A story about the beneficial effects of nature on humans. Essay on the Unified State Examination “The problem of the beneficial influence of nature on humans”, based on the text by G. Troepolsky

Write an essay based on the text below. Volume of at least 150 words.

Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Give at least two arguments, based primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations.

Original text

IN autumn forest everything was yellow and crimson, it seemed that everything was burning and shining along with the sun. The trees had just begun to shed their clothes, and the leaves were falling, swaying in the air, silently and smoothly. It was cool and light, and therefore fun. The autumn smell of the forest is special, unique, persistent and pure, so much so that Bim could smell the owner tens of meters away. NOW the owner sat down on a stump, ordered Bim to sit too, and he took off his cap, put it next to him on the ground and looked at the leaves. And listened to the silence of the forest. Well, of course he smiled! He was now the same as always before the start of the hunt. And so the owner got up, unsheathed the gun, and put in the cartridges. Bim trembled with excitement. Ivan Ivanovich patted him affectionately on the back of the neck, which made Bim even more excited. - Well, boy, look! Bim has gone! It went like a small shuttle, maneuvering between the trees, squat, springy and almost silent. Ivan Ivanovich slowly followed him, admiring his friend’s work. Now the forest with all its beauties remains in the background: Glavvgoe-Bim, graceful, passionate, light on the move. Occasionally calling him to him, Ivan Ivanovich ordered him to lie down to allow him to calm down and get involved. And soon Bim walked smoothly, competently. Great art is the work of a setter! HERE he walks at a light gallop, raising his head, he doesn’t need to lower it and look underneath, he takes the smells on horseback, while the silky fur fits his chiseled neck. That’s why he’s so handsome because he holds his head with dignity, confidence and passion. The forest was silent. The golden birch leaves played just a little, bathing in the sparkles of the sun. The young oak trees grew quiet next to the majestic giant oak-father, hugging the progenitor. The silver-gray leaves remaining on the aspen flutter silently. And on the fallen yellow foliage There stood a dog, one of the best creations of nature and patient man. Not a single muscle moved! This is what the classic yellow forest stance is all about! - Go ahead, boy! Bim lifted the woodcock onto the wing. Shot! The forest perked up, responding with a dissatisfied, offended echo. It seemed that the birch tree, which had climbed to the border of the oak and aspen trees, was frightened and shuddered. The oak trees groaned like heroes. The aspen trees nearby were hastily sprinkled with leaves. Woodcock fell into a lump. Bim served it according to all the rules. But the owner, having caressed Bim and thanked him for the beautiful work, held the bird in his palm, looked at it and said thoughtfully: “Eh, it’s not necessary...
Bim didn’t understand, he peered into Ivan Ivanovich’s face, and he continued: “Only for you, Bim, for you, stupid.” But it’s not worth it. Yesterday was a happy day. But still there is some kind of sediment in my soul. Why not? I felt sorry for killing the game. It’s so nice all around, and suddenly the bird is dead. I am not a vegetarian or a prude who describes the suffering of killed animals and eats their meat with pleasure. But until the end of my days I set myself a condition: one or two woodcock per hunt, no more. If not a single one, it would be even better, but then Bim will die like hunting dog. and I will be forced to buy a bird that someone else will kill for me. No, excuse me from this... Where does the residue from yesterday come from? And is it only from yesterday? Did I miss some thought?.. So, yesterday: the pursuit of happiness, a yellow forest - and a dead bird. What is this: isn’t it a deal with your conscience? Stop! This is the thought that escaped yesterday: not a deal, but a reproach of conscience and pain for everyone who kills uselessly when a person loses his humanity. From the past, from memories of the past, pity for birds and animals comes and grows in me. Ah, yellow forest, yellow forest! Here is a piece of happiness for you, here is a place for reflection. In the autumn forest a person becomes cleaner.

Composition

In his text, the Russian Soviet writer Gavriil Nikolaevich Troepolsky raises the problem of the impact of nature on humans.
Revealing the problem, the author cites an episode from his life as an example. One day, while walking along spring forest, the author, amazed by the beauty of the forest, comes to the idea that in the forest a person becomes cleaner. Troepolsky also says that nature is capable of awakening in a person best qualities, it’s not for nothing that he calls nature “a beautiful dream of reality.”
The author believes that it is nature that helps awaken joy and love in a person’s soul and cleanses him of negative emotions.
I completely agree with the author’s opinion that the beauty of the world around us acts on people as medicine, makes them think about beauty.
I can prove the correctness of this point of view by referring to the work of I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". In the novel, in the chapter “Oblomov’s dream,” the author depicts Oblomovka, where he grew up main character. This is a place where nature protects residents from adversity. Living life in such a place, people are in harmony with the world. Their souls are pure like nature itself; there are no dirty thoughts or actions here. Everything is peaceful and friendly. Oblomov is a product of this world. He has kindness, beauty of soul, attention to his neighbor, everything for which Stolz valued him so much and Olga fell in love with him. So the author wants to convey to us the idea that the beauty of nature affects the residents of Oblomovka in the best possible way.
The same problem is revealed in B. Vasiliev’s story “Don’t Shoot White Swans.” The main character loves nature and admires its mysterious beauty. After visiting the zoo, Yegor, amazed by the beauty of the swans, decided to buy these beautiful birds in order to settle them on the lake. The author shows us the kindness of the soul of this man, who is unable to tolerate violence towards all living things. This example proves to us that nature is capable of awakening the best qualities in a person and directing him to the true path.
Thus, nature really awakens the most beautiful feelings in a person: happiness, joy, inspiration. A person who has seen the beauty of nature becomes cleaner and kinder to others.

Nature and man, in my opinion, are two concepts inseparable from each other. We are all part big world: amazing, enchanting, filled with life. Everyone has noticed more than once how mood changes in accordance with changes in nature.

In autumn, when outside the window it's raining, it’s so nice to be sad. And in the spring, when the warm rays of the sun break through the horizon in the morning, it comes from somewhere by itself. good mood, the desire to rejoice at every new leaf that bloomed at night on the lilac bush growing near the window. The world around us has an invisible influence on our attitude to life and our mood. The first snow and yellow autumn crowns of trees, green grass through unsteady asphalt, birds hurrying home from the south - all this makes you admire the power and wonders of nature in a new way every time.

The question of the influence of nature on humans is very often heard in fiction. Many poets and writers draw a subtle parallel between the mental state of heroes and the state of nature. So in A.I. Kuprin’s story “Olesya” nature is the background of the events happening to the main characters. As the plot moves towards the denouement, one can trace changes in the surrounding world: at first nature is calm, spring pleases with the awakening of life from winter sleep, but the closer the story comes to the end, the stronger the concern of the woodland environment becomes. At the end of the story, a storm arises, coinciding with the heroine’s mental suffering. Thus, the writer seeks to emphasize and make more obvious the feelings of a girl forced to leave her loved one.

Nature and man are closely connected with each other by an invisible thread. Being in harmony with the world around us, a person is in harmony with himself. Every day nature gives joy to life and enchants with its beauty. Sometimes, just as in the works of writers, it becomes the background of our mood. The main thing to remember is that nature does not have bad weather, and will learn to please the lonely with both the warm ray of the sun and the drizzling gray rain.

Option 2

When considering the question of the influence of nature on man, we mean two types of connection between them: physical contact and spiritual dependence. The results of these relationships find a place in literature, in painting, and in our everyday life.

Everything that happens to man on earth since his appearance is in one way or another connected with the laws of nature. Nature provides people with everything they need - comfort, food, making them happy.

People do not hesitate to take advantage of the gifts of generous nature. However, if their demands are too great, this begins to negatively affect her condition. In this case, nature, unable to resist the aggressive actions of man, ceases to act beneficially and in full force on him.

Polluted ecology is the main obstacle that over time destroys human health, changing the quality of his life. This directly depends on human capabilities. Sometimes nature seems to be trying to remind people that fresh air And healing water are not eternal; the life of all living things on the planet depends on their condition.

The spiritual connection between man and nature is confirmed by any form of art. Every writer of Russian literature who came under its influence, thanks to landscape sketches, solves pressing issues of his time, shares his own experiences, gives magical descriptions, impressions of what he saw in the form of prose or poetry. The artist’s depiction of a piece of nature on canvas is priceless. Admiring her brings a feeling of happiness and peace to the soul. Photography classes are also fascinating.

A subtle observer, a true connoisseur of the true beauty of the world around him, receives energy, a charge of vigor, great mood not only from the crimson sunset, but also from a barely noticeable leaf swaying in the wind.

Nature heals the human soul bright colors, beauty snowy forest and flowering meadows. It awakens reasonable thoughts, feelings, and gives only positive emotions.

In A.I. Kuprin's story "Olesya" almost wild nature, among whom the main character grew up, made her a kind, independent girl who does not know envy and evil. She also accompanied the heroes throughout the entire work, suggesting the course of further events.

Thus, the influence of nature on humans can be considered both from the spiritual impact on people and from the analysis of environmental problems. Therefore, it can be affected destructive force of a person and its reflection on the quality of his life. But in any case, man and nature are interconnected.

Essay on the topic The influence of nature on humans

Nature and man are especially connected. Without the gifts of nature, man would not be able to exist. She gave people a lot: pure, Fresh air, food, water, without which a person would not live a day.

But unfortunately, people sometimes neglect the gifts and cause irreplaceable damage to Mother Nature. And she, in turn, responds in kind. Constant storms, hurricanes, tornadoes and disasters. One has only to look, in our world, every corner of the earth is sure to suffer.

Every time nature tries to show that she is the mistress here, and not a person.

Nature has endowed each country with its own attractions. Some by beautiful fields, some by rivers, some by seas and oceans. On one continent there is an incredibly beautiful desert, and on the other there are glaciers. Therefore, every year there are more and more tourists, they try to travel around the whole country to look at the gifts of nature.

Nature is our biggest first aid kit. Most medicines look for their origins in the natural structure. All plants have their own effect on the human body and are the basis for medicines.

People have always asked for food from the seas and rivers. More than a billion people depend on fishing. This gives them not only a very important protein, but also a job.

Our nature regulates the climate globe. This is why we see such a variety of forests and mountains, tundras, deserts, rivers, seas. They are connected by a chain to each other and maintain the balance of the earth.

The influence of nature on humans is also great in economic matters. After all, every country is rich in what nature has endowed it with. People have learned to make the most of it. Minerals are sold, processed, and are an indispensable part of the economy of countries.

How can you imagine art without nature? We were rewarded with excellent landscapes, and beautiful flowers, gardens, forests have always served as inspiration for writing poetry, fairy tales and other works of art.

Our ancestors invested all their spirituality into nature. They had gods of fire, sun, wind, water. People worshiped nature, and she thanked them generously.

In today's society, people have squeezed everything out of nature. The climate is changing, thanks to the constant emissions of production waste from factories and factories into the atmosphere, constant cataclysms that take many lives with them.

Everyone knows that man and nature are inextricably linked with each other, and we see it every day. This is the blowing of the wind, and sunsets and sunrises, and the ripening of buds on the trees. Under her influence, society took shape, personalities developed, and art was formed. But we also have to the world reciprocal influence, but most often negative. The environmental problem was, is and will always be relevant. So, many writers touched on it in their works. This selection lists the most striking and powerful arguments from world literature that address the issue of the mutual influence of nature and man. They are available for download in table format (link at the end of the article).

1. Astafiev Viktor Petrovich, “Tsar Fish”. This is one of the most famous works great Soviet writer Viktor Astafiev. main topic The story is about the unity and confrontation between man and nature. The writer points out that each of us bears responsibility for what he has done and what happens in the world around him, no matter whether good or bad. The work also touches on the problem of large-scale poaching, when a hunter, not paying attention to prohibitions, kills and thereby wipes out entire species of animals from the face of the earth. Thus, by pitting his hero Ignatyich against Mother Nature in the person of the Tsar Fish, the author shows that the personal destruction of our habitat threatens the death of our civilization.
2. Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich, “Fathers and Sons.” A disdainful attitude towards nature is also discussed in Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”. Evgeny Bazarov, an avowed nihilist, states bluntly: “Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.” He does not enjoy the environment, does not find anything mysterious and beautiful in it, any manifestation of it is trivial to him. In his opinion, “nature should be useful, this is its purpose.” He believes that you need to take what she gives - this is the unshakable right of each of us. As an example, we can recall the episode when Bazarov, being in bad mood, went into the forest and broke branches and everything else that came in his way. Neglecting the world around him, the hero fell into the trap of his own ignorance. Being a physician, he never made any great discoveries; nature did not give him the keys to her secret locks. He died from his own carelessness, becoming a victim of a disease for which he never invented a vaccine.
3. Vasiliev Boris Lvovich, “Don’t shoot white swans.” In his work, the author urges people to be more careful about nature, contrasting two brothers. A reserve forester named Buryanov, despite his responsible work, perceives the world around him as nothing other than a consumption resource. He easily and completely without a twinge of conscience cut down trees in the reserve in order to build himself a house, and his son Vova was even ready to torture the puppy he found to death. Fortunately, Vasiliev contrasts him with Yegor Polushkin, his cousin, who with all the kindness of his soul takes care of natural environment habitat, and it’s good that there are still people who care about nature and strive to preserve it.

Humanism and love for the environment

1. Ernest Hemingway, “The Old Man and the Sea.” In his philosophical story “The Old Man and the Sea,” which was based on a true event, the great American writer and journalist touched on many topics, one of which was the problem of the relationship between man and nature. The author in his work shows a fisherman who serves as an example of how to treat the environment. The sea feeds the fishermen, but also voluntarily yields only to those who understand the elements, its language and life. Santiago also understands the responsibility that the hunter bears to the halo of his habitat, and feels guilty for extorting food from the sea. He is burdened by the thought that man kills his fellow men in order to feed himself. This is how you can understand the main idea of ​​the story: each of us must understand our inextricable connection with nature, feel guilty before it, and as long as we are responsible for it, guided by reason, then the Earth tolerates our existence and is ready to share its riches.
2. Nosov Evgeniy Ivanovich, “Thirty grains”. Another work that confirms that a humane attitude towards other living beings and nature is one of the main virtues of people is the book “Thirty Grains” by Evgeny Nosov. This shows the harmony between man and animal, the little titmouse. The author clearly demonstrates that all living beings are brothers by origin, and we need to live in friendship. At first, the titmouse was afraid to make contact, but she realized that in front of her was not someone who would catch him and be locked in a cage, but someone who would protect and help.
3. Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich, “Grandfather Mazai and the Hares.” This poem is familiar to every person since childhood. It teaches us to help our smaller brothers and take care of nature. The main character, Ded Mazai, is a hunter, which means that hares should be, first of all, prey and food for him, but his love for the place where he lives turns out to be higher than the opportunity to get an easy trophy. He not only saves them, but also warns them not to come across him during the hunt. Isn't this a high feeling of love for Mother Nature?
4. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, “The Little Prince”. The main idea of ​​the work is heard in the voice of the main character: “You got up, washed, put yourself in order and immediately put your planet in order.” Man is not a king, not a king, and he cannot control nature, but he can take care of it, help it, follow its laws. If every inhabitant of our planet followed these rules, then our Earth would be completely safe. It follows from this that we need to take care of it, treat it more carefully, because all living things have a soul. We have tamed the Earth and must be responsible for it.

Environmental problem

• Rasputin Valentin “Farewell to Matera”. Valentin Rasputin showed the strong influence of man on nature in his story “Farewell to Matera”. On Matera, people lived in harmony with the environment, took care of the island and preserved it, but the authorities needed to build a hydroelectric power station, and decided to flood the island. So, the whole one went under water animal world, which no one took care of, only the inhabitants of the island felt guilty for the “betrayal” native land. This is how humanity destroys entire ecosystems due to the fact that it needs electricity and other resources necessary for modern life. It treats its conditions with trepidation and reverence, but completely forgets that entire species of plants and animals die and are destroyed forever because someone needed more comfort. Today, that area has ceased to be an industrial center, factories do not work, and dying villages do not need as much energy. This means that those sacrifices were completely in vain.
• Aitmatov Chingiz, “The Scaffold”. Destroying environment, we destroy our lives, our past, present and future - this problem is raised in Chingiz Aitmatov’s novel “The Scaffold”, where the personification of nature is a family of wolves that is doomed to death. The harmony of life in the forest was disrupted by a man who came and destroyed everything in his path. People started hunting saigas, and the reason for such barbarity was that there was a difficulty with the meat delivery plan. Thus, the hunter mindlessly destroys the environment, forgetting that he himself is part of the system, and this will ultimately affect him.
• Astafiev Victor, “Lyudochka”. This work describes the consequence of the authorities’ disregard for the ecology of an entire region. People in a polluted, waste-smelling city have gone wild and are attacking each other. They have lost naturalness, harmony in the soul, now they are ruled by conventions and primitive instincts. main character becomes a victim of gang rape on the banks of a garbage river, where rotten waters flow - as rotten as the morals of the townspeople. No one helped or even sympathized with Lyuda; this indifference drove the girl to suicide. She hanged herself on a bare crooked tree, which is also dying from indifference. The poisonous, hopeless atmosphere of dirt and toxic fumes reflects on those who made it so.

There is no doubt that the Earth was and is a giving planet. Everything humans needed to survive and thrive was provided by nature: food, water, medicine, housing materials, and even natural cycles. Yet we have become so disconnected from the natural world that we easily and often forget that nature remains as giving as ever, even as it fades away.

The rise of technology and industry may have moved us partly away from the natural world, but it has not changed our dependence on it. Much of what we use and consume on a daily basis remains the product of many interactions that are put at risk by our activities. In addition to such physical goods, natural world provides less tangible but equally important gifts of beauty, art and spirituality.

Here is a selective selection of the factors that nature influences on humans:

Fresh water

There is no other substance that people need more than: without water we can only survive a few hellish days. However, many sources drinking water the world faces pollution and overuse. Soils, microorganisms and plant roots play a role in filtering and recycling pollutants, and they cost much less than building water filtration plants. According to research, the greater the biodiversity, the faster and more effective the cleanup.

Pollination

Imagine trying to pollinate every apple blossom in your orchard: this is what nature does for us. Insects, birds and even some mammals pollinate many of the world's plants, including most of the human Agriculture. About 80% of plants on the planet need pollinators.

Spreading seeds

Like pollination, many of the world's plants require other species to move their seeds from the parent plant to new locations. The seeds are spread by a variety of animals: birds, bats, rodents, elephants, tapirs, and even fish. Seed dispersal is especially important for tropical forests, where most plants depend on the movement of animals.

Pest Control

A recent study showed that the bats save billions of dollars a year in agriculture by simply doing what they always do: they eat insects, many of which are potentially harmful to the crops they grow.

Soil health

The ground under our feet has higher value, than we often admit. Healthy fertile soil provides optimal conditions for plants, participating in a number of natural cycles: from recycling nutrients before water purification. Although soil is renewable, it is also susceptible to overuse and degradation, often due to industrial agriculture, pollution and fertilizers. Natural vegetation and soil quality mitigate excessive erosion, which can have dramatic consequences for land loss.

Medicine

Nature is our greatest medicine cabinet: to date, it has provided humanity with many life-saving drugs from quinine, aspirin and morphine to numerous drugs in the fight against cancer and HIV.

Fishing

Humanity has been turning to rivers and seas for food for at least 40,000 years, but probably even longer. Today, in the face of a global fisheries collapse, more than a billion people depend on fish as their main source of protein. , and ecosystems seaweed provide nurseries for the world's fisheries, while open ocean used for migration and hunting.

Biodiversity and abundance of wildlife

The argument for preserving the world's wildlife often comes from an aesthetic point of view. Many conservationists have fought to preserve animals simply because they like a certain species. This is often explained by the fact that more widely known animals - tigers, elephants, rhinoceroses - receive much more attention than less popular (albeit endangered) wildlife such as the clouded bat.

But in addition to making the world less lonely, less boring and more beautiful place- remarkable reasons in themselves - many of the services provided by biodiversity are similar to those provided by nature as a whole. Biodiversity produces food, fiber, wood products; purifies water, controls pests and pollinates; provides recreational activities such as bird watching, gardening, diving and ecotourism.

Climate regulation

The natural world helps regulate the Earth's climate. Ecosystems such as peatlands and mangroves store significant amounts of carbon, while the ocean captures carbon through phytoplankton. Although regulation greenhouse gases is a must in the age of , new research suggests the world's ecosystems may also play a role in weather. A recent study showed that a tropical forest acted as its own "bioreactor", producing clouds and precipitation thanks to the abundance of plant materials.

Economy

Nature underpins the entire global economy. Without fertile soils, clean drinking water, healthy forests and a stable climate, world economy will face disaster. By jeopardizing our environment, we are jeopardizing our economy. According to research published in the journal Science, the global value of total ecosystem services could be between $40 and $60 trillion per year.

Health

Nature lovers have long noticed that spending time in green space, such as a park, provides mental and physical benefits. physical health. Activities in the park, not in gym, provide mental health and a greater sense of well-being. Walking for 20 minutes in a green space has been shown to help children with ADHD improve their concentration, as good as medication and sometimes even better. People who live in more natural conditions have better general state health, even when accounting for economic differences.

Art

Imagine poetry without flowers, painting without landscapes, or films without scenery. There is no doubt that the natural world has provided the art world with some of its greatest subjects. What we lose in nature, we also lose in art.

Spirituality

Economic measurements are useful; but as with most things in the world, economics is simply unable to capture true value. Science is also a useful measurement of the importance of nature, but it is unable to measure the practical and aesthetic significance for each person.

1. The problem of love for nature.

2. The influence of nature on humans.

3. The problem of comprehending beauty in nature.

4. Harmonious relationship with nature.

5. The problem of perception of the surrounding world.

ARGUMENTS:

1) You need to love nature, you need to notice its beauty. As her favorite heroine of Leo Tolstoy notes in the epic novel “War and Peace,” Natasha Rostova. Otradnoe estate. Night. Moon. young girl cannot hide his feelings of admiration and delight at the beauty of the moonlit night. The night seems magical to her, she wants to fly. Natasha feels infinitely happy and free. She is in complete harmony with the outside world.

2) In L.N. Tolstoy’s epic novel “War and Peace,” nature has a huge influence on Prince Andrei Bolkonsky. Especially in the episode where the prince’s trip to Otradnoye on business is described. Before us is a man disappointed in life, still feeling guilty after the death of his wife, who decided to live out his life quietly and calmly.

He decided that love, happiness, interesting things were all in the past. On the way to Otradnoye in the spring, he meets an old oak tree, which stood alone and ugly with bare crooked branches and sores in the middle of greenery, sun, spring. It seemed to him that the oak, like him, did not believe in happiness, but simply wanted to live out its life in peace. On the way back in early June, Bolkonsky does not immediately recognize this oak tree. The transformed handsome man, spread out in a tent of lush greenery, stood in front of him. A feeling of joy overwhelmed the hero. “No, life is not over at 31,” thought the young prince. We see how much there is in common between man and nature.

3) In Ray Bradbury's dystopian novel Fahrenheit 451, we see that city residents do not notice nature. In the evening they do not walk, but sit in front of the “television walls”, during the day they fly by in high-speed cars. Clarissa, who loves rain and the rustling of autumn leaves, seems strange to everyone. People stopped noticing nature. Their lives have become material and pragmatic, and they are easily manipulated by a bunch of people. At the end of the novel the city dies.

4) The hero of A.P. Platonov’s story “Yushka” very often goes into the field or forest. Here he feels happy and free. Here he forgets the insults inflicted on him by his fellow villagers, who consider him “unnecessary” on this land. He is sensitive to nature: he talks to the grass, picks up fallen butterflies and dragonflies from the path. Communication with nature gives him spiritual strength.

5) In the book by V.P. Astafiev “The Tsar Fish”, in the chapter of the same name, the main character Utrobin does not notice the beauty of nature. He treats it consumeristly, engaging in poaching, like his father and grandfather. The meeting with the king fish helped him realize that a person has no right to be so ruthless towards nature, of which he himself is a part.