An exalted person is a sensitive and kind person. What is exaltation? Is exaltation good or bad?

- On an exalted admirer, who only wants what is under the window

Idol stand all night long, he, sorry, doesn’t look like him. - Why “sorry”?
- Well, you never know. Suddenly, for once, you decided to acquire a fan. Moreover

certainly exalted. And I'm taking away your last hope.

Max Fry. Yellow metal key

Exaltation (Exalted) as a personality quality - a tendency to show high mood with excessive inspiration, immoderate and unbridled enthusiasm for the simplest things and events, an excessively violent emotional reaction, overestimation of one’s qualities, appearance, abilities and capabilities.

One day on a hot day summer day a neighbor invited Khoja to visit. Sweet syrup was served in a large jug. The owner gave Khoja a teaspoon, and took a whole ladle for himself and began scooping syrup from the jug. No matter how hard Khoja tried, he could not keep up with him. And every time the owner scoops it up, he falls into a state of exaltation, exclaiming with delight: “Oh, I’m dying!” I can't stand this! Food of the Gods! Die and not live!

In the end, Nasreddin threw the teaspoon and snatched the ladle from the owner: - Neighbor! Let me die at least once!

Exaltation is excited enthusiasm, inspired liveliness. Exaltation is constantly in an excited state and incessant enthusiasm. When a neighbor accidentally runs in to borrow salt, she shouts: “God, what a blessing that you stopped by to see me.” I adore you, and have long dreamed of meeting such a wonderful and wonderful person.

That is, an insignificant fact causes exaltation to have a violent emotional outburst and boundless experiences. If a neighbor had a kitten in her hands, exaltation would probably experience a feeling of complete happiness and a feeling of emotional overwhelm. But if the neighbor, citing being busy, refused to enter, her mood would turn one hundred and eighty degrees, giving way to despair and complete despondency.

Mood swings from passionate jubilation to mortal depression and melancholy are the signature of exaltation. The slightest failure, slight disappointment for ordinary person can become a sincere and deep grief for exaltation. She always has the “Tears of Happy” and “Ready for Despair” buttons turned on.

There lived a rich collector of ancient statues, of which he had a great many. They stood along its alleys beautiful park. Friends sent a young student to the rich man with a recommendation from the local Historical Society so that he could get acquainted with the amazing collection.

The manager reported to the owner about the arrival of the guest, met him and led him along the paths of the park to the house. Captivated by curiosity, the student stopped near each statue, sighed enthusiastically, fell into despondency and despair that there were no such statues in his society, then again, as if in a fever, he trembled with joy and delight near the next statue and swallowed tears of grief from the understanding that their he will never have it. In the end, the manager could not stand it: - Sir, who should I introduce you to: the statues or their owner?

Exaltation sees either an embellished, elegant world, or a pronounced black color of reality. Having a craving for beauty, exaltation has good taste: it makes good artistic people, artists, designers, decorators. Love for high art, nature, religious experiences, passion for sports, ideological quests can completely, to the depths of the soul, absorb the attention of an exalted person. Uncontrollably dreamy and imaginative exaltation uses raised tones, colorful phrases, and ornate descriptions in its verbal communication. Exalted people are close to compassion, sincerity and altruism. At the same time, they are prone to alarmism, amorousness and talkativeness.

Violently expressing one's feelings, exaltation can become fatally boring to anyone in a week. patient partner. Who likes every minute screams: - No! You have no idea how much I love you! I adore you!? And this is said everywhere - at dinner, on the street, in the car. Even the toilet and bathroom do not save you from the encroachments of exaltation. It is not surprising that partners run away from her with enviable consistency, having set their teeth on edge from such unbridled manifestations of love.

Exaltation is a variable state: either in incredible happiness or in hopeless grief. Ready now to embrace the whole world, a minute later, all in tears, she announces in a tragic voice: “Everything is lost!”

As it turns out, my friend’s cell phone number was erased by mistake. Later she remembers that he is in notebook and her other friends know him. Exaltedness is one hundred percent confident in the sophistication of its tastes, manners, and unique worldview. She's always right, everyone else is an idiot.

F.M. Dostoevsky created unforgettable images of exalted women in the novels “The Idiot” - Nastasya Filippovna and “The Brothers Karamazov” - Katerina Ivanovna. Katya never loved her fiancé; she was dominated by the thought of saving him. That's why she became his bride. Imagining herself as a savior, she says: “If that’s the case, then he hasn’t died yet! He is only in despair, but I can still save him... I want to save him forever! May he forget me as his bride! And now he is afraid of me for his honor!? After all, Alexey Fedorovich, he wasn’t afraid to open up to you? Why haven't I deserved the same yet? — Last words she said in tears; tears flowed from her eyes.”

Exaltation forces her to call Grushenka, her rival in her relationship with Mitya, to her home in order to make her her ally in saving Mitya. She is delighted with Grushenka: “Grushenka, angel, give me your hand, look at this plump, small, lovely hand, Alexey Fedorovich; do you see her, she brought me happiness and resurrected me, and now I’m going to kiss her, both on top and on her palm, here, here and here!.. - And she kissed the really lovely one three times, as if in ecstasy, too much , maybe Grushenka’s plump hand.” However, Katerina Ivanovna had to experience the mental pangs of disappointment. Grushenka does not agree to save Mitya and declares: “So stay with the memory that you kissed my hand, but I didn’t kiss you at all. So I’ll tell Mitya now how you kissed my hand, but I don’t like you at all. And how he will laugh!” Katerina Ivanovna’s mood makes a sharp turn. Now Grushenka becomes a “dissolute woman” and “a creature always ready to serve.” Further, “Katerina Ivanovna had a seizure. She was sobbing, the spasms were choking her. Everyone was fussing around her.”

A separate conversation about her behavior during the trial. At first she defends Mitya, reaching the point of self-humiliation. In her testimony, she tells how one day, saving her father, she came to ask Mitya for money: “There was something unprecedented here, so even from such an autocratic and contemptuously proud girl like her, it was almost impossible to expect such a highly frank testimony , such a sacrifice, such a self-immolation. And for what, for whom? To save your traitor and offender, to serve at least something, even small, to save him, making a good impression in his favor.”

But a few minutes later she listens to the testimony of Mitya’s brother, Ivan, whom she loves more than her fiancé. Ivan accuses himself of inciting parricide. And it’s here that raging feelings force Katerina Ivanovna to take a completely opposite position. Shocked by pity for Ivan, and perhaps also overcome by fear that his confessions would be taken seriously, she felt a fierce hatred for Mitya, considering him responsible for her brother’s mental illness. She shouts: “I tried to defeat him (Mitya) with my love, love without end, I even wanted to endure his betrayal, but he understood nothing, nothing. How can he understand anything? This is a monster!

Dostoevsky continues: “Oh, of course, you can only say this and admit this once in your life - at the dying minute, for example, when ascending the scaffold. But Katya was in her character and in her moment. It was the same impetuous Katya who then rushed to the young libertine to save her father; the same Katya who just now, in front of this entire public, proud and chaste, sacrificed herself and her girlish shame, talking about Mitya’s “noble deed”, just to somehow soften the fate that awaited him. And now, in the same way, she also sacrificed herself, but for another, and maybe only now, only at this minute, for the first time feeling and fully comprehending how dear this other person is to her.”

Having reached the limit of emotional excitement after her testimony against Mitya, Katerina Ivanovna falls into a hysterical fit: “The moment of vengeance flew by unexpectedly, and everything that had been accumulating for so long and painfully in the chest of the offended woman burst out at once, and again unexpectedly. She betrayed Mitya, but she also betrayed herself! And of course, as soon as she had time to speak out, the tension broke and shame overwhelmed her. Hysterics began again, she fell, sobbing and screaming. She was taken away."

Another example of exaltation. Nikolai Rostov, the hero of Leo Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace,” received the news of the war with delight and inspiration. Dreams of glory, courage, and female enthusiasm literally put him in the saddle and drove him to war. Having seen the war with his own eyes, his exaltation went to the other extreme: “And the heated, alien face of this man, who with a bayonet at his advantage, holding his breath, easily ran up to him, frightened Rostov. He grabbed the pistol and, instead of shooting from it, threw it at the Frenchman and ran towards the bushes as fast as he could. He ran not with the feeling of doubt and struggle with which he went to the Ensky Bridge, but with the feeling of a hare running away from dogs. One inseparable feeling of fear for his young, happy life took over his entire being."

As the years passed, Rostov’s youthful exaltation subsided; he viewed his duty to defend the Motherland pragmatically: “Nikolai Rostov, without any goal of self-sacrifice, but by chance, since the war found him in the service, took a close and long-term part in the defense of the fatherland and therefore without despair and looked at what was happening only in Russia with gloomy conclusions. If they asked him what he thinks about the current situation in Russia, he would say that he has nothing to think about, that Kutuzov and others have that.” In a word, with age, Nikolai Rostov’s exaltation disappeared like “smoke from white apple trees.”

Peter Kovalev 2013

By exaltation, some people mistakenly understand pretentiousness in clothing, some special external chic in a person that sets him apart from the surrounding gray mass. While exaltation is a character trait, temperament, and hence a behavior pattern and, to a certain extent, a person’s lifestyle.

Sociologists interpret the concept of “exaltation” as an excited, enthusiastic state, painful liveliness. There is an expression: “to fall into exaltation.” A similar state is inherent in artistic people who live on emotions. They are extremely impressionable. Love for nature, art, and ideological searches can capture an exalted personality to the depths of the soul. They deeply experience the failures of their relatives and people close to them, just acquaintances, at a time when the victims themselves do not see the tragedy as such a big one. Compassion for an animal that is lonely and unhappy in their opinion can also drive such people to despair. An exalted lady, in a fit of compassion, is able to pick up an “abandoned” kitten on the street and take it home, and the next day, after it “made a puddle” in her shoe, internally tormented and hiding from prying eyes, she will take it back.

Also, the concept of “exaltation” refers to a short-term period of increased excitability of nervous and muscle tissue, which is then replaced by a phase of slightly reduced excitability. Changes in mood, enthusiasm and disappointment are characteristic of people of this type. They are talkative, often argue, but rarely descend into open conflicts.

Mass exaltation

The state of exaltation can simultaneously cover large groups people in the form of spontaneous excitement for certain events - fire, earthquake, other natural and social phenomena. An enthusiastic, extremely excited state of the masses can be artificially induced. For example, the phenomenon of mass exaltation occurs at pop star concerts and during and after major sporting events.

Exaltation in astrology

The term “exaltation” is also used by astrologers. For them, it means the position of the planet in a certain part of its trajectory, path. A planet in exaltation means the planet is not at home, not in its abode. She is “visiting” and at the same time at work. Its effect on the zodiac sign is different. It is believed that if in the monastery the planet acts on an intuitive-instinctive level, then in exaltation it acts on an emotional-sensual level.

Psychology considers exaltation as a manifestation of temperament, close to psychopathy. The German psychiatrist Karl Leonhard was the first to describe the concept of exaltation, identified and classified this type, and also characterized it as "temperament of anxiety and happiness".

Manifestations of exaltation are characteristic certain types temperament: sanguine and choleric. Women exhibit exaltation in behavior more often than men. For people from the acting environment, exaltation is an inherent feature that helps them in their profession.

Manifestations of exaltation

Exaltation is a tendency to exaggeration And abrupt transitions from a state of happiness to overwhelming grief.

How early does exaltation begin to appear?

Children's behavior is quite early age exaltation is a fairly common occurrence. Aged 2–5 years almost every child throws tantrums from time to time with loud crying, and can move from a joyful mood to sadness and tears. Sometimes children burst into laughter so hard that it is impossible to calm them down, sometimes they run around excitedly, waving their arms and screaming, attracting attention. We can say that all this is characteristic of a certain stage of growth and development of each individual.

Subsequently, the majority of people begin to control their emotions and behavior - which can be considered a sign of maturity. But individuals can remain an eternal child and deservedly gain the opinion of themselves as an exalted person.

Attitudes of others towards exalted people

Like everything excessive, exaltation is subject to censure. For such people:

• Conflicts with others often arise.
• They try not to give them important work assignments.
• Deep friendly relations You don’t get involved with them either, because it’s hard to trust them. You never know what such a person might “throw out” in the next minute.

Exaltation is a huge problem for those close to the person who is characterized by such a temperament. Living next to such a person is tantamount to living near a sleeping volcano. Living together with such people is full of surprises, and not always pleasant ones.

How does an exalted person live?

Not all individuals with a similar temperament consider its manifestations your problem. Confidence in their own infallibility does not allow them to understand that for most of their failures in life they have no one to blame except ourselves. These people often make mistakes. Being poorly adapted to everyday life, they cannot cope with the “prose of life”, they can become drunk, get bogged down in everyday problems, and thoughtlessly lose their home.

At the beginning life path, while my parents are nearby, close people - they participate in their fate and do not allow something irreparable to happen. Over the years, these people begin to be persecuted more often than others. loneliness. One can recall quite a lot of such broken destinies using the examples of great artists and famous artists who died in loneliness and poverty.

But even if the person himself is aware of his peculiarity and would like to get rid of exaltation - alas. Your natural temperament and mental characteristics not given to anyone change by the power of desire alone and the knowledge of what exaltation is.

Exalted personality type

EXALTED

EXALTED

EXALTED, exalted, exalted; exalted, exalted, exalted (book).

1. Being in a state of exaltation. Exalted man.

2. Generated, caused, imbued with exaltation. An exalted act. Exalted gaze.

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.

Synonyms:

See what “EXALTED” is in other dictionaries:

- (from the word exaltation). Enthusiastic, easily admired. Dictionary foreign words, included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. EXALTED ecstatic. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Pavlenkov F.,... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Inspired, enthusiastic, excited Dictionary of Russian synonyms. exalted see enthusiastic Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova ... Dictionary of synonyms

exalted- oh, oh. 1. Being in exaltation. BAS 1. The princess continued to re-educate him with all the passion of an exalted woman. Salt. Mr. Tashkent people. Exalted man. Ush. 1940. 2. Related to exaltation, characteristic... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

EXALTED, oh, oh; an, anna and EXALTED, aya, oh; an, Anna (book). Exalted, imbued with exaltation. Exalted behavior. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

exalted- exalt, exalted and obsolete exalt, exalted... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language

Adj. 1. ratio with noun exaltation, associated with it 2. Characteristic of the state of exaltation, characteristic of it. 3. Being in a state of exaltation. 4. Caused by a state of exaltation. 5. Expressing a state of exaltation. Explanatory dictionary... ... Modern explanatory dictionary Russian language Efremova

Exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted, exalted,... ... Forms of words

exalted- exalted; briefly form an, anna... Russian spelling dictionary

exalted- cr.f. exalti/ro/van, exalti/ro/bath, bath, baths; exalti/ro/vannee… Spelling dictionary of the Russian language

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AFFECTIVE-EXALTED TEMPERAMENT

An affectively exalted temperament, when its severity approaches psychopathy, could be called the temperament of anxiety and happiness. This name emphasizes its close connection with anxiety-happy psychosis, which is accompanied by sudden mood swings. The described temperament may indeed be a weakened form of this disease, but such a relationship is not necessary. In cases where pure affective exaltation is observed, there can be no talk of pathology.

Affectively exalted people react to life more violently than others. The rate of growth of reactions and their external manifestations are very intense. Affectively exalted individuals equally easily become delighted with joyful events and despair with sad ones. From “passionate jubilation to mortal melancholy,” in the words of the poet, they have one step. Exaltation is to a small extent associated with gross, egoistic incentives; much more often it is motivated by subtle, altruistic motives. Attachment to loved ones, friends, joy for them, for their success can be extremely strong. There are enthusiastic impulses that are not related to purely personal relationships. Love for music, art, nature, passion for sports, religious experiences, searches for a worldview - all this can capture an exalted person to the depths of his soul.

The other pole of his reactions is extreme impressionability about sad facts. Pity and compassion for unfortunate people and sick animals can drive such a person to despair. Regarding an easily correctable failure, a slight disappointment that others would have forgotten the next day, exalted man may experience genuine and deep grief. He feels some ordinary trouble of a friend more painfully than the victim himself. Fear in people with such a temperament apparently has the property of a sharp increase, since even with a slight fear that engulfs an exalted nature, physiological manifestations are noticeable (trembling, cold sweat), and hence an intensification of mental reactions.

The fact that exaltation is associated with subtle and very human emotions explains why artistic people - artists, poets - especially often have this temperament. Artistic talent is something completely different from scientific ability in a particular area, such as mathematics. What is the reason for this phenomenon?

First, I believe that talent alone does not provide the opportunity to create a work of art. Such a work is born only when the creator is capable of a high intensity of emotional experiences. If a person has deep intelligence and practical common sense, then nothing will prevent him from developing his mathematical, technical or organizational abilities. But with such a reasonable practical installation this person does not write poetry or compose music, although his natural abilities would be enough for this.

Secondly, emotions themselves allow you to create correct judgment about the emerging work, give it a correct assessment. The level of science is measured by its applied value, while the value of a work of art is recognized only by its emotional impact. It follows from this that an integral property of a poet or artist must first of all be emotional excitability. The second stimulating moment for an artistic nature may be the presence of demonstrative character traits. Finally, we will encounter a third point when considering introversion.

Conflicts between artistic natures and life often occur due to too much sensitivity; the “prose” of life, its sometimes crude demands, are beyond their ability to cope with.

For example, Hölderlin's excess of feelings stimulated his poetic creativity, but at the same time did not allow him to adapt to the everyday demands of life. Perhaps his constant emotional excitability was of a painful nature, since in the second half of his life he developed severe mental illness(my work is on this topic published in 1964).

Hölderlin suffered more throughout his life than he experienced outbursts of ecstatic joy, but this was due to great life's difficulties, which he had to experience due to excessive sensitivity. By the onset of mental illness, this exceptional emotive excitability had increased even more. In a letter to V. Lange, he writes: “Believe me, dear! I fought until deathly exhaustion to keep higher life, in faith and in contemplation, oh yes! I have struggled, suffering unspeakably, and I believe that my torment exceeds everything that has ever been experienced by man.” In such vital hyperboles we not only recognize Hölderlin, but at the same time we get an idea of ​​the strength of the impulses with which excitability fed his poetic inspiration.

I cited the outstanding German lyricist as an example. In a similar way, although perhaps not to the same extent, emotive excitability is the basis for the creation works of art in many artistic natures. Let us add to this the natural desire of the artist to reflect in his work what captivates him so strongly and deeply.

The negative “pole” of the affectively exalted temperament can be observed in the following example.

Klaus E., born 1928 The mother is an exalted woman, who is characterized, on the one hand, by a feeling of enthusiasm, and on the other, by susceptibility to sad experiences. As a child, Klaus was afraid of the dark. In the darkness, it always seemed to him that someone was standing behind him - he would look around and quickly run away, his heart pounding. He was a silent, reserved man who did not like to speak in public: in doing so, he lost his voice and sweated profusely. Klaus E. could not stand it when animals were beaten in front of him; he experienced “aching melancholy,” but, since he was “choked by excitement,” he could not utter a sound in defense of the poor four-legged animal. He is captivated by various solemn events: “When solemn hymns are performed, I am directly afraid to cry, all from being moved...” Klaus experiences something similar during visits to the theater. However, he cannot play himself and never could, he begins to experience “stage fever” and definitely has a “lump in his throat.” He really loves music, tender, lyrical, like Schumann’s “Dreams,” but he also likes the chorus from “The Flying Dutchman.” At the age of 25, he entered a university, studied with enthusiasm for 2 years, after which a breakdown occurred. Klaus E. fell ill. His mother sent him a significant amount to buy food, but he, succumbing to the persuasion of his comrades, spent all this money on alcohol and had a party. “My God, I come from the most friendly feelings, we must help each other!” This incident was the beginning. Now, after all sorts of minor failures, which often cause Klaus severe depression, he drinks more and more often. His mother contacted us about this.

We can say that the character of this subject is dominated by “readiness for despair.” Already as a child, he was often in the grip of sad and anxious experiences. Later, he increasingly began to despair when he could not achieve something, and he was often overcome by fear. The fact that these fluctuations were associated with the typical temperament of anxiety and happiness is confirmed by Klaus’s emotion at all kinds of special events: in this case, this state symbolizes a feeling of happiness, and his tears at this moment are tears of happiness.

Poets and artists often differ exalted temperament, as evidenced by the examples below.

Martin R., born 1901, lyric poet. At the age of 62, when he came to see me, he was more involved in translating poetry from foreign languages. R. was different musical abilities, and he rather perceived his poems “as songs.” For some time he worked on advertising posters. His entire life bears the imprint of violent emotional experiences and unrest. Since childhood, R. was an enthusiastic person; at school he took active participation in social work. One day it almost came to a school strike, organized by R. as a protest against one vain and intolerant teacher. Later hobbies mainly concerned music, poetry and beautiful women. My current wife R. pathetically described as a “wonder woman.” R. is characterized by constant fluctuations between inspiration and extreme pessimism during trifling failures. In the latter case, he also began to have suicidal thoughts. R. came to meet us depressed: renal colic led him to believe that he had cancer.

R. is a typical lyricist. What is interesting in this case is that outbursts of despair are associated with thoughts of suicide.

I turn to the characterization of the artist’s personality, described earlier by Thorstorf.

Adele G., born in 1901, mother of an imbecile child, who became her favorite precisely as a result of his illness. She selflessly looks after him.

G. lives for the sake of his sick son and for the sake of art. She is interested in “everything beautiful.” At her first visit (she was then 63 years old), she said dreamily: “Painting is my greatest joy. I can’t help but write them!” The beauty of nature served as a kind of mood, and she began to be drawn to the brush: “I paint only motives that evoke inner joy. I have a need to express in colors the feeling of happiness that nature gives me. When I walk through a meadow or a forest, I feel unspeakable happiness. And I think: “This is wonderful, you write this!” Happiness without painting does not exist for me!” When asked why she tries so hard, since she never exhibits her paintings, she replied: “I don’t set this goal for myself. It’s enough for me to know that I can draw this...” Her statement is also interesting: “When I see a flower, I want to penetrate into its essence. For example, calendula - how much joy these petals radiate thanks to their yellow glow!” Or here’s another: “It’s hard to draw human face. You always want to guess the expression of the soul itself behind the external outlines.”

The ability to experience great inspiration explains the fact that G. devoted herself to painting and creativity with great inspiration. The second pole is represented by her touching care about my son, with deep compassion for this weak-minded child.

The following example is previously described by Seige.

Martin C., 25 years old, was musical since childhood and sang willingly. Upon completion high school became a locksmith's apprentice. During one radio broadcast, he was unexpectedly discovered to have singing abilities. He began taking singing lessons and then began performing with a pop orchestra. He sings on radio and television in entertainment programs, but dreams of participating in revues and musicals, since he is interested not only in singing, but also in artistic design. Even now Ts. is trying to accompany the singing with expressive facial expressions and gestures.

The subject characterizes himself as a very temperamental person. He quickly becomes inspired and at such moments he feels “super happy.” But just as quickly he can fall into deep melancholy or a state of anxiety; at such moments he is close to despair. He is returned to a balanced state by the influence of his wife. In general, Ts. is in an elevated mood, he considers himself an optimist, and is sometimes ready to “dance on the table” out of joy. It is not difficult for Ts. to immerse himself in the mood that a pop number requires, and then his performance turns out to be very convincing. He is ambitious, but fair, not vindictive and does not know how to stand up for himself.

One day Ts., very alarmed, ran to the dentist, who shortly before had given him two crowns. There was no pain, but the crowns were “insanely in the way”; he will not be able to sing or perform. Ts. already saw himself as unemployed. The doctor reassured Ts., for which he thanked him in a very pompous style. A few days later, the singer reported that everything was fine with him.

The deep enthusiasm associated with Ts.’s profession as a pop singer is explained by his excitability and tendency to exaltation. The incident with the crowns indicates the lability of his psyche with a tendency to excessive anxiety.

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