What is vitamin B6 found in? Pyridoxine - instructions for use

19 facts about vitamin B6 or pyridoxine - what products it contains, what its functions are in the body, indications for use and compatibility with drugs

Vitamin B6 is a substance “without any special features”. The majority of the population does not associate its name with anything significant. Doctors know it as pyridoxine. However, the activity of this vitamin in the body can be compared to the work of a very good and very modest deputy: it participates in almost everything (and not in the last roles), and when it is absent, processes in different places of the body can “collapse.” This “modest” vitamin can withstand abuse for a long time, but if overdose symptoms appear, you will have to suffer for months.

The Biolit company, an enterprise with a modern research and production base, has been producing dietary supplements and cosmetic products based on extracts from plant and organo-mineral raw materials for more than 25 years.

Dietary supplement NOT A MEDICINE

• Vitamin B6 refers to three pyridine derivatives: pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine. In the body, their active forms in the form of phosphates can transform into one another, but the main one remains pyridoxal phosphate. Water-soluble vitamin B6 is easily absorbed by the body in the small intestine through normal diffusion, and excess is excreted in the urine within half a day.
• B6 is unpretentious: it remains in products for months, and a small portion of the substance is lost during cooking. At the same time, they are destructive for him sun rays And various methods sterilization and canning.
• Pyridoxine phosphate and pyridoxal phosphate are part of many enzymes; more than 140 reactions in the body directly depend on them.
• B6 is the only vitamin involved in the metabolism of all three macronutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrates). Particularly important for amino acid metabolism. It is directly or indirectly necessary for the synthesis of adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, GABA, histamine, methionine, arachidonic acid, heme, nicotinic acid and many other useful substances and compounds.
• Recommended daily norm vitamin B6 for an adult - 1.3–2 mg. It is not difficult to obtain simply by eating a large diet: most non-canned foods contain some amount of this vitamin. Individually the norm will cover approximately 200 g. beef liver, 300 g of walnuts, five bananas, 600 g of meat, 900 g of potatoes or 1.5–3 kg of white bread. On the other hand, excess fatty and fried foods make it difficult to absorb vitamin B6.
• Some lucky people don’t even need to overeat too much: up to 50–80% of the vitamin B6 requirement can be produced by intestinal microflora. But for this, it must have the appropriate composition, which, in turn, strongly depends on the same food. A lot of bread, for example, will be negated by “own production” of pyridoxine.
• The main causes of vitamin B6 deficiency in the body: insufficient or poor nutrition, excessive alcohol consumption, pregnancy, inflammatory diseases of the small intestine, chronic renal failure, long-term hemodialysis, autoimmune diseases. In breastfed children, there is a lack of vitamin in the mother for the reasons listed above. Absorption of pyridoxine is reduced in the elderly.
• The listed conditions also have a bad effect on the metabolism of other vitamins, so isolated hypovitaminosis B6 is rare - as a rule, it is accompanied by a deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12. In addition, hypovitaminosis B6 itself leads to niacin deficiency.
• The risk of hypovitaminosis B6 increases by taking the antituberculosis drugs isoniazid, pyrazinamide and cycloserine, the antihypertensive drug hydralazine, the immunosuppressant penicillamine, oral contraceptives, theophylline, as well as antiepileptic drugs - valproic acid, carbamazepine and phenytoin.
• Since vitamin B6 is involved in the production of the main inhibitory neurotransmitter (GABA) from the excitatory neurotransmitter (glutamate), antiepileptic drugs due to hypovitaminosis B6 can potentially increase the risk of seizure activity and reduce the effectiveness of anticonvulsant therapy.
• Taking vitamin B6 preparations itself reduces the activity of levodopa and, according to some data, phenobarbital.
• Symptoms of hypovitaminosis B6 are nonspecific, occur randomly and do not always suggest a deficiency of this vitamin: weakness, irritability, dizziness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, loose stools, various dermatitis and stomatitis, as well as glossitis, abdominal discomfort and venous thrombosis. In advanced cases - hypochromic microcytic anemia and generalized seizures, not different from status epilepticus. Pregnant women have toxicosis. In infants - weight loss, hypochromic anemia, excitability, convulsions.
• Neurological symptoms can help to suspect vitamin B6 deficiency - with sufficient qualifications of the doctor. In the early stages, this is bilateral numbness of the distal arms and legs, with persistent pyridoxine deficiency, progressing to “burning” paresthesia. Then weakness of the limbs develops, vibration sensitivity and proprioception are impaired (sensation of body parts relative to each other - editor's note) while pain and temperature sensitivity is preserved, gait and coordination suffer, and convulsions occur. A small and not always pleasant compensation for the listed suffering can be increased hearing.
• Vitamin B6 is available in the form of pyridoxine hydrochloride in tablets of 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg and in ampoules with injection solution of 10 and 50 mg. In addition, it is part of the majority vitamin complexes. Pyridoxine is also used to enrich various breakfast cereals and other healthy foods.
• Vitamin B6 in a daily dose of 10–50 mg is successfully used in the treatment of hypovitaminosis B6 and associated clinical conditions, for example, anemia (up to 600 mg/day), dermatitis or seizures when taking isoniazid. Vitamin B6 has been used with variable but proven success to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women (30–100 mg/day, divided into three to four doses), as well as PMS (80–500 mg/day).
• In addition, the drug can be prescribed for dozens of other diseases of the skin, mucous membranes and all internal organs. In reasonable doses, there will most likely be no harm from it.
• Vitamin B6, together with vitamin B12 and folic acid, is involved in controlling the level of homocysteine, an amino acid produced during the metabolism of methionine. Homocysteine ​​damages the internal walls of arteries, which contributes to the development of blood clots and atherosclerosis, ultimately increasing the risk and worsening the course of cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia, and fetoplacental insufficiency. In our country, some doctors like to pay increased attention to monitoring homocysteine ​​levels when planning pregnancy, in some cases limiting themselves only to prescribing folic acid, and forgetting about other participants in the reaction. The norm for vitamin B6 for pregnant and lactating women is 5 mg/day, the upper acceptable limit of the norm is 80–100 mg/day. No teratogenic effect has been described.
• Vitamin B6 is generally tolerant of abuse. It is impossible to overeat it with food. But long-term use in the form medicinal product at a dose of 1–6 g/day for 1–3 years it can cause severe progressive sensory neuropathy with ataxia (the same as with hypovitaminosis B6), painful dermatitis, photosensitivity, nausea, heart pain. After stopping use, symptoms regress over several months or even years. Isolated cases of the development of neurotoxic effects have been described when taking 300–500 mg/day.
• Vitamin B6 is used in emergency medicine for poisoning with mushrooms and rocket fuel, most often when both are taken orally, but the miasma of the mushrooms can also be inhaled when cooking. The lines contain the toxin gyromitrin, which is converted in the body to monomethylhydrazine (found in rocket fuel). The latter, like isoniazid, suppresses the production of pyridoxal phosphate. The clinical picture of acute poisoning includes gastroenteritis, hemolysis, methemoglobinemia, acute liver and kidney damage, convulsions and coma. In addition to resuscitation and detoxification measures, pyridoxine preparations are administered intravenously at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight.

Sources

1. Razumov A. S. Biochemical and clinical aspects of modern vitaminology. Tutorial// KemGMA. - 2013. - pp. 109–114.
2. Zempleni J., Rucker R. B., McCormick D. B., Suttie J. W., editors. Handbook of Vitamins. 4th ed. CRC Press; Boca Raton, FL, USA: 2007, pp. 315–360.
3. Brown M. J., Beier K. Vitamin B6 Deficiency (Pyridoxine). StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470579/
4. Vitamin B6. Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-HealthProfessional/
5. Magnúsdóttir S., Ravcheev D., de Crécy-Lagard V, Thiele I. Systematic genome assessment of B-vitamin biosynthesis suggests co-operation among gut microbes. Front Genet. 2015 Apr 20;.6:.148. doi: 10.3389/fgene. 2015.00148. eCollection 2015.
6. Pyridoxine Deficiency Clinical Presentation.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble B vitamin, poorly soluble in fats. Relatively stable at high temperatures, decomposes under the influence of light and oxygen. It is not synthesized in the body, sources of intake are food and pharmacological drugs.

What does the body need vitamin B6 for?

Benefits of taking pyridoxine

• The enzyme transaminase is secreted, which is necessary for the processing of amino acids and the regulation of protein absorption.
• Under stress, the production of biogenic amines increases.
• The bioavailability of fatty acids improves.
• The rate of biochemical reactions increases.
• Reducing the synthesis of oxalic acid reduces the risk of development and relapse of urolithiasis.
• Converts folic acid to its active form.
• Dermatological diseases are prevented.
• Thanks to the lipotropic effect, liver functioning improves.
• Reduces premenstrual pain.

For systems and organs

Nervous system

• Metabolism in the brain increases, memory improves.
• Neurotransmitters are actively synthesized - serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine and norepinephrine.
• The supply of nervous tissue with nutrient substrates improves.
• Prevents and eliminates muscle spasms and tremors.

Cardiovascular system:

• Ischemia, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction are prevented, blood is thinned and blood pressure is reduced.
• The content of potassium and sodium in the blood and intercellular fluid is normalized.
• Swelling of the face and limbs decreases with chronic diseases hearts.
• Necessary for hemoglobin synthesis, reduces cholesterol levels in the blood, and prevents thrombosis.
• Normalizes the functioning of the heart and increases its ability to relax during diastole.

Endocrine system:

• The use of glucose becomes more efficient, its level in the blood changes without sudden surges and falls.
• Maintains estrogen balance, preventing the appearance of tumors in women.
• Necessary for the synthesis of most hormones.
• Helps preserve vision in diabetes mellitus.

Vitamin B6 instructions for use

Solution for injection: administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously slowly, 1-2 times a day. At intravenous administration a single dose is diluted with 1-2 ml of water for injection or isotonic sodium chloride solution immediately before use.

Pills: taken orally with a drink a small amount liquids, regardless of food.

Pyridoxine for hair

If there is a lack of pyridoxine in the body, the hair dries out, breaks and splits. The scalp becomes oily, dandruff appears, and hair grows poorly. Vitamin B6 has gained wide popularity among cosmetologists to eliminate such problems.

Benefits for hair

• Dry hair is hydrated because vitamin B6 retains water.
• Hair growth increases.
• Due to the soothing effect, skin itching is eliminated.
• Hair stops falling out, thickens and strengthens.
• Dandruff disappears.
• The blood supply to the roots improves, the hair becomes smooth, increases in volume and begins to shine.

The most popular masks with pyridoxine from ampoules. They must be applied to unwashed hair, covering the head with polyethylene and wrapping it in a thick towel. In case of significant hair loss, masks should be applied every other day, for preventive purposes - 2 times a week.

Hair mask recipes

1. Heat 2 teaspoons of burdock oil in a water bath and mix with an ampoule of pyridoxine. Apply to damp hair and leave for 2 hours.
2. Whisk chicken egg and mix with a tablespoon of almond oil. Add 1 ampoule of pyridoxine and vitamin B12, mix and apply to dry hair overnight. Leave for an hour, rinse with warm water and go to bed. Wash your hair with shampoo no earlier than after 8 hours.
3. Melt 2 tablespoons of honey and add 1 ampoule of vitamins A, E, B6 and B12. Stir and pour into the mixture a teaspoon of sunflower oil and lemon juice. Apply for an hour, then wash your hair with shampoo.

Vitamin B6 during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the body's need for pyridoxine increases by 1.5-2 times. It is prescribed in combination with magnesium, which increases the absorption of both elements (Magne B6). Pyridoxine eliminates morning sickness and leg cramps in the last trimester of pregnancy.

Indications for use::

• Threat of miscarriage.
• Detachment of the placenta.
• Increased uterine tone.
• Skeletal muscle cramps.
• History of difficult pregnancy and complicated childbirth.
• Frequent stress.
• Tachycardia.
• Arrhythmia.
• Hypertension.

Vitamin B6 for children

Lack of pyridoxine in the diet of children can cause severe developmental pathologies. nervous system. If it is deficient, the child sleeps poorly and suffers from night cramps. For babies, it is important that the mother gets enough vitamin B6. Before giving the drug to children under one year of age, consultation with a pediatrician is necessary.

Daily requirement

Increasing the dose by 25-30% is necessary:

• While taking contraceptives and medications containing estrogen.
• In the last week of pregnancy.
• A week before the start of your period.
• While taking steroid-based medications.
• If you are overweight.
• For acne and inflammatory skin diseases.

Vitamin B6 indications for use

Pyridoxine is prescribed for:

• B6-hypovitaminosis.
• Anemia.
• Toxicosis during pregnancy.
• Decreased leukocyte levels.
• Meniere's disease.
• Motion sickness and seasickness.
• Inflammations in gallbladder and liver.
• Parkinsonism, neuritis, radiculitis and neuralgia.
• Neurodermatitis, psoriasis and diathesis.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Edema of cardiogenic origin.
• Deterioration of cardiac contractility.
• Increased blood pressure and risk of myocardial infarction.
• Depression and increased nervous tension.
• Urolithiasis.
• Obesity.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Decreased immunity.
• Deterioration of vision due to diabetes.
• Increased hematocrit.
• Hypercholesterolemia.

Assimilation

When administered intramuscularly, the bioavailability of pyridoxine is 100%. In food it is contained in the form of compounds that break down in the small intestine. With the blood, vitamin B6 enters the liver, where it undergoes dephosphorylation and then phosphorylation. The maximum concentration is observed in the liver, kidneys and myocardium.

What foods contain vitamin B6?

Where is vitamin B6 found in animal products:

• Tuna, mackerel and sardine fillets.
• Chicken and beef liver.
• Chicken fillet.
• Eggs.
• Shrimp and oysters.
• Beef and lamb.
• Fermented milk products.

Plant products:

• Hazelnuts, pine nuts and walnuts.
• Beans.
• Potato.
• Sea buckthorn and pomegranate.
• Horseradish and garlic.
• Bell pepper.
• Green peas, soy and lentils.
• Bananas.
• Millet.
• Yeast.

Vitamin B6 deficiency

Pyridoxine deficiency is characterized by:

• Excessive irritability, lethargy and mental dysfunction.
• Insomnia and a feeling of causeless anxiety.
• Decreased appetite and developmental delays in children.
• Convulsive syndrome.
• Flatulence.
• Formation of uroliths in the kidneys and bladder.
• Abnormal electroencephalogram readings.
• Peripheral neuritis, polyneuritis of the arms and legs.
• The development of anemia with a sufficient amount of iron in the body.
• Inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes.
• Stomatitis, rhinitis and conjunctivitis.
• Glossitis and ulceration of the oral cavity.
• Severe bleeding gums.
• Convulsive conditions in children under 7 years of age.
• Increased blood viscosity and its tendency to form clots, clogging blood vessels and causing thrombosis.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• The inability of the immune system to synthesize antibodies.

Overdose

Vitamin B6 is quickly metabolized and excreted in the urine. Exceeding dosages by 50 times over several years does not lead to deterioration in health.
Increasing the dose hundreds of times can lead to:

• Peripheral blood flow disorders.
• Tachycardia and pain radiating to the left arm.
• Migraines, drowsiness and dizziness.
• Excitement and lack of coordination.
• Paresthesia of the arms and legs.
• A feeling of pressure on the limbs (stocking and glove syndrome).
• Difficulty breathing.
• Anaphylaxis, urticaria, itchy rash, redness of the skin, dermatitis, Quincke's edema and photosensitivity.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Deterioration of the immune system's resistance to infections.
• Heartburn and increased production of gastric juice.
• Reducing folic acid content.
• Partial baldness.
• Disturbances in the blood coagulation system.
• Fainting and convulsive syndrome when large doses are administered intravenously.
• Inhibition of milk production in nursing mothers.

Long-term overdose causes a decrease in the amount of protein in skeletal muscles, liver, kidneys and heart.

Drugs and release forms

Vitamin B6 in ampoules – price 11 UAH/35 RUR for 10 ampoules of 1 ml.

Compound: pyridoxine hydrochloride – 0.05 g, water for injection – up to 1 ml.

Vitamin B6 tablets – price 9 UAH/28 RUR for 10 tablets.

Compound:

• Active ingredient– priridoxine hydrochloride 0.05 g.
• Additional components: microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, magnesium stearate.

Compatibility

The following drug interactions have been described:

• When taken simultaneously with diuretics, pyridoxine enhances their effect.
• Combined use with hormonal contraceptives, cycloserine, penicillamine, isoniazid, hydralazine sulfate, ethionamide and immunosuppressants reduces the effectiveness of vitamin B6.
• Pyridoxine partially blocks the effect of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and weakens the pharmacological effect of phenytoin.
• When taken in combination with corticosteroid hormones, the content of pyridoxine in the body decreases.
• Simultaneous use with glutamic acid and asparkam increases the brain's resistance to hypoxia.
• The parallel use of vitamin B6 and cardiac glycosides stimulates the production of contractile proteins in the heart muscle.
• Pyridoxine prevents complications from taking tricyclic antidepressants caused by their anticholinergic effects (decreased salivation, anuria).
• Simultaneous administration with chloramphenicol derivatives reduces the risk of ophthalmic pathologies.
• Vitamin B6 is compatible with vitamin B12, but mixing them in the same container is not recommended.
• It is not advisable to mix pyridoxine with alkali solutions, iron derivatives and solutions of strong oxidizing agents.
• Do not mix vitamin B6 in the same container with solutions of adrenergic agonists, ampicillin sodium salt, amphotericin B, ascorbic acid, phytomenaion, dipyridamole, sodium oxyferiscorbone, phenothiazine derivatives (chlorpromazine), furosemide, ethamsylate and euphilin.

Video about vitamin

Kalorizator 2020 - Vitamins, instructions for medications, proper nutrition. All information is for informational purposes only. Be sure to consult a doctor during treatment.

One of the most famous water-soluble vitamins is pyridoxine, known as vitamin B6. It is vital for the normal functioning of the human body. In this article we will tell you about which foods contain vitamin B6, why the body needs pyridoxine, as well as the daily intake of this substance.

Properties of vitamin B6

This vitamin tends to be quickly eliminated from the body, so it is necessary to constantly replenish the supply of this substance.

The role of vitamin B6

Pyridoxine is one of the main components of folic acid. IN pure form this vitamin is capable of:

1. Improve metabolism and fat metabolism in the body;
2. Slow down the aging process;
3. Normalize liver function;
4. Improve the functioning of the brain and nervous system;
5. Prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis;
6. Give a boost of energy and improve your mood.

Daily value of vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 does not accumulate in the human body. In order to avoid health problems, an adult needs to consume at least 1.6 milligrams of this substance daily. However, during periods of pregnancy and lactation, when taking antidepressants, as well as people with bad habits it is necessary to increase the norm of vitamin B6. For example, by the end of the second trimester of pregnancy, a woman’s need for pyridoxine increases by more than 100 times.

Vitamin B6 deficiency in the body

A lack of this substance in the body can lead to serious consequences. The most common is anemia, accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, nausea, and fainting. In addition, pyridoxine deficiency leads to the following diseases:

1. Nervous breakdowns and psychoses;
2. Skin diseases, such as seborrheic dermatitis;
3. Diseases of the hands and feet, such as polyneuritis;
4. Conjunctivitis;
5. Stomatitis.

Excess vitamin B6 in the body

Doctors rarely diagnose an overdose of pyridoxine. The fact is that our body is able to independently remove this substance (through urine). However, regular oversaturation with vitamin B6 (with daily use more than 10 grams of the substance) can lead to nervous disorders, excessive excitability, anxiety, and insomnia. That is why experts recommend not exceeding the daily intake of pyridoxine.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): an important element for maintaining the health of the body

Preparations high in vitamin B6

Many foods are rich in vitamin B6. However, its greatest concentration is found in animal products. Please note that during heat treatment of food and long-term storage, most of the pyridoxine is lost. That is why, in case of vitamin B6 deficiency, doctors recommend the use of dietary supplements and vitamin complexes.

Dietary supplements and vitamin complexes

Modern experts consider the following drugs to be the most popular dietary supplements with a high content of vitamin B6:

1. Supradin;
2. Magne B6 forte, Magnelis B6;
3. Pyridoxine hydrochloride;
4. Centrum;
5. Neuromultivitis.

Please note that before taking vitamin complexes, you should consult a specialist. He will help you choose the right dietary supplements that are right for you. This can only be done based on a blood test.

Animal products

As mentioned above, it is products of animal origin that contain the highest concentration of vitamin B6. If there is a deficiency of this substance, nutritionists advise paying attention to:

1. Fish: tuna (containing 0.8 mg per 100 grams of product), mackerel (containing 0.8 mg per 100 grams of product), sardines (containing 0.7 mg per 100 grams of product);
2. Meat: liver (containing 0.7 mg per 100 grams of product), kidneys (containing 0.5 mg per 100 grams of product), rabbit (containing 0.45 mg per 100 grams of product), beef (containing 0. 35 mg per 100 grams of product);
3. Seafood: squid (containing 0.18 mg per 100 grams of product), shrimp (containing 0.12 mg per 100 grams of product).

Products of plant origin

Nutritionists believe that the highest concentration of vitamin B6 in foods plant origin falls on medicinal herbs. These include: common plantain, oat straw, and catnip. The concentration of this substance in them exceeds 0.6 mg per 100 grams of product.

In addition, large amounts of pyridoxine are found in the following vegetables and fruits:

1. Horseradish (containing 0.7 mg per 100 grams of product);
2. Garlic (containing 0.6 mg per 100 grams of product);
3. Pomegranate (containing 0.5 mg per 100 grams of product);
4. Corn (containing 0.45 mg per 100 grams of product);
5. Banana (containing 0.35 mg per 100 grams of product).

Cereals and grains

Cereals and grains are considered no less useful. Sprouted wheat seeds contain 0.75 mg per 100 grams of product, millet - 0.5 mg per 100 grams of product; in buckwheat - 0.4 mg per 100 grams of product, and in oats - 0.27 mg per 100 grams of product.

From this article you were able to find out why the human body needs vitamin B6, as well as what happens when there is an excess or deficiency. This substance is water soluble and is easily excreted naturally. That is why the likelihood of an overdose of pyridoxine is minimized. However, experts do not recommend consuming more than 10 mg of this substance per day, since oversaturation of the body with vitamin B6 can cause serious nervous disorders, anxiety and insomnia.

Greetings, my curious readers. Today we have a special guest - the “vitamin of life”. Yes, yes, you heard right. Without this element, the origin of life, its development and course is unthinkable. What is this miracle remedy? This is pyridoxine or vitamin B6.

I learned about the magical properties of this element when my son was 1 month old. And we planned to go for an examination with a neurologist.

The fact is that there was hypoxia during childbirth. The first month was pure hell for my husband and I. Antoshka often screamed and slept very poorly. I fell asleep and woke up 20 minutes later. We walked like zombies. I wanted only one thing - to sleep.

We were advised to a good neurologist, and we went to see him. He examined the baby with such care. He asked about his son - about his sleep, how he eats, and so on. It turned out that there was a tremor and the neck was skewing to the left.

And then he prescribed glycine (a common amino acid) + magnesium B6, half a tablet. We found that it is also sold in liquid form in ampoules. So we decided to give them to Antokha. After 4 days, changes in behavior began to be observed. My son started sleeping for an hour after eating and became calmer. After a week, I began to sleep through the night without waking up to eat. He wakes up on his own, looks at the toys, and can play alone. And as he floundered in the water, he flooded the entire bathtub.

And what impressed me was the effect of this miracle remedy. After cancellation, the action continued anyway. I write it myself and knock on wood so as not to jinx it. Otherwise I’ll brag to you :)

fell asleep while I was getting him ready for a walk :)

Having seen such a magical effect of the vitamin on my son, I decided to find out more about B6. It turns out that this element is simply priceless - absolutely everyone needs it.

Why does the body need vitamin B6?

Pyridoxine belongs to the B vitamin family. These compounds play important roles in a number of physical and psychological functions. They are known to help maintain healthy metabolism and nervous system function. Such elements are also important for the health of the skin and eyes, and the normal functioning of the liver.

Pyridoxine has several derivatives, including pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, and pyridoxamine. These important substances are involved in various biological functions of the body.

Vitamin b6 is involved in the following processes:

• supports the nervous system
• helps produce hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells (RBCs) throughout the body;
• balances blood sugar levels;
• helps us get energy from the food we eat;
• improves mood;
• creates antibodies that the immune system uses to protect us;
• important for hair - strengthens it and accelerates growth.

Deficiency Symptoms

B6 deficiency is extremely rare in Western countries. Most people get enough calories and vitamins from their diet every day. Some experts even believe that some people consume too high levels of pyridoxine altogether. Therefore, its excess is an even more common problem among the population than its deficiency.

The body can easily replenish this amount of element from your diet. But if you are over 50, then the b6 dosage should be increased to 2.2 mg per day. Otherwise, the body will begin to experience a shortage.

As I already said, friends, deficiency of this vitamin is not very common. However, this problem still exists. The following symptoms help to judge the lack of element B6:

• mood changes (irritability, anxiety and depression);
• lethargy;
• muscle pain;
• chronic fatigue;
• exacerbation of PMS symptoms;
• worsening symptoms of anemia;
• insomnia;
• convulsions;
• dermatitis and lemon-yellow tint of the skin;
• deterioration in performance cardiovascular system.

Most often, vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that the lack of of this element usually common among older people. They are at greater risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia as B6 levels decline.

Where is it contained?

This element is found in many foods we eat. These are nuts and seeds, some types of meat and poultry, avocados, and legumes.

Among vegetables and fruits, the leader in pyridoxine content is banana. But there is one caveat - this is only true for those countries where it is grown. In our area, potatoes take the lead. However, in order to preserve the maximum amount of b6 in it, it must be prepared correctly.

High levels of the vitamin are found in the following foods (with a daily intake of 2 mg for adults):

However, remember that heat treatment of food reduces the content of this miracle element. For example, bread baked from white flour contains only 20% vitamins. This is compared to the amount that was in wheat grains. And when you cook potatoes (if you drain the water in which you cooked the vegetables), 93% of pyridoxine is lost.

Conservation also does not allow saving b6 in full. During such processing, the product loses from 57% to 77% of the vitamin. And freezing has a detrimental effect on it.

Instructions for use

For children:

For adults:

Vitamin B6 is water soluble, which means it will be excreted from the body in urine. For this reason, there is usually little concern about overdose. But you shouldn’t overuse this element either, because it can cause an undesirable reaction in the body.

I emphasize once again that pyridoxine is water-soluble. This means that the body is not able to store this element for future needs. Therefore, you should regularly eat foods rich in B6.

Indications for the use of an additional vitamin complex:

• anemia;
• seasickness;
• toxicosis in pregnant women;
• hepatitis;
• leukopenia;
• autism;
• dermatitis, psoriasis and other skin diseases;
• diseases of the nervous system, etc.

If you are going to buy supplements containing pyridoxine from the pharmacy, be sure to purchase a high-quality product. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is sold in tablets and ampoules.

Just don't self-medicate. It can all end with you later “solving a puzzle” - what is happening to the body. And then you will definitely have to go to the doctor so that he can cure you. Agree, the price of such an experiment is too high.

Benefits of Vitamin B6

1. Supports vascular health. Pyridoxine is necessary to regulate blood levels of a substance called homocysteine. This is a type of amino acid obtained from protein foods. Its high levels are associated with the development of heart and blood vessel diseases. Without enough vitamin B6, homocysteine ​​accumulates in the body and damages blood vessels. As a result, this can cause a heart attack or stroke. Recent studies have shown that this vitamin works better with folic acid. When patients take this "duet", total homocysteine ​​concentrations are significantly reduced ( 2 ).
   
   
2. Supports brain function. The vitamin helps its proper development and functioning. Research has shown that B6 deficiency can affect memory function and contribute to the development of cognitive impairment (Alzheimer's disease and age-related dementia) ( 3 ). This element also plays an important role in the creation of serotonin and norepinephrine. These two hormones, known as “happy hormones,” help control mood, energy, and concentration. Researchers believe that certain behavioral disorders in children are caused by low levels of serotonin. Thus, taking vitamin B6 may have beneficial influence for children ( 4 ).
3. Improves mood. Some prescription antidepressants contain vitamin B6. He provides significant influence on the production of serotonin and the neurotransmitters GABA in the brain. These are very important hormones that control mood. They are also necessary to prevent depression, pain, fatigue and anxiety ( 5 ).
4. Helps treat anemia. This element is necessary for the creation of hemoglobin in the blood. It also transports red blood cells throughout the body. And this helps bring oxygen to the cells and mobilize iron. Anemia is accompanied by the following symptoms: fatigue, dizziness, pain. Research shows that consuming pyridoxine may help reduce symptoms of anemia. And in some cases, this element helps prevent this disease.
5. Protects eye health. In many cases, poor nutrition and lack of nutrients are the main causes of many eye diseases. Research has shown that taking vitamin B6 + folic acid can help prevent disease. It even helps prevent complete loss of vision.
6. Reduces symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Low levels of vitamin B6 are associated with increased symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Several studies have found that people with this condition need more B6. This is because they experience constant muscle and joint pain due to chronic inflammation.
   
   
7. Helps in the treatment of hypertension. Some studies show that taking this vitamin may help lower blood pressure in people with hypertension. This element increases blood flow and reduces its accumulation in the arteries.
8. Helps relieve PMS symptoms. Consumption large quantity Pyridoxine may help prevent painful period symptoms ( 6 ). Studies have shown that this element helps in the fight against chest pain, nausea, cramps, and fatigue. And even with acne, which is a harbinger menstrual cycle. For women who experience frequent PMS symptoms, it is recommended to regularly take B vitamins. It is especially important to do this 10 days before menstruation.
9. Helps reduce nausea during pregnancy. Studies have shown that taking this element is effective in reducing the severity of nausea and morning sickness. For 6 weeks, the patients monitored their condition (24 hours a day). They noted how they felt before treatment and with vitamin B6. After this time, a significant reduction in nausea was observed compared to the placebo group ( 7 ).
10. Helps in the treatment of asthma. Some studies have shown that this vitamin reduces the subsequent occurrence of asthma attacks and reduces their frequency.
11. Helps regulate sleep cycles. This miracle drug helps the body produce melatonin, which is an important hormone that helps us fall asleep. Melatonin is responsible for giving us the ability to regulate our internal clock. So we know when it's time to wake up and when it's time to sleep.
12. Prevents the formation of kidney stones. Some studies show that taking pyridoxine along with other minerals (including magnesium) is very beneficial. It helps prevent the formation of kidney stones or even cure them.

Interaction of vitamin B6 with other drugs

This element may interact with medications. Therefore, if you are already taking any medications, be sure to consult your doctor.

The list of drugs that interact with vitamin B6 is huge. This list includes:

• any drugs used in chemotherapy;
• cycloserine or isoniazid - used in the treatment of tuberculosis;
• hydralazine (Apresoline) - for the treatment of high blood pressure;
• penicillamine - prescribed to combat rheumatoid arthritis;
• theophylline - used to treat asthma;
• antibiotics, including tetracyclines;
• antidepressants including elavil, desipramine, imipramine and norparmine;
• some antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (they reduce the level of B6 in the blood).

I am sure that today you have expanded your knowledge about vital elements. And they made real discoveries for themselves regarding pyridoxine. Don't lose your qualifications - . And send your friends a link to the article - this information will be useful to them too. And I say goodbye to you - until we meet again.

Vitamin B6 is also called adermin or factor Y (old names that were used during the discovery and initial study of why the body needs it).

This common name chemical compounds exhibiting pyridoxine activity: pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine. Otherwise they are called “B6 vitamers”, which have great value in proper human nutrition to ensure the normal functioning of many organs and systems.

Vitamin B6 - what is its role in the body, what it is responsible for and what foods it is found in.

The history of the discovery of the substance can be divided into 3 stages:

1. 1934– discovery of a new substance during the study of yeast preparations;
2. 1938– a substance was isolated from yeast and rice bran that helped cure symmetrical dermatitis. The new chemical compound was named adermin;
3. 1939– the structure of the substance was determined, it was named pyridoxyl (pyridoxine).

Physiological role

Vitamin B6 and why the body needs it is the main question when scientific research. Once in the human body, as a result of multi-stage reactions, B6 vitamers are converted into pyridoxal phosphate - component many enzymes that catalyze the most important processes of assimilation and dissimilation.

They are as follows:

• hemoglobin synthesis;
• histamine;
• lipid and carbohydrate metabolism;
• stages of protein synthesis during which hereditary information from a gene is transformed into RNA or protein in the body.

With its participation, hormones and neurotransmitters are synthesized: adrenaline, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, aminobutyric acid.

Physiological role:

• The properties of any organism are determined by the proteins from which it is built. The unit of structure of any protein is amino acids. Our body can create some on its own, while we get many from food. The most important property of amino acids is intertransformation. That is, if the body currently does not have enough of a certain amino acid to synthesize, then it can be created from another that is available in excess. It is the process of mutual transfer of amino acids that triggers and regulates pyridoxine.
• This substance promotes better absorption of food chemical compounds by the villi of the small intestine and their transfer to cells and tissues.
• Ensuring the vital activity of body cells is carried out thanks to ATP. It is adenosine triphosphate that cells use as an energy depot. The ladder of reactions that results in the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria and plastids is called the Krebs cycle. The course of this multi-stage process, as a result of which ATP is synthesized from carbohydrates entering the body, occurs under the control of pyridoxine.
• Main property nerve cells- ability to get excited. The excitability of the central nervous system requires the opposite effect - inhibition. Exaltation and convulsions are the result of excessive excitation and lack of inhibition in the central nervous system; it occurs when there is insufficient intake of pyridoxine in the body. Excitation is extinguished by the influence of neurotransmitters: serotonin, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which are products of decarboxylation reactions. This reaction takes place with the participation of pyridoxine. For the body, it is the coordinator of the normal functioning of the spinal cord and brain.
• Thanks to pyridoxine, the body synthesizes more siderophyllin protein, which transfers iron from the intestines to the bone marrow. It is the hematopoietic organ. Iron is required to create hemoglobin, which is part of red blood cells. It provides transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the bloodstream.
• B6 increases production succinic acid and norepinephrine, which increase the metabolic rate: cells are renewed more energetically, rejuvenating organs.

Physical and chemical properties

Pyridoxine and all its derivatives have a number of similar physical characteristics.

Chemical properties are determined by the presence of an aldehyde (or amine) and alcohol group in the substance:

Why does the body need pyridoxine?

Vitamin B6 and why the body needs it have been studied for a relatively short time. But now medical statistics say that more than a hundred diseases and disorders begin with pyridoxine deficiency. And every sixth person on the planet experiences this deficiency. It is impossible to list all the problems that arise with hypovitaminosis B6.

In the human body, it is associated with the occurrence of the most important processes and prevention of serious diseases:

• synthesis of transaminase in the liver for complete protein metabolism;
• lipid metabolism, which is very important for preventing obesity and maintaining the structure of cell membranes;
• carbohydrate metabolism, which helps regulate blood sugar levels;
• beneficial effect on the organ of vision;
• prevention of blood clots;
• optimization of blood pressure;
• the diuretic effect helps remove excess fluid from the body, relieving swelling on the face and limbs;
• reducing the risk of cancer;
• with its participation, neurotransmitters and joy hormones are produced, which has a positive effect on the central nervous system and vital functions in general;
• the possibility of stone formation in the gall bladder and renal pelvis is reduced;
• prevention of damage to the cardiovascular system: ischemia, atherosclerosis, heart attack;
• maintaining and increasing immunity;
• high-quality absorption of magnesium and cobalt in vitamin B12 by tissues, as well as the synthesis of hydrochloric acid.

Separately, it should be noted the importance of pyridoxine for the female body. This vitamin maintains the balance of sex hormones, reducing the risk of tumors. It must be taken by women using hormonal contraceptives, as they significantly reduce the level of the vitamin in the blood.

During pregnancy and before menstruation, when estrogen levels rise, it is also necessary to replenish pyridoxine. Of course, the beauty of hair and skin plays an important role for women, healthy looking which directly depends on sufficient intake of vitamin B6.

Vitamin B6 for a bodybuilder

Vitamin B6 and why the bodybuilder’s body needs it is no secret: the athlete’s primary task is to form muscle mass. Muscle tissue built from protein. Since pyridoxine regulates the processes of protein synthesis, it is this vitamin that must be consumed when doing bodybuilding.

Training requires a lot of effort, so enzymes and hormones that are formed in the body with the participation of vitamin B6 increase the body's endurance and stimulate metabolic processes.

Pyridoxine in cosmetology

Pyridoxine is an essential B vitamin that supports the health of the skin and its derivatives: hair and nails. To achieve a lasting effect, the external use of vitamin preparations is combined with the consumption of vitamin-rich foods.

With a lack of pyridoxine in the body, the following occurs:

If such symptoms appear, you should think about replenishing the lack of vitamin in the body.

In cosmetology, various masks are used for the skin and its derivatives with the addition of the drug pyridoxine and its analogues. Competent and regular use of vitamin B6 helps tidy up the scalp and face, the quality of hair and nails, normalize weight and correct the figure.

For example:

In the late 1970s, American nutritionists developed a “miracle” diet that captured the minds of those suffering from excess weight. Main secret magic diet consisted of much more than the usual daily intake of vitamin B6. In conjunction with apple cider vinegar, flaxseed and soybean oil, it gave a remarkable effect of burning excess adipose tissue.

Vitamin B6 toxicity and contraindications

Pyridoxine and its analogues are not toxic substances. Even long-term use of the vitamin as a therapeutic agent did not cause a negative reaction from the body. Research has been conducted on various methods of introducing high concentrations of pyridoxine into the body of animals and humans. long time. In some cases, allergic reactions may occur .

People with stomach diseases (gastritis, ulcers) and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract should be careful when taking pyridoxine, since pyridoxine increases the percentage of acidity. The use of the vitamin is contraindicated in cases of severe liver damage and coronary artery disease.

Daily vitamin requirements for different groups of people

Floor	Age, years	Vitamin norm, mg
children	0-1	0,3-0,6
children	1-10	1,0-1,4
boys	11-14	1,7
men	16-59	2,0
men	over 60	2,2
girls	11-14	1,4
girls	15-18	1,5
women	19-59	1,6
women	Over 60	2,0
pregnancy period		2,2
breastfeeding period		2,1

Absorption and excretion from the body

The bloodstream carries pyridoxine and its derivatives to tissues from small intestine, the villi of which absorb the breakdown products of incoming food. The vitamin does not accumulate in cells, so the body needs a constant supply of it from food.

All pyridoxine that enters the body is either used for the body’s needs or excreted in the urine through the kidneys. Partial excretion of pyridoxine is observed through the skin with the secretion of the sweat glands.

Vitamin B6 absorption and methods of preservation

The vitamin, like all water-soluble compounds, is well absorbed by the body, freely penetrating through cell membranes.

The easiest way to replenish the vitamin is to eat foods rich in this substance. Unfortunately, different cooking methods ( heat treatment, conservation) have a destructive effect on chemical compounds, and a significant amount of the vitamin is lost.

Preservation “eats” up to 50-70% of pyridoxine, freezing takes away about 40% from products, and exposure to temperature destroys vitamin B6 by 80-90%.

Therefore, it is healthier to eat more raw vegetables and fruits, add bran and cereal sprouts to your diet, eat nuts, and use yeast when baking. The thermal effect can be “softened” by steaming (instead of frying) or by wrapping the baked product in foil.

Vitamin B6 deficiency in the body

Vitamin B6 and why the body needs it is described above.

Therefore, it is obvious that a lack of pyridoxine has consequences that are more serious than an overdose:

Pyridoxine deficiency in children manifests itself in the form of general weakness, muscle pain and spasms, numbness of the limbs, and in girls – premenstrual syndrome.

Excess pyridoxine and overdose symptoms

Acceptable daily intake of vitamin B6 is 50-100 mg. With prolonged overdose (increasing the dose by 50-100 times), after a few years a state of hypervitaminosis develops, which can have unpleasant consequences.

They are as follows:

• convulsions;
• dizziness;
• nausea;
• skin rash;
• numbness of lips, arms and legs;
• anemia;
• fainting;
• lack of coordination;
• inhibition of the lactation process;
• accurate and detailed memory of dreams.

Such phenomena are extremely rare, since vitamin B6 does not tend to accumulate, and its excess is quickly removed from the body in the urine.

Symptoms of overdose disappear soon, for which you need to stop taking pyridoxine medications.

Indications for use

List of indications:

Sources of vitamin B6

Adermin (vitamin B6) is one of those synthesized by bacterial microflora in the human large intestine.

• Pyridoxine is absent in plant organs, or is contained in minimum quantity. Pitaya, the edible fruit of cacti, is rich in this form of adermina. It is found in dairy products and meat. It is quickly destroyed during heat treatment, so almost no of it remains in cooked meat. Vegetarians should eat vegetables whose skins have been in contact with the ground (carrots, beets, potatoes, turnips).
• Sources of pyridoxal include cabbage of any variety, meat and green parts of some edible plants.
• Pyridoxamine can be obtained from animal and poultry muscle fibers.

Products (plants)	Content mg/100 g	Products (animals)	Content mg/100 g
sage (herb)	2,69	tuna (fish)	0,8
pistachios (fruit)	1,5	mackerel (fish)	0,8
wheat bran	1,3	salmon	0,8
sunflower (seeds)	1,34	liver (beef)	0,7
garlic	1,23	sardine	0,7
marjoram (herb)	1,2	pink salmon	0,6
beans, soybeans (seeds)	0,9	chum salmon	0,5
sea ​​buckthorn (fruit)	0,8	kidneys (beef)	0,5
walnut (fruit)	0,8	heart (beef)	0,5
sesame (seeds)	0,79	poultry meat (chicken)	0,4
hazelnut (fruit)	0,7	sturgeon caviar (black)	0,46
horseradish (root)	0,7	rabbit (meat)	0,48
rice (grain)	0,54	chicken egg (yolk)	0,46
sweet pepper (fruit)	0,5	meat (lamb)	0,3
hot pepper (fruit)	0,5	herring	0,3
millet (cereal)	0,4	cheese (Roquefort)	0,15
pomegranate (fruit)	0,4	milk (condensed)	0,13
cashew	0,42	cheese (Poshekhonsky)	0,13

Rice, millet or buckwheat porridge for breakfast is satisfying daily requirement human in pyridoxine. It is better if porridges and salads are seasoned with vegetable oil, which is rich in vitamin B6. It is recommended to include it in your diet daily fresh fruit and vegetables (lemon, strawberries, cherries, bananas, tomatoes, cabbage) and freshly prepared juices.

Vitamin B6 in ampoules

Pyridoxine in ampoules is sold in pharmacies under different names.

The drugs have identical composition and differ only in the name of the manufacturer:

In addition to being used for injections, vitamins in ampoules are used in cosmetology. Liquid pyridoxine is much more convenient to add to shampoos and creams than to crush tablets or dissolve powders. Taking this form of the vitamin orally does not bring the desired effect.

Vitamin B6 tablets

Most often, pyridoxine is prescribed in the form of tablets (capsules, dragees), which are convenient to take. They are quickly and easily absorbed by the body. Monovitamins are drugs that contain pure pyridoxine and are used to treat acute vitamin deficiency.

The following are on sale:

• Piridobene.
• Pyridoxine hydrochloride.
• Bartel Drugs Vitamin B6.
• Vitamin B6.
• Pyridoxine-N.S.

In addition, vitamin B6 is included in multivitamin complexes prescribed for prevention in the autumn-winter period, with reduced immunity.

They are like this:

All drugs are interchangeable; they are taken after meals in a dose determined by the doctor or indicated in the instructions.

Therapeutic and preventive prescriptions differ significantly in the number and timing of administration. You can only follow the instructions when using it for preventive purposes. In other cases, the course of treatment is determined by the doctor.

There are numerous mineral and vitamin preparations on sale, such as Complivit, Alphabet, Multi-Tabs, Centrum, Vitrum, which can be used independently to maintain immunity at different periods of life.

Vitamin B6 injections

Intramuscular or intravenous use of drugs containing pyridoxine is prescribed in cases where, for some reason, taking tablets is impossible or ineffective.

The cases are as follows:

1. Therapy requires a significant dose of the vitamin, which cannot be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract when taking tablets and must enter the bloodstream. For example, for diabetes, some poisonings, disorders of hematopoietic function, diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
2. The person is unable to take pills. The reason for this may be mental disorders, fainting, vomiting, connection to an artificial respiration apparatus.
3. Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, in which normal absorption of the drug does not occur. Such phenomena may be a consequence of operations peptic ulcer, defects of the epithelium of the small intestine.

You can note the pain of injections with pyridoxine. To reduce pain, injection medications include lidocaine.

Interaction with other substances

It is necessary to achieve better absorption of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) by the body in order to achieve maximum therapeutic effect, for which you need to remember about the interaction of drugs and their mutual influence on each other.

For example:

1. Vitamin B6 is better absorbed together with vitamins B2 and B5.
2. B1 and B12 neutralize the effects of B6.
3. Medicines against Parkinson's disease are antagonists to pyridoxine.
4. Penicillamine and cycloserine reduce its effectiveness.
5. Pyridoxine increases the effectiveness of diuretics.
6. In combination with magnesium, it provides maintenance therapy for diabetes.
7. Taking before drinking alcohol reduces the degree of intoxication.

Article format: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about vitamin B6

Benefits, features and signs of deficiency: