In which forests are there porcini mushrooms? In which forests does the porcini mushroom grow? When to collect porcini mushroom? Mushroom places
A special delicacy on any table is porcini mushroom- not only tasty, but also healthy. It can be used not only for food, but also as remedy. For a mushroom picker, it is important not to make a mistake in choosing - to look at the handsome one among the forest grass and be able to distinguish it from its skillfully camouflaged poisonous and inedible counterparts.
The white mushroom or boletus (Boletus edulis) belongs to the class Agaricomycetes, genus Boletus, family Boletaceae. It has many names: cow, bear, wood grouse, belevik and others. Classified as edible.
The cap is convex in shape, gradually becoming flatter, with a span of up to 30 cm. The outer part is usually smooth, but may have wrinkles and cracks in hot weather. During high humidity with a small mucous layer, shiny when dry.
The color of the porcini mushroom cap varies depending on where it grows:
- among pine trees - closer to chocolate, perhaps pink edging;
- V spruce forest– brown with a coffee, sometimes green tint;
- next to deciduous trees - light, light walnut, yellow ocher.
The pulp is dense, in newly emerged specimens it is light, turning yellow with age. When cut, the color does not change. It has a weak taste and smell when raw. A special pleasant aroma spreads during cooking or drying.
The stem of the mushroom is 8-12 cm high, up to 7 cm thick. The shape is “barrel” or “club”, elongated in aging specimens, thickened at the base. The surface shades are brown with whitish or reddish tints. The reticular layer is light, most often located closer to the cap. Rarely is it mild or absent altogether.
The tubular layer is from light in young to yellowish and greenish in older individuals; it comes off the cap flesh without difficulty.
Distribution and collection season
They grow next to many trees, but most of all they love the “community” of pine forests, birch or oak groves, and spruce forests.
The boron form in autumn friendlyly shares space with green russula in the oak forest and with the chanterelle next to the birches, appears at the same time as the greenfinch.
There is a high probability of finding such whites in pine trees that are 20-25 years old, or in a pine forest that is at least 50 years old and covered with moss and lichen.
The best temperature for mushroom growth is 15-18 degrees Celsius in the summer months, and 8-10 in September. Serious temperature changes and rain inhibit the development of mycelium. White hare grows best after minor thunderstorms and foggy, warm nights.
They like soils with the presence of sand and loam, without excess water. Peat bogs and swampy areas are excluded. They also do not like hot places, although they prefer good lighting.
You can meet the hare on all continents except Australia. It grows especially actively in Europe, northern America and even Africa. In Asia it reaches Japan and China. In Russian forests - almost everywhere, reaching the tundra and Chukotka, but is not found in the steppes. Doesn’t like to “climb mountains” too much.
Fruiting is solitary, closer to autumn days– heap.
Porcini mushrooms grow in seasons: in more temperate climatic latitudes - from mid-June to the end of September, the most mushroom time is from the fifteenth of August. Where it is warmer, it may appear by the end of May and not disappear until October.
Species diversity and description
Scientists have counted 18 forms among white hare, but the average amateur will not want to climb into such jungle. And it’s possible to meet some only on other hemispheres of the planet. Therefore, let’s take a closer look at what grows in the forests of Russia.
Spruce
The white spruce mushroom (Boletus edulis f. edulis) is large in size, up to 2 kg per specimen. The hat is chestnut-brown or “brick with a red tint”, in the form of a hemisphere, turning into a plane over time. The top is wrinkled and velvety to the touch. In young mushrooms, the edges are slightly turned inward.
The tubes are white, gradually appearing yellow-green. Leg height 6-20 cm, thickness 2-5. The mesh layer is located closer to the cap.
Distribution and collection time
Collection is possible from early June to early October in spruce-pine and mixed forests– wild and park. They love the proximity to spruce.
Oak
The white oak mushroom (Boletus quercicola) has a cap most often of a coffee-gray color, with possible light inclusions, with a diameter of 5-20 cm, fleshy and dense. With age, it gradually begins to wrinkle. As humidity increases, the surface becomes shiny and slightly slimy.
The leg is widened or club-shaped, 6-20 cm high and 2-6 cm in diameter. The inner part is more fragile than that of other species.
Where and in what season is it collected?
Oak porcini mushrooms grow from May to October next to oak trees and mixed vegetation in the middle and southern zone of the center of the country, the forests of the Caucasus, and Primorye. They spread widely, sometimes in clusters.
Birch
Birch porcini mushroom (Boletus betulicola) – the fruiting body is much larger than that of its other counterparts. The cap reaches 5-15 cm in diameter, but at times grows to 25-27 cm. The color is light - from white to light coffee, it can wrinkle slightly and crack in the heat.
The tubes are white, with the decay of the mushroom comes a creamy tint. The interior is dense and remains white. The stem is barrel-shaped, white-brown, the mesh is closer to the cap, 5-13 cm high, 1.5-4 cm wide.
Distribution and collection time
The white birch mushroom is present throughout the forests of the European part of Russia, the middle latitudes of Northern and North-East Asia, the Caucasus, and the tundra zone - among the northern birch forests. Any soil (but does not take root on peat bogs), the main thing is that birches or at least aspens grow nearby.
You can find it from early summer until October. Some beauties can survive until the first cold weather. Trim carefully 1.5-2 cm from the ground. You need to look for birch porcini mushrooms on the outskirts of the forest and along nearby roads.
Pine
The white pine mushroom (Boletus pinophilus), also called boletus, looks like a “fat mushroom.” The height of the leg is from 5 to 16 cm, with a diameter of 4-10 cm, thicker at the base. The surface is completely “enveloped” in a reddish or light brownish mesh.
The diameter of the cap is 5-25 cm. The general color is dark brown, there may be variability in reddish shades, the outline is slightly pink, in newly grown ones it is closer to light. The lower part is white-yellow, darkening with increasing age. The flesh at the break is white, under the skin it is brown with a red tint, with a weaker structure than that of the white birch mushroom.
Where and in what season is it collected?
Borovaya porcini mushroom is collected in the Siberian taiga, coniferous forests the western half of the European part of the country and in the northeast from July to the 15th of October. Prefers sandy pine forest soils, old forests with mosses and lichens. Can be found in forests mixed with pine.
It is important to collect before the tubular layer acquires a greenish tint - old specimens can lead to poisoning!
Picking mushrooms - how to do it right?
When going to the forest, you need to understand where, when and how to collect porcini mushrooms. It is preferable to start “hunting” for them in July and August. They especially scatter across the soil after brief thunderstorms and warm fogs at night. In summer, the boletus mushroom grows for 6-9 days, in autumn – 9-15.
It is advisable to come to the forest before the sun has risen, when the white mushroom is clearly visible. Move slowly, carefully examining the ground. Especially places with sand and loam, where the soil does not flood. When the summer is damp, it is worth looking at a distance from trees, on hills and in places well lit by the sun. If the season is dry, whites hide near the trees, where the grass is thicker. They love to live next to morels.
The best specimens for collecting are those with a cap diameter of approximately 4 cm. Boletus is loved by various kinds of pests, so you need to look out for them carefully, especially in the cap. Be sure to cut it into pieces and remove the wormholes. Within 10 hours, the porcini mushroom must be processed (placed for drying, salting, fried, etc.), otherwise most of the beneficial properties will be lost.
Collection rules
- cut off the porcini mushroom carefully, without damaging the mycelium;
- can be unscrewed;
- clean from possible pests (although it is better to take whole ones);
- place in a collection container with the cap down;
- if the legs are high, lay them sideways;
- leave overripe and questionable specimens on the ground;
- do not trample.
Healthy porcini mushrooms are not afraid of frost, so they can be harvested even after frost. After thawing, they do not lose their taste.
Nutritional quality
Freshly picked porcini mushroom has a calorie content of 34 kcal per 100 g of mass, dried - 286 kcal. Nutritional value – 1.7 g fat, 1 g carbohydrates, 3.5 g protein per 100 g weight. Also disaccharides and saturated fatty acids.
Praised for excellent taste in any form. The special nutritional value is that it makes the stomach work actively.
90% of the weight is water, the remaining 10 is divided into proteins, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals and fats.
It contains the most important microelements - iodine, copper, manganese and zinc. Vitamins – PP, C, B1, A. 22 amino acids. The amount of protein depends on the type, age of the mushroom (the younger the better), place of growth and method of preservation. Dried porcini mushrooms are especially good at preserving proteins.
Digestibility of mushroom proteins
Occurs more slowly than in animals, since the proteins of the fungus are enclosed in special walls that “do not penetrate” enzymes digestive tract. To improve absorption by the body, mushrooms need to be well chopped, boiled or fried.
Usage
White mushrooms without wormholes are allowed to be eaten in any form - dried, boiled, fried, salted, pickled and fresh. When dried, they do not become dark, leaving a pleasant forest aroma. The sauce goes great with meat and rice. Powder from such mushrooms can be seasoned different dishes. Italians love them very much, adding them raw to the ingredients of a salad with Parmesan cheese, seasoning with oil, spices and lemon juice.
Dried mushrooms can be stored for 1 year by placing them in paper bags. The air temperature should be fixed and moderate, and regular ventilation is required.
The benefits and harms of porcini mushroom
Porcini mushrooms are both beneficial and harmful depending on their human use.
Useful properties
- in pharmaceuticals – treatment of mastopathy, oncology, angina pectoris, tuberculosis;
- strengthen the immune system;
- improve the condition of eyes, hair and nails;
- are a preventative against anemia and atherosclerosis;
- when used externally – promotes rapid healing of wounds.
Harm
- collected near roads and industrial enterprises - absorb heavy metals and toxic substances;
- if stored improperly, porcini mushrooms can cause serious stomach upset, especially in children;
- excessive consumption dried mushroom can cause obesity;
- use porcini mushroom with caution in patients with liver and kidney problems.
Mushroom look-alikes
A serious problem is created by dangerous doubles of the porcini mushroom. To distinguish the porcini mushroom from false poisonous and inedible mushrooms, use the table below.
| White mushroom | Satanic (false white mushroom) | Gall (bitter) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| hat | from red-brown to almost white | grayish-white, coffee shades or olive | light brown shade |
| Leg | light mesh layer | yellowish-red with mesh pattern | dark mesh layer |
| Tubular layer | white or cream in young and greenish in old | reddish-orange, turns blue when pressed | white, later pink |
| Pulp | dense, odorless | dense with an unpleasant odor | soft with a pleasant mushroom smell |
| Behavior at fracture and shear | color does not change | slowly turns red, then turns blue | turns pink |
| Edibility | edible | poisonous | inedible |
It is clear that they are poisonous and not edible mushrooms They are in many ways similar to white ones, but upon closer inspection they can still be distinguished. An additional look at the external condition will help - false ones have an impeccable appearance.
Symptoms of doppelgangers poisoning, first aid
In case of poisoning in an adult, serious symptoms last up to 3 days. These are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and headache. But due to the unknown impact of poisons, psychogenic reactions are real, including hallucinations, absolute loss of self-control and memory, and even lethargic sleep or death.
As soon as symptoms arise, immediately rinse the stomach and take the poisoned person to the hospital or call ambulance. The effects of doppelgangers mushrooms, especially Satanic mushrooms, have been little studied and delaying first aid can be fatal.
Carefully compare the appearance of the one you come across to “ quiet hunt» a copy with a description of the porcini mushroom, as you remember it and using the photos given in the article. Place only those in your cart that you are completely sure of. And then the beauties brought home will delight all gourmets with the amazing aroma and taste of forest gifts.
The porcini mushroom (boletus) belongs to tubular mushrooms and belongs to the species Boletus edulis sensu lato of the Boletaceae family. Grows throughout the European part of Eurasia. In total, about 18 of its forms are known. In order not to make mistakes when collecting porcini mushrooms, you need to have some information about them. appearance And elementary rules mushroom grower behavior.
Species
Spruce porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis f. edulis Fr.) is the most common. It is characterized by an elongated leg with thickening downwards. The hat is brown with a red-chestnut tint. The surface is smooth and dry. Grows in spruce forests.
Oak porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis f. quercicola) is distinguished by a gray-brown cap, which is occasionally covered with light spots. The pulp is looser. Grows in oak groves and forests.
Birch white mushroom (Boletus betulicolus or Boletus edulis f. Betulicola) is characterized by a beige cap. Grows under birch trees.
The pine porcini mushroom (Boletus pinophilus) is characterized by a large dark cap, often of a purple hue. The color of the pulp is brown-red.
The main difference between the lemon-yellow porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis f. citrinus) is the lemon-yellow or bright yellow color of the cap. Grows in spruce-pine forests.
The smooth-stalked white mushroom (Boletus edulis f. laevipes) is distinguished by the absence of a mesh on the stalk. Grows in birch forests.
External signs
The porcini mushroom has a smooth and dry surface. The diameter of the boletus cap reaches 25 cm. When it is small, the cap is hemispherical, after maturation it becomes cushion-shaped. The color of the cap can vary from beige to brown. The pulp is white and does not change color when cut. The length of the leg is up to 17 cm, the thickness is about 2-6 cm. The leg is oval, thickens from bottom to bottom, and is covered with a white mesh pattern on top. Whites grow unusually quickly, gaining about 4 cm in length per day.
Doubles
It is important to collect carefully, since very often baskets contain inedible white doubles, which are also called “false whites.” Therefore, you should know their features.
The gall mushroom (Tylopilus felleus) or bitterling from the genus Tylopil has external resemblance with young oak boletus. It has the same convex cap of a brownish or brownish color. The leg is oval-shaped, thickened at the base and covered with a mesh pattern. The color of the finely porous tubular layer is not typical for boletus mushrooms; it is pink or off-white. But the main difference is the very bitter taste, which even repels insects. Therefore, the double always looks flawless.
Satanic mushroom(Boletus satanas) also represents the genus Boletus. It has a cushion-shaped cap and a barrel-shaped stem. The cap is grayish-white, olive or brownish. The tubular layer is orange or any shades of red. Characteristic signs: The mesh leg in the middle has a rich red color, and when cut within five minutes the flesh turns blue. Old individuals have the smell of rotting onions.
Collection time
When to collect boletus mushrooms? When going into the forest to pick mushrooms, it is important to know when to pick them and where. Since the optimal temperature for the growth of porcini mushrooms lasts a long time in July and August, this is the time to look for them. The greater the temperature and humidity changes, the less boletus fruiting bodies develop. The best climatic conditions short-term thunderstorms with foggy, warm nights are recognized. The collection begins before sunrise, since at this time of day they are much more visible. You need to walk slowly, carefully examining your surroundings. Boletus mushrooms grow in well-drained, moist sandy or loamy soils.
If the summer is wet, you need to look for boletus away from trees on dry, well-warmed hills, clearings, and edges. And if the summer is dry, it is better to look under trees, in thick grass - where moisture is well retained. In addition, it is believed that boletus mushrooms grow more often where morels grow.
The favorite delicacy of worms is fresh porcini mushrooms. Pests are especially active in hot weather. There is such a peculiarity for white ones that grow in an open place: the root is clean, but the cap turns out to be wormy. Worms make their way into the cap from below; the worm passages and the bottom of the cap are brown. Such mushrooms need to be cut in half and cleaned of wormholes.
Mature boletus is not afraid of frost. Therefore, if the collection was carried out after a severe frost, the thawed whites will have their normal look and taste.
The mushroom season in the forests near St. Petersburg is considered to be from August to November, but edible mushrooms can be found Leningrad region almost all year round.
And so - you gathered your courage, stocked up on tools, got acquainted with and even learned! Let's figure out whether you got ready for the forest on time. We look at the mushroom picker's calendar for the most popular edible mushrooms known in the forests of the Leningrad region.
| Mushroom picker calendar | ||
| Collection month | Types of mushrooms | Features of collection |
| January | Oyster mushroom | For mushroom pickers, this is the emptiest month; there is practically nothing to look for in the forest. But if the winter is warm, you can find fresh oyster mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms usually grow on trees, the cap of such a mushroom is one-sided or rounded, the plates run down to the stem, as if growing to it. It is not difficult to distinguish oyster mushrooms from inedible mushrooms - they have a cap that is completely non-leathery to the touch. |
| February | Oyster mushroom, tree mushrooms | If there is no thaw, there is practically nothing to look for in the forest |
| March | Oyster mushroom, tree mushrooms, talker | There are practically no mushrooms, but at the end of the month the first snowdrops may appear. |
| April | Oyster mushroom, tree mushrooms, govorushka, morel, stitch | Snowdrop mushrooms – morels and stitches – are quite common |
| May | Morel, stitch, oiler, oyster mushroom, raincoat | Most mushrooms can be found not under trees, but in clearings, in thick grass. |
| June | Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey fungus, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, puffball | In June, mushrooms of the highest category begin to appear. |
| July | Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, puffball, honey fungus, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, moss mushroom | There are already quite a lot of mushrooms - both in the clearings and under the trees. In addition to mushrooms, strawberries and |
| August | Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey fungus, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, moss mushroom | At this time, mushrooms can be found almost everywhere: in the grass, under trees, near stumps, in ditches and on trees, and even in city squares and on the sides of roads. In addition to mushrooms, it is already ripe, and appears in swamps. |
| September | Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey fungus, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, moss mushroom, oyster mushroom | September is the most productive month for mushrooms. But you need to be careful: autumn is coming to the forests, and in the bright foliage it is difficult to see the colorful mushroom caps. |
| October | Valuy, oyster mushroom, camelina, honey fungus, champignon, boletus, porcini mushroom, milk mushroom, moss mushroom, russula | The number of mushrooms in open areas - clearings - begins to decrease. In October, you need to look for mushrooms in closed places - near stumps and under trees. |
| November | Butterfly, greenfinch, oyster mushroom, tree mushrooms. | The weather is getting worse, there may be frosts in full swing, and there is a high probability of finding frozen mushrooms. |
| December | Oyster mushroom, tree mushrooms | There are almost no mushrooms, but if it is fantastic warm autumn, and even if you’re lucky, you can find leftovers from the autumn mushroom harvest. |
May your quiet hunt be successful, and may dinner in good company at home or at a recreation center be a good reminder of our northern nature.
In which forest to collect porcini mushrooms?
White mushroom, also known as boletus mushroom, grows in the most different forests, but finding it is not so easy. Among conifers and deciduous trees he prefers proximity to birch, oak, pine and spruce. The age of the trees should be as old as possible: more than 50 years; pine forest can be younger - 20-25 years.
Most porcini mushrooms are found in well-lit and sun-warmed meadows, but they also grow in the shade of dense crowns.
Soil
Boletus grows well in moist, but not swampy soil; it loves moss and lichen coverings. Sosnovy Bor With sandy soil – Here's the best place to pick porcini mushrooms.
Temperature and weather
The best temperature for the growth of porcini mushrooms: 15-18 °C in summer and 8-10 °Cat the beginning of autumn. Favorable conditions– moderately dry weather, without prolonged rains, and no sudden temperature changes. Porcini mushrooms love brief thunderstorms and warm, foggy nights.
Geography
The porcini mushroom grows not only in Russian forests, but also all over the world, except Australia. It is found even beyond the Arctic Circle. But the forests where to collect porcini mushrooms It’s a pleasure, they have a flat topography; the boletus disappears in the steppes and mountains.
Season: when to pick porcini mushrooms
In moderate climatic zone The boletus bears fruit from mid-June to the end of September, although sometimes it appears briefly in May. In more warm regions can grow quietly until October.
Answer the question briefly and clearly where to collect porcini mushrooms, impossible. To get your hands on one and enjoy this fragrant forest delicacy in the middle of winter, you will have to do a good “hunt.” But it's worth it!
Is it possible to collect spring mushrooms or should you wait for the autumn mushroom season? How to properly collect mushrooms in the forest? You can always pick mushrooms in the forest, the main thing is to understand mushrooms and know which mushroom appears at what time, so as not to confuse it with a poisonous one. Those who don’t know when to pick mushrooms should learn a simple rule: mushrooms can be picked from May to late autumn. And also remember which mushrooms grow in the forest at a certain period of time. The spring and summer months are a great time to go to the forest to pick mushrooms.
When to pick mushrooms in spring
The beginning of the mushroom pore begins early spring when the very first spring mushrooms appear in the forest. Mushroom pickers, hungry for a quiet hunt, are eagerly awaiting them. What mushrooms appear in the forest in spring and when to collect them?
- When to pick morel mushrooms
Morels are harvested in late April or early May. Morels grow mainly in deciduous forests because they love fertile soil. Mushrooms are category 3, so before stewing, frying or freezing, morels must be soaked in three times the volume of water for at least 20 minutes and then rinsed thoroughly under running water.
- When to pick mushrooms Raincoats
After morels comes the time for raincoats. You can find raincoats in clearings, meadows and even on roads. Raincoats appear immediately after rain. Fried young puffballs are very tasty. They must be used on the day of collection. In Italy they are considered the best mushrooms. In our country they are little known and are undeservedly classified in the fourth category.
- When to pick champignon mushrooms
From May, champignons and their mushroom season last until autumn. So the question of when to pick champignon mushrooms is rhetorical. For your information, champignons are good both fried and in soup, because they have a pronounced mushroom aroma. Champignons also contain special substances that destroy cholesterol plaques.
When to pick mushrooms in summer
The most valuable are considered summer mushrooms. When the summer is rainy, even in hot weather the variety of mushrooms turns out to be so rich that they simply cannot be listed. All types of mushrooms that can be found in the forest in summer form their fruiting bodies until autumn. Many of them grow until autumn, but mushroom pickers like to collect them in the summer.
What mushrooms to pick in June
In June, it is most likely to find boletus and boletus in the forest. In addition, June is rich in russula and summer honey mushrooms. In the shady forests at the end of June there are a lot of chanterelles and boletuses. In the clearings and forest edges you can find a lot of champignons. At this time, you can also see pigweed and bitterweed in the forest. And after wandering around you can meet the king of mushrooms - the porcini mushroom.
- When to pick boletus mushrooms
In June, you can collect boletus mushrooms in the forest, which grow mainly in birch groves. All boletus mushrooms are edible mushrooms and differ slightly in nutritional quality. Boletus mushrooms are good in every way in soup, in gravy, fried, in pies. They are also tasty in marinade. It appears in the first half of summer in June, but most boletus mushrooms are collected from the second half of August until late autumn. The boletus is the closest relative of the porcini mushroom.
- When to pick boletus mushrooms
Boletus takes second place among tubular mushrooms after white mushrooms; in terms of nutritional quality it belongs to the 2nd category; it is eaten boiled, fried, dried and pickled. It is also the fastest growing mushroom. It is one of the most common and famous edible mushrooms. This elegant mushroom cannot be confused with others; it also has no resemblance to any poisonous mushroom. Therefore, to the question of what mushrooms to pick in June, the answer is obvious - boletuses.
- When to pick boletus mushrooms
Butterflies are collected in coniferous forests. It got its name because of the oily cap that is slippery to the touch. It is used in soups, fried, salted, pickled, in sauces and side dishes; it is rarely used for drying, but is also suitable. Butterflies are relatively early mushrooms, and they can be collected in cleared pine forests from the first days of June. This period lasts no more than two weeks. Then the boletus disappears and appears again somewhere in the second half of July, and grows en masse from mid-August and the first half of September.
- When to pick mushrooms White mushroom
Beginning at the end of June, the porcini mushroom appears. The white mushroom grows in both deciduous and coniferous forests; it prefers to be friends with spruce, pine, oak and birch. It is fried and boiled fresh in soups, stewed in roasts; dried, and then prepared soups, borscht, baked pies, made mushroom caviar. Porcini mushrooms are pickled and made into various snacks. The porcini mushroom is considered the most delicious and healthy mushroom. The porcini mushroom is collected from mid-June to the end of September, the most widespread collection is in the second half of August.
What mushrooms to pick in July
In July, as a rule, do you collect mushrooms for pickling and pickling? July is the month of the milk mushroom harvest. Milk mushrooms are an excellent option for pickling, especially yellow ones. Volzhanka and whitefish appear in July, which are only slightly inferior to milk mushrooms. You can please yourself with the taste of saffron milk caps, of which you can collect a lot in July. Saffron milk caps are excellent in cooking.- When to pick mushrooms
Milk mushrooms are found in families. Real milk mushrooms grow mostly on sandy soil, in oak, birch, pine and birch forests. They are most productive in July-August. Yellow milk mushrooms are collected in spruce forests until October. Milk mushrooms are mushrooms of the first category. Only salted ones are used. Before salting, they are soaked for at least three days in cold water, which is changed at least twice.
- When to pick saffron milk mushrooms
- When to pick chanterelle mushrooms
What mushrooms to pick in August
The end of August is the richest season for mushrooms. In August, you certainly won’t have to think about when to pick mushrooms. You can do this throughout August and early September. What mushrooms are there in August? All of the above mushrooms remain relevant for collecting in August, but do not collect overgrown ones. Young mushrooms that are fresh and not bitten by insects are suitable for food. If the mushroom is wormy, safely throw it away.- When to collect autumn mushrooms
- When to pick Volnushka mushrooms
- When to pick Russula mushrooms
Safety rules when picking mushrooms
Rules for collecting mushrooms and preserving the reproduction of mycelium when collecting mushrooms:- If you want the next time you come to famous place If you see a rich harvest of mushrooms there again, follow the rules for collecting mushrooms. Now that you know when to pick mushrooms, respect the gifts of nature. When collecting mushrooms, spare the mycelium: carefully cut the mushroom with a knife at the base and under no circumstances pull it out of the ground.
- If you don’t identify a mushroom, it’s better not to cut it - treat mushrooms with caution, because a mushroom is a very insidious product. You should only collect mushrooms that you know - those that you are confident in.
- If the summer turns out to be rainy, then the mushrooms become saturated with water and become unsuitable for consumption. You should not dry such mushrooms, they still lose their taste qualities and begin to release toxins.
- Upon returning home, you should sort out the mushrooms, and immediately, without delay. After sorting the mushrooms, put them in a salted cool water for an hour, this will drive out the extra guests.
- Mushrooms must be carefully processed and subjected to reliable heat treatment!
How to pick mushrooms correctly
- Mushrooms are collected early in the morning before the sun heats them. In this case, they can be stored for a longer time.
- Do not collect old, overgrown mushrooms. They accumulate products harmful to humans and absorb from environment foreign substances.
- Collected mushrooms are immediately cleaned of soil, leaves, pine needles, grass and other debris adhering to them. It is better to put mushrooms in the basket with their caps down - this way they are better preserved.
Mushroom picker equipment
So, when should we open the mushroom season and what equipment will we need? When you go mushroom picking, you'll definitely need a good sharp knife, because it is better for them to cut mushrooms without disturbing the mycelium itself, as well as a convenient long stick (indispensable when searching for mushrooms) to lift or rake leaves, as well as a basket or basketExperienced mushroom pickers know what you need to take with you into the forest:
- mushroom basket;
- mushroom knife;
- a stick for searching for mushrooms;
- first aid kit with bandages and disinfectants;
- water and sandwiches;
- electronic GPS navigator;
- telephone with a charged battery (Rescue Service telephone 112)
Now we know when to pick mushrooms, we figured out how to pick mushrooms correctly, we learned the safety rules when picking mushrooms, we know what mushrooms to pick in the summer, we stocked up on mushroom picking equipment. We looked at the mushroom picker's calendar and are ready to go into the forest to pick mushrooms. It remains to refresh the information on how to distinguish mushrooms. It's no secret that many poisonous mushrooms disguised as edible. So, let's figure out how to distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible ones.
How to distinguish edible mushrooms
- How to collect porcini mushrooms
Danger: discoloration at the break, bitter taste. Do not confuse the white mushroom with the poisonous yellow one - its flesh turns pink when cut.
- How to collect Boletus mushroom
Danger: the mushroom does not grow under its own tree.
- How to collect boletus mushrooms
Danger: the mushroom does not grow under its own tree.
- How to collect boletus mushrooms
Danger: discoloration at the break, reddish spongy layer, bitter taste.
- How to collect Moss mushrooms
Danger: lack of velvety, reddish color of the spongy layer, bitter taste.
- How to collect chanterelle mushrooms
Danger: red-orange color, empty stem.
- How to collect saffron milk mushrooms
Danger: white, bitter, acrid milky juice.
- How to collect honey mushrooms
Danger: grows on the ground, yellow or reddish cap, without scales, black, green or brown plates, no film or ring on the stem, earthy smell.
- How to collect mushrooms
Danger: sparse blades, sharp blueness and stone hardness at the fracture, lack of birch trees nearby.
- How to collect Volnushka mushrooms
Danger: the “wrong” hat - not pink, unfurled, without hairiness.
- How to collect Russula mushrooms
Danger: red or brown-black cap, pink leg, reddened or darkened soft film on the leg, coarse and tough flesh, unpleasant and bitter taste.
Mushroom picker calendar
The mushroom picker's phenological calendar will come to the aid of beginning mushroom pickers. The mushroom picker's calendar marks the most popular mushrooms and the period when to collect these mushrooms in the forest. Of course, everything depends on the region and the weather in each season, but some useful knowledge When to pick mushrooms, the mushroom picker's calendar gives you the full answer. You will also find it useful| What mushrooms to collect |
When to pick mushrooms |
||||||
| April | May | June | July | August | September | October | |
| Morels | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| Stitches | + | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| May mushroom | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| Oyster mushroom | - | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Meadow honey fungus | - | - | + | + | + | + | - |
| boletus | - | - | + | + | + | + | - |
| Oiler grainy | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Summer honey fungus | - | - | + | + | + | + | + |
| The fox is real | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| White mushroom | - | - | + | + | + | + | + |
| Boletus | - | - | + | + | + | + | + |
| Pluteus deer | - | - | + | + | + | + | + |
| Spiky raincoat | - | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Common champignon | - | - | + | + | + | + | - |
| Field champignon | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Valuy | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Funnel talker | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| White umbrella mushroom | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Variegated umbrella mushroom | - | - | - | + | + | + | + |
| Real milk mushroom | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Poddubovik | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Ivyshen | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
| Loader white | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Loader black | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Fat pig | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Russula yellow, food, etc. |
- | + | + | + | + | + | - |
| Green moss | - | - | + | + | + | + | + |
| Yellow hedgehog | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Ringed cap | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Larch oiler | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
| Volnushka pink | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
| Black breast | - | - | - | + | + | + | + |
| Spruce green camelina | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
| Pine mushroom | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
| Gray talker | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Late oiler | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Winter mushroom | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
| Loader black and white | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
| Polish mushroom | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
| Autumn oyster mushroom | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| Gray row | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| Autumn stitch | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
| Autumn honey fungus | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
| Row purple | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| Greenfinch | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
| Hygrophor brown | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
Now you know when to pick mushrooms. Well, don't hesitate. The end of June is a great time to collect young mushrooms suitable for delicious dishes. While you can still treat yourself to delicious mushroom food, let's wait for the other two summer months Feel free to pick mushrooms for pickles and pickling! Happy quiet hunting!
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