Rules for formatting bibliographic references and references. Requirements for the design of footnotes Formatting links within the text

Preparation of the bibliographic apparatus of the dissertation

The bibliographic apparatus is a very significant part of the dissertation. First, it is a valuable indication of sources on the research topic for those who will read the dissertation; secondly, it allows one to judge the author’s scientific culture, the depth of his penetration into the topic and the ethicality of his position in relation to the authors of the sources used.

The bibliographic apparatus of dissertations is drawn up in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.1.84 “Bibliographic description of a document” and taking into account the brief rules of “Compilation of a bibliographic description” (2nd ed., additional M.: Prince's Chamber, 1991). We provide examples of the design of a bibliographic list as an appendix to a dissertation.

Dmitriev A.V. Conflictology. - M.: Gardariki, 2000. - 320 p.
Tursunov A. Foundations of cosmology: Critical. essays. - M.: Mysl, 1979.-237 p.
History of sociology in Western Europe and USA: Textbook / Answer. ed. G.V. Osipov. - M.: Norma - Infra, 1999. - 576 p.
Sociology. Basics of general theory: Tutorial/ G.V. Osipov, L.N. Moskvicheva, A.V. Kabyshcha, etc. / Ed. G.V.Osipova, L.N. Moskvncheva. - M.: Aspect Press, 1996. - 461 p.

Rukavishnikov 5.0. Social tension // Dialogue. - 1990. No. 8. - P. 32-45.
Lefebvre V.A. From psychophysics to modeling the soul // Questions of Philosophy. - 1990. No. 7. - P. 25-31.
Raitsyn I. In the trenches of trade wars // Business world. - 1993. - October 7.

Biryukov 5.5.,. Gastev Yu.A.. Geller E.S. Modeling // TSB. - 3rd ed. M.. 1974. - T. 16. - P. 393-395.
Dissertation // Soviet encyclopedic dictionary. M., 1985. - P. 396.

Problems of a university textbook: Abstract. report Third All-Union. scientific conf. - M.:MISI, 1988.-156 p.
Marketing, PR: Abstract. report Second Ros. conf. - M.: MIIT, 2005.-184 p.

Philosophical problems modern science/ Comp. V.N. Ivashchenko. - Kyiv: Raduga, 1989. - 165 p.

Continuing education as a pedagogical system: Sat. scientific tr. / research institute higher education/ Rep. ed. N.N. Nechaev. - M.: NIIVO, 1995. - 156 p.

Ongoing edition

Safronov GL. Results, tasks and prospects for the development of book trade // Book. trade. Experience, problems, research. - 1981. - Issue. 8. - pp. 3-17.

Public education and culture of the USSR in figures in 1985. M. 1986. P. 241 -255.

AusubelD-P. Das Jugendalter. - MOnchen, 1968. - 284 S.
2. Collier P.. Horowitz L. Destructive Generation: Second Thoughts about the / Sixties. - N.Y., 1989. - 312 p.
Homans G. Social Behavior as Exchange //American Journal of Sociology. - 1958. - Vol. 63. - P. 32-49.
Mannheim K. The Problem Generations // K. Mannheim. Esseys on the Sociology of Knowledge. - London, 1952. - P. 131-154.

Rudakova Zh.I. Managing an organization: coordinating interests and social conflict: Dis. ...cand. sociol. Sci. Novocherkassk. 1999. - 146 p.
Rodionov I.N. State youth policy(Essence, stages, main trends): 1980-1993: Author's abstract. dis. ...cand. history Sci. M., 1994.-20p.

Kotryakhov N.V. Theory and practice of training a teacher of a unified labor school of the 1st stage for labor training and education of students // Manuscript dep. in OCNI “School and Pedagogy MP and Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR 10.27.86., No. 265-86. - 26 s.

Ivanova S.I. Application of psychological knowledge in the education of schoolchildren: Preprint - 87-5. SPbGUPM, 1998. - 24 p.

State Archives Russian Federation. F. 9412, on. I, d. 355, l. 32. State Archives Chelyabinsk region. F. P-2. on. 1, no. 15. Current archive of the Department of Public Education of the Sverdlovsk Region. F. 12, on. 1, d. 7, l. 13.

Bibliographic reference - a set of bibliographic information about another document quoted or mentioned in the text, which is necessary for its identification and search (Compilation of a bibliographic description: Brief rules. - 2nd ed., add. - M.: Book. Chamber, 1991. P. 116.). They should also be drawn up according to the rules.

When creating links, some deviations from general rules bibliographic description of sources. So, if a link is included in the text, then it is subject to the rules of text formatting, not the bibliographic description. For example, in the text the titles of books are given in quotation marks, and in bibliography- without quotation marks, the initials of the authors in the reference should come before the surname, and in the list - after the surname. Between description areas, the “dot and dash” sign can be replaced with a dot; the use of a short description form is allowed.

If the text is cited not from the original source, but from another publication or another document, then the link should begin like this: “Cit. by:" or "Cit. from the book:" or "Cit. according to Art.:". If a smooth logical transition to a link from the text to which it relates is impossible, then use initial words"See", "See" about this." When it is necessary to emphasize that the source to which the link is given. - only one of many, where the position of the main text is confirmed or expressed, or illustrated, then in such cases they write: “See, for example,” “See, in particular.” When it is necessary to show that a reference represents additional literature, indicate “See. Also:".

Depending on their location relative to the main text of the dissertation, bibliographic references are:

1) intratextual, i.e. being an integral part of the main text;
2) interlinear, i.e. moved from the text to the bottom of the page;
3) non-textual, i.e. taken beyond the text of the entire work or part of it.

Intratext links are used when a significant part of the link is included in the main text of the dissertation so organically that it is impossible to remove it. Then in brackets indicate only the output data and the page number on which the quoted passage is printed, or only the output data (if the page number is indicated in the text), or only the page number (if the reference is repeated).

If references are provided at the end of each page in the form of footnotes, footnote signs in the form of a number or asterisk are used to link them to the text. If there are more than four links, then using asterisks is inappropriate.

A full description of the source is given only with the first footnote. For repeated references, instead of the title, write “Decree. op." If several links to the same source are placed on one page, then in the footnotes they write “Ibid” and the number of the page to which the link is given.

There are several ways to connect the main text of the dissertation with a description of the source. Usually serves for this purpose serial number source indicated in the bibliography, and in the main text this number is placed in square brackets. When referring to the source page in the main text, the latter is also enclosed in square brackets; for example: (73. P. 62], which means: source in list 73, page 62.

When the author's surname and the title of the article are mentioned in the main text, the subscript reference can be limited to a description of the publication itself. In cases where it is necessary to operate a large number sources, use extra-text bibliographic references.

Regulatory acts:

In order to correctly draw up a footnote to a normative legal act, it is necessary to correctly determine its type and write it down in accordance with the sample. When describing regulatory legal acts, the following constructions can be used to indicate the status of the document:

(as amended on May 28, 2015)- any regulatory legal act in the work must be indicated in latest edition, regardless of whether it came into force or not.

(lost validity)- used in relation to those documents that are not currently in force (can be found when describing the history of the development of a legal phenomenon).

Laws

Constitution:

• Constitution of the Russian Federation 1993. M., 2015.
• Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993 (as amended on December 30, 2014) // Russian newspaper. 1993.25 December.

Codes (current or no longer in force):

• Criminal Code of the RSFSR 1926 (lost force) M., 1950.
• Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1960 (lost force) M., 1994.
• Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 1996. M., 2015.
• Criminal Code of the Russian Federation dated June 13, 1996 No. 63-FZ (as amended on April 28, 2015) // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 1996. No. 25. Art. 2954.
• Criminal Code of the Russian Federation dated June 13, 1996 No. 63-FZ (as amended on April 28, 2015g.) // SPS Consultant Plus.

Federal laws:

• Law of the Russian Federation of April 18, 1991 No. 1026-1 (as amended on December 26, 2014) “On the Police” // Gazette of the Council of People's Commissars and the Supreme Court of the RSFSR. 1991. No. 16. Art. 503.
• Federal law Russian Federation dated December 13, 1996 No. 150-FZ (as amended on March 14, 2009) “On weapons” // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 1996. No. 51. Art. 5681.
• Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated December 13, 1996 No. 150-FZ (as amended on March 14, 2014) “On Weapons” // Russian newspaper. 1996. December 18.

Decrees, resolutions, etc.:

Court:

• Resolution of the plenum Supreme Court RF dated 01/27/1999 No. 1 (as amended on 04/03/2014) “On judicial practice in murder cases (Article 105 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)” // Bulletin of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. 1999. No. 3.
• Resolution of the plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated January 27, 1999 No. 1 (as amended on April 3, 2014) “On judicial practice in murder cases (Article 105 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)” // SPS Consultant Plus.

Government:

• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/07/2006 No. 76 (as amended on 05/04/2015) “On approval of large and especially large sizes narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for the purposes of Articles 228, 228.1 and 229 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation” // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 2006. No. 7. Art. 787.

President:

• Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 21, 2000 No. 706 “On approval of the military doctrine of the Russian Federation” // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 2000. No. 17. Art. 1852.

Educational and scientific literature:
In order to correctly format a footnote to a source, it is necessary to correctly determine its type and write it down in accordance with the sample. Total quantity pages are indicated (232 p.), and a specific page is indicated (p. 15.).

Textbook, lecture courses:

• Criminal law of the Russian Federation. Special part / Ed. A.I. Martseva Omsk, 2000. P. 2.
• Course of Soviet criminal law. General part / Ed. A.A. Piontkovsky, P.S. Romashkina, V.M. Chkhikvadze M.: Publishing house "Nauka", 1970. T. 3. P. 33.

Comment:

• Commentary on the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation / Ed. Yu.I. Skuratov and V.M. Lebedeva. M., 1996. P. 67.

Tutorials:

• Turyshev A.D., Turyshev A.A. Criminal law: General and Special parts: Textbook. allowance. M.: RIOR, 2008. P. 45.

Thesis:

• Turyshev A.A. Information as a sign of crimes in the field of economic activity: Dis... Cand. legal Sci. Omsk, 2006. P. 15.

• Turyshev A.A. Information as a sign of crimes in the field of economic activity: Author's abstract. dis... cand. legal Sci. Omsk, 2006. P. 19.

Dictionaries:

• Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language / Under. ed. N.Yu. Shvedova. M., 1988. P. 611.
• Large explanatory dictionary of the Russian language / Under. ed. S.A. Kuznetsova. St. Petersburg, 1988. P. 1237.
• Dal V. Dictionary living Great Russian language. M., 1955. T. 1. P. 125.
• Ushakov D. N. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. M., 2004. P. 255.
• Dictionary foreign words. 19th ed., stereotype. M., 1990.
• Brief philosophical dictionary. Ed. A.P. Alekseeva. Ed. 2nd, revised and expanded. M., 2001. P. 348.
• Dictionary of criminal law / Answer. ed. A. V. Naumov. M., 1997. P. 45.
• Turyshev A.D. Dictionary of criminal legal concepts and terms (General part). Omsk: Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2000. P. 100.

Monographs:

• Veklenko V.V., Nikolaev K.D. Aggravating circumstances of theft: monograph. Omsk: Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2009. P. 134.

Scientific articles (in a magazine, in a collection, in an electronic journal)

• Borkov V.N. Criminal legal significance use official powers and their excess // Criminal law. 2005. No. 2. P. 14.
• Turyshev A.A. On the transition to the law of the information society // Materials of the III Interregional Information Congress “The Role of Regions in the Implementation of Strategies for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation”. Omsk, 2008. P. 15.
• Kozun A.V. Issues of delimiting the elements of crimes of poor-quality repairs vehicles and violations of labor protection rules // Legal technologies. 2014. No. 1. URL: http://www..06.2015).

Newspaper articles:

• Medvedev Yu. Intelligence to the load // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. 2004. 1 Dec.

Materials of judicial practice:

• Ruling of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of January 28, 2003 in case No. 61-B02-6 // Bulletin of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. - 2003. - No. 2. - P. 14.
• Resolution of the Presidium of the Penza Regional Court of January 14, 1994 // Judicial practice in criminal procedural disputes: Collection of resolutions, decisions and determinations of federal courts. - M.: NORMA-INFRA-M, 1999. - P. 56.

• Verdict of the Kirovsky District Court of Omsk dated September 29, 2004 on charges of Rudish O.V. // Archive of the Kirovsky District Court of Omsk for 2004. Criminal case No. 1-857.

Materials from the Internet and legal reference systems

The preparation of footnotes for electronic resources () occurs as for ordinary documents (the type has been determined and recorded in the appropriate format), but with the peculiarities of indicating the source (CDROM, DVDR, Internet resource, reference and search systems): laser disk: 1 electron. wholesale disk (CD-ROM), Internet resource: // URL: http://www..01.2011), reference and search systems: // SPS Consultant Plus.

Tutorial on disk:

• Turyshev A.D., Turyshev A.A., Marfitsin G.P. Criminal law course. General part. M.: New disc, 2002. 1 electron. wholesale disk (CD-ROM)

Scientific article in an electronic journal:

• Turyshev A.A. Rehabilitation of Nazism in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation // Legal technologies. 2014. No. 1. URL: (access date: 09/15/2015) .

Message on the site:

• Writing course work// website "Legal Technologies" URL: http://www..09.2015) .

Forum:

• Criminal law: forum // Legal technologies: website. Omsk, 2011. URL: http://www..01.2014).

Consultant, Guarantor...

• Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993 (as amended on December 30, 2008) // Consultant Plus.

Also see:

Popular materials.

You can and should refer to Internet sources and electronic resources. At the same time, it is necessary to refer to Internet resources in accordance with the state standard - GOST R 7.0.5-2008 “BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LINK”: General requirements and rules for drawing up, which came into force on January 1, 2009. Objects of compilation bibliographic reference in this case are electronic resources remote access. Links are made both to electronic resources as a whole (electronic documents, databases, portals, sites, web pages, forums, etc.) and to components of electronic resources (sections and parts of electronic documents, portals, sites, web -pages, publications in electronic serial publications, messages on forums, etc.).

To indicate the electronic address of remote access resources, a note about the access mode is provided. Allowed instead of words "Access mode"(or their equivalent in another language) use the abbreviation "URL" (Uniform Resource Locator- uniform resource locator). For records on electronic resources, it is allowed, if the text contains bibliographic information identifying an electronic remote access resource, to indicate only its email address in a subscript link. Information about the protocol for accessing a network resource (ftp, http, etc.) and its email address are provided in a uniform resource locator format.

After the email address, information about the date of access to the electronic network resource is given in parentheses: after the words “date of access” the day, month and year are indicated. If date information is available latest update or revision of a network document, they are indicated in the link, preceded by the appropriate words “Date of update” (“Date of revision”, etc.). If it is impossible to determine the date of publication or creation from the screen title page of an electronic remote access resource (network resource), then the earliest and most recent later dates resource creations that were identified. Information about system requirements are given in cases where access to a document requires special software(for example, Adobe Acrobat Reader, PowerPoint, etc.).

Links to electronic resources are indicated using intratextual links (they are enclosed in parentheses) in the text itself, interlinear links (moved from the text to the bottom of the page of the document, in a footnote - drawn up as a note taken from the text of the document to the bottom of the page) and behind-the-text links (placed outside the text of the document or part of it - in a callout).

An example of designing in-text links to web resources:

(URL: http://www.bashedu.ru/encikl/title.htm)
(Russian Book Chamber: [website]. URL: http://www.bookchamber.ru)
(Russian Orthodoxy: [website]. URL: http://www.ortho-rus.ru/)
(Management in Russia and abroad. 2002. No. 2. URL: http://www.cfin.ru/press/management/2002-2/12.shtml)
(Statistical indicators of Russian book publishing in 2006: figures and ratings. URL: http://bookchamber.ru/stat_2006.htm)

An example of designing subscript links to Internet resources:

Primary 5 Loginova L.G. The essence of the result of additional education for children // Education: studied in the international world. scientific ped. Internet magazine. 21.10.03. URL: http://www.oim.ru/reader.asp?nomer=366 (date of access: 04/17/07).
Repeated 7 Loginova L. G. Decree. Op.
2 Official periodicals: electronic. guide / Russian national bka, Legal Information Center. [SPb.], 2005–2007. URL: http://www.nlr.ru/lawcenter/izd/index.html (access date: 01/18/2007).
7 List of documents of the “Information and Reference System of the Archival Industry” (ISSAO) and its applications – “Information System of Archivists of Russia” (ISAR) // Termika Consulting Group: [website]. URL: http://www.termika.ru/dou/progr/spisok24.html (access date: 11/16/2007).
7 Geography: electronic. gas version 2001. No. 15 (special issue). URL: http://geo.1september.ru/article.php?ID=200101502 (access date: 03/13/2006).
I2 Vanyushin I.V. Methodology for measuring the conversion characteristics of an ADC // Researched in Russia: electron. multidisciplinary scientific magazine 2000. [T. 3]. pp. 263–272. URL: http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2000/019.pdf (access date: 05/06/2006).
2 Dirina A.I. The right of military personnel of the Russian Federation to freedom of association // Military law: network journal. 2007. URL:
http://www.voennoepravo.ru/node/2149 (date of access: 09/19/2007).
10 Reference books on semiconductor devices // [Personal page of V. R. Kozak] / Institute of Nuclei. physics. [Novosibirsk, 2003]. URL: http://www.inp.nsk.su/%7Ekozak/start.htm (access date: 03.13.06).
6 Galina Vasilievna Starovoitova, 05/17/46 – 11/20/1998: [memorial. website] / comp. and ed. T. Likhanova. [SPb., 2004]. URL: http://www.starovoitova.ru/rus/main.php (access date: 01/22/2007).
2 Life is beautiful, life is tragic... [ Electronic resource]: 1917 in letters of A.V. Lunacharsky to A.A. Lunacharskaya / rep. comp. L. Rogovaya; comp. N. Antonova; Institute "Open Island". M., 2001. URL: http://www.auditorium.ru/books/473/ (access date: 04/17/2006).
8 Beglik A. G. Review of the main foreign projects help services: program support and technology approaches // Using Internet technologies in reference services for remote users: materials of a training seminar, November 23-24. 2004 / Russia national Fuck, Virtual. reference service. St. Petersburg, 2004. System. Requirements: PowerPoint. URL: http://vss.nlr.ru/about/seminar.php (access date: 03/13/2006).
5 The entire Bogorodsky district: forum // Bogorodsk - Noginsk. Bogorodsk local history: website. Noginsk, 2006. URL: http://www.bogorodsk-noginsk.ru/forum/ (access date: 02/20/2007).
4 Kremleva S. O. Network communities // PORTALUS.RU: all-Russian. virtual encycl. M., 2005. URL: http://www.library.by/portalus/modules/psychology (access date: 11/11/2005).

Beyond-text links and bibliographic descriptions of web resources are distinguished by several features. According to GOST 7.83-2001 “Interstate standard SIBID. electronic publications, main types and output information" (introduced on January 7, 2002), if the document is presented in the form of an electronic resource, its form is indicated as a general designation of the material in the bibliographic list:

Biblical stories [Electronic resource]: Hermitage collection
At the command of the pike [Electronic resource]: [rus. adv. fairy tale]

Title information is preceded by a colon:

Informatics [Electronic resource]: Internet textbook

The general designation of the material is given immediately after the main title with a capital letter in square brackets. Words in general designation material is not reduced:

Letters to Emissia Offline [Electronic resource]: electronic. scientific-pedagogical magazine
Accountant of the enterprise [Electronic resource]: BP: practical. magazine

The liability statements are as follows:

Bulletin of the University [Electronic resource] / State. University of Ex.

An example of the design of textual links to web resources and electronic sources in a bibliography:

78. Latchford E. W. With the White Army in Siberia [Electronic resource] // Eastern Front of the Army of Admiral A. V. Kolchak: [site]. . URL: http://east-front.narod.ru/memo/latchford.htm (access date: 08/23/2007).
25. Chliyants G. Creation of television // QRZ.RU: server for Russian radio amateurs. 2004.
176. Parinov S. I., Lyapunov V. M., Puzyrev R. L. The Socionet system as a platform for the development of scientific information resources and online services // Electronic. b-ki. 2003. T. 6, issue. 1. URL: http://www.elbib.ru/index.phtml?page=elbib/rus/journal/2003/part1/PLP/ (date of access: November 25, 2006).
65. Avilova L. I. Development of metal production in the era of early metal (Eneolithic - late bronze age) [Electronic resource]: state of the problem and prospects for research // Vestn. RFBR. 1997. No. 2. URL: http://www.rfbr.ru/pics/22394ref/file.pdf (access date: 09.19.2007).
53. Volkov V. Yu., Volkova L. M. Physical education: distance learning course. training in GSE 05 “Phys. Culture" / St. Petersburg. state Polytechnic University, Interuniversity. center for physics culture. St. Petersburg, 2003. Access from the local network Fundament. b ki SPbSPU. System. Requirements: Power Point. URL: http://www.unilib.neva.ru/dl/local/407/oe/oe.ppt (date of access: 01.11.2003).
114. Economic growth // New Russia: [bibliogr. decree] / compiled by: B. Berkhina, O. Kokovkina, S. Kann; Department of State Public Scientific and Technical Library SB RAS. Novosibirsk, . Update date: 03/06/2007. URL: http://www.prometeus.nsc.ru/biblio/newrus/egrowth.ssi (access date: 03/22/2007).
46. ​​Investments will remain raw materials // PROGNOSIS.RU: daily. online edition 2006. 25 Jan. URL: http://www.prognosis.ru/print.html?id=6464 (access date: 03/19/2007).
9. Housing law: current issues legislation: electronic. magazine 2007. No. 1. URL: http://www.gilpravo.ru (access date: 08/20/2007).

At the same time, you need to understand that along with scientific, peer-reviewed Internet publications, there are (millions of them) web resources of dubious reputation. Therefore, you need to be very careful when using materials from websites and not take them as the ultimate truth. In addition, the abundant use of web resources in the dissertation creates the opinion among readers (reviewers, opponents, expert commissions and members of the dissertation council) that more than half of the dissertation work is copy-paste from the Internet. Therefore, it is better to avoid the massive use of web resources in a dissertation and turn to traditional academic publications published in a printed manner.

Digital Object Identifier - DOI

Digital object identifier - digital object identifier, DOI , Digital Identifier of an Object- standard for designating information about an object presented on the network (usually, but not necessarily, about an electronic document or digital object) GOST R ISO 26324-2015. Information contained in the DOI electronic document, contains an indicator of its location (for example, URL), its name (title), other object identifiers (for example, ISBN for an electronic image of a book) and a set of data (metadata) associated with the object that describes it in a structured and extensible form. There are also digital “DOI copies” of documents that have never been published anywhere before and were originally in digital form.

DOI is accepted in the English-speaking scientific community for the exchange of data between scientists. Essentially, a DOI is a path to a document in a common information-virtual space (usually on the Internet), to obtain necessary information.

A digital entity identifier is a unique string of letters and numbers consisting of two parts: a prefix and a suffix. For example, 10.1000/182,
Where
10.1000 - prefix, or publisher identifier, composed of the identifier attribute (10) and a string indicating the publisher (1000);
182 is a suffix, an object identifier, indicating a specific object.

Publisher prefixes are distributed by DOI Registration Agencies such as CrossRef and DataCite. The suffix is ​​generated by the publisher and must be unique to that publisher. A digital object identifier can combine existing identifiers such as ISBN, International Standard Serial Number or SICI. The digital object identifier is case-insensitive.

Along with this read:

After release // Crime and punishment. 2007. No. 3. P. 75-76.

Preparation of links to legal acts and regulations Constitutional Court Russian Federation, Plenums of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and Supreme Arbitration Court Russian Federation:

1. Constitution of the Russian Federation: adopted by popular vote on December 12, 1993. (ed. dated December 30, 2008) // Ross. gas. 1993. 25 Dec; 2009. 21 Jan.

2. Civil Code of the Russian Federation: Part 1 of November 30, 1994 (as amended on April 6, 2011) // Collection. Russian legislation Federation. 1994. No. 32. Article 3301; 2011. No. 15. Art. 2038.

3. On the state real estate cadastre: federal. Law of July 24, 2007 No. 221-FZ (as amended on December 27, 2009) // Collection. Russian legislation Federation. 2007. No. 31. Article 4017; 2009. No. 52 (part 1). Article 6419.

4. In the case of checking the constitutionality of the provisions of clause 1, clause 2 of the Federal Law “On the entry into force of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation” and part 1 of Article 4 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Privatization” housing stock in the Russian Federation": post. Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated June 15, 2006 No. 6-P // Collection. Russian legislation Federation. 2006. No. 26. Art. 2876.

5. On the practice of assigning types of correctional institutions by courts: post. Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated November 12, 2001 No. 14 // Bulletin of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. 2002. No. 1. P.43.

Note: full description normative act indicating the latest edition and sources of publication of the first and last edition of the act is necessary only at the first mention of the act in the text of the work.

Registration of links to legal monuments:

1. Certificate on the rights, liberties and advantages of the noble Russian nobility (1785, April 21) // Reader on the history of state and law of Russia / comp. Yu.P. Titov. M., 1997. P. 225.

2. Salic truth. Title II. § 5 // Reader on the history of the Middle Ages / ed. S.D. Skazkina. M., 1961. T. I. P. 339.

Note: when describing historical sources of law in a footnote, they adhere to the following rule: first indicate the name of the source and the section of it to which the author of the thesis refers (i.e., the number of the book, chapter, paragraph, article), and then - where the source is published.

1. Bormotov A.V. Security function of an insurance contract in Russian civil law: abstract. dis. ...cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.03. Perm, 2011. P. 9.

2. Dyagilev A.V. Management of federal property: dis. ...cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.14. M., 2002. P. 115.

Rarely do any authors (not only students, but also beginning graduate students and applicants) format footnotes correctly, i.e., in accordance with the GTS. Even different editors often have different requirements for this, since there are variations.
It should be noted that the design of footnotes, in contrast to the design of a list of references (bibliographic description of sources), is carried out in accordance with GOST 7.1-84 “Bibliographic description of a document. General requirements and drafting rules,” that is, somewhat simplified. Further attention should be paid to this circumstance.

We can recommend the researcher (author) a simple way out of this situation: look at scientific publications (especially in legal periodicals) and pay attention to how page-by-page footnotes are formatted in scientific publications - monographs, articles, etc.

There are these rules:

1. If a researcher refers to someone’s work without citing it, then in the footnote it should be put See: – See: Dolgova A.I. Crime, its organization and criminal society. – M., 2003. – P. 142 – 145.

2. If a quotation is given, then See: not included, bibliographic data of the source is immediately provided: Bezmenov A. Ramzan Kadyrov promises to capture Basayev and Maskhadov // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. – 2005. – March 3.

3. When indicating the place of publication, the number of the periodical, the page to which the link follows,
a) you can put a dash, for example: See: Izvestia. RU. – 2005. – March 24.
b) you don’t have to do this; for example: See: Izvestia. RU. 2005. March 24.
However, this requirement must be observed throughout the text.

4. If the citation is not made from the original source, then before the description you should indicate: Quote. from: For example, in the book by Ya.I. Gilinsky is quoted from the work of D.A. Dril "Criminal Man" (1882). The original source is not available to me, but the quote is very appropriate. And I refer to Dril, I use his statement, but at the same time I refer to Ya.I. Gilinsky: Quoted. from: Gilinsky Ya. Criminology. Course of lectures. St. Petersburg, 2002. P. 145.
5. It is important to remember the difference between the signs “-” (dash) and “-” (hyphen). A hyphen is half as long as a dash and is placed exclusively inside difficult words, attributes of documents (criminal law, theoretical and applied, No. 144-FZ, etc.).
In all other cases, a dash is placed.

6. When referring to a book, you can indicate the publisher and number of pages. For example: Konev A.A. Types of “criminals” according to the works of F.M. Dostoevsky (socio-psychological and spiritual-moral portraits): Textbook. Nizhny Novgorod: Publishing House of the Volga-Vyatka Academy of Public Administration, 2005. – 92 p.

But it is also allowed like this: Konev A.A. Types of “criminals” according to the works of F.M. Dostoevsky (socio-psychological and spiritual-moral portraits): Textbook. Nizhny Novgorod, 2005.

7. By the way, in references (and throughout the text) you should follow a simple rule for writing a surname with initials: the space is not placed between the initials, but is placed between the initials and the surname.
For example, you should write: A.A. Konev (spelling A.A. Konev will be incorrect).

Subtextual, or sublinear, which are located at the bottom of the page, under the text behind a horizontal line drawn at 1.5 intervals (samples are given below).

Intratext links are used in cases where information about the source being analyzed is an organic part of the main text. The description in such references is given in parentheses after the cited work. For example: The scientist emphasized that “in certain categories of degenerates and declassed people, crime is increasingly becoming their career” (G. Tarde. Criminal and crime. Translated by E.V. Vystavkina. Edited by M.N. Gernet and with a foreword by N .N. Polyansky. M., 1906. P. 263).

Beyond the text - in which the sources of quotations are indicated in the form of references to a numbered list of references placed at the end of the text (article, scientific, term paper or dissertation), which are given in parentheses after the cited work; For example: The scientist emphasized that “in certain categories of degenerates and declassed people, crime is increasingly becoming their career” (37; 263).
That is, 37 is the serial number of the source in the numbered list of used literature: 37. Tarde G. Criminal and crime. Per. E.V. Exhibition. Ed. M.N. Gernet and with a preface. N.N. Polyansky. M., 1906.

1. Footnote to the normative act:

See: On operational investigative activities: Law of the Russian Federation of August 12, 1995 No. 144-FZ // Collection. legislation of the Russian Federation. 1995. No. 33. Art. 3349.
Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the case of verifying the constitutionality of paragraph 3 of Article 1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of May 20, 1993 “On social protection citizens exposed to radiation as a result of the accident in 1957 at the Mayak production association and discharges radioactive waste into the Techa River" in connection with the complaint of citizen V.S. Kornilov dated March 11, 1996 // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 1996. No. 14. Art. 1550.
On approval of the Instructions for organizing interaction between departments and services of internal affairs bodies in the investigation and detection of crimes: Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated June 20, 1996 No. 334 // Bulletin of Current Legislation. Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Vol. 16. 1996. Part 3.

2. Footnote to the book, multi-volume edition:

Giske A.V. The fight against crime in the system of ensuring internal security of Russian society: Monograph. M., 2001. S. 262 – 263.
Dal V. Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language: In 4 volumes. T.1: A - Z. M., 1994. P. 668.

3. Footnote to the article:

a) in the newspaper: Borisov T. Suicide is a matter of technology // Russian newspaper. 2004. December 4;
b) in the journal: Igitova I.V. Mechanism for the implementation of the European Convention “On the Protection of Rights and Freedoms” // State and Law. 1997. No. 1. P. 76 – 82;
c) in the encyclopedia: Pavlenko S.Z. Security of culture // Russian criminological encyclopedia / Ed. ed. Doctor of Law, Prof., Convicted lawyer of the RSFSR, President of the Russian Criminological Association A.I. Debt. M., 2000. P. 67;
d) in the collection scientific works: Kleymenov M.P. Forecasting criminological security // Patterns of crime, struggle strategy and law / Ed. A. I. Dolgovoy. M., 2001. P.42;
e) in a collective monograph: Matuzov N.I. Law and personality // General theory of law. Course of lectures / Under general. ed. V.K. Babaeva. N. Novgorod, 1993. P. 222.
f) in the collective textbook: Dolgova A.I. Determination and causation of crime // Criminology: Textbook for law schools / Ed. ed. A.I. Debt. M., 1997. S. 179 – 316;

4. Footnote to the dissertation:

See: Shapiev S.M. Crime and society. Criminological theoretical and applied research: Thesis... Doctor of Law. Sci. St. Petersburg, 2000. P. 196.

Yaroshenko O.N. Murder: concept and qualification: Author's abstract. dis...cand. legal Sci. N. Novgorod. 2003. P. 15.

6. Above are examples of primary footnotes. But there is also a primary or repeated footnote (to the same source):

If the link is made again on one or the next page (shortly after the primary one, for example: Ter-Akopov A.A. Legal security of a person in the Russian Federation (Fundamentals of the concept) // State and Law. 2001. No. 9. P. 11 – 18), then the link is formatted as follows:
Ter-Akopov A.A. Decree. Op. P. 9.
If the link is made for the third or fourth time, then it is written:
Right there. P. 10.
In more remote place of the same text or in the case of references to several works of the same author, the truncated title of the work is subsequently reproduced: Ter-Akopov A.A. Legal security of a person in the Russian Federation (Fundamentals of the concept). P.27.

Legislative materials

Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Extradition // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. 2000. No. 23. Art. 2348.

UN Security Council Resolution 1368 of September 12, 2001 // Moscow Journal international law. 2002. No. 1. P. 17 – 20.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. 1998. December 9, or: International instruments about human rights. Collection of documents. M., 1998. S. 39 – 43.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights: adopted and proclaimed by the General. UN Assembly 10 Dec. 1948 // Ross. gas. – 1998. – December 10. – P. 4.

Charter of the Commonwealth Independent States dated January 22, 1993 // Russian newspaper. 1993. February 12.

* * *
Constitution of the Russian Federation: adopted by popular vote on December 12. 1993 (taking into account the amendments introduced by the laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 No. 6-FKZ and dated December 30, 2008 No. 7-ARP) // Russian newspaper. – 2009. January 21, No. 7 (4831).

On the judicial system of the Russian Federation: federal. constitutional law. - Official ed. – M.: Legal. lit., 1997. – 21 p.
On federal target programs to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation for 2001–2002: (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 25, 2000 No. 625). – M.: [b. i.], 2000. – p.
About education: federal. law. – M.: Infra-M, 2002. – 54 p. – (Federal Law; issue 28).
Regulations on the order of passage military service: Decree of the President of Russia. Federations: issues of military service. services: ed. decrees of the President of Russia. Federation from 15 Oct. 1999 No. 1366 (SZ RF, 1999, No. 42, Art. 5008); from 10 Apr. 2000 No. 653 (SZ RF, 2000, No. 16, Art. 1678); dated June 26, 2000 No. 1175 (SZ RF, 2000, No. 27, Art. 2819); from April 17 2003 No. 444 (SZ RF, 2003, No. 16, Art. 1508). – 4th ed. – M.: Os-89, 2004. – 79 p.
Federal Law “On Advocacy and the Bar in the Russian Federation”: comes into force on July 1, 2002 – St. Petersburg. : Peter, 2002. – 48 p.
Labor Code of the Russian Federation: federal. law of December 30 2001 No. 197-FZ. – M.: OTiSS, 2002. – 142 p.
Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. – M.: Publishing house “Omega-L”, 2007. – 192 p.
Law of the Russian Federation of March 5, 1992 No. 2646-1 “On Security” (as amended by the Law of the Russian Federation of December 22, 1992 No. 4235-1, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 24, 1993 No. 2288 // Security of Russia. Fundamental state documents . Part 1. – M., 1998. pp. 117 - 121.

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 10, 2000 No. 24 “On the Concept national security Russian Federation" // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. 2000. January 18.
2. Determination of the judicial panel of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated March 30, 1999 “On establishing the fact political repression V judicial procedure» // Bulletin of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. 1999. No. 7. P. 3 – 4.
3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 15, 1999 No. 1040 “On measures to counter terrorism” // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. 1999. September 18.

II. BOOKS, ARTICLES (arranged in alphabetical order).
III. DISSERTATIONS (arranged in alphabetical order).
IV. ABSTRACTS (arranged in alphabetical order).
V. REFERENCE LITERATURE (dictionaries, reference books, etc.).
VI. SOURCES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES (in original language, in alphabetical order).
VII. Electronic edition.

When describing the work, it is necessary to be guided by certain
rules (bibliographic description can be found in any publication or on back side title page(2nd page, the number of which is not indicated). Suggested examples:

1. When bibliographically describing one author:

Kudryavtsev V.N. Crime and morals of a transitional society. M., 2002. 238 p.
Options (depending on publisher's requirements).
Kudryavtsev V.N. Crime and morals of a transitional society. M., 2002.
Kudryavtsev V.N. Crime and morals of a transitional society. M.: Gardariki, 2002. 238 p.
Kudryavtsev V.N. Crime and morals of a transitional society / V.N. Kudryavtsev. M., 2002. 238 p.
Kudryavtsev V.N. Crime and morals of a transitional society / V.N. Kudryavtsev. M.: Gardariki, 2002. 238 p.

2. When bibliographically describing a publication by two or three authors (the name of the first of them is indicated):

Arefiev A.Yu. Determination of the state of crime and criminological forecasting / A.Yu. Arefiev, A.P. Volkov, A.A. Glukhova. Nizhny Novgorod, 1999.

3. When bibliographically describing a publication by four or more authors, all of them are indicated in alphabetical order after the main entry (title of the publication):

Crimes in the economic sphere (in definitions and diagrams): Textbook / I.N. Bokova, S.V. Izosimov, V.I. Kanygin, A.P. Kuznetsov // Under general. ed. A.P. Kuznetsova. N. Novgorod, 2004. 228 p.

4. When describing collections:

New criminal realities and responses to them / Ed. prof. A.I. Debt. M., 2005. 300 p.

5. When describing materials of conferences, congresses, symposia, round tables:

Current problems of ensuring personal and property security of the population at the municipal level: materials of the Round Table (December 2004) / Comp. S.L. Sibiryakov, A.I. Bortenev, Yu.M. Fetyukhin. Volgograd, 2005. 203 p.
Milestones of Russian-German relations: Materials of the International. scientific conf., Volgograd, May 24-27, 2001/Rus. state Volgograd University: Volgogr Publishing House. state Univ., 2001. 183 p.
8. When describing a multi-volume publication:
Alekseev S.S. General theory of law: in 2 volumes / S.S. Alekseev. M., 1999. T. 2. 347 p.

7. When describing a separate volume (issue) of an ongoing
collection:

Bulletin of Nizhny Novgorod University named after. N.I. Lobachevsky. Law Series. Issue 1(6). The idea of ​​constitutionalism in the Russian Federation and abroad and the practice of its implementation. N. Novgorod: UNN Publishing House, 2003. 265 p.

Modern political history Russia: 1985 - 1998 / Under general. ed. V.I. Zorkaltseva, A.I. Podberezkina. - 2nd ed., add. and processed - M.: RAU - Corporation, 2000. - T.2: Faces of Russia. - 961 p.

8. When describing a component part of a document - for example, a work from a collective publication (textbook, monograph, encyclopedia):
Starkov O.V. Penitentiary crime / O.V. Starkov // Criminology. Textbook for law schools / Ed. ed. doc. legal Sciences, Professor A.I. Debt. M., 1997. S. 647 – 726.
Gorshenkov G.N. Fundamentals of criminology of mass communications / G.N. Gorshenkov // Crime among social subsystems. New concept and branches of criminology / Ed. doc. legal Sciences, Professor D.A. Shestakova. St. Petersburg, 2003. P. 117 – 185.
Zhilinsky S.E. Legal culture / S.E. Zhilinsky // Russian criminological encyclopedia / Ed. ed. doc. legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the RSFSR Yugoslavia, President of the Russian Criminological Association A.I. Debt. M., 2000. P. 508 511.
9. When describing the dissertation:

Kulakov A.F. Political crime: criminological and legal aspects: dis. ...cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.08: protected 19.06.02: approved. 09.27.02 / Kulakov Alexander Feodosievich. Ryazan, 2002. 158 p. Bibliography: pp. 159–173.

Gazimzyanov R.R. Corruption crime in the Republic of Tatarstan at the turn of the century (criminological research): Abstract of thesis. dis...cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.08 / R.R. Gazimzyanov. Nizhny Novgorod, 2005. 24 p.

11. Examples of bibliographic descriptions of electronic publications
on the Internet:

1. From Consultant Plus:
On amendments and additions to the Federal Law “On Veterans”: Feder. Law of the Russian Federation, November 27. 2002, No. 158-FZ // Consultant Plus Version Prof. [Electron. resource] / JSC "Consultant Plus". M., 2002.