Row yellow. Edible and inedible types of row mushrooms: photos and names

Among the many species of mushrooms on the planet, a particularly inconspicuous row can be distinguished. It grows in temperate forests and bears fruit in the fall. Not all mushroom lovers know about it, although there are edible and inedible rows, so it is important to know how they are noticeable and differ from other species.

General information

The name “row” comes from the method of growth - in rows. The genus is represented by lamellar mushrooms with colored hats, which at first look like a hemisphere, and then become flat, the edges are wrapped inward or bent outward. The hats are scaled or fibrous, the plates are jagged, the stem is dense, usually there is no cover, but there are cases of a cover made of a film similar to a ring. The spore sac is white, maybe beige. Mushrooms smell like flour or have a bad smell. Due to the inconsistency of its characteristics, the common row is easily confused with other mushrooms.

The mycelium of most species is intertwined with plant roots. Most often these are pine, larch, spruce and fir, less often - oak, birch, beech. Mushrooms grow on unenriched sandy or calcareous soils of coniferous and mixed forests. They begin to grow in the summer and bear fruit until the temperature reaches sub-zero temperatures. But there are also species that are collected in the spring.

The rows grow one at a time, in small groups, forming in long rows or rings - .

Edible types of mushroom

There are up to 2.5 thousand types of rowing, but you can only eat three, two more types - conditionally. Edible rows are represented by the following types:

gray row;
crowded;
poplar;
green;
May (May mushroom).

Greenfinch, or lemon row

The mushroom got its name because of its green color. Refers to edible mushrooms, although several have been recorded deaths after using it. The cap is 4-15 cm in diameter, initially round and then becomes flat. The surface of the skin is smooth, covered with mucus, and brown in the center.

The leg is also yellow-green, 4-9 cm in length, widened at the bottom and covered with scales. The plates are thin, thick, lemon or yellow-green in color. The flesh is white and then turns yellow. There is also a smell and taste of flour.

The row of this type extends to coniferous forests. They bear fruit one at a time or in 6-9 pieces from autumn until the first frost.

Inedible and poisonous representatives

Conditionally edible mushrooms:

The remaining species of these mushrooms are inedible and even poisonous (primarily the tiger row). They differ in appearance and sometimes have a strong smell, but they are often confused with toadstools, so it is better for novice mushroom pickers not to collect them, but to ask experienced ones to show row mushrooms that are suitable for consumption.

The plates are up to 1 cm wide, thin, thick, purple in color. The pulp is fleshy, purple, then turns yellow, with delicate taste and anise aroma. Purple rows grow on the ground and humus of coniferous and mixed forests; there are both solitary specimens and ring-shaped colonies. They bear fruit from August to December.

This mushroom has a bitter taste and sour smell, so it is not eaten. The cap is spherical, then becomes prostrate from 5 to 15 cm in diameter. The skin is velvety, yellow-orange in color with brown-red scales.

Kira Stoletova

IN temperate climate Row mushrooms grow productively. They are found in all regions of Russia. When collecting, you need to know the exact description of the edible and inedible varieties.

Appearance and habitat

The mushroom row or talker forms fruiting bodies with a clearly defined division into a cap and a stalk. In representatives of the genus, the cap is flat (this is typical for mature mushrooms, but in young ones it is hemispherical), with a lamellar hymenform, different in different types coloring. The leg is long, cylindrical in shape.

Rowers are ground-based species of mushrooms. More often, the mycelium chooses soil near coniferous trees. Individuals grow in small groups. They can form ring colonies - “witch circles”. There are many places where row trees grow: they are forest, meadow, grow in groves and even parks.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
It is important not to forget that most types of rows are mycorrhiza-formers, which as symbionts prefer representatives of coniferous tree species, most often choosing pine and less often larch, spruce and fir. Only rare species genus form mycorrhiza with deciduous trees(beech, oak, birch). The habitat chosen is poor sandy or calcareous soils of coniferous and mixed forests.
The genus received its name because of the “predilection” of representatives to grow in rows or groups. In some regions of the Russian Federation they are even called “mice”.

Geographically, the types of rows cover the whole of Russia. The species also grows in Crimea. Crimean mushrooms are actively collected from early spring to mid-winter thanks to warm climate. The main time for fruiting of the genus is autumn, because it is the autumn fruiting bodies that reach their peak of fleshiness and quantity. Some species appear in the spring, while others bear fruit until the cold weather. The row mushroom combines many species, the description of which will be useful to every mushroom picker so as not to send false mushrooms to the basket and then to the plate.

Species diversity

Among the varieties of the variety there are edible, conditionally edible and poisonous fruits.

Edible species

Earth row (earthen): in youth it has a bell-shaped cap, in adults it is spread out - up to 10 cm in diameter. The color of the cap is dark gray, the surface structure from a distance resembles a smoothed pile, the stem is white or light gray. On its surface, some representatives can see a “ring zone” - the remains of a private blanket. The pulp is whitish, dense with a pleasant floral aroma.
The row is open-shaped, or bandaged: has a ring on the stem that divides not just the stem into parts, but its color: above the ring (almost under the cap) the color is white, but under the ring it is reddish-brown, matching the cap.

Description of the species:

The cap is up to 10 cm in diameter.
The color of the cap is brown, sometimes there are remnants of a film cover on it. The edges are uneven.
The pulp has a slight odor, fibrous, and bitter.
The plates are frequent, white-cream.

Giant row: in representatives of this species the cap grows from 8 to 20 cm in diameter. It was also given the name gigantic row. The leg is up to 10 cm, the thickness is about 4 cm. The color of the cap is brown, the leg is white with brown spots. The pulp is dense, white. The species is classified as rare and is listed in the Red Book.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The giant row is considered a mushroom with fairly good taste. In cooking, it is used both pickled and salted, but before cooking it must be boiled for 20 minutes to remove the bitterness. The pulp of the mushroom contains the antibiotic clitocin, which has the ability to destroy pathogenic bacteria, as well as cancer cells.
On the territory of Russia, giant row is found in some regions ( Krasnoyarsk region, Kirov and Leningrad regions), where it forms mycorrhiza with coniferous trees. The species prefers pine forests, but it can also be found in the mixed forests of Crimea.

Golden row, or brown-yellow: has yellow or yellow-brownish, so-called. hygrophanic caps. FYI. The hygrophanous nature of the caps is their ability to retain water. There is a small depression in the middle. The color is uniform, but there are rust spots. The pulp is dense with a characteristic anise smell and a bitter aftertaste. Most sources consider it poisonous, and a few - conditionally edible. But fruiting bodies are always processed by soaking and cooking.
Scaly row, or brownish, or sweetie or black-scaled: The color of the cap is reddish-brown or red-brown with scales. The leg is lighter, but with a uniform surface color. The shape of the leg is cylindrical, dense in young individuals, and with voids in adults. The scaly row has white-cream or brownish plates. The smell of the pulp is mealy. This species is classified as edible.
Shod row: delicious look. Known as matsutake, pine mushroom, pine horns. Grows on Far East, especially appreciated in Japan and China. In Russia they are found in the Urals, in eastern Siberia, Amur and Khabarovsk regions. The search for fruiting bodies is made difficult by the foliage under which they hide. This mushroom has a cheesy, bitter taste and a pleasant anise smell. The peculiarity of the species is the leg planted deep into the soil. When collecting shod rows, the fruiting bodies are dug out by hand to avoid damage. Description of the species:

Hat: up to 20 cm in diameter. The color is white-brown, the edge is uneven. The cap is thick, elastic, and has scales in the light areas. Hymenophore lamellar.
Leg: long, cylindrical. It tapers downward and is almost entirely in the soil. At the bottom there is a characteristic “stocking” with a “skirt”. He white with brown streaks, the “skirt” is also brown. Above the “skirt” the leg is white with small scales.
Pulp: white in color with a pleasant fruity aroma.

Matsutake is a whimsical species. It requires special soil and temperature regime. Does not grow in one place for more than 10 years. The fruiting period is September-early October.

Two-color row, or lilac-legged: edible species of the genus. Resistant to low temperatures, therefore late. Fruiting bodies are collected until severe frosts. The hat is pillow-shaped and dense to the touch. The color is gray-violet or yellow-gray. The leg is long and cylindrical. The color of the leg is the same as that of the cap, but there are bright purple furrows or inclusions. The plates are frequent, white or grayish in color. The pulp is white with a pleasant fruity smell.
Bearded row: the species has weak gastronomic characteristics. Belongs to the group of conditionally edible. Appearance the same as that of the scaly row, but along the edge of the cap there is a fringe of fibers. Bearded row has a mild smell and taste.
Brown row: similar to other species of the genus, which have a dark brown cap color. But in the brown row it tends more toward red-brown or yellow-brown. Along the outer concave edge of the cap you can see vertical dark brown stripes. At high humidity mucus forms on the surface of the leg. The pulp is dense, the smell is mealy, and the taste is bitter.

Lepista weed, or dirty (weed row, titmouse): The species belongs to the rowaceae, but is not yet sufficiently studied. Her hat is dark gray in color, sometimes with a purple tint. The size can reach 8 cm in diameter. The pulp is not fleshy, but thin and fragile. Very often the hats fade. They are often confused with the species purple row, but there is no danger: both mushrooms are edible.
Green row, or greenfinch, or lemon: The color of the fruiting body varies from greenish-yellow to light green. Sometimes there are bright yellow fruiting bodies. The color does not disappear during processing. In the center of the cap there is a dark gray spot covered with scales. Often cracks along the edge. The pulp is light lemon in color, darkens when scrapped, and has the smell of fresh flour. It grows only under coniferous trees.
The row is naked, or purple: collect it in autumn period. The appearance repels mushroom pickers, because in nature, in particular, brightly colored fruits are usually poisonous, both in plants and in mushrooms. But this species is conditionally edible. It differs from the lilac-footed row in the uniform color of the cap, and the legs in purple. The pulp has a pleasant anise smell. This species is classified as a typical saprophyte.

Mushroom caps come in different colors:

Violet;
Blue;
Lilac;
Pink;
Redhead;
Orange.

They also distinguish the types of trees with which they create mycorrhizae. According to this criterion, the row mushroom enters into a symbiotic relationship and forms mycorrhiza with the following types of deciduous trees:

Birch;
Aspen;
Alder.

However, row trees rarely form mycorrhiza with oak and prefer birch and conifers for these purposes. Delicious and juicy fruiting bodies grow under pine and aspen trees.

Inedible species

You need to be able to distinguish edible rows from inedible ones, because they cause intestinal disorders or poisoning.

Fibrous row: The fruiting bodies of the species are considered inedible due to their pungent taste. Outwardly, it looks like gray row, which has the taste and smell of flour.
Tiger row, or leopard print: very dangerous for humans, because capable of causing severe poisoning. The color of the cap is silver-blue with gray longitudinal scales. There is a convex tubercle in the middle. The plates are olive green. On the stem of mushrooms of the tiger row type, there is a characteristic powdery coating. The fruiting body deceives novice mushroom pickers with the pleasant smell of the pulp.
Soap row: got its name because of the specific odor of the pulp, which is reminiscent of cheap soap. Mushrooms of this species have a hemispherical cap with a wavy edge. Along the outer circle its color is light gray, towards the center it darkens to the color of dark copper. The leg is gray, long. At the break the flesh turns red. When cooking bad smell is only getting stronger.
The row is pointed, or mouse, or burning-sharp, or striped: outwardly similar to the earthy-gray row. It contains in the pulp a certain amount of muscarine, which is classified as a strong poison. But the main differences between this dangerous species are:

Umbrella shape of the cap and a pointed prominence in the middle.
Bitter taste, mealy smell.
The color of the cap is uneven, sometimes with white patches. In wet weather, mucous surface.

Spotted row, or ruined, or speckled: slightly poisonous species. Outwardly it looks like an edible one, but differs from the safe rows by small dark purple or gray spots on the cap closer to the edge. There is also mucus on the cap and the stalk is fibrous. It darkens when touched and when broken. If consumed, it may cause gastrointestinal upset.
The row is smelly: In Russia, cases of poisoning by this species are known, although the habitat is limited to the Amur region:

The fruiting body of the species is completely white. The cap is spread out with a tubercle in the middle and uneven edges. A system of plates (hymenophores) fused with the cap.
The poisonous pulp has the smell of illuminating gas or tar, which is why the species received its name. Dangerous toxin causes auditory and visual hallucinations.

Sultry spruce row: extremely similar to an edible greenfly. It has a dirty green-yellowish cap color. It is often confused with milk mushrooms, but they form mycorrhiza with deciduous trees, and sultry - only with representatives of coniferous species. Adults of this row have a funnel in the center of the cap.

Types of unknown etiology

Among the varieties of the mushroom genus Ryadovka, there are also unidentified ones that look like representatives of other families:

Elm row: The species is similar in type of growth to honey mushrooms. They grow on fruit trees and have light or white-yellow caps. The scientific name is elm lyophyllum or elm oyster mushroom.
Smoky talker: belongs to that family Oryadovaceae, but to a different genus - Govorushka.

Useful properties

Representatives of different species belonging to the genus Ryadovka contain vitamins A, group B, PP, E. The pulp contains thiamine and riboflavin, as well as useful trace elements calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, copper, phosphorus, zinc. Chitin and fiber contained in the cell walls cleanse the intestines of toxins.

Forest gifts are not a low-calorie product; they quickly fill you up. Per 100 g from 30 to 40 kcal. The pulp contains almost no fats and carbohydrates; most of the mass is occupied by water and protein. IN forest species contains all types of amino acids (including essential ones) that a person needs for normal life.

Row mushrooms when consumed regularly:

strengthen the immune system;
lower cholesterol levels in blood vessels;
improve vision;
work as antioxidants;
lower blood sugar levels.

Application

Row mushrooms received wide application in cooking and medicine. But before using the fruiting bodies in medicinal purposes, be sure to consult your doctor.

In cooking

Edible varieties of row mushrooms become bitter if not properly necessary processing. It involves soaking in cold water within a few days. The water is drained regularly (2-3 times a day) and new water is added. Then the fruiting bodies are boiled for 20 minutes in salted water. As a result, the bitterness goes away.

Popular processing methods:

salting for snacks;
pickling;
canning for the winter;
some types are fried after boiling.

Drying row mushrooms is not advisable: the pulp without processing will be bitter and hard, and therefore not suitable for food. Fresh fruiting bodies are stored in the refrigerator for up to 3 days, salted ones for up to 3 months. Rows of deep-frozen and canned with sterilization are stored the longest without loss of quality and harm to health - up to 1 year.

In medicine

At the row beneficial properties are not limited to attractive taste and the presence of a significant amount of microelements and vitamins in the pulp. The usefulness of the genus for medicine lies in the possibility of using them to obtain antibiotics in the near future. Thus, substances from which antibiotics and antitumor substances will soon be obtained have been found in the pulp of matsutake.

Popularly, the species is considered beneficial for tuberculosis patients, but official medicine the data does not confirm. Also, tinctures from dried fruits are used as skin lotions. Ointments and infusions with mushroom extract have long been used for skin rejuvenation.

Contraindications

people with stomach and gastrointestinal diseases;
elderly people;
children under 7 years old;
people with allergies or individual intolerances;
Mycelium is planted in autumn at temperatures below +15℃.
For better aeration, mushrooms need to be kept in order.
To create necessary conditions, the beds are protected from the sun and rain.
When new mycelium forms, soil is added.
After each harvest, it is necessary to add fresh soil.

Conclusion

There are edible and inedible row mushrooms. Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a mushroom belongs to a particular species due to the external similarity of several species. If a mushroom picker is not sure about the quality or belonging to one of the edible species, he should not risk his health. Matsutake, which grows in the eastern regions of Russia, is considered a delicacy.

(red, blushing), or honey fungus yellow-red (Tricholomopsis rutilans), captivates with its appearance and real mushroom smell. This beautiful mushroom with a yellow-red cap appears in forests at the end of summer and closer to autumn. Most often it is found near stumps or on the roots of coniferous trees. Many mushroom pickers have a question: is the yellow-red row edible? Is it worth collecting? And how to cook? On the one hand, for most it is an unknown mushroom, which, according to the main commandment of a mushroom picker, cannot be taken. It's safer to collect only well famous mushrooms. On the other hand, the yellow-red honey fungus looks quite edible. Let's try to figure out all these questions.

Description of the yellow-red row (yellow-red honey fungus)

Hat. The cap of the yellow-red row, or yellow-red honey fungus, has a yellow skin that is covered with red, dark red or red-lilac fibrous scales. Such that it gives the impression that the cap is slightly velvety, strewn with many tiny red strokes, dots and fibers. It is these scales that make the yellow skin appear red, red-pink or orange-red. As the mushroom grows, the scales remain mainly near the central part of the cap. The edges are noticeably discolored, retaining the yellow or yellowish-vanilla color of the skin.

The hat of young rowers has a convex shape. As the mushroom grows, it opens up, becoming almost flat. The skin is dry, slightly velvety. The cap plates are adherent and yellow.

The size of the cap depends on the age of the mushroom. Their diameter rarely exceeds 15 cm, more often it is up to 10 cm.

Leg. Dense leg of yellow-red row, or yellow-red honey fungus, also yellow. Its height is up to 10 cm, diameter up to 1.5 cm. Numerous purple scales located longitudinally are noticeable on the leg.

Pulp. The pulp of this mushroom can be not only yellow, but also yellow-cream. It has a pleasant mushroom or vague smell. It is sometimes compared to the smell of decaying wood. The taste of raw pulp is bitter.

Where and when does the yellow-red row (yellow-red honey fungus) grow?

Mushroom loves coniferous trees. It settles in their roots, can climb onto stumps (especially old ones) or can be seen nearby in the grass. Prefers pine trees. The yellow-red row grows not only here, but also in other countries. Its description can be found in reference books and guides to mushrooms by foreign authors.

The growth time of the mushroom is summer and autumn.

Is the yellow-red row (yellow-red honey fungus) edible?

The yellow-red honey fungus, or yellow-red honey fungus, is edible. This is a mushroom that can hardly be called tasty. But together with other mushrooms it can be cooked and eaten. The “inedible” label in certain reference books only indicates that the mushroom is unsuitable for mass consumption, and not that it is poisonous. In the USSR, the mushroom was not harvested according to GOST.

The yellow-red row must first be boiled and the first water must be drained immediately. Only after this the mushroom is cooked. Preferably at least 40 minutes. The row can be boiled, fried and salted. One of the best ways The preparation of this mushroom is marinating together with other mushrooms. The slight bitterness disappears. You can prepare (salt and pickle) according to the recipes that we gave in the article “Winter honey fungus ( winter mushroom) appears in late autumn."

Mushroom-twin of the yellow-red row (yellow-red honey fungus)

The yellow-red row, or yellow-red honey fungus, has such a characteristic appearance that it is difficult to confuse it with other mushrooms. However, it is worth recalling some external resemblance with a poisonous and very bitter brick-red false honey fungus. This is important to know so as not to accidentally put poisonous false honey fungus in the basket instead of the edible row.

A clear difference will be the presence of a brick-red false thin cobwebby blanket covering the plates, or the remains of a fringe (not like a ring, but like rare flakes) in the upper part of the leg. The color of the plates also matters. It is whitish (in young false mushrooms) or grayish, grayish-cream, greenish-yellow, olive (in adults). It can be brownish-green or black-green (in older ones).

The shape of the cap of young false mushrooms is bell-shaped, later rounded.

The leg is elongated, curved, fused from below with neighboring honey mushrooms. Its color is sulfur yellow or with a brown tint.

False brick-red honey fungus appears in August and mainly bears fruit in the fall (in large numbers in September). This bright mushroom cannot be collected. It is sometimes confused with, which leads to severe poisoning.

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Characteristics and description of the most popular forest mushrooms known to most mushroom pickers. There are also rare varieties that are collected exclusively by experienced mushroom pickers. These mushrooms include rows.

Botanical description

Ryadovka or tricholoma, from the Latin Tricholoma, is a fairly common member of the Ryadovkov family. May have a colored or white cap. Young rowers have hemispherical and convex caps, while older specimens have a flat and outstretched cap with uneven edges.

The surface part of the cap can be fibrous or scaly, depending on the type of mushroom. The plates grow to the stem or are located freely. The leg has sufficient density. A not very pronounced ring-shaped film blanket may be observed. Field identification of the row is often difficult due to the external diversity of these mushrooms; even in the picture they are depicted differently. It should be remembered that the genus includes poisonous and non-venomous edible varieties.

Rowing: features of collection (video)

Main types: gray, brown, white, earthy, scaly, poplar, autumn and others

In total, the genus includes about one hundred species. On the territory of our country, and in particular in Crimea, no more than fifty species grow. There are both autumn and spring varieties of rowing. The number of edible and inedible species is almost the same, so when collecting, the mushroom picker should be extremely careful.

Highest category	Edible	Conditionally edible	Inedible	Toxic and poisonous
Matsutake or Matsutake	Blackscale or Atrosquamosum	Silver	White-brown
	Gigantic	Golden	Broken
	Pigeon		Openkovidnaya
	Yellow-brown		Rough
	Massive	Scaly		Pointed
	Blushing	Yellow-red		Leopard print
	Poplar	bearded	Sulfur yellow	Spotted
			Separate	Tanned
	Carved or Sculpturatum		Pointed
	Earthy gray or Terreum		Pointed

Photo gallery

How to distinguish edible varieties

It is very easy for novice mushroom pickers who are little familiar with this type of mushroom to get confused in the numerous types of rows. The category of the most common in our forests includes the following types:

Lilac-footed or with dense pulp and floral aroma. The name was obtained due to the peculiar shade of the flesh of the cap and stem of the mushroom.
Red row or field honey fungus. Only the youngest specimens should be collected. old mushroom has a very specific unpleasant taste. A special feature is the velvety cap, orange-yellow with a red tint. The pulp is quite dense, bright yellow in color.

Yellow variety with a yellowish-olive cap and dark spot in the central part. The yellowish plates are narrow and close to each other. The leg is shortened and hollow, with fine scaling.
Gray row with a light gray cap and a slight purple tint. Young specimens have a slightly convex cap with a smooth surface. Old mushrooms are characterized by the presence of a flat cap with cracking. Taste qualities good enough.

Poplar row or a large poplar mushroom of yellow or terracotta color with a lighter shade at the edges of the cap. A special feature is the stickiness of the mushroom and the rather dense, white-colored pulp.
May row, appearing in forests in early spring and having a hump-shaped, cream-colored cap. Adult and overgrown specimens are characterized by a white cap and the presence of cream or ocher plates.

Crowded row– mushrooms grow strongly together and have brittle, but quite fleshy, hemispherical or convex-spread caps. Depending on the age, the diameter of the cap of an adult mushroom can vary between 5-11 cm, sometimes it grows larger. The caps are smooth, with pronounced stickiness, grayish or off-white in color. The pulp is fibrous, elastic in consistency.
Most popular in European countries earthen row characterized by a flat-convex cap shape with a pointed center. Its surface, depending on the age of the mushroom, can be either silky or scaly. The main color is gray or with a slight brownish tint.

Other varieties of edible and conditionally edible rows They are relatively rare in our country, so they are little known to domestic mushroom pickers.

Varieties inedible and poisonous

And poisonous ones often cause not only severe poisoning, but also death when eaten. Several types of poisonous mushrooms grow on the territory of our country, which you need to know well so as not to confuse them with edible mushrooms.

Name	Latin name	Habitat	Description	Fruiting period
Poisonous leopard or tiger	Tricholoma pardinum	Grows in middle lane our country, but it is quite rare. Usually the mushroom can be seen on calcareous soils under trees, in clearings and forest edges	Adult fruiting bodies are capable of forming so-called “witch circles”. The cap of young specimens is dense and fleshy, spherical, becoming flat with rolled edges with age. There are flake-like scales on the surface, and numerous cracks are also observed. Pulp with sufficient density, off-white color	Mass fruiting occurs from mid-August until the onset of significant cold weather
Pointed	Virgatum	Damp conifers and deciduous forests	The cap is bell-shaped, conical or convex, ash color with stripes on the edges. The pulp is soft in consistency, grayish-white or whitish. The leg is cylindrical, dense, with a thickening at the base	From September to October
Soapy	Saponaceum	Conifers, deciduous or mixed forests	The cap is round, bell-shaped or flat-convex, depressed in the center, with thin edges. The surface is smooth or finely scaly, gray-brown or reddish-brown. The pulp is white in color and turns red in the air. The leg is root-shaped, elongated, covered with an olive-gray or blackish scaly coating
speckled	Pessundatum	Raw conifers	The cap is reddish-brown or rusty-brown, with light edges. Surface with spots, mucous type. The pulp is white in color. Leg with a powdery coating	From August to the last ten days of September
Scaly	Imbricatum	Elniki	The cap is flat-convex, with rolled edges and a finely scaly surface. The surface color is reddish-brown. The pulp is white in color. Cylindrical leg	From August to the last ten days of September

The row mushroom ripens from August to October. It can be found in both deciduous and coniferous forests. In one clearing, up to several hundred fruiting bodies grow, forming rounded rows. Because of this feature, the accumulation of mushrooms is popularly nicknamed. In order not to accidentally get poisoned, you need to know how to distinguish the gray poisonous row from the conditionally edible one.

Characteristics and description

Like other cap-footed mushrooms, the body of the row consists of a stem and a cap. Both parts are capable of receiving different shapes, while their shades often vary. Upper part young row is in the form of a ball, cone, bell or flattened hemisphere. The size of the cap in diameter for young mushrooms is 3−4 cm, for adults it is 15−20 m or more.

How older mushroom, the flatter its cap becomes. At the edges it can be either flat or curved inward or outward. Sometimes there is a small bulge left in the center, but in some species there is none. The mushroom has a skin that comes off in thin strips when pulled. The surface of the cap can be:

Depending on the species, the color of the fruiting body varies from white to green and brown. Also, the top of the mushroom can be bright red, red-gray, brown, green, pale yellow, dirty red, etc. This species is characterized by a change in shade during the process of ripening and aging.

The row forms a stalk 3−10 cm high. In a young mushroom it has a thickness of 0.7−0.8 cm, in an old one it reaches 2.3 cm. Sometimes the stalk grows the same throughout its entire height, but it also happens that it narrows or expands up. There are also mushrooms with club-shaped bases.

The color of the flesh of the leg is usually brownish, gray-pink or pink-brown, but only in the middle and lower parts. Under the cap itself there is a small area that is lighter than the rest of the mushroom. In some subspecies, a protective ring is located in the same place - what remains of the fibrous cover covering the plates. The surface of the leg can be velvety, covered with scales (which makes it appear fluffy), fibrous or completely smooth.

During the ripening period, the row forms white, light gray or colorless spores. A spore powder of brown, brown or white color is formed from the fruiting body.

Places of growth

The generic name of the gray row is Tricholoma. This group includes many species, including poisonous and conditionally edible. They also occur, and the second group is not toxic to humans, but does not represent nutritional value. Thus, all varieties of tricholoma are divided into 4 groups. From the point of view of botanists, Ryadovka is a lamellar above-ground mushroom, the genus is Agaricaceae, the family is Ryadovka or Tricholomaceae.

The pulp of the fruiting body exudes a light fruity aroma and tastes slightly sweet. The color can be light gray, gray-lilac, pale purple, white. Purple-legged mushrooms often grow where there is a lot of ash, but they can also be found in other forests, as well as in grassy steppes. In years with favorable weather, fruiting begins in mid-spring and continues until the second ten days of October.

Earthy gray

The plates are wide, often located, almost white in young specimens, brownish or red-brown in old specimens. The pulp has a delicate aroma, characteristic of edible mushrooms, and has a nutty flavor. At the fracture, the mushroom is white; after a while, the damaged area becomes light red or yellow. Colossus rower forms a mycorrhizal symbiosis with pine, common in Russia, Japan, North Africa and some European countries. Fruiting begins in early or mid-August and continues throughout September.

Honey fungus

Another type of rowing is called nut honey fungus. It is known as brown, red-brown and yellow-brown. This mushroom is suitable for eating, but even after a long heat treatment the flesh is a little bitter. In young specimens the cap is slightly convex, less often rounded, and becomes flat with age. There is a small bulge in the middle. In the first days, the skin is smooth and sticky, then it becomes rough and covered with scales. The cap grows up to 15 cm in diameter, is colored light brown at the edges, darker in the center, with a red tint.

This species grows only in birch forests. Peak fruiting occurs in August and September. The brown row has white, loose pulp with a mealy taste and aroma. The plates are yellowish, can be located either sparsely or frequently, and as the fungus ages, they acquire a brown color. The leg is yellow-brown below, white above interspersed with brown fibers.

These are the most common varieties of rowing suitable for consumption. According to their descriptions, they can be easily distinguished from poisonous and inedible.