What is the water temperature in the Baltic Sea? Baltic Sea Water temperature in the Baltic Sea in summer.

The Baltic Sea is one of those that washes the borders of our homeland. It has long been associated with the North, inflexibility and inflexibility. No wonder in the old days it was called Varangian. It covers an area of ​​386 thousand square kilometers, biting deeply into the land and connecting with the Atlantic Ocean through the North Sea only through narrow straits - Öresund, Greater and Lesser Belts, Kattegat.

But despite all the apparent severity, the Baltic Sea remains favorite place holiday for many Russians, residents of the Baltic countries, Finland, and Sweden. The main secret is simple - you just need to know what water temperature prevails at one time or another of the year.

The main resorts on this coast are Narva, Jurmala, Sestroretsk, Zelenogradsk, Sopot. Many tourists come there every year to improve their health and relax on sea ​​coast. The water temperature in the Baltic Sea, of course, is not as high as in the Black, Mediterranean or, especially, the Red Sea. However, even here there is the concept of a resort swimming season. It doesn't last long. Usually falls on summer months when the water temperature Baltic Sea could reach a record 24 degrees Celsius. Then it’s the turn of the bathers. This is usually the period from June to the end of July. At all resorts, this time varies slightly; moreover, in some of them the period of swimming in the sea is no more than 4-5 days a year. The fact is that the Baltic Sea is shallow off the coast, and therefore cools quickly. But tourists can always enjoy the cool fresh air, sandy beaches and forests that surround the coast.

Among other things, the Baltic Sea is famous for its thalassotherapy, that is, the use of algae, water and sea mud for cosmetic and health purposes. This resort destination is especially developed because it is here that the water temperature in the Baltic Sea reaches its highest point - this place warms up well. The second such resort, seemingly intended for tourists, is the closed bay of the same name.

But in general, if you are planning to visit the Baltic Sea, the water temperature in summer ranges from 10 to 17 degrees. So keep this in mind if you are planning your resort vacation program. But besides swimming, there is always something to do there. Particularly good in this regard are excursions to the Curonian Spit, Jurmala, and mud treatment in Pärnu. It is also worth noting that due to the climate in the Baltic Sea, there is such a natural phenomenon as the meeting of fresh and salt waters. In the vicinity of the town of Skagen in Denmark, the North and Baltic seas join, forming a stunningly beautiful phenomenon of fresh and salt water being displaced by each other. The water temperature in the Baltic Sea in summer at this point does not exceed 9, but even the most experienced tourists are worth a look from the outside at the struggle of the elements. Therefore, do not be afraid of the severity of the Baltic Sea, sometimes it can be gentle and warm.

Strongly embedded in the mainland. It is not as harsh as the climate of the Arctic seas, although the Baltic Sea is located in the northwestern part of Russia. This sea is almost completely limited by land. Only from the southwest is this sea connected to the waters by various straits. The Baltic Sea belongs to the type of inland seas.

The shores washed by this sea have different origins. Quite complicated and... The Baltic Sea has a rather shallow depth, due to the fact that it is located within the boundaries of a continental shallow.

The greatest depth of the Baltic Sea is recorded in the Landsort Basin. The Danish Straits are characterized by shallow depths. The depth of the Great Belt is 10 - 25 m, the Little Belt - 10 - 35 m. The waters of the Sound have a depth of 7 to 15 m. The shallow depths of the straits interfere with the smooth exchange of waters between the Baltic Sea and. The Baltic Sea covers an area of ​​419 thousand km2. The volume of water is 321.5 km 3 . The average water depth is about 51 m. The maximum sea depth is 470 m.

The climate of the Baltic Sea is influenced by its location in the zone temperate latitudes, the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean and the location of most of the sea inland. All these factors contribute to the fact that the climate of the Baltic Sea is in many ways close to the maritime climate of temperate latitudes, and there are also some features of a continental climate. Due to the fairly significant length of the sea, there are some distinctive features climate in different parts of the sea.

In the Baltic, it is largely due to the influence of the Icelandic, Siberian and. Seasonal patterns vary depending on whose influence is dominant. In autumn and winter, the Baltic Sea is influenced by the Icelandic low and the Siberian high. As a result of this, the sea is at the mercy of the sea, which spreads in the fall from west to east, and in winter to the northeast. This period is characterized by cloudy weather with strong southwestern and western winds.

In January and February, when the lowest is observed, average monthly temperature in the central part of the sea it is – 3°С, and in the north and east – 5–8°С. As the Polar Maximum intensifies, cold temperatures reach the Baltic Sea. As a result, it drops to – 30 – 35°C. But such cold snaps happen quite rarely and, as a rule, they are short-lived.

In the spring-summer period, the Siberian High loses its strength, and the dominant influence on the Baltic Sea is exerted by the Azores and, to a lesser extent, the Polar High. At this time, it is observed at sea. Cyclones coming to the Baltic from the Atlantic Ocean are not as significant as in winter. All this causes the unstable direction of the winds, which have low speeds. In the spring season, northern winds have a great influence on the weather; they bring cold air.

In summer, winds from the west and north-west prevail. These winds are predominantly light or . Due to their influence, cool and humid weather is observed in summer. average temperature July reaches + 14 – 15°C in the Gulf of Bothnia and +16 – 18°C ​​in other areas of the sea. Very rarely warm water arrives in the Baltic air masses which cause hot weather.

The temperature of the Baltic Sea waters depends on the specific location. IN winter time The water temperature near the coast is lower than in the open sea. In the western part the sea is warmer than in the eastern part, which is due to the cooling influence of the land. IN summer time the coldest waters are off the western coasts of central and southern zone seas. This distribution of temperatures is due to the fact that the western ones move heated upper waters from the western shores. Their place is taken by cold deep waters.

Shore of the Baltic Sea

About 250 large and small rivers carry their waters into the Baltic Sea. During the year they give to the sea about 433 km 3, which is 2.1% of the total volume of the sea. The most abundant are: the Neva, which flows 83.5 km 3 per year, the Vistula (30.4 km 3 per year), the Neman (20.8 km 3 per year) and the Daugava (19.7 km 3 per year). The share varies in different areas of the Baltic Sea. For example, in the Gulf of Bothnia, rivers contribute 188 km 3 per year, while the volume of continental waters is equal to 109.8 km 3 / year. The Gulf of Riga receives 36.7 km 3 /year and in the central part of the Baltic it is 111.6 km 3 /year. Thus, the eastern regions of the sea receive more than half of all continental waters.

Throughout the year, rivers bring unequal amounts of water to the sea. If the full flow of rivers is regulated by a lake, as, for example, near the Neva River, then the greater flow occurs in the spring-summer period. If the full flow of rivers is not regulated by lakes, as, for example, near the Daugava River, then the maximum flow is observed in the spring and a slight increase in the fall.

They are practically not observed. Currents affecting surface waters are caused by winds and river flow. In winter, the waters of the Baltic Sea are covered with ice. But during the same winter, the ice can melt several times and freeze the waters again. This sea is never completely covered with ice.

Fishing is widely developed in the Baltic Sea. Herring, sprat, cod, whitefish, lamprey, salmon and other types of fish are caught here. These waters also produce a large number of seaweed There are many marine farms in the Baltic Sea where the most sought-after fish species are grown. There are a large number of placers on the Baltic Sea coast. Amber mining work is being carried out in the area. There is oil in the depths of the Baltic Sea.

Shipping is widely developed in the waters of the Baltic Sea. Sea transport of various goods is constantly carried out here. Thanks to the Baltic Sea, it maintains close economic and trade relations with Western European countries. There are a large number of ports on the Baltic Sea coast.

The Baltic Sea borders nine countries: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Russia, Poland, Germany, Finland, Sweden and Denmark.

The sea coastline is 8,000 km. , and the sea area is 415,000 square meters. km.

It is believed that the sea was formed 14,000 years ago, but its current outline has existed for 4,000 years.

The sea has four bays, the largest Bothnian(washes Sweden and Finland), Finnish(washes Finland, Russia and Estonia), Rizhsky(washes Estonia and Latvia) and freshwater Curonian(washes Russia and Lithuania).


At sea there are large islands Gotland, Öland, Bornholm, Wolin, Rügen, Aland and Saaremaa. The largest island Gotland belongs to Sweden, its area is 2.994 sq. km. and with a population of 56,700 people.

Such people flow into the sea large rivers like Neva, Narva, Neman, Pregolya, Vistula, Oder, Venta and Daugava.

The Baltic Sea is a shallow sea and its average depth is 51 meters. The deepest place is 470 meters.

The bottom of the southern part of the sea is flat, in the north it is rocky. The coastal part of the sea is sand, but most of the bottom is a deposit of clayey silt, green, black or Brown. The most clear water in the central part of the sea and in the Gulf of Bothnia.

There is a very large surplus at sea fresh water, which is why the sea is slightly salty. Fresh water enters the sea due to frequent precipitation and numerous large rivers. The most salty water off the coast of Denmark, since there the Baltic Sea connects with the saltier North Sea.

The Baltic Sea is one of the calm ones. It is believed that in the depths of the sea the waves do not reach more than 4 meters. However, off the coast they can reach 11 meters in height.


In October-November, ice may already appear in the bays. The coasts of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland can be covered with ice up to 65 cm thick. The central and southern parts of the sea are not covered with ice. Ice melts in April, although in the north of the Gulf of Bothnia drifting ice can be found in June.

The sea temperature in summer is 14-17 degrees, the warmest Gulf of Finland is 15-17 degrees. and the coldest is Bothnian

 Bay 9-13 deg.

The Baltic Sea is one of the dirtiest seas in the world. Availability of landfills chemical weapons after the Second World War has a strong impact on the ecology of the sea. In 2003, 21 cases of chemical weapons getting into fishing nets were registered in the Baltic Sea; these were clots of mustard gas. In 2011, paraffin was released and spread throughout the sea.

Due to the shallow depths in the Gulf of Finland and the Archipelago Sea, many vessels are inaccessible with significant draft. However, all major cruise ships pass through the Denmark Strait in Atlantic Ocean.
The main limiting factor of the Baltic Sea is bridges. This is how the Great Belt Bridge connects the islands of Denmark. This suspension bridge was built in 1998, its length is 6790 km. and about 27,600 cars cross the bridge every day. Although there are longer bridges, for example, the Erssun bridge is 16 km long, and the largest bridge is Femersky, it is 19 km long and connects Denmark with Germany across the sea.


There is salmon in the Baltic Sea, some individuals have been caught weighing 35 kg. The sea also contains cod, flounder, eelpout, eel, lamprey, anchovy, mullet, mackerel, roach, ide, bream, crucian carp, asp, chub, pike perch, perch, pike, catfish, burbot, etc.

Whales have also been spotted in Estonian waters.

Not so long ago, seals could be found in the Baltic, but now there are practically none left due to the fact that the sea has become more freshwater.
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The largest ports of the Baltic Sea: Baltiysk, Ventspils, Vyborg, Gdansk, Kaliningrad, Kiel, Klaipeda, Copenhagen, Liepaja, Lubeck, Riga, Rostock, St. Petersburg, Stockholm, Tallinn, Szczecin.

Resorts of the Baltic Sea.: Russia: Sestroretsk, Zelenogorsk, Svetlogorsk, Pionersky, Zelenogradsk, Lithuania: Palanga, Neringa, Poland: Sopot, Hel, Koszalin, Germany: Albeck, Binz, Heiligendamm, Timmfendorf, Estonia: Pärnu, Narva-Joesuu, Latvia: Saulkrasti and Jurmala .



The Latvian ports of Liepaja and Ventspils are located at sea, while Riga and the resorts of Saulkrasti and Jurmala are located in the Gulf of Riga.

Gulf of Riga , this is the third of four bays of the Baltic Sea and it washes two countries, Latvia and Estonia. The area of ​​the bay is only 18,100 km, it is 1/23 of the Baltic.
The deepest point of the bay is 54 meters. The bay crashes into the land from open sea at 174 km. The width of the bay is 137 km.
The most important cities on the coast of the Gulf of Riga are Riga (Latvia) and Pärnu (Estonia). The main resort city of the bay is Jurmala. In the bay, the largest island of Saaremaa belongs to Estonia with the city of Kuressaare.
The western shore of the bay is called Livsky and is a protected cultural zone.
The coastline is mostly low-lying and sandy.
The water temperature in summer can rise to +18, and in winter it drops to 0 degrees. The surface of the bay is covered with ice from December to April.

Baltic Sea(it is also called East Sea) is considered an inland sea that extends deep into the continent.

Northern extreme point The Baltic Sea is located near the Arctic Circle, the southern one is near the German city of Wismar, the western one is near the city of Flensburg, and the eastern one is near St. Petersburg. This sea belongs to the ocean.

General information about the Baltic

The area of ​​the sea (not including islands) is 415 km. sq. It washes the shores of the following states:

  • Estonia;
  • Russia;
  • Lithuania;
  • Germany;
  • Latvia;
  • Poland
  • Latvia;
  • Denmark;
  • Finland;
  • * Sweden.

Large bays are considered: Bothnian, Finnish, Riga, Kursk (separated by an oblique). The largest islands: Öland, Wolin, Alandia, Gotland, Als, Saaremaa, Muhu, Men, Usedom, Fore and others. The most big rivers: Trap Dvina, Neva, Vistula, Venta, Narva, Pregolya.

The Baltic Sea, through the Volga-Baltic basin, opens onto and is located on the continental shelf. In the area of ​​islands, shallows and banks, the depth varies within 12 meters. There are a couple of basins where the depth reaches 200 meters. The Landsort Basin is considered the deepest (470 meters), the depth of the basin reaches 250 meters, and in the Gulf of Bothnia - 254 meters.

In the southern region the seabed is flat, and in the north it is predominantly rocky. A huge part of the bottom is covered with sediments of glacial origin of various colors (green, brown, black).

A special feature of the Baltic Sea is that there is an excess of fresh water, which is formed due to river runoff and precipitation.

Its surface brackish waters constantly flow into. During storms, the exchange between these seas changes, as water is mixed from the bottom in the straits. Salinity the sea is coming decreasing from the Danish Straits (20 ppm) to the east (in the Gulf of Bothnia 3 ppm, and in the Gulf of Finland – 2 ppm). Tides can be diurnal or semidiurnal (do not exceed 20 cm).

When compared with other seas, the disturbances in the Baltic Sea are completely insignificant. In the central parts of the sea, waves can reach 3-3.5 meters, less often - 4 meters. During large storms, waves 10-11 meters high were recorded. The clearest water with a bluish-green tint is observed in the Gulf of Bothnia; in coastal areas it is more turbid and has a yellowish-green color. Due to the development of plankton, the lowest water transparency is observed in summer. Soils coastal zone varied: in the southern regions there is sand, in the east there is silt and sand, and on the northern coast there is stone.

Climate of the Baltic Sea

The sea temperature is generally lower than in other seas. In the mornings in the summer, thanks to the southern winds that drive the upper warm layers into the ocean, the temperature sometimes drops below 12 degrees. When they start to blow north winds, surface waters become significantly warmer. The highest temperature is in August - about 18 C. In January it varies from 0 to 3 C.

Due to low salinity, harsh winter and shallow depths, the Baltic Sea often freezes, although not every winter.

Flora and fauna

The water in the Baltic Sea changes from sea salt to fresh water. Sea shellfish They live only in the western region of the sea, where the water is saltier. Fish here include sprat, cod, and herring. The Gulf of Finland is home to smelt, vendace, salmon and others. Seals live in the area of ​​the Åland Islands.

Due to the presence of many islands, rocks, and reefs in the sea, sailing in the Baltic Sea is quite dangerous. This danger is somewhat reduced due to the presence of a large number of lighthouses here (most of them). The largest cruise ships leave the Danish Straits and enter the Atlantic Ocean. The most difficult place considered the Great Belt Bridge. The largest ports: Tallinn, Baltiysk, Lubeck, Riga, Stockholm, Szczecin, Rostock, Kiel, Vyborg, Gdansk, St. Petersburg;

  • Ptolemy called this sea Venedian, which comes from the name Slavic peoples who lived in ancient times in the southern part of the coast - the Wends or Wends;
  • The famous route from the Varangians to the Greeks ran through the Baltic Sea;
  • "The Tale of Bygone Years" calls it Varangian Sea;
  • The name "Baltic Sea" appears for the first time in the treatise of Adam of Bremen in 1080;
  • This sea is rich in oil, manganese, iron and amber. The Nord Stream gas pipeline runs along its bottom;
  • Every year on March 22nd the day of protection is celebrated environment Baltic Sea. This decision was made by the Helsinki Commission in 1986.

Resorts

Among the resorts of the Baltic Sea, the most famous are: Zelenogorsk, Svetlogorsk, Zelenogradsk, Pionersky (Russia), Saulkrasti and

The Baltic Sea is actually amazing place. Perhaps everyone who has already been lucky enough to visit its shores will agree with this statement. Everything you need is here to modern man. Romantics will discover amazing sunsets and sunrises, businessmen understand how profitable its ports can be in terms of transporting goods, and travelers tired of constant running will certainly be surprised by the spaciousness and special peace.

Among other things, the bays of the Baltic Sea have become habitats for a huge number of marine animals and birds, which automatically means that its role in the planet’s ecosystem is generally difficult to overestimate.

This article will tell you in more detail about all the nuances of this part of the world's oceans. The reader will receive valuable information not only about where the Baltic Sea is located, but also about its characteristic features. Reasonable reasons will also be given as to why this destination should be chosen as a holiday destination next year.

general information

The Baltic Sea has a very unique shape and is located in the very north of Europe. This inland marginal surface of the world ocean is surrounded on almost all sides by land and extends quite far into the northwestern part of Eurasia.

Only in the southwestern part through the Danish straits (Eressun (Sound), Great Belt and Little Belt) does it have access to the North Sea through the Kattegat and Skagerrak straits.

Lines maritime boundaries with the Sound Strait they pass through the Stevne lighthouse and cape Falstersbuudde, with the Great Belt Strait - capes Gulyetav, Klint and Kappel (Lolland Island), and with the Little Belt Strait - cape Falschert, Cape Weisnes and Nacke (Island Örö) .

The Baltic Sea, a vacation on which is considered one of the most pleasant in the Russian Federation, belongs to the Atlantic Ocean basin.

Not everyone knows that in terms of salt content it is the freshest of all its kind. This is due, first of all, to the fact that forty rivers flow into it from fresh water. The coast of the Baltic Sea differs in shape and structure. - It has a shallow depth, and its bottom is quite uneven.

All this indicates that this part of the world ocean is located within the boundaries of the continental shelf.

Geographical features

IN Ancient Rus' The sea was called Varangian (from the Varangians) or Svebian (Sveyskoe) - this is how the Swedes were called during the Middle Ages. In chronicle sources Ancient Greece and Rome, the Baltic island is found, and in Western European writings of the 11th century. the Balticum Sea is mentioned. But the basis of this name can be both Lithuanian baltas and Latvian balts, meaning White color sandy shores.

In the 18th century The sea has already been nicknamed the Baltic, but now it is generally known as the Baltic Sea. However, the semantic meaning of this name has not yet been determined.

The water area occupies almost 420.0 thousand square meters. km, which almost corresponds to the size of the Black Sea (422.0 thousand sq. km). The volume of water in the sea is about 22.0 thousand cubic km.

The total length of the coast is 7 thousand km. The shores of the Baltic Sea are found in countries such as Sweden, Finland, Russia, Poland, Germany and Denmark. Russian Federation belongs to almost 500 km coastal strip, located in the northwestern part of Europe.

The list of large islands includes: Gotland, Bornholm, Rügen, Öland, Wolin, Saaremaa and Åland. Main river systems, flowing into the water area are the Neva, Neman, Narva, Pregolya, Vistula and Oder.

The Baltic Sea, a photo of which can be found in almost every publication devoted to the water surface of our planet, is known for its characteristics.

Its ecosystem is considered very vulnerable, which is due to several natural factors.

This is a shallow inland sea, separated from the Atlantic by the Scandinavian Peninsula and connected to the ocean by narrow and shallow straits that prevent the free exchange of water between the two basins. It takes about 20-40 years to completely renew the water.

The coastline is heavily indented and forms many bays. The largest bays of the Baltic are Riga, Botanichesky, Finnish and Curonian. The latter is a freshwater bay-lagoon, separated from the sea by the Curonian Spit.

The eastern part of the Gulf of Finland was named Neva Guba. By the way, in the northeast of the bay, on the Russian-Finnish border, there is a similar one, Vyborgsky. The Saimaa Canal opens here, which is the most important transport route. The northern coast is protected by high rocky shores and narrow winding bays. The central transit ports of the Baltic are Hamburg (Germany) and St. Petersburg (Russia), which have access to the sea and serve as the sea gates of Europe and Russia.

Bottom relief

Not everyone knows that the Baltic Sea, on which holidays have become quite common for many, has a very complex and uneven bottom topography. In the southern part it is flat, in the north it is uneven and rocky.

The coast of the Baltic Sea is covered with bottom sediments, among which sand predominates. But most of the bottom consists of bottom sediments of green, black and brown clayey silt of glacial origin.

The sea extends deep into the land and is located within the continental shelf. The average depth of the pool is about 51 meters. Near the islands and on the shallows there is a shallow water zone up to 12 meters deep. At the bottom there are several basins with a depth of up to 200 meters. The largest is the Landsort depression (470 m.)

Climatic conditions of the Baltic

Because of geographical features The Baltic climate is not harsh and is close to the conditions of temperate latitudes. Many people complain that the Baltic Sea is cold, however, this is nothing more than a misconception.

In general there are also some similarities with the climate continental type. Great influence on local weather are exerted by the Siberian and Azov anticyclones and the Icelandic low. The seasonal climate of the Baltic Sea depends on this.

Windy and cloudy weather is typical for autumn and winter. The coldest months are January and February. In the central part of the Baltic it drops to an average of 3°C degrees below zero, in the north and east - to 8°C degrees below zero. The temperature in the Baltic Sea at this time of year approaches -3-5 C. Occasionally, under the influence of arctic masses, the air can cool to 35°C degrees below zero.

In spring and summer, the winds weaken. It's cool in spring. The climate is greatly influenced by northerly winds, bringing colder air. With the onset of warmth, moderate western and northwestern winds blow predominantly. Therefore, summer is mostly cool and humid. The average temperature in July in Botanical Bay rises to 14-15°C, in other areas of the sea - 16-18°C. Hot weather occurs rarely and only during the period of arrival of Mediterranean air masses.

The water in the Baltic Sea (temperature and salinity) depends on the part. In winter, it is warmer in the open sea than off the coast. In the summer time the most low temperature- off the western shores in the central and southern strip of the sea. Such fluctuations off the west coast are associated with the movement of warm upper layers water by westerly winds and their replacement by colder deep waters.

Local flora

It should be noted that the Baltic and North Sea in general they can boast of a variety of flora.

The main part of the underwater flora consists of representatives of Atlantic species that live mainly in the southern and southwestern parts of the Baltic Sea.

Flora includes different kinds algae, which include peridinaceae, cyanaceae, planktonic diatoms, benthic brown algae (kelp, fucus, ectocarpus and pilaiella), red algae (rhodomela, polysiphonia and phyllophora), as well as blue-green algae.

Fauna of the Baltic Sea

It’s no secret that both winter and summer water temperatures in the Baltic Sea are unlikely to contribute to the appearance of a huge number of marine inhabitants.

The local fauna is represented by three groups of animals and fish, different in origin.

The first includes representatives of a brackish-water Arctic species that belonged to the descendants of the ancient Arctic Ocean. One of the inhabitants of this group is the Baltic seal.

The second consists of commercial fish(herring, cod, sprat and flounder). These also include valuable species such as salmon and eel.

The third group includes freshwater species, distributed mainly in the desalinated waters of the Botanical and Finnish Gulfs, but also found in salt water bodies (freshwater rotifers).

Commercial freshwater fish include pike perch, pike, bream, roach and perch. It should be noted that the water temperature in the Baltic Sea allows fishing almost throughout the entire calendar year. This has a beneficial effect on the budget of countries and regions located on its territory.

Baltic Sea. Economic importance

Due to natural conditions, the Baltic waters are of great economic importance. Their biological resources are of great value and are widely used by humans.

The sea is home to many species of flora and fauna that are used for fishing activities. For example, the water temperature in the Baltic Sea promotes the active reproduction of herring, which occupies special place in fishing.

Sprat, salmon, smelt, lamprey, cod and eel are also caught here. The bays of the Baltic Sea are famous for the production of various algae.

Today, a new direction has emerged for the development of mariculture, which is a promising industry for fish production. Marine farms are being created for artificial breeding various commercial species fish, etc. Fortunately, the temperature of the Baltic Sea in Kaliningrad and other coastal cities, as mentioned above, allows sailors to go to sea at almost any time of the year.

The local shores are rich in coastal-sea placers of minerals. IN Kaliningrad region For example, developments are currently underway for the underwater extraction of amber contained in placer deposits. The Baltic Sea (Russia) is being studied for development oil fields, found in the thickness of the seabed. Iron-manganese formations were also discovered.

The Baltic Sea, whose temperature even in summer rarely rises above +17 C, plays a vital role in transport and economic relations between European countries through shipping.

Thanks to developed sea and river communications, large freight and passenger transportation is actively taking place.

Water temperature of the Baltic Sea and the main recreational resources of the region

The favorable conditions of this area have long been used by people for recreational purposes.

Mild climate, sandy beaches and pine forests attract a large number of vacationers. Cruise routes operate at sea all year round, and in the warm season people come for recreation and treatment.

IN Soviet period The USSR owned about 25% of the Baltic Sea coast. As a result of its collapse, the length of the coastlines was reduced to 7% and now only 500 km belong to Russia. After such a sharp reduction in territory, the role of recreational resources has increased significantly. Every year a huge number of vacationers go to the Baltic Sea. - Kaliningrad, St. Petersburg, Nida, Svetlogorsk and other cities of the Russian Federation never experience a shortage of tourists.

In the western part of Sosnovy Bor There is an almost untouched coastal strip of sandy beaches. The sea water here is much cleaner than in the resorts of Jurmala. In the future, these places can be used as resorts and sanatoriums, which will become no less popular than, for example, Ust-Narva.

Unfortunately, a holiday on the Baltic Sea is fraught with some difficulties. The thing is that the possibility of sea beach pastime significant influence provide various ecological problems, characteristic of coastal zones.

For this reason, many beaches become unsuitable for swimming in the summer season and are closed. Although for a huge number of vacationers, a vacation on the Baltic Sea is not only a chance to swim or sunbathe. Many people come here for the cleanest air and breathtaking scenery.

Svetlovodsk and Zelenogradsk are the best Russian resorts

The main resort towns on this coast of Russia are Svetlogorsk and Zelenogradsk.

Despite the fact that the Baltic Sea, photos of which can be found in almost all avenues dedicated to recreational resources Our country is northern and the water does not warm up much; many people prefer to spend time on the beach.

The weather in summer is sunny and the water can reach temperatures of up to 20 degrees Celsius, which is quite favorable for taking such life-giving and relaxing sunbathing. If passive pastime is the purpose of your vacation, you should not choose for these purposes big cities, for example, Kaliningrad. The Baltic Sea, whose water temperature ranges from +17 to +18 C in summer, is unlikely to be to your liking. Experienced travelers advise to give preference to more modest settlements

Some of them are worth discussing in more detail.

Svetlogorsk is the most famous resort. The beach has fine, pleasant sand, clean and well-groomed. For the convenience of vacationers, the necessary beach equipment is provided - umbrellas and sun loungers. There are many cafes and souvenir shops on the city promenade. The only drawback is the large number of people, both on the main street and on the beach. An important role when choosing a place to relax is played by the price level for hotel and excursion services, transport services, cafes, etc.

The cost of a taxi around the city is about 100 rubles, delivery to or from the airport - up to 850 rubles, a trip to Kaliningrad - within 600 rubles. Most a budget option- buses and trains. Travel by public transport to Zelenogradsk will cost 50.00-100.00 rubles. The average cost of apartments in hotels in Svetlogorsk is about 2000.00-2500.00 rubles per day. Rates for accommodation in rooms range from 1500.00-5000.00 rubles per day. There are many cafes at the resort where you can have an inexpensive snack (400.00-800.00 rubles for two).

Prices for excursion trips depend on the route and program (500.00-1500.00 rubles per person). Small souvenirs for family and friends will cost between 100.00-150.00 rubles, and branded amber products can cost more than 1000.00 rubles.

Another equally popular resort is Zelenogradsk, the advantage of which is a calmer atmosphere, the absence of a large tourist flow and a convenient location from regional center. There are good transport links. The city attracts visitors with its architecture and winding streets. Along the shore there is a new spacious promenade where you can walk and spend time with family or friends.

Unlike Svetlogorsk, prices in hotels and hotels are quite reasonable, while the service is high level. You can find housing in the private sector near the sea. When booking rooms, many hotels require an advance payment of up to 25% of the cost of accommodation, which must be transferred by bank transfer. On the embankment near the sea there are many cafes and restaurants where you can have a tasty and inexpensive meal. The beach in the city is sandy, long and well-groomed.

The seashore is comfortable, with a gentle entrance and shallow depth.

Five reasons to go to the Baltic Sea

With the arrival of summer, many people seek to spend their holidays in the south or in exotic countries, where there is a lot of sun, warm sea and hot sand. But there are also those who prefer the beauty of northern nature and the amber shores of the Baltic, pine forests and sand dunes. Of course, the Baltic coast cannot be compared with the popular resorts of Turkey and Spain, but recreation here also has its advantages.

1. Convenient location

The proximity of the Baltic Sea resorts will allow you to avoid long flights and high vacation costs. Especially if you are traveling with small children. For example, a plane flight in the direction Moscow-Riga takes only about two hours, and the ticket price starts from 9,700.00 rubles. From Riga you can easily reach Jurmala by car in 30-40 minutes. It is worth noting that it is not necessary to choose Baltic resorts located outside of Russia and go to Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia or Germany, Sweden, Finland and Denmark. You can have a wonderful holiday in the Kaliningrad region of Russia at the resorts of Svetlogorsk or Zelenogradsk. For such a trip, no visa documents are required, which is an additional advantage.

2. Affordable prices to rest

Unlike the southern resorts, spending time on the Baltic Sea involves housing at quite affordable prices.

For example, apartments in hotels in Palanga (Lithuania) cost from 1200.00 rubles per day. For this price you will be provided with a comfortable room with all amenities and close to the sea.

Accommodation in hotels in Jurmala (Latvia) will cost approximately 1800.00 rubles per night. At the Estonian resort in Pärnu - from 1450.00 rubles per night.

And in the Latvian capital Riga you can find hotels from 220.00 rubles per night.

3. Lack of acclimatization

Usually in popular resorts it is hot in the summer season, and the air warms up above 35 degrees Celsius. The Baltic Sea is just right for lovers of comfort and coolness. Kaliningrad, where the air temperature throughout almost the entire summer stays at +22+24, is always happy to welcome guests.

As you know, sweltering heat exhausts a person and in most cases it takes time to acclimatize. The Baltic climate is warm and temperate. These places are great for a relaxing family holiday with small children.

4. Favorable conditions for recovery

The Baltic waters are famous for their beneficial properties and are saturated with mineral salts, and the shores are rich in mineral springs and peat mud deposits, which are used to improve the health of the body. And also unique natural conditions: fresh air with the aroma of pine trees, the freshness of the sea breeze and the delicate sand of the seaside. You can relax and improve your health in sanatoriums, mud baths and mineral springs. Spa resorts in Kołobrzeg are especially popular in Poland.

5. Natural beauty of the Baltic coast

Resorts southern countries remarkable tropical splendor, fun and exciting discos and parties. But the northern nature of the amber region also has its own unique charm.

Everything is different here: pleasant climate, picturesque landscapes, coniferous forests and sand dunes. And walking along the coast after a storm, you can find sunny pieces of amber - an unusual and mysterious stone.

The cities of the Baltic coast have preserved the atmosphere of antiquity and cozy, quiet streets. There are many natural and historical attractions here.



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