man talks about his problems and complains to his wife? I doubt that anyone would consider such behavior worthy of the slightest respect.

How a man copes with problems

Some women believe that if a man is “despondent” and she sees that something is gnawing at him, then she definitely needs to “help” him. To stir him up, to get all the information out of him so that he can “pour out his soul.”

Women measure themselves: for a woman, openness is a solution to many problems that she invents for herself.

Do you know what your compatibility with a man is?

To find out, click on the button below.

A woman articulates the problem, tells someone her thoughts - and bam, the problem disappears. She stops haunting the woman’s thoughts, she has flown free, and the woman feels great. Cleansing.

And a woman, seeing a man in sadness, tries to apply her patterns and her feelings to the man. But men are different. They don't need openness to solve their problems.

A man can't solve a problem by talking it out

For a man, his problems come from the outside world, at work, in business, in environment- Everywhere a man faces difficulties and obstacles that he must overcome. But he cannot overcome them simply by talking about them.

To solve a problem a man needs what? Take it, go and solve the problem! And nothing else. A man needs to act and move. Just because he is open with someone, the problem in the outside world will not go away.

How men and women experience stress and anxiety

When a man experiences stress or some kind of experience, then again his defense mechanism against this is completely different than that of any woman.

For a man, at such moments, the best thing is to “turn off” the brain and reboot. If a woman is simply unable, due to her physiology and structure, to turn off annoying and “difficult” thoughts, then a man does it half a turn. He simply turns on the “dumb” mode, brain activity is reduced to a minimum, and the man sits and dumbs down.

This state is a state of restoration for a man, reincarnation. After a man has been depressed for enough time, he gets up, reset, and goes to solve problems with renewed vigor.

Big mistake women make in relationships

Women who are not aware of this property of men that they sometimes need to turn on the “stupidity” mode in order to recover, try to get the man to talk. If a man falls for this and pours buckets of dirt on a woman, in the end the man is left with his problems, and not “rebooted” and rested, while the woman picks up this dirt and suffers.

And who gets better from this?

Dear women - if a man is anxious or withdrawn, all you need to do is leave him alone for a while! This is the only sure way to help him survive a difficult situation and reach a new stage.

Remember the main thing - your behavior means a lot to a man, but if there is no harmony at the level of signs, then the relationship will be very tense. It is very advisable to find out the exact compatibility of your zodiac sign with the sign of a man. This can be done by clicking on the button below:

Conclusions

A man is a woman’s support. A man for a woman should be a strong shoulder on which she can rely at any moment and in which she can be confident. And this strong and strong shoulder should be not only physically, but first of all emotionally.

Despite the fact that the woman is much more emotionally stronger than men, it is the man who is able to absorb most of women’s emotions and calm the woman down. At the same time, he remains in balance.

This male core, strength and hardness are very important both for the man himself and for the woman who is next to him. That's why normal man He simply has no right to leak any problems to a woman. He must protect her, surrounding her with care, comfort and love.

And it is the understanding of this fact that will allow both men and women to be in harmony. Both with yourself and with each other.

And that is why openness and trust are undoubtedly very important factors in relationships, you need to apply it “wisely”, understanding who is in front of whom, and when, can be open.

If you want to be with the man you love, you need to figure out whether you are compatible according to your zodiac sign?

Find out your exact compatibility with a man by clicking on the button below.