Aggression and sex. Sexual inferiority and aggressiveness

Being drunk is always accompanied by the risk of aggression. This phenomenon is associated with the special effect of alcohol that destroys the human psyche.

After drinking alcohol, a person completely loses the ability to control his reaction to the events and people around him, which means he cannot behave adequately. This practically insane state is accompanied by changes in self-esteem, all kinds of mental pathologies and serious dysfunctions of the central nervous system as a result of intoxication of the body. and aggression are inextricably linked.

Alcohol and family

The most noticeable effect of alcohol, and as a result, aggression when drunkenness, in the family. Scientific research in this area has shown that in almost half of families, acts of physical violence are committed at a time when one of the spouses or both of them are in a state of drinking. Children in such dysfunctional families suffer daily from inappropriate behavior and aggression from parents or other drinking relatives.

Why is this happening?

Scientists who conducted relevant studies found the following: alcohol causes attacks of aggression because it directly affects the human psyche. Scientists characterize changes in people's behavior as unrestrained, frantic, and unstable in nature.

Violations associated with negative behavior have characteristic dynamics. At first, when intoxicated, a person feels euphoria, lightness and a change in mood in a more positive direction, which gradually, and in some cases quite sharply, changes - the person becomes irritable and angry. This is accompanied by actions that are dangerous for others, including the family and friends of the alcoholic.

Some experts attribute a drunkard’s aggression to the real negative situation that has developed around him, which can provoke him faster in a state of intoxication than in a sober state. This could be a real threat, a reason for jealousy, or a long-standing resentment.

Other studies show that the degree of aggression during intoxication also depends on the patient’s initial data. The list of these criteria includes a naturally dangerous and aggressive character, possible previous head injuries, and mental pathologies that do not show their influence in ordinary life situations. All this can lead an alcoholic to altered, antisocial states during intoxication. This can provoke excessively impulsive behavior on his part, conflict, violence and a threat to society.

The connection between the onset of addiction and aggression

There is a relationship between the tendency to aggressive behavior and dynamics. Already, there is a reduction in the stage of euphoria when drinking alcohol. But rudeness and irritability in communication, pickiness towards other people and aggression are much more clearly manifested after taking even a small dose of alcohol. Cruelty towards other people in most cases manifests itself at the third stage of alcoholism, but it happens that even at the second stage the alcoholic is already dangerous for loved ones. This makes his treatment very difficult and is fraught with a lot of mental problems.

There are times when, even after stopping drinking and deciding to treat his illness, the alcoholic still shows aggression. This happens due to withdrawal syndrome, which also negatively affects the psyche. Conflict behavior and constant irritability in this case are caused by a pathological desire to drink an alcoholic drink. The patient becomes gloomy, tense, he is always dissatisfied with something and is constantly grumpy, sometimes the depressed state turns into attacks of open hostility.

Aggression and antisocial behavior during alcohol intoxication are a consequence of psychopathy, which develops due to the effect of ethyl alcohol on the central nervous system. By destroying it, ethyl alcohol provokes aggressive conditions, sometimes reaching extremely dangerous stages.

Even in a person who is not noticeably conflict-prone in ordinary life situations, the effects of alcohol can cause significant character changes in a negative direction, which only get worse in the absence of proper treatment. If a person, even under normal circumstances, is not distinguished by a meek and calm disposition, then under the influence of ethyl alcohol he can become dangerously aggressive. The first noticeable signs of a mental disorder are pathological beliefs, the manifestation of base desires, a cynical attitude towards any situation and a lack of ethical principles.

The logical conclusion of the development of alcohol dependence is complete degradation, both mental and social. This is also accompanied by criminal, antisocial behavior, since excess alcohol and aggression constantly accompany these people. As a result, it is observed complete absence social adaptation- V interpersonal communication they become unbalanced and provoke conflicts too often. This entails a decline in professional level and a complete decline in social status, not to mention reputation and good name. If even after this the person does not come to a decision about the need for treatment, as alcoholism progresses over several years, irreparable changes occur in the body, leading to death.

What to do if a loved one shows aggression?

Dealing with a person who is aggressive and intoxicated puts those close to them at great risk every day. Everyone solves this problem in their own way: someone tries to get away from the threat by leaving home, taking their children with them; someone is trying to find an approach to the aggressor to stop the scandal; some involve law enforcement agencies to protect their family from danger.

Everyone who is faced with this terrible problem has one thing in common - the desire to find an answer to the question of how to remove alcohol addiction from a loved one, how to treat him in order to return him to a healthy, full-fledged and happy life in family and society. But how to do this and where to start?

Addiction to alcohol with all its aggravating consequences is a terrible, constantly progressing disease, which is akin to drug addiction. Just like a drug addict, an alcoholic experiences a pathological craving for the object of his addiction - alcoholic drinks, he longs to experience intoxication again, and the withdrawal syndrome of a person who does not drink alcohol at will resembles drug withdrawal. At the same time, an alcoholic does not always understand why he should give up alcohol, sincerely believing that he is able to stop drinking at any time of his own free will. In this case, it is useless to wage any fight against the problem if the patient himself does not want to stop drinking and recover physically and mentally. On the contrary, attempts by relatives to influence him, persuade him, convince him or force him to give up drinking strong drinks may be met negatively and provoke a new scandal.

For this reason, it is necessary to conduct any conversations about treatment only at a time when the person is absolutely sober and can adequately analyze the current situation. You may have to wait quite a long time for such a day, but only in this case can you hope for a positive result. Intervention helps in many cases professional psychologist, which will help the patient come to the conclusion that there is a serious problem facing him, which threatens big troubles in later life. Relatives of an aggressively behaving alcoholic should not take any action without first consulting a specialist.

Treatment and later life

When a person addicted to alcohol makes a decision about the need for treatment, all that remains is to decide on the method and begin the fight for a healthy life. sober life, full of joy, love and new achievements. The choice of ways to get rid of addiction to alcohol these days is very wide, and a competent specialist will definitely select the best option, taking into account the patient’s health condition, experience of drinking alcohol, degree of dependence and other characteristics. Modern treatment methods return the patient to normal life after just 1-2 sessions, ensuring that addiction will not manifest itself for many years, and sometimes throughout life.

Of course, the loved ones of a person who has stopped drinking will have to change their lives upon completion of his treatment, because a lot depends on them, but the main thing is the desire of the patient himself to be needed by his family, friends, and work team. If such a desire is present, everything will definitely work out and alcohol addiction will forever remain a thing of the past.

Thank you for your feedback

Comments

Megan92 () 2 weeks ago

Has anyone succeeded in ridding their husband of alcoholism? My drink never stops, I don’t know what to do anymore ((I was thinking about getting a divorce, but I don’t want to leave the child without a father, and I feel sorry for my husband, he’s a great person when he doesn’t drink

Daria () 2 weeks ago

I have already tried so many things, and only after reading this article, I was able to wean my husband off alcohol; now he doesn’t drink at all, even on holidays.

Megan92 () 13 days ago

Daria () 12 days ago

Megan92, that’s what I wrote in my first comment) I’ll duplicate it just in case - link to article.

Sonya 10 days ago

Isn't this a scam? Why do they sell on the Internet?

Yulek26 (Tver) 10 days ago

Sonya, what country do you live in? They sell it on the Internet because stores and pharmacies charge outrageous markups. In addition, payment is only after receipt, that is, they first looked, checked and only then paid. And now they sell everything on the Internet - from clothes to TVs and furniture.

Editor's response 10 days ago

Sonya, hello. This drug for the treatment of alcohol dependence is actually not sold through pharmacy chain and retail stores to avoid overpricing. Currently you can only order from official website. Be healthy!

Sonya 10 days ago

I apologize, I didn’t notice the information about cash on delivery at first. Then everything is fine if payment is made upon receipt.

Margo (Ulyanovsk) 8 days ago

Has anyone tried traditional methods to get rid of alcoholism? My father drinks, I can’t influence him in any way ((

Andrey () A week ago

Which ones folk remedies I haven’t tried it, my father-in-law still drinks

This in itself is unpleasant, not only for those around them who are suddenly plunged into negativity, but also for the aggressors themselves. In fact, among the latter there are not so many clinical scoundrels who derive pleasure from splashing out violent emotions on other people or objects. Normal people are also capable of such outbursts, but they then experience remorse, try to make amends for their guilt and at least try to control themselves. Aggression is especially destructive in men; the reasons may turn out to be so far-fetched and strange that the presence of a problem becomes obvious to all participants in the situation.

Types and types of male aggression

It is worth immediately noting that negative emotions splashing out are not exclusively a male prerogative. Women are just as capable of being aggressors; they do not monitor their actions and words. The paradox is that male aggression is partly considered socially acceptable. Of course, extreme manifestations are condemned, but at the same time there are many justifications for such a phenomenon as aggression in men. The reasons can be very diverse - from competition to health conditions.

There are two main types of aggression that are easily defined even by non-specialists:

verbal, when negativity is expressed in shouting or openly negative language;
physical, when there are beatings, destruction, attempted murder.

With auto-aggression, negativity is directed at oneself and manifests itself in all sorts of destructive actions. The motto of this type of aggression is: “Let it be worse for me.”

Psychologists classify what we are considering into several types according to the following criteria: method of manifestation, direction, causes, degrees of expression. Self-diagnosis in this case is practically impossible, since in most cases the aggressor seeks self-justification, does not see and does not want to see the problem, and successfully shifts the blame to others.

Verbal aggression

The external manifestations of this type of aggression are quite expressive. This can be a furious scream, curses and curses. They are often supplemented by gestural expression - a man can make offensive or threatening gestures, shake his fist, or swing his arms. In the animal world, males actively use this type of aggression: whoever growls loudest declares himself as the owner of the territory; outright fights come to pass much less often.

However, verbal aggression in men, the reasons for which can lie both in mental health and in social pressure, is not so harmless. It destroys the psyche of those who are forced to live nearby. Children get used to an abnormal pattern of communication and absorb the pattern of their father’s behavior as the norm.

Physical aggression

An extreme form of aggressive behavior, when a person moves from shouting and threats to active physical actions. Now this is not just a threatening fist swing, but a blow. A man is capable of causing serious injuries even to those closest to him, breaking or breaking personal belongings. Man behaves like Godzilla and destruction becomes his main goal. It can be either a short explosion, literally just one blow, or a long-term nightmare, which is why aggression in men is considered the most dangerous. The reasons given are varied - from “she provoked me” to “I’m a man, I can’t be made angry.”

When wondering how permissible this is, it is best to take the Criminal Code as a guide. It is written there in black and white that infliction of bodily harm of varying degrees of severity, attempted murder and intentional damage to personal property are all crimes.

Features of unmotivated male aggression

We can conditionally divide manifestations of rage into motivated and unmotivated. It is possible to understand and partially justify aggression shown in a state of passion. This is often called "righteous anger." If someone offends this man’s loved ones, encroaches on their life and health, then an aggressive response is at least understandable.

The problem is such attacks of aggression in men, the causes of which cannot be calculated at first glance. What came over him? I was just a normal person, and suddenly they changed me! Witnesses of sudden, unmotivated rage that erupts in any form, verbal or physical, respond something like this. In fact, any action has a reason, explanation or motive, they just don’t always lie on the surface.

Reasons or excuses?

Where is the line between reasons and justifications? An example is the phenomenon of aggression between men and women. The reasons are often the most common attempts to justify oneself, to shift the blame onto the victim: “Why did she stay late after work? She’s probably cheating, she needs to be shown a place!”, “I didn’t have time to serve dinner, I need to teach a lesson” or “Allows herself to show dissatisfaction, provokes aggression."

Behind such behavior there can be either personal hatred towards a particular person or banal misogyny. If a man seriously considers women to be second-class citizens, then is it any wonder that he receives malicious attacks against them?

However, outbursts of aggression may not occur because the man is simply an evil type. In addition to far-fetched excuses, there are also those based on serious factors that can be identified and eliminated.

Hormonal background

A significant proportion of aggressive manifestations are due to hormonal imbalance. Our emotions are largely determined by the ratio of the main hormones; a deficiency or excess can lead not only to violent outbursts, but also to severe depression, a pathological absence of emotions and severe psychiatric problems.

Testosterone is traditionally considered a hormone not only of sexual desire, but also of aggression. Those who are especially harsh are often referred to as “testosterone males.” Chronic deficiency leads to increased dissatisfaction and makes a person predisposed to negative manifestations. Outbursts of aggression in men, the causes of which lie precisely in hormonal imbalance, must be treated. To do this, tests are taken to measure hormone levels, and the disease that led to the disorders is identified. Symptomatic treatment in this case brings only partial relief and cannot be considered complete.

Midlife crisis

If such cases have not been observed before, then sudden aggression in a 35-year-old man can most often be associated with the age of maximalism being left behind, and the man begins to weigh whether everything is really decisions made were correct, was it not a mistake. Literally everything comes into question: is this the right family, is this the right woman, is this the right direction in one’s career? Or maybe it was worth going to another institute and then marrying someone else, or not marrying at all?

Doubts and hesitations, an acute sense of missed opportunities - all this weakens the nervous system, reduces the level of tolerance and sociability. It begins to seem that there is still time to change everything in one jerk. Everyone around seems to have conspired and does not understand this emotional impulse. Well, they can be put in their place by force, since they do not understand good. Fortunately, the midlife crisis passes sooner or later. The main thing is to remember that periods of despondency are normal, but this is not a reason to ruin your life.

Retirement depression

Second round age crisis catches up with men after retirement. Women most often endure this period easier - a significant part of everyday worries remains with them. But men who are accustomed to their profession as a central part of their life’s plot begin to feel unnecessary and abandoned. Life stopped, the respect of others turned off along with receiving a pension certificate.

Aggression in men over 50 years of age is closely related to attempts to shift responsibility for a failed life onto others. At the same time, objectively, the man who suddenly caught the demon in the rib is all right, but there is a certain dissatisfaction. At the same time, all sorts of health problems, overwork, lack of sleep can be added - all these factors aggravate the situation. Aggressive attacks begin to seem like a natural reaction to everything that happens.

Psychiatry or psychology?

Who should I go to for help - a psychologist or straight to a psychiatrist? Many men are afraid of their aggressive impulses, fearing, not without reason, that they will do something irreparable. And it is very good that they are able to relatively soberly assess their actions and seek help from professionals. Who deals with such a phenomenon as aggression in men? The causes and treatment are in the department of the psychiatrist exactly until he confirms that according to his profile the patient does not have any problems. This is exactly what the correct approach to treatment with such a specialist consists of: you can safely make an appointment without fear that you will be labeled “crazy.” A psychiatrist is first and foremost a doctor, and he first checks whether the patient’s psyche is affected by some completely physical factors: hormones, old injuries, sleep disturbances. The psychiatrist can recommend a good psychologist, if the patient does not have problems that require drug treatment.

The first step to solving the problem

In many ways, the strategy for solving a problem depends on who exactly makes the decision. Aggression in a man... What should a woman do who is next to him, lives in the same house with him, and is raising children together? Yes, of course, you can fight, convince, help, but if the situation develops in such a way that you have to constantly endure assault and risk losing your life, it is better to save yourself and save the children.

The best first step for a man is to admit there is a problem. It’s worth being honest with yourself: aggression is a problem that needs to be dealt with first of all by the aggressor himself, and not by his victims.

Possible consequences of aggression and comprehensive work on oneself

We have to admit that in places of deprivation of liberty there are often prisoners who have precisely this vice - unreasonable aggression in men. Reasons require elimination, but excuses have no force or weight. It is worth pulling yourself together, but not relying only on self-control. If outbursts of rage are repeated, then the reason may lie in a hormonal imbalance. This could be overwork, depressive symptoms, as well as social pressure, an unbearable rhythm of life, age-related changes, or some chronic illnesses. Seeing a doctor is the right step to help you cope with destructive behavior. Separate reasons from excuses, this will help outline the initial plan of action, and soon life will sparkle with new colors.

What is the correct meaning of the word aggression? This term is usually understood as cruelty, a tendency to attack, an active destructive position, and destructiveness. In fact, initially aggressiveness is an innate human quality associated with the instinct of self-preservation and protection, an integral part psychological personality, a factor without which a person will not be whole.

Aggression in psychology is defined as an attack, verbal or physical, always strongly emotionally negatively colored, targeted and harsh. WITH Latin language the word itself is translated as “attack,” but it may not manifest itself explicitly: a person may not shout or get into a fight, but still be aggressive.

There are two theories of aggression: the definition of the first is a reaction to external factors. The second theory is the conscious acceptance of aggressiveness as the main form of behavior. Both theories have their place, and they are confirmed in practice.

Psychology describes various types aggression, which has a number of features and varying degrees of destructiveness. Among them:

Verbal and physical aggression.
Suppressed aggression.
Male and female aggression.
Aggression during pregnancy or after illness.
Passive and active.
Auto-aggression.
Teenage aggression.
Reactive (manifests itself as a reaction to something).
Spontaneous, unmotivated aggression.
Conscious (instrumental), aimed at achieving a specific result.
Indirect (aggression in children and adults, directed at a foreign object, as a result of accumulation).

This is a basic but incomplete list, since the types and types of aggression have been studied by many psychologists and therapists, and many specialists have created their own classifications. The manifestations and causes are very different, and if you study them in detail, you can understand how to react to aggression from another person and how to get rid of aggression in yourself. Let's consider how certain types and factors of aggression manifest themselves.

1. The main, congenital form is healthy, benign aggressiveness, which is inherent in the genes of every person. It allows a person to be persistent and firmly achieve his goal, achieve victories in sports, competitions, business and personal life, show strong-willed qualities, overcome himself, fight laziness, bad habits, compete.

Ambition, courage, the ability to defend one’s own interests - all this, oddly enough, refers to healthy human aggressiveness, and this is normal if a person knows how to demonstrate these qualities in a controlled manner, in the right doses and forms, consciously directing his actions to increase or decrease them.

2. Hidden aggression is a common phenomenon that has its own specific causes and consequences. It does not appear clearly. As a rule, the nature of aggression, suppressed and hidden, is noticeable in constant discontent, in sudden outbursts of fear or anger, in constant tension, irritation, and inability to relax.

Such a person is not able to enjoy relaxation, entertainment, and does not know how to contemplate beauty. He is characterized by distrust, suspicion, and irritability over trifles manifests itself to a large extent. Often as a result there are strong flares aggression.

3. Aggression in men has a separate definition and is considered a separate type. Manifests itself in constant dissatisfaction, rigid character, authoritarianism, and dissatisfaction.

It is impossible to please such a man, he is always tense, hot-tempered, vulnerable, extremely difficult to make contact, and not inclined to compromise. It often manifests itself in the family, with children, at work with subordinates - in a word, with those who are weaker or lower in status. Such male character brings loved ones and relatives a lot of worries and suffering.

4. The signs and definition of female aggression are somewhat different. It manifests itself in sudden and very frequent changes in mood, in causeless hysterical fits, resentment, sudden outbursts, dissatisfaction, dissatisfaction, attacks of fear, despair. Attacks of aggression in women often occur during pregnancy and occur due to hormonal changes.

5. Children's aggression is a frequent and painful phenomenon that is familiar to many parents and teachers. The level of aggression in children and adolescents varies greatly and manifests itself in different ways - from innocent pranks to rudeness, hooliganism, fights, and criminal activity. Associated with upbringing, illness, emotional environment in the home, kindergarten or school, with adolescence and hormonal changes, with a number of psycho-emotional factors.

6. Family aggression. It occurs more often in husbands, but can also occur in wives. It differs from the female and male types in that it manifests itself exclusively in communication with family members, as a reaction to communication with a partner. It looks like constant irritation, withdrawal, alienation, frequent outbursts of anger “out of the blue,” discontent.

7. Spontaneous and uncontrollable attacks of aggression - as a rule, arise as a result of passive aggression, suppression, and characteristics of upbringing. They manifest themselves as a sharp, causeless explosion of rage, hysteria, and seizures. In this state, a person can cause a scandal in a crowded place, hit someone, break objects and furniture, and harm himself and the people around him. Such attacks last from three minutes to an hour, sometimes requiring urgent medical intervention.

Each type and each manifestation of aggression has its own characteristics, its own forms of manifestation and degree of risk. With correct classification, you can understand the causes, predict the consequences and understand how to cope with aggression.

Reasons

Everything that is characteristic of a person has one or another specific origin, just as any, even the most unreasonable, at first glance, aggression always has specific reasons. And the first thing to start with introspection and the fight against destructive behavior is the search and determination of the reasons.

1. Increased aggression is often the cause of suppression in childhood, in the process of education. When natural child aggression is rudely suppressed by parents - the child is not allowed to scream or cry, expressing his own emotions, suppressing his psycho-emotional environment - this develops into a depressed state constant stress and tension, and, as a result, teenage aggression appears, and in mature age Social aggression or any other form may appear.

2. A very common reason is the presence of psychoactive substances in the body. Long-term smoking, alcohol abuse, narcotic drugs, energy drinks, and medications inevitably lead to increased irritability and aggressiveness.

3. Often the cause is stress, overwork, chronic fatigue or insufficient healing after an illness. Unfortunately, vacation in our time is considered something optional, and many people simply ignore it, believing that on a day off best vacation- this is either a feast with alcoholic drinks, or household chores. Both have nothing to do with rest - the body accumulates tension, stress, does not rest and does not “recharge”. As a result, increased aggressiveness appears.

4. Illnesses, mental disorders, post-traumatic syndrome or a stressful situation experienced. This is a fairly common cause of aggression in both adolescents and many adults.

5. Dissatisfaction with life, dissatisfaction with social, financial situation, personal sphere, self-doubt, social maladjustment. A weak and weak-willed person who does not have good support from friends and loved ones, who does not receive love in the family, necessarily accumulates aggression.

Ways to solve the problem

So, the main question is: what to do? How to deal with aggression in yourself, how to suppress and calm it, and how to deal with the aggressor if he causes suffering and pain?

The main thing that is worth understanding first of all: the concept of aggression itself does not carry any pathologies, it is a natural, innate part of the psyche of any of us, and it simply needs to be accepted, controlled and expressed in the correct forms, without accumulating or expelling on innocent others or to one’s own detriment.

Important: suppression is not a way to reduce aggression! It cannot be suppressed by force, the nature of aggression is such that it must be expressed, come out, and from forceful suppression, sooner or later crisis situations and attacks will occur.

1. The most painful phenomenon for parents is increased child aggression, especially the aggression of adolescents who become uncontrollable. How to properly deal with increased aggression in a child?

First of all, it is worth determining whether there is cause for concern, whether there really is a problem, or whether he is a normal, just emotional, vulnerable and very sensitive child. After all, it is natural for a child to sometimes cry, scream, be capricious, and generally express his inner nature emotionally.

If there really is a problem, it may be worth contacting a child psychologist, but under no circumstances should you suppress attacks with force, threats or punishment, as this will lead to deterioration and disastrous consequences in the future.

2. If severe aggression is detected in teenagers, there are a variety of recommendations for parents, the main one is to be patient. As a rule, the life of a teenager is a lot of stress, and you just need to get through it. Try to take the child’s side, support him, do not impose advice, and especially not put pressure.

Try to create an atmosphere for your teenager in which there is a minimum stressful situations, and do not provoke. Most likely, aggression in adolescence It will go away on its own, along with the “difficult age”, unless the parents themselves aggravate it.

3. How to respond to an aggressor if he does not allow you to live in peace - in your environment, at work, in a team? The main rule is not to respond in kind and not to point out incorrect behavior, not to try to “re-educate” a person, not to make him feel guilty (which, by the way, also always leads to aggressiveness).

If you are forced to work or interact with an aggressive person, try to maintain composure and not “buy” into his behavior, do not be a victim, and remain positive, calm and balanced. This way you will not change the person’s character, but he will behave differently with you over time.

If a person takes out his anger and accumulated tension on you, then you yourself have a reason for this. Perhaps you are a good victim, afraid of other people's anger and overreacting to it.

Look around: there will probably be people in your environment to whom this aggressor does not react, with whom he communicates calmly. Try to see how these people behave and adopt their behavior - this way you will certainly save yourself from the attacks of the aggressor.

4. A completely different matter is attacks of aggression in men, in the husband, in the family. The ideal option, but quite difficult, is to persuade your spouse to visit a specialist, make an appointment with a psychoanalyst who can help you solve a family problem.

General recommendations are not to provoke, irritate or point, do not show constant dissatisfaction, but try to find the reasons, analyze when and why a loved one “lights up”, and find the strength to ensure that the struggle is peaceful and crowned with success .

5. The most difficult question is how to overcome aggression in yourself. After all, introspection and work on oneself is perhaps the most difficult work, but a person who is motivated and confident in his goal will always achieve it.

The first thing you need to do is find the reasons for childhood aggression in yourself, delve into the past, and analyze your life. Don't try to suppress it, but try to find a way to get rid of it natural ways– for example, to engage in sports in which you need great endurance and strength: martial arts, athletics.

Start leading healthy image life, say goodbye to tobacco, alcohol and any bad habits, move a lot and most importantly - rest well. These methods will have excellent results. Yoga, meditation, and relaxation techniques also provide excellent results.

If the aggressiveness does not go away or manifests itself in the form of serious attacks, it is necessary to contact a specialist and be sure to undergo proper testing and full course treatment.

The psychologist will conduct a diagnostic test for the level of aggression, analyze the diagnosis, understand the causes and select the appropriate treatment that will help cope with the problem.

To fight something that prevents you from living fully and happily, you need to understand it well, study it, and understand it. Having understood what passive aggression is, where increased aggressiveness in children and adolescents comes from, what are the causes of depression and anger, you can independently put your mental state in order, achieve balance and harmony in your life. inner world. Author: Vasilina Serova

In men's circles, women's irritability during pregnancy is legendary. Many cannot understand why, in such a happy period of life, even the sweetest and most good-natured girls sometimes turn into evil shrews, capable of shouting, getting offended over trifles and sorting things out in a raised voice? It turns out that even the most mysterious manifestations of our psychology have simple scientific explanations.

Irritability during pregnancy - a scientific approach

Scientists are very fond of conducting various studies studying the nature of a particular psychological reaction. In their opinion, unusual irritability during pregnancy occurs for two reasons. First of all, our genetic memory is to blame. It is known that the caveman had to fight fiercely for his life almost every day, fighting either wild animals, invaders, or natural elements. During pregnancy, women become less physically resilient, so our pregnant ancestors had to be especially fierce to protect themselves and their child. Even though modern world poses less danger, our genetic memory tends to wake up from time to time, affecting mood and behavior. It is this that provokes the fact that during pregnancy women react more sharply to any, even the most minor, conflict situation.

The second reason that provokes irritability during pregnancy is early stages, according to scientists, lies in a woman’s subconscious desire to prepare her partner for future changes. It is no secret that a woman begins to feel like a mother almost from the first weeks of pregnancy, while a man comes to realize paternity much later. In addition to joyful emotions and happy expectations, the woman also feels all the hardships of the new situation, which manifest themselves in the form of drowsiness, poor health, etc. Subconsciously, the expectant mother strives for her partner to feel like a future dad, and it is this unconscious desire that is expressed in the form of increased aggression and irritability.

Irritability during pregnancy is a physiological reaction

Of course, in addition to studying psychological reactions, we should not forget that severe irritability during pregnancy is also a natural reaction of the nervous system to hormonal fluctuations. However, physiological changes in the body do not mean at all that throughout the entire nine months, close people of a pregnant woman will have to listen to grievances and comments, and she to the expectant mother- reproach yourself for your incontinence. Aggression and irritability during pregnancy can and should be fought.

First, you need to understand whether there are any additional factors that worsen your mood. Often this factor becomes a banal sensitivity to some aroma that causes an attack of nausea.
Secondly, increased aggressiveness can be a consequence of overwork and stress. Therefore, during pregnancy it is important to take care not only of physical, but also of psychological well-being, allowing yourself to rest and forget about problems.
And thirdly, in a good way Getting rid of increased aggressiveness during pregnancy can include new hobbies, communication with pleasant people and active motherhood.

Facts of violence in which harm is caused to specific individuals are called aggression. Every day a person either personally or hears from others about how they have been treated poorly.

If we talk about the moral side this issue, then aggressive behavior is considered bad, evil, unacceptable. But why does a person allow himself to get angry and hurt himself or others?

What is Aggression?

What is aggression? There are many opinions about what aggression is. Some say that aggression is an instinctive reaction and manifestation of a person. Others argue that aggression is caused by frustration - the desire to discharge. Still others point out that aggression is a social phenomenon when a person learns it from others or is influenced by negative past experiences.

In psychology, aggression is understood as destructive behavior in which a person causes physical harm or creates psychological discomfort to other people. Psychiatry views aggression as a person’s desire to protect himself from an unpleasant and traumatic situation. Aggression is also understood as a way of self-affirmation.

Aggressive behavior is considered to be directed towards a living object. However, the psychological help website claims that smashing dishes or walls can soon develop into violence against living beings. Aggression is often equated with rage, anger or anger. However, an aggressive person does not always experience emotions. There are cold-blooded people who become aggressive under the influence of their prejudices, beliefs or views.

What reasons push a person to such behavior? Anger can be directed both at other people and at oneself. The reasons may be different, as well as the forms of manifestation of aggression. Each case is individual. Psychologists note something else: it is important to be able to cope with one’s own aggression, which manifests itself in every person. If someone needs help, they can get it. This is what the psychological help site does, a site where a person can not only read useful information, but also work out his negative aspects, which often interfere with building favorable relations with others.

Display of aggression

Aggression manifests itself in different ways. Depending on the goal that is achieved by aggressive actions and the methods of the actions committed, aggression can be benign and malignant:

Benign aggression refers to courage, courage, ambition, perseverance, and bravery.
Malignant aggression refers to violence, rudeness, and cruelty.

Every living creature is aggressive. Every organism contains genes that allow it to show aggression for the sake of survival, to save itself from death. Thus, there is defensive aggression, which occurs at the moment of danger. All living beings have it. When a living organism is in danger, it becomes decisive, runs away, attacks, and defends itself.

In contrast to this aggression, there is a destructive one, which is inherent only to humans. It has no meaning or purpose. It arises only on the basis of the emotions, feelings, thoughts of a person who simply did not like something.

There is another manifestation of aggression – pseudo-aggression. It occurs in situations where a person must make every effort to achieve a goal. For example, during competition, athletes become aggressive to give themselves energy and motivation.

A special manifestation of aggression, which is inherent in all living beings, is the desire to survive. When there is not enough food, there is no intimacy, there is no protection, then the body becomes aggressive. Everything is aimed at survival, which often involves infringement of the boundaries and freedom of other living beings.

Anyone can become aggressive. Often the strong provoke the weak, who then also look for more weak personalities to take it out on them. There is no defense against aggression. In everyone it manifests itself as a reaction to an external stimulus. Both the one who caused it and the one who simply came into contact can become a victim of aggression.

The manifestation of aggression is an expression of dissatisfaction and dissatisfaction. It can be either open, when a person knocks on the table or constantly nags, or hidden - periodic nagging.

Types of aggression

As we consider aggression, we can distinguish its types:

Physical, when force is used and specific harm is caused to the body.
Indirect, when irritation is expressed towards another person.
Resistance to established laws and morals.
Verbal, when a person verbally shows aggression: screams, threatens, blackmails, etc.
Envy, hatred, resentment for unfulfilled dreams.
Suspicion, which manifests itself in distrust of persons when it seems that they are planning something bad.
Feelings of guilt that arise from the thought that a person is bad.
Direct – spreading gossip.
Directed (there is a goal) and disordered (random passers-by become victims).
Active or passive (“putting spokes in the wheels”).
Auto-aggression is hatred towards oneself.
Heteroaggression – anger is directed towards others: violence, threats, murder, etc.
Instrumental, when aggression is used as a method of achieving a goal.
Reactive, when it manifests itself as a reaction to some external stimulus.
Spontaneous, when it manifests itself without good reason. Often occurs as a consequence of internal phenomena, for example, mental illness.
Motivational (targeted), which is done consciously for the purpose of intentionally causing damage and pain.
Expressive when it manifests itself in facial expressions, gestures, and a person’s voice. His words and actions do not express aggression, but his body position and tone of voice indicate otherwise.

It's human nature to get angry. And the most important question that worries everyone who has become a victim of someone else’s aggression is why they yelled at him, beat him up, etc.? Everyone is concerned about the reasons for aggressive behavior, especially if the aggressor has not explained anything. And how different aggression can be has already been discussed.

Causes of aggression

There are many reasons for aggressive behavior. Aggression can be different and happens in different situations, so you often need to look at the complex of everything that happens in order to understand the motives of a person’s actions.

Substance abuse (alcohol, drugs, etc.). Under the influence of drugs, a person cannot adequately respond to a specific situation.
Personal problems that are associated with dissatisfaction in personal relationships, intimacy, loneliness, etc. Any mention of this problem causes a negative reaction.
Mental traumas of childhood. Developed neurosis against the background of dysfunctional relationships with parents.
Authoritarian and strict education that develops internal aggression.
Watching films and programs where the topic of violence is actively discussed.
Inadequate rest, overwork.

Aggression may be a symptom of a serious illness that is often associated with damage to the brain:

Schizophrenia.
Encephalitis.
Neurasthenia.
Meningitis.
Epileptoid psychopathy, etc.

Public influence should not be excluded. Religious movements, propaganda, racial hatred, morality, images of politicians or strong personalities who are aggressive develop a similar quality in observers.

Often people who cause harm refer to a bad mood or even a mental disorder. In fact, only 12% of all aggressive people are mentally ill. Other individuals show their negative emotions as a result of an incorrect reaction to what is happening, as well as a lack of self-control.

Aggression is noted as a person’s dissatisfaction with life in general or a specific case in particular. Accordingly, the main reason is dissatisfaction, which a person does not eliminate through favorable actions.

Verbal aggression

Almost everyone has encountered this form of aggression. Verbal aggression is the most common and obvious. Firstly, the tone of the speaker’s voice changes: he starts shouting, raises his voice, makes it ruder. Secondly, the context of what is being said changes.

Psychologists have noted many forms of verbal aggression. The person in everyday life encounters the following manifestations:

Insults, threats, blackmail.
Slander, spreading gossip.
Silence in response to a person’s questions, refusal to communicate, ignoring cues.
Refusing to defend another person who is being criticized.

The question still remains whether silence is a way of aggression. There is no clear answer here. It all depends on the reasons for the silence of the person who performs this action. If silence occurs with accompanying aggressive emotions, anger, and reluctance to speak because it can be rude, then we are talking about verbal aggression of a passive nature. However, if a person is silent because he did not hear or is not interested in the topic of the conversation, therefore he wants to transfer it to another topic, remains calm and in a friendly mood, then there is no question of any aggression.

Due to the social system and morality, which punishes anyone who shows physical aggression, people are forced to use the only way to express it - words. Open aggression is expressed in specific threats, insults and humiliation of the personality of another. Hidden aggression manifests itself through persecution and pressure on a person, for example, by spreading gossip. Although these types of verbal aggression are unacceptable, a person is not deprived of freedom for them. That's why people keep using this type as a way of communicating with those with whom they are dissatisfied.

Speech aggression

Let us dwell directly on the verbal form of manifestation of aggression, which is the most common in society. Speech aggression manifests itself in curses, negative assessments (criticism), offensive words, obscene speech, mocking intonation, crude irony, indecent allusions, and a raised voice.

What the aggressor does causes irritation and indignation. Aggression of both the first and second interlocutor arises on the basis of negative emotions that arise immediately or after some time. Some people immediately say what outrages them, others only after a while begin to show their aggression in various ways towards those who humiliated or insulted them.

Often, verbal aggression is a consequence of a person’s hostility towards a certain group of people. For example, low social status can provoke an individual’s hostile attitude towards those with whom he communicates. Such a confrontation is possible both in an ascending hierarchy and in a descending one. For example, hidden aggression is often manifested by subordinates towards the boss and by the boss towards subordinates. Subordinates often feel jealous of the leadership's high position, as well as its commanding tone. A boss may hate his subordinates because he considers them stupid, weak, inferior creatures.

Rarely, the causes of speech aggression are upbringing, mental characteristics, or a breakdown.

Undoubtedly, society is considering the issue not only of extinguishing negative emotions yourself when they arise, but also to prevent conflicts with people who show anger. It should be understood that sometimes aggression is acceptable because it helps achieve certain goals, such as suppressing the enemy. However, this method should not be used as a universal one.

Approaches to aggression

Scientists from various fields of science are considering approaches to aggression. For each representative it means something different. The normative approach perceives aggression as destructive behavior that does not correspond to the moral and ethical standards of society. The criminal approach also considers aggression as an act of unlawful behavior that is aimed at causing physical and moral harm to a living object.

The depth psychological approach perceives aggressive behavior as instinctive, inherent in all living beings.
The goal-directed approach perceives aggression as a goal-directed action. From the point of view of achieving goals, evolution, adaptation, appropriation of important resources, dominance.
Schwab and Koeroglow view aggressive behavior as a person's desire to establish the integrity of his life. When it is violated, a person becomes aggressive.
Kaufma views aggression as a way of acquiring resources necessary for life, which is dictated by the natural need for survival.
Erich Fromm viewed aggressive behavior as a desire to dominate and dominate living beings.
Wilson characterized the aggressive nature of a person as the desire to eliminate the actions of another subject who, by his actions, infringes on his freedom or genetic survival.
Matsumoto noted aggression as an act that causes pain and physical or mental harm to another individual.
Shcherbina characterized verbal aggression as a verbal manifestation of feelings, intentions and desires towards another person.
Cognitive theory considers aggression as a way of learning to contact a person with external factors.
Other theories combine the above concepts to understand the nature of aggressive behavior.

Forms of aggression

Erich Fromm identified the following forms of aggression:

Reactive. When a person realizes that his freedom, life, dignity or property is in danger, he becomes aggressive. Here he can defend himself, take revenge, be jealous, envy, be disappointed, etc.
Archaic bloodlust.
Gaming. Sometimes a person just wants to show his dexterity and skills. It is at this moment that he can resort to malicious jokes, mockery, and sarcasm. There is no hatred or anger here. A person is simply playing at something that may irritate his interlocutor.
Compensatory (malignant). It is a manifestation of destructiveness, violence, cruelty, which helps a person make his life full, not boring, fulfilling.

A person who becomes aggressive has the following characteristics:

Sensitivity, vulnerability, acute experience of discomfort.
Impulsiveness.
Absent-mindedness, which leads to emotional aggressiveness, and thoughtfulness, which provokes instrumental aggressiveness.
Hostile interpretation of what is happening.

A person is not able to completely get rid of his aggression, because sometimes it is useful and necessary. It is here that he allows himself to show his nature. Only a person who knows how to control his emotions (without suppressing them) is able to live fully. Aggression only rarely becomes constructive compared to those episodes when it is used in full force.

Teenage aggression

Quite often, psychologists note aggression in childhood. It becomes very bright during adolescence. It is this stage that becomes the most emotional. Teenage aggression can manifest itself towards anyone: peers, parents, animals, younger children. A common cause of aggression is self-affirmation. Showing strength in an aggressive manner seems to be a sign of greatness and power.

Adolescent aggression is a deliberate action aimed at causing harm. Remaining frequent are cases where three parties are involved:

The aggressor is a teenager himself.
The victim is the person at whom the teenager’s aggression is directed.
Spectators are people who can become bystanders or provocateurs that cause aggression in a teenager. They do not participate in the process of manifestation of aggression, but only observe what the aggressor and his victim do.

Teenagers of different genders show aggression in the following ways:

The boys tease, trip, fight, and kick.
Girls boycott, gossip, and get offended.

The location and age of the aggressor does not matter, since this emotion manifests itself at any time from an early age.

Psychologists explain teenage aggression by the changes that occur during puberty. Former child who has not yet become an adult, is afraid of the future, is not ready for responsibility and independence, and does not know how to control his emotional experiences. Relationships with parents, as well as the influence of the media, play a significant role here.

Here are the following types of aggressive teenagers:

Hyperactive, who grew up in a family where everything was allowed to him.
Touchy, characterized by vulnerability and irritability.
Oppositional defiant, who demonstratively opposes people whom he does not consider his authority.
Aggressive-fearful, in which fears and suspicion are manifested.
Aggressively insensitive, who does not have sympathy or empathy.

Male aggression

Men are often the benchmarks of aggression. It seems that women should not be as aggressive as men. However, this feeling is common to everyone. Male aggression often manifests itself in open form. At the same time, the stronger sex does not experience feelings of guilt and anxiety. For them, this emotion is a kind of companion that helps them achieve goals and form a special model of behavior.

Scientists have put forward a theory that male aggression is a genetic factor. In all centuries, men had to conquer territories and lands, wage wars, protect their families, etc. At the same time, representatives of the weaker sex note this quality, which manifests itself in dominance and leadership, as attractive to them.

A modern man has many reasons why aggression manifests itself in him:

Dissatisfaction with one's social and financial situation.
Lack of culture of behavior.
Lack of self-confidence.
Lack of other forms of manifestation of one’s independence and strength.

In the current situation, when a man is required to be financially wealthy and successful, while there are practically no opportunities to achieve these statuses, the stronger sex has a high level of anxiety. Every time society reminds a man in various ways of how untenable he is. This is often reinforced by an unsettled personal life or lack of sexual relationships with women.

Men are trained to keep their experiences to themselves. However, aggression comes out, which is a consequence of unsettled life. It is difficult for a man to use all his capabilities in a world where he should be cultured and friendly, since anger and rage are often punished.

Women's aggression

Aggression is often associated with masculine behavior. However, women are also prone to dissatisfaction, which simply manifests itself in slightly different forms. Being a weaker creature than a man, a woman tries to express her aggression a little softly. If the victim seems strong or equal in strength, then the woman's aggression is moderate. If we are talking about a child at whom aggression is directed, then the woman may not restrain herself.

Being a more emotional and social creature, a woman is prone to displaying soft or hidden aggression. Women become more aggressive in old age. Psychologists associate this with dementia and deterioration of character in negative side. At the same time, a woman’s satisfaction with her own life remains important. If she is dissatisfied, unhappy, then her internal tension increases.

Often a woman’s aggressiveness is associated with internal tension and emotional outbursts. The woman is not less than a man subject to various restrictions and obligations. She must start a family and give birth to children, always be beautiful and kind. If a woman does not have good reasons for kindness, a man for starting a family and having children, or physiological data for achieving beauty, this significantly depresses her.

The cause of female aggression is often:

Hormonal imbalance.
Mental disorders.
Childhood trauma, hostility towards mother.
Negative experiences with contacts with the opposite sex.

A woman is made dependent on a man from childhood. She must be “married.” And when relationships with the opposite sex do not work out, which is common in modern society, this causes internal tension and dissatisfaction.

Aggression in older people

The most unpleasant and sometimes incomprehensible phenomenon is aggression in older people. Children are raised to “respect their elders” because they are smarter and wiser. Their knowledge helps the world become a better place. However, older people are practically no different from their younger counterparts. Aggression by older people becomes a weak quality that does not inspire respect.

The reason for the aggressiveness of older people is a change in life as a result of social degradation. When a person retires, he loses his previous activity. Here memory decreases, health deteriorates, and the meaning of life is lost. An elderly person feels forgotten, unwanted, lonely. If this is supported by a poor existence and lack of interests and hobbies, then old man either becomes depressed or becomes aggressive.

We can call aggression by older people a way of communicating with others, a method of attracting attention to themselves. Here are the following forms of aggression:

Grumpiness.
Irritability.
Opposition to everything new.
Protest attitude.
Groundless accusations and insults.
High propensity for conflicts.

The main problem of older people is loneliness, especially after the death of one of the spouses. If children do not pay much attention to the elderly person, then he feels acute loneliness.

Degeneration or infection of brain cells also affects behavior changes at any age. Since these phenomena mostly occur in old age, doctors first rule out brain diseases as the cause of aggression.

Husband's aggression

In love relationships, the most discussed topic is the aggressiveness of husbands. Because women express their despotism differently, flamboyant displays of male aggression become commonplace. The causes of conflicts and quarrels in the family are:

Unequal distribution of responsibilities.
Dissatisfaction with intimate relationships.
Different understandings of the rights and responsibilities of spouses.
Not meeting your needs in relationships.
Unequal contribution of both parties to the relationship.
Lack of significance and value of a person as a partner.
Financial problems.
Inability to solve all emerging problems, their accumulation and periodic disputes because of them.

Many problems can cause aggression in a husband, but the most important are social status, financial wealth and sexual satisfaction. If a man is not satisfied in all plans, then he habitually looks for someone to blame - his wife. She is not sexy enough to want, does not inspire him to make money, does not become his support, etc.

A dissatisfied and insecure man begins to find fault, quarrel, point, and command a woman. In this way he tries to normalize his inferior life. If we analyze the situation, it turns out that aggression in husbands arises on the basis of their complexes and inadequacy, and not because of their wives.

The mistake women with aggressive husbands make is that they try to improve the relationship. It is the husbands who must correct the situation, not the women. Here wives make the following mistakes:

They talk about their hopes and fears, which further convinces their husbands that they are weak.
They share their plans, which gives their husbands another reason to criticize them.
They share their successes, expecting their husbands to rejoice at them.
Trying to find general topics for conversations, but are faced with silence and coldness.

Treatment of aggression

The treatment of aggression does not mean medicinal elimination of the problem, but psychological one. Only in rare cases are tranquilizers and antidepressants used, which can calm the nervous system. However, a person will never completely get rid of aggressive behavior. Therefore, the treatment of aggression means developing skills to control it and understand the current situation.

If aggression is directed at you, you must understand that you are not obliged to tolerate attacks. Even if we are talking about your husband/wife or children, you still remain a person who has the right to be treated with kindness and care. The situation becomes especially painful when it comes to aggressive behavior of parents towards children. This is a situation in which the victim is almost never able to resist the pressure.

No one is obliged to endure other people's attacks. Therefore, if you become the object of someone’s aggression, you can safely fight back by any means. If you yourself are an aggressor, then this problem is yours personally. Here it is necessary to carry out exercises to eliminate one’s own aggressiveness.

Firstly, the causes of the aggression should be recognized. Nothing happens for nothing. Even mentally ill people have reasons to be aggressive. What moment was the trigger that made you feel angry? After realizing the cause of your negative emotions, you should take steps to change your attitude towards the situation.

The second point is that the reason must be devalued or eliminated. If you need to change your personal attitude towards a situation, then you should do it; If you need to solve a problem (for example, eliminate dissatisfaction), then you should make an effort and be patient.

You should not fight your own aggression, but understand the reasons for its occurrence, since eliminating these reasons allows you to cope with any negative emotions.

Forecast

The result of any emotion is a certain event that becomes decisive. Anything can be a predictor of the consequences of aggression:

Losing connections with good people.
Divorce or separation from a loved one.
Dismissal from work.
Unsettled life.
Lack of support from important people.
Lack of understanding.
Loneliness, etc.

In some cases, the question even arises about the life expectancy of the person who enters into conflict. When physical violence occurs in the family or in the company of hooligans, it can result in death.

If a person does not try to control his aggressive impulses, he will face various negative consequences. His environment will consist only of people who should not be trusted. Only an aggressive person can be close to the same aggressor.

The consequences of controlling one's own aggression can be successful. Firstly, a person will not spoil relationships with those who are dear to him. I really want to throw out my emotions and show my character. However, if you understand what the consequences may be, it is better to prevent an undesirable outcome.

Secondly, a person can channel aggression into a constructive direction. You cannot get rid of this emotion, but you can subjugate it. For example, aggression is good when a person is dissatisfied with an unachieved goal. In this case, he wants to make every effort to realize his plans.

If a person cannot cope with his aggression on his own, then he should consult a psychologist. He will help you find the right answers to your questions, as well as develop a behavior strategy that will help you pacify aggression and take the right actions in the right situations.