Familiarization with nature senior group April. Introduction to the natural world (senior group)

MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

“GENERAL DEVELOPMENTAL KINDERGARTEN No. 9 “FIREBIRD”

MUNICIPAL FORMATION CITY DISTRICT SIMFEROPOL

REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA

Summary of a lesson on getting to know nature in senior group on the topic of:

« Journey into nature"

Prepared by:

teacher: Murtazaeva L.R.

Simferopol, 2015

Software tasks:

Teach children to distinguish living objects from nonliving ones. Develop children's speech.
Develop the ability to answer questions and give reasons for your answers.
Develop skills educational activities. Consolidate knowledge about the nature of your native land. Foster a caring attitude towards nature.

Equipment: pictures about nature, magic box. Illustrations depicting signs of living nature: growing, breathing, eating, moving, reproducing. Globe, two plastic cups. Water.

Handout:

Cards with images of wildlife objects. Pencil. Chalk.

Napkins.

Progress of the lesson .

Educator: Guys, I have a box on my table, to open the box you need to guess the riddle.

"Bright sun
and blue sky
mountains, oceans,
plains, forests.
Water and sand
and everything is alive around.
What do we call all this, friends?
(Nature)

Educator: Guys, do you like to travel?

Children: Yes.

Educator: Let us be travelers today and go in search of treasure.But in order to find the treasure, you need to complete several tasks (sitting at tables, children look at pictures about nature (conversation based on content).

Educator: What did you see?
Children: Nature.
Educator: Correct. Everything that surrounds us is not made by human hands - it is nature. It can be living or non-living. Guys, what kind of wildlife objects have you seen?

Children: Plants, flowers, trees.
Educator: That's right, everything living: grows, breathes, eats, moves, reproduces. What inanimate objects have you seen?

Children: rain, wind, sun
Educator: Well done, you correctly named the objects of living and inanimate nature.

Finger gymnastics “Finger - boy, where have you been.”

Finger - boy, where have you been?

I went to the forest with this brother

I cooked cabbage soup with this brother

I ate porridge with this brother

I sang songs with this brother.

Educator: Guys, on your tables there are cards with images of nature. Take pencils and use arrows to distribute objects of living and inanimate nature (children complete the task).
Educator: Tell me what you classified as alive and inanimate nature?

Children: A cactus, a beet, a ladybug are all living things, but the moon, the sun, a cloud, a cloud with rain are not Live nature.

Educator: Guys, do we belong to living or inanimate nature?

Children: We belong to living nature.

Educator: Why?

Children: We breathe, we grow.

Physical education lesson “The wind is blowing in our faces”

The wind blows in our faces

The tree swayed

The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter

The tree is getting higher and higher.

Educator: That's right, we are part of nature, we are alive, and all living things grow, breathe, multiply, and feed. How do you and I breathe?
(the teacher suggests doing a breathing exercise).
Educator: You have napkins on the table, take them and blow them like the wind, breathing exercises “Wind”.

Breathing exercises"Wind".
Educator: Guys, we are now going to conduct an experiment and look at objects of inanimate nature.
1. Experiment with water (the teacher demonstrates himself). The teacher pours water from one glass to another.
Educator: What happened to the water, did it stop being water or not?
Children: No, I haven’t stopped.
2. Experience with chalk (together with children).
3. One of the children shows the experience together with the teacher. They take chalk and break it in half.
Educator: What happened to the chalk? Has he stopped being chalk or not?

Children: No.
Educator: That's right, the chalk remained chalk, only the pieces became smaller, the water also remained water.
The teacher concludes: chalk and water are objects of inanimate nature.

Educator: Guys, you completed all the tasks. And what new have we learned? Did you like it? What did you like best? What caused the difficulties?
Educator: Let us end our conversation with L. Daineko’s wonderful poem “Blue Planet”

There's a huge house on earth
Under the roof is blue.
The sun, rain and thunder live in it
Forest and sea surf.
Birds and flowers live in it,
The cheerful sound of the stream.
You live in that bright house
And all your friends.
Wherever the roads lead
You will always be in it.
The nature of our native land
This house is called.

Educator: This concludes our lesson. Well done!

Vera Mamirkina

Abstract OD« Cognitive development» introduction to the natural world in the senior group.

« Journey into the natural world»

Tasks:

Educational:

1 .Shape children have ideas about the world around us.

2. Summarize and consolidate children’s knowledge about animals, birds, and insects.

3. Enrich children’s understanding of phenomena nature.

4. Enrich your vocabulary children: route list, ecology, ecologists.

Developmental:

1. Develop curiosity, cognitive interest.

2. Develop communication skills, the ability to communicate with each other.

3. Develop creative imagination in different types of children's activities.

Educational:

1. Cultivate a caring attitude towards living things.

2. Cultivate love for nature.

Move:

Educator: Guys, I suggest you play a game "Mail"

Leading: Ding, ding, ding!

Children: Who's there!

Leading: Mail.

Children: Where!

Leading: From Ryazan.

Children: What are they doing there?

Leading: Dancing, swimming, jumping, croaking, etc.

All players must depict the named action.

Educator: Guys, a letter arrived for us this morning! Do you want to know what's there? But first, guess the riddle.

Five kingdoms in which there are many organisms,

We call her mother. (nature)

The teacher reads the letter: “Dear guys, I invite you to journey. Very interesting meetings and solutions to difficult problems and situations await you. Knowledge and ingenuity in this travel will be very useful to you. "Mother nature» .. The map will show you the way. Guys, first let's talk about nature.

Educator: What can you call nature(children express their opinions). Nature is that, which was not created by man.

Stones are nature! Is the chair wooden? And. etc.

Who is studying nature? (Children express their opinions.) These are ecologists. Ecologists study nature and everyone knows about it, and they also protect her.

Didactic game "Good or bad"

The teacher throws a ball to the children and asks questions about nature, and the children answer good or bad.

Littering in the forest?

Leave the fire unextinguished?

Pick up trash after yourself?

Putting out the fire?

Shoot birds with a slingshot?

Feed the birds?

Cut down trees?

Plant trees? Etc.

Educator. - Guys, let's go to journey. Look, what is this sign on our way?

Stops:

1. "Mushroom clearing."

Children are divided into two teams (chanterelles and toadstools) and take part in the relay race. Chanterelles are brought to the basket edible mushrooms, and toadstools are inedible.

2. "Shadows."

The cards depict silhouettes of animals and birds. Children must determine whose silhouette.

3. "Musical." physical minute "On the toe"

4. "Puzzles"

1. Fluffy cotton wool is floating somewhere,

The lower the wool, the closer the rain. (clouds)

2. It’s not fire, but it burns painfully,

Not a lantern, but shining brightly,

And not a baker, but a baker? (Sun)

3. In summer he runs,

Sleeps in winter

Spring has come -

She ran again. (river)

Children guess riddles about phenomena nature.

5. Didactic game. "Air, water, earth".

Educator. - That's the end of our journey.

What did you like most about it?

An “Open Day” was held in the kindergarten; parents were present for the lesson.

Publications on the topic:

Abstract of GCD cognitive development in middle group"We are friends of nature!" Asanova Natalya Demyanovna, teacher of the Volchikhinsky kindergarten No. 2. Abstract of GCD cognitive development in the middle group “We.

Abstract of the educational activity in the senior group on familiarization with the natural world “Spring has come, the birds have arrived” B, Municipal government preschool educational institution “Kindergarten No. 13 of a combined type”, Novosibirsk Abstract directly.

Abstract of GCD in the senior group on FEMP and familiarization with the natural world Topic. “Let's help mother droplet save the kids” Program content: strengthen children's ability to distinguish the color and shape of geometric shapes.

Summary of a lesson on introducing the natural world in the second junior group “Journey to the fairy tale Kolobok” Purpose: -To continue to form children’s ideas about animals living in the forest (fox, hare, bear, wolf). -Introduce them to their habits.

Summary of a lesson on cognitive research activities (Introduction to the Natural World) “Water Sorceress” Educational areas being implemented: “Cognitive development”, “Speech development” Types of children’s activities: play, motor, subject.

Lesson notes on cognitive development(familiarization with the natural world) in the junior group “Insects” Objectives: Expand children’s understanding of insects (butterfly, May beetle, ladybug, dragonfly, etc. Exercise children in the ability to lay out.

Published with some abbreviations

In the older group, children's ideas about natural phenomena in inanimate and living nature are expanded and clarified, a realistic understanding of these phenomena and the ability to establish relationships between them are formed.
The teacher continues to develop the ability to observe seasonal changes, identify characteristic features, analyze, generalize and correctly convey what is perceived in words and drawings; instills in children a love for nature and a desire to protect it.
The teacher consolidates and deepens the work skills of children, teaches them to diligently and accurately carry out work assignments, and develops a desire to help elders.

WAYS TO EXPLAIN CHILDREN WITH NATURE

Observations of inanimate and living nature in the older group are more systematic and lengthy than in previous groups. During walks, the teacher reads poems about nature, asks riddles, and introduces folk proverbs, which undoubtedly enhances the children’s impressions.
Children in the older group systematically keep a nature calendar, where they record changes. A nature calendar can be, for example, like this: on a sheet of cardboard in the right corner there is a picture depicting the landscape of a given season; A pocket is made in the middle into which children's drawings are inserted, reflecting changes in nature. On the back of the drawing, the teacher writes down the date, the child’s name, and the content of the drawing (according to the child).
You can also place the best drawing on the theme of nature, made in an art class, in the pocket. The total number of drawings should not be more than 12-15. At the end of the season, children, under the guidance of a teacher, examine them, remember their observations, and draw conclusions.

Sun. At the beginning of autumn, the sun is still shining brightly and cumulus clouds are visible. After several observations, the children themselves conclude that the sun no longer warms as much as it did in the summer. Notice the change in the path of the sun. The days are noticeably shorter, and it gets dark early in the evening.
Air, wind. Watch the surroundings with your children from elevated places. Let them say what they see in front of them, to the left, to the right. Ask what colors are more abundant in nature in autumn. Say what now early autumn. Pay attention to the clarity and clarity of visible objects.
This is explained by the transparency of the air. Air surrounds the entire earth. Plants, animals and people need it. Everyone breathes it.
In cloudy weather, the winds blow and it becomes cold. Ask how the children began to dress.
Precipitation. There are still thunderstorms in early autumn. Children notice that they are no longer the same as in the summer. “In the summer, after a thunderstorm, it became warm. “We took indoor plants out into the rain,” they recall. “And now after the thunderstorm it’s cold and unpleasant, you can’t run through puddles barefoot!” The teacher clarifies that these are the last thunderstorms.
Children notice that dark clouds are increasingly clouding the sky and hanging over the ground for a long time. From the veranda they watch the autumn rain and compare it with the summer rain. The teacher asks why people say: “Autumn chills the water.” More and more often in the mornings, fragile ice appears on puddles.
The soil. Draw the children's attention to the footprints that remain on the ground after rain: in one soil the foot gets stuck, while in the other there are traces, but the feet are dry. Children, knowing the properties of sand and clay, explain the reason.
Take three glass jars for a walk. Offer to pour sandy soil into one of them, and clay soil into the other. Pour water, stir and see what happens. The sand will soon settle, and the clay will remain in the water for a long time in the form of turbidity. Children clearly learn that sand allows water to pass through, while clay retains it. After this, look at the color of the soil in the garden.
Compare with sandy and clay soil. Place garden soil in the third jar. When the children stir it in the water, they will see some roots and strings there. Explain that these are residues from plant roots. Plants use these roots to suck nutrients from the soil.
Moon and stars. In autumn it gets dark early, and on evening walks you can see the moon and stars. Say that the moon is always in the sky, but it is not visible during the day, and sometimes it is not visible in the evening if it is covered by clouds. Draw children's attention to the shine of the moon and stars, teach them to admire the heavenly bodies. Tell us about the artificial satellites of the Moon, about brave astronauts, about the fact that there are mountains on the Moon, that the Moon is now being studied.

Trees and shrubs. After arriving from the dacha, the children note what changes have happened to the trees and shrubs, remember familiar names, and only learn about some: after all, they now have a new plot where trees that are new to them grow.
Children not only observe, but also outline what needs to be done to make the plants feel good, to help them prepare for winter: weed, trim dry branches, etc.
Walks in the park. In the fall, the teacher often goes with the children for walks in the park or square. On a sunny day, look at the sky through the branches: in autumn, the varied colors of the leaves especially highlight it Blue colour. Ask what has changed at the park.
Look at the leaves with your children. Please note that the surface of the leaf blade is different trees different: oak, for example, has a smooth, hard leaf; birch is rough; linden is soft. Play the game “Recognize a tree by its leaf.” One child names the characteristic features of the leaf, the rest learn from the description which tree it comes from. Collect several different leaves for a corner of nature.
Show your children the beauty of golden autumn. There is complete silence in the park. All trees are brightly colored. The leaf color ranges from lemon yellow to dark purple. If there are pine and spruce trees in the park, look how their dark greens set off the autumn colors deciduous trees. It makes a strong impression. Sometimes words are not needed here and no explanation is required from the teacher.
Notice the peculiar beauty of individual trees. Children really love the game “Forest Scouts”. The teacher distributes “airplane wings” prepared in advance to everyone.
They are made like this: long strips of cardboard are rounded at the ends. On the inside of each wing, two elastic bands are attached to thread your hands through them. The scouts listen to the instructions of the commander (educator), then start the engines and fly around the forest.
It is better to give tasks to a group of scouts, then the game will be more interesting.
Tasks can be like this:
Bring red leaves and find out what tree they come from, where this tree grows. Which tree has the most yellow leaves? Which one has the least? Show the tallest and shortest tree close up. What is it called? Determine landmarks: front-behind, right-left. Which tree has smooth bark and which has rough bark? How many steps are there to the birch (or other tree)? Which tree or bush has green leaves? What is the most beautiful tree and where is it located?
You can come up with many similar tasks, nature itself will tell you. The guys do them with great pleasure.
After the first frost, leaf fall begins.
Upon entering the park, watch the leaves fall, listen to how they rustle, offer to inhale the smell of withering leaves. Let them remember what color the birch leaves were. Play the "Guess the Description" game. Children recognize a tree by describing the color of the bark and leaves. Before leaving, read an excerpt from I. Bunin’s poem “Falling Leaves”:
The forest is like a painted tower,
Lilac, gold, crimson,
A cheerful motley wall
Stands above a bright clearing.
Birch trees with yellow carving
Glisten in the blue azure,
Like towers, the fir trees are darkening,
And between the maples they turn blue
Now there, now here, through the foliage,
Clearances in the sky, like a window.
The forest smells of oak and pine,
Over the summer it dried out from the sun...
It's so light all around today,
Such dead silence
In the forest and in the blue heights,
What is possible in this silence
Hear the rustle of a leaf.
The teacher helps the children conclude why the leaves fly off.
Take the children to a spruce or pine tree and tell them why they remain green, and if the needles fall, they are replaced with fresh ones. Say that needles are the same as leaves, but they are not afraid of the cold. Consider a larch whose light needles have fallen off. See which trees stay green for a long time. This is oak and lilac. Read I. Tokmakova’s poem “Oak” and teach it to the children:
Oak of rain and wind
Not afraid at all.
Who said that oak
Scared of catching a cold?
After all, until late autumn
It stands green.
This means the oak is hardy,
So, hardened.
During leaf fall, you can collect a variety of leaves to decorate your group, to make lotto, various crafts from natural materials, hats, garlands, belts, etc. Children love to lay out leaf patterns on thick paper.
The teacher helps them choose a beautiful combination of colors, checks the location of the leaves in the pattern, offers to lay out leaves of the same color in a row by size, comparing them by superimposing one on top of the other. It is necessary to support the initiative and imagination of children.
Go to the park late autumn. Ask what has changed here.
Fruits and seeds. Review tree and shrub seeds with your children. Compare them with each other, determine which tree they come from. Ask them to think about why linden nuts have wings.
Consider a maple fruit consisting of two parts. Each has a large wing, which is why the fruit is called Diptera.
Watch how the two-winged bird falls from the tree when it is ripe: it rotates quickly, so it stays in the air for a long time. And the wind, picking it up, carries it far from the tree.
Take the fruit, take out the seed, open it and show the children that inside it is the embryo of a tree: miniature green leaves are visible there. Children will understand that a tree will grow from a seed.
Compare the fruit of maple and ash. Ash has an oblong single-seeded lionfish. Consider the fruit of an acorn. It is hard, there is an overgrown plus at the bottom. Read an excerpt from S. Marshak’s poem “Song of the Acorn”:
With a cap on my head,
As if ready to go,
He's hiding in the leaves
Golden oak...
In this smooth box
Bronze color
A small oak tree is hidden
Next summer.
If it doesn't gnaw him
Squirrel with a sharp tooth,
He will live for hundreds of years
Chunky oak.
After this, the children will look at the stocky oak tree again with particular interest. Collect acorns for crafts, and plant one in a box and watch for a sprout with carved leaves to appear.
Consider the cones of coniferous trees: spruce, pine and larch, compare them with each other. Peel back the scales of the cones and you will see the seeds. Can be done with cones interesting activities: arrange them by size, shape, color.
During your walks, play the following games with the fruits and seeds of trees: “Where are the children of this branch?” and “Confusion.” The first game is that the teacher places pine, fir cones, maple seeds, linden nuts, nuts, acorns and other fruits and seeds in front of the children.
Then he shows a tree branch and asks: “Where are the children of this branch?” Children find fruits from this tree. In the game “Confusion,” the teacher must put the fruits of one tree next to the leaves of another and offer to untangle.
With your children, make a collection of seeds and fruits of trees and shrubs in your area or park where you go for walks. Place the seeds in small boxes on cotton wool. Glue the leaves onto cardboard cards. Cover both with cellophane or polyethylene. This collection will give children the opportunity to match the leaves with fruits and seeds.
Flower garden plants. Consider with your children what plants remain in the flower beds and ridges in the flower garden, and which of them are blooming. Explain to them that plants such as gillyflower, petunia, nasturtium, snapdragon and others grow and bloom only one summer, which is why they are called annuals. Other perennial plants: columbine, lilies, peonies, colorful phlox, rudbeckia (golden ball). Their roots overwinter in the soil.
After looking at the plants, play the game “Find by Description”. You name the leaf shape, color and flower shape of the plant, and the children guess.
Before frost, you can see plants that have not yet bloomed: asters, salvias, carnations, tobacco, pyrethrum (small decorative daisies). Dig them up and transplant them into boxes where they will bloom until December.
Go to a flower shop with your children. Consider what flowering plants are selling. Admire the beauty of chrysanthemums and note their carved leaves.
Please pay attention to the children that the store sells not only flowers, but also seeds and bulbs of tulips, hyacinths, gladioli, and daffodils. Buy different bulbs for planting. When you come to the group, take a good look at them and compare them with each other.
Plant the tulip bulbs in pots and place them in a dark, cool place (+5°). In November, when sprouts appear, bring the plants indoors and regularly pour water into the saucer. By the New Year, beautiful tulip flowers will bloom.
Spend all your care with your children. They are convinced in practice that people can make plants bloom even in winter if they know well what the plant needs and take care of it.

Wildlife observations

Insects. Insects are gradually disappearing. Children find entire clusters of beetles under stones and butterflies hidden in crevices. The flies and mosquitoes have disappeared. Collect dry leaves and sift them through a sieve. Children will see many living creatures.
Display dry, curled leaves that hang at the ends of branches. They are entangled in a web, and inside there are white cocoons. Small caterpillars of the hawthorn butterfly overwinter in them. Gardeners destroy them. These are pests, and if they are not removed, then in the spring they will eat young shoots and then leaves.
After observing, ask the children why the insects are hiding. The children will answer that it has become cold, the soil has cooled, the grass has withered. There is nothing for insects to eat - and they hide and fall asleep for the winter so as not to freeze.
Birds. The birds are already gathering in flocks. The first to fly away are those who arrived last: these are swifts, swallows, and flycatchers. At the beginning of autumn, the cranes fly away. Try to show the children the flight of cranes. In autumn they are seen better, as they fly lower than in spring.
Older children themselves pay attention to the preparation of birds for departure. Having gathered in flocks, they quickly rush through the air, practicing before a long flight. Children are interested in why birds fly away, why some fly away earlier, others later.
Remember what the birds ate in the summer and what they fed their chicks. In the autumn it became cold and insects disappeared, but they were the main food for birds.
Tell the children that in the fall birds fly to warmer climes for the winter. They fly slowly, making long stops: apparently, they don’t want to leave their homeland! Young birds fly away first, while the hardier ones linger.
While walking, notice how empty and quiet it became after the birds left. Only here and there you can see multi-colored feathers.
Show children how to make figurines of people, animals, and funny birds out of acorns or pine cones, adding some details and decorating them with feathers. Children will be interested in which bird the feather they found belongs to.
Offer to find out what birds we still have and what they eat. Watch the life of starlings who fly away later. In autumn they leave the forest and wander in flocks across fields, meadows, and along rivers. There they feed on meadow insects and slugs.
It is interesting to observe the consistency of starling flight. When turning or landing, the entire flock, as if on command, changes direction. Sometimes, before a long journey, starlings fly to birdhouses and check their homes. Sitting on a branch, they sing, as if saying goodbye to their native nest.
Rooks also do not fly away for a long time. Having united with jackdaws and crows in large flocks, rooks move from forests closer to water meadows, where they collect insects, their larvae and grain on the ground.
Children will be interested in why some rooks have black noses and others have white noses. Ask us to remember how rooks followed tractors in the spring and took larvae and worms out of the ground. Due to constant digging in the ground, old rooks wear out and fall out the feathers at the base of their beaks, which is why they are called “white-nosed rooks.” And young rooks with black beaks. As long as there is food, the rooks do not leave us.
While walking to a river or other body of water, children will see waterfowl. They get their food from the water. Until the rivers freeze, ducks, geese and swans will not fly away.
After guiding the migratory birds on their way, look who stays with us for the winter. First of all, these are sparrows. They eat a variety of foods. Sparrows fed their chicks with insects. In the fall they switch to other food: grain, crumbs. Please note that among the usual gray sparrows, sparrows with a different color appeared - with a white stripe on the wing. These sparrows live in forests and fields, but in the winter they also fly to people to feed.
In parks, gardens, and on the property, children hear the chirping of magpies, the cawing of jackdaws and crows. These birds also flew closer to human habitation. Tell the children that the birds can count on our help. In winter we will feed them, but for now we need to check what kind of food we have stored and whether it is stored well.
In September and October, you can still prepare weed seeds: shepherd's purse, plantain, quinoa, burdock, mallow, horse sorrel. Weeds are cut with a knife and stored in the form of brooms. In winter, they are inserted into the snow near feeders. Small seeds of nettles and quinoa are loved by tits, siskins, and redpolls. Burdock (burdock) is the main winter food of goldfinches and tits. Bullfinches, tits and nuthatches love large sunflowers. Let children collect pumpkin, watermelon and melon seeds: chickadees and nuthatches love them.
To attract more birds, you need to hurry with the installation of the feeder. It is best to leave the feeder in the same place where it was last year. Remind children to give food early in the morning at the same time every day. If there is no food at a certain hour, the birds will disappear and will appear only after a few days.
In winter, it’s cold for them to wait a long time at the feeder, so those on duty must prepare the food in the evening, pour it into a bucket, prepare a scoop and coarse sand.
On walks, children notice the appearance of new birds. They are similar to sparrows, but slightly larger, darker than sparrows, with a white breast and white stripes on the wings. They fly in flocks along the roads, but do not chirp like sparrows, but whistle. These are snow buntings. They flew to us from the far north.
But more interesting guests appeared: there was a tuft on his head, as if a bird had combed it back. This is a waxwing, which also flew to us from the north. There are especially many of these birds where there are buckthorn, viburnum, and rowan berries. You can also see nuthatches: they climb the trunk with their heads down.
Domestic and wild animals. On your walks you may meet pets: cats, dogs, horses. Draw the children's attention to the fact that many people's fur has become thicker. The summer sheds, and the animals become more densely coated; it is warmer. Children remember that some wild animals even change the color of their fur: it becomes lighter, for example, a hare and a squirrel.
The teacher talks about how wild animals prepare for winter. Stories should be emotional and interesting.
You can often see a squirrel in parks. She is usually tame and allows herself to be fed from her hands. The teacher says that in the fall the bear eats up, accumulating fat, which will warm and nourish it all winter long. hibernation in the den. Now he eats oats, honey, acorns.
The hedgehog prepares a warm bed for the winter from leaves, straw, and moss. The wolf and fox will not sleep in winter and therefore do not stock up.
Tell the children about moose. This large animal, similar to a horse, can be found in the forest, in the park and even on the outskirts of city streets. The moose's fur is gray-brown and has horns on its head. The moose runs fast: it has very strong legs. It feeds on grass and tree branches.

Labor in autumn

In the garden. One morning the children will see a white coating on the surface of the grass. This is frost. It was frosty at night, but it got warmer in the morning. Now you need to harvest the vegetables in the garden, otherwise they may freeze. After the first frost, go to the school plot and show the children how to harvest vegetables. (Agree with the teacher or pioneer leader in advance.)
Arrive before the schoolchildren, look at the general view of the garden, and tell them that the schoolchildren themselves sowed and planted everything. Let the children, having examined the beds, recognize the not yet dug vegetables by the tops: carrots, turnips, radishes, beets. Show prepared boxes and baskets, equipment and a place for folding tops. Tell them that early vegetables: cucumbers, tomatoes, zucchini are harvested before freezing. Show the frost-blackened tomato tops.
When the schoolchildren arrive, draw the children’s attention to their friendly work: some dig up vegetables with shovels, others carry them in baskets, others carefully cut the tops with knives and put the vegetables in boxes, sprinkling them with dry sand to better preserve them. The boxes are then taken to the basement. Everyone helps each other.
Children can also offer their help: sort vegetables by size, stack tops, etc. When you arrive at the kindergarten, wash the vegetables donated by the schoolchildren and give the children a treat.
When you harvest vegetables from your garden, remind the children how the schoolchildren worked.
Leave several types of vegetables for planting in a box in winter, when, closer to spring, there will be more sunny days. Green onions can also be planted in the fall.
Games are played with vegetables, for example, “Find the vegetables by description.” Four people make a riddle: one names the shape, the second - the color, the third - the taste, the fourth - the leaves. The rest are guessing. Another game “Find a vegetable for the tops.” Tops and vegetables lie separately from each other. Game "Guess". Children make riddles about vegetables, and the answer will be vegetables.
Invite the children to come up with riddles themselves, highlighting the characteristic features of vegetables. For example, a child came up with the following riddle: “Long, red, sweet, tops like a herringbone, growing like a panicle in the garden.” (Carrot.) or: “Round, yellow, smooth, it’s sweet to eat, I laid out the leaves on the garden bed.” (Turnip.)
Children love the game “Tops and Roots.” If the teacher names vegetables whose tops are eaten (for example, a tomato), the children raise their hands up; if - roots (for example, carrots, turnips), children hide their hands behind their backs; If all parts are eaten (for example, parsley), the children clap their hands.
In the garden. Visit the garden with your children, where they will see a lot of apples and pears on the trees. Look at the apples, their shape, compare different varieties, and children will see that each variety has its own color and taste. Show how apples are picked: each variety separately.
Green Antonovka will be harvested later - this is a late apple variety. See how old raspberry branches are cut out, leaving only young ones with thorns. They are then bent to the ground and tied together so that they do not freeze in winter.
It's good if you look at how fruit trees are planted. Say that gardens decorate our land. Remember what fruits and berries are grown in the garden.
After the observations, play a game with the children to consolidate knowledge about plants. In the game “Catch and Name,” the teacher throws a cone or a ball to the children one by one and says: “Garden.” The child who catches the object names everything that grows in the garden. Next: “Vegetable Garden”, “Forest”, “Meadow”, “Flower Garden”.
In many kindergartens, employees prepare vegetables and fruits for the winter: pickling cucumbers, sauerkraut, pickling tomatoes and apples. Show children the collective work of adults and invite them to take part in the work as much as possible. Prepare some vegetables from your garden and fruits from your garden for the winter. In winter, when celebrating children's birthdays, they will be pleased to open a jar of food prepared with their own hands.
Walking down the street, pay attention to the cars loaded to the brim with cabbage and bags of potatoes. Remember how you watched collective farmers work in the summer. Now they are harvesting the last crop in order to have time to cut cabbage, dig up potatoes, and provide people with vegetables for the whole winter before frost.
Look at the window of a grocery store. What a variety of vegetables and fruits! Tell them that vegetables and fruits are also brought from other republics. For example, sweet grapes are from Georgia and Uzbekistan; peppers, eggplants - from Ukraine. Draw the children's attention to the beauty of the display window decoration and the combination of colors. The farmers did a good job, which is why they grew such a bountiful harvest.
In the park. Pay attention to the children what kind of work gardeners do in the fall: they plant tulip bulbs and daffodils in the ground, dig up the soil, apply fertilizer. Let children see how much work people put into making sure everyone has a pleasant holiday. If children learn this, they will never walk across the lawn, break trees or tear up flowering plants.

Working with the calendar

At the beginning of winter, children, together with the teacher, look at the drawings in the autumn calendar of nature and talk about their observations on walks, remembering the characteristic signs of autumn: cooling, changes in foliage colors, leaf fall, falling of fruits and seeds from trees, wilting of herbaceous plants, disappearance of insects, flight of birds , preparing animals for winter, people's work in the fall. These signs are the content of children's drawings for the calendar. The teacher asks the children riddles about autumn.

WINTER

In order for winter walks to be interesting and attractive, they need to be properly organized. At the beginning of winter, plan your site with your children. Mark a place for the slide. For children in the senior and pre-school groups, make a common slide.
Mark a ski track along the fence, but not close to the trees. Attach directional arrows to the fence. Most of the space should be left for buildings made of snow. Prepare in advance Additional materials: scraps of boards, logs, sticks. Think about where all this can be stored. The site should have shafts 30 cm high (children love to run on them and jump from them), and ice paths for sliding.
Don't forget to prepare your dolls for winter. They must have winter clothes and shoes. As soon as the snow cover subsides, start collecting snow with your children, making a wall around your area (no higher than 1 m). The snow will compact and can be used for buildings and other structures (niches for toys, rooms for dolls) throughout the winter.
When the site is planned, inspect all the trees and bushes with the children, check to see if there is a broken branch or dry bindweed left. Remind them that in winter they need to take even more care of their plants.
Check if the bird feeder is stable. If it sways, strengthen it: otherwise the birds will be scared and reluctant to visit it. Explain that you cannot play where perennial plants are planted, where there is a vegetable garden. Note the weather before going for a walk and, depending on this, invite the children to decide for themselves what to take to the site.

Sun. When observing, first of all pay attention to the sun. What is it like today: dim, bright, covered with clouds? Remember what it was like yesterday. Mark the path of the sun in the morning, afternoon and evening using landmarks.
Conclude that the sun rises later and sets earlier, and therefore the days are getting shorter. In January, the days are noticeably longer, but it is getting colder. Tell them that the real winter is just beginning: frosts are ahead.
Ask the children what's going on indoor plants and planting onions and root crops in boxes. (Everything begins to come to life and turn green.) Conclude that plants need light, and if the day has lengthened, then there is more light. But why don’t the trees grow and turn green? What, besides light, do plants need? (They need warmth. Houseplants grow in warmth, and the trees on the site have become even colder than at the beginning of winter.)
In February, thaws will begin and icicles will appear on the south side of the roofs. Ask the children why.
Snow. What joy the first snow brings to the children! Rejoice with them. Let the children feel the fresh frosty air and smell the first snow.
Pay attention to the children how beautiful it is in winter. Winter, like an artist, paints everything around with a fluffy white brush. The trees no longer seem naked: they are dressed in a snow-white outfit; The paths also turned white.
Read I. Surikov’s poem “Winter”:
White snow, fluffy,
Spinning in the air
And the ground is quiet
Falls, lies down.
And in the morning snow
The field turned white
Like a veil
Everything dressed him.
Offer to watch how the snow swirls and falls. Children love to collect it for the mountain: they carry it in boxes on sleds, in toy cars.
When the snow falls in flakes, point out to the children that it is easy to shovel, and a small plywood box loaded with snow can be lifted by one child. Remember that in the summer the same box, loaded with earth, was carried on a stretcher by two children.
Conclude that the earth is heavier than snow. But why? Have children look at the snow flakes through a magnifying glass and see that they are individual snowflakes stuck together. And there is air between the snowflakes, which is why the snow is fluffy and so easy to lift.
Consider individual snowflakes. They are very beautiful in shape: they look like stars, thin plates, flowers and needles. Most often, snowflakes have six rays.
Draw children's attention that the shape of snowflakes changes depending on the weather: in severe frost, snowflakes fall in the shape of solid, large stars; in mild frost they resemble white hard balls, which are called cereals; in a strong wind, very small snowflakes fly (if you look at them with a magnifying glass, you can see that their rays are broken); Snowflakes are very beautiful when they swirl and sparkle in the evening under the light of a lantern.
If you walk through the snow in the cold, you can hear it creaking. Tell the children that these are crunchy snowflakes that break under your feet.
Snowfall. An equally beautiful sight is when the snow falls in a continuous veil, behind which the contours of houses and trees can be discerned. Teach your children to admire the snowfall. Ask them why it is called that.
After the snowfall there is a revival - the streets are cleared of snow everywhere. Watch a snowblower in action. Let the children think about how long it takes to shovel this snow by hand. And the snowplow works so fast that cars barely have time to drive up to it. Remember where the snow is taken.
Look at the snowdrifts on the site. Children will be interested in how deep they are. To do this, take a stick - a conventional measure (0.5 m) - and measure the depth of the snowdrifts in different places.
Ask them to think about why the snow lies in a thicker layer near fences and bushes than in the open. The children, after observing, answer that in these places it is not carried by the wind.
Admire the beauty of the tall snowdrifts, especially when they are illuminated by the bright January sun. Ask the children what they can say about snow. They will answer that the snow is fluffy, deep, shaggy, layered, that it glitters in the sun, shimmers, sparkles.
If a thaw occurs after a snowfall, construction and snowball fights begin on the site.
Freezing. In frosty weather, it is interesting to look at the patterns on the windows that sparkle with multi-colored lights in the sun. While observing, read the poem by I. Nikitin:
The bitter frost is bitter,
It's dark outside;
Silver frost
He closed the window.
During the walk, children build all kinds of snow structures. They rush to fill them with water to form ice. On one of your walks, decorate the buildings with pieces of ice, laying them out or hanging them.
Offer to put water, snow, ice on the table. Explain that ice and snow are water that has changed its appearance under the influence of cold. Make riddles:
Transparent like glass
Don't put it in the window.
(Ice.)
There's a mountain in the yard,
And in the hut - water.
(Snow.)
If frost strikes after a thaw, ice appears on the street. Explain this phenomenon. Offer to think about what needs to be done to prevent it from becoming slippery. Children suggest sprinkling the paths with sand. Remind them of N. Nosov’s story “On the Hill.” Pay attention to what the wipers do in icy conditions.
Blizzards, snowstorms, drifting snow. In February you can observe blizzards, blizzards, and drifting snow. Let the children listen to the howling of the wind, see how the clouds cover the sun and snow is blowing everywhere. Talk to them about what it’s like for the forest dwellers now.
The next day, the sun may shine brightly in a clear blue sky and even slightly warm up the tree trunks. Offer to touch the bark with your hand. Read an excerpt from A. S. Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning”:
...Evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
There was darkness in the cloudy sky;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the gloomy clouds it turned yellow.
And now... look out the window:
Under blue skies
Magnificent carpets,
Glistening in the sun, the snow lies...
Watch with your children such a phenomenon as drifting snow. After this, they will easily remember the beginning of S. Marshak’s poem “February”:
The winds blow in February
The pipes howl loudly
Like a snake rushes along the ground
Light drifting snow...
The sun is rising higher and higher, but it is still far from warm. Finally, the children will see drops dripping from the icicles and the snowmen will begin to “lose weight.”
The snow turns gray, settles, and an ice crust appears at the top, which can be lifted: underneath there is loose white snow. While observing, read an excerpt from S. Marshak’s fairy tale “Twelve Months”:
The snow is no longer the same:
It darkened in the field.
The ice on the lakes is cracked,
It's like they split it.
The clouds are moving faster
The sky has become higher
The sparrow chirped
Have fun on the roof.

Trees. In winter, trees without leaves - you can clearly see their structure: crown, trunk, arrangement of branches, compare with each other. Tell the children what benefits trees bring.
At the beginning of winter, the park is still elegant: in some places the mountain ash is turning red, all the berries on the elderberry are intact. The snow slightly decorated the trees and dusted the spruce and pine trees. The park is spacious and quiet.
After admiring the winter view, invite the children to recognize the trees. Teach them to distinguish them from bushes. Trees have one thick trunk, while shrubs have many thin trunks. Ask a riddle:
It's fun in the spring,
It's cold in the summer,
Nourishes in autumn
Warms in winter.
(Tree.)
Let the children try to explain each line of the riddle. Make another riddle: “Winter and summer in the same color.” Ask about the names of trees such as pine and spruce. Which coniferous trees Do the kids still know? What are needles? What are the names of trees whose leaves fall in the winter?
Consider coniferous and deciduous trees, compare them with each other. Teach to distinguish trees by their buds.
Spruce. The spruce trunk is straight, the bark is reddish-brown. The crown looks like a cone. Branches with dense needles begin close to the ground. The buds are sharp and covered with scales. Narrow long cones hang on the spruce. Tell the children that in winter, in dense spruce forests, bears sleep in dens, and hares hide under spruce branches.
Larch. The crown of the trees is rounded. The branches are long and short, the buds have scales, the cones are round. Tell the children that larch is very common in the forests of our country. A branch with pine cones, found on the ground and placed in a vase, will decorate a group room.
Poplar. A tall tree with a slender trunk and a wide crown. The bark is yellow-gray with cracks. The branches are thick, of different lengths. Encourage children to touch and smell them; the buds are sticky and fragrant. Say that poplar is a very useful tree: it cleans the air from city smoke and dust.
Linden. It can be distinguished from other trees by its dark, almost black trunk. The branches are directed to the sides and bend in the middle. “It’s as if a bear was swinging on them,” the children say, recalling N. Pavlova’s fairy tale “Winter Feast.” Round buds are visible on the branches.
You shouldn't take too many trees for comparison. Let the children know the signs of three or four well, be able to recognize them, and talk about them. Consider shrubs too.
Yellow acacia. Acacia has several thin trunks. The bark is olive green, and drooping petioles remain after the leaves fall. The buds are light brown. Tell the children that acacia is a very useful shrub. It improves the soil. Acacia is unpretentious - it easily tolerates shade, frost and drought.
Lilac. All children know the fragrant lilac flowers. Its leaves remain green on the branches until frost. The buds are large. Tell them that lilacs take root easily and grow quickly.
To consolidate knowledge about trees and shrubs, play the game “Find out by description.” The child describes a tree or shrub, and the children name it. You can play like this: a troupe of children gives a description of the tree. Each person names only one characteristic feature, the rest guess.
Game "Who will remember better." Place fruits or tree bark on the snow in three rows (no more than 6-10 items). Invite the children to look at everything carefully and try to remember. At a signal, they turn their backs to the objects and name those that they remember. You can come up with other variations of this game.
Game "Guess how many steps." Invite the children to guess how many steps there are from the bench to the linden tree, from the linden tree to the maple tree. First you need to determine it by eye, and then check it. This game develops spatial orientation, eye and helps to consolidate the names of trees.
Continue the game “Scouts”, giving the children the following instructions: find the tallest or shortest tree in a clearing, in an alley, at the edge of the forest; find and bring a larch branch with cones; find traces and determine who they belong to, etc.
Teach children to take care of trees. Show how the branches bent after the snowfall. Carefully brush the snow off them. Add one sprig and place it in water. After some time, bend it - it does not break, it only bends, which means the tree is alive. As spring approaches, bring in branches that are pruned in the gardens. They will be needed for classes.
Herbaceous plants. Show how grasses overwinter. Dig up the snow and the children will see green grass in the depths. This means she is not cold under the snow. Explain that plants need rest, so indoor plants are watered less often in winter.

Wildlife observations

Birds. Watching the birds at the feeder, children notice that with the onset of cold weather more of them began to arrive. Here are noisy tap dancers flitting from place to place, calling to each other, fiddling around. Tap dancers are not very shy - they can be clearly seen when they peck birch buds and weed seeds: quinoa, thistle, nettle.
Their plumage is colored differently: most are brown with a gray breast, but there are also some with red spots on the breast. Tell the children that the tap dancers came from the north.
Sedate, calm bullfinches appeared. Offer to listen to their melodious, quiet whistling. “They ring like bells,” say the children. Bullfinches only come to life when they need to fly somewhere. They call to each other and fly away. Children already know that bullfinches love berries, from which they peck seeds, grains, and seeds from ash blades and maple wings.
Read the poem “Bullfinches” by L. Tatyanicheva:
The bushes turned red
Not from the morning dawn.
These are red lanterns
The bullfinches lit up.
Children eat green onions, which contains many vitamins. Birds also need vitamins. The teacher invites the children to sow oats and lettuce to feed them green shoots.
It is interesting to observe which birds prefer green food and how they peck at it. Pay attention to the behavior of birds in different weather. In cold weather they sit with a ruffled appearance and chirp less, but in the thaw they are more animated and fly more.
Goldfinches also appeared. Gradually their flocks increase. They are very beautiful: bright yellow stripes on black wings, a red spot on the forehead. Goldfinches are very active.
Here is a goldfinch, like an acrobat, clinging to the head of a burdock, quickly pulling out large seeds, cracking them like nuts, throwing away the peel. Flocks of goldfinches are very noisy: they chirp, spin, squat, often quarrel with each other, and scream.
Children really enjoy watching their noisy guests and feeding them. They are all so different.
There are especially many sparrows at the feeder. They are always with us. Read a poem about them:
The birds' nests are empty,
The birds flew away to the south.
Turned out to be braver than everyone else
Our yard sparrow.
Kholodov was not afraid,
He stayed with us for the winter.
Snow covers the entire earth -
Sparrows do not lose heart:
They scurry around merrily in a flock,
Everything they come across gets pecked.
Don't spare the bread crumbs:
The sparrow deserved them.
You fix a feeding trough for him -
He will call his girlfriend,
And my friends are all right there,
The little ones are pecking happily.
And there was a cheerful knock -
Knock-Knock,
Knock-Knock,
Knock-Knock,
Wild and domestic animals. Tell us how animals live in the forest in winter. Read the poem by I. Tokmakova:
Like on a hill - snow, snow,
And under the hill - snow, snow,
And on the tree there is snow, snow,
And under the tree - snow, snow,
And a bear sleeps under the snow.
Hush hush. Keep quiet!
The bear sleeps restlessly: no, no, yes, and he will look with his green eye from the hole in the den, then turn on the other side and sleep again. And in the middle of winter, the bear gives birth to cubs - tiny cubs. They feel warm around their mother. And the hedgehog is sleeping, he was also covered with snow.
And the fox and the wolf are running around in search of food. The fox is not cold, it’s as if she’s wearing felt boots: there’s thick fur on her legs. The fox smells mice that run under the snow along the snowy corridors. She sniffs for a long time, then begins to jump in the snow, and the mice, frightened, run out.
The bunny sits under a bush all day. The snow is white, and the hare is white - you can’t even see him. And at night he will jump with his scythe to look for food: he will gnaw the bark of trees, he especially loves aspen. If young fruit trees are not covered and tied with spruce branches, he can strip them too.
Foresters prepare hay and branches for the elk for the winter. Hens of the woods - partridges - have huts built and food provided. Read M. Prishvin’s story “The Hare’s Overnight” (“The Four Seasons”) to the children.
While walking, look at the tracks of a squirrel, a hare, an elk, or a thin chain of footprints from mice paws in the freshly fallen snow.
Talk to your children about pets, tell them about their habits. All animals love affection and are affectionate towards humans. The cat tries to sit closer to the radiator: she loves warmth.
Sometimes a cat scratches wooden objects: it needs to sharpen its claws. If you let the cat out for a walk in the yard, it will recognize its home and will definitely return. The cat is very clean: after eating, it washes itself thoroughly and is careful - it knows how to cleverly hide from its enemies.
Dogs are attached to their owner: they love to walk with him and guard the apartment. The teacher tries to instill in children good feelings towards animals. Read V. Solovyova’s poem about a puppy:
And the puppy was very lonely
In a kennel with straw bedding.
I couldn't play with the guys
To caress people you don't know.
I just looked around with longing,
I just called people as much as I could.
People walked around the kennel:
“Well, he barks at everyone! What kind of dog...
It's like some kind of animal in a kennel...
It will bite! Look how evil..."
...People were talking in the yard,
Without knowing the language of a dog.

Working with the calendar

When obvious signs spring is already noticeable, look at the drawings of nature’s winter calendar with your children. Remember that winter began with the freezing of rivers and the establishment of snow cover. Tell us about the characteristic signs of winter.
Here are approximate themes of their drawings: People are walking on the ice. Trees and paths are covered with snow. Children watering a snow slide. Children are making a snowman. Blizzard. Icicles under the roof. Trees in winter. Birds at the feeder. Bird tracks in the snow. Fox or hare in winter. Crows around the trees.
Ask the children what season comes after winter. Replace the image of a winter landscape with a spring one in the calendar and offer to observe and sketch spring natural phenomena.

Observations of inanimate nature phenomena

Sometimes it seems to children that winter has come again: “It’s a snowstorm again and it’s cold, cloudy, drifting snow is running along the road, even frost has painted the patterns on the windows.” The teacher suggests taking a closer look and noting the characteristic signs of the arrival of spring. Children notice a change in the path of the sun and conclude that the day has begun to grow longer, the sky has become bright blue, and cumulus clouds have appeared.
Explain to the children that they were formed when the air was heated. The more the snow melts, the more such clouds appear. They do not cover the entire sky, as in winter, but stay in groups. The clouds in early spring are very beautiful, especially if you look at them through a lacy network of birch, linden, and poplar branches.
Read an excerpt from a poem by E. Baratynsky:
Spring, spring! How high
On the wings of the breeze,
Caressing the sun's rays,
Clouds are flying!
Snow. The snow settles more and more every day, its color becomes gray. Ask the children why in the morning the snow is covered with a white crust - infusion.
Under the roof hangs a beautiful fringe of icicles, which fall during the day, breaking into transparent ice fragments. Explain why they melt during the day. Please note that the icicles do not melt from all sides of the roof. Explain why. Introduce children to the cardinal directions.
The teacher, observing the morning frost with the children, tells them a popular proverb: “Winter scares summer, but it itself melts.” Everyone is happy about spring and the sun. Cheerful voices are heard everywhere, shovels are knocking, snow is being thrown from the roofs. And the guys on their site help the janitor remove the snow.
Ask where it is more difficult to remove: from paths where it has been compacted, or where it lies in a loose layer. A janitor breaks the snow on the paths with a crowbar, and the guys help scatter it. Observe where it melts faster: on dark asphalt or where it has not yet been cracked.
When the streams gurgle, children have exciting games. Help them make different boats.
The guys are interested in where the water disappears. Follow the flow of streams. The turbulent streams of water rushing towards the reservoir make a strong impression. In the city, show that the water is drained into receivers and then flows through special pipes into the river.
Don't miss the ice drift, show it to the children. Please note that many people have gathered near the river to watch the ice drift.
Offer to listen to the crackle of breaking ice floes, watch the movement of the mass of ice along the river, consider individual ice floes, their size, color, thickness. Ask why the ice on the river melted, what it will soon turn into.
Notice how many birds fly over the river. Let them find out and name their friends.
After a walk to the river during ice drift, read to the children the excerpt “Ice drift” from S. Aksakov’s story “The Childhood Years of Bagrov’s Grandson.”
Visit the river during high water. Let the children see how high the water has risen, how muddy it is, how fast current. Ask why there is so much water in the river now. After this walk, read an excerpt from N. A. Nekrasov’s poem “Grandfather Mazai and the Hares.”

Observations of the flora

Walks in the park. There is still snow under the trees in the park, since the sun penetrates through the trees more slowly and the melting is delayed. But craters appeared everywhere near the trunks: the dark lower part of the trunk heated up from the sun and melted the snow near it. Gardeners trim unnecessary branches. Collect them and place them in water in the group room.
Look where the first thawed patch and the first grass have already appeared from under the snow. Read the poem “Spring” by I. Tokmakova:
Spring is coming to us
With quick steps,
And the snowdrifts are melting
Under her feet.
Black thawed patches
Visible in the fields.
That's right, very warm
Spring's feet.
Find the brown tubercles of coltsfoot rhizomes, plant one plant in a pot and place it in a group on a window. Soon the first spring flower will appear on the scaly stems, much earlier than it blooms on the site. Ask the children why.
The grass will soon begin to turn green. The trees also come to life. The aspen is covered with shaggy earrings. And the poplar hung up its earrings. The buds on the other trees have already swelled and are about to burst and tender leaves will appear.
With your children, admire the beauty of the spring park, the freshness of the young grass and the first flowers. Tell them that there is no need to pick the flowers: they will quickly wither, but in the grass they will continue to bloom for a long time and delight everyone who comes to the park.
Flowering plants. The first coltsfoot flowers have long since faded on the window, leaving only fluffy heads that look like dandelions. Let the children remember the dandelion and compare these plants: the coltsfoot has a pubescent stem, the shoots are covered with scales. The leaves that appear later are smooth and green above and covered with soft hairs below. If you apply the fleecy side of the leaf to your cheek, it seems warm, like a mother’s affectionate touch, while the green, smooth side is cold. That's why the plant was named that way. The dandelion has a smooth, straight stem, with a rosette of carved leaves at the bottom.
It is necessary to introduce children to all the spring flowering plants of the forest and examine them.
Pay attention to the shape and color of plant flowers: the graceful shape of the snowdrop, the multi-colored lungwort flowers. Tell them that nectar is found only in pink flowers and the bees know this: not a single one will sit on a blue flower that does not contain nectar.
An interesting shaggy purple flower that looks like a bell. This is dream grass. Consider a cream anemone flower, its thin stem swaying in the spring wind. And here are the little yellow stars. This is a goose onion. Consider the corydalis, its interesting shape.
Tell the children that these are all perennial flowering plants. No one is seating them. They bloom before everyone else, when the trees have not yet covered with leaves, they love space and light. All these flowers have a pleasant, faint scent.
Tell the children that poets have written many poems about spring plants. Read the poem “Snowdrop” by E. Serova:
Snowdrop peeked out
In the twilight of the forest -
Little scout
Sent in the spring.
Let it still be above the forest
The snows rule,
Let them lie under the snow
Sleepy meadows;
Let on the sleeping river
The ice is motionless -
Once a scout came -
And spring will come!
Flowering plants on the site. Location on kindergarten You need to have a flower garden so that children can observe the growth, development, flowering of plants and learn how to care for them. Decorate the kindergarten pansies, seated on a wide ridge in 3-4 rows. The result is a beautiful colorful carpet that always attracts the attention of children.
Ask them to guess by the color of the bud which flower will bloom. After some time, the children check their guesses.
Tulips and daffodils bloom early and are planted as bulbs in the fall. Behind them bloom iris, poppy, delphinium, phlox, and lilies.
Offer to describe plants and compare them by stem height, leaves, flower shape and color. Tell and show as you work that the above-ground parts of perennial plants die off during the winter and grow back in the spring. Some herbaceous plants retain their bulbs and rhizomes in the ground during winter.
Gladioli bulbs and dahlia tubers are dug up and stored in basements every autumn, and planted again in the spring.
When there are a lot of flowers, play the “Flower Shop” game with your children. The “seller” listens carefully to the “buyer,” who tells what plant he needs without naming it. The “seller” who guesses correctly becomes the “buyer”.
Walks in the forest. Visit the forest with your children in the midst of spring, preferably at the end of May. Notice the beauty spring forest: the fresh greenness of young grass and foliage, the brightness of sunlight in the clearings, the chirping of birds, the aroma of the air, the beauty of spring flowers in the grass.
Consider maple, birch, oak, and bird cherry at the moment of their flowering. Find violet and lily of the valley. Admire them, breathe in the aroma. Read the already familiar poem by E. Serova “Lily of the Valley”:
Lily of the valley was born on a May day,
And the forest protects him.
It seems to me: his ass,
It will ring quietly.
And the meadow will hear this ringing,
And birds, and flowers...
Let's listen
But what if
Shall we hear - me and you?
Consider how strawberries and blueberries bloom. Before leaving the forest, stand in a forest clearing and listen to the forest sounds. Read the poem by N. A. Nekrasov “Green Noise”:
The Green Noise goes on and on,
Green Noise, spring Noise!..
Playfully, disperses
Suddenly a riding wind:
The alder bushes will shake,
Will raise flower dust,
Like a cloud; everything is green -
Both air and water!
Green noise goes on and on,
Green noise, spring noise!
Like drenched in milk,
There are cherry orchards,
They make a quiet noise;
Warmed by the warm sun,
Happy people making noise
Pine forests;
And next to it is new greenery
They babble a new song
And the pale-leaved linden,
And a white birch tree
With a green braid!
A small reed makes noise,
The tall maple tree is noisy...
They make a new noise
In a new, spring way...
The Green Noise goes on and on,
Green Noise, spring noise!
Try to visit the forest with your children more often, to note changes in the life of plants, insects and birds. There is a lot of interesting things in nature, so you should not take a variety of toys; It’s better to take balls, jumping ropes, baskets or boxes for collecting forest finds.

People's work

In the parks, watch the spring work. Gardeners are rushing to prepare everything for people to relax: planting flowers in flower beds and garden beds, planting trees and shrubs. Ask what the gardener will plant near the gazebos to provide shade. (Beans, morning glory (gramophones), wild grapes.)
Admire the even rows of seedlings: there will be a beautiful alley here. A linden tree was planted near the reading room; its crown is like a tent. When the linden tree grows, it will provide a lot of shade. Read the poem “Green City” by P. Voronko to the children:
We will plant birch and maple trees -
The city will be elegant and green.
We will plant poplars in rows -
Our squares will become gardens...
Soviet children love greens,
They love our trees in bloom.
Let it bloom more and more beautiful every hour
Our young fatherland!
Say that every person who loves his native country tries to decorate his city with trees and flowers.
Inspect the trees and shrubs in your area before sap begins to flow and remove damaged and dry branches. Now the children will watch the buds swell and wait for the leaves to appear. They will see that the leaves bloom at different times: aspen, maple, poplar first bloom, and then their leaves appear; birch blooms simultaneously with the leaves blooming, and linden much later.
Work in the garden begins: sowing early vegetable plants (carrots, dill, parsley) and planting onions on greens.

Wildlife observations

Insects. Draw the children's attention to the appearance of a large number of insects. Tell them that they eat mostly plant foods.
Children notice mosquitoes flying overhead. These are pusher mosquitoes. Tell them they are happy about the sun. There is a folk sign: tolkuns dance in the air - a sign of good weather. Butterflies appear: motley - urticaria, dark - mourning and lemon yellow - lemongrass.
Offer to look carefully at the birch trunk. There sits a butterfly, its wings folded in a “house,” the color of which is difficult to distinguish from birch bark. This is a snow leaf roller. In the summer, the children saw its caterpillars - yellow with a white stripe on the back. They wrap themselves in birch leaves, twisting them into a tube, after which the leaves wither.
Notice the appearance of the first flies. Still sleepy, they sit on the fence. Beetles crawled out from somewhere. Everyone wakes up, everyone basks in the spring sun.
Birds. Birds feel spring too. Sparrows chirp loudly and jump in whole flocks. Read the story “Sparrow” by E. Charushin to the children. Offer to observe what sparrows carry in their beaks. Taking a closer look, the guys see that the birds are collecting fluff and pieces of cotton wool, and they guess: sparrows make nests to lay eggs and hatch chicks.
Invite the children to help the sparrows: let them put not only food on the feeder, but also scraps of warm material, woolen threads, and cotton wool. The sparrows take it all away, and the children are happy: now the chicks will be warm.
Conclude that the rest of the birds also flew into the forests to build nests.
Our travelers will soon return home from distant countries. Remember that birds do not build nests in foreign lands, but raise their chicks in their homeland.
It’s noisy in the school workshops where they prepare birdhouses for birds. Tell us that birdhouses are made of wood without a single crack, otherwise birds will not settle in them: the chicks cannot tolerate drafts and die. The boards are planed only on the outside; the inside remains rough to make it easier for the birds to get out. The roof must be freely removable. A little sawdust is poured into the bottom of the birdhouse.
In the senior group, as in other groups, a matinee is held at the end of March, dedicated to the Day birds. At the matinee, children sing about birds, read poems, dance in circles, and then go to the site and install birdhouses.
They are looking forward to their first guests. These are, of course, rooks.
Watch them, ask what benefits the rooks bring.
Soon the starlings appear. They busily check the birdhouses and, if they like them, immediately populate them. Starlings love to sing while sitting near a birdhouse on a tree. They sing selflessly, rolling their eyes and fluttering their wings. Invite them to listen, and, to their surprise, the children will hear many familiar sounds in their song.
Remember the riddle:
There is a palace on the pole,
There is a singer in the palace.
And his name is...
(Starling.)
When considering the appearance of the starling, pay attention to its long and thin beak, which is convenient for selecting pests of gardens, gardens and forests from the ground and trees. Everywhere the starling is a welcome guest!
At the beginning of April, the larks arrive. It's hard to imagine spring without their singing. Go with your children to a meadow or the outskirts of a city. In the silence you will hear iridescent, cheerful sounds. Look at the sky: high, high you will see a shiny point. It's the lark singing.
Read the poem by V. A. Zhukovsky “Lark”:
In the sun the dark forest glowed,
In the valley thin steam whitens,
And he sang an early song
In the azure the lark is ringing.
He is vociferous from above
Sings, sparkling in the sun:
“Spring has come to us young,
Here I sing the coming of spring...”
Tell us that larks collect grains and fallen weed seeds in thawed areas. The lark itself is inconspicuous, its plumage is variegated: from yellowish to light brown. Beak average size. It uses it to peck both insects and grain.
Listen to how noisy it has become in the park. It's the birds chirping and whistling. Children recognize the finch by its bright plumage. Its back is darkish brown, its tail is black with white spots, its chest and top part the abdomen is brownish-red, the head is grayish-blue, the forehead is black.
Finches live in forests and orchards and collect a large number of insects, because their chicks are fed only with soft food. Finches are very shy. If a person touches the nest, the finch throws it away along with the chicks. Therefore, you need to be very careful.
It does not take root in captivity. Tell children that it is forbidden to hunt birds, destroy their nests and destroy chicks.
Walks to the pond. Show the children that life appeared in water. Visit the pond with them. The water is calm, and schools of small fish swim in it. These are fry that have hatched from eggs and live independently. Off the coast of Vrda it had already warmed up - they swam out into the sun. Feed the fry crumbs and watch how they eat.
Listen to the croaking of frogs. If possible, examine the eggs. Tell them that they will hatch into tadpoles. Invite the children to play on the beach with sand. Ask why he is so clean. Before leaving, admire the spring river, greenery, swifts, swallows that have flown home to their homeland; read A. Pleshcheev’s poem “Rural Song”:
The grass is turning green
The sun is shining
Swallow with spring
It flies towards us in the canopy.
Chirp out of the way
Greetings to us soon!
With her the sun is more beautiful
And spring is sweeter...
I'll give you grains
And you sing a song,
What from distant countries
I brought with me...
Wild and domestic animals. Talk with the children about how animals live in the forest in the spring. The snow melts, all the animals wake up and begin to wander in search of food. Remember which animals were helped by their fur color to hide in winter? This is a hare and a squirrel. In winter, the hare was white and the squirrel was gray.
Ask if the coat color is still the same in the spring when the snow melts. The children answer that the hare will become gray again - the color of the earth, and the red squirrel - the color of the pine trunks where it loves to live. Tell us that animals are now molting: thick winter wool falls out, and sparse summer wool grows. This is how animals adapt. In the north, where it is cold, animal fur does not shed.
In spring, many animals give birth to babies. On every walk, talk about some animal, about its life in the spring. Messages should be short and interesting. For example:
“The hare has cubs. The bunnies were born sighted and fluffy. Mom fed them milk and galloped off; She will not come to them anymore, so as not to attract enemies to the bunnies with her smell. The little bunnies are sitting quietly under a bush, not going anywhere. Another hare will gallop past them, stop and feed them milk. The milk is full fat and very filling. The bunnies will sit in one place for a few more days, and then they themselves will begin to eat the young grass. These are how independent the bunnies are!”
“In a deep dark hole the fox had cubs. When they are a little older, she will take them out into the sun, and they will play and bark like dogs.”
“A squirrel gives birth to 3-5 baby squirrels. They are blind, helpless, and only after a month they begin to see.”
“The mother bear with her cubs leaves the den and accustoms them to independent life: she teaches them to get plant roots, find berries, the first mushrooms, insects and their larvae.”
When talking about the life of animals in the spring, emphasize that people protect all young animals; hunting animals in the spring is strictly prohibited.
Domestic animals also give birth to babies in the spring. Look at kittens and puppies, watch how they play, how their mother feeds them milk. Pay attention to the kittens' habits. They are still small, but they already know how to sneak up on a crawling beetle, jump, grab it with their paw, extend their claws, and arch their backs. Kittens are born with these habits, since all cats hunt mice and their bodies have adapted to this type of food acquisition.
Read to children K. D. Ushinsky’s stories about animals: “Bishka”, “Cockerel with his family”, “Vaska”, “Chicken and Ducklings”, “Fox Patrikeevna”, “Cow”, “Horse”.

Working with the calendar

At the beginning of June, look at the pictures in the nature calendar with your children, remember the characteristic signs of spring and talk about them. After looking at the calendar, conclude with your children that in spring the sun warms the air and soil, revitalizing nature. Make a riddle and let the children explain it:
The snow is melting,
The meadow came to life
The day is coming -
When does this happen?
(In spring.)

Observations of inanimate nature phenomena

Sun. The children note that it has become very warm, they walk around in their shorts, and during the day they put panama hats on their heads. Please note that at noon the sun is high above your head and there is absolutely no shadow from the pillar, but in the morning and evening the shadows are long. Offer to touch rocks and metal objects in the morning and afternoon, and explain why the rocks get so hot in the evening.
Pay attention to the plants in the vegetable garden and flower garden: in the morning they are fresh and resilient; drooping during the day, and rise again in the evening. Let the children touch the soil in the morning, afternoon, evening and say when it is warmer. The water also heats up during the day. The days get longer and it gets dark late. It gradually gets hotter and hotter. No wonder they say that “the sun is burning.” Only in August the heat subsides slightly.
Rain and thunderstorms. It often rains in summer. As you observe, notice that the rain is warm and coarse. If a strong wind blows, the rain will fall obliquely. Ask the children if rain is good for plants. Observe indoor plants exposed to the rain, as well as plants in the garden, vegetable garden and field after the rain. Plants straighten and become fresh. Read the poem “Rain” by E. Trutneva:
Rain, rain, more
Through flowering meadows.
Rain, rain, rain all day
For oats and barley.
Let the green wheat
It will start to sprout soon.
Rain, rain, water -
There will be a loaf of bread,
There will be rolls, there will be baked goods,
There will be delicious cheesecakes.
Thunderstorms often occur in midsummer. Tell him that if a person is caught in a thunderstorm, he needs to get to some kind of shelter, but he cannot stand under a tree. Explain why.
Watch the storm approach. The sky is covered with heavy, dark clouds. The rising wind shakes the trees violently. Everything around is gradually getting darker. Birds fly screaming, rushing to take cover. Lightning flashes in the distance and thunder roars. And then the first heavy drops of rain hit the roof. Draw the children's attention to how everything has changed around: what the sky is like, how the lightning sparkles, how the thunder rumbles.
When strong rumbles of thunder are heard, say joke sayings: “No matter how the thunder thunders, everything will be silent,” “The cloud is flying, but the rain is a runner,” “And a thunderstorm is not formidable for everyone.”
Nature after a thunderstorm is even more beautiful. The sun is shining dazzlingly. Washed trees and grass are strewn with sparkling drops. Shake the twig and let large warm drops of rain splash on the children. And what wonderful air!
Sometimes after the rain a rainbow appears. Invite the children to say which colors they recognize and in what order. Explain that the arrangement and number of colors in a rainbow are always the same.
Read the poem by S. Yeast on “The First Thunder”:
The first thunder thundered
The cloud has passed
The pure moisture of the rain
The grass has filled up.
Covered the entire distance
Rainbow arc,
A ray of sunshine splashed
Bright above the ground.
Ask your children what signs of an approaching thunderstorm they know. A thunderstorm happens on a hot day. Before a thunderstorm, the wind calms down and it becomes stuffy. The sun before a thunderstorm is always cloudy, as if covered with a veil. The clouds merge together into a dark mass, and their edges blur.
The forest becomes silent, the birds stop singing, and swallows and swifts begin to chirp sharply and fly low above the ground. The moisture in the air makes the wings of insects heavier and they fall down, so birds catch them near the ground.

Observations of the flora

Walks in the forest. Try to visit the forest more often. From a distance, show the children its edge. Tell us about the trees found in the forest.
Linden. Let me smell the inconspicuous yellowish linden flowers. Ask why there are a lot of bees hovering around the tree. Sit under a linden tree - let the children enjoy the copper aroma of its flowers and the cool shade. Remember P. Voronko’s poem “Lipka”.
Oak. Invite the children to look for an oak tree in the forest. Consider its trunk and branches. The oak crown is wide. The leaves are hard and very beautifully shaped. Tiny acorns peek out from underneath them. Say that the oak root branches greatly and goes deep into the ground. The tree sits firmly, it is not afraid even of hurricanes. The oak is called the mighty hero of the forest because it is beautiful and very strong.
Find an oak tree growing in the open and compare it to an oak tree in the forest. In open spaces, the oak tree is more spreading and has more foliage. Conclude with your children that oak is a light-loving plant.
Oak is a very useful tree, as furniture, carriages, steamships, and parts of buildings are made from its wood. Medicine is made from the bark, coffee is made from acorns. Some animals and birds, such as jays, feed on acorns.
There is always a lot of young growth near the oak tree. Dig up one oak tree, watch it grow from an acorn, and plant it in the kindergarten plot. Look at last year's fallen acorns: they are dark, swollen, some are cracked near the top, and a white embryo peeks out from there.
Birch. Entering the birch grove, admire the light and cleanliness with your children. The foliage rustles overhead, pierced by the rays of the sun. It's easy to breathe here. Tell the children that birch is especially dear to our people. She is smart and beautiful. She is called the white-trunked birch tree, a Russian beauty.
Many poems, songs, and fairy tales are dedicated to the birch tree. Consider the tree. Below, the birch trunk is dark, and dark spots are scattered across the white bark. The leaves are triangular in shape with serrated ends. On the birch you can see catkins with seeds that ripen in late spring and fall in the summer.
It is interesting to look at a tiny birch seed through a magnifying glass. It is equipped with two transparent wings, and children will be surprised that such a tiny nut will grow into a large tree. There is always a lot of growth near the birch tree. One tree can be transplanted to the kindergarten plot.
Birch is very useful. Its wood is used to make plywood, furniture, and skis. Birch firewood is considered a valuable fuel. Birch buds love forest birds. Medicine is made from the buds, yellow and green paints are made from the leaves. You can make various crafts from the bark: baskets, boxes.
Sitting in the forest under a birch tree, sing with the children the folk song “There was a birch tree in the field.”
Aspen. Aspen trees often grow next to birch trees. These are tall slender trees with greenish-olive smooth bark. Children know the autumn leaves of aspen very well - round, bright red, but now they are gray-green, smooth. Examine the leaf and petiole with the children. The petioles are long, flattened at the top, and thin in the middle, so they are unstable and flutter at the slightest wind. Hence the proverb: “Trembles like an aspen leaf.”
Consider aspen catkins with seeds. They resemble furry caterpillars. The wind carries aspen seeds over long distances. Show the seeds through a magnifying glass, they are very beautiful. Each seed is small, yellowish-gray, equipped with hairs that surround it like an open fan. These hairs help them fly in the wind.
Tell the children that aspen is very light-loving and is not afraid of frost. It grows in fertile, moist soil. You will not find aspen on sandy soil. Aspen is beautiful, which is why it is planted in parks. Various things are made from its wood: shovels, barrels, etc. Moose and hares love to gnaw on aspen bark.
Pine. Pine trunks rise high into the sky. Their green coniferous caps curl up high above. Pine needles are long, hard, bluish-green in color. In pine forests the air is especially clean and smells of resin. There are fallen pine needles everywhere on the ground. Wood grouse - large forest birds - feed on it. Now wood grouse are caught and resettled in the forests so that there are more of them.
Pine is unpretentious: it grows on poor sandy soils, loves light and fresh air. Musical instruments are made from its wood: violins, guitars. Houses are built from pine logs.
After observations, read I. Tokmakova’s poem “Pines”:
The pines want to grow to the sky,
They want to sweep the sky with branches,
So that within a year
The weather was clear.
Read S. Marshak’s poem “Where did the table come from?” to the children.
Spruce. Spruce usually grows in damp places. It loves shade, so its branches last a long time. Even close to the ground, the old branches are all covered with needles. The bark of spruce is not very thick. If it is wounded, the resin flows out and seals the wound, so harmful bacteria do not enter and destroy the tree.
But spruce has weak roots: they develop at the very surface of the soil. A strong wind can uproot a spruce tree from the ground. In summer you can see beautiful red cones on spruce trees. Made from wood newsprint, cardboard.
There are also shrubs in the forests. Viburnum bushes are covered with wide leaves, and bees buzz around the fragrant white flowers. Viburnum is a medicinal plant. Small products are made from its wood.
Rowan is a very cheerful and elegant tree with beautiful feathery leaves. Rowan blooms with modest yellowish flowers collected in clusters. In autumn it is sprinkled with bright berries, but they are hard and tasteless, only in late autumn after frosts they become sweet. The berries are made into jam and collected to feed birds. Rowan berries are loved by black grouse, wood grouse, and hazel grouse. Furniture is made from wood.
If you walk along the ravines, you may come across an interesting juniper bush. Its lush bushes are covered with thick, hard needles. The wood smells like resin. In summer, bluish berries with a bluish waxy coating appear on it. Juniper grows in poor sandy soils. Small carpentry crafts are made from its wood: canes, stakes, handles for umbrellas, you can make small furniture. Juniper branches are very fragrant - they are put in pickles.
Mushrooms. Mushroom season has begun. Teach your children to pick mushrooms, tell them where they grow, how edible ones differ from inedible ones. In hot, dry summers, mushrooms grow poorly. And if the summer is warm and it rains often, there will be a lot of mushrooms.
Explain what parts a mushroom consists of. Show me the hat first. Spores form on the underside of the cap, which spill out from the ripe mushroom and are carried by the wind. As they germinate, they form a mycelium, from which mushrooms grow. Many mushrooms can grow from one mycelium, but to do this they need to be carefully cut and not pulled, so as not to damage the mycelium.
Mushrooms love shady, damp places, but not in the depths of the forest, but in clearings, forest edges, near abandoned roads, and along the edges of clearings. In our forests grow boletus, aspen, porcini mushrooms, boletus, saffron milk caps, chanterelles, russula, honey mushrooms, and milk mushrooms. These are all edible mushrooms.
Show the children the toadstools. The most poisonous mushrooms- fly agaric and toadstool. The fly agaric is bright and beautiful. The toadstool is light-colored, the lower end of the leg has a thickening, as if it were inserted into a pot. Explain to children that they should not knock down or trample poisonous mushrooms. They benefit trees, and moose are treated with fly agaric.
Pay attention to the beautiful shapes of mushrooms and their color. When showing edible mushrooms, emphasize their special features with excerpts from a poem by E. Trutneva. For example, about saffron milk cap:
Next to the needles
Saffron milk caps under the trees,
Not small, not big
And they lie like nickels.
Examine the colored russula, tell them that although they are called that, they cannot be eaten raw. Boletuses are very beautiful: slender, strong, as if carved from wood.
Under the aspen trees on a hummock -
Mushroom in a raspberry scarf,
Call him boletus.
And it will have to be taken.
Porcini mushrooms are more often found under young trees:
Here is a boletus mushroom.
He is both beautiful and great!
In a thick hat on one side,
The leg is as strong as a stump.
Chanterelles are visible from afar: they are like yellow flowers in the emerald grass. Their leg widens upward and resembles a gramophone trumpet. Chanterelles are rarely wormy; they are always clean and strong.
Closer to autumn, honey mushrooms appear. They are easy to collect: they are visible everywhere. Teach children to distinguish a real honey mushroom from a false one. Edible honey fungus modestly colored: light brown, grayish cap with scales, on the stem there is a ring similar to a cuff. The false honey fungus is loudly colored: its cap is green-yellow, reddish in the middle, there are no scales or cuff on the stem.
Tell children that some edible mushrooms are grown artificially, such as champignons. The mycelium is planted in old greenhouses and greenhouses. The champignon cap is white, round, covered with a film at the bottom, under which, like an accordion, there are thin white and pink plates.
In clearings. Show plants in clearings, among stumps, in the bright sun; strawberries bloom profusely with white stars. Soon children will often visit this place, armed with baskets.
Teach your children to carefully pick only ripe berries so as not to crush the leaves or break the branches. Pick berries collectively, and when you come to kindergarten, divide them among everyone.
And what are these high crimson peaks? Be sure to introduce this plant to your children. This is fireweed, or fireweed. The plant is colorful, crimson flowers generously shower the entire bush. Children will see a lot of bees and bumblebees. Tell us in what soil it can grow.
If there is a fire in the forest, all the vegetation burns, leaving only coal and ash. In such a fire, nothing grows, and suddenly fireweed begins to grow. It grows quickly because it has very long horizontal rhizomes with many buds. It is warm in the fireweed thickets: it holds back the cold wind and other herbs begin to grow around it.
Fireweed is very useful. The children themselves saw a lot of bees and bumblebees on its flowers. It produces abundant nectar. Droplets of light liquid can be seen at the base of the petals. Tell the children that fireweed honey is completely clear, like water. Its leaves are used to make salad, and they are also dried and brewed as tea.
Show the children also fruit-pods with seeds equipped with white hairs. There are few seeds in the box.
Fireweed is a very common plant. He can be found on the slopes railways, on the edges of forests, in meadows. These wonderful plants with their roots strengthen embankments, banks, field ditches, ravines and beautifully landscape collective farm apiaries.
At the edge of the forest there are bluebells and daisies. Consider them. Remember what large daisies grow in the kindergarten area. It was flower lovers who grew them from smaller forest flowers.
An interesting plant has a beautiful red flower, the stem of which seems to be smeared with some kind of black glue. This is tar. It secretes a sticky substance resembling resin. Crawling insects cannot reach its flowers. They are visited only by flying insects: bees, bumblebees, butterflies.
And in the depths of the forest, Lyubka bifolia, or night violet, bloomed, a beautiful forest flower, which is even called the “northern orchid.” Graceful white with green tint The flowers are very fragrant, and in the evening their aroma becomes even stronger. If you pick it before it has bloomed and put it in a vase with water, it will gradually bloom and will not fade for a long time.
The lilies of the valley are being replaced by wintergreens with white, waxy flowers. The white flowers of the kupena are also beautiful. An interesting plant that has no flowers is the fern. Its leaves are called fronds. They are very reminiscent of delicate lace. What are these green snails near the fern roots? Looking closely, children will see that these are young leaves in the form of curls that do not unwind for a very long time.
Green moss grows on the ground in a forest, especially in a spruce forest. Review it with your children.
Please note that there are many white flowers in the forest. White color on a green background in a shady forest attracts insects. The leaves of these plants are large, thin, and tender; they are lighter than those that grow in the sun.
Walks in the meadow. Arriving at the meadow, the children seem to find themselves in summer holiday. The sun is shining brightly, the colorful palette of colors is dazzling. Bees buzzing, grasshoppers chirping. Children love to run and jump among the flowers. Give them this opportunity. Next, consider the vegetation of the meadow.
There are many bright yellow buttercups in the meadow. Yarrow baskets are turning white everywhere. It has straight, rigid stems and leaves cut into numerous lobules. The plant smells nice. It's medicinal.
Red spots flash - wild carnation. Yellow dandelions are visible everywhere. You can use them to find out the time. Dandelions open their baskets at six o'clock in the morning; by three o'clock in the afternoon the inflorescence turns into a dense bud. You can predict the weather by looking at a dandelion: in cold and rainy weather the flowers do not open, protecting their pollen. Show the children plantain and bindweed, explain why they are called that.
The meadow forbs are decorated with honey plants: pink heads of clover and white fragrant clusters of sweet clover. Meadow grasses are given lushness by cereals.
Show the children the foxtail. This is the favorite food of animals. It got its name from the plume inflorescence, similar in shape and fluffiness to a fox tail. In bluegrass, the spikelets are collected in a panicle. Timothy grass is similar to foxtail, but its crown is firm. There are quite a lot of cereals in the meadow. They serve as good feed for livestock.
After observing, conclude that these colorful plants love the sun and grow in open areas.
Read the poem “Flowers” ​​by V. Donnikova:
Flowers of the field are simple,
But there is fragrant honey hidden in them.
We love simple flowers
That grew in pure greenery.
We'll pick a golden buttercup
And pink honey clover,
We are in the dense green forest
Let's find a purple bell.
Children have favorite places in the meadow, on the field, by the stream, where they willingly play. It’s good to turn these corners into blooming ones. Draw the children's attention to small pebbles, fragments of branches, and dried grass. Offer to collect all this into piles with a rake, pour some earth onto the cleared area and plant it with any forest and field plants.
Plants with creeping stems are especially picturesque. This is ivy-shaped budra with round leaves and blue-violet flowers, meadow tea with delicate leaves and yellow flowers.
They are unpretentious - they will grow quickly and beautifully entwine stones. Moisture from rain lingers in them for a long time and will give life to plant roots. Chamomiles, Ivan da Marya, etc. can grow here.
Walks on the field. Admire the expanse of the field, golden in the sun. Consider the thin and long stems with ears at the end. Compare them with the grasses growing in the meadow: foxtail, bluegrass. Tell the children that in the meadow, cereals grow and seed themselves; no one sows them, but in the field, cereals are called grain crops. They are sown with selected grain. Show us what crops grow here.
Farmers worked very hard to grow such tall and abundant rye. It is sown in autumn in well-cultivated soil. Look at the ears: each of them contains a lot of heavy grains. If you crush the grain, children will see a white mass.
Walks to the pond. Look how dense the vegetation is on the shore. Here you will see alder, which loves to grow in damp places. Children recognize the tree by its dark brown trunk with cracks, dark green leaves and small round cones that look like wood.
Under the alder you can see the Ivan-da-Maryu plant, which used to be found in the forest. But there the plant was weak and pale, but here it is lush, the flowers are very bright. Dig it up and show the children the short and weak roots with which it attaches itself to the roots of the tree and takes away its share of nutrients.
On the shore, the children will see a willow tree. It spread out like a tent, and the pointed silver leaves completely bent towards the water, as if looking in a mirror. Craftsmen weave baskets from flexible willow branches, make hoops and furniture. Remember how many bees hovered over the willow flowers in the spring. Why?
Pay attention to the grass that has grown thickly near the shore. She is so green and juicy! Why is this? Let the children look at the soil near the shore and compare it with the soil in the meadow. The soil near the pond is moist, which is why plants develop so well. Among the grass near the shore, the children will see blue forget-me-nots and yellow buttercup flowers.
Sedge and susak also grow here, and closer to the water - reeds and reeds, they are often confused. Take a good look at them so that children learn to distinguish these plants.
The reed is very tall. In winter, the stems and leaves of the reed die, and in the spring new shoots grow from the rhizomes. The leaves of the reed are wide and linear. When the wind blows, they turn with the wind, like a weather vane, and therefore do not break. High above, the flowers are collected in a panicle inflorescence.
Reeds also form thickets. Its stem is straight, smooth, dark green, hollow. Leaves in small quantity at the top of the stem they form an involucre around the inflorescence. The main leaf is a continuation of the stem, and the inflorescence is formed from the side. Please pay attention to the children that the lower parts of both plants are already immersed in water.
Where the river becomes deeper, the beautiful white water lily and yellow water lily grow, the leaves of which float on the surface of the water. Introduce children to hornwort and elodea. Hornwort has no roots, it floats freely, growing strongly in the summer. It has highly branched stems covered with leaves resembling deer antlers. Elodea has roots and wider leaves.
Take with you a part of the stem of hornwort and elodea for the aquarium. Plant elodea in the sand and it will quickly take root.
Children know that the green carpet on the surface of a pond is made up of tiny plants - duckweed. Examine it under a magnifying glass: at the ends of the roots you can see caps that keep the plant in balance, preventing it from turning over. Show the children an interesting arrowhead plant. Its leaves look like arrows. The arrowhead can live not only on land, but also under water. Then the leaves change, become long and stretch like ribbons, meandering along the flow of water.
Before leaving the forest, park or other walking areas, teach your children to put everything in order. At the same time, express your satisfaction: “How well you cleaned up everything in the clearing! How nice it will be for people to come here and relax!” This is how children gradually develop a concern for nature conservation.
Roadside plants. Draw children's attention to interesting plants growing along the roads.
Shepherd's purse. The children saw it in the spring as a small, inconspicuous grass, but now it stands by the road with triangular “bags” filled with seeds.
Nettle. Everyone knows the evil nettle. This medicinal herb. Read S. Yesenin’s poem “Good Morning”:
The sleepy birch trees smiled,
Silk braids were disheveled.
Green earrings rustle
And the silver dews burn.
The fence is overgrown with nettles
Dressed in bright mother of pearl
And, swaying, whispers playfully:
"Good morning!"
Wormwood is a plant with silvery, cut-out leaves. She is not afraid of either heat or cold, she is always thick and powerful. Its flowers are inconspicuous, small, collected in pale green baskets, they can only be viewed with a magnifying glass. Wormwood has a bitter taste. When dried, the bitterness disappears, and animals eat it well. Medicine is made from wormwood.
Tansy. A plant with a tall, straight stem, studded with dissected leaves. Has a strong smell. At the top there is a bright yellow flat shield. Tansy is called wild rowan because its leaves resemble those of rowan.
The leaves have an interesting feature: they are directed from north to south and thus can serve as a compass. Tansy is also a medicinal plant.
Children recognize plantain by its wide, rounded leaves on long petioles with a flower arrow and a spikelet inflorescence. There are also basal leaves in the form of a rosette. Plantain is very healing. More than once you have applied plantain leaves to scratches, cuts or burns. In autumn, sticky seeds fall out of the tight spikelets of the plantain, which, along with pieces of earth, stick to the feet of people and the hooves of animals and are thus spread.
Chicory. Blue inflorescences delight the eye. Early in the morning they open towards the sun, and during the day they close.
After repeated observations of plant life, conclude that plants grow on certain places, under certain conditions. Some love the sun, others love the shade, some love wet soil, others - dry.
Knowledge needs to be consolidated in the game “What Grows Where”. The teacher, throwing the ball, says: “Forest”, “Meadow”, etc. Children name the plants growing there. Second game "Guess where I was." The teacher names a plant or berry. Children answer: “In the garden”, “In the forest”. There is a lotto “What grows where”. Large paintings depict places where plants grow - a forest, a meadow, a vegetable garden, a river. Children match them with small cards with pictures of plants.
Make albums from dried plants: “Plants of our forest”, “Plants of the meadow”, “Plants on the roads”, “Plants of our stream”.
Teach children to sketch what they like from life flowering plant. Let the drawing be a little similar at first, but after you pay attention to the characteristic features of this plant, the child will be more attentive.

Wildlife observations

Insects. Children always watch the life of insects with interest. First of all, their attention is attracted by beetles. Many children know from a young age.
The click beetle is interesting. It has an elongated dark body and short legs. Having fallen on his back, he can hardly get up. Watch with your children as he arches his back and flips over with a click. Show off the shiny, beautiful beetles with a metallic sheen. These are goldfish. On cloudy days they sit motionless in cracks in the bark or on a dry tree. As soon as the sun warms up, they perk up, run along the heated bark, take off and land again.
Weevils, or elephant weevils, are interesting. These are small beetles, their head is retracted into the rostrum and resembles a miniature proboscis. When examining beetles, note the characteristic structure of their body: on the wings there are hard outgrowths - elytra that cover the membranous wings; they have antennae and six legs. Let the children observe what beetles eat: they destroy the remains of plants and insects.
Consider the ground beetle, which sits under rocks during the day and comes out at night to hunt for insects and worms.
Watch how beautifully, silently butterflies flutter over a flowering meadow. In ancient times, people believed that butterflies evolved from flowers that broke away from plants. Offer to look at their appearance, body parts, and find out what they eat.
Children will tell you that butterflies vary in size and color of their wings. They have two pairs of wings. They are covered with colored scales. There are butterflies with transparent wings - glass butterflies. The scales on the wings are very delicate and can be erased with a light touch.
Butterflies, like beetles, have six legs, with the help of which they hold on to flowers well and move along them. They have antennae and a proboscis curled into a spiral. Sitting on a flower, the butterfly unfolds its proboscis, lowers it inside the flower and drinks liquid juice - nectar.
Tell the children that butterflies carry pollen when they fly from one plant to another. Pollinated plants will produce more seeds.
White butterflies are very common. They have white wings with spots of different colors. The largest of them is the cabbage white. The tips of its forewings are black and its lower wings are yellowish.
Whites can often be seen flying over vegetable plants - cabbage, turnips, radishes. What are they looking for? After all, there are no flowers there.
Show the children the bottom of a cabbage leaf after the cabbage white has been flying around here. Children will see on the sheet the eggs that she laid. Take this leaf and place it in the insectarium.
After some time, butterfly larvae, called caterpillars, will hatch from the eggs. They are bluish-green in color with three yellow longitudinal stripes and black dots. The caterpillars will gnaw greedily cabbage leaf, and soon only large veins will be left of it.
Swellings sometimes appear on the leaves and stems of lilacs. Lilac moth caterpillars live in them. This way, children can clearly see the damage caterpillars cause to plants.
pay attention to a large number of birds flying in summer in places where insects gather. Birds bring great benefit to people, saving the vegetation of our forests, fields, vegetable gardens and orchards from voracious pests.
Birds. Look at the swallows' nest above the windows, quite large, skillfully sculpted from clay. Remember the proverb: “In a nest there are eggs and birds will hatch.” Watch how swallows often fly to the nest with insects in their beaks. Birds take great care of their chicks. Ask what benefits do swallows provide?
Compare swallows with swifts. Swifts are larger and their plumage is darker. With a whistle, they cut through the air with their wings, catching insects, and swiftly fly into their nests. Tell the children that the swift only eats insects that fly. He destroys them in very large numbers.
Swifts do not build nests. They find places in the cracks of a tall building, carry blades of grass and feathers there, which they catch in the air. The swift's legs are short and weak, and it is not adapted to walking on the ground. In addition, his long wings hinder him.
Children already know how sparrows build nests. Tell them that sparrows hatch chicks several times during the summer. Ask why the forest has become much quieter during the day than in the spring. Tell me how far birds sometimes have to fly to feed.
Listen to the cuckoo calling. This is a cautious bird and is not easy to see. The cuckoo is scolded for throwing its eggs into the nests of other birds, which are then raised by the cuckoo: fed, taught to fly.
The fact is that the cuckoo does not lay many small eggs all at once, but gradually, almost throughout the summer; therefore, she cannot hatch the chicks herself. Having laid an egg, the cuckoo takes it in its beak and places it in the nests of other birds.
Birds do not notice deception. But the cuckoo is very useful. It feeds on such harmful furry caterpillars that no bird pecks. There are many songs and poems written about the cuckoo. Read the poem “Cuckoo” by L. Nekrasova to the children:
The edge is flooded with sunshine,
The summer day has flared up,
And the naughty cuckoo
Cook sat down in the shade.
Nobody knows where she is
Which one is the bitch sitting on?
Plays hide and seek with the sun
And shouts to him: coo-coo!
Most birds make nests in trees, trying to make them invisible. For example, a finch's nest looks like a simple growth on a tree limb - it is very difficult to find. The oriole's nest looks like a beautiful bag that hangs between the branches far from the trunk, in the forks of the branches.
Try to show your children the oriole, although it is very cautious and difficult to see. But you can hear singing: it is a melodic tune, similar to the sound of a wooden pipe. The oriole is the most elegant bird in our forests. Its bright yellow and black plumage stands out against the background of the densely leafed old trees where it lives.
Some birds hatch their chicks in hollows and other shelters, for example woodpeckers, owls, hoopoes, etc. Sometimes you can find nests not high from the ground. In dense young fir trees, in junipers, warblers live on stumps, in the forest flycatcher chicks squeak on fallen trees. Just under your feet, on the ground, in holes, buntings, lapwings, wagtails, and seagulls make their nests.
An interesting ball of twigs can be seen on bushes and trees in dense thickets of a young forest. It was a magpie who made a nest. She has built a canopy on top and flies into it from the side.
But wherever the nest is, the future defenders of our forests and fields are sitting and waiting for food. Take care of them.
Sometimes in the forest you can find a chick that has fallen from the nest. Usually children ask to take him to the group. Explain that naked, blind, it will be difficult to feed him. Therefore, it is better to try to find a nest and put it there or place the chick closer to the tree where the nest is located, telling the children that the birds will take care of it.
A fledgling chick that is already trying to fly can be taken. But remember that it must be fed with soft insects and very often. The easiest ways to feed chicks are magpies and crows.
Passing by the hollow where the whirligig lives, you can hear a hiss and see the bird's head on a long neck, wriggling like a snake. The bird does all this on purpose to divert attention from the nest where the chicks are sitting.
Birds are afraid that someone might hurt their children. Parental love birds are very strong. In case of danger, they are even ready to sacrifice themselves.
In the evening, invite the children to listen to the birds getting ready for bed. The chicks are comfortable in warm nests under the soft wing of their mother. Listen to the singing of the nightingale, a small, inconspicuous gray bird. You must stand quietly so as not to disturb the silence of the evening forest. Children are usually amazed to hear the beautiful, varied, powerful sounds of the night singer.
And how interesting it is to watch how a mother teaches grown-up chicks to fly!
During the day the forest is quiet, but this silence is deceptive. All living things lay low and hid. To observe animals, suggest playing Forest Scouts. The children will observe and then tell what they saw.
Read the story by V. Bianchi “Who Lives Where” (“The Four Seasons”).
Walk in the pasture. It's good to go to the pasture with the children in the morning. The grass is sprinkled with dew shining in the sun. Fresh air full of herbal scents. A herd grazes in the distance. Animals wander through the meadow and greedily nibble the grass. The morning is cool, they are not bothered by flies, horseflies and other insects.
Get up close and see how the animals eat grass. The cow grabs it with her tongue, then jerks her head and tears it off. The cow is calm, inactive, she has never had to get food for herself: it is always under her feet.
The cow has a long, wide body with swollen sides. The legs are short, the tail resembles a whisk - it uses it to drive away insects. The large head has horns that are curved inward.
The cow hears well - she has big ears. A cow has a developed sense of smell: it can distinguish edible from inedible food by smell. Ask the children what benefits this animal brings.
There may be goats with kids in the herd. They are small, their body is covered with long and thick hair. Goats are very agile: they run and jump well, and can climb steep mountains. Look at their legs: tall, slender, with hooves. On the head are ears, sharp horns, and a beard. Ask how a goat is useful.
Children like sheep. They walk slowly and nibble grass, and in times of danger they can run very quickly. They, like goats, have hooves, their legs are short but strong. Sheep are covered with thick wool, and lambs' wool is all curled, soft, silky. Tell them that sheep are sheared and their wool is used to make warm fabrics and knitted woolen items: mittens, leggings, socks.
Invite children to come up with riddles about domestic and wild animals, knowing their characteristic features. Ask the children what they feed livestock in winter.
Haymaking. On the eve of haymaking, look at the grass. Tell them that they will be mowed down tomorrow. If the grass becomes seeded and dries out in the hot sun, the stems will be hard and rough and animals will not eat the hay. Watch the mower at work as it cuts the grass.
After the grass is cut, it is dried in the sun, turning it over with a rake so that it dries evenly. Give small rakes to children - they will help rake the hay. Then the hay is stacked. Pay attention to the streamlined shape of the stack, say that this shape helps protect the hay from rain.
Walks to the pond. Children are interested in who lives in the water. In the older group, you can introduce its inhabitants in more detail.
Caddisfly. It is interesting to catch and show children a caddisfly larva. She has a very delicate, soft body. She lives in a tube house. The larva makes this house itself from different materials: either from multi-colored pebbles, or from needles, grass stems, or from the elytra of bright beetles.
The larva is in the house, sticking its head and six legs out of it. If the larva is carefully driven out of the house and beads are placed near it, it will quickly build a house of beads around itself.
Show me an adult caddisfly: it looks like a butterfly. In a calm state, the caddisfly folds its gray wings into a “house” and can be clearly seen. If children compare a butterfly and a caddisfly, they will notice that the butterfly has scales on its wings, while the caddisfly has hairs.
Eat interesting fish- stickleback. She stores the eggs in an underwater house made from plant remains the size of a fist. It has both an entrance and an exit. The father stickleback is very protective of the eggs. If anyone approaches the house, he immediately rushes and stabs with his needles.
When the fry appear, the father fish makes sure that they do not run away from home. The disobedient ones are caught in his mouth and dragged back.
After such a story, children will be interested in the fry. It is interesting to watch them frolic in the sun in shallow water. The fry are always busy with something: either they suck green leaves of algae, or they grab mosquitoes or moths that have fallen into the water. The fry have many enemies in the water: birds, beetles, and fish. And the kids hide in the seaweed.
There are insect nests above and below the water: they are very small. Examine them under a magnifying glass. Use a net to catch aquatic plants such as elodea and water moss. On them you will notice some transparent lumps, under which dark grains are visible. These are dragonfly eggs. You can see the nest of an underwater scorpion on the wing-shaped bract of the calliper. The pond beetle makes a nest in the stems of aquatic plants, littering them with its eggs.
You can always see wagtails on the shore. The birds very deftly run up to the water and grab young fish with their sharp beaks.
Consider pond snails. The pond snail's shell seems to be screwed in with a screw. The pond snail crawls along a stem or leaf, leaving a slimy trail. He has triangular tentacles on his head, which he moves in different sides. If you touch him with grass, he will immediately hide in his house. The pond fish feeds on plants: it rips off the surface of leaves like a grater.
The reel snail is not like the pond snail: it is flat, resembles a wheel, but its lifestyle is similar to the pond snail.
Swimming beetle. Its body is rounded in front and behind, flat on the sides. It swims quickly, paddling with its hairy legs. The front legs are different from the back ones: it’s as if sponges are glued to them. When the children have a good look at the beetle, talk about its habits. Swimming beetle - aquatic predator: he eats worms, snails, attacks fish and even newts that are larger than him. The front pair of legs with suckers serves to grasp prey.
The water beetle feeds on plants. It is bluish-black, with a wide and swollen back. The water lover swims slowly, alternately rowing with his right and then his left foot, as if he were walking. It has tiny claws on its legs, with which it climbs plant stems.
Both beetles come to the surface because they cannot live without air. After looking at the beetles individually, compare them. The children will conclude with you that the swimmer feeds on living creatures and everything is adapted for this, and the water lover feeds on plants: there are many of them around, there is nowhere to rush, there is no need to catch anyone, so his body structure is completely different.
Twirly. These bugs either jump above the surface of the water or sink under the water, catching small insects. The eyes of the spinner are divided into two parts: upper and lower. With the upper part, the beetle sees those insects that fly above the surface of the water or fall on the water, and with the lower part, those that are under water.
In July, the water warms up to the very bottom. It becomes cloudy - “blooms”. Large bodies of water are good for both plants and animals. If possible, show the children a water bird - the great grebes. She lives in reed thickets and feeds on fish. The Great Grebe is a poor flyer, but it swims well and dives for fish. It is interesting to see how the grebe chicks ride on her back, warm up and rest. They can swim and dive too.

Working with the calendar

At the beginning of autumn, review nature's summer calendar with your children and talk about summer phenomena using the content of children's drawings. Together with your children, remember the characteristic signs of summer and draw the necessary conclusions.
After viewing the calendar, the teacher asks you to guess the riddle: “The sun is baking, the linden tree is blooming, the rye is ripening. When does this happen? - and explain its meaning.

Lesson summary for children in the senior group of kindergarten

Topic: "Alone with nature."

teacher of the first qualification category Matveeva Marina Sergeevna. ANODO “Childhood Planet “Lada” kindergarten “Belochka” No. 176.
Purpose: Lesson for children of senior preschool age.
Target:
1. Formation of the ability to compose a descriptive story using pictures.
2. Clarify children’s ideas about the characteristic features of each season.
3. Formation of ideas about the regular repeatability of changes in the life of nature, from season to season.
4. Teach children to examine and examine objects of inanimate nature and draw conclusions.
Progress of the lesson:
We sit on the floor in a circle. Handout cards for children.
Educator: Guys, let's play the game “When does this happen?”
It's time for riddles.
Empty fields
The ground gets wet
The rain is pouring down
When does this happen?

Snow on the fields
Ice on the rivers
Blizzard is walking
When does this happen?

The snowball is melting
The meadow came to life
The day is coming
When does this happen

The sun is burning
Linden blossoms
The rye is ripening
When does this happen
Educator: Well done! Guys, guess the riddle: “White in winter, gray in summer.”
Children: This is a hare.
Educator: That's right, it's a bunny. And today he came to us to find out what we know about nature.
There is a diagram on the table, and the children have cards with signs for the seasons.
Let's start the story: Olya (on the card) - This is autumn. It rains in autumn. Puddles appeared. The sun shines less often in autumn. The weather is cloudy...
Children tell one after another, one starts, the second continues, the third finishes. So about every time of the year.
Educator: The entire nature of the Earth can be divided into two huge worlds: the inanimate world, the world of living nature. We have pictures on the table: the boys need to select an image of non-living nature, and the girls need to select an image of living nature and then explain how living nature differs from non-living nature (moves, grows, eats, breathes, reproduces). Let's check whether the pictures are chosen correctly: man, whale, dog, bird, elephant, tree, flower, hedgehog. They all eat, grow, breathe, so they are classified as living nature.
And the sun, clouds, rainbows, stones, soil, water are classified as inanimate nature, since they do not have the ability to grow, feed, or breathe. Well done guys, you completed the task.
Fizminutka:- Guys, please stand in a circle. The bunny will throw the ball to you, and you will return it with an answer.
-after winter comes...
-after summer...
-winter month...(answers from several children)
-summer month...(answers from several children)
-after Tuesday...
- a day, and then...
-night, and after it...
-weekend…
-migrant…
-wintering bird...(answers from several children)
- who hibernates during the winter... (answers from several children)
-Who arrives first in the spring...
-What bird doesn’t build its own nest...
-autumn month...(answers from several children)
- spring month... (answers from several children)
Educator: What natural phenomena do you know? (Wind, snow, rainbow, leaf fall, drops, ice drift, frost, dew, fog, icicles, drops, hail, rain, sun).
And which ones are only available in winter? In summer?
What types of clouds are there? (cumulus, cirrus, thunderstorm and rain)
Where does it rain and snow?
What is the name of the forest in which pine and spruce trees grow? What if there are trees? What if it's all together? (children's answers).
At the end of the lesson, the bunny asks: “Guys, let’s remember what we talked about today, what new things we learned.” He praises the children and gives medals with his image.

Software tasks:

To form in children ideas about the species characteristics of a group of animals - insects (diversity, distinctive features, movement, benefits), seasonal changes in their lives;

- (cotton swabs), creating object drawings.

Material and equipment: cap masks with images of insects, a model of a tree, a chest, 2 easels, a magnetic board, black gouache, cotton swabs, blanks for drawings with red ovals according to the number of children, audio recordings: “Sounds of nature. A Walk in the Forest”, “Song of Friends” (lyrics by S. Mikhalkov, music by M. Starokadomsky), “Ladybug” (lyrics by K. Kostin, music by I. Lagerev), cheerful music.

Progress of the lesson

Educator (V.). Hello children! Good afternoon and good hour! Good morning to you!

Children say hello. There is a knock on the door. They hand over the envelope.

IN. We have a letter from Lesovichka. (Reads.) Guys. Shall we go visit him? (Yes.)

Children and the teacher say:

We're going, we're going on a cart,

Singing nursery rhymes in the forest.

The wheels squeak - squeak, squeak, squeak,

The birds are whistling - beat, beat, beat.

The beetle buzzes - w-w-w.

The wind whistles - ooh-ooh,

The brook gurgles - gurgle, gurgle, gurgle,

He runs into the river

We drove for a long, long time,

Finally arrived! Wow!

Children.

Hello forest, wonderful forest!

Full of fairy tales and miracles!

IN. Do you hear? The forest quietly greets us.

The audio recording “Sounds of Nature. A walk through the forest."

IN. Lesovichok meets us, let's say hello to him.

Children. Hello, Lesovichok!

Lesovichok. Hello guys! Look around. What time of year is it now? What do you see?

Children. Summer has come. The sun is shining brightly, it has become hotter. The grass is green, there are many bright flowers. Butterflies fly, mosquitoes ring, grasshoppers chirp, birds sing loudly.

Lesovichok. Guys, an evil wizard bewitched the insects.

An evil wizard came to us.

He waved his arms

He bewitched the insects.

They bowed their heads

They fell silent and froze.

Well, here come my animal friends,

They live on the edge of the forest.

In an instant the villain was driven away

The insects were disenchanted.

Together we will dance,

Have fun and jump.

We will find out who our animal friends have bewitched by guessing the riddles.

Lesovichok asks riddles, and the children guess them.

Along with tea all year round

We eat sweet honey.

I could find it on a flower

This honey is for us... (bee).

N. Shemyakina

Seeing a beautiful flower in a flowerbed

I wanted to rip it off.

But as soon as you touched the stem with your hand,

And immediately the flower flew away. (Butterfly.)

V. Lunin

He is horned and mustachioed,

Many-legged and winged,

Makes a buzzing sound

When flying, it is thick... (beetle).

A. Izmailov

Red, small lump,

There are a few dots on the back

Doesn't scream or sing

And it crawls along the leaf. (Ladybug.)

A. Khrebtyugov

In the green tailcoat of the maestro

Soars over the meadow in bloom.

He is the pride of the forest orchestra

AND best jumper in height. (Grasshopper.)

N. Stozhkova

Children come out wearing masks and hats with images of insects.

Bee. We are living large families, from morning to evening we collect nectar from flowers. People build houses, hives for us, feed us, take care of us.

Bug., thin delicate wings are hidden under it. There are beetles that cannot fly, they only crawl on the ground and plants.

Butterfly. I have big bright wings. I flutter from flower to flower, drinking sweet flower nectar, which I reach with my long proboscis.

Ladybug. There are black circles on my red back, with three legs on each side. I know how to defend myself well: in a moment of danger, I secrete a white liquid, similar to milk, which smells bad and scares away enemies.

Grasshopper. I spend my life in a meadow among grass. My big hind legs work like springs, throwing me high into the air. I sing songs with my unusual legs, rubbing them on the sides of my body.

IN. Guys, we have disenchanted the insects.

Physical education minute

Chock-what, heel!

(Stomp.)

A cricket spins in a dance.

(Spin in place.)

And the grasshopper is without a mistake

Performs a waltz on the violin.

(Imitate playing the violin.)

The wings of a butterfly flicker -

(Flap your wings and arms.)

She flutters with the ant.

(Spin in pairs.)

Curtsying

(The girls curtsy.)

And again he spins in the dance.

(Spin in pairs.)

Under a cheerful hopper

(Active dance movements.)

The spider dances wildly.

(Active dance movements in place.)

Hands clap loudly!

(Applause.)

All! Our legs are tired!

(Sit down.)

Didactic game

“Who can do what?”

Children are given cards with pictures of insects. The teacher asks to place insects on the board: put a butterfly on a flower, a beetle under a leaf, etc. Then asks the children questions:

• What can a mosquito do? (Squeak, bite, fly.)
• What can a bee do? (Sting, buzz, fly, collect nectar, live in a hive, circle, make honey.)
• What can an ant do? (Carry a load, crawl, build an anthill, bite, move your antennae.)
• Which insect can fly? (Butterfly, dragonfly, bee, fly, beetle.)
• Which insect can jump? (Grasshopper.)
• Which insect can buzz? (Beetle, bee, wasp, bumblebee, fly.)

Match the tree layout. They see a chest.

Lesovichok. Let's open the chest and see what's in it. (Takes out blanks for drawings with red ovals and shows them to the children.)

IN. Guys, which insect do these ovals remind you of? (Ladybugs.) Let's remember what insects have? (Insects have an abdomen, a head, legs, antennae, wings, and eyes on the head.) Now we will finish drawing them, but not with brushes, but with cotton swabs.

Children, to the melody of “Ladybug” (lyrics by K. Kostin, music by I. Lagerev) draw ladybugs.

IN. Look how many beautiful ladybugs we got. Let's give them to Lesovich.

Lesovichok. Thank you guys, your ladybugs will not only decorate my forest, but will also be useful - fight aphids.

IN. Where have we been today? What did you learn? (Children's answers.)

And now we will smile,

Let's hold hands tightly.

And goodbye to each other

We will make a promise.

Children.

Let's be friends with insects,

Protect them and love them!

Children say goodbye to the forest and Lesovichok to the melody of “Songs of Friends” (lyrics by S. Mikhalkov, music by M. Starokadomsky).

Lesson summary for children in the senior group of kindergarten

Topic: "Alone with nature."

teacher of the first qualification category Matveeva Marina Sergeevna. ANODO “Childhood Planet “Lada” kindergarten “Belochka” No. 176.
Purpose: Lesson for children of senior preschool age.
Target:
1. Formation of the ability to compose a descriptive story using pictures.
2. Clarify children’s ideas about the characteristic features of each season.
3. Formation of ideas about the regular repeatability of changes in the life of nature, from season to season.
4. Teach children to examine and examine objects of inanimate nature and draw conclusions.
Progress of the lesson:
We sit on the floor in a circle. Handout cards for children.
Educator: Guys, let's play the game “When does this happen?”
It's time for riddles.
Empty fields
The ground gets wet
The rain is pouring down
When does this happen?

Snow on the fields
Ice on the rivers
Blizzard is walking
When does this happen?

The snowball is melting
The meadow came to life
The day is coming
When does this happen

The sun is burning
Linden blossoms
The rye is ripening
When does this happen
Educator: Well done! Guys, guess the riddle: “White in winter, gray in summer.”
Children: This is a hare.
Educator: That's right, it's a bunny. And today he came to us to find out what we know about nature.
There is a diagram on the table, and the children have cards with signs for the seasons.
Let's start the story: Olya (on the card) - This is autumn. It rains in autumn. Puddles appeared. The sun shines less often in autumn. The weather is cloudy...
Children tell one after another, one starts, the second continues, the third finishes. So about every time of the year.
Educator: The entire nature of the Earth can be divided into two huge worlds: the inanimate world, the world of living nature. We have pictures on the table: the boys need to select an image of non-living nature, and the girls need to select an image of living nature and then explain how living nature differs from non-living nature (moves, grows, eats, breathes, reproduces). Let's check whether the pictures are chosen correctly: man, whale, dog, bird, elephant, tree, flower, hedgehog. They all eat, grow, breathe, so they are classified as living nature.
And the sun, clouds, rainbows, stones, soil, water are classified as inanimate nature, since they do not have the ability to grow, feed, or breathe. Well done guys, you completed the task.
Fizminutka:- Guys, please stand in a circle. The bunny will throw the ball to you, and you will return it with an answer.
-after winter comes...
-after summer...
-winter month...(answers from several children)
-summer month...(answers from several children)
-after Tuesday...
- a day, and then...
-night, and after it...
-weekend…
-migrant…
-wintering bird...(answers from several children)
- who hibernates during the winter... (answers from several children)
-Who arrives first in the spring...
-What bird doesn’t build its own nest...
-autumn month...(answers from several children)
- spring month... (answers from several children)
Educator: What natural phenomena do you know? (Wind, snow, rainbow, leaf fall, drops, ice drift, frost, dew, fog, icicles, drops, hail, rain, sun).
And which ones are only available in winter? In summer?
What types of clouds are there? (cumulus, cirrus, thunderstorm and rain)
Where does it rain and snow?
What is the name of the forest in which pine and spruce trees grow? What if there are trees? What if it's all together? (children's answers).
At the end of the lesson, the bunny asks: “Guys, let’s remember what we talked about today, what new things we learned.” He praises the children and gives medals with his image.

Summary of an educational activity with children on familiarization with nature on the topic: “Walk through the autumn forest” in the senior group

Municipal budget preschool educational institution Combined kindergarten No. 8 "Swan"

teacher: 1st qualification category Moiseeva L.I. Khimki urban district

Program content:

1. Summarize children's knowledge about seasonal changes in nature in autumn.
2. Bring up positive attitude by autumn.
3. Learn to find the reasons for changes in the lives of animals and plants in changes in their living conditions, in seasonal changes; learn to establish a connection between environmental conditions and the state of living objects;
4. To develop in children the ability to recognize and name a tree from a leaf;
5. Be able to hear the teacher’s questions and tasks, listen to the answers of peers;
6. Foster love and respect for nature. Develop the ability to empathize with animals and help them.

Used media objects:

1. Pictures depicting autumn and one depicting summer;
2. Autumn leaves “Name the leaf from which tree”;
3. A. Vivaldi "Autumn"; Tchaikovsky "November"; sound recording of wind sounds; Rubbak "Bear"
4. Decoration of the hall “Late Autumn”;
5. Record "Seasons" P.I. Tchaikovsky, "Voices of the Forest" ;
6. A treat from a squirrel: a basket of nuts;
7. Squirrel costume (grey), bear, wind.

Equipment used:

record player

Preliminary work.

1. Observing autumn changes in nature on a walk (autumn trees and shrubs, leaf fall, frequent rains, etc.);
2. Working with the nature calendar;
3. Examination of book illustrations and pictures on an autumn theme;
4. Conversation on the painting by I. Levitan "Gold autumn" ;
5. Conversation based on the painting by V. Vaveykin, Z. Sokolova "Late fall" ;
6. Reading works and learning poems about autumn;
7. Conversations about preparing birds, animals and plants for winter;
8. Conversations about the forest, rules of behavior in it. Getting to know different types of forests (spruce forest, birch forest, oak forest, mixed).

Organizational component:

In accordance with SanPiN and health-saving technologies.

Progress of the lesson:

(Children enter the colorfully decorated hall)

Today guests came to our kindergarten.

Dear and important guests,

In our group here they sit,

Everyone looks at us sternly.

And not strictly, but with a very warm and simple smile

Guests greet us with you, how to respond?

(kindness)

Let's wish our guests good morning and let this wish be warm and sincere. Guys, what's your mood today?

(good, cheerful)

Great mood, as we are all healthy and cheerful.

What is health?

(when you are happy, you don’t get sick)

Today we will take a walk-excursion, but try to guess where...

The hero stands rich,
Treats all the guys:
Vanya with lingonberries,
Katya - bone maker,

Mashenka is like a nut,
Seryozha - russula,
Nastenka - raspberries,
Polina - strawberries.

So who is this hero?

(forest)

Of course, the forest. What is FOREST?

(This is a place where many trees, shrubs, berries, mushrooms grow, animals, birds, insects live)

That's right, you and I will take a walk-excursion into the forest. First, let’s remember the rules of conduct in the forest.

(walk along the path, do not make noise, do not tear plants, do not break branches, do not destroy nests and anthills)

Well done boys! You have well learned the rules of behavior in the forest. So we can go. I will be your tour guide.

Movement exercise "Walk in the Woods"

Let's go for a walk in the forest.
Let's walk happily. (children marching).
Let's go along the path
One after another in single file.

(go "snake" between bumps)

We raise our legs higher
We don't step on bumps.
(high step, step over leaves).
And again along the path

We walk merrily. (marching).

Here is the forest. Let's greet the autumn forest by reading poems to it.

Hello forest, dense forest,
Full of fairy tales and miracles!
What are you making noise about?
What are you whispering to us at dawn?

All in dew, like in silver?
Who is languishing in your wilderness?
What kind of animal? What bird?
Open everything, don’t hide:

You see - we are our own!

S. Pogorelovsky.

Let's take a closer look at the nature in the forest, answer the question:

What time of year is it in the forest?

(autumn)

Let's remember how many autumn months there are?

Name them?

(September October November)

What month is it now?

(October)

Game "Weather in autumn"

• I have a multi-colored ball: an autumn and magical ball

He will jump into your arms and ask questions.

• Leaves in autumn (what are they doing)-leaves turn yellow and fall off in autumn
• Rain in autumn (what is he doing)-It rains in autumn.
• Harvest in autumn (what are they doing)-The harvest is harvested in the fall.

• Birds in autumn (what are they doing)- Birds fly away in autumn.
• Trees in autumn (what are they doing)- Trees shed leaves in autumn.
• Animals in autumn (what are they doing)- Animals prepare for winter in the fall and change their coats.

Children, what is the weather like in autumn?

• When it's raining- rainy.
• When the wind blows - windy
• Cold - cold
• Cloudy - cloudy
• Damp - raw
• Gloomy - gloomy
• Clear - clear

Great. You are right about the weather.

The wind is blowing, leaves are flying.

Guys, what is this?

(Leaf fall)

Who knows why leaves fall from trees in autumn?

(sap flow stops)

That’s right, sap flow stops in the fall.

Let's play with the leaves. Autumn wants to play with us.:

Game with leaves

She scattered the last leaves and offered to pick up one leaf, name it and say what tree it came from.

We have a piggy bank in kindergarten folk wisdom, children put proverbs and signs of the seasons into it. Do you want to put your knowledge there?

Guys, stand in a circle,
Hold hands tightly.
I'll take the box
And I’ll collect signs.

(The trees stand without leaves, the branches ring and are covered with frost, the insects have disappeared, it often rains and the first snow; the days have become shorter and the nights are longer; the sun shines and warms very little; there are frosts at night; puddles are covered with ice; the ground is frozen; winterers are arriving birds.)

Proverbs:

• Autumn is the time to harvest.
• Autumn will come and ask for everything.

• Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.
• In autumn, the sparrow has a feast.
• In autumn the sparrow is also rich.
• October is the month of the first snows, the first cold weather
• October thunder - snowless winter.
• By October, the birches become bare.
• In October, say goodbye to the sun, get closer to the stove.
• October will cover the earth, sometimes with leaves, sometimes with snow.

Guys, you said everything wonderfully, our box has been replenished with your wisdom. I liked the answers, you named a lot interesting signs and proverbs.

(Children sit down)

And now Vika will read the poem “Autumn” by L. Lukanov

The cloudy sky is blue
Closed from the ground
And autumn grass
Covered with frost.

The ice on the puddle shines,
The puddle freezes.
It's winter that's coming to us,
Autumn sees off.

A game “Name an extra sign, an extra picture”

• The birds have flown away, the grass is turning green, bare trees, low clouds
• cold rains, streams running, falling leaves, snow and rain

Three pictures depicting autumn and one depicting summer.

Autumn words game

Guys, I realized that you like autumn, and what words could you say about late autumn?

(sad, gloomy, rainy, long, lingering, warm, cold, late, thoughtful, dull, quiet, sad, mysterious, boring, sad)

Guys, do you hear the purring? Who makes these sounds?

(birds)

We hear the last farewell cries of migratory birds. What happens to the rest of the birds?

(stay for the winter)

What are they called?

(wintering birds)

People call them "winterers" . What do wintering birds eat?

(Rowan berries, grains, seeds and bread crumbs that people give.)

And we must take care of them. What is our concern?

(We can make feeders and feed our feathered friends.)

- Name the wintering birds:

(Waxwing, goldfinch, owl, crossbill, woodpecker, sparrow, crow, tit, bullfinch, jays)

Guys, who else lives in the forest?

(wild animals)

Why are they called that?

(they live in the forest, build their own housing and get food)

What wild animals can be found in the forest in late autumn?

(fox, hare, wolf, squirrel, lynx, deer, elk, wild boar)

That's right, why can't we meet a bear in late autumn?

(because he crawls into the den to sleep in late autumn)

And now Olya will tell you a story that happened to a bear in late autumn, when he was preparing for hibernation. This poem was written by the poet L. Kvitko:

Dramatization:

Bear in the forest.

A bear walks through the forest,
A bear wanders through the forest...
Cold, cold on the nose -
It's very cold in the forest.

The forest is almost completely stripped:
There is no nest, no bird.
Only the wind moans, groans,
Drives leaves along the paths -

Now there, now here.
The bear stood on tiptoe,
The bear stretched out his paws:
- Wind, wind, don't whistle!

A cloud of snow is coming!
Bush up all the trees,
Powder all the bushes.
The wind blows, blows, blows,

Warm snow sows, sows.
Pooh and fluff - White all around.
Immediately it became quiet,

The snow lies like a blanket.
Evening fell to the ground...
Where did the bear go?
The worries are over

He sleeps in his den.

Did you like the story about the bear?

(children's answers)

Guys, do you think the wind fulfilled the bear’s request?

(he completed it, he began to slowly winnow and sow snow, and sprinkled snow like blankets)

Well done, the wind fulfilled the bear’s request.

Guys, it has become cold and rainy in the forest. And it is also difficult for the inhabitants of the forest in such weather. Let's listen to a poem about it."

A child reads a poem.

A.A. Block “Bunny”

Gloomy and rainy autumn has arrived,
All the cabbage was removed, there was nothing to steal.
The poor bunny is jumping near the wet pines,
It's scary to fall into the clutches of a gray wolf...

Thinks about summer, presses his ears,
He looks sideways at the sky - he can’t see the sky...
If only it were warmer, if only it was drier...
It's very unpleasant to step on water!

Guys, can people help animals at this time of year?

(children's answers)

How can I do that?

(children's answers)

At the end of November the bunny changes his fur coat to what kind?

(white fur coat)

Is it comfortable for a bunny in a white fur coat when the snow has not yet fallen?

(no, he's shaking with fear)

(children's answers)

Who hid in the holes?

(Hedgehog, badger, field mouse.)

What does the squirrel do?

(She doesn't like it cold, rainy weather, so she hid, sits in her hollow and gnaws on pine cones and nuts.)

Why do they say “The forest is our wealth” ?

(The forest gives us clean air, berries, nuts, mushrooms)

Forest is the decoration of the planet, the health of people.

Forest - native home for plants and animals.)

How else do people use the forest?

(Furniture, paper, musical instruments, threads are made from wood.)

The forest is not only clean air and raw materials, but also priceless beauty. And people should take care of this beauty and wealth.

Take care of the Russian forest,
He is the source of all miracles!
So that everything turns green
Pines, elms, maples, spruces,

Take care of the forest!
Squirrel, marten, hare, fox
The forest is our home.
Birds and animals want to believe in peace and quiet!

Oh, guys, look, the squirrel has come to visit us.

Squirrel:

The autumn leaf flies around,
Leaves are falling from the branches.
Look, look
I change my outfit.

Was a redhead, now
The fur coat is thicker and lighter,
Silver tail -
Gray, fluffy.

I've been jumping around all day
And I collected nuts
You are so great
Here are my gifts for you

You are always welcome guests in a forest house, just don’t forget to love and take care of nature.

Forest - wealth and beauty,
Take care of your forests!
The enemy of nature is
Who doesn't protect the forests?

See you later new meeting in the forest, guys!

Squirrel leaves

Goodbye, Autumn! Goodbye, inhabitants of the forest house! Goodbye, Les!

Lesson summary:

Our walk into the autumn forest has come to an end. It's time for us to return to the group. Did you enjoy our trip? Where have we been today? Who did we meet in the forest? You told your poems about autumn very well, everyone completed the tasks, and now let’s return to the group. 7.

Literature:

1. Bondarenko T. M. Environmental activities with children 5-6 years old: A practical guide for educators and methodologists of preschool educational institutions. - Voronezh: TC "Teacher", 2002. - 159 p.
2. Dick N.F. Developmental classes in ecology for preschoolers. - M.: LLC "TID" Russian word- RS", 2006. - 176 pp. - (To help the teacher).
3. Bobyleva L. “Take care of nature!” Conversations with older preschoolers. Journal of Preschool Education No. 7-2002.
4. Koshcheeva E. L., Khamidullina L. A., Prokhorova V. V. Traveling into the natural world: Classes to familiarize preschoolers with the basics of geography and ecology. - M.: ARKTI, 2009. - 96 p. (Getting ready for school).
5. Nikolaeva S. N. Young ecologist. System of working with children in the senior group of kindergarten. For classes with children 5-6 years old. - M.: MOSAIC-SYNTHESIS, 2010. - 152 pp.: color. on
6. Nikolaeva S. N. Young ecologist. The system of work in the kindergarten preparatory group. For working with children 6-7 years old. - M.: MOSAIC-SYNTHESIS, 2010. - 168 pp.: color. on

Subject: Autumn

Target: generalizing children's knowledge about the features of the autumn season.

Tasks:

1. Educational: consolidate children's knowledge about seasonal changes in nature in autumn, about human interaction with nature in autumn.
2. Developmental: develop the ability to explain cause-and-effect relationships between natural phenomena; consolidate children's knowledge that a person, intentionally or not, can disrupt the connection in nature.
3. Educational: to cultivate a love for nature, a desire to protect it.

Age group: senior group.

Form of organization: group form.

Equipment:

• musical accompaniment, laptop, leaves of trees and bushes, mnemonic table “Autumn”, ball;
• plum, grape, apple seeds;
• seed containers; fruits and berries.

Progress of OOD

Teacher:
- Children, did you hear someone say hello to us?

Who could it be? Let's ask who is this?

I paint with yellow paint
Field, forest, valleys.
And I love the sound of rain,
Call me!

Children answer:
- Autumn!

Teacher:
— Guys, do you want to please Autumn, are you ready to consolidate your knowledge about autumn?

The teacher asks the children questions:
— Tell me, please, after what time of year does autumn begin?
— And after autumn, what time of year comes?
- Name the autumn months.

Children answer questions.

- Let's now talk about changes in nature in the fall. To do this, you can use a mnemonic table and plot drawings about autumn.

Children talk about autumn changes: the sun does not rise high above the earth, so it does not warm much, it becomes colder, the days become shorter, the nights are longer, there are more cloudy days, it rains often; people cover themselves from the rain with an umbrella, put on boots, jackets, and hats. In autumn, strong winds blow, leaves turn yellow and fall, birds fly south, animals prepare for winter, people harvest.

The teacher invites the children to go to the carpet.

TRIZ game “What will happen if...?”

The teacher asks a question, throws the ball to the child, and the child answers the question. Passes the ball back.

1. What happens if the seagulls don't fly south?
2. What will happen if the sparrows fly south?
3. What will happen if people scream in the forest?
4. What will happen if people light fires in the forest?
5. What will happen if children break tree branches and rip off bark?
6. What will happen if people destroy anthills?
7. What will happen if people leave garbage in nature?

— You gave very interesting answers to all my questions. Well done!

The teacher reads poetry and lays leaves on the carpet.

Autumn leaves
Hanging on a tree
And in the cold wind
The chilled ones tremble.

And the wind is naughty
Suddenly he tore off the leaves,
He blew harder -
The leaf ran.

Outdoor game “One, two, three... take it”

Children move smoothly to the music. The music stops. The teacher says: “One, two, three, Oak Leaf take it." Children complete the task.

- One, two, three, take a birch leaf.

- One, two, three, take an aspen leaf.

- One, two, three, take a bush leaf.

- One, two, three, take a spruce leaf.

- Why didn’t you take anything?

— What are the names of trees that have needles instead of leaves?

— How else do they differ from deciduous trees?

“Well done, guys, you completed the tasks correctly and answered the questions.”

Game “Which tree is the cone from?”

— Guys, let's divide into three groups. Each group will collect the cones on which they grew under the tree. What kind of cones do you want to collect?

Children select spruce, larch, Pine cones to drawings of trees.

Well done, the guys completed the task together!

Game "Let's prepare a treat"

- As you already said, the harvest is being harvested in the fall, let's bake pies from vegetables and treat our neighbor. Now sweet fruit pie, berry drinks.

Children take turns naming vegetables (fruits, berries) and “passing” pies (sweet pie, drinks) to their neighbor.

Research activities.

On the tray are seeds of apples, grapes, and plum pits; apples, plums, grapes; containers with images of the corresponding fruits.

The teacher suggests:

- Guys, please look, what is this lying here?

“They weren’t here recently.” Who brought them here?

“Autumn probably likes how much you know about her.” So she brought them to us. Let's put their boxes together and our collection of seeds will be replenished.

- But what kind of plants are these seeds?

- What should we do now, how to find out which plant seeds are here?

Children answer:

— You can ask adults, take a bite and plant a seed, etc.

- Let's choose the most interesting way to gain knowledge - research.

1. Identifying the problem.

- What difficulty do we have, guys?

2. Determining the purpose of the study.

- What do we want to know?

3. Proposing a hypothesis.

- What do you guys think, what kind of fruit is this flat, oval seed? And this little seed, what does it look like? Which fruit is the seed? And this?

4. Drawing up a preliminary plan.

- What will we do to find out what fruit seeds we have?

1. Let's cut the fruit.
2. Let's take out the seed.
3. Let's compare with other seeds.
4. Conducting research. Conclusion.
5. Indicate possible further avenues for exploration.

— When you eat, pay attention to the seeds.

The teacher shows fruits and berries.

- Look, guys, these are the gifts autumn has brought us!

- What time of year were we talking about?

— What task caused difficulty? Why?

— Which task did you like the most? Why?

— What will you tell your parents about our activities today?

“And I really liked the way you guys tried today, listened carefully to the questions, answered them correctly, helped each other, listened to each other.”