Who lives in open water. Ocean floor

An animal that lives in water for a period of time or its entire life. Many insects, such as mosquitoes, mayflies, dragonflies and caddisflies, begin their life cycle as aquatic larvae before developing into winged adults. Aquatic animals can breathe air or obtain oxygen dissolved in water through specialized organs called gills or directly through the skin. Natural conditions and that live in them can be divided into two main categories: aquatic or.

Groups of aquatic animals

Most people only think of fish when asked about aquatic animals. However, there are other groups of animals that live in water:

• mammals, for example (whales), sirenians (dugongs, manatees) and pinnipeds (seals, eared seals and walruses). The concept "aquatic mammal" also applies to animals with, such as river otter or beavers leading semi-aquatic image life;
• shellfish (eg sea snails, oysters);
• (for example, corals);
• (eg crabs, shrimp).

The term "aquatic" can be applied to animals that live as in fresh water(freshwater animals) and in salt water (marine animals). However, the concept marine organisms most often used for animals living in sea ​​water, that is, in the oceans and seas.

Aquatic fauna (especially freshwater animals) are often of particular concern to conservationists due to their fragility. They are exposed to overfishing, poaching, pollution, etc.

Frog tadpoles

Most are characterized by an aquatic larval stage, for example, tadpoles in frogs, but adults lead a terrestrial lifestyle near bodies of water. Some fish, for example, the arapaima and the walking catfish, also breathe air to survive in oxygen-poor water.

Do you know why the hero of the famous cartoon "SpongeBob" Square Pants" (or " SpongeBob Square Pants"), depicted as a sponge? Because there are aquatic animals that are called sea animals. However sea ​​sponges They don't look like a square kitchen sponge like a cartoon character, but have a more rounded body shape.

Fish and Mammals

School of fish near a coral reef

Did you know that there is large quantity species of fish than amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles combined? Fish are aquatic animals because their entire lives are spent in water. Fish are cold-blooded and have gills that receive oxygen from the water to breathe. In addition, fish are vertebrates. Most fish species can live in either fresh or saltwater, but some fish, such as salmon, live in both environments.

Dugong is an aquatic mammal from the order of sirens.

While fish live only in water, mammals can be found on land and in water. All mammals are vertebrates; have lungs; They are warm-blooded and give birth to live young instead of laying eggs. However, aquatic mammals depend on water to survive. Some mammals, such as whales and dolphins, live only in water. Others, such as beavers, are semi-aquatic. Aquatic mammals have lungs but no gills and are unable to breathe underwater. They need to come to the surface at regular intervals to breathe air. If you've ever seen what a fountain of water looks like coming out of a whale's blowhole, it's an exhalation followed by an inhalation before the animal dives back underwater.

Molluscs, cnidarians, crustaceans

The giant tridacna is the largest representative of bivalve mollusks

Molluscs are invertebrate animals that have soft, muscular bodies without legs. For this reason, many shellfish have a hard shell to protect their vulnerable bodies from predators. Sea snails and oysters are examples of shellfish. Squids are also classified as mollusks, but they do not have shells.

Swarm of jellyfish

What do jellyfish, sea anemones and corals have in common? All of them belong to cnidarians - a group of aquatic animals that are invertebrates, have special mouth and stinging cells. The stinging cells around the mouth are used to catch food. Jellyfish can move around to catch their prey, but sea ​​anemones and the corals are attached to the rocks, and wait for food to approach them.

Red crab

Crustaceans are aquatic invertebrate animals with a hard chitinous outer shell (exoskeleton). Some examples include crabs, lobsters, shrimp and crayfish. Crustaceans have two pairs of antennae that help them receive information about their environment. Most crustaceans feed on floating debris dead plants and animals.

Conclusion

Aquatic animals live in water and depend on it for survival. There are various groups of aquatic animals, including fish, mammals, molluscs, cnidarians and crustaceans. They live either in freshwater bodies (streams, rivers, lakes and ponds) or in salt water (seas, oceans, etc.), and can be either vertebrates or invertebrates.

Anyone who has not been to the Black Sea coast at least once, has not dived into a gentle transparent wave, or basked on pebble beaches under the rays of the summer or autumn sun, has probably lost a lot! And in the warm water, of course, we repeatedly met the inhabitants of the Black Sea: dangerous and not so dangerous. About who lives in one of the most unique seas planets, read our article.

Uniqueness of the environment

Both in composition and in the nature of settlement by living beings and vegetation, it is unique and very peculiar. It is divided into two different zones in depth. To a depth of 150, sometimes 200 meters, there is an oxygen zone where the inhabitants of the Black Sea live. Everything below 200 meters is a hydrogen sulfide zone, devoid of life and occupying the volume water mass more than 85%. So living is possible only where there is oxygen (less than 15% of the territory).

Who lives here?

The inhabitants of the Black Sea are algae and animals. The first - several hundred species, the second - more than two and a half thousand. Of these, 500 are unicellular, 1900 are invertebrates, 185 are fish, 4 species are mammals.

Phytoplankton

Its inhabitants are all kinds of algae: ceracium, peridinium, exuviella and some others. At the very beginning of spring there is a peak in algae proliferation. Sometimes even the water seems to change color, turning from turquoise and blue to brown. This is due to increased division of plankton (water blooms). Rhizosolenia, Chaetoceros, and Skletonema multiply intensively. Whereas mass reproduction phytoplankton is confined to the beginning - mid-summer. Among the bottom algae, phyllophora can be noted, which makes up more than 90% total mass. Phyllophora is common in the northwest. Cystoseira, another algae, is more often found along the southern coast of the Crimean part. There are many fry that feed and live among the algae (more than 30 species of fish).

Benthic animals

Among the animals that live on the ground or in the soil of the seabed (benthos) are various invertebrates: crustaceans and crayfish, worms, rhizomes, sea anemones and mollusks. Benthos also includes gastropods, for example, the well-known rapana, and other inhabitants of the Black Sea. The list goes on: mussels, mollusks - elasmobranchs. Fish: flounder, stingray, sea ​​Dragon, ruff and others. They form a single ecosystem. And a single food chain.

Jellyfish

The permanent inhabitants of the Black Sea are jellyfish, large and small. Cornerot - large jellyfish, very common. The size of its dome sometimes reaches half a meter. Cornerot is poisonous and can cause injuries similar to nettle burns. They cause mild redness, burning, and sometimes blistering. So that this big jellyfish with a slightly purple dome does not sting, you need to move it to the side with your hand, holding the top and not touching the tentacles.

Aurelia is the smallest jellyfish in the Black Sea. It is not as poisonous as its counterpart, but still meeting with it must also be avoided.

Shellfish

Marine inhabitants of the Black Sea - mussels, oysters, scallops, brine. All these shellfish are edible and represent raw materials for gourmet dishes. For example, oysters and mussels are specially bred. Oysters are very tenacious and can survive without water for about two weeks. They can live up to 30 years. Their meat is considered a delicacy.

Mussels are less refined. Sometimes a pearl is found in a large shell, usually pinkish in color. Mussels are marine water filters. At the same time, everything that was filtered accumulates in them. Therefore, you can enjoy them only after careful processing, and it is better to avoid eating mussels that grew in the port or in other places with heavily polluted water.

Marine inhabitants of the Black Sea - scallops. This peculiar mollusk can move in water using reactive force. It quickly slams the shell doors and is carried by a stream of water over a distance of more than a meter. Scallops also have hundreds of useless eyes. But with all this, this mollusk is blind! Like these ones mysterious inhabitants seas.

Rapana is also found in the Black Sea. This mollusk is a predator, and its prey is the same mussels and oysters. But it has very tasty meat, reminiscent of sturgeon, which makes an excellent soup.

Crabs

There are eighteen species in total in the water area. They all don't reach large sizes. The largest is the red-barked one. But it is no more than 20 centimeters in diameter.

Fish

The Black Sea is home to about 180 species of all kinds of fish, including: sturgeon, beluga, anchovy, herring, sprat, horse mackerel, tuna, flounder, goby. Rarely does a swordfish swim in. There is a seahorse, a needle fish, gurnard, angler.

From commercial fish- mullet, of which there are three species, pelengas, brought from Sea of ​​Japan and became the object of fishing. Due to severe water pollution, the number of mullet in Lately decreased.

Among the original specimens is the stargazer fish, or It burrows deep into the silt, so that one antennae is exposed on the surface, which resembles appearance worm The fish uses its antennae to attract small fish and feed on them.

Pipefish and seahorses lay their eggs not in the water, but in the skin folds on the backs of males, where they remain until the fry hatch. Interestingly, the eyes of these fish can look in different directions and rotate autonomously relative to each other.

Horse mackerel is distributed throughout the coastal waters of the sea. Its length is 10-15 centimeters. Weight - up to 75 grams. Sometimes lives up to three years. It feeds on small fish and zooplankton.

Pelamida is a relative of mackerel. Reaches a length of up to 75 centimeters and lives up to 10 years. This predatory fish, feeding and spawning in the Black Sea, leaves for the winter through the Bosphorus.

Gobies are represented by 10 species. The largest one is the martin, or toad. The most numerous is the round timber.

There are 8 species of greenfinches in the sea. They feed on worms and mollusks. During the spawning period, nests are built between stones.

Kalkan flounder is also found everywhere in the Black Sea. She eats fish and crabs. Reaches a weight of 12 kilograms. Other species of flounder are also represented.

The stingray is a relative of the shark. It eats crabs, shellfish, and shrimp. It has a barbed needle on its tail, equipped with a poisonous gland. Its injection is very painful for a person, sometimes even fatal.

Speaker, or often found in the spring and in summer time when visiting these waters for spawning. It feeds on zooplankton. The weight of the perch barely reaches 100 grams. It is considered one of the main types of prey for amateur fisherman.

Sargan is a fish more than half a meter long, arrow-shaped, with an elongated beak. Spawns in May - August. Migrates and winters in the Sea of ​​Marmara.

Bluefish is a predatory and schooling fish. Weighs up to 10 kilograms and reaches a meter in length. The body of the fish is oblong on the sides. Mouth big size, with large jaws. It eats only fish. Previously considered commercial.

Sharks

Katran (or sea dog) rarely grows to two meters. A (scillium) - more than a meter. These two species of sharks found in the Black Sea do not pose any danger to humans. But for many species of fish they are fierce predators. (as well as their liver and fins) are used to prepare various dishes of Black Sea cuisine. A medicine that blocks the proliferation of cancer cells is made from the katran liver.

Katran has a streamlined body, a crescent-shaped mouth and sharp teeth, located in several rows. Its body is strewn with small but sharp thorns (hence the nickname - spiny shark). Katran is a viviparous fish. The female gives birth to up to 15 small fry at a time. The katran stays and feeds in flocks. In spring and autumn - close to the shore, in winter - at depths.

Inhabitants of the Black Sea - dolphins (toothed whales)

There are three species in total in these waters. The largest are bottlenose dolphins. Slightly smaller - white sideds. The smallest are porpoises, or Azovs.

The bottlenose dolphin is the most common inhabitant of dolphinariums. For science, this species is of great importance. It is the bottlenose dolphin that scientists around the world study for the presence of intelligence. They are born circus performers. Bottlenose dolphins enjoy performing a variety of tricks. It seems that they actually have intelligence. This is not even training, but some kind of cooperation and mutual understanding between a dolphin and a person. Bottlenose dolphins understand only affection and encouragement. They don’t perceive punishment at all, then any trainer ceases to exist for them.

The bottlenose dolphin lives up to 30 years. Her weight sometimes reaches 300 kilograms. Body length is up to two and a half meters. These dolphins are well adapted to aquatic environment. The front fins act as steering wheels and brakes at the same time. The tail fin is powerful and allows it to develop decent speeds (over 60 km/h).

Bottlenose dolphins have keen vision and hearing. They feed on fish and shellfish (they eat up to 25 kilograms per day). They can hold their breath for more than 10 minutes. They dive to a depth of 200 meters. Body temperature is 36.6 degrees, like that of a person. Dolphins breathe, periodically rising outward with air. They actually suffer from the same diseases as people. Bottlenose dolphins sleep half a meter from the surface, under water, periodically opening their eyes.

The lifestyle of dolphins is herd and family (up to ten generations together). The head of the family is the female. Males stay in a separate clan, showing interest in females mainly only during mating.

Bottlenose dolphins have enormous strength. But, as a rule, it is not applied to humans. Dolphins are very supportive of people friendly relations, as if with brothers in mind. In the entire long history of the relationship between man and dolphin, not a single attempt to offend the “big brother” has been noticed. But people often infringe on the rights of dolphins, conducting experiments on them, imprisoning them in dolphinariums.

Much has been written about the language of dolphins. We will not argue, as some scientists do, that it is richer than human speech. However, it contains a huge range of sounds and gestures, which still allows us to talk about some kind of intelligence of dolphins. And the amount of information that they can transmit and their large (larger than human) brain is strong evidence of this.

It remains to add that among the mammals in the Black Sea there are seals, but very few of them have been observed recently due to harmful human activities.

On the land

Not only sea inhabitants and the human tribe feed on seafood. Some species of birds living on land obtain their food in the water. those that forage for food in the sea are gulls and cormorants. They feed on fish. The cormorant, for example, can swim and dive perfectly while eating a large number of fish, even when full. The peculiarities of its pharynx allow it to swallow quite large prey. Thus, birds are the main inhabitants of land, obtaining food in the sea Black Sea coast Caucasus and Crimea.

Black Sea: dangerous inhabitants

Not all vacationers and tourists who come to the Black Sea coast know that those who swim in the water can face dangers. They are associated not only with storm warnings and underwater rocks, but also with some representatives of marine fauna.

The scorpion fish, or sea urchin, is one of these unpleasant surprises. Her whole head is covered with thorns, and on her back there is a thorny, dangerous fin. It is not recommended to pick up a scorpionfish, as its thorns are poisonous and bring rather unpleasant, albeit short-term painful sensations.

Stingray stingray ( catfish) also poses a danger, sometimes even fatal, to humans. On the tail of the animal there is a bone spike lubricated with poisonous mucus. This jagged thorn sometimes causes lacerations, long healing. Also, a stingray injection can cause vomiting, muscle paralysis, and an increased heart rate. Sometimes death occurs, so be careful.

Another, seemingly inconspicuous-looking fish - sea ​​dragon- is most dangerous for humans. At first glance, it can be mistaken for an ordinary bull. But on the back of this fish there is a spiny fin, which is very poisonous. A prick is tantamount to a bite poisonous snake. In some cases, death is possible.

Cornerot and Aurelia jellyfish inhabiting the Black Sea - dangerous inhabitants for a person. Their tentacles are equipped with stinging cells. A burn is possible (like from nettle and stronger), leaving marks for several hours. So it is better not to touch jellyfish - even dead ones thrown out on the pebbles by the waves.

Neither sharks nor other species of animals and fish pose a danger to people in the waters of the Black Sea. So swim safely when coming to the famous Black Sea resorts of the Crimea and the Caucasus, of course, observing reasonable caution!

Probably few people know that fields or field biome occupy about 25% of the surface of our planet. The field biome is characteristic of all continents. The endless fields seem deserted and uninhabited only in appearance. In fact, they are full of active animal life. It cannot be said that the inhabitants of the fields are distinguished by a variety of species, but each of them is unique in its own way and has its own characteristics.

Who are they - the inhabitants of the fields

The fauna of the fields includes birds, animals and insects. Migration is very characteristic of the animal world of the field biome. Many species have to travel quite long distances to obtain food.

photo: Mick Talbot

Most of the inhabitants of the fields eat grass and other plants, which is why many of them have wide teeth with an unusual flat top. The smallest inhabitants of the fields often become prey to larger individuals. Considering that the field cannot provide any natural protection from attack, small animals dig holes in the ground and look for shelter there. That is why all small inhabitants have long claws on their front paws, which are easy to use to dig the ground.

It should be noted that the inhabitants of the fields easily adapt to any conditions. Many animals easily tolerate climate change and are able to survive both hot summers and frosty winters. Besides, animal world fields has .

Dwellers of the fields

There are quite a lot of animal species in the field biome. In places where fields border with small copses, mainland meadows and shrubby vegetation, weasel, fox and even can be found. But the fields are especially populated by rodents. The most famous of them is the mole. He spends almost all his time underground. And although it is quite difficult to detect, the places where he dug his tunnels are easily recognizable. It is noteworthy that the mole separates its moves. For example, some of them are used only as hunting “paths,” while others, deeper and less branched, are used by the mole as a nesting site and lair.

photo: Tristan Martin

Very active inhabitants of the fields - gray vole, harvest mouse and a hamster. These rodents are very mobile and careful, as they are often the object of prey for more large predators. As a rule, field rodents live in packs and settle in burrows. Any of the holes necessarily has several moves. Rodents live inside burrows during the day and begin to hunt at night. Considering that rodents do not leave fields in winter time, they take care of supplies in advance, and during the summer and autumn they fill their holes with supplies. In addition, these species of rodents are very prolific. The offspring of rodents become independent at the age of 2 weeks.

photo:K Schneider

The birds inhabiting the field biome are typical representatives of the passerine order. The gray flycatcher and lark are the most popular representatives of the fields. Larks live exclusively in open areas. These birds cannot be missed thanks to their beautiful and melodious singing. Like the lark, the gray flycatcher settles in open areas. This bird is notable for the fact that during the hunt it shakes its tail and wings, and only then soars sharply into the air after its prey. The gray flycatcher's hunting object is different kinds insects

In addition, a significant proportion of the birds inhabiting the fields are representatives of the gallinaceae order. The most famous of them are gray partridge, quail and hawk. Almost all birds of the fields fly away for the winter.

Are the inhabitants of the fields fighters or useful animals?

Many species of animals inhabiting fields are considered pests. Indeed, some of them cause significant damage agriculture by eating cereal plants. However, the benefits of some of the representatives of the animal world of the fields are simply invaluable. For example, quail exterminates insect pests, and mole qualitatively changes the structure of the soil, making it loose and saturated with oxygen.

photo: Brad Wilke

Unfortunately, some species of field inhabitants are subject to poaching, so today attention is paid to Special attention conservation of these species of animals and birds.

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Many birds, mammals, reptiles, insects, etc. live on the surface of the earth. However, there are also animals that live underground. This article will tell you about creatures that live underground almost their entire lives. Underground animals - who lives underground photo TOP 10 - look!

Underground animals - who lives underground photo TOP 10

Naked mole rat

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - naked mole rat

This small rodent belongs to the mole rat family. His distinctive features– cold-blooded, lack of sensitivity to pain and various acids. Of all the rodents, the naked mole rat lives the longest - 28 years. Perhaps this baby may outwardly scare someone, but in reality this animal is not aggressive and kind.

Giant mole rat

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - giant mole rat

Of all the representatives of mole rats, the giant mole rat is the largest. This giant reaches 35 centimeters in length and weighs about one kilogram. The upper body is colored light gray or ocher-brown. This underground creature lives only underground, never emerging from its structures. Mole rats love to build multi-tiered systems of entrances and exits. Most often, they dig their feeding passages at a depth of 30-50 centimeters, usually in layers of sand. The entire length of these feeds reaches 500 meters, but there are passages even shorter. Storerooms and nesting chambers of mole rats are located at a depth of up to 3 meters. These creatures have huge teeth that can easily bite through the bayonet of a shovel, so it is better not to pick them up.

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - mole

Even small children know that the mole is an underground animal. Moles belong to mammals, to the order of insectivores. Moles live in Eurasia and North America. Moles come in both very small and large sizes. For example, some of them barely reach 5 centimeters, while others grow up to 20 centimeters. The weight of moles ranges from 9 grams to 170 grams. Moles are perfectly adapted to life underground. The body of these creatures is elongated, round, on which there is smooth and velvety fur. main feature The mole that helps him move in any direction underground is his fur coat, the fibers of which grow upward.

Tuco-tuco

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - tuco-tuco

Tiny rodents whose weight does not exceed 700 grams. The babies reach 20-25 centimeters in length, and the length of their tail can reach 8 centimeters. The morphological characteristics of these animals fully indicate that they are adapted to life underground. Tuco-tuco leads an exclusively underground lifestyle, they build many intricate passages in which their storerooms, latrines and nesting chambers are stored. Animals use sandy or loose soils to build their homes.

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - gopher

The next creature reaches 10-35 centimeters in length, and its tail is 5-15 centimeters. The weight of gophers barely reaches one kilogram. The animals spend most of their lives in their intricate passages, which they make on various soil horizons. The length of the tunnels can reach 100 meters.

spotted snake

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - spotted snake

This species belongs to the cylindrical genus. The snake is quite small in size, but very dense. The color of the snake is black with brown spots arranged in two rows. It lives only underground and feeds on earthworms.

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - simple crucian carp

This fish almost always lives in the bottom mule, but when the reservoir dries up, it burrows underground. Crucian carp can dig from 1 to 10 meters, and can live underground for several years.

Medvedka

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - mole cricket

This insect is one of the largest. The mole cricket can grow up to 5 centimeters in length. The belly of this creature is three times larger than the cephalothorax, soft to the touch, and reaches 1 centimeter in diameter. At the end of the abdomen there are thread-like paired appendages, the length of which is 1 centimeter. Like other creatures on this list, the mole cricket leads an underground lifestyle, but there are times when the insect comes to the surface, usually at night.

Chafer

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - cockchafer

Adults of the eastern type reach a length of 28 millimeters, and of the western type - 32 millimeters. Their body is black and their wings are dark brown. May beetles live underground, but in May they come to the surface and live there for about two months. After two weeks, the mating process occurs, as a result of which the female lays eggs underground at a depth of 20 centimeters. The process of laying eggs can be carried out in several stages at once, as a result of which the female lays about 70 eggs. As soon as the clutch comes to an end, the female immediately dies.

Earthworm

Underground animals - who lives underground photo - earthworm

The worms grow up to 2 meters in length, and their body consists of a huge number of ring-shaped segments. When moving, the worms rely on special bristles, which are located on each ring, with the exception of the front one. The approximate number of bristles on each segment ranges from 8 to several dozen. Earthworms can be found everywhere except Antarctica, as they do not live there. Despite the fact that they lead an underground lifestyle, worms crawl to the surface of the earth after rain, which is why they got their name.

It is known who lives at the bottom of the ocean: fish, shellfish, sea ​​worms, crustaceans and other representatives of fauna characteristic of shallow waters. But only the conditions of existence at depth are very different from the conditions of the continental shelf and upper layers ocean thickness. Therefore, the inhabitants of the depths have developed defense mechanisms, thanks to which their existence became possible.

Light radiation from the solar spectrum penetrates the ocean to different depths. Rays of red and orange light - no more than thirty meters, up to one hundred and eighty - yellow, up to three hundred and twenty - green, up to half a kilometer - blue. And although the most sensitive modern instruments recorded traces sunlight at a depth of up to one and a half kilometers, it can be stated: below five hundred meters, pitch darkness reigns in the ocean. All those who live on the ocean floor below this mark have adapted to the absence of light in different ways. Some have hypersensitive telescopic eyes, capable of capturing the few quanta of light available to devices. Or maybe their sensitivity is even higher and allows them to navigate where even human technology fails. Other animals have completely abandoned their vision and feel quite good about it. And some inhabitants of the bottom acquired the ability to emit light on their own.

A characteristic feature of the ocean floor is poverty of food. Due to the low temperature (2-4 degrees above zero), all processes proceed sluggishly there, and therefore the inhabitants ocean depths they do not differ high speed movement or increased activity in obtaining food. Almost all animals there are predators. Due to little food deep sea fish acquired the ability to swallow creatures larger than themselves.

The ocean floor is covered with a thick layer of silt. In this regard, some of the deep-sea animals (for example, sea ​​spiders) have long limbs, allowing them not to fall into the bottom sediments. Since many fish regularly migrate from bottom to top and back, it can sometimes be difficult to figure out where everyone lives. There is enormous pressure at the bottom of the ocean, little light, food, low temperature. Therefore some deep sea species periodically found in the upper layers of water, becoming prey for fishermen and surprising them with their unusual appearance. For example, a drop fish is often caught in a net and has a funny growth on its “face” that resembles a hanging nose.

Fish on the ocean floor quite often become the object of fishing, but large specimens are rare there for obvious reasons (lack of food). For example, coal fish. Although it lives at depths of up to 2700 meters, it still often appears on store shelves. IN different countries fish has different names. In our country it is coal fish, in Canada it is black cod, in the USA it is sable fish, in Australia it is oil fish
fish. Among those who live at the bottom of the ocean, this creature is simply a giant. The length of the largest specimens reaches 120 centimeters.

Life on the ocean floor has been studied very little, and it is possible that great discoveries await us. From time to time, information comes up that fishermen encountered an unknown animal in the middle of the ocean, and some even became the prey of a monster. Of course, most of these reports are rumors or ordinary sea stories, but not all. A hundred years ago, hardly any serious scientist could believe that coelacanth, a fish that appeared long before dinosaurs, is our contemporary. However, a little later, its existence was proven by African fishermen who presented scientists with a living specimen.

Source: fb.ru

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