A project on the theme of new life for former garbage. Environmental project on the topic "Household waste of humanity

Hypothesis: to prove that household waste can be given a “second life”, or at least extend the life of plastic bottles, cans and other packaging material by making crafts with your own hands that will become a real work of art.

The problem of garbage  in recent years, among other environmental problems, the problem of garbage has come to the fore. According to experts, currently every inhabitant of the planet produces on average about one ton of garbage per year. IN Russian Federation Over 140 million cubic meters are generated annually. m of such waste and only 5% is processed, and the rest is taken to landfills for storage. The increase in the amount of household waste is associated with the following reasons:  growth in the production of disposable consumer goods;  increasing the amount of packaging;  - increasing the standard of living, allowing usable things to be replaced

Types of household waste:  - Food scraps  - Paper (newspapers, magazines, packaging materials)  - Glass (bottles, broken cans)  - Textiles (old clothes, bed sheets)  - Rubber ( car tires)  - Polymers (disposable tableware, plastic bags, plastic bottles)  - Ferrous and non-ferrous metals (tin cans).

Decomposition times for household waste. I have found that household waste takes a very long time to decompose. Glass bottles are 1000 years old; Plastic products 100 years; Tin cans – 50 to 80 years Rubber shoe soles – 4050 years; Leather goods 50 years; Nylon products – 30-40 years; Plastic bag – 10 20 years; Batteries 10 years; Cigarette butts 1 – 5 years; Wool sock 1 – 5 years; Paper 2 years; Orange or banana peel2 5 weeks.

Methods for recycling household waste. Today, there are the following methods that make it possible to get rid of household waste: The landfill method is the cheapest way to get rid of waste. In this case, the garbage is simply buried in the ground or dumped on it and covered with earth. Incineration method – when household waste burns, many toxic substances are released into the air. The first two methods are not harmless to our environment. They pose a serious environmental hazard. Recycling is the most effective way to solve the problem of getting rid of garbage, but FOR THIS it is necessary to build recycling plants and change the usual behavior of people, everyone should learn to sort household waste, as is done, for example, in Germany. There, the batteries of garbage barrels near houses are painted in 3 colors: gray, yellow, green. Recycling. I will tell you more about the recycling method.

Cardboard boxes. After moving or buying household appliances, there are often a lot of cardboard boxes left behind. Crafts made from waste cardboard can be of completely different sizes and purposes. You can make a small toy house and decorate it with colored pencils. A few boxes, a roll of adhesive tape and imagination are the necessary things to build a full-fledged playroom.

Disposable tableware is an excellent material for creating wonderful children's crafts. Using spoons, forks and plates you can make many different crafts. Plasticine and colored paper will help you decorate a plate and turn it into a wall panel. And pieces of fabric will turn plastic forks into beautiful fans. Spoons can be used to create interesting colors for decorating bouquets or paintings.

Burnt-out old light bulbs are often used to create children's New Year's crafts, namely for making Christmas tree decorations. Beading and painting are used to transform light bulbs. You can paint a light bulb and make it beautiful Christmas tree toy in the form of a penguin or snowman. You can also make a bell from a yogurt cup, decorating it with glitter, colored paper, beads and satin bows.

CONCLUSION: I proved that household waste has a second life. This does not require any resources, you only need an idea, imagination, patience and hands that will bring everything to life. Unusual compositions from old things make city streets more beautiful, making passers-by surprised, causing a smile, and sometimes just delight. how big a problem is the “invasion” of garbage on our planet. If you throw out less garbage, it means the environment will be healthier. research work It became clear to me that it was environmentally friendly. More than half of the waste can be recycled and used again. And not one person should stand aside! Everyone can do their bit and help nature in recycling waste. There is no need to wait for scientists to come up with microelements that can speed up the decomposition process of things like glass, tires, and plastic bottles.

Miroshnichenko Victoria Viktorovna

Levkina Natalya Nikolaevna

Teachers school 1538

Moscow

Project

Subject:

“The second life of garbage: making crafts from waste material”

Project participants: children middle group No. 2, parents, educators

Project type: cognitive-ecological

Implementation period: long term

Teachers: Miroshnichenko V.V.

Levkina N.N.

Problem:

Every day people throw away a lot of garbage: plastic bottles, various packaging, Kinder Surprise capsules, polystyrene foam, plastic lids, candy wrappers, etc. Much of this garbage can get a second life, becoming one original craft. And if you throw away less garbage, then the environment will be more environmentally friendly.

The guys and I were very interested in this issue, and we became interested in designing from waste material. We had a lot of fun making crafts. But we were even more happy when we saw that our crafts were being used in educational activities and in the lives of children in kindergarten. Children will learn how to create something new and interesting from already used things. And they even try to do something with their own hands.

Relevance:

Cultivating a creative attitude to work (the ability to see beauty in everyday things, experience a feeling of joy from the work process, the desire to learn the secrets and laws of the universe, the ability to find a way out of difficult life situations) is one of the most difficult and interesting tasks of modern pedagogy. And although people say: “Live forever, learn forever,” it is important not to miss that period in a child’s life when basic skills and abilities are formed, among which the central place is given to imagination, fantasy, and interest in new things. If these qualities are not developed in the preschool period, then subsequently rapid decline activity of this function, which means that the personality is impoverished, opportunities are reduced creative thinking, interest in art fades, creative activity.

Making crafts from waste materials promotes the development of creative abilities in preschoolers.

During such creative activity, the child creates useful and aesthetically significant objects and products to decorate everyday life (games, work, gifts for loved ones, recreation). In the process of making crafts from waste material, preschoolers, along with technical skills, develop the ability to analyze objects of the surrounding reality, form generalized ideas about the objects being created, develop independent thinking, creativity, artistic taste, valuable personality qualities are formed (accuracy, determination, perseverance in achieving goals, etc.).

Project goal::

Form emotional positive attitude to the surrounding world and nature.

Bringing children to understand that waste material (garbage) can be used to create crafts, things (objects), useful to people; promoting and strengthening the connection between preschool educational institutions and families.

Tasks:

To promote knowledge of the properties of the material, the desire to experiment with them;

Develop the ability to create artistic images;

Develop eye, dexterity of hand and finger movements, ability to use tools and materials.

"Cognitive Development"

Let children understand that nature is ours common house, expand knowledge

children about nature, continue to form an idea of ​​the role of nature in human life.

Develop mental processes: visual and auditory perception, memory, attention.

"Social and communicative development"

Coordinate your actions with the actions of your peers.

Teach children to listen carefully to the task and carry it out diligently.

Bring joy to children and arouse interest.

"Speech development"

Enrich and activate vocabulary on the topic.

Practice your ability to give answers.

"Artistic and aesthetic development"

Development of perception of works of art (musical)

"Physical development"

Develop coordination of movements.

Integration of types of children's activities: communicative, cognitive,

motor, musical and artistic activities.

Form of activity: joint activities of adults and children.

Expected result for children:

children will have a desire to experiment with waste materials;

the ability to use tools and materials will develop;

organization of creative exhibitions.

Expected result for parents:

increasing the interest of parents in making crafts (objects) from waste material on the theme “Don’t throw it away - it will come in handy!”

Preliminary stage of project implementation:

, "Morning circle of friends."

Target: the children's mood to participate in the project

Project stage:

Project underway

Project goal:

Awareness of the feasibility of sorting, processing and recycling garbage (waste) and making various necessary things from it.

Project objectives:

Identifying the causes of garbage;
- Finding out which waste decomposes faster;
- Mastering new technologies for working with various waste materials (garbage)
- Change children’s attitude towards garbage by showing how they can give a second life to waste material;
- Drawing the attention of adults and children to the problem of increasing the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the emergence of environmental problems associated with this fact;
- Make crafts from waste materials.

Results achieved in last year:

Result for children:
 Children realized the importance of nature conservation, environmentally appropriate behavior in environment, do not litter it;
 Children’s level of environmental knowledge, cognitive and speech activity of children has increased preschool age;
 Children developed a steady interest in creative, search and research activities.
 children will have a desire to experiment with waste materials;
 the ability to use tools and materials will develop;
 organization of creative exhibitions.

Result for parents:
 increasing the role of parents in the environmental education of children;
 interest in joint activities for the protection of nature conservation;
 increasing parents’ interest in making crafts (items) from waste material on the theme “Don’t throw it away - it will come in handy!” Participation of parents in competitions for the best craft on the topics “Second life of things”, “Toy from a plastic bottle”, etc.

Social significance of the project:

The problem of garbage affects all of us. Landfills and other accumulations of waste are a serious source environmental hazard. Huge number various garbage has become an integral part of our lives today. We use the products, and throw away the packaging and waste without a second thought. According to Russian statistics, over the past decades, residents of the country began to consume much more goods and throw away much more more quantity packages At the same time, our waste recycling system is poorly developed; separate collection of household waste, which promotes the recycling of materials, has practically not been introduced. Today, the problem of waste disposal is one of the most pressing, because without solving this problem, our world will turn into a big landfill. By implementing our project we want to make at least a small contribution to solving this problem.

Activities carried out within the framework of the project:

1. Preparatory stage:
-studying literature on the topic of the project
- selection of artistic and ecological children's literature, illustrative material, didactic games.
- cleanup day for cleaning the territory of the kindergarten.
-conversations with children and parents.
-collection of information about what can be made from things that are thrown away as unnecessary material.
-collection of necessary materials.
2. Practical stage (project implementation):
Social and communicative development:
Conversations “Garbage – is it good or bad”, “Let’s take an intelligent look at garbage”
Work assignments: “Cleaning up the area from garbage.”
“Cleaning a group room (every thing has its place)” Goal: Fostering hard work, neatness, and respect for the environment.
Speech development:
Reading environmental stories and fairy tales.
Looking at the illustrations “Garbage around us”,
Guessing riddles.
Conversation "Help nature."
Conversation “Rules of behavior in nature.” Release of the poster “Take care of nature!”
Conversation: “A conversation about garbage, and what can be done to reduce garbage.” Goal: To give children an idea of ​​the problem of garbage in our city. Talk about the dangers of landfills for nature and people. Convey to the children the importance of this problem and show some ways out of this situation. Suggest thinking about solving the garbage problem with the help of the children in the village. and at home.
Conversation: “The earth is our common home and we will save it” Goal: to educate children in a humane attitude towards nature, the desire to preserve and preserve the beauty of nature.
Cognitive development:
Screening of the presentation “Nature’s Complaint Book”.
Didactic games: “Collect the garbage correctly.” "Sorting the garbage"
Looking at illustrations on the topic: “Garbage around us”
Experimental activities “Properties of paper”, “Properties of plastic”, “Sorting out garbage”, “Garbage in the ground”, “How the wind carries garbage”.
GCD “Garbage – is it good or bad?”
NOD “It’s better to litter now, get out of the habit, kids!” Making environmental signs by children.
GCD Construction: “A Smart Look at Garbage” Goal: Expanding children’s understanding of the recycling of household waste.
Labor activity “Clean area of ​​the kindergarten.”
Physical development. Outdoor games using outdoor material made from plastic bottles.
Artistic and aesthetic development:
Making crafts for the exhibition “The Second Life of Unnecessary Things.”
Productive activities with children “Wonderful transformations of waste material”
Working with parents.
Consultations for parents:
Participation of parents in competitions for making crafts from waste materials

Artemenko Anna Vladimirovna
Ecological project“The problem of garbage and the second life of used things”

Explanatory note

Relevance.

Preschool age is an important stage in development ecological culture of personality. At this age, the child begins to distinguish himself from the environment, develops an emotional and value-based attitude towards the environment, and forms the foundations of moral and ecological positions of the individual.

Ecological-the social situation of today puts before specialists preschool education the task of finding universal means environmental education in modern conditions. One of these means, in my opinion, may be environmental project, one of the few technologies that takes the teacher beyond the walls of the kindergarten in the world around us and social reality.

Every day during the walk, the preschoolers took part in cleaning the territory of their site and every time they had problems questions: where does so much come from? garbage? Where are they taking them? garbage? etc. To answer these childish questions and try to solve “ garbage problem", I developed project« The problem of garbage and« second life» used items».

Passport project

Name project« The problem of garbage and« second life» used items»

Developer project Artemenko Anna Vladimirovna

Teacher of MBDOU No. 5

What age and social group aimed project Pupils of the preparatory group for school

Tasks project to form in children knowledge about various types of activities to protect nature.

Expand children’s knowledge about the interdependence of the natural world and human activities, both economic and environmental;

Form ideas about feasibility recyclable household and household waste;

Learn to correctly express your attitude towards the actions of children and adults from the perspective of generally accepted norms and adequately perceive the assessment of your behavior;

Develop imagination, the ability to realize one’s impressions in artistic and creative activities.

Type project According to the dominant activities: cognitive-creative.

By composition of participants: group.

By time: short-term

/from 01.03.2017 to 31.03.2017/

Participants project Pupils of preparatory school group No. 1, teachers of preschool educational institutions, parents of pupils.

Venue MBDOU No. 5, group room, playground, park area, st. Pervomayskaya.

Planned result:

Develop in children a negative attitude towards garbage on the streets of his native village and the desire to make it clean and beautiful

Create parents' interest in environmental problem raising your children.

Bring up careful attitude to nature.

Stages project

1. Preparatory (definition of goals and objectives project, making a plan).

Development of an implementation plan project.

Preparation of event notes.

Selection of illustrative material.

Introducing parents to the plan project.

2. Main (implementation of the plan project) .

Thematic excursion around the territory of the kindergarten and beyond .

Collection of photographic materials on the topic “Nature is begging for help!”

Conversations with children.

Games are experiments.

Organization motor activity children.

Reading fiction. Studying literature on the topic project("Encyclopedia Pochemuchki", « Trash fantasy» V. A. Usacheva).

3. Final (summarizing).

Show ecological fairy tale“Like a hedgehog was looking for grandma”

Thematic planning

No. Event Goals and objectives Participants

From 01.03 to 03.03.17

1. Thematic excursion "Clean area of ​​the kindergarten". Monitoring the state of the environment in and around the kindergarten. Instill a love of nature, a careful and caring attitude towards the environment. Cultivate interest and respect for the work of a janitor. Teacher

Pupils

2 Conversation "Help nature". To develop in children knowledge about various types of activities to protect nature, to arouse a desire for this activity, and to aim at carrying out some activities to help nature. Teacher

Pupils

3 Work assignments: “Helping the kids clean up the area from garbage» . "Cleaning the group site from garbage» Fostering hard work, accuracy, and respect for the environment.

Pupils

From 06.03 to 10.03.17

4 Reading ecological fairy tale: Ants and garbage.

Nikitina Yu. V.,

Nikitin Valery. Introduce children to ecological fairy tale . To develop in children the ability to listen, to follow the development of the plot in the work. Teacher

Pupils

5 Conversation: "O garbage and that what can be done to There is less garbage...» Give children an idea of the problem of garbage in the village.

Talk about the dangers of landfills for nature and people. Teach children to have a responsible attitude towards nature.

Convey to the children the importance of this problems and show some ways out of this situation. Teacher

Pupils

6 Didactic game : "Nature and Man"

To consolidate and systematize children’s knowledge about what is created by man and what nature gives to man. Teacher

Pupils

From 13.03. until 03/17/17

7 Outdoor game: "Take it quickly"

Teach children to walk, run in circles, act on a signal, develop dexterity and speed. Teacher

Pupils

FC instructor.

8 Memo for parents

“Teach children to save nature” Cultivate a caring attitude towards the environment, show in practice your attitude towards trash teacher

9 Game-experiment: "We're sorting garbage right»

To promote the development of the ability to differentiate and sort objects according to the materials from which they were made. Teacher

Pupils

10 Reading Ecological fairy tale"About how Purity Garbage won»

Pupils

From 20.03 to 24.03.17

11 Conversation: "Treat your planet right"

Introduce children to environmental problems ; cultivate love for the world around us. Teacher

Pupils

12 Outdoor game: "Change the subject". Learn to act on a signal, develop your hands, dexterity, speed. Teacher

Pupils

13 Didactic game “What happens if?”

Know what needs to be done in order to protect, preserve and enhance nature.

Develop the ability to draw conclusions and inferences. Teacher

Pupils

From 27.03 to 31.03.17

14 Consultation for parents « Ecological raising children in a family" Give methodological recommendations on formation ecological culture in the family, help to realize the need for personal participation in environmental activities . Teacher

Pupils

15 Didactic game: "Take care of nature" To consolidate knowledge about the protection of natural objects. Teacher

Pupils

16 Ecological fairy tale“Like a hedgehog was looking for grandma”

Teach children to be careful about the environment. Develop in children ecological thinking. Promote the development ecologically conscious behavior. Develop in children a negative attitude towards garbage on the streets of his native village and the desire to make it clean and beautiful Teacher

Pupils

Musical director

Publications on the topic:

2017 in Russia was declared the Year of Ecology. And as part of the year of ecology and the celebration of April 22 International Day We had land.

One autumn evening, turning over the shelves of furniture, I discovered a lot of unnecessary things: jars, ribbons, photo frames, etc. Anything could be done.

Project on environmental education “The problem of household waste” (preparatory group) Project passport “Problem” household waste» MADOOU Combined kindergarten No. 4 “Sun”, Aramil, 2017 Contents Characteristics.

“Aquarium” from a box and plastic bottles. Description of the design and research work Author and project leader: teacher Barinova.

1. Project concept.

Our cities are populated by a huge number of people. Every day, garbage is thrown out of every apartment. Garbage – garbage layout – trash container- The car takes the garbage to the landfill. That's how it should be! But this doesn't always happen.

One day we were walking around our site and found garbage among the bushes (packets of chips, crackers, dirty pieces of paper). The children began to ask questions: “How did the garbage get to our site? Who left it here? Why do people throw garbage on the ground? Why is there so much garbage around? What needs to be done to reduce it? Is it possible to give garbage a “second life”?” This is how we came up with the idea of ​​​​creating our study “The Waste Problem”.

2. How we looked for answers to emerging questions:

1. We conducted a targeted walk and noted that our yards and the adjacent territory to the kindergarten were heavily littered (tin cans were lying on the ground, plastic bags and paper).
2. With the help of slides prepared by teachers, we became acquainted with the types of household waste.
3. In practice, we tracked what kind of garbage accumulates the most in children’s homes and kindergartens.
4. We learned about methods of waste disposal and the concept of “garbage sorting.”
5. Garbage can also have a “second life”.

Research methods:

1. Studying literature on the topic of the project (“Encyclopedia Pochemuchki”, “Garbage Fantasy” by V. A. Usachev).
2. Visual research method.
3. Filling out the table “Garbage accumulation at home/in a group during the week.”

Start of research:

After the children found garbage on their playground, they suggested that teenagers had scattered the garbage. To the question: “Why?” the answer was given: "They are uncultured and too lazy to clean up after themselves." The next morning we went outside the kindergarten and saw large number garbage around (plastic bags, tin cans, glass and plastic bottles, a lot of paper). What can we do to reduce litter on playgrounds? You need to collect the garbage and throw it in the trash container!

It turned out that the problem of garbage is very important for our city! We decided to study it. The teachers prepared slides so that children could understand what kind of garbage there is and how long it can lie in the ground before it completely decomposes: a plastic bottle is more than 100 years old, a tin and tin can is more than 10 years old, glass bottle- more than 1000 years, paper - 1 year, food waste- 1 month.

During the week, we made sure that the garbage needed to be sorted (in order to be easier to recycle). We drew conclusions: paper, plastic and food waste accumulate the most.

Yulia Sh.’s family is also involved separate collection garbage.

We decided to game form try to properly sort the garbage (glass, plastic, paper). We did it!

After the garbage is sorted, it is sent for recycling and it turns out that you can give old things a “new life”!

From old paper and newspapers - new albums and notebooks are made at the plant.

Plastic bottles are used to decorate children's playgrounds and make beautiful souvenirs.

From iron cans - airplane parts and new kitchen utensils.

Practical part:

Over time, some things become unnecessary; the only way to get rid of them is to throw them away. But we learn that we can give a “second life”: make gifts, toys, home decoration.

A creative workshop has opened in our group - “The Miraculous Transformation of Garbage.” Our crafts:

1. Beautiful asters made of wire and plastic cups.

1. From plastic egg packaging: funny caterpillars and a spring bouquet.

1. Using plasticine, we made an entire barnyard out of Kinder egg packaging.
2. Plastic spoons + plasticine and gouache = wonderful ladybugs.

Conclusion. If we want to live in a clean city, we must not litter! Pick up trash after yourself! And we have the power to give things a “second life”!