The Sea of ​​Azov is a unique natural object. The importance of keeping it in its pure form is obvious

“Inhabitants of the Sea” - Various fish. Lobster. Polar bears. Haddock. Gaga. Examination homework. Guillemot. sea ​​turtles. Mussels. Whales. Electric ramp. There are “multi-story” plants. The most famous solvent. Lemming, arctic fox, deer, lynx –. Lichen, wormwood, cotton grass, cloudberry -. The roots penetrate deep into the soil.

“Sea of ​​Azov” - What is the name of the strait connecting the Black and Azov Seas? War 1686-1700 2. Hydrogen sulfide. Which side Krasnodar region washed by the Sea of ​​Azov? Body length up to 4-5 m, weight up to 1 ton or more (usually much less). Who leaves the coastal part of the sea 11-12 hours before the start of the storm. Where did the Black Sea oyster go?

“Seas in Russia” - Sakhalin. Sea of ​​Japan. The wind raged in the sea, turning the waves into a shaft. Caspian Sea. Severnaya Zemlya. Ox + on = wave. Sea of ​​Azov. Which sea in the north of Russia was previously called Murmansk or Russian? The confluence of large rivers that desalinate water. Where does it wash you from? Baltic Sea surf? The first syllable walks in the yoke, The second, of course, is a preposition.

"Fauna of the Urals" - Po river valleys otter and beaver meet. Disappeared wild horses, saigas, bustards, little bustards. Fauna of the Urals. But rodents (hamsters, field mice). A couple of centuries ago fauna was richer than now. Herds of deer migrated deeper into the tundra. They are home to ungulates (elk, deer, roe deer, etc.) as well as birds of various species.

“The State of the Aral Sea” - The former coastal cities were struck by an economic crisis. Progress of the study. Remote sensing of the sea area. Relevance. Definition of southern borders. Tasks. Nurzhanov. Where are the schools of silver fish? Research results. Degradation of the Aral Sea. Only Adyrpan, and the lonely wind, and the groaning yellow sands.

“Seas and lakes of Russia” - Large Lake Ladoga and Onega. There are over 2 million lakes in Russia. There are more than 2 million rivers in our country. Baltic Sea Black Sea. Chukchi Sea East Siberian Sea Laptev Sea. Seas Atlantic Ocean. And the deepest lake in the world is Lake Baikal. Seas of the Arctic Ocean.

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Slide captions:

Sea of ​​Azov. Khakhalina Polina 4th grade.

The Tatar-Mongol conquerors called Azov: Chabak-dengiz (chabach, bream sea), which as a result of the transformation: chabak - dzybakh - zabak - azak - azov - happened modern name seas. According to other sources, azak is a Turkic adjective meaning low, low-lying; according to other sources, azak (Turkic mouth of the river), which was transformed into Azau, and then into Russian Azov. But it is most reliable that the modern name of the sea comes from the city of Azov. How did the name of the Sea of ​​Azov come about?

Mammals in the Sea of ​​Azov are represented by only one species, namely the porpoise or, as it is also called, the Azovka dolphin. This is the smallest animal of the cetaceans. The Azovka leads a gregarious lifestyle, which consists of a group of two to ten individuals. Their population is very small, so it is almost impossible to find them near the coast.

predators To predatory inhabitants Sea of ​​Azov include such fish as beluga, pike perch, and sterlet. They feed on anchovy, sprat and young herring. But the main food is ordinary plankton.

The Sea of ​​Azov is an inland body of water washing the eastern shores of Crimea, the coast of Zaporozhye, Donetsk, Rostov regions and part of the western borders of the Krasnodar Territory. Through Kerch Strait it is connected to the Black Sea. The sea probably received its modern name from the city of Azov. The ancient Greeks called the Sea of ​​Azov Mayotis Estuary - "Meotian Lake", and the Romans - "Meotian Swamp" for its shallow water and low-lying marshy eastern shores. Meotian - named after the Meotian people who lived on its southern and eastern shores. In the Middle Ages, the Russians called this sea Surozh (named after Crimean city Surozh, modern Sudak).

The Sea of ​​Azov is unique natural object. The importance of keeping it in pure form obvious. Each of us understands that our sea is a source of both material and spiritual wealth. The main problems of the Sea of ​​Azov are its unsatisfactory ecological condition, caused by the activation economic activity coastal countries. In 2008, Russia and Ukraine exceeded the volumes industrial production. Accordingly, the release of pollutants into the sea through wastewater and maritime transport has increased.

The Sea of ​​Azov is the northeastern basin of the Black Sea, with which it is connected by the Kerch Strait. This is the shallowest sea in the world, its depth does not exceed 14 meters. Extreme points Sea of ​​Azov lie between 45° and 47° N latitude. and between 33° and 39° east. d. Its longest length is 343 km, its largest width is 231 km; length coastline 1472 km; surface area km². According to its morphological characteristics, it belongs to the flat seas and is a shallow body of water with low coastal slopes. The Sea of ​​Azov is the most continental sea on the planet. IN winter period Partial or complete freezing is possible. As a rule, ice formation is typical for January, but in cold years it can occur a month earlier. The ichthyofauna of the Azov Sea currently includes 103 species and subspecies of fish.

The rivers flowing into the Sea of ​​Azov are heavily polluted by waste from metallurgical and chemical enterprises, as well as municipal wastewater. The Sea of ​​Azov, which was the most productive in the world, has now practically lost its fishing significance. The main sources of pollution in the Sea of ​​Azov are industrial enterprises and ports of the city of Mariupol. The Azovstal and Azovmash metallurgical plants annually discharge over 800 million m3, more than 850 million m3 waste water. In the effluents, the maximum permissible concentration for nitrogen is 2.74 times, iron is 4 times, copper is 2.26 times, and oil products is 2.26 times. The treatment facilities of coastal ports are not working efficiently enough.

Water pollution with oil and petroleum products occurs as a result of maritime cargo transportation and port activities. The largest for recent years The city became a disaster when 10 ships were washed ashore in the Kerch Strait due to a storm. 3 thousand tons of fuel oil and about 7 thousand tons of sulfur got into the sea, which led to contamination of the bottom of the Azov Sea, death large quantity fish, dolphins and birds. The concentration of petroleum products in the Sea of ​​Azov exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 10 times. Oil spills impair oxygen exchange between water and air, pesticides poison aquatic organisms. The lack of a sufficient number of adequate port facilities to handle environmentally hazardous cargo leads to significant pollution of marine and port waters.

One of the main reasons Environmental problems sea ​​is the construction of reservoirs on the main rivers feeding the sea (Don, Kuban), the transformation of these reservoirs into giant industrial settling tanks and the uncontrolled increase in the discharge of pesticides into the sea from adjacent agricultural areas. A particular danger to the Azov Sea ecosystem is posed by agricultural runoff, which contains many toxic chemicals. Mineral fertilizers - nitrates and phosphates - also have a detrimental effect on ichthyofauna. With the runoff of small rivers, about 12% of undigested nitrogen fertilizers, 13% of phosphorus fertilizers and 6% of pesticides enter the basins of the Sea of ​​Azov.

The Sea of ​​Azov is on the brink environmental disaster. In my opinion, the main problem is that the modest amounts budgeted for conservation and reproduction activities environment seas are not fully consumed or are used for other purposes. Just as pretty significant problem is the low environmental awareness of the citizens of the CIS, which needs to be increased, and this is the task of the state to the same extent as the task of the citizens, because if you do not start saving the Sea of ​​Azov now, which is already on the verge of an environmental disaster, the sea may suffer a very sad fate.

Ecological situation in the SEA OF AZOV Prepared by a biology teacher at the Rybinsk School of the 1st and 3rd stages of the Volnovakha district of the Donetsk region Nekrasova Angela Viktorovna The Sea of ​​Azov: yesterday, today, tomorrow. General information Area 38 t.km2 Maximum depth 14 m. Average depth 8 m. Average volume of water 320 km3 Water salinity 2-11‰. In summer, the water column warms up to 26–280 C, in winter the sea freezes. First map of the Sea of ​​Azov. Large rivers flowing into the Sea of ​​Azov. The largest rivers flowing into the Sea of ​​Azov are the Kuban and Don. The Kuban River carries 12 billion cubic meters into the Sea of ​​Azov annually. meters of water. Atmospheric precipitation over the Sea of ​​Azov falls about 15.5 cubic meters. km annually. 66 cubic meters goes through the Kerch Strait into the Black Sea. km and comes to 41 cubic meters. km of water. Since the influx of fresh water prevails over its consumption, the salinity in the Sea of ​​Azov is low. A characteristic feature of the Sea of ​​Azov is the presence of large amounts of ammonia. Average annual temperature water in the Sea of ​​Azov is +12 degrees. In summer, the water temperature can reach +30 degrees. In winter, the sea is covered with ice. Flow of the Don and Kuban rivers (cubic km) in the Sea of ​​Azov for the period from 1930 to 1990. Rivers Don Norma eats. flow 28.9 1930 1940 27.1 1941 1950 27.5 1951 1960 24.2 1961 1970 24.9 1971 1980 22.8 1981 1990 21.1 Kuban 13.4 13.2 12.4 12.2 11, 2 9.0 8.0 Increase in sea salinity ECOLOGICAL DISASTER Industrial pollution Oil pollution As a result of shipwrecks, about 6.8 thousand tons of sulfur and about 1.3 thousand tons of fuel oil got into the water. The length of the spot along the coast is 12 km. Sea of ​​Azov 2007 Consequences of the Kerch disaster Consequences of the Kerch disaster Resources of the Sea of ​​Azov 1. Biological resources 2. Cheap transport routes 3. Resorts and health resorts Reasons for the high productivity of the Sea of ​​Azov 1. Shallow water of the sea 2. Good heating and illumination of the entire water column 3. Excellent mixing and saturation of waters with oxygen The main commercial species are sturgeon (beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon), pike perch, bream, carp, ram, and herring pike perch beluga sturgeon anchovies herring bream Problem of the Sea of ​​Azov - decline in sea productivity Catch Azov fish thousand tons years / Fish species Pike perch Bream Taran Herring 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1985 1990 38.9 24.9 17.2 12.5 4.5 0.9 1.5 1.1 16.3 13.5 13.4 2.7 3.4 0.9 3.0 1.2 3.0 2.6 7.5 6.0 1.6 0.9 2.1 0.2 7.7 4.7 1, 7 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.07 0.1 Sturgeon 2.1 3.2 2.3 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.0 Reasons for the decline in productivity of the Azov Sea 1. Decrease in flow the Don and Kuban rivers as a result of the construction of reservoirs 2. Biological pollution 3. Industrial pollution 4. Agricultural pollution 5. Oil pollution 6. Increase in sea salinity THUS, we can conclude that effective environmental protection measures are needed at industrial enterprises of Mariupol; beach improvement; cleaning large and small rivers (flowing into our sea); it is necessary to strengthen environmental control over shipping and port activities, reduce the volume of transportation of dangerous goods on ships, and achieve the construction and modernization of treatment facilities in ports; stopping the discharge of untreated wastewater into the sea, estuaries and rivers, separating domestic and industrial wastewater, and water exchange, sewerage of wastewater and ensuring its purification before release into the sea; fines for the discharge of untreated wastewater from industrial enterprises; in coastal regions, refusal to grow crops that require the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides; significant expansion of protected areas and water areas to preserve the genois of the eco-fund; restoration of migration routes and fish spawning grounds; tightening legislation on the management and protection of the coastal zone, constant monitoring of the condition marine environment coastal areas and the sea. Seashore Come to your senses, man! Come to your senses, tremble, man. Your life on earth is short. But what will we leave behind? And how will we glorify ourselves here? THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!