How to recycle old tires. Choosing equipment for processing tires into crumbs: prices and characteristics of plants, lines and machines

A car is not a luxury, but a means of transportation. The famous one spoke literary hero. Confirming his words, the car fleet around the world is growing steadily. Russia and the CIS countries are not lagging behind in terms of growth in the number of cars.

This growth is leading the world to many security problems environment, and one of them is a constant increase in the number of worn tires.

Scientists estimate that every year about 3 billion tires are thrown into landfills on the planet. And only about a fifth of them are exposed industrial processing. The rest rest in various landfills, polluting the environment.

IN natural conditions tires do not disintegrate, but become constant sources of environmental, fire, and sanitary hazards. Although on their own, they can become sources of valuable raw materials.

So, from 1 ton car tires you can get about 700 -750 kg of rubber for reuse. And if we just burn it, we get about 600 kg toxic waste in the form of soot and toxic gases.

Small tire recycling plant in Russia

Car tires can become a source for obtaining high-quality secondary raw materials. The tire contains polymers that can be used in various industries.

Tires also contain a sufficient amount of metal that metal processing enterprises are ready to take. If we consider that in Russia today no more than 10% of car tires are recycled, then such.

Among the advantages of such a business is access to raw materials. You can find tires for recycling in any city.

Its cost will be minimal, and you will often get it for free. The processing production line occupies a small space; you do not need to look for a large room for it.

To work on the line, 2–3 people per shift are enough. The cost of the line depends on the degree of tire processing and ranges from 800,000 rubles to 1,500,000 rubles. When done correctly organized process, it will pay off in a period of 6 months to 1 year. One ton of tires, after processing, produces an average of 700 to 800 kg of secondary raw materials.

Tire processing products

The product of the primary processing of tires, crumb rubber, is used to obtain new products:

Car tires and other rubber auto products.
Manufacturing of rubber tracks and mats.
Production of road coatings.
Shoe making.
Production of water-repellent surfaces.
Production of coverings for tennis courts and sports fields.
In construction, crumbs are added to concrete products.

This list can be continued, recalling all other use cases.

By heating them in a special reactor, we obtain the following fractions:

Liquid fuel, it is used to heat water and rooms in boiler rooms
Gas, a significant part of it is used to support the heating process.
Metal cord is readily accepted by metallurgical plants.

Requirements

Starting capital

Your main primary expense will be to purchase equipment. Your primary expenses will be in the range of 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 rubles.

Let's see where your money will go:

Purchase and installation of equipment – 1000000 – 1500000 rubles.
Registration entrepreneurial activity LLC or individual entrepreneur - 30,000 rubles.
Rent and preparation of premises – 300,000 – 400,000 rubles.
Registration of permits – 100,000 rubles.

If you do not have your own cargo transport, you will need money to rent or purchase. This is at least 2,000,000 rubles.

Current expenses

Renting premises – 100,000 rub..
Employee salary - 80,000 – 120,000 rub..
utility bills, transport, communications, taxes – 200000rub.

Total per month will be approximately 380,000 – 420,000 rub..

Equipment

The production line includes equipment:

Reactor installation.
Hydraulic shears.
The separator is magnetic.
Air separator.
Belt conveyor.
Vibrating sieve.
Crucible 3 pcs.
Tape cutter.
Fuel oil storage tank.
Containers for storing bulk raw materials.

The composition of the equipment may vary depending on the tasks assigned.

Selecting a room

Installation of a tire recycling line takes approximately 300 square meters. meters. To this should be added a room for storage of raw materials and finished products, approximately 200-300 sq. m. Since the reactor installation has a large height, it is better to install it in an open space.

Number of employees

All modern lines are fully automated. To work they require an average 2 – 3 people per shift. It is worth noting that you may need a storekeeper, driver, forwarder, and accountant.

Line workers need to go vocational training. Many companies offering tire recycling lines conduct personnel training at the commissioning stage. If the person came later, then the burden of training will fall on your shoulders.

Recycling process

Tires to be recycled are taken to your company's warehouse. Then there may be two options. The rubber will go into a reactor to produce fuel oil, or it will be processed into crumbs. It should be noted that in the cold season the demand for fuel oil is better, and in the summer the crumbs are sold more.

Let's consider the process of producing liquid fuel. After inspecting the rubber for the presence of metal discs and rings, it is crushed and fed as raw material into the reactor. There the raw materials are heated to approximately 450 degrees.

As a result of temperature exposure, the rubber breaks down into gas, which is sent to the reactor furnace for further combustion. Excess gas is released into the atmosphere. Its composition resembles car exhaust gases. Liquid fuel, which is poured into special containers.

To receive crumb rubber, first the seat ring is removed from the tire, then the metal is removed from it. Next, using a tape cutter, spiral tire mode, we get a tape 3 - 5 centimeters wide. Next, the second seat ring is removed. And the rubber blanks are sent to the shredder. Next, the crumbs are separated into fractions different sizes, and sending it to the warehouse.

Revenues and payback

The big advantage of the tire recycling business is that the raw materials are virtually free. But you can even make money from this. Some businesses are willing to pay for you to rid them of tires.

Let's consider the option of obtaining liquid fuel. On average, the proposed installation is capable of processing 5 tons of tires per day.

From 5 tons of raw materials we will get the following amount of materials:

Liquid fuel – 2 tons
Metal cord – 0.5 tons
Carbon-containing residue – 1.5 tons
Gas – 1.0 ton

The average cost of liquid fuel is 7000 rubles/t. Metal cord – 4000 rub/t. Carbon-containing residue 3000 rub/t.

Thus, with continuous daily work, we will receive revenue of 615,000 rubles. Let's subtract from it monthly expenses 380,000 - 420,000 rubles. We will receive a net income of 195,000 - 235,000 rubles.

Depending on the primary costs, the payback period for the line will be from 6 to 12 months from the moment the line is put into operation.

Peculiarities

It is worth noting that the processing of domestic and foreign tires is somewhat different. Although they look the same on the outside, the tires differ in their insides.

So in Russian tires There are a lot of nylon fibers, this point makes it very difficult to process Russian tires into rubber crumbs.

Foreign manufacturers They install an all-metal cord in their tires, without the participation of nylon fibers.

From this we draw simple conclusions. We use foreign tires for crumb rubber, but it is better to process domestic tires for fuel oil.

Location of the enterprise

One of important factors The location of the tire processing plant is its proximity to the raw material base. However, it should not be closer than 300 meters from a residential area. It is better to install it outside the city, in an industrial zone.

You also need to pay attention to the presence of basic communications, electricity and water. Industrial and automotive enterprises with a large fleet of vehicles. Tire fittings are also a good source of raw materials.

Ecology

When organizing a tire recycling enterprise, you will need to obtain environmental certificates.

Install additional filters and carry out a number of other activities.

Can often help rental of premises in an enterprise, the territory of which already has a corresponding certificate.

Modern tire processing lines operate according to waste-free technology and have the appropriate certificates. When purchasing such equipment, make sure that it has the appropriate certificate.

Fire safety

This production must meet high standards fire safety adopted for enterprises involved in the processing and storage of petroleum products.

The room where your production line will be installed, and the warehouse of finished products and raw materials, must be equipped with good fire extinguishing system. Otherwise, you will be guaranteed problems with firefighters.

Conclusions

Despite some challenges, the tire recycling business has a bright future. The growth of the vehicle fleet is at the level 10-15% per year. The number of tires will increase accordingly.

The recycling process itself begins to be paid for by the state, plus the sale of processed products comes as a bonus. Before opening your business, conduct a market analysis. Maybe there are already a lot of competitors in your area. And the return from the business will not be so significant.

Humanity has long been thinking about how to recycle used car tires, of which the number is increasing every year. But even today from total number Only about 20% of all tires in the world are recycled, although methods for recycling tires exist today. And you can even make money on some of them, while simultaneously improving the environmental situation.

The fact is that worn tires are quite valuable polymer raw materials: 1 ton of tires contains about 700 kilograms of rubber, which can be reused for the production of fuel, rubber products and construction materials. At the same time, if you burn 1 ton of used tires, 270 kg of soot and 450 kg of toxic gases are released into the atmosphere.

Make tire recycling economical in industrial scale quite difficult. However, according to manufacturers of waste disposal equipment, your own mini-plant for recycling tires is a completely profitable production.

The production complex is a prefabricated installation total area 17.5 sq. m and 10 meters high, which can process up to 5 tons of raw materials per day. In addition, the production site includes a raw material warehouse (worn out tires and plastics), a raw material preparation area (cutting tires into pieces), finished product warehouses: a liquid fuel warehouse, a carbon black warehouse, and a scrap metal storage area (steel cord).

Tire Recycling Business: Recycling Process

Used tires are collected and transported by road to a raw materials warehouse. Next, the tires are inspected for the presence of metal discs and rings and sent for cutting. After cutting, the crushed raw material is fed into the reactor receiving hopper.

The raw materials in the reactor undergo decomposition at a temperature of approximately 450°C, during which intermediate products are obtained: gas, liquid fuel fraction, carbon-containing residue and steel cord. The gas is partially returned to the reactor furnace to maintain the process. The remaining part of the gas is released through the pipe (by appearance and the amount of gas coming out is comparable to truck exhaust). The carbon-containing residue after quenching and cooling is subjected to magnetic separation (or sieved through a sieve) in order to separate the steel cord wire. Liquid fuel, steel cord and carbon-containing residue are sent to a warehouse for further shipment to the consumer.

Tire Recycling Business: Equipment Description

The productivity of the installation (per day) is: for liquid fuel - 2 tons/day; for carbon-containing solid residue - 1.5 tons/day; for steel cord - 0.5 tons/day; for gas - 1 ton/day.

Consumption of raw materials - 5 tons/day. This means that the yield of liquid fuel is 40% of the weight of loaded rubber.

The installation operates continuously using gas produced during the processing of tires. Installed in an open area.

Overall dimensions: height - 10 m; width - 3.5 m; length - 5 m.

Electricity consumption - 14.5 kW/h (installation - 7 kW/h and scissors - 7.5 kW/h).

Serves 2 people.

Tire recycling business: start-up capital

The installation cost is approximately RUB 1,100,000. (no delivery). In addition, tanks will be needed to store fuel oil obtained during processing. To obtain greater profits during a period of falling prices, it is recommended to accumulate fuel in tanks and sell the accumulated products during a period of increased prices. 60-ton used tanks can be purchased at a price of 20 - 25 thousand rubles per 1 piece. Six tanks will be enough.

Plus warehouse equipment, tools, workwear - at least another 100 thousand rubles. Thus, the cost of equipment, taking into account the rental of territory and premises, delivery, installation and various approvals, will amount to at least 1.5 million rubles.
Current expenses

Four workers are required to work two shifts. Wages each -
about 10 thousand rubles per month. You will also need an office for accounting and at least two more employees, one of whom will organize the supply of raw materials, and the second - the sale of finished products. In total - at least 70,000 rubles per month for wages of employees, plus taxes and office space rent.

Electricity consumption is 14.5 kW/h, that is, 10440 kW/month.

Monthly expenses for the current activities of the enterprise will amount to about 100 thousand rubles.

Tire Recycling Business: Revenues

The advantage of the project is that the raw materials are virtually free. Moreover, in some cases you can already earn money by collecting it.

For example, industrial enterprises pay for the recycling of tires, because... City landfills do not accept tires. IN different cities the cost varies. This is stipulated in the contract with the company. In Chelyabinsk, for example, enterprises pay 2,000 rubles for recycling 1 ton of tires, in Krasnodar - 3,500 rubles.

Scrap metal is accepted by recycling enterprises at a price of about 4,000 rubles per ton. The cost of low-quality carbon is about 3,000 rubles per ton. Carbon is used to make various coatings.

Total
Thus, the total income from the installation per month is 375,000 rubles (2? 3000 (fuel oil) + 1.5? 3000 (carbon) + 0.5? 4000 (scrap metal) = 12,500 rub./day). Monthly costs: 100,000 (worker salaries and office) + 14,616 (electricity) = 114,616 rubles. Thus, the payback period for the installation is about 6 months from the start of production.

Tire Recycling Business: Pitfalls

Firstly, there are no vacant plots - all the land has already been distributed for residential buildings. Secondly, the distance from residential buildings must be at least 300 meters - such a site is not easy to find. It is even more difficult to pass the examination. Plus public opinion- people do not want a new enterprise to be built “under their windows,” especially one for waste processing.

It is much easier to organize such production on the territory existing enterprises and organizations. It's no secret that many production sites are now idle. And their territory has all the necessary environmental conclusions and approvals. All that remains is to come to an agreement with the enterprise itself - it is much easier to agree on difficult issues with the landlord than with environmentalists, firefighters and other authorities.

Another important point. To prevent environmental pollution from such production, most likely, you will have to purchase a special purification plant, which will cost the entrepreneur several times more than the production itself.

Also, according to experts, it is not practical to build one small processing plant specializing in one type of product. Recycling needs to be covered as much as possible more products: glass, plastic, metal, rubber, paper, etc.

The project does not provide for many unforeseen expenses that will certainly arise in the process of preparation and full-fledged production activities. There will be problems with environmentalists and firefighters. For example, to store fuel oil in old tanks, one fire shield is not enough. A whole range of safety measures are required here: from hoses through which fuel or gas flows, to instructions for personnel.

And environmentalists are completely jealous of landfills and recycling plants. There is always something to complain about, and the cost of fulfilling all the requirements amounts to hundreds of thousands of rubles.

Dmitry Kiro

Magazine "Svoe Delo"

Recycling hazardous types of waste is relevant in Russia. With the increase in the number of cars, the number of used tires increases (according to statistics, it reaches 1 million tons per year).

There are not enough enterprises involved in their processing, although every year 50 tons of rubber that has become unusable accumulates in each region. Not all cities have places to store this type of waste. Discarded tires are found on the side of the road or adjacent to suburban roads.

The greatest experience in recycling tires is in the Moscow region (2 specialized plants operate), but they only recycle 10%. Therefore, the business of processing car tires will fill an empty niche.

The advantage of such a business is the opportunity to receive old tires for free. Processing tires into crumb rubber is a promising type of business.

There is no tire recycling system in Russia; experts attribute this to imperfect legislation.

Advantages and disadvantages of the processing business

To the benefits of this business include:

inexpensive raw materials in large quantities;
location close to sales locations;
few competitors;
the ability to use any room;
economic benefit.

Flaws:

initial investment required;
selection of raw materials with the same composition.

Selecting a room

The main parameters are the area of the premises and the rental price. When choosing a room you need to consider:

the area must be sufficient to accommodate production equipment;
places for loading and unloading;
necessary auxiliary premises;
connection to water supply and power lines;
convenient access roads;
distance from residential area 300 m or more.

An industrial zone located outside the city would be the most suitable location.

Required documents

To open a business, you will need documents confirming or, the conclusion of the sanitary-epidemiological and fire service, an agreement for the supply of electricity. Licensing for this type of activity was canceled by Federal Law No. 93 of June 25, 2112.

What documents will be required to register an individual entrepreneur and how to prepare them correctly in accordance with legal requirements - read

Registration of activities

You should approach your choice responsibly: this affects the registration procedure, payment of taxes and other factors. When opening an LLC, the following responsibilities arise:

as a legal entity;
How individuals founders and participants.

The LLC is liable for its obligations within the limits of its property. If it is impossible to repay debts during bankruptcy, obligations may pass to the founders and participants.

For individual entrepreneurs, when debt obligations arise, property is not considered personal and is not used for business activities (this also applies to property acquired before the start of business activities).

Industrial processing of tires into crumbs: business plan with calculations

The technological line that processes tires into crumbs has a capacity of up to 700 kg/hour. The yield of finished products from the initial mass of raw materials is 60–70% of the granulate, which is in particular demand (fraction 2–4 mm).

Room area 250 m2, number of workers 4 people, electricity consumption 120 kW. The annual production of crumb rubber will be 2000 tons.

The cost of main equipment is 10.75 million rubles.
Delivery and setup 250 thousand rubles.
Additional expenses 30 thousand rubles.
A machine that sews bags 10 thousand rubles.
Scales 20 thousand rubles.
The cost of crumb bags is 20 thousand rubles.
Staff salary is 100 thousand rubles.

With a minimum monthly processing of tires of 150 tons, the yield is:

metal cord 30 tons;
rubber crumbs 100 tons;
textiles 20 tons.

Income from product sales

1500 thousand rubles. from crumb rubber (100 t x 15 rubles/kg);
90 thousand rubles. metal cord (30 t x 3 thousand rubles/t);
40 thousand rubles. textiles (20 tons x 2 thousand rubles/t);
150 thousand rubles. acceptance of tire recycling from individuals and enterprises.

Total: 1780 thousand rubles.

Production costs

100 thousand rubles. staff salaries;
4 thousand rubles. for packaging bags;
20 thousand rubles. communication services, economic;
100 thousand rubles. electricity (120 kW x 4.5 rub.);
50 thousand rubles. rental of premises;
50 thousand rubles. line maintenance;
20 thousand rubles. garbage removal.

Total: 344 thousand rubles.

The profit is 1780 – 344 = 1436 thousand rubles. Return on investment 8 months.

With an increase in the output of finished products and their sale at a price above the minimum, monthly profit indicators will increase.

Starting a business requires large investments, and this is scary for novice entrepreneurs. You can use a bank loan or receive a subsidy under a government program. To do this you will need a business plan with calculations.

and tips for their implementation are contained in our new article at the link.

Possible risks

The production cycle includes the supply of raw materials, operation of equipment and sale of finished products. Risks that may arise:

breaking technological equipment(to reduce this risk, the line should be serviced in a timely manner, recommendations for its operation should be followed, worn-out mechanisms and consumables should be replaced);
interruptions in the supply of raw materials (a contract for the supply of raw materials can be concluded simultaneously with the search for equipment);
difficulties with sales (you should enter into a long-term agreement with a company that needs crumb rubber and establish a sales channel in nearby regions);
spoilage of products during storage (special conditions are not required, but crumb rubber is afraid of moisture).

A business based on processing car tires into crumbs will be profitable if the entrepreneur manages to resolve the issue of marketing the finished product. This direction is promising and consistently brings good profits.

You can find out how lines for processing tires into crumbs function in practice in the following video:

The number of cars on the roads of our country is constantly increasing. In this regard, spontaneous dumps of used tires occur in cities. But you can make good money from this garbage. We will look at a business plan for processing tires into crumbs in this article.

Registering a business

Since such an activity is classified as working with hazardous waste, before opening a tire recycling business, you must obtain a license. This will require certain financial investments.

In addition, you need to obtain permission from the SES. To do this, all environmental requirements must be met. We are talking about the installation of special filters, as well as the location of the enterprise. It should be located away from residential buildings. Do not forget to register the company with the relevant authorities, as well as tax office In addition, resolve all issues with firefighters and enter into an agreement for the supply of electricity.

Choosing a room

To process tires into crumbs, you need to choose a suitable room. These must be large areas, approximately 500 sq. meters. In addition, you will need space for raw materials and finished products.

Do not forget that the tire recycling plant should be located away from settlement. If complaints from the public begin to come in, your business may be closed.

These parameters correspond to sites in industrial zones located outside the city. Finding land in the suburbs for construction is not easy, so it is better to buy or rent former factory workshops. Please note the availability of convenient access roads.

Equipment

Modern equipment for processing tires into crumbs is offered different manufacturers. Of all the offers on the market, only 10% correspond to the declared indicators and provide a quick payback.

All equipment for crumb rubber is divided into three groups:

Equipment from European manufacturers. These are quite reliable and highly efficient units that meet all requirements;
Inexpensive equipment for the production of crumb rubber from China is of questionable quality. China also produces good equipment, but its price is almost the same as for European production lines;
The simplest and most reliable equipment is produced in our country. It is worth noting that the price of equipment for processing tires into crumbs from domestic manufacturers is two times lower than for European units. But, at the same time, it costs an order of magnitude more than Chinese ineffective equipment.

The technological line consists of:

Devices for cutting tires;
Cutting machine;
Rubber restructuring machines;
Magnetic separator;
Classifier;
Vibrating screens;
Conveyor.

Remember that the quality and reliability of your equipment largely determines the success of your business.

Process

Processing technology rubber tires into crumbs consists of several stages:

All tires are carefully inspected to identify any elements that are unsuitable for recycling;
Tires are cut into small pieces;
The raw materials are sent to a shredder plant, where they are crushed into smaller fractions. At this stage, metal inclusions and bead wire are removed;
The processed raw materials are sent to a rotary crusher for final grinding;
The process of separation, as well as separation of metal and textiles;
Final cleaning takes place on a round vibrating sieve. At the same time, the crumb rubber is sorted into fractions.

In addition, tires can be processed into diesel fuel. This is a more profitable production, but it will require large investments.

Scheme: processing tires into crumbs

The process is divided into stages:

Sorting of raw materials;
Tire cutting;
Decomposition of raw materials in a reactor at high temperature.

The output is liquid fuel, metal cord and gas, which can be used for subsequent processing cycles.

Staff

To operate a line for processing tires into crumb rubber, you won’t need many employees. Its maintenance is completely handled by two people.

To work in the office you will need:

Sales Manager;
Accountant;
In addition, you need to hire drivers with your own trucks, or create your own fleet.

To select personnel, seek help from specialists. The final pre-employment interview should be conducted in person. Recruited employees must undergo special training. Since it is a fairly promising area, many equipment manufacturing companies offer training in short-term courses. You can also invite employees who have experience working in similar enterprises.

Business profitability

Before you begin, carefully consider all costs. This is quite a costly business, since the cost of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is quite high. You will have to pay 2-3 million rubles for it, so if there is such an opportunity, try to find investors. Another cost item is treatment units. Without them, you will not be able to obtain permission from the SES.

Now let's talk about income. Raw materials for crumb rubber can be obtained almost free of charge. You can find organizations that pay money for recycling old tires. The resulting products can be sold at a good price. If you find reliable sales routes, the enterprise will pay for itself in the shortest possible time. short terms and will become profitable.

Expenses

Calculations may vary depending on local conditions, so let's take the average:

Registration of documents – 150 thousand rubles;
Rental of production space – 180 thousand rubles;
Renovation of the premises - 150 thousand rubles;
Fuel tanks – 80 thousand rubles;
Equipment – 1.5 million rubles;
Tool – 200 thousand rubles.

The total amount is approximately three million rubles. In addition, every month you will spend money on:

The workers' salary is 70 thousand rubles;
Salary for office employees – 50 thousand rubles;
Electricity – 30 thousand rubles;
Transport costs – 150 thousand rubles.

There are no taxes included in these calculations, since starting a business is tax-exempt in the first year.

Where can I get start-up capital?

As you can see, in order to set up production, you need enough large sum. In addition, budding entrepreneurs are also intimidated by large monthly payments.

To get money, you can try to get a loan from a bank. In this case you will have to pay high interest rates. Since the country's government is concerned about environmental issues, there are government programs through which subsidies can be obtained. To do this, you need to provide a detailed business plan with all the necessary calculations. If you are more interested, you can also ask for help from the state.

Home production

Rubber crumbs can be used to decorate garden plots, make paths or cover roofs. To process tires into crumbs at home, you can use regular scissors or an ax. All metal parts are removed from the old camera. Cut it into strips, after which they are crushed to the desired size.

Video on the topic Video on the topic

Business promotion

Since products such as crumb rubber have not yet received wide application In our country, finding buyers is not so easy. But despite this, old tires also bring good income to entrepreneurs. Start looking for markets before you even launch your business. Usually effective approach, provides excellent results.

Just imagine, in Moscow approximately 70 thousand tons of old tires are thrown away annually, in St. Petersburg - 30 thousand tons, in Rostov-on-Don and Chelyabinsk - 5-6 thousand tons each. According to experts, only 15-20% of them are recycled; the rest are taken to landfills, stored in garages or buried in the ground. “Sometimes mountains of old tires are set on fire to make room for “new” junk,” says environmentalist Zhanna Izmailova. “Meanwhile, one ton of old tires produces 450 kg of toxic gases and 270 kg of soot during combustion.” In other words, tire recycling in itself is a matter of environmental importance, however, it also turns out to be a highly profitable business.

Today, there are a number of technologies for recycling and recycling tires. In particular, the developers believe that this product is a valuable recyclable material, as it has a high yield of in-demand materials. “One ton of used tires contains 700 kg of rubber, plus metal cord,” says Ivan Gerasimov, a specialist in recycling recyclable materials from Moscow. “And most importantly, the tire recycling process is well developed, which allows the use of ready-made equipment.” According to him, the choice of the principle of recycling raw materials depends on consumers who are within easy transport accessibility.

Review of tire recycling technologies

First of all, we're talking about on technologies for physically grinding tires into dispersed materials, for example, for the production of concrete as additives or asphalt pavements for roads with a consumption capacity of 14-15 tons per 1 km of road surface. In addition, crushed tire crumbs retain the original structure and properties of rubber and other polymers. This means that it can be successfully used for the production of various rubber products, including gaskets for rail sleepers, floor mats, sports rubber coatings for football fields and tennis courts.

“Mechanical processing of tires differs in the grinding temperature and the method of impact,” says Ivan Gerasimov. - The easiest way to crush a tire is when it is frozen to a brittle state, at minus 60 o C and below degrees. To do this, you will need a cold generator of an air turbo-refrigeration machine, naturally - a refrigeration chamber where the air is supplied, a rotary blade chopper, a magnetic separator and an air separator.” You can use the principle of “pneumatic liquefaction” of rubber when high pressures, but can be processed into crumbs at normal temperatures using the method of stepwise grinding, with maximum preservation of the properties of rubber.

And where there is an acute shortage of high-quality fuel oil for heating, the technology of processing tires into this type of fuel will be in great demand. “To be fair, this is not classic fuel oil,” states Zhanna Izmailova. - This pyrolysis oil, identical in chemical properties fuel oil. But it is quite suitable for combustion in boiler houses and heat generators; however, pyrolysis oil can be processed into fuel oil, diesel fuel or even gasoline.” This type of recycling will require a tire shredding apparatus and a pyrolysis reactor, as well as fuel storage tanks.

Price issue

In general, any equipment for tire processing is not cheap, since machines with high metal consumption are used. For example, equipment for classical technology obtaining crumb rubber produced by Vtorrezina Ecoprom LLC UPP costs about 7 million rubles. Using similar equipment, crumbs with a size of 5-40 mesh (up to 0.42 mm) are obtained. In principle, it is possible to install thinner sieves and obtain a fraction down to 0.1 mm, however, this will require sacrificing productivity. “According to experience, such lines pay for themselves in about six months to a year,” states Ivan Gerasimov. - A newly minted entrepreneur will need about 200 m² of premises and plus a site for a tire warehouse; it can also be used for open air. Two to three workers will be required per shift.”

It is clear that such expenses will not be feasible for many novice businessmen. In this case, you can start with a contract for recyclers, in particular, using a tire divider along the treadmill into two halves. Such a machine costs about 500 thousand rubles and allows you to quickly and efficiently produce a semi-finished product for further processing by abrasion. It can even cut truck tires, which can dramatically increase the productivity of subsequent processing into crumbs. Thus, significant funds are saved when transporting a compact semi-finished product instead of capacious tires, storage space is reduced, and the crumbs are clean from dirt. According to experts, such equipment pays for itself in a matter of months when installed in places where old tires are stored.

As for processing tires into pyrolysis oil, experts unanimously claim that possible problems environmental nature. “If we talk about an alternative to processing tires into crumbs, then it is logical to focus not on recycling into pyrolysis oil, but on tire retreading,” states Zhanna Izmailova. “We environmentalists often urge entrepreneurs to take a close look at these technologies.” And in fact, for example, D&M equipment worth 2.2 million rubles can make this business not only environmentally friendly, but also profitable. Thus, restoring just 16 R-22.5 tires brings the owner about a thousand dollars in net income.

What's on the forums?

Of course, the opinion of experts is worth listening to. But, as experience shows, more accurate judgments can be found at various business forums.

A forum member with the nickname streker, commenting on the problem of selling fuel oil obtained from tire processing, wrote: “Mazut, it is also called “furnace oil”, is mainly used for heating, at thermal power plants in particular. The volumes of its consumption there are large. Squeezing your small percentage of supplies into the planned purchase of thermal power plants will be quite problematic. Further, fuel oil consumption is seasonal, i.e., even after reaching an agreement with a thermal power plant, one must remember that when there is no heating season, fuel oil will have to be procured. What are the containers needed for? pumping equipment. And at this time you will have to work “for the future” in the hope of recouping the investment by selling tons of fuel oil when demand for it arises again. It’s not that there is no demand at all out of season, it’s just that prices really fluctuate...” The commentator also threw a pebble into the garden of pyrolysis production Senya K-J: “Don’t forget about the problem of the terrible smell! Your neighbors will demolish your entire plant. I myself worked next to the pyrolysis workshop.”

There is an alternative opinion, however, it concerns mechanical processing. “I have been working for 4 years on a topic very close to recycling car tires, - Nickman Av22 shares his experience. - In my production I use the product of this processing - rubber powder. The main problem is the certification of rubber powder. If you manage to do this, keep in mind that it will be conditional. In my opinion, one of the most successful applications for a tire recycling product is its use in the construction of road surfaces on highways.”

Thus, the business of recycling old tires has its pros and cons, but with a professional approach to the business there are more “firsts”. In particular, success is guaranteed almost one hundred percent if a businessman agrees to sell the same crumb rubber to a large road repair company.