The importance of forests in nature and human life. Why forests are useful Presentation on the topic of what forests give to people

What does the forest give? Can you elaborate... and got the best answer

Answer from Victor Shilov[guru]
what does it give???

Reply from Doctor[guru]
The importance of forests for human life:
-Food source (mushrooms, berries, animals, birds, honey)
-Energy source (wood)
-Building material
-Raw materials for production (paper production)
-Regulator of natural processes (planting forests to protect the soil from weathering)
The importance of forests for human health:
The forest has enormous sanitary, hygienic and healing significance. In the air natural forests There are more than 300 different types of chemical compounds. Forests actively transform atmospheric pollution, especially gaseous ones. Conifers (pine, spruce, juniper), as well as some varieties of linden and birch, have the greatest oxidizing ability. The forest actively absorbs industrial pollution, in particular dust and hydrocarbons.
Forests, especially coniferous ones, emit phytoncides - volatile substances with bactericidal properties. Phytoncides kill pathogenic microbes. In certain doses they have a beneficial effect on nervous system, enhance the motor and secretory functions of the gastrointestinal tract, help improve metabolism and stimulate cardiac activity. Many of them are enemies of pathogens infectious diseases, but only if there are few of them. Phytoncides from poplar buds, Antonov apples, and eucalyptus have a detrimental effect on the influenza virus. Oak leaves destroy bacteria typhoid fever and dysentery.

Reply from Solar wind[guru]
the forest provides oxygen and habitat for a huge number of terrestrial living creatures. there will be no forest, there will be nothing. and you and me too

Reply from Alina Lelina[active]
fuel

Reply from J K[guru]
Clean air is oxygen. Wood. It is used to make furniture, building materials, matches, and paper. Not only paper, other materials, etc. are made from pine. Sugar, resins, glue, rope are also made from it, feed yeast, alcohol, gasoline, flammable gases and much, much more are grown on it...

Reply from Death The Killer[newbie]
Industry Thanks to the forest, plants and factories obtain the main industrial products consisting of wood. These are wood resins, wood flour, from which linoleum, wood-laminated plastic, cellulose, turpentine, alcohol, particle boards, fibreboards, etc. are made. The list can be continued for a long time. Wood is used on the farm, it acts as timber and lumber, such as timber, plywood, boards. What does forest give us in the industrial sphere? Railways, construction buildings, bridges, power line supports and much more.
Many items necessary for humanity are made from processed products and from wood itself: chairs, school boards, teachers' chairs, desks, ceilings, floors, window frames, school roofs, walls. Smaller items: materials for sneakers, briefcases, toys, fabrics for outerwear, skis, clubs, sleds, soccer balls. This list is also far from complete. What benefits does forest bring to the national economy? National economy cannot do without forest materials from which they are made: shovel handles, boats, sleighs, matches, carts, plywood, furniture, varnishes, fishing floats, wheel rims, etc. Each of us can continue this list ourselves. Think for a minute, what would happen if there was no wood? What would we end up with? Spruce wood White with a yellowish tint, having a silky tint, pliable and sonorous, spruce wood has been valued by mankind for a long time. It was used to build royal chambers, temples, huts, bridges and barns. Spruce wood gave us the opportunity to develop creatively, thanks to the following instruments: guitar, violin, balalaika and other musical sources. Just one cubic meter of such wood produces 600 half-silk suits, 400 pairs of magnificent silk stockings and 250 kg of cellulose. Pine resin For farming, resin (pine resin) is extracted from the forests. To do this, use specially prepared notches to cut the tree bark and collect the resin in a vessel. Rosin is obtained from pine sap - a substance that produces garden putty, driers, high-quality soap, synthetic rubber, plastics, varnishes, artificial leather. Benefits of the forest Are you still asking what the forest gives to people? The forest feeds man! Berries, mushrooms, animal and poultry meat are all the merit of the forests. The forest clothes the man! Forest animals are rich in warm natural fur, in which people are dressed in cold winter time. The forest teaches a person, it gives him all the necessary school subjects. The forest heals with its beneficial medicinal herbs. The forest saturates our lungs with carbon dioxide and oxygen. We can talk about the benefits of forests for a very long time. But the conclusion will always be the same - they need to be protected and not forgotten about how important this is for each of us.

A house in the village... On Sunday, I visited her with my grandmother older sister, who lives in a small village located in the forest. All day long, together with the village children, we ran through the forest and swam. When we returned home I felt balloon, filled with the scents of the countryside.

My impressions... When we arrived back in the city, I immediately ran into the yard to share my impressions with my friends. As I was going to bed, I caught myself thinking that the day had been so long and interesting, and I didn’t feel tired at all. When we arrived back in the city, I immediately ran into the yard to share my impressions with my friends. As I was going to bed, I caught myself thinking that the day had been so long and interesting, and I didn’t feel tired at all. In the morning I shared my thoughts with my mother, and she answered me with a question: where is it easier to breathe in the city or in the forest and why? In the morning I shared my thoughts with my mother, and she answered me with a question: where is it easier to breathe in the city or in the forest and why?

I sat down to books. Here's what I learned: Amazingly beautiful and rich broadleaf forests, which grow on Far East! Forests are called “the lungs of the planet” because they are sources of oxygen. The broad-leaved forests that grow in the Far East are amazingly beautiful and rich! Forests are called “the lungs of the planet” because they are sources of oxygen on earth. yes on earth.

Green Pharmacy When you enter the forest, When you enter the forest, Where everything is sweet to us from childhood, Where everything is sweet to us from childhood, Where it’s nice to breathe with clean air, Where it’s nice to breathe with clean air, There are herbs and flowers healing power. There is healing power in herbs and flowers.

Green Pharmacy Riddles There is a curly girl standing in the forest - A white shirt, In the middle there is a golden one, Who is she? (Chamomile) Thin stem near the path. At the end of his earring. There are leaves on the ground - small burlap. He's like us good friend, Treats wounds of legs and arms. (Plantain)

The Importance of Green Plants Without green plants, there would be no food on earth that is necessary for the life of all living things. Without green plants, there would be no food on earth that is necessary for the life of all living things. Green spaces enrich the atmosphere with oxygen necessary for breathing, purify the air by absorbing carbon dioxide. Green spaces enrich the atmosphere with oxygen necessary for breathing and purify the air by absorbing carbon dioxide from it.

Conclusion Now I realized that in the village the air is clean, it’s easy to breathe, so I felt like a balloon. Now I realized that in the village the air is clean, it’s easy to breathe, so I felt like a balloon. I advise all the guys to spend their weekends in the village. I advise all the guys to spend their weekends in the village.

Sabirova Alina, Happy Vlad, Okishor Anna, Popov Nikita, Bogdanova Oksana

The goal of the project is to trace the image of the forest and find out its significance in human destiny.

The guys put forward a hypothesis: perhaps the forest is not only a source of raw materials and clean air but the forest is living soul.

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Performed by: Popov Nikita, Okishor Anna,

Bogdanova Oksana, Happy Vlad,

Sabirova Alina

Head: Sabirova R.G.,

primary school teacher

G. Serov, 2014

1. Introduction.

2. What does the forest give to a person?

3.How are people and forests connected?

4.How to behave in the forest?

5. Conclusion.

6. Application.

Introduction.

You can see so many miracles in the forest,
The forest inspires us in life,
The trees sometimes laugh, sometimes they cry,
Sometimes they voice with their branches, sometimes they gossip.

Their life is filled with beauty
Sometimes kind, and sometimes powerful,
And like a person, the forest has a destiny,
It can be fatal, it can be joyful.

Our work is dedicated to the forest.

It was not by chance that we turned to this topic.

The forest is a green friend, a spacious house,

Everyone is comfortable in that house.

The dense forest is covered in mystery,
He keeps many secrets.

All the guys really wanted it

Get closer to forest resources.

The goal of our project is to trace the image of the forest, to find out its significance in the fate of man.

To achieve the goal, we have set ourselves the following tasks:

1. Study the literature on this topic.

2. Determine the role of the forest in human destiny.

3. Carry out measures to protect the forest.

We have chosen the following working methods:

• Questionnaire, interview
• Working with literature
• Propaganda work
• Analysis and synthesis

We structured our work as answers to the questions:

1What is a forest for?
2. What damage has man done to forests?
3. How are forests and people connected?
4. How to behave in the forest?

We put forward a hypothesis: perhaps the forest is not only a source of raw materials and clean air, but the forest is a living soul.

What does the forest give to a person?

Before starting to work with the literature, we decided to conduct a survey among students and received the following results:

Do you love the forest? - 19 people. - yes 1 person - no

What pleases you most about the forest?

Beauty - 11 people

silence - 5 people

peace of mind - 4 people

As we can see from the survey, the vast majority of children are connected with the forest, so we consider the topic to be relevant.

Forests are often called the green ocean, and rightly so. Forests are part of nature; man cannot do without them, just like without water or air. They are spread across vast expanses of the country. This is our national wealth and we must manage it wisely. The forest is a friend and protector of man. He feeds, clothes, heals people. Scientists have calculated that one hectare of forest purifies 18 million cubic meters of air over the course of a year and absorbs in one hour as much carbon dioxide as 200 people exhale during that time.

It is difficult to list everything that the forest gives to people. Until now, another 2/3 of humanity cooks with wood fuel. From the green treasury, our country annually receives 400 million m3 of wood, which serves as a source for 200 thousand species various materials, substances and compounds: construction parts, paper, cardboard, furniture, plastics, artificial silk and fur, protein concentrates, glucose and much, much more.

In addition, the forests are rich in fodder and medicinal herbs, berries and mushrooms. Hunting is developing in the forests, and fish farming is developing in forest reservoirs. The forest protects rivers from shallowing, fields from drought. The forest is cool on a hot day, a break from city noise, and a refuge from the freezing wind and blizzard. The forest air has healing properties. Hygienists have calculated that the noise of trees, the sound of falling water and almost all noises occurring in nature have a frequency within the range1000 vibrations per second.These noises create a useful, much needed acoustic background..

The leaf surface traps dust and industrial emissions and purifies the air. On one hectare spruce forest Up to 32 tons of dust settles on the needles. People cannot live without forests and rivers. As soon as you cut down trees along the banks of rivers, they immediately become shallow, the soil is washed away and ravines are formed.

It is difficult to list everything that the forest gives to people:

What are we planting when we plant forests?
Masts and yards - hold the sails,
The deckhouse and the deck, the ribs and the keel -
Wander the sea in storm and calm.
What are we planting when we plant forests?
Radio masts - catching voices,
The table at which you will write,
Pen, ruler, pencil case and notebook.
What are we planting when we plant forests?
Light wings - fly to the skies,
House and swing, shuttle and bench,
And your wooden horse.
What are we planting when we plant forests?
Thicket where the badger and the fox roam,
The thicket where the squirrel hides her baby squirrels,
A thicket where crows cry in the morning.
What are we planting when we plant forests?
The leaf on which the dew falls
Air for the lungs, and moisture and shade,
This is what we are planting today!

As we can see, forests have very great value for a person. Without it, a full human life on our territory is impossible.

What damage does man do to forests?

A person receives a lot from the forest, but he himself often becomes, intentionally or unintentionally, the source of many troubles: the destruction of forests by improper management, destruction by fires, and poaching. Where there are relatively few people and economic impact on forests is insignificant, forests more or less successfully cope with the consequences of human impact. But in populated areas, where forests are frequently visited by people and used for a variety of economic activity, people have to make some efforts to ensure that the forest does not die, does not lose its attractiveness for recreation, its ability to save water, air and the human environment in general.
According to research by one information and review magazine, over the past 50 years, humans have destroyed 70% of the world's forests. About 30% of the forests still remaining on Earth are fragmented and dying out; deforestation is proceeding at a very high speed.

The use of forests for recreation and tourism, to one degree or another, also harms our green friend. The presence of even one person in him does not pass without a trace, especially if he believes that everything is permitted to him. But families or large groups usually go to the forest. Here we cannot do without fires, which leave behind lifeless areas of land for several years.

This means that we ourselves are destroying our “beloved nature” – mushroom pickers, hunters, tourists, participants in cheerful picnics. Therefore, when sitting down with a nice company by the fire, we must remember that our joy can easily turn into disaster, an irreparable loss for nature and society.

Changes in forest cover that are imperceptible at first glance are caused even by walking through the forest, as a result of which grass and young trees that have slightly risen above the ground are trampled. The people noticed: one person leaves a trail in the forest; a hundred - a path; a thousand - desert.

Even mature trees suffer from the same reason. To a large extent, trees also weaken from damage to the bark by knives and axes. No wonder the proverb says: “Whoever removes the bark from a tree kills it.”

Drying birch...

Zaruba - almost to the core

Birch tears

They run both bright and innocent.

From a deep wound

Cool moisture flows down...

Ah, the juice treat!

To whom

You turned around

A blessing?..

People should always remember that a tree is their friend. The Nature Conservation Society, nature lovers and everyone in general should not only protect green spaces, but also contribute to their increase

The time has come to understand

That the loss of forests must be replenished.

Future generations will suffer -

Grow quickly new forest it won't work!

Forests of Russia are not a free store
We need to take care of them, and protect them, and cherish them.
And the man, alas, is not a master at all,

And the first one who will suffer from the pain caused to the forest.

It's time to understand how important it is to protect the forests of our Earth
From the crafts of people, from the terrible drought...

Can't be destroyed in vain

Respiratory organs of the Earth,
Otherwise, you will be happy to breathe clean air

We won't be able to experience it any time soon!

Everyone must understand that not only the forester

The forest must be protected from sparks and smoke,

For many people the forest is talking, living -

We need to take care of it together!

The forest gives strength, without a doubt,
Let the environment improve
And the forest will give those people inspiration,

Who will remember the law: “Protect the forest!”

How are forests and people connected?

Russian forest! No landscape is as rich in colors as the Russian forest. And how much poetry is contained in it! The forest is beautiful at any time of the year. There are many songs, proverbs, sayings, riddles, and jokes about the forest.
Our forests excite every person who loves his homeland, beneficial influence on his soul. The beauty of the forest is an inexhaustible source of inspiration for poets, writers, composers, and artists. Many poems, paintings, and musical works were born out of love for nature and the forest.

There is nothing nicer to wander and think here,

It will heal, warm, and feed the Russian forest...

Life seems different and my heart doesn’t hurt,

when overhead, like an eternity, the forest is noisy.

Forest... This special world, which attracts us with its mystery, beauty, cheerful noise. The forest, like a magician, takes possession of a person’s emotional world, gives rise to a feeling of admiration in him, peace of mind, bright poetic moods, flashes of manifestation of versatile talents.

It is thanks to the love of the forest that we can read interesting works by such writers as K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, V. Bianchi, I. Sokolov - Mikitov. The artist I. Shishkin can be called the singer of the forest.

Any ordinary person, having been in the forest and interacted with the trees, is filled with special energy.

Love for the homeland has always been a national trait of Russian poets; they were able to find deep meaning in the inconspicuous, outwardly shy Russian nature.

A wonderful person lives in our village - Sergei Semenovich Merzlyakov, he is the grandfather of our classmate. Sergey Semenovich with early childhood loved to walk through the forest, he was captivated by the beauty of the Ural forests. Communication with nature gave him inspiration. He poured out all his feelings and impressions in his poems.

The winds shake the willow branches,

Shaking off the long winter sleep,

Having difficulty combing your mane

Bare crowns woven into braids.

In the warmth of spring breath,

Spreading out the emerald plush,

The pine tree is full of charm,

Taking my first shower in April.

We had a meeting with a wonderful poet and received answers to the following questions:

At what age have you been writing poetry?

From the age of 15.

What is your creativity most devoted to?

Of course. Nature, our rich Ural forests.

What does the forest mean in your life?

The forest is my whole life! I really love going to the forest to pick mushrooms and berries, I love fishing on forest lakes, I love just admiring the beauty and breathing clean, healthy air.

Are there any poems that were written after communicating with nature, with the forest?

Almost all poems are born after communication with nature, inspiration appears.

The forest can be called a sage, since he is always ready to listen carefully and with his calmness helps to make the right decision.

The forest is a doctor who heals the soul. But only kind person who himself has an open soul.

We enter the forest as if into a wonderful fairy tale tower,
Into a world of coolness, silence and magic.
We enter, holding our breath, into the riot bright colors,
In the triumph of good over dark evil,
To behold forest fairy tale,
To become kinder and better later.

The forest helps you find peace and feel at home:

I am a man! I'm not given

Become a forest dweller

But, having opened only a window into nature,

I am becoming different.

Nourishes the forest with its energy

And gives me strength.

And every time I rush faster

To the call of birds, animals.

I can't comprehend with my mind

But I feel in my soul

That the forest is my second home:

I find peace here!

It is no coincidence that psychologists advise people who experience mental anxiety, wander around pine forest, communicate with nature. hear her voice.

How to behave in the forest

A person, being in the forest, cannot help but influence forest ecosystem, especially if he is in the forest for a long time, picking mushrooms or berries, making a fire, putting up a tent. But a person's influence can be different. Those who treat the forest with care leave barely noticeable traces, which can completely disappear in a week. Careless vacationers who do not care about nature and other people leave mountains of garbage and damaged trees in the forests, and often their vacation ends in a forest fire. Careless and thoughtless vacationers cause no less damage to the forest than attackers - poachers, “black loggers”, arsonists. To ensure that our stay in the forest does not lead to trouble and does not leave unpleasant traces, it is necessary to observe several simple rules.

Fire safety.The biggest disaster that can be caused by a person in the forest is a forest or peat fire. A forest fire can start from the slightest source- an abandoned unextinguished match, a cigarette butt, a spark from a motorcycle or car muffler, a smoldering gun wad, and, of course, from an unextinguished fire or dry grass set on fire in the forest or nearby. Dry moss or lichen, forest floor, peat can smolder for hours before the smoldering turns into an open flame. Therefore, often a person does not even know that he has become the culprit of a forest fire - but the forest, nevertheless, burns (and sometimes not only the forest burns, but also the houses located next to it, or even entire villages).
In order to avoid becoming an unwitting culprit of a forest fire, you must follow a few simple rules.
Firstly, never set fire to dry grass anywhere. The vast majority of spring forest and peat fires arise precisely as a result of arson of dry grass (in addition, arson of dry grass burns down several hundred houses in our country every year; grass smoke causes enormous damage to people suffering from diseases of the heart, blood vessels, and respiratory organs). Not every person is able to cope with a grass fire, especially on a windy day - as a result, dry grass burns sometimes spread for many kilometers, causing fires in forests and shelterbelts, destroying young tree growth.

Secondly, do not make fires unnecessarily, and if you do make them, do so only where there is no danger that the fire will start to smolder peat, forest litter or rags accumulated between the stones. In forests with thick moss or lichen cover, or with thick forest litter, it is necessary to clear the fireplace and the adjacent strip of flammable residues. The fire should not be left unattended, and before leaving it must be carefully extinguished - so that there is not the slightest trace of smoke from it, and so that the heat cannot be felt with your hands.

Thirdly, do not allow sparks, unextinguished matches, cigarette butts, firecrackers, firecrackers and similar objects that could become a source of smoldering and fire to fall on the ground. In summer, in a dry forest, and especially on a peat bog, you need to behave as if you were in a powder warehouse - this will be the only correct and safe behavior for the forest.

Fourthly, if you find a fire in the forest (an abandoned fire, smoldering moss or litter, burning grass), try to extinguish the fire on our own, and if this does not work out, report it to the authorities as quickly as possible fire department or the nearest forestry by calling 8-800-100-94-00 (this is the all-Russian forest guard telephone number), 01, 112, or any other emergency phone number known to you.

Maintaining cleanliness.One of the most noticeable traces of human presence in the forest is garbage. Forests near cities, towns and main roads throughout the country very quickly turn into continuous dumps of a wide variety of waste, mainly left by citizens resting in the forests. Although, according to the current forest legislation, forests must be protected from pollution, no one can cope with millions of citizens littering in the forests. And the more littered the forest is, the more willing its subsequent visitors are to leave their trash in it.

Only through the joint efforts of all people can forests be saved from garbage. A cultured person who respects himself and others should under no circumstances leave any waste from his life in the forest - all garbage should be taken with him and thrown away where it is collected and disposed of. Only for quickly degradable organic waste an exception can be made, but they should also be hidden, since any garbage in the forest may lead the next visitor to the idea that littering is common here.

IN exceptional cases, if for some reason it is impossible to take all the garbage with you, safe and degradable waste can be buried, having previously taken measures to ensure that it decomposes as quickly as possible. Non-flammable waste that cannot be taken with you should be burned, and cans should be burned. Glass and plastic must be taken with you - they practically do not decompose in natural environment, and burning plastic is dangerous in itself.

If possible, it is worth removing the trash left by other people - after all, we have only one Earth, and someone always has to correct the consequences of the bad manners of others.

Maintaining silence.The noise made by people can cause a lot of trouble to the forest and its inhabitants. Many animals and birds, especially during the breeding season (spring and summer), are very sensitive to extraneous loud sounds. Loud screams, music, firecrackers, the noise of motorcycles and mopeds and other similar sounds can frighten animals and birds, force them to abandon their nests, offspring, and move to other areas. Noise is one of the main reasons why fauna Forests around cities, businesses, roads and other places where there are a lot of people and technology are much poorer than the fauna of wild forests.

Loud sounds made by some people often greatly disturb other people from resting and enjoying the silence of the forest. For most of those who like to relax in the forest, pick mushrooms and berries, silence is one of the main advantages of such a vacation. It can be very unpleasant for these people to listen to loud music and the screams of other vacationers, from which, especially in the suburbs and other densely populated areas, there is often simply nowhere to hide.

Finally, someone who constantly makes loud noises in the forest has virtually no chance of encountering interesting wild animals. Animals are not very afraid of a person who simply walks quietly through the forest, but most animals and birds are afraid of a person who walks through the forest with the radio on, rides a motorcycle, screams loudly for no reason.

Therefore, the most correct thing is to always try to behave as quietly as possible in the forest - not only for the sake of the forest itself, but also out of respect for other people relaxing in this forest.

Compliance with laws and regulations.According to Russian forestry legislation, citizens have the right to be in the forest freely and free of charge, to collect mushrooms, berries, nuts, medicinal plants. But there are also things that cannot be done in the forest without special permission, or even cannot be done at all.

Without a special permit (purchase and sale agreement), citizens do not have the right to harvest wood from the forest. According to current legislation, one or another responsibility is provided for the harvesting of any wood, including dead and fallen trees. Illegal logging carries very serious penalties - damages (which depend on many conditions and can be very large even for one tree), heavy fines, and even imprisonment for up to six years.

Without special permission (usually a purchase and sale agreement), you cannot harvest Christmas trees and other coniferous trees for New Year's holidays, even if cutting down a particular tree will not cause damage to the forest - for example, under a power line or on the side of a road.

Rare and endangered plants listed in the Red Book must not be damaged or destroyed. Russian Federation or regional Red Books. These species include many beautifully flowering plants that people love to collect in bouquets (which is why such plant species are becoming rare or even disappearing). Therefore, collecting bouquets of beautiful forest flowers may well turn into a violation, and even a crime. It is best not to pick beautiful flowers in the forest - this will not only help preserve rare species plants, but will also allow other people to look at them.

Do not damage or destroy various forestry signs (posts, posters, etc.), plantings forest trees, various forestry equipment left in the forest during non-working hours.

You cannot set fire to the forest or leave an open fire in the forest, you cannot litter the forest - these are not only good manners, but also a requirement of the current forest legislation. Liability for setting fire to a forest, including accidental one, and for organizing an illegal dump in a forest can be very severe.

We organized a meeting with a representative of our Serovsky forestry, chief specialist in reforestation Svetlana Vladimirovna Novoselova and found out interesting information:

The area of ​​Serovsky forestry is 428,012 hectares

Every year, for artificial reforestation, pine and spruce seedlings are planted on an area of ​​200 hectares (of which 110 hectares are in burnt areas). For this purpose, 600 thousand seedlings are used.

Over the past 3 years, all fires have occurred due to human fault:

2011 - 47 fires, area -472 hectares

2012 - 2 fires, area - 22.5 hectares

2013 - 3 fires, area - 12.7 hectares

The forest is our wealth, so it needs to be preserved. It is impossible to list all the disasters that come from the destruction of forests, so people must reconsider their attitude towards the forest.

Conclusion

So, while working on the project, we decided that our hypothesis was confirmed:

The forest gives us not only material benefits, but the forest’s living soul, which rejoices with us and cries in pain, the forest is our friend, the source of everything beautiful, the healer of our souls.

Our forests excite every person who loves his homeland and have a beneficial effect on his soul. The beauty of the forest is an inexhaustible source of inspiration for poets, writers, composers, and artists.

There is nothing nicer to wander and think here,

It will heal, warm, and feed the Russian forest...

Life seems different and my heart doesn’t hurt,

When the forest is noisy overhead, like an eternity.

References

1.In a birch grove. Stories./ V. Gakina-M.: Children's literature, 1976

2. Great paintings by Russian artists./A. Astakhov - M.: White City, 2009

3.Yu. Dmitriev, N. Pozharitskaya. Book of Nature.-M.: Children's literature, 1990

4. Hello, sun! - M.: Children's literature, 1976

5. S. Merzlyakov. I love you, birch Rus'

6. I. Sokolov-Mikitov. Russian Forest - M.: Children's Literature, 1984

Slide 2

Creative name of the project: The forest is a home, and everyone feels comfortable in it.”

The goal of the project: to develop environmental literacy among students. Project objectives: To introduce students to the meaning of the forest. Consider environmental problems in the forest belt that arise due to human fault. Teach students to formulate learning objectives and choose methods of activity. Teach how to select information from various sources (including the Internet) and systematize it. Develop skills in public presentation of the project.

Slide 3

“Brainstorming” (formation of student research topics) – 1 lesson, 15 minutes. Forming groups to conduct research, putting forward hypotheses for solving problems - 1 lesson, 20 minutes. Choosing a creative name for the project (together with students) - lesson 2, 10 minutes. Discussion of the students’ work plan individually or in a group – lesson 2, 15 minutes. Discussion with schoolchildren of possible sources of information - lesson 3, 20 minutes.

Slide 4

Stages and timing of the project:

Independent work students to discuss the assignment of each in the group - lesson 3, 10 minutes. Independent work of groups to complete tasks - lessons 4, 5, 6. Preparing a presentation by schoolchildren on a report on the work done - lesson 7, 20 minutes. Defense of the obtained results and conclusions – lesson 8, 20 minutes.

Slide 5

Topic of the educational project: What does the forest give to people?

Fundamental Question: What does the forest give to people? Problematic questions: Where and why do forests grow in Russia? What is the importance of forests in human life? Where do forest environmental problems come from? Is man a friend or foe of the forest? Educational subjects: the world around us, literary reading. Participants: 4th grade students, Semyon Vorobyov, Gegham Asatryan, Darina Fatkullina, Olesya Samartseva.

Slide 6

Problems (topics) of students’ independent research:

“The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it” - Semyon Vorobyov. Environmental issues forests. - Asatryan Gegham. Is man friend or foe? - Samartseva Olesya. Where and why do forests grow in Russia? - Fatkullina Darina.

Slide 7

Research presentation results:

Environmental competence of students on the topic of forest protection. Ability to work with information from different sources, illustrate it. Develop observation skills. Develop research skills.

Slide 8

Project: What does the forest give to people?

Slide 10

1. Where and why do forests grow in Russia?

Most of Russia is located in a forest zone extending from eastern borders country to its western borders. In the northern part of the forest belt, where the surface of the earth receives less heat than the southern part, dense, impassable coniferous forests which are called taiga. Cold-resistant tree species grow in the taiga: spruce, pine, fir, larch and cedar. To the southwest of the taiga, the surface of the earth receives more heat and moisture, so they grow there along with coniferous trees mixed forests: birch, aspen, alder, willow, bird cherry, oak. The most powerful tree of these forests is the oak. Oak trees are demanding of soil, heat, and moisture, so they spread east only to the Ural Mountains. Broad-leaved forests and groves extend even further to the south. In these forests grow: maple, ash, beech, elm, oak, linden, hawthorn, viburnum, rose hips, raspberries. Forests occupy more than half of Russia's territory and constitute our main natural wealth.

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2. “The forest is a home, and everyone feels comfortable in it.”

What is the importance of forests in human life? There is nothing nicer: A mountain ash is waiting for us in the forest, Wandering and thinking here, Nuts and flowers. It will heal, warm, Fragrant raspberries will feed the Russian forest. On dense bushes. And the thirst will torment you - Life seems different, Then the little forest tree will appear to me And my heart won’t hurt, Among the thorny thickets When overhead, A fontanel will show. Like eternity, the forest is noisy. The meaning of the forest: pharmacy source clean water and food source of wood source of fuel home for plants, animals, mushrooms protector of air, reservoirs, soil resting place

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3. Ecological problems of the forest.

Where do forest environmental problems come from? We came to the river to spend Sunday, but we couldn’t find a free place near the river. They sit here and sit there: Sunbathe and eat, Relax as they want, Hundreds of adults and children. We walked along the bank and found a clearing. But in the sunny meadow there are empty cans here and there. And, as if to spite us, Even broken glass!

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Forest problems:

People try to preserve broad-leaved forests - there are very few of them. Back in the 18th century. By decree of Peter I, cutting down oak groves was prohibited in Russia. In the forest zone, fur-bearing animals and fishing on rivers and lakes are developed. However, uncontrolled hunting of fur-bearing animals has led to a reduction in their numbers. Therefore, now hunting for many animals is limited or completely prohibited. The main problem of the forest zone is forest fires. A fire in a forest is very difficult to extinguish, especially in windy weather. After the fire, the forest begins to slowly die out. The children's fun of setting fire to dry grass very often turns into a tragedy for the forest. Attention! The forest is harmed by: Human pollution of the forest with food waste Deforestation Illegal hunting Fires

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Conclusions:

Forests in Russia grow in conditions favorable to them, which depend on heat, amount of moisture, climatic conditions, soil properties, etc. The forest is important for humans as a source of health, clean air, and a habitat for animals. 3. Destruction of forests by humans for economic needs and through negligence can lead to environmental disaster on Earth. Take care of the forest!

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Riddle: The house is open on all sides, It is covered with a carved roof. Come to green house You will see miracles in it. Topic of the educational project: What does the forest give to people? Author: Larisa Petrovna Vasilchenko, primary school teacher at Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 3” in Orenburg. 4th grade. The world around us. Natural areas . Russia is a country of forests. Creative name of the project: The forest is a home, and everyone feels comfortable in it.” The goal of the project: to develop environmental literacy among students. Project objectives: To introduce students to the meaning of the forest. Consider environmental problems in the forest belt that arise due to human fault. Teach students to formulate learning objectives and choose methods of activity. Teach how to select information from various sources (including the Internet) and systematize it. Develop skills in public presentation of the project. Stages and timing of the project: “Brainstorming” (formation of student research topics) – 1 lesson, 15 minutes. Forming groups to conduct research, putting forward hypotheses for solving problems - 1 lesson, 20 minutes. Choosing a creative name for the project (together with students) - lesson 2, 10 minutes. Discussion of the students’ work plan individually or in a group – lesson 2, 15 minutes. Discussion with schoolchildren of possible sources of information - lesson 3, 20 minutes. Stages and timing of the project: Independent work of students to discuss each assignment in a group - lesson 3, 10 minutes. Independent work of groups to complete tasks - lessons 4, 5, 6. Preparing a presentation by schoolchildren on a report on the work done - lesson 7, 20 minutes. Defense of the obtained results and conclusions – lesson 8, 20 minutes. Topic of the educational project: What does the forest give to people? Fundamental question: What does the forest give to people? Problematic questions: Where and why do forests grow in Russia? What is the importance of forests in human life? Where do forest environmental problems come from? Is man a friend or foe of the forest? Academic subjects: the world around us, literary reading. Participants: 4th grade students, Semyon Vorobyov, Gegham Asatryan, Darina Fatkullina, Olesya Samartseva. Problems (topics) of students’ independent research: “The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it” - Semyon Vorobyov. Ecological problems of the forest. - Asatryan Gegham. Is man friend or foe? - Samartseva Olesya. Where and why do forests grow in Russia? - Fatkullina Darina. Results of the research presentation: Environmental competence of students on the topic of forest protection. Ability to work with information from different sources and illustrate it. Develop observation skills. Develop research skills. Project: What does the forest give to people? Authors of the project: 4th grade students of secondary school No. 3 Asatryan Gegham, Vorobyov Semyon, Samartseva Olesya, Fatkulina Darina. Leader: Larisa Petrovna Vasilchenko Hypothesis: Human life and forests are interconnected. Research methods: observation, experiment, analysis, generalization, excursion. 1. Where and why do forests grow in Russia? Most of Russia is located in a forest zone, stretching from the eastern borders of the country to its western borders. In the northern part of the forest belt, where the surface of the earth receives less heat than the southern part, dense, impenetrable coniferous forests grow, which are called taiga. Cold-resistant tree species grow in the taiga: spruce, pine, fir, larch and cedar. To the southwest of the taiga, the surface of the earth receives more heat and moisture, so mixed forests grow there along with coniferous trees: birch, aspen, alder, willow, bird cherry, oak. The most powerful tree of these forests is the oak. Oak trees are demanding of soil, heat, and moisture, so they spread east only to the Ural Mountains. Broad-leaved forests and groves extend even further to the south. In these forests grow: maple, ash, beech, elm, oak, linden, hawthorn, viburnum, rose hips, raspberries. Forests occupy more than half of Russia's territory and constitute our main natural wealth. 2. “The forest is a home, and everyone feels comfortable in it.” What is the importance of forests in human life? There is nothing nicer to wander and think here, it will heal, warm, and feed the Russian forest. And if thirst torments me, then the little forest boy will show me a fontanel among the thorny thickets. Rowan, Nuts and flowers are waiting for us in the forest. Fragrant raspberries On dense bushes. Life seems different, And the heart does not hurt, When overhead, like eternity, the forest is noisy. The meaning of the forest: pharmacy source of clean water and food source of wood source of fuel home for plants, animals, mushrooms protector of air, reservoirs, soil resting place 3. Ecological problems of the forest. Where do forest environmental problems come from? We came to the river to spend Sunday, but we couldn’t find a free place near the river. They sit here and sit there: Sunbathe and eat, Relax as they want, Hundreds of adults and children. We walked along the bank and found a clearing. But in the sunny meadow there are empty cans here and there. And, as if to spite us, Even broken glass! Forest problems: People try to preserve broad-leaved forests - there are very few of them. Back in the 18th century. By decree of Peter I, cutting down oak groves was prohibited in Russia. In the forest zone, fur-bearing animals and fishing on rivers and lakes are developed. However, uncontrolled hunting of fur-bearing animals has led to a reduction in their numbers. Therefore, now hunting for many animals is limited or completely prohibited. The main problem of the forest zone is forest fires. A fire in a forest is very difficult to extinguish, especially in windy weather. After the fire, the forest begins to slowly die out. The children's fun of setting fire to dry grass very often turns into a tragedy for the forest. Attention! The forest is harmed by: Pollution of the forest by people with food waste Deforestation Illegal hunting Fires Conclusions: 1. 2. Forests in Russia grow in conditions favorable to them, which depend on heat, amount of moisture, climatic conditions, soil properties, etc. The forest is important for humans as a source of health, clean air, and a habitat for animals. 3. Human destruction of forests for economic needs and through negligence can lead to an environmental disaster on Earth. Take care of the forest!