What is sambo? Features of martial art. Combat Sambo

Self-defense without weapons (SAMBO) is one of the few types of martial arts that have exclusively Russian roots. It was developed taking into account the Russian mentality, but with the possibility of superiority over other sports: boxing, judo, jiu-jitsu, etc. Its birth and rapid development occurred in the time preceding the Great Patriotic War. Officially, the date of birth is considered to be 1938. Historians attribute quite a lot to the Founding Fathers large number people, and are still arguing about this topic.

The only thing that can be said with great confidence is that sambo is a symbiosis of a colossal number of martial arts studied in the countries of the Asian region. Over time, representatives of traditional schools of martial arts themselves recognized the right of sambo to take an honorable place among others with thousands of years of history.

What is sambo and what types of it exist?

During the development of freestyle wrestling, as sambo was originally called, the task was set to be able to use it in any extreme conditions: outdoors in winter, in a cramped room, etc. The country's security forces, for which this type of fight was developed, had to be able to disarm and detain a criminal without lethal results, using painful techniques. In 1947, freestyle wrestling acquired its modern name.

The uniqueness of sambo in general, as a form of wrestling, lies in its constant development. The baggage of techniques used numbers in the thousands, and is replenished every year, becoming more and more effective. The techniques are built into a specific system and are used based on the opponent’s attack options. The training system for athletes of this type is recognized in the world as one of the best. According to statistics, on at the moment it is studied in more than seventy countries around the world.

Over time, schools for studying sambo became available to ordinary citizens. The requirement of knowledge of basic self-defense techniques was included in the standards of the Second Degree GTO. At the same time, it was divided into types:

Sports(classical) - anyone can start practicing, international competitions are held, it is recognized as an Olympic sport, but was never included in the program of the Olympic Games;
Combat– was originally intended exclusively for the police, border troops, KGB and other special forces. Over time, this type of self-defense became publicly available and also gained universal popularity. But certain applications are still taught only in units of law enforcement agencies.

Sports (classical) sambo

A type of martial arts that involves effective defense during an attack and is defensive. A certain set of rules has been developed. Athletes are divided by age, gender and weight categories. Victory is awarded based on points scored for performing power techniques. Thanks to a painful or choking technique, it is possible to win an early victory in a fight. It can also be awarded for an effective throw.

This is sport in its purest form, in the best traditions of wrestling international level. Present minimal risk of injury. Suitable for those who have a desire to learn self-defense techniques, improve physical fitness, increase strength and endurance. If you decide to send your child to play sports, this is an option, an excellent alternative to martial arts. At the same time, the set of techniques being mastered is suitable not only for self-defense, but will allow you to continue training in such an Olympic form as Japanese judo.

Designed more for offense than defense. In addition to using the wrestling arsenal from classical sambo, striking techniques are allowed. There are strict age restrictions on the use of painful and choking techniques. Blows can be applied with any part of the body to the entire body of the opponent, with the exception of those strictly specified by the rules. pain points. To minimize injuries, protective equipment is used: a helmet used in amateur boxing, a mouthguard to protect teeth, soft gloves that do not interfere with grips.

Due to the capabilities of the technology used, the fights look dynamic and do not take a long time, as they often end in knockdowns and knockouts. They have gained enormous popularity in mixed martial arts due to their versatile use in combat.

What do they have in common?

Designed for protection without weapons.
Have one general history and country of creation.
An effective remedy for physical development and increasing endurance.
We have integrated all the best techniques of world martial arts;
In meaning and spirit it is much closer to the Russian people than martial arts.
As a result of training, a sense of balance develops, one’s own in relation to the enemy.
International tournaments are held.

Existing main differences

Combat sambo was developed for law enforcement agencies. Classic look, This adapted version for self-defense of the civilian population.
In Sambo, defense is carried out “softly”, without attacking. The combat type attacks harshly, using all methods of influencing the enemy. Complete and quick neutralization of the enemy is his main task. For this reason, it is often positioned as a form of mixed martial arts.
Study sporty look Sambo is possible at any age. When switching to its combat version, it is advisable to have the baggage of classic sambo behind you.
The entertainment and dynamism of sparring matches in combat sambo increases the risk of various injuries to athletes. In the sports version, such cases are rare.

When choosing which type of sambo to practice, do not forget for what purposes each type of this original Russian was invented martial art.

A very simple question and at the same time quite complex.
To me, as a person who has been practicing sambo for half of my adult life, the answer is obvious. Because sambo is best view a sport that gives the athlete strength, agility, constant spiritual and mental development, and gives skills that really help in real life.

At the same time, it is quite difficult to explain to a person who is just at a crossroads and choosing which sport to choose for himself or for his child, why sambo stands out among other types of wrestling. In this article I will try to objectively evaluate all the qualities of Sambo wrestling, ignite in the reader a spark of love for this sport and, perhaps, help them choose this particular sport.
What is sambo? Sambo is a type of wrestling in clothes that originated in the Soviet Union in the 30s of the 20th century. Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev is considered the founder of this type of wrestling. Sambo is derived from the phrase “self-defense without weapons” and this is where all the strength and depth of this type of struggle lies. Based on various types national martial arts cultivated in the Soviet Union (such as Georgian wrestling, Tatar wrestling, etc.) and Japanese judo wrestling - Sambo wrestling has absorbed the best techniques and techniques aimed at working in real conditions and initially served to train law enforcement officers.
It is worth noting that sambo is equally accessible to both boys and girls, and men and women of all ages. Today, Sambo includes two sections: sports and combat - this is a powerful technical level based on many years of experience in the development of wrestling, a huge throwing arsenal, many painful holds and prone wrestling techniques. In addition to this, combat sambo contains developed offensive and defensive striking techniques with hands and feet, as well as choking techniques. Such a number of techniques forces you to constantly keep your muscles and mind under tension, think about every next move of the enemy and choose various tactics and techniques that will help you defeat a cunning and prepared opponent. Thus, Sambo gives maximum breadth and flexibility in preparing an athlete for any situation, both on the mat and in life.

Sambo tournaments are held at all levels, the highest level being the World Championship. Unfortunately, sambo, although recognized as an Olympic sport, is not yet included in the program of the Olympic Games, but given the pace of development of this type of wrestling in the world, one can hope for the early appearance of sambo in the Olympics.

For those who are interested bit system in sambo wrestling, it is worth noting that ranks are assigned in accordance with the current sambo wrestling rules, which may change at different times. I will only note the general requirements: to obtain the initial ranks, a wrestler, as a rule, needs to have a certain arsenal of techniques; to receive the titles of candidate master and master of sports, a sambo wrestler must win regional and all-Russian level tournaments, as well as master tournaments. To obtain titles over high level the athlete needs to defeat his opponents at international competitions. But don't expect easy victories modern level Sambo wrestling is so high that you have to spend more than one year training to achieve serious results. The scoring system in sambo is objective and transparent - points are awarded in accordance with the current wrestling rules, depending on which part of the body the opponent fell on when the sambo wrestler threw. Basically these are 1, 2 and 4 points. Victory is awarded for performing a clean throw, a certain superiority in the number of points over the opponent (usually a difference of 12 points leads the wrestler to victory), for successful painful holds, and in combat sambo also for choking techniques, knockouts and knockdowns.

A story about Sambo wrestling would be incomplete without mentioning injuries on the wrestling mat. Yes, when practicing sambo you need to take into account the risk of bruises, sprains, dislocations, and even fractures. If there is a predisposition, then retinal detachment is possible due to falls and head hits, and blurred vision. But if you perform all exercises in accordance with the instructions of the trainer and undergo an annual medical examination at a sports dispensary, the risk of serious injury is minimal. Do not forget that when playing any sport there is a possibility of injury, even when playing chess you can damage your eyesight and develop scoliosis. But all the risks of injury pale in comparison to how Sambo training improves health. Endurance and lung capacity increase, the heart and bones become stronger, and muscles develop. Improves stability, coordination, speed and reaction. Sambo wrestling builds character and increases self-confidence. It’s not for nothing that wrestlers are always portrayed as fit, broad-shouldered heroes.
In conclusion, I want to say that once I chose Sambo for myself, I never regretted it, and even though I did not reach the top of the podium at high-level competitions, I continue to practice to this day with full dedication and great pleasure. Yes, there were times when it was hard, there were times when there were injuries, there were times when I wanted to give up everything because I was tired, because I was tired, or because I just didn’t have enough time. However, whenever I returned to the mat, a new light was lit in me, forcing me to move forward, learn new things and achieve my goals not only in the wrestling room, but also in life.

So why sambo?
By choosing sambo as a main or additional hobby for yourself or your child, rest assured that you will become physically strong and resilient, master a large arsenal of techniques that will help you stand up for yourself and your loved ones in difficult life situations, and your child will grow up developed and healthy. , self-confident, with clear life positions and a strong character.

Sambo is a unique domestic martial art, popular all over the world.
Sambo is an international sport worthy of becoming an Olympic sport.
Sambo is the only sport in the world where Russian is recognized as the official language of international communication.

Sambo traditions and philosophy

Sambo is not only a type of combat sports, it is an educational system that promotes the development of a person’s moral and volitional qualities, patriotism and citizenship.

Sambo is the science of defense, not attack. Sambo not only teaches self-defense, but also provides rich life experience that forms a strong male character, stamina and endurance, which are necessary in work and social activities.

Sambo promotes the development of self-discipline, forms internal moral support and a strong personal position in achieving life goals. Sambo forms the social support of society, people who are able to stand up for themselves, for their family, for their Motherland.

Sambo traditions are rooted in the culture of the peoples of Russia, in folk species struggle.

Sambo includes the best practices of national martial arts: fist fight, Russian, Georgian, Tatar, Armenian, Kazakh, Uzbek wrestling; Finnish-French, free-American, English wrestling of Lancashire and Cumberland styles, Swiss, Japanese judo and sumo and other types of martial arts.

Such a system, aimed at searching for everything that is advanced and expedient, formed the basis of the philosophy of sambo - the philosophy of constant development, renewal, openness to everything better. Along with wrestling techniques, sambo also absorbed the moral principles of the peoples who passed on part of their culture to sambo. These values gave Sambo the strength to go through the harsh tests of time, to survive and become stronger in them. And today, when children engage in Sambo, they not only learn to defend themselves, but also gain experience in worthy behavior based on the values of patriotism and citizenship.

The history of sambo is closely connected with the history of the country, the history of victories. This is a living symbol of the continuity of generations.

The history of sambo - the history of Russia

The formation of sambo took place in the 1920s-1930s, when the young Soviet state was in dire need of social institution, ensuring its protection, uniting active members of society, and also capable of becoming effective tool socialization of a huge number of homeless and neglected children and adolescents.

From the very beginning, sambo developed in two directions: as a mass sport and as effective remedy training personnel for law enforcement agencies.

Since 1923 in the Moscow sports society "Dynamo"V.A. Spiridonov cultivates a specific applied discipline - “self-defense”. At the Dynamo base, various martial arts were studied, including national types of wrestling of the peoples of the world, boxing and other striking techniques. This direction was closed and was intended exclusively for training special forces.

During the same period, sports sambo, initially known as “freestyle wrestling,” was actively developing. Graduate of the Kodokan Judo Institute, holder of the second danV.S. Oshchepkov starts teaching judo as academic discipline at the Moscow Institute of Physical Education, but is gradually moving away from the canons of judo in search of the most effective techniques, is engaged in enriching and improving self-defense techniques, forming the foundations of a new type of martial arts. Over time, Spiridonov’s self-defense system merged with Oshchepkov’s system, and with the direct participation of other founders (A.A. Kharlampieva, E.M. Chumakova ) modern sambo was formed, which retained two directions: sports and combat.

Since its foundation, sambo has been considered as an effective means of comprehensive physical development of a person, increasing his agility, strength, endurance, nurturing tactical thinking, and developing civic and patriotic qualities. Already in the 1930s. Sambo is included in the standards of the GTO complex, developed under active participation V.S. Oshchepkova. Millions of Soviet citizens with early age learned the basics of self-defense without weapons, improved health, and developed character.

On November 16, 1938, the All-Union Committee on Physical Culture and Sports issued Order No. 633 “On the development of freestyle wrestling (sambo).” “This wrestling,” the order says, “formed from the most valuable elements of the national types of wrestling of our vast Union and some of the best techniques from other types of wrestling, is an extremely valuable sport in its variety of techniques and applications.” A decision was made to organize a sambo training system in all republics of the USSR, and the “All-Union Freestyle Wrestling (Sambo) Section” was created, which later became the Sambo Federation. Next year the first national championship in the new sport will take place.

The beginning of the Great Patriotic War interrupted the holding of the USSR championships. But the war became a tough test of the viability of sambo in combat conditions. Athletes and coaches trained in Sambo defended their Motherland with honor, participated in the training of fighters and commanders, and fought in the ranks of the active army. Sambo wrestlers were awarded military orders and medals, many of them became Heroes Soviet Union.

In the 1950s, sambo entered the international arena and repeatedly proved its effectiveness. In 1957, fighting against Hungarian judokas, Soviet sambo wrestlers won a convincing victory in two friendly matches with a total score of 47:1. Two years later, the sambo wrestlers repeated their success, already in meetings with judokas of the GDR. On the eve of the Olympic Games in Tokyo, Soviet sambo wrestlers, fighting according to the rules of judo, defeated the Czechoslovakian team, and then defeated the European judo champions, the French team. In 1964, Soviet sambo wrestlers represented the country at Olympic Games in Tokyo, where judo makes its debut. As a result of the triumphant performance of the USSR national team, which took second place in the team competition, Japan created its own Sambo Federation the following year. An exchange of coaches and athletes is organized, transferred to Japanese methodological literature in sambo. The process of actively using methods of training sambo wrestlers and methods of conducting a fight in sambo to improve judo begins.

In 1966 at the congress International Federation Amateur wrestling (FILA) Sambo is officially recognized as an international sport. The popularity of sambo began to grow steadily around the world. The very next year, the first international sambo tournament took place in Riga, in which athletes from Yugoslavia, Japan, Mongolia, Bulgaria and the USSR took part. In 1972, the first European Open Championship took place, and in 1973, the first World Championship, in which athletes from 11 countries took part. In subsequent years, European and world championships and international tournaments are regularly held. Sambo federations are being created in Spain, Greece, Israel, the USA, Canada, France and other countries. In 1977, sambists competed at the Pan American Games for the first time; In the same year, the World Sambo Cup was played for the first time. In 1979, the first World Youth Championships were held, followed two years later by the first World Women's Championships. Also in 1981, sambo entered the Bolivarian Games of South America.

Despite all the active development and growth of international popularity in the 70-80s, sambo was not included in the program of the Olympic Games.

In the 70-80s, continuing the traditions of mass development, sambo was widely spread in the country's universities. A large number of students passed through the sambo sections of universities and institutes of the Soviet Union, the sports society "Burevestnik", who have now become successful statesmen, athletes, military men, scientists, form an active part of the all-Russian sambo community. At the same time, active work was carried out to develop sambo at the place of residence and in institutions of additional sports education, and to train highly qualified athletes.

In 1985, the USSR State Committee for Physical Culture and Sports adopted a resolution “On the state and measures for the development of sambo wrestling”, which contributed to a significant increase in the number of sports schools cultivating sambo, an increase in the total number of students, and improved training of highly qualified athletes. Under the auspices of the USSR State Sports Committee, sambo competitions were held among military-patriotic clubs for prizes of the USSR National Olympic Committee. Sambo wrestling became the only non-Olympic sport that received broad government support.

The 1990s were a difficult period for sambo. Under the conditions of perestroika, various types of martial arts became especially popular, which was greatly facilitated by Western cinema, which promoted the spectacular techniques of karate, aikido, wushu, etc. Previously banned by the state, these martial arts have become especially attractive to the population. But already in the late 1990s - early 2000s, a new discipline was emerging - combat sambo.

In combat sambo, sports sambo techniques are allowed to be used, as well as actions permitted by the competition rules of all existing martial arts (including striking techniques).

The formation and development of combat sambo made it possible to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of sambo against the background of various types and styles of martial arts, and became a powerful incentive for improving sambo. In 2001, the first Russian Combat Sambo Championship took place. In 2002 State Committee The Russian Federation for Physical Culture and Sports issued a decree approving the new discipline “combat sambo”.

The 2000s became the time active development sambo, primarily due to strengthening regional federations sambo, level up state support, growth in funding, improvement in the level of training of athletes, development of a system of sports events.

In 2003, by the decision of the State Sports Committee of Russia, sambo was officially recognized as a national and priority sport in Russian Federation.

Sambo is a domestic sport of Russia

Today in Russia sambo is one of the most mass species sports. Due to its accessibility (does not require expensive sports facilities and equipment) and its role in social life society, sambo is developing in 72 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

More than 300 thousand Russians practice Sambo, including 60 thousand young athletes in 589 branches of sports schools and clubs throughout Russia.

The main places of initial preparation and educational training sessions for young amateur athletes are clubs at the place of residence, sports halls of educational institutions, institutions of additional education, sports clubs and sections, sports halls of voluntary sports societies, etc. An extensive network of organizations and institutions implementing activities attracting children and teenagers to regular classes is the basis for increasing the popularity and mass participation of sambo.

The most developed network of sambo branches is in sports schools Altai, Krasnodar, Perm, Primorsky territories, the Republic of Bashkortostan, Samara, Saratov, Sverdlovsk, Kemerovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Orenburg regions, St. Petersburg, Moscow and Moscow region.

A lot of work on the popularization and development of sambo, the preparation of sports reserves, and the organization of mass sports events is carried out by unique sambo centers that have no analogues in the world: “World Sambo Academy” (Kstovo, Nizhny Novgorod region), “Sambo-70 Education Center” (Moscow).

More than 100 athletes high class improve sports skills in the sambo departments of the Olympic reserve schools of the Republic of Buryatia, Chuvash Republic, Primorsky Krai, Irkutsk, Kurgan, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Penza, Saratov and Sverdlovsk regions.

Every year more than 12 thousand athletes fulfill the standards for mass sports categories.

Every year, more than 150 competitions are held at the all-Russian level - Russian championships among men and women, championships among juniors, boys, juniors and girls, among veterans, as well as championships among students; Russian cups, tournaments dedicated to the memory of the country's outstanding athletes, significant dates in the history of the Fatherland. The annual holding of the international youth sambo tournament ‘Victory’ among national teams of hero cities and federal districts on the eve of Victory Day in one of the hero cities has become deeply symbolic. Russia regularly hosts the most prestigious international tournaments, such as the Presidential Sambo Cup of the Russian Federation, the A.A. Memorial World Super Cup. Kharlampieva" and others. Russia has repeatedly received the honor of hosting European and World Championships.

Sambo is an integral element of physical and special training personnel of Russian security forces. Thus, sambo is used to train employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB, and GRU special forces.

Championships of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Main Internal Affairs Directorate, and the Internal Affairs Directorate are held regularly in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; in 2010 it was combined for the first time with the championship of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Also, since 2010, the Russian FSB Championship has been held.

Legendary athletes

The Russian national sambo team maintains the prestige of the Fatherland in the international sports arena, confidently winning victories in the team competition. Russians regularly become prize-winners of European and world championships, and in many weight categories Russian athletes are the strongest in the international sports arena. Honored Masters of Sports - eleven-time world champions - glorified their form of martial artsMurat Khasanov AndIrina Rodina , seven-time world championRais Rakhmatullin , six-time world championsSergey Lopovok, Svetlana Galyant , four-time world champion in combat sambo, multiple world champion in mixed style fightingFedor Emelianenko , winners of the First World Martial Arts GamesMarianna Alieva, Ekaterina Onoprienko AndBair Omoktuev (combat sambo).

Sambo in the world: Olympic prospects

One of the greatest achievements of the past decades has been the formation of a close-knit sambo community. Both in Russia and in the world, thousands of people who have undergone and live Sambo are united by its values, principles and ideals. The accessibility, entertainment, and high effectiveness of sambo as a form of martial arts have allowed it to gain wide international recognition. Today people practice sambo all over the world, on different continents - in Europe, Asia, America, Africa, Australia. Sambo is developing in 77 countries of the world, in 66 countries there are national federations that are part of the International Amateur Sambo Federation (FIAS).

Currently, sambo has a solid foundation for active development.

Sambo is included in the official program of the World Martial Arts Games “SportAccord” and the World Summer Universiade 2013, along with Olympic sports.

The number of amateur and professional athletes is growing every year. The main task on a global scale is to join the Olympic family. The Sambo community is doing difficult and painstaking work to recognize Sambo as an Olympic sport.

Combat Sambo

Emblem of the All-Russian Sambo Federation.

Sambo(a compound word derived from the phrase “ myself protection b without O guns") is a type of martial arts, as well as a comprehensive system of self-defense, developed in the USSR as a result of the synthesis of many national types of martial arts and, in particular, judo. It is one of the types of wrestling in clothes. The official date of birth of this sport is considered to be November 16 of the year in which it was published. Order of the All-Union Committee for Physical Culture and Sports under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 633 “On the development of freestyle wrestling” ("freestyle wrestling" was the original name of the sport, later renamed "sambo").

Sambo is divided into two types: sambo sports And combat.

History and philosophy of sambo

Founders of Sambo

At the moment there is no consensus on who is the founder of sambo. Officially, the founder of sambo wrestling is Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev, whose book “Sambo wrestling” was published many times in the Soviet Union. Anatoly Arkadyevich chaired the scientific and methodological conference of the “1st All-Union Coaching Camp”, held in May 1938, at which the main issues of the creation and development of “freestyle wrestling” were discussed, and was also appointed senior coach of the camp. He was the first to head the “All-Union Freestyle Wrestling Section” organized in 1938 (the future Sambo Federation).

Most sources believe, however, that the foundations of the struggle were laid even before Kharlampiev. The foundation was laid by Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov (whose student was Kharlampiev) and Viktor Afanasyevich Spiridonov (1881-1943).

Oshchepkov was an excellent judoka, a student of Jigoro Kano, the third European to receive second dan in judo at the Kodokan (personally from Jigoro Kano). Oshchepkov fell victim to general spy mania, was arrested, accused of spying for Japan along with other intelligence officers of the 4th Directorate of the NKVD, and died in prison 10 days after his arrest from a heart attack. Oshchepkov was rehabilitated this year.

Spiridonov was an officer in the Russian Imperial Army and later worked in the NKVD system. He studied jujutsu even before the 1917 revolution. He headed the work in the field of applied sports discipline “self-defense without weapons” in the Dynamo society.

After the death of Oshchepkov, Kharlampiev became the head of the “All-Union Freestyle Wrestling Section”, since Spiridonov could not be public figure. The study of the struggle of the peoples of the USSR began under Oshchepkov. Spiridonov, in addition to jujutsu, was an expert in boxing and savat (although these techniques were not included in sports sambo as they were dangerous).

Combat Sambo

Unlike sambo wrestling, the task of a sports match is not only to demonstrate the throwing technique of wrestling in clothes or technique painful techniques. In a combat sambo match, it is the effectiveness of technical actions to eliminate physical aggression that is important.

The solution to the problem of a sports match is the voluntary recognition of one of the participants as being defeated, or through his obvious inability to fight. That is why in combat sambo it is possible to use a technical arsenal from any type of combat sports. For example: throws and holds through clothing grabs, painful effects on ligaments and joints (typical of sambo and judo), throws through classic body grabs (characteristic of freestyle and classic styles), suffocating effects through grabbing clothing (typical of judo) and body parts (this is closer to mixed martial arts), all kinds of punches and kicks (typical of various types of striking martial arts).

Sambo rules

There are seven age groups in sambo competitions:

Group	Men	Women
Teenagers	11-12 years old	11-12 years old
Younger age	13-14 years old	13-14 years old
Middle age	15-16 years old	15-16 years old
Older age	17-18 years old	17-18 years old
Juniors	19-20 years old	19-20 years old
Adults	19 years and older	19 years and older
Veterans		35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60 and older

Sambo is divided into weight categories depending on age and gender.

Dress code

Modern rules provide for the following participant costume: special red or blue colors, belt and panties (shorts), as well as sneakers for sambo wrestling (or sambo wrestling). In addition, participants are provided with a protective bandage (swimming trunks or non-metallic shell), and participants are provided with a bra and a one-piece swimsuit.

Sambo jackets and belts are made from cotton fabric. The sleeve of the jacket is wrist-length, and has a width that leaves at least 10 cm of clearance to the arm. The jacket's tails are not long, 15 cm below the waist.

Wrestling shoes are boots made of soft leather with soft soles, without protruding hard parts (for which all seams must be sealed inside). Ankles and feet in the joint area thumb protected by leather-covered felt pads.

Briefs are made of wool, half-woolen or synthetic knitwear, must be one color and cover the upper third of the thigh.

Famous sambo wrestlers

Today, the most famous sambo wrestler in the world is Russian Fedor Emelianenko, a multiple World Champion in mixed martial arts, who is currently considered the strongest heavyweight in this sport according to many publications.

First Vice-President of the Russian Sambo Federation Vladimir Pogodin. Died on September 14, 2008 in a plane crash in Perm.

Honored Master of Sports in Sambo, World Champion in Sambo, six-time USSR Champion in Sambo, Honored Trainer of the USSR, creator and Honorary President of the Russian vocational school“Sambo 70”, President of the International Amateur Sambo Federation (FIAS) - Rudman, David Lvovich

Head of the SAMBO and JUDO team of CSKA (early 60s), head coach of the USSR Armed Forces team, coach of the USSR national team Georgy Nikolaevich Zvyagintsev

Literature

Kharlampiev A. A. SAMBO system (collection of documents and materials, 1933-1944). - M.: Zhuravlev, 2003 - 160 p., ill. ISBN 5-94775-003-1. For the first time, documents on the history of the emergence and development of sambo have been published, previously unpublished, or published in small-circulation departmental publications more than 70 years ago. The compiler of the collection is the son of Anatoly Kharlampiev. Contents of the book on sambo.spb.ru.
Kharlampiev A. A. SAMBO wrestling. M.: “Physical Culture and Sports”, 1964. - 388 pp. Scanned version of the book on the website sambo.spb.ru
Rudman D. L. SELF-DEFENSE Without Weapons from Viktor Spiridonov to Vladimir Putin. - M.: 2003 - 208 pp., ill. ISBN 0-9723741-8-3 (English), ISBN 5-98326-001-4 (Russian)
Rudman D. L. SAMBO. Lying wrestling technique. Protection. -M.: “Physical Education and Sports”, 1983. - 256 p., ill.
Lukashev M. N. Pedigree of SAMBO. - M.: “Physical Education and Sports”, 1986. - 160 p.
Kolodnikov I. P. SAMBO wrestling. - M.: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1960. - 80 p., ill.
Zezyulin F. M. SAMBO: Educational and methodological manual. - Vladimir, 2003. - 180 p., ill. 1000 copies ISBN 5-93035-081-7
Shulika Yu. A. Combat SAMBO and applied martial arts. - Rostov n/a: “Phoenix” 2004 - 224 p., ill. ISBN 5-222-04657-5. Contents and introduction on sambo.spb.ru.

Links and notes

Links

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

Combat Sambo is a martial arts that was created back in the 30s on the territory of the USSR specifically to train law enforcement officers. At that time, sambo did not belong to the sports disciplines, and was generally considered prohibited for study by civilians. In 1991, combat sambo was opened to everyone and also became a separate sport. The first championship took place in 1994 in Moscow.

Combat Sambo is very different from Sambo wrestling, in which we deal with the demonstration of throwing techniques and the use of painful techniques. As for combat sambo, the task here is to use various kinds technical actions to eliminate the enemy's physical aggression. The winner of the fight is the one who forces his opponent to voluntarily surrender, or makes him incapacitated to participate in the current fight.

Combat Sambo today is international view a sport that was created in Russia and embodies all the best of martial arts. Combat sambo is the national wealth of our people and one of the assets of our state.

Even before the first one passed world war, a famous Russian fighter - his name was Ivan Vladimirovich Lebedev, a special course was developed for training police officers in the city of St. Petersburg. This course was completed by thirty district guards and police officers, all of whom received instructor diplomas. Combat Sambo itself, as a system of training people who are employees of law enforcement agencies, became known in March 1915, just during the publication of the book “Self-Defense and Arrest,” written by I.V. Lebedev.

Further, sambo developed in two directions: the first is closed combat sambo (as secret weapon), the second is open combat sambo (a sport). With the help of completely harmless fighting techniques, starting from the 30s, they began to prepare young guys for military service. For 70 years now, this type of martial art has been called “sambo wrestling”.

A man named Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev became a particularly passionate enthusiast and fan of this type of wrestling. He promoted the art of self-defense, demonstrating various techniques in front of thousands of people. Anatoly Kharlampiev wrote a huge number of books dedicated to “sambo wrestling” and “combat sambo”.

Since the 80s of the last century, all prize-winners and champions in sambo have been trained by Kharlampiev’s student, who is a professor at the Department of Physical Education and Sports at the Moscow Energy Institute, Valery Valentinovich Volostnykh.

The rules for combat sambo were first published in the book “Encyclopedia of combat sambo”, which was written by V.V. Volostnykh, A.G. Zhukov, and V.A. Tikhonov.
In March 1995, trainers Volostnykh V.V., Zhukov A.G., Tikhonov V.A., Muleev R.A., Maly A.A. was founded Public association, which was named “Russian Combat Sambo Club”. In the same year, thanks to the initiative of the created Club, the World Association clubs united by one idea - the development of this sport.

In 1995, the Russian Combat Sambo Club held two championships - the Eurasian Championship and the World Championship.

In 2002, on January 17, the Russian Combat Sambo Federation was registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. All this was done in order to develop and popularize sambo in our country. And also in order to increase the role of physical culture in the life of every person, strengthen the position and increase the prestige of Russian Combat Sambo, which is being promoted to the international arena.

In 2003, on May 23, all necessary documents to the State Committee for Culture and Sports of the Russian Federation, in order for this sport to be included in the All-Russian Register.

Combat Sambo is a sport that all Russians should practice. Why? The answer is obvious. This type martial arts are much closer to the Russian people in their philosophy, spirituality and ideology than other types of oriental martial arts.

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