How to properly prepare for the exam in history. How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch: what materials you need to use and what you need to know

How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history?

G od will fly by unnoticed, and in your head there is only fragmentary knowledge about individual facts and names, so if you decide to take the Unified State Exam in history, you need serious preparation throughout the year. When starting to prepare, it is important to properly distribute time and energy from the very beginning.

Preparation should not consist of simply reading manuals or textbooks. We need not only theoretical preparation, which is sometimes lacking, but also practical - ability to perform specific examination tasks. And here the main help will be provided by standard Unified State Examination tasks, which are presented in abundance online and in bookstores. The most reliable option is to take materials from the official website of FIPI (http://www1.ege.edu.ru/), where they are posted demo options tests from previous years. You can also take a trial test online there.

Two preparation options can be offered.

First option.

Thoroughly study historical material on a specific historical period or one topic.

Preparation for each question should begin with an introductory (review) reading of the corresponding chapter or paragraph of the manual or textbook. Using reference literature, clarify the definitions of terms and write down mandatory dates on a separate sheet. Then you need to move on to a thorough study of the content of the manual: highlight individual thoughts and fragments with a pencil, highlight the most important things with various icons. If any issue is covered in the manual insufficiently or confusingly, then you should turn to other sources of information.

After such a deep acquaintance, it is best to create various tables, diagrams, maps. In any case, your notes should represent a consistent development of thought, and not a chaotic heap of extracts. They are best kept on separate sheets of paper with large margins (comments, corrections, additions, material for answering additional questions from examiners that are not included in the main text are placed on them). Using such a note, you can quickly reconstruct the content of the answer on the eve of the exam. In addition, writing a summary of the answer sharpens the logic of its construction, individual wording, teaches clarity of thought, and highlights gaps. And the material is remembered much better.

Second option.

Armed with textbooks and sample tests, you can begin preparing. You can make it a rule to work through one entire test every day, always checking your own options with the proposed answers.

And finally, before you choose the most suitable option for preparing for the Unified State Exam, I advise you to watch video consultations with a Ph.D. consultant. Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History of Pre-Revolutionary Russia, PetrSU Ruzhinskaya Irina Nikolaevna. Of the many different presentations, I especially liked these ones.

Experts do not advise schoolchildren to study university textbooks

The country has overcome the first - early - wave of the Unified State Exam and froze in horror before the next one - the main one. With the help of MK, a senior teacher at the Faculty of History of Moscow State University told 118 thousand applicants who chose this subject how to more effectively prepare for one of the most popular exams - history. Lomonosova, candidate of historical sciences, Olga Yumasheva.

— I’ll start, perhaps, with sedition. You need to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history not using university talmuds or aids for applicants, but using ordinary school textbooks! The reason is purely prosaic: only in school textbooks can you find answers to all Unified State Exam questions. And among them, I note, there are the most unexpected ones.

So, in this year’s Unified State Exam test there is a question: who wrote the musical work “The Flea”? (The choice of this very “Flea” and not “Ruslan and Lyudmila” or, say, “Boris Godunov” I leave to the conscience of the compilers test tasks). So, this is in the school textbook. But you may not find it in some universities. And there are many such examples.

Now about how to read the material. This should be done not for one topic of the textbook, but in blocks of 3-4 topics, since too few tasks are given for each topic. For example, block I: " Eastern Slavs in ancient times"; " Kievan Rus"; "Feudal fragmentation." Block II: “The Mongol-Tatar Yoke,” etc. And, so that nothing from what you read is “lost,” be sure to answer all the questions in the textbook. On their basis, Unified State Examination tasks are formed.

To "knock out" maximum quantity points for the simplest part “A” or the more detailed part “B”, you must definitely learn the dates. Moreover, in some cases not only a year, but also a month. For example, according to Patriotic War 1812. And it’s not just that there are a lot of questions in test part “A” on dates. Unified State Exam assignments in history are compiled in such a way that knowledge of at least one of the dates will allow you to guess even what you don’t know. For example, I saw in the task the years 1581, 1597, 1694 and based on one familiar date - say, 1597 - I guessed: yeah, we're talking about about the enslavement of peasants. And earned an extra point.

There are also geographical clues. Take, for example, the war of 1812 again. Everyone understands: Smolensk lies west of Moscow. This means that the order of battles with Napoleon’s troops is obvious. Well, if you absolutely know the answer to a question, use the method of elimination: first discard everything that definitely cannot be, and guess the rest. Just think! And use common sense.

Part “C” is a special discussion. It is considered creative, but many things here raise serious questions. For example, the sample task: “Compare the management system of the Old Russian state under the first princes Oleg and Igor and Yaroslav the Wise.” One of the correct answers to the question of what they had in common is considered to be “The capital of the state is in Kyiv.” Firstly, it simply may not come to mind. Secondly, this answer is not clear: Oleg just went to Kyiv. But to get an extra point, you have to answer this way. Therefore, without further ado, a lot of things just need to be memorized.

In principle, pass the Unified State Exam Russian history easily. Moreover, so much so that no individual tutors or lectures at school are needed for this. By by and large, this is a trick: a normal student can easily prepare himself. You just need to study not in last month or two - this inevitably dooms you to the very training that is so rightly criticized - and in advance. Better - during the entire last academic year. Then, without stress, you can read the entire history course the required number of times. Three or four is enough to get a high rating.

Oh, well that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11, you woke up a little late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.

First, you need to set yourself a score goal and work hard towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of 11th grade. My luggage was very small, mainly formed on the basis of the Russian course literature of the 19th century century and the work of Karamzin in the retelling of his father-historian. So you must sit down and clearly evaluate what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend, an applicant to a provincial law school, who didn’t try very hard, but he just needed to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.

1. Best tutorial for passing the Unified State Exam - this is the Moscow State University textbook on the history of Orlov and Georgiev. You can buy it almost anywhere and it is very convenient. We teach “theory” using it.

2. Then you need to buy benefits. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate manual for complex tasks. Take a book with CIMs and solve them, write part C in full in a specially kept notebook. It is advisable to find a teacher who can test them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get better at it.

3. Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully several times. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away for? I highly recommend finding materials for teachers checking the Unified State Exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of tasks completed for intermediate and high scores(Part C).

4. Buy manuals with pictures and maps. Most often asked about maps Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings. It is very desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I’m not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is imperative to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).

5. Keep tables. From largest battles World War II until the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I didn’t write and just circled the right places in the textbook because it’s easier for me.

6. If you want good score, don’t forget about culture. A lot of people miss it, especially those who are not preparing for the Unified State Exam in Literature. Feofan the Greek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot (!!!) of things here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.

7. Hang excerpts from your least favorite and difficult topics above the table. For me, these were all sorts of officials of the USSR (this question is very popular on the Unified State Exam) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.

8. Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly because there is so much information. I advise you to start with the most ancient one and end with Putin, it’s also advisable to learn him, you never know what they’ll come up with.

9. Find a friend and prepare together. It's fun and interesting, especially if your friend knows much more than you.

It's becoming more and more common topical issue– what do you need to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history? After all, this is not such an easy subject as it might seem at first glance. It’s very easy to get confused about events and dates. And the exam in this subject requires good preparation. How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History, what methods will be the most effective and efficient? Moreover, many do not even know where to start. But with great diligence, you can cope with any difficult task.

Quite often situations arise when you have 1–2 years to prepare for an exam, but your head on a historical topic is empty. It is very difficult for teenagers to decide where they want to go, and they often decide at the last moment. It seems that preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch is unrealistic. But that's not true. The question is the effort put into it.

Test part

First, you need to know the dates. But it is very difficult to remember them all. There is an option that will help make this task easier.

It is easy to confuse which of the proposed events happened first. For effective memorization dates and events need associations. For example, you teach the 11th century. First remember all the rulers of this century in order: Vladimir, Svyatopolk the Accursed, etc. Then learn the events that occurred during their reign. This way it will be easier to remember that baptism took place earlier than the composition of the Russian Truth, because Vladimir ruled earlier.

Contemporaries of rulers should be remembered using the same principle. For example, Metropolitan Macarius was a contemporary of Ivan the Terrible, and Patriarch Nikon was a contemporary of Alexei Mikhailovich. If you memorize a subject using this technique, you will easily pass not only the test, but it will also help you in other tasks.

Secondly, it is necessary to study cartography. Omitting this point is an unforgivable mistake. Because of it, you can lose a lot of points on the Unified State Exam. Cartography is especially necessary for those who prioritize self-study.

What's the best way to teach cartography? For example, you repeat the period of activity of a ruler. At the same time, look at all the described actions on the cards:

how the territory of the state changed;
with whom did he fight?
what kind of trips he took;
troop movements during battles.

Pay special attention to the last point when studying important historical battles, for example, the Battle of Borodino.

Thirdly, do not lose sight of cultural studies and terminology. Questions about terms often appear in assignments.

Tasks B

To cope with the tasks from Part 2, you need to read a lot, especially if you are starting to prepare from scratch. Moreover, it is advisable to read not school textbooks, but special manuals for applicants or, even better, monographs.

Also in the 2nd part there are tasks where you will need to write arguments to confirm or refute a position regarding a certain situation.

To prepare for this type of assignment, group classes and discussion of debatable issues are ideal. This is not a problem for schoolchildren. Surely they have additional classes to prepare for the Unified State Exam. But what about people who are no longer in school? On the Internet you can find a website with courses for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history. In most cases, you can choose to study in a group or individual lessons. Even a short visit to such courses will give an impetus to your studies. But you need to be careful on the Internet. Before contacting a company, read reviews about it.

Tasks C

One of the most difficult tasks in the exam is the essay. What does it take to cope with it with dignity? It will be necessary to describe the historical event, its causes and consequences. To write an essay well, you only need knowledge of dates, events, rulers, i.e., what was mentioned above.

When writing, do not go to extremes. For example, avoid phrases like this: “Stalin was an oppressive tyrant.”

Pay attention! Some students who are unsure of their abilities refuse to write an essay. Never do this! Even if you are not very well prepared, you have a chance to get at least 1 point, which can be decisive.

Useful video: preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch

Self-preparation

Not everyone is lucky with history teachers. Usually people who, for certain reasons, are not tired of preparing for the Unified State Exam in history according to the program school teacher, place great emphasis on independent study. Fortunately, in modern world it's not a problem. There are many websites for preparing for the Unified State Exam, you can download or buy necessary materials, you can watch educational films at any time.

To get started, be sure to purchase a preparation book with trial options. It is necessary to solve them not only to improve the quality of knowledge, but also in order to improve your skills and not get confused during the exam.

Then it is important to select textbooks of various difficulty levels. Below are options with examples.

School textbooks. If you are preparing from scratch, first master the school curriculum.
Reference books: Orlova, Barabanova, Kavtsy.
University textbooks: Sakharova, Pavlenko.
Diagrams and tables: Kirillova, Orlova.
Atlases "Bustard" for the school curriculum.

Of course, these are not the only materials that exist. But they have helped more than one generation pass the Unified State Exam, and they have the most positive reviews.

Preparation materials are also available on the Internet. This could be online tests, theory, videos, help in preparing for an essay.

Some sites for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history:

egevmeste.ru,
hist-ege.ru,
examer.ru.

In addition to websites on the Internet, there are various applications for your phone. Thus, online training allows you to train anywhere and anytime.

Almost always, when studying intensively, a little relaxation is needed. You can find many historical films on YouTube. The brain will be able to rest a little, but at the same time many facts will remain in memory. It is better to choose documentaries because they have much more authenticity. And don't think they are boring. If you love history, you will find them very interesting. As an example - documentary on YouTube “History of the Russian State”.

Important! Historical films for preparation should only be a supplement to the theory you have already learned. Those who are particularly lazy and decide to prepare for the exam only using films will fail: too many facts require memorization.

Website egevmeste.ru

Some tips on how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History more effectively.

Take notes using the following table:

For a great way to remember dates, write them on pieces of paper and hang them around the house.

When you solve tests, look at the meaning of all terms that you do not know, descriptions of events, dates. In other words, gradually fill in the gaps.

Buy an atlas from contour maps and complete tasks based on them. After good study, the material is remembered better.

Effective preparation for any subject: Scientists have proven that a subject is best learned when you teach it. Ask a friend or family member to help you and be a listening ear. Explain the material to him, especially your weak topics. Over time, you will realize that you understand the subject much better.

How not to miss anything

Almost all students, when starting to prepare, spend the most time ancient period. This is explained by the fact that at first people take on something with enthusiasm. But then it gradually subsides. Or, as in the case of preparing for an exam, there is no longer enough time. Then passing the history will be problematic.

In fact, you need to spend more time on the Middle Ages and Soviet times, because you will have to learn much more information about them.

Before starting classes, review trial options Unified State Examination and note what topics are found there. Then start analyzing them in detail. But don’t learn everything by simple rote learning. Everything requires associations and understanding of meaning. With associative learning, it is easier to remember something or build a logical chain.

Before you make a preparation plan for the Unified State Exam in History, you need to do several things:

The last point may seem strange. Everyone has one goal - to pass the Unified State Exam. But for some, 40 points will be enough, while others need 99.

It's best to make a plan with a clear chronological order. But don't forget the tips described above.

What exactly in history do you need to know to pass the exam? There is no answer to this question. Anything can come up: questions on the chronology of historical events, historical terminology, cultural history. You will be tested on your ability to analyze historical events, work with the information presented in different types, argue your point of view.

Useful video: where to start preparing for the Unified State Exam in history

Conclusion

All that is required is to study regularly and hard, and you already know how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History. These words may seem funny to some, but don’t worry too much during the exam. Panic can derail even a child prodigy.

Instructions

Purchase additional literature to prepare for the Unified State Exam. Don't buy the first textbooks you come across. It’s better to carefully study them in the store - whether the information is in clear language, what year of issue you are holding in your hands, whether the authors clearly explain the solution, whether all the material is collected in the book. Only after the manual satisfies all your requirements, feel free to buy it.

Solve the suggested tests daily. You may come across some familiar questions and you will be able to answer them with ease. When analyzing your answers, focus on the incorrect ones. Don’t be lazy to work on your mistakes so you don’t make them again. Memorize dates, definitions, facts - you will definitely remember them at the Unified State Exam. If for some reason you have not studied for several days, try to repeat the material you have already covered, at least briefly, to “refresh” the information in your memory.

Make cheat sheets. It’s not a fact that you will take them with you on. But you will remember what you wrote down. Write down the dates that will definitely appear in the tests. Don't forget to add your names famous people who contributed to history. Pay special attention to definitions, since Part B focuses on terms. Part C suggests more of an answer. Therefore, read as much as possible to be able to navigate, even if you come across a difficult question.

During the year, try to participate in school competitions in science - this will be a wonderful help for passing the Unified State Examination in the subject with excellent marks. Don’t be lazy to visit the library if you don’t have some material at home.

Video on the topic

Sources:

pass the exam for 100

Admission to university is just around the corner - it's time to think about exams. There is a lot of competition in your specialty, and it is advisable to pass all subjects with the highest scores. Among these subjects is also history, but somehow you are not friends with it. How to quickly learn all the huge amount of information required to pass the history exam?

You will need

Go to a bookstore and try to just read history books. It is enough to read one page to understand how clearly the author presents the material. Also arm yourself with a couple of special test guides.

Instructions

Despite the huge volume of material, the exam is the same as the others, and the exam itself is just a small obstacle that must be overcome in order to achieve the goal. Don't panic. History, like the Unified State Exam in general, is not as scary as it seems, no matter what they say.

History is not just a collection of facts that need to be memorized. She is very logical. Of course, names, dates, names of princes and emperors will simply have to be learned, but otherwise everything can be divided into blocks, which will make learning much easier. For example: politics, social sphere, culture, war.

In each point of each paragraph of the textbook there are a couple of important facts and there are details, often unnecessary and confusing, or presented in such a way that it is simply impossible to remember them. Forget about them for a while. Imagine that soon New Year and that you assemble and decorate an artificial Christmas tree. First you need to assemble the tree itself, i.e. attach the “paws” to the “trunk”, then wrap it in a garland of light bulbs, and only after that hang the toys. So: do not try to hang toys if the tree has not yet been assembled! The period of the reign of Alexander II, for example, was all about the abolition of serfdom, judicial, zemstvo and military reform, and then the number of attempts on his life and the construction of the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood on the spot where he was mortally wounded.

Useful advice

Talk to those who took the Unified State Exam in history last year. What were the questions that they found difficult?
Make contact with your history teacher. He works to help you. Surely he knows and can recommend good teaching aids.
If the story doesn't give in to your mercy, talk to your parents about a tutor. It’s better to spend money on a tutor than to go to university next year or choose less prestigious university.

Perhaps every university teacher dreams of students who study diligently throughout the academic year. However, today's youth often do not take their studies so seriously, leaving more time for hanging out with friends and playing on the computer. Therefore, in preparation for oral exams Many students and pupils usually prepare in a hurry. Even if you don't have much time left before exams, you can organize your time properly if you want.

Instructions

The first thing you need to pass with flying colors is proper preparation. Choose a system that suits you and stick to your schedule. When looking through tickets, try to deal with the most difficult questions first, leaving for last what you are familiar with.

One of the most common student mistakes is planning the preparation process. Most students are divided into equal parts before the exam, working on the tickets sequentially, from the first to the last. But while you are on the last tickets, the previously covered material may completely fly out of your head. Therefore, try to first learn all the C grade tickets. After this, you can memorize the same tickets more thoroughly. And finally, study all the questions thoroughly. This multi-step work will help you pass the exam.

Before you manage the money left before the exam, make yourself a clear plan of action, find out whether you are a night owl or a lark. Based on this, you can better plan your time. Don't forget to take short breaks. Long work can tire you and discourage you from working further. The usefulness of cheat sheets can be debated. But the fact that you can learn the material with their help is a fact. While you are copying the information onto a cheat sheet, you are choosing and storing in your head the most important facts and formulas. Even if you don’t use any of the cheat sheets, they will help you better prepare for the exam.

Learn to relax properly. If, while studying for an exam, you feel afraid of the upcoming test, step away from the table and take a few deep breaths. Do not sit down at the table until you are completely calm. Instead of coffee and energy drinks, drink better herbal teas. They tone up no worse.

Don't be dramatic. Instead of repeating on the way to the audience that you are nothing (even if this is true), it is better to assure yourself of the opposite. On the way to the exam site, better study the material you are familiar with. This way you will cheer yourself up psychologically.

Be confident. Even if the ticket is not familiar to you, be calm. Sit and think, try to read the ticket completely and make a plan for your answer. Soberly assess your capabilities, allocating a certain period of time to each question. Try to stick to this schedule. Start with the easiest tasks first. When you go out to answer the ticket, don’t lower your eyes to the floor. Be confident and don't hesitate. Even if you can’t answer a question exactly, think about it and maybe it will pop into your head.

Sources:

how to pass the exam perfectly in 2019

Each of us has been tested at least once in our lives. Regardless of the importance and significance of the test, any person experiences a certain amount of anxiety and fear when writing it. You can cope with it, the main thing is to have the right mindset and follow the basic rules when taking it.

Instructions

If you think about it, it turns out that schools give pretty good information about preparing for passing the Unified State Exam. They basically consist of the following: stay at home and study, study and study again. But from overload it can happen like nervous breakdown, and overwork, which is equally undesirable to experience before an exam. It's better to prepare, but in advance.

Preliminary preparation should begin about a year in advance. I mean for academic year. As soon as the first of September has passed, you can immediately begin your search. The safest thing to do is to seek the help of those who teach at. Such people have much more experience, plus they can suggest some “tricks” that will help when passing the exam. Again, the presence of recommendations plays an important role. When someone “from the outside” comes, you have to take his word for it. But in fact, it is not known what kind of teacher he is and how he teaches.

It takes practice. The more tests solved, the more prepared you will be. While working with the test, the memorization mechanism is triggered. Don't hesitate to work on mistakes. Carefully examine what you might have done wrong, then decide this test again. If necessary, do it again. And so on until there is not a single error in the entire test.

Naturally it should be self-study subject. Stable repetition of rules, laws, formulas. All this will not be superfluous. How great the desire is, so much effort will be exerted.

Video on the topic

Some people find it very difficult to pass exams. This is due to the stress that always accompanies a session, as well as a lot of tension. Take note of some features of preparing for the exam and behavior during it.

You will need

1. Self-confidence
2. Good sleep
3. Average speed speeches

Instructions

Get a good night's sleep before the exam. It doesn't matter whether you have learned all the questions or not. You should come to the exam cheerful and rested. In addition, try to get enough sleep during the session, because memory work is directly related to regular good sleep.

Come to the exam early. First, you choose yourself best place in the audience. Secondly, you won't have to wait long for others to take the exam. This way you will avoid unnecessary stressful situations.

Come to the exam in comfortable clothes. You should not be distracted by thoughts of cold or heat. Clothing should be comfortable and appropriate for the season. Also, try to come to the exam wearing clothes that differ from your everyday clothes. This will show respect for your teacher.

Answer confidently. Remember that communication is extremely important in relationships, so your confidence will rub off on the examiner. A confident presentation of knowledge will tell the examiner that you have been preparing for the exam for a long time and can confirm yours with a source.

Avoid monotony. The speed of your speech should be average - not too slow, so as not to dull the teacher’s attention, but not too fast, which makes it difficult to understand the speech. Avoid pauses to prevent the teacher from asking leading questions or questions that are not at all related to the topic.

Pay attention to gestures, because some of them say more than any words. When answering the examiner, under no circumstances should you scratch the back of your head, neck, eyebrows, or put your hands to your lips and cheeks. All these gestures indicate that he either doubts what he is talking about or does not, and is trying to improvise.

Sources:

“Record books on the table! Or a three-step session", Sacker Green, 2008.
how to pass the exam for 100

Unified State Exam- perhaps one of the most mystified and serious tests in a student’s life. The number of “horror stories” that frighten students from year to year is increasing every year, and the test itself is becoming more predictable and easier to prepare. If you want to hand over Unified State Exam"excellent", you have this opportunity, even if you have not studied all 11 years with excellent marks and even if you only have 4-5 months left. And here's how to do it.

Instructions

Buy all the test books you can find. Fortunately for students, test makers don't worry too much about question variety. Therefore, to get an “excellent” grade, you only need to know exactly what they ask you. If you solve 3-5 books in one subject, your chances of passing in seventy are quite real.

Look for additional tests on the Internet. Not everything can be found in the store; you can also find many options on the Internet. Like - it's either photographed former generations real tests, or compiled by professionals and somehow found themselves online.

Train your memory. If you have to memorize a lot of terms or dates, then the easiest way is to either find associations with these things and simply memorize them. The second option will most likely provide you with a complete loss of information after some time.