Training options for the exam in chemistry. How does the Unified State Exam work?

Dear graduates and applicants!

This study guide is a collection of tasks for preparing for the Unified State Exam (USE) in chemistry, which is like the final exam for the course high school, and the entrance exam to the university. The structure of the manual reflects modern requirements for the procedure passing the Unified State Exam in chemistry, which will allow you to better prepare for new forms of final certification and for admission to universities.

The manual consists of 10 variants of tasks, which in form and content are close to demo versions of the Unified State Exam and do not go beyond the content of the chemistry course, normatively determined by the Federal component of the state standard of general education. Chemistry (Order of the Ministry of Education No. 1089 of 03/05/2004).

Content presentation level educational material in the assignments it is correlated with the requirements of the state standard for the preparation of secondary (full) school graduates in chemistry.

In the control measurement materials of the Unified State Exam, tasks of three types are used:

Quests basic level difficulty with a short answer,

Quests higher level difficulty with a short answer,

Quests high level difficulties with a detailed answer.

Every option exam paper built according to a single plan. The work consists of two parts, including a total of 34 tasks. Part 1 contains 29 short answer questions of basic and advanced difficulty levels. Part 2 contains 5 tasks of a high level of complexity, with detailed answers (tasks numbered 30-34).

In tasks of a high level of complexity, the text of the solution is written on a special form. Tasks of this type make up the bulk of written work in chemistry in entrance exams to universities.

Assignments with extended answers can be completed by graduates in different ways. Therefore, the solutions given in methodological recommendations for examiners (meaning the criteria for assessing tasks of part 2 in the section “Solving tasks of option 1”), should be considered as one of possible options answers.

Purpose this manual- familiarize readers with the structure of control tests measuring materials, number, form and level of difficulty of tasks. This information will allow graduates to develop a strategy for preparing and passing the Unified State Exam in accordance with the goals they set for themselves.

The manual provides answers to the tasks of all options and provides detailed solutions all tasks of the tenth option. In addition, samples of forms used in the Unified State Exam for recording answers and solutions are provided. This is exactly the type of control measurement materials that graduates receive during the exam. Before you begin solving the tasks, carefully study all the instructions.

This manual is addressed to high school students and applicants for self-preparation and self-control. The manual can be used by chemistry teachers and methodologists to prepare students for the final certification in chemistry for a high school course, both in the form of the Unified State Exam and a traditional written exam.

The Unified State Examination in Chemistry is a variable component of the federal examination. It is taken only by those schoolchildren who are planning to continue their studies at universities in such specialties as medicine, chemistry and chemical technology, construction, biotechnology or food industry.

This cannot be called easy - you won’t be able to get through it simply by knowing the terms, because recent years tests with the choice of one answer from the proposed options were excluded from the KIMs. In addition, it would be a good idea to learn everything about the procedure, timing and features of this exam, as well as prepare in advance for possible changes in the 2018 KIMs!

Demo version of the Unified State Exam 2018

Unified State Examination dates in chemistry

The exact dates allotted for writing the Unified State Exam in chemistry will be known in January, when the schedule for all examination tests will be posted on the Rosobrnadzor website. Fortunately, today we already have information about the approximate periods allocated for the examination of schoolchildren in the 2017/2018 academic year:

Starts March 22, 2018 early stage examinations. It will last until April 15. Writing the Unified State Exam in advance - the prerogative of several categories of students. These include children who graduated from school before 2017/2018 academic year, but did not pass the Unified State Exam for any reason; school graduates who previously received only a certificate and not a matriculation certificate; evening school students; high school students who go to live or study abroad; schoolchildren who received secondary education in other states, but enter. Also early delivery used by students representing the Russian Federation at international competitions and competitions, and schoolchildren who take part in all-Russian events. If you are indicated for medical intervention or rehabilitation, which coincides in timing with the main period of passing the Unified State Exam, you can also take the exam ahead of schedule. Important point: any reason must be supported by relevant documents;
On May 28, 2018 the main Unified State Exam dates. According to preliminary plans of Rosobrnadzor, the examination period will end before June 10;
On September 4, 2018, an additional period for passing the Unified State Exam will begin.

Some statistics

IN lately this exam selects everything larger number schoolchildren - in 2017, about 74 thousand people took it (12 thousand more than in 2016). In addition, the success rate has noticeably improved - the number of unsuccessful students (those who did not reach the minimum threshold score) decreased by 1.1%. The average score in this subject ranges from 67.8-56.3 points, which corresponds to the school “B” level. So, in general, despite its complexity, students pass this subject quite well.

Examination procedure

When writing this Unified State Examination, students are allowed to use the periodic system, a table with data on the solubility of salts, acids and bases, as well as reference materials electrochemical voltage series of metals. There is no need to take these materials with you - all permitted reference materials will be provided to schoolchildren in one set with exam card. In addition, an eleventh grader can take a calculator for the exam that does not have a programming function.

We remind you that the order conducting the Unified State Exam strictly regulates any actions of students. Remember that you can easily lose your chance to enter a university if you suddenly want to discuss the solution to a problem with a friend, try to peek the answer in a smartphone or a workbook, or decide to call someone from toilet room. By the way, you can go to the toilet or first aid station, but only with permission and accompanied by a member of the examination committee.

In 2018, the Unified State Exam in Chemistry was expanded to 35 tasks, allocating 3.5 hours to them

Innovations in the Unified State Examination in Chemistry

FIPI employees report the following changes in the new model CMMs.

In 2018, the number of complex tasks with detailed answers will be increased. One new task has been introduced, number 30, concerning redox reactions. Now students have to solve a total of 35 tasks.
All work is still eligible for 60 initial points. The balance was achieved by reducing the points awarded for completing simple tasks from the first part of the ticket.

What is included in the structure and content of the ticket?

In the exam, students will have to demonstrate how well they know the topics from the course of inorganic, general and organic chemistry. The tasks will test the depth of your knowledge about chemical elements and substances, your skills in conducting chemical reactions, knowledge of the basic laws and theoretical principles of chemistry. In addition, it will become clear how well students understand systematicity and causality chemical phenomena, and how much they know about the genesis of substances and methods of knowing them.

Structurally, the ticket is represented by 35 tasks, divided into two parts:

Part 1 – 29 short answer tasks. These assignments are devoted to the theoretical foundations of chemistry, inorganic and organic chemistry, methods of knowledge and the use of chemistry in life. For this part of the KIM you can score 40 points (66.7% of all points for the ticket);
Part 2 – 6 tasks of a high level of complexity, which provide a detailed answer. You will have to solve problems with non-standard situations. All tasks are devoted to redox reactions, ion exchange reactions, transformations of inorganic and organic substances, or complex calculations. For this part of the KIM you can score 20 points (33.3% of all points for the ticket).

In total, you can earn up to 60 primary points per ticket. You will be allocated 210 minutes to solve it, which you should distribute as follows:

for basic tasks from the first part – 2-3 minutes;
for tasks with an increased level of complexity from the first part - from 5 to 7 minutes;
for tasks with a high level of complexity from the second part - from 10 to 15 minutes.

How do exam scores translate into grades?

Points for work affect the matriculation certificate, so for several years in a row they have been transferred to the marking system familiar to schoolchildren. First, the scores are divided into certain intervals and then converted into grades:

0-35 points are identical to “two”;
36-55 points indicate a satisfactory degree of preparation for the Unified State Exam and are equal to a “three”;
56-72 points is an opportunity to get a “B” in the certificate;
73 points and above is an indicator that the student knows the subject “excellent”.

High-quality preparation for the chemistry exam will allow you not only to enter the university of your choice, but to improve your grade on the certificate!

In order not to fail the Unified State Exam in Chemistry, you will have to score at least 36 points. However, it is worth remembering that for admission to more or less prestigious university you need to score at least 60-65 points. Top educational institutions and only those who score 85-90 points and above are accepted for the budget.

How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry?

Unable to pass exam federal level, just hoping for residual knowledge from school course chemistry. To fill in the gaps, it’s worth sitting down to textbooks and workbooks in early autumn! It is possible that some topic that you studied in the 9th or 10th grade simply did not stick in your memory. In addition, competent preparation includes the development of demonstration tickets - CIMs, specially developed by the FIPI commission.

Early versions of the Unified State Examination in Chemistry 2017-2015

Chemistry	Download option
2017	variant po himii
2016	variant ege 2016
2015	variant ege 2015

Tasks in exam version 20-18 are distributed across 4 thematic blocks:

1. Theoretical foundations chemistry: “Structure of the atom. Periodic law and periodic table chemical elements DI. Mendeleev. Patterns of changes in the properties of chemical elements by periods and groups.” “Structure of matter. Chemical bond"; "Chemical reaction."

2. " Inorganic substances: classification and nomenclature; chemical properties and genetic connection between different classes”;

3. " Organic matter: classification and nomenclature, chemical properties and genetic relationship of substances of various classes";

4. “Methods of knowledge in chemistry.” "Chemistry and Life". "Calculations according to chemical formulas and reaction equations."

Structure of KIM Unified State Exam 2018 in Chemistry

Each version of the examination paper is built according to a single plan: the paper consists of two parts, including 35 tasks.

Part 1 contains 29 tasks with a short answer, including 21 tasks of a basic level of complexity (in the version they are numbered: 1–7, 10–15, 18–21, 26–29) and 8 tasks of an increased level of complexity (their serial numbers: 8, 9, 16, 17, 22–25).

Part 2 contains 6 tasks of a high level of difficulty, with detailed answers. These are tasks numbered 30–35.

Common mistakes Unified State Examination participants in chemistry can be divided into three categories: chemical errors, arithmetic errors and errors associated with inattention.

Advance familiarization with the rules of the Unified State Exam, filling out forms, training in solving tasks similar to those that may be encountered in the exam, independent solution of the Unified State Exam in chemistry early period- all this will help the graduate cope with assignments maximum quantity points.

The author of the assignments is a leading scientist, teacher and methodologist who is directly involved in the development of control measuring instruments Unified State Exam materials. Typical test tasks in chemistry contain 14 versions of sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the features and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2018. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information about the structure and content of the 2018 KIM in chemistry, the degree of difficulty of the tasks. The collection contains answers to all test options and provides solutions to all tasks of one of the options. In addition, samples of forms used in the Unified State Exam for recording answers and solutions are provided. The manual is intended for teachers to prepare students for the chemistry exam, as well as for high school students and graduates - for self-preparation and self-control. Order No. 699 of the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation teaching aids publishing house "Exam" are approved for use in educational institutions.

Examples.
Determine which atoms of the elements indicated in the series in the ground state have two electrons in the outer energy level. Write down the numbers of the selected elements in the answer field.

From the chemical elements indicated in the series, select three elements that are in Periodic table chemical elements D.I. Mendeleev are in the same period. Arrange the selected elements in order of decreasing electronegativity. Write down the numbers of the selected elements in the required sequence in the answer field.

From among the elements listed in the series, select two elements that exhibit an oxidation state of +3. Write down the numbers of the selected elements in the answer field.

From the list provided, select two compounds that contain a covalent nonpolar chemical bond.
1) CH2 = CH2
2) CH3-OH
3) Мg0
4) S8
5) A1Br3
Write down the numbers of the selected connections in the answer field.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the Unified State Examination book, Chemistry, Typical test tasks, Yu.N. Medvedev, 2018 - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

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Chemistry, Unified State Exam, Preparing for the final certification, Kaverina A.A., Medvedev Yu.N., Molchanova G.N., Sviridenkova N.V., Snastina M.G., Stakhanova S.V., 2019