During his short military career, he knew practically no failures, both in battles with the troops of I. Boltnikov, and with the Polish-Liovian and “Tushino” troops. The ability to build a combat-ready army practically from scratch, train, use Swedish mercenaries in place and during the period, select successful Russian command cadres for the liberation and defense of the vast territory of the Russian northwestern region and liberation central Russia, persistent and systematic offensive, skillful tactics in the fight against the magnificent Polish-Lithuanian cavalry, undoubted personal courage - these are the qualities that, despite the little-known nature of his deeds, give him the right to be called the Great Commander of Russia.

Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich

The greatest Commander and Diplomat!!! Who utterly defeated the troops of the “first European Union”!!!

Blucher, Tukhachevsky

Blucher, Tukhachevsky and the whole galaxy of heroes of the Civil War. Don't forget Budyonny!

Rurikovich Yaroslav Wise Vladimirovich

He dedicated his life to protecting the Fatherland. Defeated the Pechenegs. He established the Russian state as one of the greatest states of his time.

Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich

He defeated the Swedish detachment on July 15, 1240 on the Neva and the Teutonic Order, the Danes in Battle on the Ice April 5, 1242. All his life he “won, but was invincible.” He played an exceptional role in Russian history during that dramatic period when Rus' was attacked from three sides - the Catholic West, Lithuania and the Golden Horde. He defended Orthodoxy from Catholic expansion. Revered like a blessed saint. http://www.pravoslavie.ru/put/39091.htm

Kotlyarevsky Petr Stepanovich

General Kotlyarevsky, son of a priest in the village of Olkhovatki, Kharkov province. Went from private to general in tsarist army. He can be called the great-grandfather of Russian special forces. He carried out truly unique operations... His name is worthy of being included in the list greatest commanders Russia

Tsarevich and Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich

Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, the second son of Emperor Paul I, received the title of Tsarevich in 1799 for his participation in the Swiss campaign of A.V. Suvorov, and retained it until 1831. In the Battle of Austrlitz he commanded the Guards Reserve of the Russian Army, took part in Patriotic War 1812, distinguished himself in Foreign trips Russian army. For the “Battle of the Nations” at Leipzig in 1813 he received the “golden weapon” “For bravery!” Inspector General of the Russian Cavalry, since 1826 Viceroy of the Kingdom of Poland.

Because he inspires many by personal example.

Katukov Mikhail Efimovich

Perhaps the only bright spot against the background of Soviet commanders of armored forces. A tank driver who went through the entire war, starting from the border. A commander whose tanks always showed their superiority to the enemy. His tank brigades were the only ones(!) in the first period of the war that were not defeated by the Germans and even caused them significant damage.
His First Guards Tank Army remained combat-ready, although it defended itself from the very first days of the fighting on the southern front of the Kursk Bulge, while exactly the same 5th Guards Tank Army of Rotmistrov was practically destroyed on the very first day it entered the battle (June 12)
This is one of the few of our commanders who took care of his troops and fought not with numbers, but with skill.

Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky Pyotr Alexandrovich

Oktyabrsky Philip Sergeevich

Admiral, Hero Soviet Union. During the Great Patriotic War, commander of the Black Sea Fleet. One of the leaders of the Defense of Sevastopol in 1941 - 1942, as well as the Crimean operation of 1944. During the Great Patriotic War, Vice Admiral F. S. Oktyabrsky was one of the leaders of the heroic defense of Odessa and Sevastopol. Being the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, at the same time in 1941-1942 he was the commander of the Sevastopol Defense Region.

Three Orders of Lenin
three Orders of the Red Banner
two Orders of Ushakov, 1st degree
Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree
Order of Suvorov, 2nd degree
Order of the Red Star
medals

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, which repelled the attack of Nazi Germany, liberated Europe, author of many operations, including “Ten Stalinist Strikes” (1944)

Skopin-Shuisky Mikhail Vasilievich

I beg the military historical society to correct the extreme historical injustice and include in the list of the 100 best commanders, the leader of the northern militia who did not lose a single battle, who played an outstanding role in the liberation of Russia from the Polish yoke and unrest. And apparently poisoned for his talent and skill.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

The Soviet people, as the most talented, have a large number of outstanding military leaders, but the main one is Stalin. Without him, many of them might not have existed as military men.

Peter I the Great

Emperor of All Russia (1721-1725), before that the Tsar of All Rus'. Won the victory in Northern War(1700-1721). This victory finally opened up free access to the Baltic Sea. Under his rule, Russia (Russian Empire) became a Great Power.

Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich

Successfully commanded Soviet troops during the Great Patriotic War. Among other things, he stopped the Germans near Moscow and took Berlin.

Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich

Commander-in-Chief during the Patriotic War of 1812. One of the most famous and beloved military heroes by the people!

Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Bogdanovich

It's simple - It was he, as a commander, who made the greatest contribution to the defeat of Napoleon. He saved the army under the most difficult conditions, despite misunderstandings and grave accusations of treason. It is to him that ours is practically a contemporary of those events great poet Pushkin dedicated the poem "Commander".
Pushkin, recognizing Kutuzov's merits, did not oppose him to Barclay. In place of the common alternative “Barclay or Kutuzov,” with the traditional resolution in favor of Kutuzov, Pushkin came to a new position: both Barclay and Kutuzov are both worthy of the grateful memory of posterity, but Kutuzov is revered by everyone, but Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly is undeservedly forgotten.
Pushkin mentioned Barclay de Tolly even earlier, in one of the chapters of “Eugene Onegin” -

Thunderstorm of the twelfth year
It has arrived - who helped us here?
The frenzy of the people
Barclay, winter or Russian god?...

Suvorov, Count Rymniksky, Prince of Italy Alexander Vasilievich

The greatest commander, master strategist, tactician and military theorist. Author of the book "The Science of Victory", Generalissimo of the Russian Army. The only one in the history of Russia who did not suffer a single defeat.

Ivan III Vasilievich

He united the Russian lands around Moscow and threw off the hated Tatar-Mongol yoke.

Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich

Operations "Uranus", "Little Saturn", "Leap", etc. and so on.
A true war worker

Izylmetyev Ivan Nikolaevich

Commanded the frigate "Aurora". He made the transition from St. Petersburg to Kamchatka in a record time for those times in 66 days. In Callao Bay he eluded the Anglo-French squadron. Arriving in Petropavlovsk together with the governor of the Kamchatka Territory, Zavoiko V. organized the defense of the city, during which the sailors from the Aurora, together with local residents, threw the outnumbered Anglo-French landing force into the sea. Then he took the Aurora to the Amur Estuary, hiding it there After these events, the British public demanded a trial of the admirals who lost the Russian frigate.

Denikin Anton Ivanovich

The commander, under whose command the white army with smaller forces won victories over the red army for 1.5 years and took possession Northern Caucasus, Crimea, Novorossiya, Donbass, Ukraine, Don, part of the Volga region and central black earth provinces of Russia. He retained the dignity of his Russian name during the Second World War, refusing to cooperate with the Nazis, despite his irreconcilably anti-Soviet position

Linevich Nikolai Petrovich

Nikolai Petrovich Linevich (December 24, 1838 - April 10, 1908) - a prominent Russian military figure, infantry general (1903), adjutant general (1905); general who took Beijing by storm.

Ushakov Fedor Fedorovich

A man whose faith, courage, and patriotism defended our state

Slashchev Yakov Alexandrovich

Chichagov Vasily Yakovlevich

Superbly commanded the Baltic Fleet in the campaigns of 1789 and 1790. He won victories in the battle of Öland (July 15, 1789), in the Revel (May 2, 1790) and Vyborg (06/22/1790) battles. After the last two defeats, which were of strategic importance, the dominance of the Baltic Fleet became unconditional, and this forced the Swedes to make peace. There are few examples in the history of Russia when victories at sea led to victory in the war. And by the way, the Battle of Vyborg was one of the largest in world history in terms of the number of ships and people.

John 4 Vasilievich

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

Monomakh Vladimir Vsevolodovich

Field Marshal General Gudovich Ivan Vasilievich

The assault on the Turkish fortress of Anapa on June 22, 1791. In terms of complexity and importance, it is only inferior to the assault on Izmail by A.V. Suvorov.
A 7,000-strong Russian detachment stormed Anapa, which was defended by a 25,000-strong Turkish garrison. At the same time, soon after the start of the assault, the Russian detachment was attacked from the mountains by 8,000 mounted highlanders and Turks, who attacked the Russian camp, but were unable to break into it, were repulsed in a fierce battle and pursued by the Russian cavalry.
The fierce battle for the fortress lasted over 5 hours. About 8,000 people from the Anapa garrison died, 13,532 defenders led by the commandant and Sheikh Mansur were taken prisoner. A small part (about 150 people) escaped on ships. Almost all the artillery was captured or destroyed (83 cannons and 12 mortars), 130 banners were taken. Gudovich sent a separate detachment from Anapa to the nearby Sudzhuk-Kale fortress (on the site of modern Novorossiysk), but upon his approach the garrison burned the fortress and fled to the mountains, abandoning 25 guns.
The losses of the Russian detachment were very high - 23 officers and 1,215 privates were killed, 71 officers and 2,401 privates were wounded (Sytin's Military Encyclopedia gives slightly lower data - 940 killed and 1,995 wounded). Gudovich was awarded the Order of St. George, 2nd degree, all the officers of his detachment were awarded, and a special medal was established for the lower ranks.

He was the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Soviet Union. Thanks to his talent as a Commander and Outstanding Statesman The USSR won the bloodiest WAR in human history. Most of the battles of World War II were won with his direct participation in the development of their plans.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

The greatest Russian commander! He has more than 60 victories and not a single defeat. Thanks to his talent for victory, the whole world learned the power of Russian weapons

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

Well, who else but him is the only Russian commander who has not lost more than one battle!!!

Chuikov Vasily Ivanovich

Commander of the 62nd Army in Stalingrad.

Yudenich Nikolai Nikolaevich

One of the most successful generals in Russia during the First World War. The Erzurum and Sarakamysh operations carried out by him on the Caucasian front, carried out in extremely unfavorable conditions for Russian troops, and ending in victories, I believe, deserve to be included among the brightest victories of Russian weapons. In addition, Nikolai Nikolaevich stood out for his modesty and decency, lived and died as an honest Russian officer, and remained faithful to the oath to the end.

Denikin Anton Ivanovich

One of the most talented and successful commanders of the First World War. Coming from a poor family, he made a brilliant military career, relying solely on his own virtues. Member of the RYAV, WWI, graduate of the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff. He fully realized his talent while commanding the legendary “Iron” brigade, which was then expanded into a division. Participant and one of the main characters of the Brusilov breakthrough. He remained a man of honor even after the collapse of the army, a Bykhov prisoner. Member of the ice campaign and commander of the AFSR. For more than a year and a half, possessing very modest resources and much inferior in numbers to the Bolsheviks, he won victory after victory, liberating a vast territory.
Also, do not forget that Anton Ivanovich is a wonderful and very successful publicist, and his books are still very popular. An extraordinary, talented commander, an honest Russian man in difficult times for the Motherland, who was not afraid to light a torch of hope.

Rokhlin Lev Yakovlevich

He headed the 8th Guards Army Corps in Chechnya. Under his leadership, a number of areas of Grozny were captured, including the presidential palace. For participation in Chechen campaign was nominated for the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, but refused to accept it, stating that “he has no moral right to receive this award for military operations on the territory of his own country.”

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

If anyone has not heard, there is no point in writing

Romanov Pyotr Alekseevich

During the endless discussions about Peter I as a politician and reformer, it is unfairly forgotten that he was the greatest commander of his time. He was not only an excellent organizer of the rear. In the two most important battles of the Northern War (the battles of Lesnaya and Poltava), he not only himself developed battle plans, but also personally led the troops, being in the most important, responsible directions.
The only commander I know of who was equally talented in both land and sea battles.
The main thing is that Peter I created a national military school. If all the great commanders of Russia are the heirs of Suvorov, then Suvorov himself is the heir of Peter.
The Battle of Poltava was one of the greatest (if not the greatest) victory in Russian history. In all other great aggressive invasions of Russia, the general battle did not have a decisive outcome, and the struggle dragged on, leading to exhaustion. It was only in the Northern War that the general battle radically changed the state of affairs, and from the attacking side the Swedes became the defending side, decisively losing the initiative.
I believe that Peter I deserves to be in the top three on the list of the best commanders of Russia.

Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich

Kappel Vladimir Oskarovich

Without exaggeration, he is the best commander of Admiral Kolchak’s army. Under his command, Russia's gold reserves were captured in Kazan in 1918. At 36 years old, he was a lieutenant general, commander of the Eastern Front. The Siberian Ice Campaign is associated with this name. In January 1920, he led 30,000 Kappelites to Irkutsk to capture Irkutsk and free the Supreme Ruler of Russia, Admiral Kolchak, from captivity. The general's death from pneumonia largely determined the tragic outcome of this campaign and the death of the Admiral...

Sheremetev Boris Petrovich

Osterman-Tolstoy Alexander Ivanovich

One of the brightest "field" generals of the early 19th century. Hero of the battles of Preussisch-Eylau, Ostrovno and Kulm.

Saltykov Pyotr Semyonovich

The largest successes of the Russian army in the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763 are associated with his name. Winner in the battles of Palzig,
In the Battle of Kunersdorf, defeating the Prussian king Frederick II the Great, Berlin was taken by the troops of Totleben and Chernyshev.

Maksimov Evgeniy Yakovlevich

Russian hero of the Transvaal War. He was a volunteer in fraternal Serbia, participating in the Russian-Turkish war. At the beginning of the 20th century, the British began to wage war against the small people - the Boers. Eugene successfully fought against the invaders and in 1900 was appointed military general. Died in Russian Japanese war. In addition to his military career, he distinguished himself in the literary field.

Pokryshkin Alexander Ivanovich

Marshal of Aviation of the USSR, first three times Hero of the Soviet Union, symbol of Victory over the Nazi Wehrmacht in the air, one of the most successful fighter pilots of the Great Patriotic War (WWII).

While participating in the air battles of the Great Patriotic War, he developed and tested in battles new tactics of air combat, which made it possible to seize the initiative in the air and ultimately defeat the fascist Luftwaffe. In fact, he created an entire school of WWII aces. Commanding the 9th Guards Air Division, he continued to personally participate in air battles, having won 65 air victories throughout the entire period of the war.

Uvarov Fedor Petrovich

At the age of 27 he was promoted to general. He took part in the campaigns of 1805-1807 and in the battles on the Danube in 1810. In 1812, he commanded the 1st Artillery Corps in the army of Barclay de Tolly, and subsequently the entire cavalry of the united armies.

Margelov Vasily Filippovich

Gorbaty-Shuisky Alexander Borisovich

Hero of the Kazan War, first governor of Kazan

Slashchev-Krymsky Yakov Alexandrovich

Defense of Crimea in 1919-20. “The Reds are my enemies, but they did the main thing - my work: they revived great Russia! (General Slashchev-Krymsky).

Ridiger Fedor Vasilievich

Adjutant General, Cavalry General, Adjutant General... He had three Golden sabers with the inscription: “For bravery”... In 1849, Ridiger took part in a campaign in Hungary to suppress the unrest that arose there, being appointed head of the right column. On May 9, Russian troops entered the Austrian Empire. He pursued the rebel army until August 1, forcing them to lay down their arms in front of Russian troops near Vilyagosh. On August 5, the troops entrusted to him occupied the Arad fortress. During the trip of Field Marshal Ivan Fedorovich Paskevich to Warsaw, Count Ridiger commanded the troops located in Hungary and Transylvania... On February 21, 1854, during the absence of Field Marshal Prince Paskevich in the Kingdom of Poland, Count Ridiger commanded all the troops located in the area active army- as commander of a separate corps and at the same time served as head of the Kingdom of Poland. After the return of Field Marshal Prince Paskevich to Warsaw, from August 3, 1854, he served as Warsaw military governor.

Vladimir Svyatoslavich

981 - conquest of Cherven and Przemysl. 983 - conquest of the Yatvags. 984 - conquest of the Rodimichs. 985 - successful campaigns against the Bulgars, tribute to the Khazar Khaganate. 988 - conquest of the Taman Peninsula. 991 - subjugation of the White Croats. 992 - successfully defended Cherven Rus in the war against Poland. In addition, the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles.

Chuikov Vasily Ivanovich

“There is a city in vast Russia to which my heart is given, it went down in history as STALINGRAD...” V.I. Chuikov

Stalin (Dzhugashvili) Joseph Vissarionovich

Paskevich Ivan Fedorovich

The armies under his command defeated Persia in the war of 1826-1828 and completely defeated Turkish troops in Transcaucasia in the war of 1828-1829.

Awarded all 4 degrees of the Order of St. George and the Order of St. Apostle Andrew the First-Called with diamonds.

Yaroslav the Wise

Shein Mikhail Borisovich

He headed the Smolensk defense against Polish-Lithuanian troops, which lasted 20 months. Under the command of Shein, multiple attacks were repelled, despite the explosion and a hole in the wall. He held back and bled the main forces of the Poles at the decisive moment of the Time of Troubles, preventing them from moving to Moscow to support their garrison, creating the opportunity to gather an all-Russian militia to liberate the capital. Only with the help of a defector, the troops of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth managed to take Smolensk on June 3, 1611. The wounded Shein was captured and taken with his family to Poland for 8 years. After returning to Russia, he commanded the army that tried to recapture Smolensk in 1632-1634. Executed due to boyar slander. Undeservedly forgotten.

Dubynin Viktor Petrovich

From April 30, 1986 to June 1, 1987 - commander of the 40th combined arms army of the Turkestan Military District. The troops of this army made up the bulk of the Limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan. During the year of his command of the army, the number of irretrievable losses decreased by 2 times compared to 1984-1985.
On June 10, 1992, Colonel General V.P. Dubynin was appointed chief General Staff Armed Forces - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation
His merits include keeping the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin from a number of ill-conceived decisions in the military sphere, primarily in the field of nuclear forces.

Rurikovich Svyatoslav Igorevich

Great commander of the Old Russian period. The first known to us Kyiv prince, having a Slavic name. The last pagan ruler of the Old Russian state. He glorified Rus' as a great military power in the campaigns of 965-971. Karamzin called him “Alexander (Macedonian) of our ancient history.” The prince freed the Slavic tribes from vassal dependence on the Khazars, defeating the Khazar Khaganate in 965. According to the Tale of Bygone Years, in 970, during the Russian-Byzantine War, Svyatoslav managed to win the battle of Arcadiopolis, having 10,000 soldiers under his command, against 100,000 Greeks. But at the same time, Svyatoslav led the life of a simple warrior: “On campaigns he did not carry carts or cauldrons with him, did not cook meat, but, thinly slicing horse meat, or animal meat, or beef and roasting it on coals, he ate it like that; he did not have a tent , but he slept, spreading a sweatshirt with a saddle in his head - the same were all the rest of his warriors. And he sent envoys to other lands [usually before declaring war] with the words: “I’m coming to you!” (According to PVL)

Budyonny Semyon Mikhailovich

Commander of the First Cavalry Army of the Red Army during the Civil War. The First Cavalry Army, which he led until October 1923, played an important role in a number of major operations of the Civil War to defeat the troops of Denikin and Wrangel in Northern Tavria and Crimea.

Dokhturov Dmitry Sergeevich

Defense of Smolensk.
Command of the left flank on the Borodino field after Bagration was wounded.
Battle of Tarutino.

Vorotynsky Mikhail Ivanovich

“Drafter of the statutes of the watchdog and border service” is, of course, good. For some reason, we have forgotten the Battle of YOUTH from July 29 to August 2, 1572. But it was precisely with this victory that Moscow’s right to many things was recognized. They recaptured a lot of things for the Ottomans, the thousands of destroyed Janissaries sobered them up, and unfortunately they also helped Europe. The Battle of YOUTH is very difficult to overestimate

Olsufiev Zakhar Dmitrievich

One of the most famous military leaders of Bagration's 2nd Western Army. Always fought with exemplary courage. He was awarded the Order of St. George, 3rd degree, for his heroic participation in the Battle of Borodino. He distinguished himself in the battle on the Chernishna (or Tarutinsky) River. His reward for his participation in defeating the vanguard of Napoleon's army was the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree. He was called "a general with talents." When Olsufiev was captured and taken to Napoleon, he said to his entourage the words famous in history: “Only Russians know how to fight like that!”

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

A commander who has not lost a single battle in his career. He took the impregnable fortress of Ishmael the first time.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

Victory in the Great Patriotic War, saving the entire planet from absolute evil, and our country from extinction.
From the first hours of the war, Stalin controlled the country, front and rear. On land, at sea and in the air.
His merit is not one or even ten battles or campaigns, his merit is Victory, made up of hundreds of battles of the Great Patriotic War: the battle of Moscow, battles in the North Caucasus, the Battle of Stalingrad, the battle of Kursk, the battle of Leningrad and many others before the capture Berlin, success in which was achieved thanks to the monotonous inhuman work of the genius of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

An outstanding Russian commander. He successfully defended the interests of Russia both from external aggression and outside the country.

Uborevich Ieronim Petrovich

Soviet military leader, commander of the 1st rank (1935). Member of the Communist Party since March 1917. Born in the village of Aptandrius (now Utena region of the Lithuanian SSR) in the family of a Lithuanian peasant. Graduated from the Konstantinovsky Artillery School (1916). Participant of the 1st World War 1914-18, second lieutenant. After October revolution 1917 was one of the organizers of the Red Guard in Bessarabia. In January - February 1918 he commanded a revolutionary detachment in battles against Romanian and Austro-German interventionists, was wounded and captured, from where he escaped in August 1918. He was an artillery instructor, commander of the Dvina brigade on the Northern Front, and from December 1918 head of the 18th Infantry divisions of the 6th Army. From October 1919 to February 1920, he was the commander of the 14th Army during the defeat of the troops of General Denikin, in March - April 1920 he commanded the 9th Army in the North Caucasus. In May - July and November - December 1920, commander of the 14th Army in battles against the troops of bourgeois Poland and the Petliurists, in July - November 1920 - 13th Army in battles against the Wrangelites. In 1921, assistant commander of the troops of Ukraine and Crimea, deputy commander of the troops of the Tambov province, commander of the troops of the Minsk province, led the military operations during the defeat of the gangs of Makhno, Antonov and Bulak-Balakhovich. From August 1921 commander of the 5th Army and the East Siberian Military District. In August - December 1922, Minister of War of the Far Eastern Republic and Commander-in-Chief of the People's Revolutionary Army during the liberation of the Far East. He was commander of the troops of the North Caucasus (since 1925), Moscow (since 1928) and Belarusian (since 1931) military districts. Since 1926, a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, in 1930-31, deputy chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR and chief of armaments of the Red Army. Since 1934 member of the Military Council of NGOs. He made a great contribution to strengthening the defense capability of the USSR, educating and training command staff and troops. Candidate member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1930-37. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee since December 1922. Awarded 3 Orders of the Red Banner and Honorary Revolutionary Weapon.

Prophetic Oleg

Your shield is on the gates of Constantinople.
A.S. Pushkin.

Brusilov Alexey Alekseevich

One of the best Russian generals of the First World War. In June 1916, troops of the Southwestern Front under the command of Adjutant General A.A. Brusilov, simultaneously striking in several directions, broke through the enemy’s deeply layered defenses and advanced 65 km. IN military history This operation was called the Brusilov breakthrough.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

For the highest art of military leadership and immeasurable love to the Russian soldier

Stalin (Dzhugashvili) Joseph Vissarionovich

Comrade Stalin, in addition to the atomic and missile projects, together with Army General Alexei Innokentievich Antonov, participated in the development and implementation of almost all significant operations of the Soviet troops in the Second World War, brilliantly organized the work of the rear, even in the first difficult years war.

Kovpak Sidor Artemyevich

Participant of the First World War (served in the 186th Aslanduz Infantry Regiment) and the Civil War. During the First World War, he fought on the Southwestern Front and took part in the Brusilov breakthrough. In April 1915, as part of the guard of honor, he was personally awarded the Cross of St. George by Nicholas II. In total, he was awarded the St. George Crosses of III and IV degrees and medals “For Bravery” (“St. George” medals) of III and IV degrees.

During the Civil War he headed the local partisan detachment, who fought in Ukraine against the German occupiers together with the detachments of A. Ya. Parkhomenko, then was a fighter in the 25th Chapaev Division on the Eastern Front, where he was engaged in the disarmament of the Cossacks, and participated in battles with the armies of generals A. I. Denikin and Wrangel on the Southern Front.

In 1941-1942, Kovpak's formation carried out raids behind enemy lines along Sumy, Kursk, Oryol and Bryansk regions, in 1942-1943 - a raid from Bryansk forests to Right Bank Ukraine in the Gomel, Pinsk, Volyn, Rivne, Zhitomir and Kyiv regions; in 1943 - Carpathian raid. The Sumy partisan unit under the command of Kovpak fought through the rear of the Nazi troops for more than 10 thousand kilometers, defeating enemy garrisons in 39 settlements. Kovpak's raids played a big role in the development of the partisan movement against the German occupiers.

Twice Hero of the Soviet Union:
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 18, 1942, for the exemplary performance of combat missions behind enemy lines, the courage and heroism shown during their implementation, Kovpak Sidor Artemyevich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 708)
The second Gold Star medal (No.) was awarded to Major General Sidor Artemyevich Kovpak by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated January 4, 1944 for the successful conduct of the Carpathian raid
four Orders of Lenin (18.5.1942, 4.1.1944, 23.1.1948, 25.5.1967)
Order of the Red Banner (12/24/1942)
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree. (7.8.1944)
Order of Suvorov, 1st degree (2.5.1945)
medals
foreign orders and medals (Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia)

Suvorov Mikhail Vasilievich

The only one who can be called GENERALLISIMO... Bagration, Kutuzov are his students...

Skopin-Shuisky Mikhail Vasilievich

A talented commander who distinguished himself during the Time of Troubles at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1608, Skopin-Shuisky was sent by Tsar Vasily Shuisky to negotiate with the Swedes in Novgorod the Great. He managed to negotiate Swedish assistance to Russia in the fight against False Dmitry II. The Swedes recognized Skopin-Shuisky as their undisputed leader. In 1609, he and the Russian-Swedish army came to the rescue of the capital, which was under siege by False Dmitry II. He defeated detachments of adherents of the impostor in the battles of Torzhok, Tver and Dmitrov, and liberated the Volga region from them. He lifted the blockade from Moscow and entered it in March 1610.

Minikh Christopher Antonovich

Due to the ambiguous attitude towards the period of Anna Ioannovna’s reign, she is a largely underrated commander, who was the commander-in-chief of the Russian troops throughout her reign.

Commander of Russian troops during the War of the Polish Succession and architect of the victory of Russian weapons in the Russian-Turkish War of 1735-1739.

Yulaev Salavat

Commander of the Pugachev era (1773-1775). Together with Pugachev, he organized an uprising and tried to change the position of the peasants in society. He won several victories over the troops of Catherine II.

Nakhimov Pavel Stepanovich

Grand Duke of Russia Mikhail Nikolaevich

General Feldzeichmeister (Commander-in-Chief of the Artillery of the Russian Army), younger son Emperor Nicholas I, Viceroy in the Caucasus since 1864. Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in the Caucasus in the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878. Under his command the fortresses of Kars, Ardahan, and Bayazet were taken.

Platov Matvey Ivanovich

Ataman of the Great Don Army (from 1801), cavalry general (1809), who took part in all wars Russian Empire late XVIII - early XIX century.
In 1771 he distinguished himself during the attack and capture of the Perekop line and Kinburn. From 1772 he began to command a Cossack regiment. During the 2nd Turkish War he distinguished himself during the assault on Ochakov and Izmail. Participated in the battle of Preussisch-Eylau.
During the Patriotic War of 1812, he first commanded all the Cossack regiments on the border, and then, covering the retreat of the army, won victories over the enemy near the towns of Mir and Romanovo. In the battle near the village of Semlevo, Platov’s army defeated the French and captured a colonel from the army of Marshal Murat. During the retreat of the French army, Platov, pursuing it, inflicted defeats on it at Gorodnya, Kolotsky Monastery, Gzhatsk, Tsarevo-Zaimishch, near Dukhovshchina and when crossing the Vop River. For his merits he was elevated to the rank of count. In November, Platov captured Smolensk from battle and defeated the troops of Marshal Ney near Dubrovna. At the beginning of January 1813, he entered Prussia and besieged Danzig; in September he received command of a special corps, with which he participated in the battle of Leipzig and, pursuing the enemy, captured about 15 thousand people. In 1814, he fought at the head of his regiments during the capture of Nemur, Arcy-sur-Aube, Cezanne, Villeneuve. Awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.

Rurik Svyatoslav Igorevich

Year of birth 942 date of death 972 Expansion of state borders. 965 conquest of the Khazars, 963 march south to the Kuban region, capture of Tmutarakan, 969 conquest of the Volga Bulgars, 971 conquest of the Bulgarian kingdom, 968 founding of Pereyaslavets on the Danube (the new capital of Rus'), 969 defeat of the Pechenegs in the defense of Kyiv.

Shein Alexey Semyonovich

The first Russian generalissimo. Leader of the Azov campaigns of Peter I.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

according to the only criterion - invincibility.

Gagen Nikolai Alexandrovich

On June 22, trains with units of the 153rd Infantry Division arrived in Vitebsk. Covering the city from the west, Hagen's division (together with the heavy artillery regiment attached to the division) occupied a 40 km long defense line; it was opposed by the 39th German Motorized Corps.

After 7 days of fierce fighting battle formations the divisions were not broken through. The Germans no longer contacted the division, bypassed it and continued the offensive. The division appeared in a German radio message as destroyed. Meanwhile, the 153rd Rifle Division, without ammunition and fuel, began to fight its way out of the ring. Hagen led the division out of encirclement with heavy weapons.

For the demonstrated steadfastness and heroism during the Elninsky operation on September 18, 1941, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense No. 308, the division received the honorary name “Guards”.
From 01/31/1942 to 09/12/1942 and from 10/21/1942 to 04/25/1943 - commander of the 4th Guards Rifle Corps,
from May 1943 to October 1944 - commander of the 57th Army,
from January 1945 - the 26th Army.

Troops under the leadership of N.A. Gagen took part in the Sinyavinsk operation (and the general managed to break out of encirclement for the second time with weapons in hand), Stalingrad and Kursk battles, battles on the Left Bank and Right Bank Ukraine, in the liberation of Bulgaria, in the Iasi-Kishinev, Belgrade, Budapest, Balaton and Vienna operations. Participant of the Victory Parade.

Romanov Alexander I Pavlovich

The de facto commander-in-chief of the allied armies that liberated Europe in 1813-1814. "He took Paris, he founded the Lyceum." The Great Leader who crushed Napoleon himself. (The shame of Austerlitz is not comparable to the tragedy of 1941)

Vasilevsky Alexander Mikhailovich

Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky (September 18 (30), 1895 - December 5, 1977) - Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1943), Chief of the General Staff, member of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. During the Great Patriotic War, as Chief of the General Staff (1942-1945), he took an active part in the development and implementation of almost all major operations on the Soviet-German front. From February 1945, he commanded the 3rd Belorussian Front and led the assault on Königsberg. In 1945, the commander-in-chief of the Soviet troops at Far East in the war with Japan. One of the greatest commanders of the Second World War.
In 1949-1953 - Minister of the Armed Forces and Minister of War of the USSR. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945), holder of two Orders of Victory (1944, 1945).

Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich

He managed to bring his subordinate troops to the Don in full force, and fought extremely effectively in the conditions of the civil war.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

During the Patriotic War, Stalin led all the armed forces of our homeland and coordinated their military operations. It is impossible not to note his merits in competent planning and organization of military operations, in the skillful selection of military leaders and their assistants. Joseph Stalin proved himself not only as an outstanding commander who competently led all fronts, but also as an excellent organizer who carried out enormous work to increase the country's defense capability both in the pre-war and during the war years.

A short list of military awards of I.V. Stalin received by him during the Second World War:
Order of Suvorov, 1st class
Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"
Order "Victory"
Medal "Golden Star" of the Hero of the Soviet Union
Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
Medal "For Victory over Japan"

Svyatoslav Igorevich

I would like to propose the “candidacies” of Svyatoslav and his father, Igor, as the greatest commanders and political leaders of their time, I think that there is no point in listing to historians their services to the fatherland, I was unpleasantly surprised not to see their names on this list. Sincerely.

Slashchev Yakov Alexandrovich

A talented commander who repeatedly showed personal courage in defending the Fatherland in the first world war. He assessed rejection of the revolution and hostility to the new government as secondary compared to serving the interests of the Motherland.

Kolchak Alexander Vasilievich

Russian admiral who gave his life for the liberation of the Fatherland.
Oceanographer, one of the largest polar explorers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, military and political figure, naval commander, full member of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, leader White movement, Supreme Ruler of Russia.

Kolovrat Evpatiy Lvovich

Ryazan boyar and governor. During Batu's invasion of Ryazan he was in Chernigov. Having learned about the Mongol invasion, he hastily moved to the city. Finding Ryazan completely incinerated, Evpatiy Kolovrat with a detachment of 1,700 people began to catch up with Batya’s army. Having overtaken them, the rearguard destroyed them. They were also killed strong heroes Batyevs. Died on January 11, 1238.

Loris-Melikov Mikhail Tarielovich

Known mainly as one of the minor characters in the story “Hadji Murad” by L.N. Tolstoy, Mikhail Tarielovich Loris-Melikov went through all the Caucasian and Turkish campaigns of the second half of the mid-19th century.

Having shown himself excellently during the Caucasian War, during the Kars campaign Crimean War Loris-Melikov led reconnaissance and then successfully served as commander-in-chief during the difficult Russian-Turkish war 1877-1878, having won a number of important victories over the united Turkish troops and for the third time captured Kars, which by that time was considered impregnable.

Ivan groznyj

He conquered the Astrakhan kingdom, to which Russia paid tribute. Broke Livonian Order. Expanded the borders of Russia far beyond the Urals.

Denikin Anton Ivanovich

Russian military leader, political and public figure, writer, memoirist, publicist and war documentarian.
Participant in the Russo-Japanese War. One of the most effective generals of the Russian Imperial Army during the First World War. Commander of the 4th Infantry "Iron" Brigade (1914-1916, from 1915 - deployed under his command to a division), 8th Army Corps (1916-1917). Lieutenant General of the General Staff (1916), commander of the Western and Southwestern Fronts (1917). An active participant in the military congresses of 1917, an opponent of the democratization of the army. He expressed support for the Kornilov speech, for which he was arrested by the Provisional Government, a participant in the Berdichev and Bykhov sittings of generals (1917).
One of the main leaders of the White movement during the Civil War, its leader in the South of Russia (1918-1920). He achieved the greatest military and political results among all the leaders of the White movement. Pioneer, one of the main organizers, and then commander of the Volunteer Army (1918-1919). Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia (1919-1920), Deputy Supreme Ruler and Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army Admiral Kolchak (1919-1920).
Since April 1920 - emigrant, one of the main politicians Russian emigration. The author of the memoirs “Essays on the Russian Time of Troubles” (1921-1926) - a fundamental historical and biographical work about Civil War in Russia, the memoirs “The Old Army” (1929-1931), the autobiographical story “The Path of the Russian Officer” (published in 1953) and a number of other works.

Istomin Vladimir Ivanovich

Istomin, Lazarev, Nakhimov, Kornilov - Great people who served and fought in the city of Russian glory - Sevastopol!

Kotlyarevsky Petr Stepanovich

Hero Russo-Persian War 1804-1813
"Meteor General" and "Caucasian Suvorov".
He fought not with numbers, but with skill - first, 450 Russian soldiers attacked 1,200 Persian Sardars in the Migri fortress and took it, then 500 of our soldiers and Cossacks attacked 5,000 askers at the crossing of the Araks. They destroyed more than 700 enemies; only 2,500 Persian soldiers managed to escape from ours.
In both cases, our losses were less than 50 killed and up to 100 wounded.
Further, in the war against the Turks, with a swift attack, 1,000 Russian soldiers defeated the 2,000-strong garrison of the Akhalkalaki fortress.
Then again, in the Persian direction, he cleared Karabakh of the enemy, and then, with 2,200 soldiers, he defeated Abbas Mirza with a 30,000-strong army at Aslanduz, a village near the Araks River. In two battles, he destroyed more than 10,000 enemies, including English advisers and artillerymen.
As usual, Russian losses amounted to 30 killed and 100 wounded.
Kotlyarevsky won most of his victories in night assaults on fortresses and enemy camps, not allowing the enemies to come to their senses.
The last campaign - 2000 Russians against 7000 Persians to the Lenkoran fortress, where Kotlyarevsky almost died during the assault, lost consciousness at times from loss of blood and pain from wounds, but still commanded the troops until the final victory, as soon as he regained consciousness, and then was forced take a long time to heal and retire from military affairs.
His exploits for the glory of Russia are much greater than the “300 Spartans” - for our commanders and warriors more than once defeated an enemy 10 times superior, and suffered minimal losses, saving Russian lives.

Shein Mikhail Borisovich

Voivode Shein is a hero and leader of the unprecedented defense of Smolensk in 1609-16011. This fortress decided a lot in the fate of Russia!

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

He is a great commander who did not lose a single (!) battle, the founder of Russian military affairs, and fought battles with genius, regardless of their conditions.

Makarov Stepan Osipovich

Russian oceanographer, polar explorer, shipbuilder, vice admiral. Developed the Russian semaphore alphabet. A worthy person, on the list of worthy ones!

Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky (November 1, 1578 - April 30, 1642) - Russian national hero, military and political figure, head of the Second People's Militia, which liberated Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian occupiers.
The name of the Russian prince, Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky, will forever go down in the history of our Motherland as the name of a man who loved great love his Fatherland and did everything possible to prevent its enslavement foreign invaders. Tracing it all life path According to sources of information that have survived to this day - chronicles, legends, books of rank, state acts, statements of his contemporaries, etc., one never ceases to be amazed at how multifaceted the image of this truly wonderful man, a great citizen of long-suffering Rus', was.

D.M. was born. Pozharsky is in the family of one of the Rurikovich descendants. His father, Mikhail Fedorovich Pozharsky, is a descendant in the 13th generation of the Grand Duke of Suzdal and Vladimir, and then of the Grand Duke of Kyiv Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky. His mother, Evfrosinya Fedorovna Beklemisheva, was from a noble old noble family. She married Mikhail Fedorovich in 1571. At that time, Tsar Ivan IV (the Terrible) ruled Rus'. Apparently, Mikhail Fedorovich did not serve in the civil service, since, according to historians, he is not visible anywhere in the discharge books of that time. He lived with Euphrosyne Fedorovna for a relatively short time, since Mikhail Fedorovich died in August 1587.

Evfrosinya Fedorovna and Mikhail Fedorovich had three children - daughter Daria and two sons - Dmitry and Vasily. When her father died, Daria was fifteen years old, and Dmitry was nine. It can be assumed that shortly before his death, Mikhail Fedorovich and his family lived in one of his estates, most likely in the Suzdal district, since he was buried in the family tomb of the Pozharsky princes - in the Spaso-Evfimiev Monastery in Suzdal. An interesting fact is that, to commemorate his soul, the prince bequeathed one of his villages to the Spaso-Evfimiev Monastery and the deed of sale for this village, transferred to the monastery after the death of the prince, was personally signed by his son Dmitry, although he was only nine years old. This suggests that the Pozharsky family paid great attention to the education of children, in particular, teaching them to read and write from an early age. And at the age of nine, Dmitry already knew how to read and write.

After the death of Mikhail Fedorovich, the Pozharsky family moved to Moscow, where Dmitry Mikhailovich’s grandfather, Fyodor Ivanovich Pozharsky, had his own house on Arbat. And in 1593, fifteen-year-old Dmitry entered the sovereign's service, although in the discharge books he was mentioned only in 1598, with the rank of “solicitor with a dress.” In the same year, he, along with other nobles, signed a conciliar resolution on the election of Boris Fedorovich Godunov as tsar. Pozharsky faithfully serves the new tsar and in 1602 receives the rank of steward. The king and mother D.M. are approaching. Pozharsky - Evfrosinya Feodorovna, who first becomes the noblewoman of the Tsar’s daughter, Ksenia, and then the supreme noblewoman of the Tsarina herself, Maria Grigorievna Godunova. After the death of Tsar B.F. Godunov in April 1605, the Pretender, False Dmitry I, a protege of the Polish king Sigismund III, came to power.

With the coming to power of False Dmitry I, to whom both Moscow and the boyar Duma swore allegiance, Pozharsky continued to be at court. In May 1606, the Pretender was killed and Prince Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky, to whom D.M. also swore allegiance, was named king. Pozharsky. However, with the appearance in Rus' of the second Pretender - False Dmitry II, Russian lands are invaded by detachments of Lithuanians and Poles who, supporting False Dmitry II, begin to plunder and ruin Russian cities, villages, churches and monasteries. Tsar Shuisky is trying to organize a fight against the new Pretender and uninvited guests, Lithuanians and Poles, mobilizing all the means at his disposal. And among other close associates, he dispatches Prince D.M. to fight the Lithuanians and Poles. Pozharsky - first as a regimental governor in 1608, and then appointed him as a governor in the city of Zaraysk, Ryazan district in February 1610.

For his zealous service in defending the Fatherland from the Poles, Pozharsky received from Tsar V.I. Shuisky in 1610 to the patrimony from his old estate in the Suzdal district, the village of Nizhny Landeh and the village of Kholui with villages, repairs and wastelands. The letter of grant stated that he “showed a lot of service and generosity, he endured hunger and poverty in everything and every need of siege for a long time, and he did not encroach on thieves’ charms and troubles, he stood in the firmness of his mind firmly and unshakably without any unsteadiness." And, indeed, throughout his life D.M. Pozharsky never betrayed his duty either to the Russian sovereigns or to his Fatherland. And he enjoyed great respect not only from his like-minded people, but also from his opponents. Not once in his life did D.M. Pozharsky was not convicted of any treason, forgery, meanness, embezzlement, hypocrisy, cruelty towards anyone or any other negative actions. On the contrary, he was distinguished by a gentle and kind character, attention to human troubles, tolerance towards people, and generosity. He knew how to find a common language with people of all classes, from serf to boyar, which was very surprising for the era of that time. And it is not at all by chance that when the residents of Nizhny Novgorod began to look for a military leader for the second people’s militia, they unanimously settled on the candidacy of Prince Pozharsky.

Prince Pozharsky himself was extremely a modest person, and he once said about himself with irony: “If we had such a pillar as Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn, everyone would stick to him, but I didn’t get involved in such a great cause without him; now the boyars have forced me into this business and all the earth." But Prince V.V. Golitsyn at that time headed the embassy from the Moscow boyars and was in Poland in Warsaw with King Sigismund III to ask his son, Prince Vladislav, to be king in Rus', which was opposed by the entire patriotic population of Rus' of all classes. That is, in essence, V.V. Golitsyn took the path of betrayal of Orthodoxy by supporting the decision of the “Seven Boyars” (the supreme power in Moscow during the interregnum in 1610-1612) to call a Catholic prince to the Russian throne. It was under these conditions that Prince D.M. Pozharsky turned out to be the only person, capable in their military, business and human qualities to lead the second civil uprising, formed in Nizhny Novgorod.

It should be noted that all those reigning during the life of D.M. Pozharsky, the Russian sovereigns celebrated the prince’s zealous service to his Fatherland, bringing him closer and rewarding him. He was especially revered by the young Russian Tsar M.F. Romanov, instructing D.M. Pozharsky has particularly important matters. So in 1619 he wrote in his letter of commendation: “... and he, our boyar, Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich, remembering God and Holy Mother of God and the Orthodox Peasant Faith and our kiss of the Cross, with us the Great Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke Mikhail Feodorovich of All Russia sat under siege in Moscow, and for the Orthodox Peasant Faith and for the saints God's churches and for us, the Great Sovereign, against the Korolevich Vladislav and the Polish and Lithuanian and German people, he stood strong and courageously, and fought in battle, and on the attack, not sparing his head, and was not seduced by any of the Korolevich’s charms, and did a lot of his service and truth to He showed us and the entire Moscow State, and being under siege, he suffered poverty and need in everything.”

According to the testimony of the famous archivist of the 19th century A.F. Malinovsky, senator, Manager of the Archives of the College of Foreign Affairs, Dmitry Pozharsky died on April 30 (April 20, old style) 1642 at the 65th year of his life. In the monastery of St. Nicholas of Zaraisky, a note was found about the day of Pozharsky’s death in the following words: “ZRN, April K, the boyar Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky passed away, on Wednesday, the second week after Pascha.” In his work “Review of Moscow,” which Malinovsky completed in 1826, but first published only in 1992, the author writes that many thought that Pozharsky was buried in the Moscow Kazan Cathedral, of which he was the first builder. Modern research showed that his ashes rest in the family tomb in the Suzdal Spaso-Evfimiev Monastery.

The Pozharsky family ended in the male line in 1682 with the death of his grandson Yuri Ivanovich Pozharsky, who died childless. After the suppression of the Pozharsky family, the tomb was abandoned and in 1765-1766 broken down “due to disrepair.” In 1851, the famous Russian archaeologist Count A. S. Uvarov, during excavations, discovered brick crypts and white stone tombs located in three rows at this site, and in 1885 a marble mausoleum was built over them, built on folk remedies according to the project of A. M. Gornostaev. The mausoleum was dismantled over the years Soviet power in 1933. Archaeological research in the summer of 2008 showed that the tomb remained intact. A slab and a memorial cross were installed above the burial place of D. M. Pozharsky on his birthday, November 1, 2008. In 2009, the marble crypt was restored and opened by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on November 4

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Pozharsky Dmitry Mikhailovich (1578-1642) - prince, Russian political and military leader, boyar.

Born November 1, 1578, Mugreevo village, Suzdal district. Son of Mikhail Fedorovich Pozharsky from the family of princes Starodubsky (descended from Vsevolod the Big Nest). He began his service in 1593 at the court of Fyodor Ivanovich, under Boris Godunov he became a solicitor, under False Dmitry I (having sworn allegiance to him) - a steward. In 1610 Vasily Shuisky appointed him governor of Zaraysk and received 20 villages. After the deposition of Shuisky, he swore allegiance to the Polish prince Vladislav, but when the Polish king Sigismund III began to lay claim to the Russian throne, he joined the First Militia, led by P. Lyapunov. In March 1611 he was wounded in the battle on Sretenka and taken to the Puretsk volost in the Nizhny Novgorod region, which belonged to the Pozharskys.

If we had such a pillar as Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn, everyone would stick to him, but I would not get involved in such a great cause without him; The boyars and the whole earth have now forced me to this work.

Pozharsky Dmitry Mikhailovich

Here, on the instructions of Kuzma Minin, ambassadors came to him with an offer to become the governor of the Second Militia, assembled in Nizhny Novgorod. Pozharsky agreed, but in the militia and in the government “Council of the Whole Earth” formed in Yaroslavl (February 1612) he actually found himself in a supporting role next to Minin.

In the summer of 1612, reinforcements under the command of Hetman Khodkevich (12 thousand people) moved to help the Polish garrison settled in the Kremlin; in response, Pozharsky led the militia to the capital, standing at the Arbat Gate. On August 22, the Poles began crossing the Moscow River to the Novodevichy Convent, accumulating near it, but Pozharsky’s cavalry, with the support of the Cossacks of Prince D.T. Trubetskoy, pushed Khodkevich to Poklonnaya Hill. On August 22-24, Pozharsky forced the Poles to go on the defensive. He recaptured the provisions brought for the Polish garrison by Chodkiewicz, after which the fate of the Poles was decided; hunger forced them to surrender on October 26, 1612.

With the capture of Moscow, the history of the Second Militia ended. Subsequently, Pozharsky did not play a prominent role in the election of Tsar Mikhail Romanov; the new tsar elevated him from stolnik to boyar (1613), but Pozharsky did not receive large estates. During the Russian-Polish War of 1614 he took part in the battle of Orel against the Polish adventurer Lisovsky. Then he was in charge of “government money” in Moscow, defended Kaluga from Lithuanian raiders, participated in military operations against Prince Vladislav, served as a governor in Novgorod and Pereyaslavl-Ryazan, and was in charge of the Judgment Order. Before his death in 1642, he adopted the schema and spiritual name of Kuzma in memory of his comrade in the militia. He was buried in the family tomb of the Spaso-Evfimievsky Monastery in Suzdal.

Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky (1578-1642) was a representative of an old but seedy princely family, descended from the seventh son of Vsevolod the Big Nest, Ivan Starodubsky.

Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky (1578-1642) was a representative of an old but seedy princely family, descended from the seventh son of Vsevolod the Big Nest, Ivan Starodubsky. His ancestors did not escape repression in the middle of the 16th century: his grandfather, Prince Fyodor Ivanovich Nemoy Pozharsky, was deprived of his estates and exiled to Sviyazhsk. He returned to his native place during the years of the Livonian War, in which he took part not even in the rank of voivode, but as the head of a hundred commander. The Pozharsky family mansion was located 12 versts from the village of Kovrovo (the modern city of Kovrov), in the village of Sergovo. It was here, on November 1, 1578, that baby Dmitry was born into the family of Mikhail Fedorovich Glukhoy Pozharsky and Maria (Evfrosinya) Fedorovna Beklemisheva. However, children's and teenage years It was held in Moscow, in the Pozharsky city estate located on Sretenka.

Having lost his father at the age of ten, Dmitry Pozharsky found himself dispossessed of part of his estate, but began to serve only after reaching the age of 15. Since 1593, Dmitry regularly took part in noble reviews and after one of them he was awarded the lowest court rank - solicitor with a dress. Solicitor Pozharsky was a participant in the Zemsky Sobor of 1598, which took place after the death of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich, and it was in this capacity that he signed the conciliar decision on the election of Boris Godunov as the new Tsar. Soon after this, Pozharsky was exiled to the southern border, which was constantly being ravaged Crimean Tatars, and stayed there for five years. All these years, the prince commanded a detachment of archers, which carried out patrol duty in the most dangerous places. His zealous attitude to service did not go unnoticed; Pozharsky became the royal steward, receiving a small village near Moscow on his estate.

He took part in several battles with the troops of False Dmitry I, including the famous battle near the village of Dobrynichi, where the impostor suffered a heavy defeat. However, after the death of Boris Godunov, the “named Demetrius” managed to take possession of Moscow in 1605. With generous gifts and awards, he tried to win over the Moscow boyars and nobles, primarily those whom he could fear. Pozharsky was granted the modest but noticeable rank of butler.

In the fall of 1608, he was sent with a detachment of soldiers to help the Kolomna governor Ivan Pushkin, who was having difficulty repelling attacks from supporters of False Dmitry II. Near the village of Vysotsky, 30 versts from Kolomna, the prince met the “Tushins” and defeated them. A year later, Pozharsky won another victory, defeating the bandit detachment of the Cossack ataman Salkov. The “fortress” of his service did not go unnoticed - he was appointed governor of the very strategically important city of Zaraysk. The choice turned out to be correct, Pozharsky did not “shaken”, even after learning about the overthrow of Tsar Vasily Shuisky in Moscow, did not recognize the Seven Boyars and repelled a number of rebel attempts to seize the city. However, Dmitry Mikhailovich did not intend to sit behind the strong stone walls of the Zaraisk fortress. His troops drove the Tushins out of Kolomna. Commanding detachments of Moscow servicemen, he subsequently “went to different places against thieves.” In 1611, Pozharsky participated in the creation of the First Zemstvo Militia. It was his detachment that came to the aid of Prokopiy Lyapunov when he was besieged in Pronsk by the army of Grigory Sumbulov, who served the Poles. Lyapunov’s small detachment (only 200 people) would have inevitably been destroyed, but the news of the approach of Pozharsky’s army forced Sumbulov to lift the siege and leave from near Pronsk to Zaraysk, which was left almost unguarded. But Dmitry Mikhailovich managed to return to his fortress and defeated Sumbulov in a fierce battle near the walls of the Zaraisk Kremlin. After this, Pozharsky gathered all the Kolomna and Zaraisk service people under his hand into a militia and led it to Ryazan to Lyapunov.

In the early spring of 1611, the prince, who had earned Lyapunov’s trust, was sent to Moscow to lead the uprising that was being prepared there. However, the revolt against the Poles began earlier than scheduled on March 19, 1611. The only detachment of the zemstvo army that participated in it were Pozharsky’s people. The interventionists were unable to suppress the uprising by force of arms and set the city on fire. Retreating in front of a wall of fire, Russian soldiers began to leave Moscow. Covering their retreat, Pozharsky’s soldiers remained in the capital, taking the battle in the Sretenka area. Several times the prince managed to put the enemy infantry to flight. On March 20, he was still holding out in the prison built near the Vvedenskaya Church on Lubyanka. Then Colonel Gosevsky threw all his available forces against the last stronghold of the rebels. In the last battle with the enemy, Dmitry Mikhailovich was wounded three times. Having fallen to the ground, he still managed to say: “It would be better for me to die than to see all this.” The warriors did not abandon their commander to his death and, covering him with their bodies, took him out of the battle. Like the other wounded, the governor was taken to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery. Having recovered a little, he left for his Suzdal estate, the village of Mugreevo. There, still suffering from poorly healing wounds, Pozharsky learned about the death of Lyapunov, and there in the fall of 1611 the Nizhny Novgorod ambassadors found him. On the advice of their zemstvo elder Kuzma Minin, they arrived to ask the prince to lead the militia that was then gathering in Nizhny Novgorod.

Prince Pozharsky, elected military leader of the militia, also headed the “Council of the Whole Russian Land” - a temporary body supreme power throughout the territory liberated from the invaders. Zemsky Voivode Pozharsky played an extremely important role in the liberation of Moscow and the restoration of the destroyed state organization.

After the liberation of Moscow, the prince acquired enormous authority, so he Zemsky Sobor 1613, which elected a new king to the throne, he led the meetings, asking the opinions of the participants. The new Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich highly appreciated the merits of Pozharsky and on July 11, 1613, after the crowning in the Assumption Cathedral of the Kremlin, he granted Dmitry Mikhailovich the rank of boyar.

Until his death, Prince Pozharsky served faithfully to his Fatherland: he commanded the troops that fought against the detachments of Colonel Lisovsky who were ravaging the Russian lands, in 1615 he defeated him near Orel and drove him to Karachev. The valiant warrior sought new meetings with the enemy, but a serious illness confined him to bed for a long time. The governor was back in action in the terrible year of 1617, when a Polish army under the command of Prince Vladislav and Hetman Khodkiewicz marched towards Moscow with the goal of seizing the Moscow throne by force. Pozharsky led the fortification of Mozhaisk and Kaluga, which the enemy could not capture and was forced to winter in Vyazma. For his faithful service, the prince received as a reward a silver gilded cup weighing three hryvnias, 36 gold pieces, a fur coat - Turkish satin on sables, silver-gilded buttons.

The following year, 1618, the Poles received reinforcements and continued their march to Moscow. Pozharsky, according to a contemporary, “fought in battles and attacks, not sparing his head.” During the decisive assault on October 1, 1618, the prince took charge of the battle in the very dangerous place, at the Arbat Gate of the White City, and repelled a night attack by the enemy, who blew up the gates of the Zemlyanoy City. However, Pozharsky’s soldiers acted so successfully that they forced Hetman Sagaidachny, who attacked Moscow in this place, to withdraw the remnants of his Cossacks from the Moscow streets littered with their bodies.

In subsequent years, the prince was also in the public eye - he led the Yamsky, Robbery, Local and Judicial orders, and was a governor in Novgorod the Great. During the unsuccessful Smolensk War of 1632-1634, Pozharsky, together with Prince D. Cherkassky, formed a cover army that gathered in Mozhaisk, but this army was disbanded without taking part in military operations.

During the years of the Azov “siege” of the Don Cossacks of 1637-1638, he strengthened Moscow in case of a possible war with Turkey, supervising the work on the construction of an earthen rampart erected around the capital.

In 1637 on own funds Dmitry Mikhailovich built the Kazan Cathedral near the shopping arcades on Red Square and transferred there from his home church the miraculous icon of the Mother of God, sent to him from Kazan and accompanying him during the liberation of Moscow.

Thanks to the generosity of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, he became one of the richest landowners in Russia. Pozharsky's last service was his participation in the spring of 1640 in negotiations with Polish ambassadors who arrived in Moscow. On April 20, 1642, Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky died, having adopted the schema and taken the name Kozma before his death. According to legend, Mikhail Fedorovich, honoring his merits, “saw off the coffin of this unforgettable boyar and honored him with his tears.” Pozharsky's remains were buried in the family tomb in the Spaso-Evfimievsky Monastery in Suzdal.

Dmitry Pozharsky short biography

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Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky short biography for children

Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky, in short, is a Russian prince who organized and led the people's militia against the Polish-Lithuanian invaders, and liberated Moscow from them.
Speaking briefly about Pozharsky, it should be noted that there were never any outstanding commanders or famous political figures in his family. Only Pozharsky’s grandfather distinguished himself during Ivan the Terrible’s aggressive campaign against Kazan, being a regimental commander.

Dmitry Pozharsky is a descendant of an ancient family whose roots go back to the founder of Moscow, Yuri Dolgoruky.
The future liberator of Moscow was born on November 1, 1578 on his mother’s estate, given to her as a dowry. In addition to Dmitry, his father had three more children.
When Dmitry's father dies, the Pozharsky family moves to their house in Moscow. Little Dmitry was then 10 years old.

At the age of 15, Pozharsky, according to the customs of that time, began serving at the court of Boris Godunov. His mother, who always helped her son, achieved high rank supreme noblewoman under the queen. Under the influence of his mother, Pozharsky received a rare for those times a good education. She instilled in her son such character traits as loyalty to duty and the Motherland. From the reviews of his contemporaries we can conclude that he was a very fair, generous, generous, modest and brave man.

IN Time of Troubles, during the reign of False Dmitry I, and then during the reign of Vasily Shuisky, Pozharsky continues to serve at court. When the troops of False Dmitry I and the Lithuanians who supported him invaded Rus' and began to plunder it, Shuisky sends Dmitry Pozharsky as a governor to fight the enemy. For his faithful service, he received from the tsar the estate of his ancestors, taken away during the time of Ivan the Terrible.
More than once Pozharsky was persuaded to participate in conspiracies against Shuisky, but he firmly rejected all proposals, remaining faithful to the tsar and his oath. By that time he had been appointed governor of the city of Zaraysk.

When the Seven Boyars came to power in Moscow after the death of Shuisky and the boyars allowed Polish troops into the capital and called the Polish prince to the throne, many cities, including Zaraysk, did not accept this decision and refused to obey. The first people's militia began to form against the invaders, to which Prince Pozharsky joined. During heavy battles with the Poles, he was wounded and taken to his estate. The second militia, which Kuzma Minin began to assemble, according to the decision of its leaders, was to be led by Pozharsky. The prince did not refuse and immediately arrived in Nizhny Novgorod, where the militia was gathering.

On August 20, 1612, the people's militia, led by Dmitry Pozharsky, approached Moscow. For four days there were fierce battles with Polish and Lithuanian troops. On August 24 they were completely defeated.

After the expulsion of enemies from Russian soil, at the suggestion of Prince Pozharsky, the last of Rurik’s descendants, Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, was elected as the new king. After this, Pozharsky served at court until his death in 1642.

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