Which granules are best for bottle production. How to open your own business recycling pet and pvc waste

Environmental damage from plastic waste is obvious, and we see this garbage, unfortunately, almost every day. A significant portion of soft drinks and beer are packaged in plastic PET bottles. A special feature of convenient PET containers is that this plastic is very resistant, and its destruction lasts for tens and hundreds of years. PET is polyethylene terephthalate (not to be confused with polyethylene), which can be recycled. Burning it causes no less harm than simply burying it. This is due to the fact that even at temperatures of 600-900 oC PET does not burn completely, but partially combines with chlorine, which is contained in waste, for example, in the form of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), forming one of the most dangerous poisons- dioxin. Lethal dose dioxin for humans is 0.00001 g, which is less than for chemical warfare agents such as sarin and soman. Therefore, recycling plastic bottles How business is not just cleaning environment, but also concern for future generations.

Let's consider what the full recycling cycle of plastic bottles includes. Recycling of PET waste includes the following steps:

waste collection;
sorting, sometimes with pressing and transportation;
grinding;
washing;
separation from contaminants (labels, caps and debris);
repeated washing and drying;
transformation into secondary granules.

A PET waste recycling business can be organized in various ways. Naturally, the most profitable is a mini-plant for processing plastic bottles; however, this is a profitable, but very expensive investment. Let's look at everything in order.

Basics of PET waste recycling technology

Polyethylene terephthalate is known under the names PET, PET, RET, Mylar, Terlon, Lavsan (Laboratory of Macromolecular Compounds of the Academy of Sciences) and others. This polymer with a density of 1.4 g/cm3 (heavier than water) becomes fluid at temperatures above 250 °C and decomposes above 350 °C. PET is very resistant material, which is insoluble in water, gasoline, and relatively resistant to the action of dilute solutions of acids and alkalis. These properties are the basis of PET processing technology.

The higher density of PET than water allows it to be separated from paper and polyethylene, which float in water, and PET settles to the bottom. The washed material is dried and, after heating to a temperature of 250-270 oC (without air access), squeezed out through small holes to form granules.

There are other processing technologies - in motor fuel and decomposition into the original monomers. How plastic bottles are processed into such products can be read in specialized literature and find information on the Internet. However, as long as there is a demand for recycled PET, processing into pellets is the most cost-effective.

Waste collection, sorting and shredding

Unfortunately, in our country there is no separate storage of waste and garbage, so collecting plastic bottles is a very difficult task. This task is further complicated by the fact that PET bottles have a very low bulk density. Typically, the description of mini-plants for plastic processing does not include the stage of collecting and preparing raw materials. But in vain! Here are some numbers. Weight of a PET bottle with a volume of 1.5-2.0 liters 40-50 g. This means that 1 ton of raw materials is 20,000-25,000 bottles, which occupy a volume (without pressing) of about 15 m3! How to collect them?

Let's discard it right away great idea installation of imported racks for collecting bottles for money. This is good, but purchasing, installing and maintaining such equipment (several thousand dollars per unit) is not cheap. It remains realistic to install special containers in yards and sort them at waste processing plants. Receiving plastic for recycling in landfills (yes, yes - homeless people are eternal protectors of the environment) is also very profitable.

Cooperation with PET container manufacturers is very promising. Rejected bottles are excellent raw materials.

Once you have solved the problem of collecting used bottles, they need to be transported or shredded on site. It can be shredded at a waste recycling plant or at installations in places remote from residential buildings (the smell from used containers is still the same). Let us estimate the price of equipment for processing plastic bottles at this stage.

Plastic bottles have become convenient for transporting and storing liquids. Glass containers are now rarely used. After use, plastic products are usually thrown away. A lot of this garbage accumulates every day. Because of this, the question arises whether equipment designed for such work can be used to establish a profitable business.

Advantages

Nowadays, many business ideas that improve the lives of the population are popular. If bottle recycling becomes popular among people, it will create a permanent source of income. In our country, few people are engaged in such activities, so there is a possibility of profitability of the business.

The benefits include:

The profit-to-revenue ratio will be approximately 25%, which is higher compared to other areas.
The businessman who recycles bottles is respected by the residents. This will guarantee some support from them.
Now environmental projects supported by government and local authorities.
There are companies that want to be responsible for protecting the environment. But since this is not their main focus, they choose to invest in such projects.

Flaws

But such a business also has disadvantages that novice entrepreneurs may encounter:

Difficulty opening. Since this area is regulated by law, paperwork can be complicated. It is necessary to obtain many permissions from various organizations. As a result, everything takes about 8 months, which is a lot compared to other types of business.

There is no constant supply of raw materials. But it is necessary for the continuous operation of production. Also, not everyone understands where to sell products.
Requires manual labor. It requires a large number of employees, each of whom will do their job. Only then will the activity become effective.

Business demand

There are several reasons to understand that such a business is very promising. These include:

Low competition.
Availability of raw materials.
Uncomplicated workflow.
Environmental factors.

Because these plants improve the environment, they are supported by the government as well as conservation communities. No matter how profitable it is, the business must be organized competently. Renting or purchasing premises will be required. You also need to formally register your business.

Technology

It is necessary to purchase professional equipment for bottles. The technology consists of the following work:

Products are being collected.
Whatever the equipment for recycling plastic bottles, sorting is mandatory stage. It is carried out by class. Typically, products are divided into unpainted and painted. They are processed separately. A special group are bottles based on polyvinyl chloride, which require a special procedure.

Then manual removal of rubber, paper, and metal is performed.
Then the bottles are squeezed. Once they are compressed, they are loaded onto a packaging recycling line.
The result is considered to be flake-shaped flakes. Flex is the raw material for the production of such bottles or chemical fiber. Many products are made from it - packaging tapes, paving slabs, films.

During recycling, labels and caps are automatically removed and bottles are crushed. The fragments are added to a special cauldron, where they are washed off with water. various elements. Then the plastic is cleaned and dried. It is stored in a special bunker. All this is done by bottle equipment.

Each stage of production is considered important. They are performed by different employees. Responsibilities are distributed among employees taking into account their qualifications. Only then will the whole process be carried out efficiently.

Equipment

You can use 2 options for organizing a business:

The mobile processing plant is located in a truck. This idea is more suitable in cases where you plan to serve several cities.
Renting a building for a workshop. Equipment for processing plastic bottles (complete line) costs about 3-4 million rubles.

Both options for organizing a business are in demand. You will need the following equipment to recycle plastic bottles:

Belt conveyors.
Rotary machine.
"Crusher" - equipment for processing plastic bottles into granules.
Screw conveyor.
Steam boiler.
Polishing machine.
Dryer-water separator.
Air dryer.
Storage bins.

Each device is important to the production process. It can be purchased either separately or complete. If you purchase equipment for processing plastic bottles in the form of a mobile plant, its price is approximately 5-6 million rubles. For a stationary view it is necessary large area- over 2,000 sq. m. It is better to establish a business in abandoned factories and warehouses on the edge of the city. Then the cost of the premises will not be high.

If you purchase a plot of land and build a hangar, you will profitable processing plastic bottles as a business. The equipment will produce not only flex, but also fiber, which increases profits and profitability. This requires larger investments, so a novice entrepreneur should do this after payback down payments to your business.

Is a home business possible?

It is unlikely that plastic bottle recycling can be done at home. This equipment takes up a lot of space. But a separate room is perfect for this. Best choice There will be a mobile installation. Although it is more expensive, it can be easily installed indoors.

It is enough to install the equipment, connect the sewer system to eliminate waste, and connect the power supply. The size of the lines is usually 6-10 meters. With such indicators, it will be possible to place equipment for processing plastic bottles at home, if the space of the room allows. This technique does not take up much space and also consumes a minimal amount of electricity.

Receiving raw materials

For a business to be successful, it is better to open a plant in big city so that transport costs are low. Although bottles are a lightweight product, they take up a lot of space. Because of this, long-distance transport reduces profitability. The location may be equidistant from several cities.

The assembly of raw materials is carried out manually at landfills, which are available throughout the country. The bottles are placed in bags and then pressed, after which they are delivered to the factory. You can also search for raw materials using the Internet. Now there are many platforms where there are advertisements for the sale and purchase of bottles. The main task will be to offer favorable conditions compared to competitors. Services function like auctions.

It is possible to find a direct supplier of waste in the form of PET bottles. This is usually the most profitable option. We need to find companies that produce a lot of this waste. These are offices where employees are provided with various drinks free of charge. The level of consumption there is quite high.

Cost

To organize such a business, many employees are needed, since many activities are performed by manual labor. The minimum number of employees is 10 people. Their average salary is 20 thousand rubles. The costs of the motivation system should be taken into account, since it increases labor productivity.

During calculations, it must be taken into account that the schedule should be in shifts. It will take about 15 thousand rubles to purchase a ton of bottles with transport costs. The purchase price is determined not only by the manufacturer, but also by the type of raw material. For example, brown plastic is considered the most affordable, but it is used only in some areas.

Transparent plastic is considered more expensive. Costs should include the cost of electricity and water consumption. The price of 1 ton of products can be in the range of 40-90 thousand rubles. The cost is calculated based on the size of the granules, characteristics, and color.

Staff

To organize a mini-factory, you need at least 8-10 workers. They will work in shifts. We also need an accountant, a manager and 2 loaders. This composition of workers will allow bottle recycling to be carried out efficiently.

Over time, it becomes possible to expand production. Then you will need to hire more workers to increase the number of products sold.

Sales

For such a business to be profitable, you need to establish the right sales system. A company that does not produce fiber can organize sales to other similar companies where the entire technological cycle operates. Then the cost per ton will be less than the market price, but there will be constant demand.

There are organizations that create fibers from flex. There are few such companies in Russia, but their volumes are large, so this guarantees high profits. You can use the platform to find clients, for example, create an ad and wait for responses.

Profit and payback

The payback period is approximately 1.5-2 years, since it is necessary to make investments, especially at the beginning. The advantage is that the costs of organizing processing are low. Therefore, with revenue of 800 thousand rubles per month, the profit will be equal to 200-300 thousand rubles. Income is determined by the type of raw materials and other factors.

Before deciding on this type of activity, you need to weigh all the positive and negative aspects such a business. Carefully calculate the amount that will be needed to open production, study the package of documents that permit this type of activity. It would also be a good idea to look at a place to rent in advance, compare the cost of equipment and choose the most suitable option.

Polyethylene terephthalate is commonly called simply PET.

This is one of the most versatile and inexpensive materials for the production of convenient packaging.

Usually Drink bottles are made from polyethylene.

On average, one person produces more than 360 kg of solid waste per year.

A significant part of them are plastic bottles, the decomposition of which in natural conditions will take hundreds of years.

Landfills are growing around major cities. Developed countries have been recycling and disposing of their waste for a long time. Gradually, the problem of garbage is beginning to be solved in Russia. It turned out that recycling plastic bottles can bring good income.

Today there are two main technologies. Most often obtained from plastic bottles PET granules, which are reused in the production of various polymer products. The technology for converting old bottles is revolutionary into automobile fuel. The domestic installation gives a product yield of about 900 grams per 1 kg of raw materials.

True, such equipment costs about 12-17 million rubles and is not affordable for small businesses. But the production of recycled PET is not difficult to organize. How does this happen and where to use the resulting recyclables? Let's consider the main stages.

Collection of raw materials

The collection of raw materials is the easiest to organize, but it costs minimum cash investment.

The municipality will most likely agree to such initiatives.

The easiest ways:

create reception points;
establish cooperation with landfills;
install on the streets bottle bins;
put machines for automated assembly of raw materials among the population.

The bottles are very light but bulky, so significant transport costs may be required at this stage. They can be reduced by purchasing a small press. This will allow us to significantly reduce the volume of primary raw materials and reduce the costs of transporting them.

If possible, bottles are better immediately collect without lids and rings, because they are made from a different type of plastic - PVC, which must be recycled separately.

Of course, at subsequent stages of processing they can be removed, but then it will not be so easy to compress them; you will need a special spiked press.

As an option, you can purchase a PET bottle piercer (puncher) as a separate unit.

Sorting

Not all plastic is the same, so the collected raw materials need to be sorted. Bottles are collected separately different colors:

colorless,
green,
blue,
brown.

Less suitable for bottle recycling like this:

red,
from under the oil
from dairy products,
packaging for household chemicals.

This processing step is very important because it greatly affects the quality of the final product.

It is important to select only PET type plastic, excluding all other types.

There are special types of equipment that allow perform this sorting automatically, but if there is a cheap one labor force, this can be done manually.

Cleaning

Sorted bottles must be thoroughly washed to remove labels, remaining contents, dust, dirt, and glue. Washing is simple hot water with caustic soda. The caps are unscrewed or cut off from the bottles if this has not been done previously.

For better cleaning from the inside bottles need to be crushed.

Crushing

Well-washed PET is converted into special crushers flex– multi-colored flakes measuring 12-20 mm.

There are production lines that combine washing and crushing, which improves the quality of the finished product.

At the same stage, you can automatically sort the material by color, if this has not been done before.

Sorting PET by color is very important because Prices for plastic of different colors differ. Brown flakes are the highest quality, but the cheapest, as they cannot be repainted. Their purchase price is approximately $600 per ton. Next comes green and blue flex. Transparent is the most expensive, up to $800 per ton.

After washing, the flex is thoroughly dried in a centrifuge and dryer.

Unloading and packaging

Flex is an intermediate product in the PET bottles processing line, although many sell it as a finished product.

Clean and dry flakes are unloaded from the drying chamber hopper and packaged in big bags or plastic bags, usually 30 kg each.

The finished flex can already be sold to manufacturers, or you can still work on it and get a more expensive product - granules.

Agglomeration

This is the process of flex sintering. It is crushed with rotating knives at a temperature of 100 degrees, resulting in small lumps of 2-15 mm. These lumps are sent for the final operation - granulation.

Granulation

The crushed mass turns into granules of the same size and weight. Next is the mixture:

heats up to 280 degrees,
stretched into fibers
cut into identical granules.

At this stage you can use extruder.
In this case the mixture:

melts,
mixed,
is drawn into fibers.

Received fibers:

cut into pieces of the required length,
cool in cold water.

From such material already can be produced:

sewer pipes,
sheath for electrical wires,
mesh
and much more.

Granular plastic is already finished raw materials for packaging manufacturers and a wide range of products - from basins to clothing.

Demand on the market

Recycled PET granulate is in wide demand in production:

preforms for plastic bottles;
thick film;
binding twine;
polyester for the textile industry;
tiles;
Euro pallets;
paving slabs;
abrasive wheels;
components for the automotive industry (engine covers, panels, bumpers, doors) and much more.

Recycling plastic bottles can be very profitable if the process is properly organized. Raw materials are cheap and available, and the final product widely in demand.

The same material can be recycled more than once.

Prospects

In Russia, such production is still poorly developed, which means competition is still minimal. But in many countries, plastic has long been no longer found in landfills. This type of recycling allows you to:

limit oil consumption,
reduce environmental pollution,
reduce prices for PET products.

The time is not far off when there will be a serious struggle for access to landfills.

Growing interest in the organization own business has been observed for more than a year now. At the same time, most individuals and large companies are increasingly paying tribute to environmental protection in order to preserve their health and the future of the planet.

That is why one of the increasingly popular ideas is recycling PET bottles.

Since any project that helps improve people's living conditions is at the peak of popularity, bottle recycling is current business idea. Considering the fact that so far practically no one is doing this in our country, we can conclude that any beginning entrepreneur has a chance to gain a foothold in the industry and start earning decent money.

However, this type of business has its drawbacks, which in essence can be considered as obstacles to the successful implementation of the idea:

Difficulties associated with opening. Since this area is poorly regulated by law, the preparation of documentation itself is a rather complex process. In addition, it is necessary to obtain a large number of permits from various types of structures. As a result, the entire process can take from 5 to 8 months (which is quite long compared to other types of activities).
Difficulty in establishing a fairly stable supply of raw materials. In order to truly make money in the processing industry, you need to set up the process so that there is a constant supply of raw materials. On the other hand, a problem of a different nature stands out here - it is not always clear where processed products can be sold.
High dependence on manual labor. In all situations where a business depends on this type of labor, it is necessary to organize employees in such a way that they form a friendly team - otherwise the efficiency of activity will tend to zero. The solution to this problem can be simplified by building a motivation system.

At the same time, the advantages of this business outweigh all possible disadvantages. So, among them stand out:

High profitability. The profit to revenue ratio will be around 25%, which is significantly higher than in other areas.
Loyal attitude of people towards such activities. If many companies have a controversial image among the population, then an entrepreneur engaged in bottle recycling will definitely be respected among the residents. This can guarantee some support from them.
Environmental projects are easier now receive support from government and local authorities.
Many companies strive to be socially responsible and in some way protect the environment. At the same time, they often do not want to do this, because if this is not their main profile, it can be extremely unprofitable from an economic point of view and have a negative impact on efficiency. Therefore, they prefer to invest in this kind of projects.

Process technology

The technology is carried out as follows:

First, plastic PET bottles are collected.
Then you need to sort by class. Most often, it is produced into an unpainted group and a dyed one, within which additional sorting by color is performed. Each subgroup will be processed separately. Also a separate category are bottles made of polyvinyl chloride, which must be processed in a special way.
After this, manual removal of rubber, paper, metal, etc. occurs in each group.
The next step is to compress the bottles. Once they become compressed, they must be loaded onto a line dedicated to container recycling.
The result is flake-shaped flakes. Flex is a raw material either for the production of the same bottles, or for chemical fiber, from which many products are made, among which packaging tape, paving slabs, films, etc. stand out.

It is important to understand that during the recycling process, labels and caps are automatically removed and bottles are crushed. Then the fragments are placed in a special cauldron, where the remaining foreign elements are washed off with water. Finally, the cleaned plastic is further cleaned and dried. It must be stored in a designated bin.

Required equipment

There are two options for organizing this type of business:

Firstly, it could be mobile plant for recycling, fits in a truck. This idea is most profitable if the entrepreneur plans to serve several small cities through his project at once.
Second case - rent of a building for a processing workshop. The cost of equipment for a fully equipped line can be 3-4 million rubles y. You will need:
- Belt conveyors;
- Rotary machine;
- The so-called “crusher” is a device for crushing bottles;
- Screw conveyor;
- Steam boiler;
- Polishing machine;
- Dryer-water separator;
- Air dryer;
- Storage bins.

It is important to understand that the cost of a mobile plant will be higher and will be approximately 5-6 million rubles. As for the stationary option, a large area will be required - at least 2000 sq.m. Accordingly, abandoned factories or warehouses closer to the outskirts of the city are best suited for these purposes - so that the price for the premises does not turn out to be exorbitant. Alternatively, you can buy a large plot of land and build a hangar yourself (however, this will cost much more).

Ideally, produce not only flex, but also fiber, since in this case profits and profitability will significantly increase. However, this will require an even higher level of investment, and a new entrepreneur should do this only after the initial investment has paid off and begins to generate a stable income.

Obtaining raw materials for bottle recycling

In order to successfully organize a business, it is more advisable to open a plant in big city, so that transport costs are minimal, since bottles are a very light product, which at the same time takes quite a lot large number places - accordingly, long-distance transportation will reduce profitability. Alternatively, the location may be equidistant from several major cities.

Raw materials are collected by hand from landfills in various parts of the country. Essentially, at these landfills, bottles are hand-picked into bags, then pressed and delivered directly to the factory.

In addition, you can search for raw materials via the Internet. There are many platforms where advertisements for the sale or purchase of plastic bottles are posted. The main task in this case is to offer more favorable conditions than potential competitors: these kinds of services work on the principle of regular auctions.

You can find a direct supplier of waste in the form of PET bottles. Often this method turns out to be the cheapest. It is necessary to find manufacturing or trading companies that produce large volumes of this type of waste (in particular, these may be the offices of beverage companies, since in most of them the consumption of all products is free for employees: accordingly, the level of consumption is very high).

General costs of starting a business

First of all, you need to understand that organizing such a business will require a large number of workers, since many operations will be performed using manual labor. Minimum quantity workers will be 10 people. At the same time, their salary is at the moment on average is about 20 thousand rubles. However, it is important not to forget about the motivation system: as a result, wage costs will be slightly higher.

When making calculations, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the employees’ work schedule must be in shifts.

To purchase a ton of bottles, taking into account transport costs, it will take about 10-15 thousand rubles(primarily depending on the purchase price). Interestingly, the price depends not only on who the purchase is made from, but also on the type of raw material: for example, brown plastic is the cheapest (its scope of application is quite narrow), while transparent plastic, on the contrary, is considered the most expensive.

Costs also need to take into account the cost of electricity and water consumed. Cost of one ton finished products may vary from 40 to 90 thousand rubles. It depends on the size of the granules, their technical characteristics, as well as colors.

Sales of products

In order to make money from this kind of production, it is necessary to properly set up a sales system. Firstly, a company that does not produce fiber can sell to other similar processing companies with a more complete technological cycle. In this case, the price per ton will be slightly lower than the market price, but the enterprise will have constant demand.

In addition, some organizations are engaged only in the production of fiber from ready-made flex. There are only a few such enterprises in Russia, but their volumes are very large, so this will guarantee a stable profit. You can use the platform to find buyers of recycled plastic - place an ad and wait for responses.

Calculation of profitability and payback period

The payback period for such a project will be approximately 1.5-2 years due to the need for a large amount of investment at the initial stage. The advantage is the fact that the costs organized process processing rates are quite low. Therefore, with revenue of 800 thousand rubles per month, the profit will be about 200-300 thousand rubles, depending on the raw materials processed and other factors.

Thus, a business focused on improvement ecological situation, can be profitable and bring in stable high level income. Bottle recycling is a promising niche in which the small quantity companies, so market saturation does not threaten the industry for many years.

Video material about the organization of production

In the video you can see the production line and processing technology:

It is no secret that in big cities there has long been a problem of recycling PET bottles or, more simply, plastic. Many environmentalists are scratching their heads over a solution to this problem. One way or another, there are available solutions, for example, plastic recycling. Agree, saving the ecology of the planet and at the same time earning good money is very cool. If you consider that this is a very profitable business, then you can safely open your own business in this area. But there are many nuances that definitely need to be mentioned.

General useful information

Since PET bottles can be produced very cheaply, their production is unlikely to cease in the coming years. Such plastic waste is accepted for mere pennies, so it is much easier to throw the plastic away with the garbage rather than take it to a collection point. Huge dumps of bottles and other products appear.

It is worth drawing your attention to the fact that a plastic product itself takes about 200 years to decompose. Since this business will be based on the processing of secondary raw materials, it is very cheap. This kind of business is quite easy to open. This is due to the fact that the state will help you in all possible ways.

Plus, in most cases, you won't need to spend money on purchasing raw materials. It is possible that you will even receive a small percentage for recycling a certain amount of plastic waste. Let's look at some basics of this business and let's take a closer look at the technological line and profitability.

Why is this industry developed in Russia?

This is a question every aspiring entrepreneur should ask. In general, there can be a large number of reasons. But the main one is this: businessmen believe that a huge initial investment will be required. In addition, there is an opinion that such an activity is unprofitable, which is fundamentally wrong. To give some visual figures, there are very few enterprises in Russia that process plastic.

Approximately 6% goes to recycling and, accordingly, 94% goes to a landfill, where PET bottles decompose over the next two to three hundred years. But in Europe, for example, the situation is not so dire, although it is also far from ideal. About 80% of plastic is recycled there. Based on all this, we can say with confidence that this is a very profitable investment, especially if you open in a big city, where hundreds of tons of plastic are brought to landfill every year.

First steps to starting a business

The most important thing is successful start, and then it will be easier. At the very beginning you will have to run. It is worth finding out if your city has any special environmental programs. Their essence lies in the fact that regional authorities allocate cash grants or other assistance to budding businessmen in this industry. So, they can help you find premises or organize regular deliveries of raw materials to the warehouse, or pay a percentage of recycled waste.

Therefore, before you register legal entity, check your local administration. There you can find out how the authorities support the ecology of their city or region. After you conclude an agreement, you can open a bank account and also begin searching for a suitable premises where your small plant will be located. Don't forget to register a legal entity, preferably using the "LLC" form.

Where can I accept plastic for recycling?

As noted a little above, you need to start looking for suitable premises. If in Europe it is a real problem to find an empty factory or workshop, then in Russia there is nothing easier. There are a large number of buildings that have stood idle since Soviet times. You need to focus on an area of 300 square meters. This will be quite enough to install all the equipment, as well as organize a small warehouse for storing raw materials and finished products.

But do not forget that in the case of an abandoned building you will need to restore or carry out on our own communications. If you have available funds, then you can rent a premises that is ready to open, but you will have to spend a lot of money. Another option is prefabricated hangars. This good decision, if you need to open as soon as possible and don’t have time to search.

Purchase of equipment

After you have selected the premises, carried out all the communications and made them suitable for use, you need to start purchasing equipment. Here you can go two ways: buy domestically produced or foreign equipment. In the first case, the purchase will cost slightly less, but the quality will suffer. In the latter case, everything is extremely expensive.

It is worth drawing your attention to the fact that accepting plastic for recycling is not releasing drinking water, therefore, a technological line manufactured in Russia will be quite sufficient. If you buy low-productivity simple equipment, then everything will cost about 600 thousand rubles. If you plan to create a full-fledged powerful plant, then you need to pay at least 2-3 million rubles for equipment for plastic processing.

In principle, you can start with a small plant. It is most profitable to recycle transparent plastic; it can be sold for about 20 thousand rubles. per ton, colored - 15 thousand rubles, and brown - 10 thousand rubles.

Recycling plastic waste: technology and features

Let's look at how, in fact, everything happens. The whole process can be divided into several simple stages. The first thing you need to do is sort. This is done manually. Workers should separate colored plastic, clear plastic and brown plastic. This is due to the fact that at the end we must get a product of the same color, otherwise the cost of the batch will decrease significantly.

Foreign objects such as rubber or paper must be removed manually. At the end of the sorting process, loading begins plastic containers in line. Processing itself does not take much time, although it all depends on the productivity of the equipment, so it can be either a ton per hour or 200-300 kilograms.

The line consists of several connected units. At the first stage, the caps and labels are separated, after which the raw materials enter crushers, where they are crushed with knives and transferred further along the conveyor. Next is a washing machine, which uses hot water to remove not only dirt, but also unnecessary crushing residues. Then the plastic undergoes polishing and rinsing, and comes off the assembly line already cleaned. Flex gradually accumulates in a bunker, from where it is then unloaded and sorted.

Where to get raw materials for processing?

This is perhaps the simplest issue that can be resolved extremely quickly. Surely there are landfills in your city where large amounts of plastic are brought in every day. Nothing prevents you from concluding an agreement with the owner and taking the raw materials to your place for processing. This is quite beneficial for the landfill owner, since he does not have to pay money for transportation to a larger landfill or disposal.

You can make advertisements stating that you accept plastic at a good price, say, 6 rubles per kilogram. By the way, it is advisable to organize a collection point directly at or near the warehouse. This way you will save yourself from unnecessary transportation costs. In principle, there should not be any problems here. As noted above, the state, and primarily local authorities, are interested in plastic recycling.

Income and expenses

Well, now let's talk about how much you will ultimately have to spend and how much you can earn in a month of hard work. The equipment will cost about 600,000 rubles, plus we will need to hire employees, at least 6-8 people. If wages each will be about 20,000-25,000 rubles, then that’s another 150 thousand. It is also worth taking into account unforeseen expenses; we will allocate 100,000 rubles for them.

If local authorities help with the premises, then at first there will be no need to pay for its rent, but for electricity you will have to pay 30 thousand rubles every month. Overall recycling plastic surgery will cost you 900,000 rubles. But keep in mind that this is for a low-productivity production line. Costs will increase significantly when purchasing more powerful equipment. In about a year you should be fully paid off. To do this, you need to produce about 10 tons of flex per month.

What else do you need to know?

As you can see, plastic recycling is a quite profitable business. But here it is very important to have the right approach. For example, you can significantly reduce costs if you seek help from the city administration. In addition, it is possible to constantly conclude effective contracts with the owners of large landfills for the supply of raw materials for processing. Over time, you will be able to gradually expand your plant and increase the productivity of the production line. Profits will grow, and at the same time you will be doing quite a useful thing for local residents and the land on which you live.

Conclusion

Don't forget about this important point, as the location of the plant. It should not be on residential streets. This is due to the fact that noise is produced during processing. If this does not cause indignation among residents during the day, then dozens of complaints will be received at night. In addition, few people will like a standing hangar with waste under the window, even if it is covered.

There are standards that determine the minimum distance to residential buildings in the city. They need to be clarified with the local administration. Well, that’s all that can be said about what processing plastic into granules is, and what are the advantages of this business. As you can see, there is nothing unrealistic here. Moreover, having secured the necessary support, you will be able to start and develop more easily.