Outline map of Africa with symbols. African countries

Africa is the second largest continent in the world, followed by Eurasia.

On the territory of the African continent there are 55 countries that are bordered by:

Mediterranean Sea.
Red Sea.
Indian Ocean.
Atlantic Ocean.

The area of the African continent is 29.3 million square kilometers. If we take into account the islands near Africa, the area of this continent increases to 30.3 million square kilometers.

The African continent occupies approximately 6% of the total area globe.

Most big country in Africa is Algeria. The area of this state is 2,381,740 square kilometers.

Table. Largest states in Africa:

List of largest cities by population:

Nigeria - 166,629,390 people. In 2017, it was the most populous country in Africa.
Egypt - 82,530,000 people.
Ethiopia - 82,101,999 people.
Republic of the Congo. The population of this African country is 69,575,394 inhabitants.
Republic of South Africa. There were 50,586,760 people living in South Africa in 2017.
Tanzania. This African country has a population of 47,656,370 people.
Kenya. This African country has a population of 42,749,420 people.
Algeria. In this country tropical Africa Home to 36,485,830 people.
Uganda - 35,620,980 people.
Morocco - 32,668,000 people.

African Development and Economy

If you take the corresponding maps of Africa, the countries differ not only in their diversity weather conditions, but also an abundance of land resources and minerals.

The African continent ranks 1st in the world in reserves of the following breeds:

manganese;
chromite;
gold;
platinoid;
cobalt;
phosphorite

The industry of African countries is very well developed. This is especially true in the mining industry. Thus, last year, 96% of the total volume of diamonds was mined on the African continent. The resources of African countries make it possible to extract a large number of gold and cobalt ores. On average, about 76% of gold and 68% of cobalt ores of the total world volume are mined on the continent.

Chromites are mined in an amount of 67% of total number, and the share of manganese ore production is 57% of the total volume.

Africa contains and produces 35% of the world's uranium ores and 24% of copper. The African continent exports 31% of the world's total phosphate rocks and 11% of oil and gas.

Despite the small volumes of oil and gas supplies, 6 African countries are members of OPEC, the international organization of oil exporting states.

If we take the most developing countries in Africa in the field of mining, these will be:

South Africa is rapidly developing and rich in the mining industry. This country has deposits of all types of resources, except oil, gas and bauxite. According to statistics, it is in South Africa that about 40% of the continent’s total exports are produced.

South Africa is recognized not only on the African continent. This republic ranks first in the world in gold mining and second in diamond mining.

The manufacturing industry is in its infancy, but it is most developed in South Africa.

Industry Agriculture ranks second in the African economy. The agricultural sector is represented by tropical and subtropical agriculture. The main part of the products is exported. Thus, the African continent exports 60% of the total volume of cocoa beans. Africa also exports peanuts in the amount of 27% of the world's total, coffee - 22% and olives - 16% of the total.

Peanut cultivation is concentrated in Senegal, greatest number coffee is grown in Ethiopia, and the Republic of Ghana is popular for large volumes of growing and harvesting cocoa beans.

Livestock farming in the countries of the African continent is very poorly developed due to water shortages and the spread of a disease dangerous to livestock, spread by tsetse flies.

Features of the African continent

Features of African countries:

The richest states of the African continent

The development of a country is determined by two criteria:

Availability of minerals.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

The richest countries in Africa:

These islands are part of Africa, although indirectly they are located 1,600 kilometers from the coast of the continent. Seychelles is a very popular destination among tourists, so the country's main income is tourism.

The GDP per capita level is 24,837 USD.

GDP - 18,387 USD.

Botswana is located in the southern part of the mainland. Despite the fact that more than 70% of the country's area is occupied by the Kalahari Desert, Botswana is distinguished by large deposits of many mineral resources.

The bulk of GDP comes from the export of diamonds. GDP level - 15,450 USD.

Gabon. This country known in Africa for the extraction of oil, gas, manganese and uranium.

GDP is equal to 14,860 USD.

Tourism is very well developed on this island. But this is not the country's only income. GDP is provided by the production of sugar and textiles.

The GDP level is 13,214 USD.

SOUTH AFRICA. This republic is the only African state recognized as developed. The remaining countries of this continent are classified as developing. South Africa has established itself as an exporter of food, equipment and cars. South Africa also exports to large quantities oil, gas, diamonds, platinum, gold and chemicals.

South Africa is the only one on the continent that is not a third world country.

GDP - 10,505 USD.

- one of the few countries that managed to enter the world market and take a leading position in the agricultural sector there. In addition to agricultural products, Tunisia exports oil. Half of GDP is generated by the tourism industry.

GDP level - 9488 USD.

is a country in North Africa, best known as a global exporter of oil and gas.

The GDP indicator is 7103 USD.

. This state is known for its development of copper, gold, lead and tin.

GDP level - 6945 USD.

The continent occupies 1/5 of the landmass of the globe and is inferior in size. Population - over 600 million people. There are currently more than 50 sovereign states, most of which were colonies until the mid-20th century.

European colonization began in this region in the 16th century. Ceuta and Melilla - rich cities in (in the territory of) the end points of the trans-Saharan trade route - were the first Spanish colonies. Next, mainly the West Coast of Africa was colonized. By the beginning of the 20th century. the “dark continent” had already been divided by the imperialist powers into dozens of colonies (see atlases of the New and Recent history 9,10,11 grades high school).

Almost all African states are classified according to typology into the group. The exception is the only economically developed state on the continent - the Republic of South Africa.

The success of the struggle of African states to strengthen political and economic independence depends to a very large extent on which political forces are in power.

In 1963, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) was created. Its goals are to promote the strengthening of the unity and cooperation of the states of the continent, to protect their sovereignty, and to fight against all forms of neo-colonialism.

Another influential organization is the League of Arab States (LAS), formed in 1945. It includes Arab countries North Africa and countries. The League advocates strengthening the economic and political cooperation Arab peoples.

Most African countries went from the era of wars of independence to the era of civil wars and interethnic conflicts. In many African countries over the years of independent development general rule became a privileged position ethnic group, whose representatives were in power. Hence there are many interethnic conflicts in the countries of this region.

Civil wars continued for about 20 years in Angola and Mozambique; For many years, war, devastation and famine have reigned in Somalia. For more than 10 years, the interethnic interfaith conflict in Sudan (between the Muslim North and adherents of Christianity and traditional beliefs in the south of the country) has not stopped. In 1993, there was a military coup in Burundi, and there is a civil war in Burundi and Rwanda. The conflict spread to neighboring states. Civil wars are not uncommon in (the first of the countries of “black Africa”, which gained independence back in 1847).

Democracy is not taking root - for 23 of the 30-odd years after gaining independence, the country lived under a military regime. In June 1993, democratic elections were held and immediately after that another military coup took place, all democratic institutions of power were again dissolved and banned political organizations, rallies and meetings.

Examples of the struggle for political power in Russia could be continued.

Nevertheless, there are practically no places left on the map of Africa where the problem of state independence has not been resolved. The exception is Western, which has still not acquired the status of an independent state, despite the 20-year struggle for liberation waged by the Polisario Front. In the near future, the UN intends to hold a referendum in the country - independence or joining Morocco?

The situation in Republic of South Africa, where there is a transition from “democracy for the minority” to non-racial principles of local and central control: the elimination of apartheid and the creation of a united, democratic and non-racial South Africa. For the first time, non-racial presidential elections were held. Mandela is elected as the first black president of South Africa. Ex-president- Frederik de Klerk joined the coalition cabinet. South Africa was restored (after 20 years of absence) as a member of the UN.

In conclusion, we note that for many African countries the transition to political pluralism and a multi-party system has become a great challenge. However, it is stability political processes in African countries is the main condition for their further economic development.

Africa
Option I
1. The state had the most possessions in Africa at the beginning of the 20th century:

2. Most African countries state structure are:
3.

4. Largest deposits oil and gas are available in:
1) Libya, Nigeria, Algeria, Egypt 2) Libya, Nigeria, Zaire, Zambia 3) Algeria, Libya, Congo, Namibia
5.

6. The population in Africa (as of 2004) was:
1) More than 600 million 2) more than 400 million 3) more than 800 million
7. Malagasy live in the territory:

8.

9. In the global market, Africa stands out for its industry:

10 In terms of gold production, 1st place in the world is occupied by:
1) Congo 2) Egypt 3) South Africa
11.

The leading sector of agriculture is:

12. Main area of drought and desertification in Africa:
1) hylea 2) Sahel 3) selva
13. The state ranks 1st in the world in terms of maritime cargo turnover:

Africa
Option II

2. In the world market, Africa stands out for its industry:
1) mining 2) mechanical engineering 3) chemical
4.

Over 70% of Africa's territory is occupied by:
1) mountains 2) lowlands 3) plateaus, plateaus, highlands
5. The state had the most possessions in Africa at the beginning of the 20th century:
1) Great Britain 2) France 3) Germany
6. Most African countries by government structure are:
1) federal 2) monarchies 3) unitary
7. Federal countries include:
1) Nigeria, South Africa, Algeria 2) Nigeria, South Africa.

Ethiopia 3) Ethiopia, South Africa, Egypt
8. Monarchies of Africa:
1) Lessoto, Morocco, Swaziland 2) Morocco, Swaziland, Zambia 3) Swaziland, Lessoto, Liberia
9.

The “Copper Belt” is located on the territory of the states:
1) Zaire (Congo), South Africa 2) South Africa, Zambia 3) Zaire (Congo), Zambia
11. Most of all national parks located on:
1) south and east 2) south and west 3) north and east
12.

The population in Africa (as of 2004) was:
1) more than 600 million 2) more than 400 million 3) more than 800 million
13. Malagasy people live in the territory:
1) South Africa 2) Nigeria 3) Madagascar
14. The largest oil and gas fields are located in:
1) Libya, Nigeria, Algeria, Egypt 2) Libya, Nigeria, Zaire, Zambia
3) Algeria, Libya, Congo, Namibia
15.

The southern part of the mainland is inhabited by:
1) Arabs 2) Bushmen and Hottentots 3) Boers
16. Dutch settlers in Africa are called:
1) Boers 2) Bushmen 3) Creoles
17. Main area of drought and desertification in Africa:
1) hylea 2) Sahel 3) selva
18.

In terms of gold production, 1st place in the world is occupied by:
1) Congo 2) Egypt 3) South Africa
19. The leading sector of agriculture is:
1) crop farming 2) livestock farming
20. The state ranks 1st in the world in terms of maritime cargo turnover:
1) Liberia 2) Egypt 3) Senegal

Republic of South Africa / Constitutional foundations, characteristics of the form of government

The country has a constitution of 1996 (came into force in 1997). The procedure for amending it depends on the chapter in which the amendment is being made.

So, to change ch.

To edit other articles, the majority in the National Assembly must be 2/3 of the votes. Since the adoption of the constitution, 14 amendments have been made to it.

The Constitution guarantees equal voting rights(active and passive), freedom of political associations, freedom of speech and press, inviolability of private property, etc.

According to the constitution, the main document that enumerates the main principles relating to human rights is the Bill of Rights.

According to it, rights are divided into several categories: universal human and civil rights, rights in the sphere of relations between a citizen and the state, environmental rights.

The form of government cannot be characterized unambiguously as either parliamentary or presidential: on the one hand, the president has a real political power, on the other hand, he is elected by parliament and resigns in the event of the latter’s self-dissolution, which does not allow us to talk about a certain autonomy of the branches of power characteristic of a presidential republic.

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Countries of the world
Africa
South Africa
- Year of formation
- Geographical location, area, borders
- Population
- Human Development Index 1980–2012
- Language(s)
- Historical sketch of political traditions
- From the origins of statehood to the end of the Boer War
- The formation and development of apartheid
- Dismantling apartheid and transition to democracy
- Constitutional foundations, characteristics of the form of government
- Separation and interaction of various branches of government
- Features of the executive branch
- Heads of state (presidents) 1961–2014
- Heads of government (prime ministers, after the proclamation of the republic) in 1958–1984
- Features of the Legislative Branch
- Features of the judiciary
- Territorial-state structure
- Local government and self-government
- External influences on the formation and functioning of political institutions
- Internal conflicts and splits
- Official ideology, ideological schisms and conflicts
- Religion and the state, the role of religion in politics
- Features of the party system
- Representation political parties in the National Assembly based on the results general elections 2004
- Political role of the military/security forces
- NGOs, corporate components political system, interest groups and pressure groups
- Position and role of the media
- South Africa's ranking on the Press Freedom Index, 2002–2012
- Gender equality/inequality
- National economy in the context of the world economy
- Main economic indicators in 1990–2010
- South Africa's GDP structure, according to World Bank in 2011
- Weight in the world economy 1990–2006
- Resources of influence on international environment and international processes
- Military spending 1990–2010
- Participation in international organizations and regimes, main foreign policy counterparties and partners, relations with Russia
- External and internal threats to state security
- South Africa's ranking on the Corruption Perceptions Index, 1995–2012
- Placement of the country's territory in a zone increased danger natural Disasters
- Economic threats
- Threats to human security

Union (trade union, trade union) is a form government structure, in which the federal state is public education with legally defined political independence.
Federal device design:

Austria 2. Australia.

3. Argentina. 4. Belgium 5. Bosnia and Herzegovina 6. Germany 7. Russia 8. Switzerland 9. Serbia 10. Canada 11. Mexico 12. USA 13. Argentina 14. Brazil 15. Venezuela 16. Nigeria 17. Nepal. 18. India 19. Malaysia 20. Federated States of Micronesia 21. Myanmar 22. United United Arab Emirates 23. Pakistan 24. Saint Kitts and Nevis 25. Sudan. 26. South Sudan 27. Somalia. 28. Ethiopia.
The rest of the countries are united.
United country- a form of government in which its parts are administrative-territorial units and do not have the status of a public entity.

Unlike the federation, single state, there are the highest powers state power, uniform for the whole country, a single legal system, a single constitution. Most countries are united.

Our resource is dedicated to tourism and travel, which is why maps of foreign cities and countries are so important for my readers. To avoid getting lost in a foreign city or country, visit our website! This article will provide you with map of africa, on which streets and houses are clearly visible. Simply put, here you will see an interactive map of Africa with cities directly from satellite in Russian!

Map of Africa from satellite

Everyone knows what Africa is, am I right? But anyway, I'll give you a little tour. Africa is located near the Mediterranean and Red Sea, a little to the south, in general. It also washes Africa from the west Atlantic Ocean, and from the east - Indian. We have all seen a world map or a globe at least once and should know that Africa is quite large continent. And so it is, in terms of area, it is the second continent in the world, after the giant Eurasia. There are as many as 55 states in Africa, of which 4 are not recognized and five are independent territories on islands. In both complexity, Africa is inhabited by about a billion people. Based on the generally accepted theory, Africa can be considered the progenitor of the human race, on this moment It was in Africa that the most ancient remains of early human ancestors were found.

Now let's talk about tourism in Africa. We all know that there is nothing better than exotic travel and Africa is just right for this purpose. Wonderful and unusual animals for our eyes, interesting and different people, a stunning and unusual climate - all this awaits you in Africa. If you have not yet decided which country you want to visit, then below I will give a list of African countries with a tourist analysis. Well, as always, according to tradition, with a bunch of maps, so that if you are already planning to go, you will not get lost in any case!

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