Ramadan (among the Turkic peoples - Uraza) according to the synodic calendar, falls on the 9th lunar month, its beginning shifts annually by approximately 10 days. Muslim believers show exceptional perseverance and devotion to Allah, fasting despite the heat.

Ancient Origins of Ramadan

The first mention of the Muslim holiday dates back to 610; it is a mandatory fast that strictly prohibits drinking, eating, and smoking during the daytime. It is prescribed to get up before sunrise, read prayer - the morning adhan, take ablutions and food, and eat and drink a second time only after dark, after the evening adhan.

Every day Muslims must repeat the intention (niyat): “I am going to fast Ramadan in the name of Allah.” Collective prayers are performed even at night.

Ramadan 2017 is spent in prayers, studying the Koran, refusing temptations. It is believed that only a person with pure thoughts overcomes the test; a Muslim who allows himself at least a small relaxation from strict prohibitions is considered to have failed the fast.

Holy month accompanied by in-depth study of the Koran, distribution of obligatory and voluntary alms. The souls of believers during this period are purified, which has a beneficial effect on later life.

Strict prohibitions and permitted actions for Ramadan

There is a list of restrictions and permissions prescribed for observance for the month of Ramadan 2017; they are compiled for the sole purpose of explaining the rules to believers in order to avoid their unintentional violation. So, during daylight hours it is prohibited:

• not pronouncing intention - niyata;
• conscious acceptance of drinking and eating;
• smoking;
• sexual intercourse, masturbation;
• swallowing phlegm.

Do not break the fast:

• injections, blood donation;
• bathing (without getting water into your mouth);
• kisses;
• swallowing saliva;
• involuntary vomiting;
• brushing teeth;
• failure to perform prayers.

Persons entitled to exemption from the Ramadan fast

Muslim canons strictly regulate deviations from the rules. Ramadan 2017, the beginning of fasting should be meaningful, the believer should be fully aware of the difficult period ahead. Strict rules are not enforced by children, pregnant and nursing mothers, the sick, the elderly and travelers; they are encouraged to feed the poor and give alms.

Ramadan 2017 – beginning and end

Muslims fast every year on a different date. The phase of the moon determines what date Ramadan 2017 will begin; according to the Islamic calendar, it will be on May 27th, and its end will be on June 25th. The final 10 days are the most important; this is a time of especially fervent prayers. Following the example of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims retire to the mosque for 10 days, waiting for the night of Laylatul-Qadr (predestination), read the Koran and pray to Allah for the forgiveness of sins.

With the onset of the new month of Shawal, when Ramadan ends, Eid al-Fitr () is celebrated. This is one of the main holidays of Islam; it is greeted with the solemn prayer of Eid-namaz, which takes place in an open square with a crowd of large quantity people. All those present congratulate each other, thank Allah for allowing them to pass the test, regret the end of the fast, generously give out alms in money or dry food, accompanying the donations with the words “Eid Mubarak” (Blessed Holiday). People worship Islam, a religion that is based on moderation, kindness, and fortitude. The fun continues with family and friends at a generous table.

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Fasting Ramadan is a holy holiday in Islam, lasting a whole month. This is the ninth month in the Islamic calendar. It received its name in honor of the sacred month of the calendar.

Let's figure out what this sacred holiday is and why it is so important for its believers. Ramadan is famous throughout the world because, according to tradition, it is spent in strict fasting and prayer. Fasting means abstaining from food, drink, entertainment and bad thoughts, and leading the believer in thought and prayer.

This holiday helps a person get closer to God. Rapprochement occurs through several types of cleansing:

Physical, which involves restricting food and drink intake.
Spiritually, while fasting, entertainment, pleasure, sex, and thoughts about sinful deeds are prohibited.

The main meaning of this holiday and compliance with all restrictions is the opportunity to show loyalty to Allah and pacify the negative qualities in a person that push him to commit evil. It is believed that by limiting oneself in the joys of life, a person has time to think about his evil and insidious actions committed over the year, which entail everything negative in his life.

It is worth noting that Ramadan does not coincide with other sacred holidays. Its onset is strictly due to the fact that the Islamic calendar is lunar, and all months begin from the moment of the new moon. Since Islam is a world religion, the timing of Ramadan is different countries will take place differently, with the appearance of the moon.

What is prohibited to do during Ramadan:

With the onset of Ramadan, conscious consumption of food and drink during the day, smoking of various tobaccos, including hookahs, are prohibited, and quenching sexual thirst is strictly prohibited.

What is allowed to do during Ramadan:

During Ramadan, unconscious eating, kissing, caresses that will not lead to ejaculation, bathing and brushing teeth, donating blood, and involuntary vomiting are allowed.

Muslims are sure that during Ramadan the importance of performing good deeds and pilgrimage increases 700 times. During this month, the shaitan is chained, and good deeds reach Allah faster and better. At this time, Muslims approach prayers more responsibly than usual, read the holy book of the Koran, do good deeds, give donations to the poor and distribute obligatory alms.

While fasting, it is obligatory to pay alms (zakat al-filter). This payment is obligatory for Muslims and has precise measurement. The alms amount is 1 saa. Saa is a unit of weight equal to 3500 g. different cities Various products are used for donation. So in Europe they pay zakat al-filter with wheat and barley, in the Middle East with dates, in Southeast Asia with rice.

How to eat during Ramadan:

The basis of fasting in Ramadan is quite simple; you should not consume food or water while the sun is shining in the sky. The morning meal - suhoor - should be eaten until the sun appears in the sky. The evening reception (iftar) can begin only when the sun disappears behind the sky. The meal usually starts with dates and water. Before eating, it is obligatory to read a prayer.

And of course, a prerequisite for fasting is niyat (intention) to commit it. It manifests itself in reading prayers and performing rituals. The intention is pronounced every day between night and morning prayers.

Who may be exempt from fasting during Ramadan:

Fasting is mandatory, but certain categories of people may be exempt from the strict conditions of saum. Minors and people with mental disabilities are exempt from fasting. If a believer goes on a trip, he begins to fast upon his return. Pregnant women, women breastfeeding children, and menstruating women are also exempt. Elderly people who cannot control their food prepare food for the poor.

Breaking the fast in Ramadan and its consequences.

It may happen that a believer breaks his Saum due to a serious illness or due to Haida (menstruation). In this case, the believer can rehabilitate himself before Allah, and he must fast for one day until the next Ramadan, or must give a certain amount to the poor. If a believer has sexual intercourse during the daytime, he must compensate for this violation with six ten days of continuous fasting, or feed sixty poor people. Breaking fasting without a good reason is considered a sin.

End of Ramadan

The last ten days of fasting are the most important for Muslims. Many of them follow the example of Muhammad and retire to say prayers. To do this, they hide in the mosque.

Glorious holiday of Ramadan

After the end of the restrictions, Ramadan ends, three days of holiday begin, which are accompanied by breaking the fast. The first day is considered a non-working day, and schools can have holidays for all three days.

Cohabitation of several religions and conditions for non-fasters
It should also be noted that during Ramadan, for people who do not fast, out of respect for Muslims, it is not advisable to ostentatiously eat food in the daytime, smoke, chew gum, or play loud music in public places. This unspoken rule also exists in countries with mixed religions, for example in Israel, as well as in cities where Arabs and Jews live together.

Ramadan 2019: when

In 2019, Ramadan begins from May 5 to June 3. It should be noted that people await the onset of this holiday with impatience and reverence, because Ramadan is not just a great holiday, but a personal miracle of the soul and body of every Muslim.

The month of Ramadan (Ramadan) is one of the most revered among Muslims and requires strict fasting. Ramadan begins in the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar.

Ramadan is part of the lunar calendar and is considered to begin with the appearance of the moon. Lunar calendar is 11 days shorter Gregorian calendar, so every year Ramadan begins 11 days earlier than the previous year.

When does fasting in Ramadan begin and end?

According to astronomical calculations, in 2018, the first day of Muslim fasting in the month of Ramadan will fall on May 16 and will last until June 14.

In some Muslim countries, the first day of Ramadan is determined by astronomical calculations, and in others, by direct observation of the Moon or the testimony of authoritative Muslim theologians. Islam allows both possibilities, and therefore the start date of the religious holiday may differ in different countries.

How to fast in Ramadan

Fasting (Uraza) in Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam - so important that Muslims believe: for those who did not manage to make up for the missed days of fasting before their death, their guardian (or descendants) must compensate, for they have an unpaid debt. To Allah. Fasting allows every Muslim to strengthen his faith and self-discipline, strictly following the orders of Allah.

From dawn to sunset, the fasting person abstains from all types of breaking the fast (eating, drinking, smoking, sexual intercourse, etc.) and strives to preserve his tongue from foul language, and his soul from unclean thoughts.

At sunset, Muslims break their fast. The evening ritual of breaking the fast is called iftar; The evening breaking of the fast is a blessed time, so they try to invite relatives, close friends and neighbors to it, and it is believed that a Muslim who organizes a treat can count on forgiveness of sins and a place in heaven. Often a mullah is invited to iftar.

© Sputnik / Vladimir Pesnya

In many countries, iftar is served in mosques and is prepared by the believers themselves so that they can enjoy the treats together.

Only pregnant and lactating women, seriously ill people, children, people who are engaged in hard work or are on the road at this time, and soldiers who participate in hostilities are allowed not to fast during Ramadan. However, these reasons do not completely exempt them from fasting; it will need to be observed at another time.

Muslims all over the world prepare for Ramadan long before its onset: women stock up on food and groceries, men are busy buying gifts to celebrate the holiday.

During Ramadan, Muslims spend most of their time reading the Quran and remembering Allah (dhikr). In addition to the daily five prayers, every night of fasting an additional prayer-namaz (taraweeh) is performed after the fifth prayer.

Muslims believe that Allah can forgive a person's sins if he spends time reading prayers and doing godly deeds, such as helping those in need and donating funds to charity. According to legend, Allah also frees a certain number of souls of the dead from hell.

© Sputnik / Artem Kreminsky

During Ramadan, Muslims are required to generously give sadaqa (voluntary donations) and zakat (obligatory charity). Sadaqah does not necessarily mean giving money. This can be a good deed - for example, helping a neighbor - an act that a believer does in the name of Allah, thus not expecting reward from the person he helped.

It is the duty of every Muslim to make a small contribution, called Zakat-ul-Fitr, before the end of Ramadan. The money collected goes to the poorest and most needy so that they, along with everyone else, can take part in the celebrations of breaking the fast of Eid al-Fitr. Most Muslims give zakat generously during Ramadan because they believe that the reward for it increases during this month.

© Sputnik / Maxim Bogodvid

The first ten days of the month personify the acceptance of the mercy of the Almighty, the second - cleansing from sin, and the third marks salvation from Gehenna.

The night of the 27th is considered especially important in the month of Ramadan - “Laylat al-qadr” (“night of power” or “night of predestination”), when Allah decides the fate of people.

The last ten days of Ramadan are the holiest, so Muslims are even more diligent in their acts of worship. These days, many men perform itikaf (spiritual retreat), spending this time in the mosque.

Completion of Ramadan

The end of Ramadan and fasting is marked by the second most important Muslim holiday - Eid al-Fitr (translated from Arabic as the holiday of breaking the fast; in Turkic - Eid al-Fitr), which begins at sunset on the last day of Ramadan and continues on the 1st and 2nd the 1st day of the next month of Shawwal.

© Sputnik / Ilya Pitalev

It begins with reading a prayer-namaz under the guidance of an imam. After completing the prayer, the imam asks Allah to accept the fast, forgive sins and give prosperity. Next, they begin a festive meal and distribute alms to the poor, and also visit the graves of their ancestors. Joint prayers and sermons are often followed by various festivities: children take part in games, sweets are distributed to everyone, theater performs on the streets, and songs and joyful cries are heard everywhere.

During Ramadan in Muslim countries, business activity noticeably decreases, working hours decrease, and religious sentiments intensify; everyday life shifts to evening and night time.

The material is compiled from open sources.

Among all Muslim holidays, Bayram is one of the most important.

Its other name, common among believers, is Eid al-Fitr. It is celebrated for three whole days a month, called Shawwal in Arabic, and marks the end of the Ramadan fast. That is why it is also called Ramadan Bayram. We will talk more about this holiday below.

Establishment of a holiday

According to Islamic traditions, the holiday of Ramadan Bayram was established by the founder of Islam himself, the Prophet Muhammad. This happened in 624. Since then, the Ummah, that is, the worldwide community of believers, has celebrated this day annually, as required by their religion.

Celebration image

In Christianity, during Easter, believers greet each other with the words “Christ is risen!” A similar exclamation for Ramadan Bayram among Muslims is the phrase in Arabic"Eid Mubarak!" It is translated as follows: “Blessed holiday!” Days of celebration in most traditionally Muslim countries are considered holidays at the state level, which means that at this time almost everyone has days off and no one works. The day begins with ablution, which is ritual in nature. Then it is obligatory to visit the mosque, where public prayer is held with the reading of a special text - Eid prayer. This is a special prayer book in Arabic dedicated to this holiday, and therefore it is read only once a year.

Features of Eid prayer

This ceremony begins at dawn and continues until lunch time. At its core, it is a form of prayer. It is best to do it in the mosque together with other believers, but if circumstances prevent this, then prayer can be performed at home alone, but also no later than the lunch azan. In addition to prayer, on this day you need to give zakat - obligatory alms, which is one of the pillars of Islam. Moreover, this should be done before the holiday prayer begins. Ramadan Bayram should be celebrated by all Muslims; on these days one is not supposed to mourn, and therefore zakat alms are most often given to the poor so that they can buy for themselves new clothes and eat well.

What do you do on holiday?

Like any celebration, Bayram is a holiday on which tables are set and food is served. Believers go to visit each other and invite each other to share a friendly meal. It is also very important to visit your parents and other relatives. If this cannot be done in person, then at least you need to send a card or otherwise convey your congratulations. Ramadan Bayram also demands that all the sick, lonely and poor are not forgotten. Therefore, religion prescribes to pay attention to such people and participate in their lives with a gift, a visit and a treat. Children, as a rule, also receive gifts from their parents and spend time in games and fun. Also, deceased relatives are not forgotten on Bayram. The holiday involves believers visiting the graves of their dead and performing funeral prayers for them. As for enemies, the traditions of this day require a person to reconcile with everyone with whom he was in a quarrel and make peace.

There is also a special tradition of praying the night before the holiday. According to Islamic traditions, prayers offered at night on the eve of the Bayram holiday have special power - the ear of Allah is especially attentive to them, and if a person pronounces them sincerely, then they are credited to the person. The only thing is that it is recommended not to overuse vigils on the holiday night, so as not to oversleep the most important prayer in the mosque in the morning.

The meaning of the holiday

In general, in Islam there are only two dates of Muslim holidays, the significance of which is so great. In addition to the Bayram described above, this is Eid-ul-Adha - the day dedicated to the end of the pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca to the Kaaba. Bayram, as mentioned above, is the result of the Ramadan fast, in which every believer is prescribed to abstain from food, drink, entertainment and intimacy until sunset. This is done in order to strengthen willpower, free up time for spiritual exercises, and engage in good deeds, pacify desires and extinguish your passions. Both Hajj and fasting are self-efforts made in order to advance along the path proposed by Islam. It is the completion of successful spiritual work that is celebrated in these great holidays. At the same time, existing moral standards require Muslims to maintain within themselves the level of perfection that was achieved during these pious exercises. That is, the end of the holy fast of Ramadan does not mean that you can now return to all your previous sins and bad habits. Quite the contrary, having left once, they must be left forever, and thus the time of fasting becomes a time of internal transformation. This is necessary to gain Allah's pleasure and approval.

What kind of holiday is Ramadan?

The Muslim calendar, which is based on the lunar year, usually has a few holidays that are of great importance to all Muslims. However, a holiday like Ramadan is given special preference.

Ramadan, also known as Ramadan, is the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar. Ramadan is considered a month of strict fasting. According to Muslim custom, in this month the first spiritual revelation was delivered to the Prophet Muhammad through the messenger Jibril. All this happened in 610, when Muhammad was in the Hira cave, which is located near Mecca, where he quite often retired for religious services. This and subsequent revelations that were sent to the prophet constituted the sacred book of Islam, called the Koran.

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the main obligations for all Muslims. It is prescribed in order to increase the awareness and appreciation of Muslims' own actions and the accurate execution of Allah's orders. Throughout the day, it is strictly forbidden to eat, drink, indulge in various amusements and enjoy pleasures. Muslims must devote daytime to prayers, reading the Koran, charity, work, as well as religious thoughts and actions. In addition to the standard 5 prayers, every day, when night falls, an additional prayer-namaz is read, which is called tarawih. As a rule, taraweeh is read after the fifth prayer. In the last ten days of the month of Ramadan, a more active righteous life is led, including the commemoration of the night of the Prophet Muhammad receiving his first revelation. During this month, you can drink and eat food only after sunset and until the time it rises. Only children, sick people, and also soldiers who take part in hostilities are exempt from fasting, but still, unfulfilled fasting must necessarily be compensated at another time. According to the mullah, during Ramadan, Allah rewards the godly for every mercy he performs.

The end of fasting and the holiday of Ramadan is the second most important among all Muslim holidays - Eid al-Fitr, which is considered the holiday of breaking the fast. It begins to be celebrated at sunset on the last day of Ramadan and is celebrated on the 1st and 2nd of the month of Shawwal following Ramadan. At this time, all Muslims should reflect on the spiritual values ​​they acquired during the celebration of Ramadan. Muslims consider this holiday a day of salvation, forgiveness, reward and reconciliation.

The celebration of the holiday begins with a special prayer in the mosque. After finishing the prayer, the Islamic priest asks Allah for his acceptance of fasting and forgiveness. After all this, the believers, fingering their tasbih beads, begin to recite zikr in the whole crowd - these are the words of ritual remembrance of Allah. Zikr is carried out according to a special formula and in a certain way, out loud or silently, accompanying all this with certain body movements.

After prayer in the mosque they cover festive table and give alms to the poor. Saadaka is collected from every adult on the day of the end of the fast during Ramadan. It is collected only from wealthy Muslims. It is listed as a voluntary donation.

In almost all Muslim countries, on the days of Eid al-Fitr, one is supposed to visit the graves of deceased relatives. On the second day of Eid al-Fitr, the fast of the month of Shawwal begins, which lasts 6 days.

Month of Ramadan 2017: the essence of fasting, schedule, calendar, what is prohibited in Ramadan

The month of Ramadan 2017 (Muslim fast) begins on the evening of May 25th with the onset of evening after the moon is visible in the sky and these data are so far according to preliminary calculations.

Regarding exact date the beginning of the month of Ramadan, then, depending on the countries of the world, it can begin 1 day in advance or later according to the decision of the highest religious officials. As the month of Ramadan approaches, the exact date for the beginning of the fast will be determined individually by the leaders of the religious clergy of each country in Islamic countries.

The beginning of fasting in 2017 within the framework of the holy month of Ramadan is considered to be on the morning of May 26 and it lasts 30 days (± 1 day) depending on the lunar calendar in various countries peace by decision of the councils of the ulama.

The Essence of Ramadan

The month of Ramadan is a month of cleansing from sins and fasting during this month is considered one of the 5 pillars in the Islamic religion. The month of Ramadan (Ramadan) begins after the end of the month of Sha'ban and after Ramadan the month of Shawal begins. It was in the month of Ramadan that the holy book “Koran” was revealed to the peoples of the world, in which it is clearly written about this month that righteous Muslims need certain days in the month of Ramadan to categorically abstain from prohibited acts (gunahs) and during the daytime to refuse to eat and drink.

Month of Ramadan 2017

In fact, this month is also called “Ramadan” by many peoples. It is the ninth in the Muslim calendar. If you use Gregorian calendar, then the beginning of the month will change annually. This holiday is the most important and most revered for all Muslims. This holiday month falls on May 26th this year. The end of the holiday month will take place on June 25. This year the duration of Ramadan is 30 days.

Each new month in the Islamic lunar calendar begins immediately after the new moon. It is worth considering that the lunar calendar tends to be shorter than the Gregorian calendar, for this reason the shift in the start date of fasting occurs by approximately 11 days in relation to the modern calendar. It is also worth remembering that in countries with a Muslim population, the beginning of Ramadan is determined using astronomical calculations, and in all others, thanks to direct observation of the moon. You can also use authoritative statements of famous Muslims, which can determine the beginning of the holiday. For this reason, the definition of the beginning of fasting differs depending on the location of the state in which the faithful live.

Features of Ramadan holiday

Contemporaries include this holiday to the list of obligatory for all Muslims. This month marks fasting, also called saum. He is one of the pillars of modern Islam. Throughout the month, devout Muslims are prohibited from eating during the daytime. They are also not allowed to drink, smoke or make love throughout the holiday, the purpose of which is to atone for all their sins. In other words, fasting is a test of willpower, after which a person’s spirit will be able to triumph over his carnal desires. The faithful can focus their attention on inner world. This will allow one to identify or destroy sinful tendencies, as well as repent of sins already committed. A person gets a chance to overcome his own pride and come to terms with the will of the Creator. The duration of this fast usually ranges from 29-30 days, which is explained by the peculiarities of the lunar calendar. The fast begins at dawn and ends only with sunset or the evening adhan.

Intention for fasting Ramadan

Before starting the fast, the faithful need to say their intentions, the form of which will be something like this: “I wish to fast Ramadan today, for the sake of Allah.” Muslims must finish their morning meal 30 minutes before dawn and begin breaking their fast. This meal is called suhoor, and breaking the fast is called iftar. You should break your fast with water, milk or dates, as well as other foods. Every day after the end of evening prayer, the faithful perform a collective Tarawih prayer, which includes from 8 to 20 rakats. The final stage of the month is associated with the onset of the night of al-Qadr. On the first day of Shawwal, timed to coincide with the end of Ramadan, breaking the fast is held. At this moment, Muslims perform early morning Eid prayer. Also, the faithful must pay obligatory alms, which is called zakat al-fitr. This festival is the second most important for the Muslim community around the world.

Giving up needs to strengthen the human spirit

Thanks to the complete renunciation of the simplest human needs during hot days, it allows the faithful to prove how strong their faith is. During this period, Muslims try to cope with their passions and instincts. In addition to external cleanliness, it is also necessary to maintain internal cleanliness during this period of time. This means that a Muslim must free himself from various thoughts that can defile a person. The fast of a believer who was unable to achieve purity of his thoughts and actions cannot be considered valid, since “Allah does not need abstaining from food and drink from someone who has not abandoned lies.” Muslims are of the opinion that spiritual and physical fasting of Ramadan can significantly improve a person’s state of mind.

Ramadan and Koran

The fast only lasts for a certain number of days. If a person is sick or traveling, he can postpone the fast to another time. Those who are able to fast while doing deeds must atone for their deed by giving alms to the poor. If someone did a good deed out of personal conviction, then this will be counted towards him. It was in this month that the faithful received the Koran. This book is a true guide for a person. Any Muslim who finds himself in this month must fast. But here is an excerpt from the Koran that directly speaks about Ramadan and its influence on Muslims - “Allah desires ease for you and does not desire difficulty for you. He wants you to complete a certain number of days and glorify Allah for guiding you to the straight path. Perhaps you will be grateful."

At this time, Muslims need to perform their prayers with maximum responsibility than at other times. A month should be devoted to studying the Quran and performing good deeds. Muslims must also give voluntary (sadaqa) and obligatory (zakat) alms. Many Muslims who various reasons do not perform namaz, usually during this period they begin to observe this rule of Islam again. For this reason, the faithful are so enthusiastically awaiting the arrival of Ramadan.

What is prohibited in Ramadan?

During fasting, several actions are prohibited. It is worth considering that fasting will be considered a violation if it is committed during the daylight hours. We are talking about:

An unspoken desire to fast;
Intentional eating and drinking;
Smoking;
Sexual intercourse (it does not matter whether there was ejaculation or not), masturbation and ejaculation caused by stimulation;
Rectal and vaginal use of medications;
Swallowing liquid that gets into the mouth.
What is allowed in the month of Ramadan
At the same time, the law does not prohibit the following:

Unintentional ingestion of food and drink;
By administering the medicine through injections;
Donate blood;
Swim, but only if water does not enter your mouth;
Kissing if your partner's saliva is not swallowed;
Enjoy caresses that do not cause ejaculation;
Swallow saliva and phlegm that does not belong to another person;
Brush your teeth, but make sure that the paste does not penetrate into the throat;
Do not perform prayers.
Persons exempt from fasting
Those who are not Muslims have the right not to follow the rules. Also children under the age of majority and people with mental disorders. Old people and people who suffer from serious illnesses that do not allow them to cope with fasting may not observe Ramadan. To atone for this they must feed the poor. Pregnant women also don’t have to fast if they are worried about their health or that of their baby. They should follow Ramadan after the causes of disturbance have passed. As stated earlier, travelers can break their fast at any time. physical condition or the complexity of the chosen route. If a person does not observe Ramadan, then he should not show eating or smoking to other Muslims. Also, in countries where the population is predominantly Muslim, it is prohibited to eat, smoke or use chewing gum during Ramadan.

Mandatory requirements
It is very important for those who are fasting to communicate their intention. The intention must be expressed with the heart. To do this, you can use any language that will be understandable to those who are fasting. If we translate this phrase into Russian, it should look something like this - “I intend to fast tomorrow (today) for the month of Ramadan, for the sake of Allah.” You need to say this phrase every day for the entire month. The phrase is repeated between night and morning prayers. An intention that was pronounced once a month for all subsequent days is not considered valid in any Sunni madhhab. The only exception is the Maliki madhhab.

What to do if your fast is broken

If the fast is broken, and there are no good reasons for this, then this offense will be classified as a sin. In case of unintentional breaking of the fast due to serious illness, the Muslim should fulfill the missed fast with 1 day of fasting. It is also fashionable to pay the poor person certain funds, which are equal to 1 grain of wheat. Other products purchased for an equivalent amount may also be used. If the fast was missed for another valid reason, then the believer must observe it at any convenient time before the time of the next Ramadan comes. Sexual intercourse that was committed during daylight hours must be made up for by 60 days of constant fasting or feeding 60 poor people. If the fast is not observed for a reason provided for in Sharia, it is necessary to engage in repentance.

Good deeds
Based on hadiths and the Koran, doing good deeds during this period is considered very important for Muslims. If you follow the words of the prophet, Allah can increase the significance of each such act seven hundredfold, and the shaitan will be in chains during this period, so doing good during this period will be easier than at other times of the year. Devout Muslims should spend more time studying the Koran this month. They should not forget about alms and do other positive deeds.

Breakfast (Suhoor) at dawn
Suhoor is a breakfast taken at dawn throughout Ramadan. Food should be taken before morning prayer is to be read. Suhur and Iftar make it possible to replace the usual meals during this month for all believers. Muslims must perform suhur before the first sign of dawn. In this case, the reward for the faithful will be much greater. If the fasting person is not satisfied before dawn, then his fast will be maintained, but he will be deprived of a certain part of the reward, since he will not fulfill one of the requirements of the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad.

Evening meal (Iftar)

Iftar is the breaking of the fast or meal in the evening every day throughout Ramadan. Eating should be done after it is done evening prayer. Iftar can only begin at sunset. You should not delay this meal for any longer. late period evenings. To break your fast according to the Sunnah, you should use dates or water. When Iftar is completed, it is necessary to say a special prayer called dua. It may sound something like this: “O Lord, for the sake of Your pleasure with me, I fasted, believed in You, relied on You and broke my fast, using Your gifts. Forgive me, O One whose mercy is limitless. Praise be to the Almighty, Who helped me fast and fed me when I broke my fast.”

Tarawih in the month of Ramadan

Tarawih can be translated as respite. This name is given to a special voluntary prayer that should be performed after night prayer. It continues until the sun appears at dawn. Tarawih can be performed independently or in a group. The prayer received this name because after every fourth rak'ah, worshipers have the opportunity to rest while sitting, bringing praise to the Lord.

During the life of the prophet, tarawih consisted of 8-20 rakats. Modern Prayer includes 20 rak'ahs. It was approved by Caliph Umar, to which the Sahaba agreed. Today prayer is represented by 10 prayers, each of which consists of two rak'ahs. It must be performed daily throughout Ramadan. Prayer should begin after completing the night prayer.

Completion of Ramadan

During the last ten days of Ramadan, Muslims should be especially diligent in their prayers. During this period, it is best to visit mosques, as did the Prophet Muhammad, who retired to the mosque for this entire period. IN last year of his life he spent 20 days in the mosque during the month of Ramadan. During solitude, do not forget about the need to pronounce your intentions. They need to mention that you have decided to spend solitude in Itikaf. After the believer leaves the mosque, one must return to the usual form of intentions. During this period, you should expect the night of al-Qadr.

Al-Qadr Night in 2017

This night is also called the Night of Power. It is generally accepted that the 27th night of this month coincides with the period when Surah “Inna Anzalnagu” was revealed to Muhammad.

This happened in the seventh century in a cave on Mount Jabal an-Nur. It was at this time, as confirmed by Islamic sources, that the praying Muhammad met with the archangel Gabriel, who pointed the prophet to the scroll and ordered him to read it. Muslims celebrate this night at the end of Ramadan. It is on the Night of Power that the faithful have the opportunity to ask forgiveness from the Creator for their own sins. This period should also be devoted to reading the Koran.

The holiday of breaking the fast of Eid al-Adha

At the end of Ramadan, a festival of breaking the fast is held, which is called Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Fitr in Turkic. In 2017, Ramadan is celebrated on June 25th. During this period, Muslims can perform a special prayer and also pay alms. Zakat al-fitr is alms that must be paid to the poor. Performing this act is obligatory for all believers. The head of the family must pay a certain amount of money for the entire family he cares for. If the child was born at night on the last day of Ramadan, then there is no need to pay alms for him.

Alms payment
You can pay zakat al-fitr in the mosque to a person who is authorized to accept it. You can also distribute food directly to those who need it. Alms are equal to one saa of bulk substances. For example, in European countries it is customary to pay alms in the equivalent of wheat or barley, in Asia they use rice for this, and in the countries of the Middle East dates. It is best to pay Zakat al-Fitr in food, as was customary to do during the time of the Prophet. Paying alms in money is only possible in the Hanafi madhhab. This obligatory charity allows one to atone (kafarra) for all kinds of mistakes that were made during Ramadan. It is also intended to provide assistance to the poor and those who need funds to celebrate Eid al-Adha.

Congratulations on Ramadan

Lent continues to be the most joyful holiday for believers on the entire planet. Muslims can congratulate their friends and loved ones on his arrival thanks to the words of Ramazani Kareem, which are the wishes of the generous Ramadan. Traditionally, at this time, one can wish Muslims - “May Allah please your eyes in Ramadan with sweet evenings and the friendship of the chosen ones, the mercy of the All-Forgiving and the paradise of the pious!”

Uraza calendar 2017: the holiday of breaking the fast, which marks the end of fasting in the holy month of Ramadan

Each nation has its own faith, and although significant holy holidays are also not very different from each other, they always fall on different days, for example, in 2017, Ramadan (or Eid) begins at sunrise on May 26 and ends after sunset on June 24.

Eid is the obligatory observance of saum (fasting) for Muslims for 30 years. calendar days, which consists of the five pillars (foundations) of Islam. During these 30 days, believers of Islam must give up drinking, intimacy, smoking and even eating. The beginning of Saum comes with the morning adhan and ends after the evening adhan after thirty days.

Before starting the saum, Muslims read the niyat: “Today I will perform the saum of the month of Eid, for the sake of Allah.” Before the morning azan, believers must finish eating (they call it suhur) and immediately break their fast; they are allowed to take milk, dates and water at iftar.

Every night, believers perform the ritual of Isha (night prayer), followed by the collective Tarawih prayer, which consists of 8 to 20 rakats. The mighty night of al-Qadar comes ten days before the end of Saum.

Eid al-Adha is celebrated on the first day of Shawwal, which comes after the end of Ramadan. Muslims perform Eid prayer (holiday prayer) and pay zakat al-fitr (alms).

Uraza calendar 2017: Uraza is a time of fun and joy

Eid al-Fitr is the second most important holiday in the Islamic calendar after Kurban Bayram. On the eve of the holiday, Muslims buy gifts for each other, prepare treats, and decorate their homes.

Four days before the holiday, women carry out general cleaning of the house, court premises, barns, and clean livestock. After finishing the cleaning, all family members must bathe, put on clean linen and clean themselves up.

In the evening, the housewives prepare traditional oriental dishes. Children deliver them to relatives, and there is a mutual exchange of treats.

You cannot work on Eid al-Fitr, so in most Islamic countries this day is a day off. There will be holidays in Russia and in the republics North Caucasus, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan.

On the holiday itself, it is customary to get up early and put on festive clothes. Muslims greet each other in a special way: “May Allah send His mercy to you and to us!”, “May Allah accept our and your prayers!”

An hour before sunrise in mosques after the sermon they read holiday prayer- Gaet-namaz. Mostly only men attend prayers. At this time, women prepare treats at home.

After the men arrive from the mosque, the housewives set the table. In every house they wait for the arrival of guests, they also visit their neighbors and relatives and bring them sweets.

Before the start of the holiday, alms (fitr-sadaka) is obligatory - the distribution of property and money to those in need on the holiday. This year its minimum amount is 50 rubles.

In addition, on the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, it is customary to visit parents, do good deeds, give gifts, visit cemeteries and remember deceased relatives.

Uraza calendar 2017: These days, giving alms is not just a possible solution for a Muslim, but an obligatory action

The holiday of Eid al-Adha, sacred to all Muslims, in 2017 will begin on June 25 and last until June 28. This date can be found using the lunar calendar, which correlates with the Islamic calendar.

Now we need to find the month of Shawwal, which immediately follows Ramadan. This is the end of the search, because the holiday of Eid al-Adha falls on the first three days of the month of Shawwal. There are quite a few lesser known ones, but important rules. For example, it is important to take food with your right hand.

If you use cutlery, it should also be in right hand. It is very important to show special attention and hospitality to guests, even if they are your old friends: you need to leave the best food, choose for guests best places and let them feel at home, without hinting that they are still a guest.

What is customary to prepare for the holiday table?

The main product from which most are prepared holiday dishes on Eid al-Adha - lamb. It is used to make rich soups, roasts, snacks, and meat salads.

The festive table depends on folk traditions. If in Tatarstan they bake pancakes in the morning and put pies on the table, then in the Central Asian republics pilaf is an integral attribute.

IN Saudi Arabia In the morning they eat sweets and dates, fruits. At noon you need to eat a hearty meal so that the table is not empty next year.

In Kyrgyzstan, the holiday is called Orozo Ait. The believer must visit seven houses, taste the prepared dishes and read prayers.

In Turkey, people also enjoy sweets during Seker Bayrami. The youngest relatives are required to visit the oldest.

Month of Ramadan 2017

Each faith has many significant dates. In Catholicism there are some, in Orthodoxy - others.

In Islam, too, there are special dates when believers abstain from all human passions and cleanse their soul and body from earthly filth and share in eternal bliss. In the article we will look in more detail at how to fast during Ramadan and what prohibitions fasting imposes on believers.

Content

Eid al-Fitr in 2017




Ramadan: what can you eat?
Intention for fasting Ramadan

Is it possible to brush your teeth during Ramadan?



What should you do during Ramadan?
Ramadan rules for women

Namaz in the month of Ramadan

When is the month of Ramadan in 2017, what date does Eid start?

Muslims are no different from other believers: for them, solemn events take place in an atmosphere of joy, holiness, when hunger and thirst are met with satisfaction, and the plight of the poor is fully realized.

The month passes in fasting and reading prayers on the days of remembrance. Like other believers, Muslims have certain prohibitions on human passions, which are imposed by fasting

What kind of holiday is this - Ramadan?

The holy month of Ramadan is considered the most honorable for believers. Faith in Allah is based on it. Fasting will be complete when a person, by his behavior, is cleansed of sins and receives the pleasure of Allah

It is considered unacceptable to waste time during the Holy month. After all, it is on these days that Muslims can be rewarded for their good deeds. Wisdom consists in not breaking the rules of fasting imposed on believers by Allah

During Ramadan, the good qualities of believers who fast also improve. Quarrels and discord cease, the hearts of friends are united and a sense of responsibility and compassion for the poor is instilled.

Ramadan is coming Lent. And all believers are obliged to adhere to it

Like Orthodox date Easter holidays change every year, and for Muslims the onset of the month of Ramadan is calculated according to the phases of the lunar calendar and the difference from previous years can be within 10-11 calendar days. Therefore, the date of the Muslim Holy Period changes every year.

In 2017, Ramadan will begin in May, namely on the 27th. The end of Ramadan falls on June 25th.

The holy period for Muslims has long originated in the warm season, since it always falls in the summer months.

Literally translated, Ramadan means “sultry”, “hot”. However, not all believers perceive the holiday this way. For most, the literal translation does not mean the summer season, but following the strictest rules that must be followed.

Historical background

How is the exact date of Ramadan determined?

Every year the date of the Holy Period for Muslims is indicated in the teachings of theologians. They also determine the day of Ramadan based on the lunar phases.

The onset of the 9th month of the calendar is the onset of the sacred period of the Muslim faith. The date of the holiday is determined by the location of the night luminary.

The mission of the prophet was indicated in the “revealed words” received by Muhammad on this day. At the same time, Muslim believers received the Koran, a gift from Allah.

According to ancient tradition, on the day when the Holy Period begins, Allah becomes open to resolve the fate of the believers in a prosperous manner and fulfills their forgiveness.

Eid al-Fitr in 2017

Practitioners of Islam are often interested in the question of the onset of the Eid al-Adha fast. After all, it also does not have a fixed date. Traditionally, fasting occurs on the ninth month of the Muslim calendar.

Since the Ramadan fast in 2017 begins on May 26, and the Holy period ends on June 25, Eid al-Adha falls on June 26. Fasting during one of the biggest holidays in Islam, Eid al-Fitr, is very strict.

The great holiday of breaking the fast begins immediately after the end of fasting. At this time, all believers are allowed to eat everything that they could not afford during fasting.

Believers prepare for the holiday a month before its onset, and wait for it all year. After Lent, which lasts throughout the month, the day of breaking the fast comes.

All adult Muslims are required to adhere to the rules of fasting. Children, the sick, and the insane may not fast. Throughout the month, believers have the right to eat food only after dark. Only under this condition does the spiritual purification of the faithful occur.

Lent is spent muting all one’s passions and desires. Time should be spent in long hours of prayer. There is an equalization of the poor with the rich, which cleanses us from committed sins, among which gluttony ranks first.

It is also good to invite the poor to break their fast together, since helping the suffering means doing something pleasing to Allah.

After finishing their meal, believers go to the mosque to pray and read the Koran.

During prayer, the faithful ask for good for all people and forgiveness for sins committed. After the appearance new moon the post ends.

A holiday begins for Muslims. They are reading morning prayers. There are many believers in the mosques at this time. Not everyone gets inside the mosque and prays next to it.

On such a joyful day, worshipers feel like one family. The poor receive gifts, because each family prepares help for them in advance and presents it during the celebration.

As night falls, believers can begin breaking their fast. Only eating should be done at the same table with friends and acquaintances, and not exclusively in the family circle or alone.

Traditionally, parents are visited on such a day. The rest of the meal is shared with them.

When is Ramadan fasting for Muslims in 2017 and its schedule?

Muslims begin fasting on May 26, 2017. Ends by June 25, 2017

Schedule for Lent

Eating should be completed 20 minutes before Fajr time.
You can start eating during the Maghrib

Ramadan or Ramadan which is correct?

The Arabic word “Ramadan” is based on the name of the most revered month. But to simplify the pronunciation of the name of the holiday by non-Arabs, changes took place in the word: the letters “dad” were replaced by the letter “za”.

This is explained by the presence of the specific letter “dad” exclusively in Arabic and the absence of its analogue in other languages. Only knowledge of the special qualities of the letter “dad” can be achieved in a clear and correct pronunciation.

It is correct to pronounce both Ramadan and Ramadan in everyday speech. But when reading the Koran, the letter “dad” is not replaced with the letter “za”: this distorts the meaning, which is unacceptable.

What breaks fasting in the month of Ramadan?

Muslims learn about the main principles and prohibitions of fasting from the Koran.

According to the schedule of the basic rules of Ramadan, fasting follows:
completely stop drinking food and water
start eating before dawn
During the day, snacking and drinking any liquids (compotes, fruit drinks, water, tea) are excluded.
refuse intimacy, various caresses and stimulating actions
stop smoking, using narcotic substances, drinking drinks containing alcohol (they poison the human body, therefore they should not penetrate the body of a believer during Holy Lent)
don't cheat
don't use foul language
do not mention the name of Allah while swearing
don't chew chewing gum
do not cleanse the body with enemas (unnatural cleansing is prohibited)

The following is considered a violation:
swallowing liquids (even water when bathing)
skipping niyat (consciously performing an action; niyat should be said every day during the Holy month between night and morning prayers).

How to keep Ramadan, how to fast?

Ramadan passes for believers without entertainment and pleasure

Recommendations regarding fasting:
eat only light food after sunset
before dawn (two hours before dawn) you can eat larger and heavier meals
the amount of fatty and spicy foods should be eliminated or reduced as much as possible, since their consumption increases thirst
Having broken the fast without permission, the believer must extend the fast by 1 day and pay the poor person money equal to 3.5 kg of wheat or pay food for the same amount
committing a carnal sin during fasting is compensated by 60 days of fasting or by organizing the feeding of the poor
if the believer had good reasons for failure to fast, he can make up the missed day with any other day of fasting until the next Ramadan
V last days Ramadan believers pray persistently, repent of their sins and analyze their mistakes
On the last day of fasting, Muslims read a solemn prayer. A prerequisite is the distribution of alms. It may be dry food products or money

Ramadan: what can you eat?

The first days of fasting are very difficult. But then the body begins to rebuild and food restrictions are tolerated more easily.

At the end of the day after sunset, it is time to eat iftar, which should not end with overeating.

And only after a while you can start eating the main dishes.

The best option for a main meal:
limiting flour and fried foods
vegetable dish
meat and vegetable dish
fish dish
vegetable salad
cereal dishes
limited number of sweets
You can arrange 3-5 courses

Drinks:
freshly squeezed juices
store-bought juices diluted with water to reduce acidity
fruit drinks
compotes
jelly
water and tea
not strong coffee

Intention for fasting Ramadan

The intention (niyat) is pronounced every night before fasting. But the intention that the believer pronounces at the beginning of the night also counts. However, it is better to say the intention in the second half of the night, which is closer in time to fasting.

An intention pronounced after dawn breaks the fast.

Health Benefits of Ramadan Fasting

Conventional diets help you shed accumulated pounds and reduce blood sugar, but they can cause side effects. Therefore, it is better to follow a diet under the supervision of a physician.

While fasting in Ramadan:
a person does not remain hungry and consumes calories adequately: without any food restrictions
carbohydrates are burned (the amount of sugar and insulin in the blood decreases), from which energy is extracted
fat deposits are burned
the body rests at a physiological level
the metabolic process is normalized
no side effects
the body is cleansed
After fasting, a person can give up bad habits forever

Is it possible to brush your teeth during Ramadan?

During Ramadan, Muslims use special remedy to clean the mouth from food debris. This is a siwak (miswak)

Brushing your teeth with a toothbrush is not considered a violation of fasting.
However, using toothpaste breaks the fast because a person may swallow the toothpaste
It is recommended to brush your teeth with toothpaste in the evening or early in the morning.

Is it possible to swallow saliva during Ramadan?

Swallowing saliva during Ramadan does not break the fast
If dust or smoke accidentally gets into the throat, this also does not break the fast.

Congratulations on the beginning of the month of Ramadan

If you are looking beautiful congratulations With the onset of the month of Ramadan, then look at the following selection.

Strict post. Velit Koran
Observe it.
Everyone celebrates Ramadan
With a pure soul.

May Allah bless
For a good cause
Lights up the hearts,
Helps by faith.

In the glorious month of Ramadan
The Koran was sent to people,
To carry the truth
With an explanation of the way

As written in the Koran,
In this month Muslims
In memory of your shrine
They are fasting from now on.
For believers, fasting is a help,
To be closer to God,
To grow spiritually,
Tame your passions.

Going holy ramadan -
Great holiday of Muslims.
To cleanse the soul
Fast, pray and do not sin.

And may Allah help us
Overcome vice and fear.
Help friends and relatives,
We only wish them well!

Congratulations on the arrival of Ramadan. Let there be strong faith in life, pure love and lasting happiness. I wish you to preserve everything that you value and value. Have a nice day, good people on life path and respect from others.

Ramadan has arrived, congratulations! This month is the most important for all Muslims. Strict fasting begins, it is designed to help you strengthen your faith. May goodness and mutual understanding settle in your home and hearts, and may your prayers be heard by the Almighty. Be happy, I wish you health and prosperity!

Happy holy month of Ramadan! I sincerely wish you happiness and health, rethink your life, drive away all bad thoughts and intentions. May faith and hope only strengthen. Strength to you!

Prayer before meals in the month of Ramadan

Before morning and evening meals, Muslims say special prayers. Here is their text:

Intention to fast: Nawatu sawma gadin an 'ada'i Ramadan hazihi-s-sanati 'imanan wa-htisaban li-llahi ta'ala - I intend to fast tomorrow of Ramadan this year in accordance with faith and sincerely for the sake of Allah.

Or for a whole month, then the intention is made on the first night of Ramadan: Nawaitu siyama salasina yawman ‘an shahri Ramadan hazihi-s-sanati - I intend to observe the thirty-day Fast of the month of Ramadan this year.

Before eating, say: Ya wasi'a-l-magfirati, igfir li Bismi-llahi-r-Rahmani-r-Rahim - O Allah! You are the All-Merciful, the Forgiving. I begin with the Name of Allah, Most Merciful for everyone in this World and only for believers in the Next World.

After eating, the following dua is read: Allahumma laka sumtu wa-'ala rizqika 'aftartu - O Allah! For Your sake I fasted and took the food that You gave me.

What should you do during Ramadan?

During the blessed moments of the sacred period, the believer should conduct himself as follows:

stop fasting after sunset
Having stopped fasting before the beginning of the fourth prayer, eat a date or, in its absence, drink water
do not slander or deceive
don't look at the forbidden
do not support empty conversations, fights
Ramadan rules for women

A woman should not stop fasting when she feels that she is starting to menstrual blood. Only when she sees her should she stop fasting
During the fast of Ramadan, a woman is not prohibited from testing food for salt.
It is also not prohibited to use perfumes and jewelry for your spouse at home during the daytime during Lent.
A woman can fast only after she has been cleared of bleeding and childbirth.
Women should remind their husbands during daylight hours about the prohibition of sexual intercourse
At night, until dawn, sexual intercourse is permitted
Women should not skip prayers because they need to cook something in the kitchen.
You shouldn't have parties outside your home after breaking the fast.

Why do people only eat at night during Ramadan?

This is the will of Allah. The meaning of fasting is for a person to improve in prayer and do good deeds. Bodily abstinence helps to increase attention to spiritual life.

Namaz in the month of Ramadan

Among the orders of Allah Almighty there are duties that believers must follow strictly, without any omissions. This is the only way a Muslim can become closer to the Lord. This requirement is to perform five obligatory prayers during the day and night.

What should you not do during the month of Ramadan?

You can’t stay in water or a bath for a long time (water can enter the body)
You can’t hug or perform actions aimed at arousing
you can't gargle
you can't taste the food
you can't swallow saliva

Video: how to celebrate and spend Ramadan?