Logical thoughts. How to develop logical thinking

Does your child get bad grades from school and can’t do his homework himself?

You can improve your academic performance in just two weeks because the brain, like any other organ, can be trained. Previously, it was believed that IQ level was genetically transmitted and could not be changed. However, scientists from the Center for Neuroimaging at University College London have proven that the development of human intelligence continues throughout life; the brain is capable of creating new neurons until old age.

Mental abilities can be significantly improved if you constantly train your brain. Such training includes classes in Eidetics and Mnemonics, Speed ​​Reading and Sports Memory. At our trainings, children and adults significantly improve their memory, develop thinking, increase reading speed and concentration!

These exercises can be performed by a person at any age, but this is especially important for children. Our IQ depends on our ability to think logically. His ability to quickly assimilate depends on whether a child has logical thinking. new material and improve school performance. In addition, the brain “swings” most actively until the age of 15.

A universal way to test the level of your logical thinking

Everyone can now find out their level of intelligence! For this you only need a piece of paper and a pen. We will take a short test: it consists of 5 questions, each of which has answer options. The questions will seem somewhat absurd to you, but their advantage is that they do not require knowledge or erudition - only the ability to think logically is tested. Because if a person knows how to do this, everything else is a matter of technology. All questions have the same principle: based on the conditions of the problem, you need to build a logical chain and find the correct answer.

Read the test questions and mark the answer options that you think are correct. At the end, you will count the number of correct answers and find out how developed your logic is. One point is given for each correct answer. The test is suitable for both adults and children. You will be given no more than 5 minutes to complete the test.

Later I will show and talk about 3 simple exercises, which, if done over the course of two weeks, will make your child the smartest in the class!

Test to check the level of logical thinking

1.Some snails are mountains. All mountains love cats. This means that all snails love cats.

Right
wrong

2. No person can become president if he has a red nose. All people have a red nose. This means that no one can become president.

Right
wrong

3.Only bad people cheat or steal. Katya is good.

Katya doesn't steal
Katya cheats and steals
none of the above

4.Flowers are green animals. Flowers drink vodka.

all green animals drink vodka
some green animals drink vodka
none of the above

5. Good bosses fall from the sky. Bad bosses can sing.

good bosses who can fly can sing
some bad bosses can't sing
none of the above

TEST ANSWERS:

1 – Incorrect

2 – Correct

3 – None of the above

4 – Some green animals drink vodka

5 – None of the above

Excellent yours logical thinking can be considered if you score 5 points. 4 points is good result, and 3 and below means that you need improve logic.

A simple test to determine the level of children's logical thinking

Three tasks that will help you find out why your child is unable to solve problems.

This test is aimed at identifying problems with the three main components of logical thinking. Children most often experience problems with them, and this is the basis on which further development of the technique can be built.

Test to determine the level of logical thinking of a child

Task No. 1 – Simple analogies

The student studies a pair of words placed on the left, establishing a logical connection between them, and then, by analogy, selects a pair on the right, isolating the desired concept from those proposed.

Target:
study of logic and flexibility of thinking, the ability to draw analogies and establish connections.

a) be silent, b) crawl, c) make noise, d) call, e) stable

2. Steam locomotive

a) groom, b) horse, c) oats, d) cart, e) stable

a) head, b) glasses, c) tears, d) vision, e) nose

a) forest, b) sheep, c) hunter, d) flock, e) predator

Mathematics

a) book, b) table, c) desk, d) notebooks, e) chalk

a) gardener, b) fence, c) apples, d) garden, e) leaves

Library

a) shelves, b) books, c) reader, d) librarian, e) watchman

8. Steamboat

pier

a) rails, b) station, c) ground, d) passenger, e) sleepers

9. Currant

Pot

a) stove, b) soup, c) spoon, d) dishes, e) cook

10. Disease

TV

a) turn on, b) install, c) repair, d) apartment, e) master

Ladder

a) residents, b) steps, c) stone

Results:
a high level of logic of thinking is indicated by eight to ten correct answers, a good level by 6-7 answers, a sufficient level by 5, and a low level by less than 5.

Task No. 2 – Eliminating unnecessary things

The student needs to find in each row of words one that does not fit, one that is superfluous, and explain why.

Target:
studying the ability to generalize and classify.

1. Lamp, lantern, sun, candle.
2. Boots, shoes, laces, felt boots.
3. Dog, horse, cow, elk.
4. Table, chair, floor, bed.
5. Sweet, bitter, sour, hot.
6. Glasses, eyes, nose, ears.
7. Tractor, combine, car, sled.
8. London, Kyiv, Volga, Minsk.
9. Noise, whistle, thunder, hail.
10. Soup, jelly, saucepan, potatoes.
11. Birch, pine, oak, rose.
12. Apricot, peach, tomato, orange.

Results:

1. Determine the number of correct answers (highlighting the extra word).
2. Determine how many rows are generalized using two generic concepts (the extra “pan” is dishes, and the rest is food).
3. Identify how many series are generalized using one generic concept.
4. Determine what errors have been made, especially in terms of using non-essential properties (color, size, etc.) to generalize.

Key to evaluating results: high level – 7-12 rows are generalized with generic concepts; good - 5-6 rows with two, and the rest with one; medium – 7-12 rows with one generic concept; low – 1-6 rows with one generic concept.

Task No. 3 – Studying the speed of thinking

Letters are missing from the given words. Each dash corresponds to one letter. In three minutes you need to form as many singular nouns as possible.

Target:
learning the ability to see the big picture, training the speed of thinking.

Words:

p-ra   d-r-in   p-i-a   p-s-o

Mr.   z-m-k   r-ba   o-n-

p-le   k-m-n   f-n-sh   z-o-ok

k-sa   p-s-k   h-kk-y   k-sh-a

t-lo   s-ni   u-i-el sh-sh-a

r-ba   s-ol   k-r-tsa   p-r-g

r-ka   sh-o-a   b-r-za   sh-p-a

p-la   k-i-a   p-e-d   b-r-b-n

s-lo   s-l-tse   s-eg   k-n-i

m-re   d-s-a   v-s-a   d-r-v-

Results: 25-30 words – high speed of thinking; 20-24 words – good speed thinking; 15-19 words – average speed thinking; 10-14 words – below average; up to 10 words – inert thinking.

Methods for correctly solving school problems

The problem in solving problems most often lies in the fact that the child does not know how to imagine the problem. At this age, their visual perception is best developed. Therefore, all the conditions of the problem must be sketched or drawn in the form of a table. Now I will show you a technique for solving similar problems, of which there are many in school textbooks.

Task

Three girls - Valya, Natasha and Katya - came to the theater in dresses different colors: one in white, the other in gray, the third in black. What dress was each of them wearing, if it is known that Valya was not in black or gray, Katya was not in black.

Let's draw a table:

By placing known data in a table, it immediately becomes obvious who was wearing which dress.

Next exercises

Anagrams are words in which the words are rearranged in random order. The solution is the definition of the original word. Helps you see the big picture.

READING - reading

ALIGOC – logic

SHLYNMEIE - thinking

AOGVOLMOLKO – puzzle

The following games are suitable for training the ability to select and build analogies and be able to classify information:

Game #1: Find the unknown number

CROWN   CRANE

Solution:
There are five different letters in the word CROWN. The number written below it consists of five different digits.

Let's put them in correspondence with each other:

The letter K corresponds to the number 5;

The letter P corresponds to the number 1;

The letter O corresponds to the number 3;

The letter H corresponds to the number 7;

The letter A corresponds to the number 9.

Then the word CRANE corresponds to the number 5197.

ANSWER: 5197.

Game No. 2: Connect the pictures according to the words

Game No. 3: Interesting puzzles

Task 1: Two words are given that have little connection with each other. In 10 minutes you must write as much as possible common features these items.

DISH, BOAT.

CHALK, FLOUR

Task 2:
What will happen? – what happens if mom is late for work? (if there is no light, winter)

The ability to draw conclusions from a situation develops cause-and-effect relationships.

These games are very simple and can be played everywhere, both on the go and in transport, and this is not perceived as learning, it is just communication with the child. Practice and play, easily and regularly, treat the tasks as a game - and in 2 weeks, and you will see the result!

By solving these three problems, you will improve your child's intelligence and academic performance.

The first of them is the reluctance to see the problem as a whole, find logical connections and think based on the conditions of the problem. The child strives to quickly fit everything into a formula and be done with it.

In order to develop a child’s ability to think logically, and to make any task interesting and “alive” for him, there is a simple game that many of you have probably played. This game enhances your intelligence, improves thinking, and trains concentration. And over time you will solve logical problems increased complexity, learn to find connections between events, and understand how one situation leads to another.

You will need sticks, or pencils, or matches:

Rearrange 2 matches so that the dog looks in the other direction?

Game No. 4: Danetki - a game that will teach you to think logically

The goal of the “Danetki”– teach children to ask logical questions, analyze, learn to find criteria for classifying any objects in the surrounding world, learn to listen to others, be attentive (do not repeat questions).

The essence of this wonderful game is that the presenter thinks of a word, and the players must solve it by asking questions that can be answered “yes” or “no”.

Examples of questions:

– is this an animate object? - No

– Is it necessary for life? - No

– Do we use it every day? - No

– Is he useful on the farm? - No

– Is this entertainment? - yes

- Is this an attraction? - No

– Do people have it at home? - yes

– Do they compete in this game? - yes

The further the game is on, the more questions the child has, the more he can trace logical connections. You can play this game on the way to school, or you can also motivate your child - say that you want to buy him something, you just have to guess what.

If you feel that you are already familiar with the detective craft, you can complicate the task. For example, you can set a certain number of questions, and give points for the most accurate ones. This way, you will be able to compete with each other, and the game will experience unprecedented excitement.

Game No. 5: Developing logic with matches

Another version of the game that develops logic. In this problem, 10 matches are used to form a key. Move 4 matches to make three squares.

At first, the child can rearrange the matches “manually,” but then this can be done mentally.

Answer.
The problem is solved quite simply. The four matches that form that part of the key handle must be moved onto the key shaft so that the 3 squares are laid out in a row.

The problem with many children is that they immediately “grab” at their mother’s cue. For example, mom wants to give some advice and says “maybe we should add something here?” The child, instead of thinking through the option that the mother suggested and saying whether it is suitable or not, immediately says “yes, yes!” and agrees with the proposed option.

Game No. 6: Believe it or not

Children don't want to think for themselves. To get rid of this habit, I would recommend a game called “I believe it or not.” It develops critical thinking in the child - the ability to think independently, not to accept any statement, but to submit to criticism, to independently form an opinion, and reason.

The conditions are very simple - you say a phrase, and the child must determine whether it is true or fiction and explain why he thinks so.

For example, I say: “You can eat the juice with a spoon.”

YES if it's popsicles.

Try to offer phrases that can be answered differently. Let your child think about each phrase and try to explain why he thinks so. This is how the child learns to get to the truth in his own way, relying on comparisons, reasoning, and his own conclusions.

It is this approach that provides invaluable individual experience and develops observation skills in the child when he listens and sees seemingly obvious statements. For example: “all birds fly” (not all, there are birds that do not fly: chicken, turkey, ostrich, penguin).

Game No. 7: Find analogies

And another game that can be played on the go, and which is good for training the ability to find analogies. You simply give the child a word - for example, “helicopter”. Then, ask to find him greatest number analogies based on any principles - for example, a butterfly, because it flies, or a tram, because it can also carry people.

Well, now on the road! A task of increased complexity that everyone knows and remembers: how to help a peasant transport a goat, cabbage and a wolf to the other side on a boat, if only 2 objects can fit in the boat, and so that the goat does not eat the cabbage, and the wolf does not eat the goat... Did you manage it?

Your child can learn more effectively and more fun!

The Shaleniy Ravlik Training Center invites children and adults to courses on the development of memory and thinking! Our professional teacher of the highest category with sixteen years of experience, Elena Kalachikova, knows everything about memory and thinking! Elena claims that the brain is a muscle of our body that needs regular training. Make sure that homework can be done with pleasure and without “cramming”!

Training on Eidetics and Mnemonics

Eidetics classes with professional teacher expand consciousness, develop thinking, improve concentration, and most importantly - pump up memory to the maximum! Your children will forever forget what it means to “memorize” material and will learn with joy. Using the method of imaginative thinking - Eidetics, your child will be able to:

• easily learn a large poem or text by heart;
• remember a huge amount various information, including digital;
• improve concentration;
• prepare for exams and educational assessments;
• learn foreign languages.

If you are interested in classes on developing memory and thinking, sign up for a course on Eidetics and Mnemonics!

Sign up for eidetics training

Express training on Speed ​​Reading

An amazing Speed ​​Reading course consisting of only three lessons lasting 2 hours. This training is for those who have completed the Eidetics and Mnemonics course and want to learn how to speed read! Children and adults come to us and increase their reading speed by two to three times! During the Speed ​​Reading training you:

• learn 4 ways to read quickly;
• increase concentration;
• learn to select the main thing from the text;
• Easily remember what you read.

Trainings in Eidetics and Speed ​​Reading will help your child improve their performance at school! Sign up for an express speed reading course and triple your speed!

Sign up for speed reading training

Advanced Level: Sports Memory

Sports Memory Training for the Strongest Students! There is strength in everyone! If you want to become a real memory athlete or want to take part in the Sports Memory Championship, the Shaleniy Ravlik Training Center has you covered! Suitable for those who want:

• get out of your comfort zone;
• pump up your brain to the fullest;
• get out of your comfort zone;
• expand your own consciousness;
• develop thinking;
• achieve success in life.

An amazing advanced course opens up many possibilities for you! If you are ready to make the best investment in your future, sign up for training on our website!

I want to go to training!

Logic itself is not a human skill given from birth; it is learned throughout life, receiving valuable lessons. Such a tool for understanding the world is not close to emotional human nature, so people prefer to think and do as they are more accustomed to. However, this science underlies most of the laws of the Universe. The ability to think and reason consistently and consistently is useful in solving many problems. Be it building business projects, persuading opponents or shopping in a store. And the question immediately arises: “How to develop logical thinking and live as efficiently as possible?” We will consider the answer to this in the article below.

People often make mistakes that defy logic. They think that it is enough to be guided by common sense and experience gained, ignoring the laws and special techniques of formal logic. However, this may be sufficient only when making elementary judgments and solving simple problems; when carrying out large-scale operations, certain knowledge will be required that will not allow you to make erroneous actions.

What is logic

In order to understand what it is, it is necessary to explain this phenomenon more broadly, dividing it into components.

By thinking we mean the processing of received information by the human psyche, and the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships between objects, events and phenomena of the surrounding world.

Logic is the science of the forms, methods and laws of intellectual mental activity. Its peculiarity is that knowledge is obtained not from sensory experience, but in the process of analyzing previously obtained data, inferential knowledge.

Thus, logical thinking is a thought process that forces a person to use logical constructs and concepts based on evidence, prudence and flexibility of thinking. The main goal is to obtain the most reasonable conclusion from the available data.

Logical laws are based on empirical knowledge of the world through experience. That is, a person draws a conclusion based on the creation or participation in a certain situation and subsequent awareness of its specific consequences.

Workout

The development of creative thinking and logic is only possible if the mind is accustomed to working in different directions. The development of logical thinking needs to be trained, here are some practical advice:

• Studying Natural Sciences

Take up the study of science close to your spirit, which you have been putting off.
Physics, chemistry or history, others exact sciences perfectly stimulate flexibility of thinking. They teach how to build cause-and-effect chains.

• Use reasoned argument

Instead of the standard desire to answer “because I’m in charge” or “it’s necessary,” try to convey your point of view to your opponent without emotion, constructively. Use boolean as well creative thinking, there can be a huge variety of dialogue options, get rid of the usual phrases and reactions.
Particularly interesting is the way of leading the interlocutor to the necessary conclusion through indirect statements with which he initially agrees.

• Play chess, backgammon, checkers and card games

This is an amazing opportunity to develop logical thinking. After all, there is training in cause-and-effect relationships, calculating the opponent’s moves in advance. One is trained to learn lessons even from defeats. Thus, a person gradually removes negative thinking from his life.

• Find other ways to use items

This exercise promotes excellent development of creative thinking in adults. Choose one item, be it a box of matches or a stool. And find all possible ways to use the item for other purposes than its intended purpose. You can count matches, lay out drawings, and use a stool as a stand for a Christmas tree. Get creative.

• Association game

Use opposite meanings to emerging associations for specific words. Let's say hard wool, soft glass, hot ice. This helps our brain tune in to a different mindset and remove negative thinking.

• Read books from the end

In addition to the understandable difficulties in completing this task, there are also nuances. Our brain is accustomed to the fact that resolution can only come when specific actions are taken. But both in life and in books, this is not always true. Sometimes the most unexpected events lead to results that were not intended. A gradual transition from the denouement to the preface will help debunk your guesses and learn an abstract vision of the situation, and also develop mobility and flexibility of thinking.

• Expand your vocabulary

When you hear an unfamiliar word, look up its meaning in the dictionary. And also: what is the history of the origin, original meaning and use now. This will help you look at the world in a more multifaceted way.

• Words backwards

When in transport or on the street, read signs backwards. It will be very difficult. At first, you will only get short words, and then you will master the ability to read entire phrases! This is a great brain workout that shows there are alternatives. And, once in problematic situation, it will be easier to see other options.

• Invent something that doesn't exist

The exercise is to come up with an animal or object, a name that does not exist in nature. Leopard or birdfox, for example. And imagine or depict all this in detail. The point is that it is very difficult to invent something that does not exist. The brain still tries to reduce everything to familiar forms, especially in adults.

Sometimes negative thinking takes over, and it becomes difficult to complete a task that seems absurd. The ability to abstract from familiar forms and concepts and concentrate on more little-known facts, creating fundamentally new things will become useful in any profession.

• Solve anagrams

You need to make a word from the mixed letters. Develops the ability to quickly find hidden meaning and see meanings that are incomprehensible at first glance.

• Use your other hand

If you are right-handed - left, if vice versa - right. Change your hand while performing everyday tasks. This stimulates both hemispheres, improving concentration, activating new neural connections, thus stimulating logical and creative thinking.

Who needs to develop logic

Logical thinking is necessary for any person, regardless of his goals. After all, with flexible thinking, each of us can:

• find the optimally beneficial solution to a problem situation;
• always be several steps ahead of enemies or competitors, calculating their possible actions;
• choose the right way to achieve your goal;
• express your thoughts in a form understandable to everyone;
• It’s quite easy to find arguments to sway opponents in your direction;
• avoid making professional and life mistakes;
• deal with sophistry and demagoguery;
• be able to quickly formulate an answer to the question posed, avoiding blurting out the first thought that comes to mind, which can cause great harm later;
• clearly see manipulations on the part of other people, do not become a victim of their deception;
• be aware of mistakes made by other people or yourself, and quickly and easily eliminate them.

Why do you need to develop logic?

How to develop thinking? Every person has it to one degree or another. But for a better understanding of reality and the ability to operate with it, logical thinking, developed at a fairly high level, is necessary. This can only be learned through training.

Creative thinking can be developed and negative thinking can be eliminated. The brain is trained no less than the muscles, perhaps more. By constantly training thinking and memory, a person can develop throughout his life, methodically improving his performance. Development intellectual abilities– a guarantor of effective self-improvement.

Thanks to the ability to think logically, a person acquires the ability to think creatively, because a completely different understanding of reality opens up, which gives many advantages.

It is commonly believed that creative thinking is opposed to logic and reason, but this is a false statement. Creative perception of reality is fundamental to creativity. This does not at all mean the need for negative thinking, which is characterized by focusing exclusively on the bad. On the contrary, it allows you to train your brain, clear it of stereotypes and interfering attitudes, and look at everything from the outside. This is how perfect horizons open up. As a result, problem solving skills in a non-standard way, find previously impossible paths.

Hello, dear readers!

So, I still didn’t get any questions about the previous one. Although it is the questions that indicate that the topic has touched a person, and he wants to clarify something for himself.

I think there will be a lot of questions on today’s topic. I will be happy to answer.

How often do we lack the ability to logically express our thoughts, especially if the result of this presentation is important to us. It is at this moment that we are overwhelmed with emotions, and our inability to argue only leads to heightened passions, turning to elevated tones. But since this does not lead to results, insults often come into play, which then turn into threats or even a fight.

Mutual understanding never materialized. And the reason is the inability to competently construct one’s thoughts and conduct a discussion.

I think many people are familiar with the situation described. Almost every day we can observe something similar in life, and even more often from television screens.

Disputes in which there is little logic, but a lot of emotion and aggressiveness.

It is believed that 70% of conflicts arise during communication. How can we communicate correctly if our emotional competence is not developed (which I wrote about), and no one taught us the logic of statements and the ability of logical thinking.

Development of logic and thinking

What is usually the emphasis when it comes to developing thinking?

The main focus is on development creative thinking. Solving creative problems, finding new solutions, and generating ideas certainly requires unconventional thinking.

And the bulk of the literature is devoted to this development.

It's fashionable to think outside the box. True, sometimes this unconventionality becomes too shocking and, in order to attract attention, elementary logic is neglected.

Throwing a bucket of paint on a canvas and calling it a work of art may be true, but then you have to define in terms what art is.

It is pointless to argue about this until definitions and concepts are introduced, which is what logic actually does.

Although many people think that Logic is the ability to solve logical puzzles. First of all, logic is the science of correct thinking . Consistent, consistent, justified.

We agree that we are missing logical thinking . Yet in life this is what is most often required. You don’t have to make discoveries and generate ideas very often, but you have to communicate, convince, prove, and think every day.

There are people who are difficult to understand - there is no logic in their reasoning. And, unfortunately, there are more and more of them. Just listen to any talk show.

So today we'll talk about development of logical thinking and about Logic as science and its application in everyday life.

Is it possible to reason logically without knowing the basics of logic??

Yes, you can, because you can speak and write decently without knowing grammar. But by studying logic, we increase the level of our thinking. We learn to express our thoughts more clearly and consistently.

Why do we need this?

We are so accustomed to practical results from our efforts, but learning logic requires effort. Therefore, I will dwell on this issue in more detail.

Although, as usually happens, - yeah, the reader thinks - the title is “Development of Logical Thinking”, now I’ll drop in for 20 seconds (by the way, such visitors are more than 60%), I’ll see a list of actions with 10 points, and I’ll start thinking logically.

And the entire Internet is filled with such motivating algorithms, consisting of 7-10 steps. But after superficially going through one method and another, a person becomes disappointed - how can this be, but where are those great changes that are promised. Kindergarten, in a word...

Unfortunately, this doesn’t work, motivation wears off within an hour, at best, and another motivational kick is required. The motive to do something must be stable, perceived as a necessity, and not as a simple satisfaction of curiosity. Needed emotional vector , to put it “simpler”.

Therefore, to begin with, I will give a few advantages of studying logic:

1. Logic teaches you to think clearly and express your thoughts clearly. Incoherent speech, when a person cannot connect even two words, is common.

2. The ability to persuade and defend one’s point of view is developed. A convincing, logically structured speech is required.

3. The study of logic develops the habit of analyzing one's own and others' judgments. And also to find errors in them and fight demagoguery. After all, often there is nothing to argue with other than “he’s a fool himself.”

4. Logic teaches you to argue. And do not lead the dispute to an altercation and a fight. Helps to find compromises and refute false reasoning.

5. Logic generally develops the ability to think. Have your own thoughts, and not thoughts imposed by an external source.

I think even this is enough to read the article to the end. What if something comes in handy?

Although, as Bertrand Russell said, “ Many people would rather die than think. And they die before they even begin ».

I think that this does not apply to my readers.

A little history of the study of logic

Before the 1917 revolution, logic was studied in gymnasiums. But after the revolution, logic was declared a bourgeois subject and excluded from the school curriculum.

The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, in the resolution “On the teaching of logic and psychology in secondary school” dated December 3, 1946, considered it necessary to introduce, starting from 1947/48 academic year, teaching these subjects in all schools of the Soviet Union.

There was such a famous textbook on logic by Vinogradov in 1954.

But in 1956, the teaching of logic in high school was abolished. Like this….

Now Logic is studied only in certain universities.

And a little more about the sad.

The study of formal logic does not always contribute to the development of thinking. You can study logical operations, work with judgments, etc., but not everyone succeeds in applying this in life. Logic students simply don't know how to do this.

The problem with most logic textbooks is in abstract examples: all mosquitoes are insects, if autumn comes, leaves fall, etc. Logical, yes logical, but some non-real-life examples, so it’s difficult to move on to real situations.

It is even more difficult to use the laws of logic or how to apply the semantics of the predicate logic language. What kind of desire do you need to have to deal with all this?

How to develop the ability for logical thinking?

Of course not by solution logic puzzles and crosswords. The most you can get from these classes is to improve your ability to solve puzzles, nothing more. And although this is certainly useful for the brain, the goal is still to learn how to construct your thoughts correctly, and the exercises should be of a different kind.

First of all, those close to those situations when such a need arises: to prove, convince, discuss, etc.

It is in real conditions You can gain experience rather than by studying the theoretical laws of logic. What you need to learn is how to apply theory in practice.

And to do this, you first need to find out for yourself when the need for logical thoughts arises. I mentioned five such situations above, but there are many more.

To understand in general outline, what Logic studies, let’s consider its main sections:
1. Concepts.
2. Definitions.
3. Judgments.
4. Basic laws of logic. Law of identity. Law of contradiction. The law of the excluded middle. Law of sufficient reason.
5. Inductive reasoning
6. Deductive reasoning.
7. Analogies, hypotheses, evidence.

Let's add the basic techniques of logical thinking - comparison, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization. That's all the sections.

Approach to training

The problem is how to translate knowledge of formal logic into practical logic.
I will suggest one approach that may be of interest to you. I mentioned him in my book ""

Pyotr Spiridonovich Agafoshin (1874-1950) is a famous Russian guitarist. In the book “The School of the Six-String Guitar,” he described one of the basic principles of training:

The student must study play playing . Those. to acquire the necessary playing skills not on dry educational and training material such as exercises and etudes, but on skillfully selected highly artistic material that cultivates taste and brings aesthetic satisfaction along with practical and technical skills.

Why not use this principle here too, i.e. solve practical mental problems that arise in reality, where the use of logic is required. These are not case studies that are solved in ideal conditions, but life situations where there is room for surprises and manifestations of emotions.

For example, discussions/disputes.

In order for various discussions, disputes and simply discussions to be logically cultural in nature, it is important that the participants equally understand the exact meaning of the terms involved in this discussion.

For example, it is difficult to understand a person - what he is talking about if he has not given a definition of the subject of his conversation. Without specifying the concept and definition, each participant in the conversation/dispute can understand something different by this concept (to the best of their knowledge). It’s not clear what the debate is actually about.

And if a scientific dispute concerns concepts - infinity, matter, space, etc., then in working discussions more prosaic things appear: for example, margin, strategy, marketing, and in everyday situations the number of things discussed is much larger.

Therefore, the first rule of logic: the main terms of the statement, theses must be clearly defined, regardless of whether others know them or not. Uniformity of understanding is important.

From here first skill of practical logic – ability to operate with concepts.

Knowing the importance of this, you can study in more detail the theoretical part of the logic section - “ Definitions" Here are its subsections (for example, according to Vinogradov’s textbook):

1. Content and scope of concepts.
2. The relationship between the content and scope of the concept.
3. Limitation and generalization of the concept.
4. Generic and specific concepts.
5. Main classes of concepts.
6. Relationships between concepts.
7. The essence of the definition of the concept.
8. Determination rules.
9. Genetic determination.
10. Nominal definition.
11. Meaning of definitions.
12. Techniques that replace definition.
13. The essence of the division of the concept.
14. Division rules.
15. Dichotomous division.
16. Techniques similar to division.
17. Classification.

By studying this issue theoretically, you can already imagine how this knowledge can be used in practice.

Another important skill is the ability to ask questions.. As I said earlier, our thinking consists of questions and the search for answers to them.

But in order to correctly pose questions and answer them, you need to know what a correctly posed question is. This is already in the area of ​​Logic.

Any question has premise question, i.e. information about the object about which the question arose.

For example: question - do you like articles on my benefit?
The question assumes the presence of a blog and articles posted on it, as well as the author. Those. premise.

What is a correctly asked question??

Firstly, it is necessary to have the necessary amount of information and the ability to use this information.

It is also necessary to check all the premises of the question - they must be true, if at least one premise is false, then the question is incorrect.

For example, if there is only one article on the blog, and the question is about “articles”. The premise is not true, therefore the question is incorrect.

IN general view– a question is correct if, in principle, there can be an answer to it.

After all, there is also this: “ One fool can ask a question that even a hundred wise men cannot find the answer to.».

Knowing that the question must satisfy the formal rules of logic, we study this part of Logic more carefully.

Let's consider another logical form - reasoning .

Reasoning is a mental activity (i.e. our thinking) when interaction of individual judgments and on their basis new judgments emerge. This whole process is reasoning.

We can talk about the structure of reasoning: i.e. Some judgments are known to us, others are not. They are connected by a logical operation.

There are several types of reasoning. If from a known judgment (called premise ) a previously unknown judgment comes out ( conclusion ), then this is called conclusions e.

Known deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning.

You can also find out what logical laws reasoning is based on from a logic textbook.

But it is better to do this after clearly, in a real situation, highlighting the reasoning and trying to understand how it is constructed now, without knowledge of formal logic. Then turn to the textbook.

So the sequence is like this:

1. Let's get acquainted with the main sections of Logic.
To do this, you will need the skills to read complex business literature, which I described in the book "", in particular synoptic reading and techniques for reading business literature.
Result: general idea about formal logic.

2. Applications. You already know the areas where logic will be useful. We defined this above, in general terms.
The next thing you can do is to gradually introduce logical forms into these situations, i.e. practically use individual elements of the theory of Logic.

To begin with, you should choose situations that are not too critical for you - after all, you don’t have experience yet. We learn from simple everyday situations where failure will not affect you personally. Gradually we increase the complexity of the situation.
There are a lot of such opportunities in life - starting from a store, ending with visiting government institutions.

It can be useful to notice logical tricks that arise along the way. For example, advertising “Today - on credit, tomorrow - for cash.” It is necessary to eliminate logical uncertainty: today is when, and tomorrow is when? Find out from the advertiser why the laws of logic are violated. And there are many such examples.

3. We introduce logical forms gradually, step by step, element by element.

Task: analyze individual logical forms and try to use them in practice.
First we introduce definitions and concepts. Those. When starting any discussion, we define the concepts involved in it. To do this, we carefully study the theoretical part of logic – Definitions and Concepts.

In any communication, try to find the subject of discussion, formulate definitions and try to apply the knowledge gained.

Then - the formulation of questions. We try to ask the right questions.

Then we try to reason. We study the theory of reasoning. And so on, we include the remaining elements of logic.

To some extent, we can say that this approach uses logical thinking techniques, such analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization.

By using analysis we have identified individual parts of Logic. Studied and applied.

Abstraction helped us eliminate secondary, unimportant features of logical forms. By using synthesis and generalization – combined individual parts into a single one. And now we can use all logical elements in our communication.

This is how, gradually moving from simple to complex, Logic will take an important place in your thinking.

At the same time, we study not only theoretical, but also popular literature on Logic.
The main thing is to start.

It is not necessary to become a great mathematician who has mathematical logic in first place. The level of logical thinking required in everyday life is sufficient.

You can talk endlessly about logic, but you can’t cover everything in one article.

Therefore, I will offer you a list of literature to study, but this is not an easy subject.

It is better to study theory from textbooks, and from old textbooks. Still, the previous generation had a better command of Logic. So the list could be like this:

1. V.G. Chelpanov. Textbook of logic. 1915
2. V.F. Asmus. Logics. 1947
3. S.N.Vinogradov, A.F. Kuzmin. Logics. Textbook for high school. 1954
4. A. D. Getmanova. Logic textbook. 1995
5. D.A Gusev. A short course in logic. The art of correct thinking. 2003
6. V.I. Kirillov, A.A. Starchenko. Logics. 2008
7. A.L. Nikiforov. Book on logic. 1998
8. D. Halpern. Psychology of critical thinking. 2000 g

And more useful books:

9. A.I. Uemov. Logical errors. How they interfere with thinking correctly. 1958
10. Yu.A.Petrov. The ABC of logical thinking. 1991
11. A.A. Ivin. The art of thinking correctly. 1986

You can get acquainted with the book by M. Cohen, E. Nagel. Introduction to Logic and the Scientific Method. 2010 (656 pages). For a long time it was the main textbook for universities in the United States.

You can study and Aristotle- the founder of formal logic. His Organon.

Organon (instrument, method) is the traditional name of Aristotle’s philosophical works on logic.

The Organon includes:
1. Categories.
2. On interpretation.
3. First analytics.
4. Second analytics.
5. Topeka.
6. Sophistical refutations.

Aristotle calls logic " Analytics", and in the treatise "The Analyst" (First and Second), he outlined its main teachings: about inference and about proof.

I think this will be enough. Next time we will continue to look at other approaches to developing thinking.

I look forward to your comments and questions.

If you liked the article, please click on the social buttons. Thank you!

Best regards, Nikolay Medvedev.

6 comments on the post “Formation of logical thinking”

Amazing Features Russian education: asking what was not taught. On the Unified State Exam in Russian, even the logical coherence of the text was included in the essay criteria, who else would have taught this to a graduate. Only a talented teacher will combine very superficial teaching of his subject and logic. Therefore, children, except for screaming, have nothing to learn from adults, and sometimes it is embarrassing to watch programs with a discussion agenda.

And now the question: “Why have they excluded the study of logic and psychology in schools and are not taught in some universities? How many insults do you have to receive from misunderstanding by your interlocutors in order to acquire logical thinking skills, or are they given by nature and passed on by inheritance?” Thank you for your material, it is very important.

• Thanks Lana for your comment!

  Why was logic excluded from the school curriculum?

  The official version is the fight against overload of schoolchildren. At this time, many changes took place in the education system, textbooks were rewritten, the management system changed, etc.

  Although logic was introduced in 1948, the level of teaching was ? Who taught, as a rule, these were not specially trained teachers, but more often literature teachers.

  It’s the same now - teaching the fundamentals of religion is questionable - who will teach this discipline.

  Unfortunately, logical thinking skills are not inherited. At the level of everyday logic, we learn from examples from life.

  But this is not enough. In addition, logical thinking is not only knowledge of logical forms, but also a general outlook. Without it, there will simply be nothing to connect logically.

Where is the logic in not teaching Logic?

After the change of the tsarist regime, the abolition of Logic was dictated, most likely, as its replacement with the code of the builder of communism, and this was an underestimation of its importance in everyday life. Now its absence is the result of thoughtless education reform under Western influence.

It’s not only a pleasure to read Aristotle, but any ancient book, in which there is no double meaning, unnecessary complications of speech, and everything is presented simply and clearly. There is no more magical and meaningful language on earth than Russian, from which other languages ​​actually originated, which is easy to see in the example of English if you pay attention to words. The ease of reading ancient literature also speaks of the author’s full understanding of what he writes, in contrast to modern books and especially textbooks (everything that the author of this blog, Medvedev, writes does not apply here), filled with completely unnecessary complexity of presentation, coming from an insufficient understanding of the subject. And here you go Russian word“difficult”, what does it mean? Difficult = false. And, on the contrary, “simple, like everything ingenious.” While studying at school in the 60-70s, I really didn’t like writing essays, although everything was excellent with the Russian language. And, once I took old textbooks from my mother, a Russian language teacher, pre-war and post-war, I was amazed at how much better they were than ours - everything was explained in them so simply and clearly. These textbooks were a godsend for me; writing essays using them was a delight. And already in those in which I studied, formalization began to prevail everywhere over simplicity and clarity of presentation. Why do we need formalization, especially for children? At home, we speak to them not in a formalized language, but in a simple one. And remember what Lenin used at his speeches. He spoke to people in a language that was understandable and accessible to them. ordinary people language, although at that time the theory of Marxism-Leninism was considered very complex and few people could understand it. By the way, in the library, where I was a regular weekly visitor, I somehow came across an article by Lenin on the correct organization of labor. There’s no other way to call it genius; I still regret that I didn’t rewrite it then.

I see the most important value of logic as the ability to create own opinion on any issue, and not use other people’s mental “chewing gum”. And I understand the main property of logic as a sequence of thoughts to achieve a certain result, in which each subsequent thought follows from the previous one. Those. Logic is the structure by which we organize our thoughts to achieve a specific goal.

For example, I need to create my opinion about an object, phenomenon or situation. I start collecting information, then I separate the facts, the objective information from the subjective. I consider the subject of study in its development, evolution, determining patterns and development trends. And, based on these objective factors, I form my opinion. If my opinion is different from another, then I will try to determine what the other opinion is based on, on what premises, facts or subjective things.

It was this main feature of logic - the sequence of thoughts - that the famous Socrates used in his disputes and convictions, when, starting from some indisputable fact recognized by both sides, he began a consistent movement from one indisputable statement to another, ultimately arriving at his opponent to the conviction that one is right.

Today I, too, using logic, namely, by showing the bank employee the lack of consistency between their declarations of good service and the real state of affairs, convinced him of the need to take appropriate action.

Thank you, Nikolay, for a good, relevant topic and, as always, an interesting article!

• Thank you Konstantin for the excellent continuation of the article!

  In one of my articles, I mentioned 10 questions of a systematic approach to the study of a subject, so I completely agree with you on the technology for creating your opinion about the subject that you described.

  I also prefer earlier editions, and I usually read the creators of ideas and teachings, and not their subsequent interpretations and “chewing.”

  In the next article I will provide practical tips on using logical forms. Let's talk about critical thinking, especially important for the present time.

  I can already see that this article is too long, so I’ll take the 3,000-character format as a basis (this one has 17,000 characters).

  I’ll also add a few old publications on labor organization, and before they knew how to organize:

  1. G.F. Popov. Personal work technique.

  2. A.K. Gastev. How to work. 1972

  3. P.M. Kerzhentsev. Principles of organization. 1968

  4. M.A. Shtremel. Engineer in the laboratory. Labor organization. 1983

In everyday life, every person has to use logical thinking every day. The use of logic and the construction of chains of relationships is required, both in career matters and during ordinary everyday activities, for example, visiting a supermarket or drawing up routes. Some cope with this easily and naturally, while others experience certain difficulties in finding answers to even the most basic logical problems, the speed and correctness of solving which depend primarily on how well developed a person’s logical thinking is. This article will tell you what logic is, and also introduce you to methods and methods of how to develop logical thinking in an adult.

The essence of the concept of “logical thinking”

Logic is not identical to knowledge, although its area coincides with the area of ​​knowledge. Logic is the general connoisseur and judge of all particular studies. It does not set out to find evidence; it only determines whether evidence has been found or not.

Logic does not observe, does not invent, does not discover - it judges. So, logic is the science of the functions of the mind that serve to evaluate evidence; it is the doctrine both of the process of transition from known truths to unknown ones, and of all other mental actions insofar as they help this process

John Stuart Mill

Important to know! Decreased vision leads to blindness!

To correct and restore vision without surgery, our readers use ISRAELI OPTIVISION - the best remedy for your eyes for only 99 rubles!
Having carefully reviewed it, we decided to offer it to your attention...

To begin with, let us examine separately the two components of the concept of logical thinking - logic and human thinking.

What is logic? Translated from Greek, logic is called “the science of true thinking” and “the ability to reason.” In the generally accepted sense, logic is the science of the methods and laws of human intellectual activity. Logic is the study of methods for achieving truth using experience and knowledge gained previously.

Thinking is considered to be mental process, during which the previously received information is processed and interdisciplinary connections are established. Thanks to objectivity and correct thinking, a person has the opportunity to get an idea of ​​​​the true state of things.

Taken together, we get a definition of what human logical thinking is. This is a thought process during which logic is used and logical constructs are applied. The goal of this type of thinking is to arrive at valid, objective conclusions based on available information.

Areas and uses of logic

There is no branch of human life where the use of thinking skills using logic is required. Including the humanities, which are no exception; logical constructs are also used in their study.

Often, a person’s logical thinking manifests itself at an intuitive level, regardless of the efforts made. The use of logic makes it possible to speed up the thinking process, make it better, express your thoughts more correctly, and also draw true conclusions, avoiding false judgments.

Why you need to develop the ability to think logically:

• Express all your thoughts and arguments clearly and in an accessible form.
• Find quickly the right decision problems, even in a critical situation
• Correct your mistakes, avoid making new mistakes
• Developing the skills to build objective connections helps you achieve success in your career or study
• A creative approach to problem solving is sometimes more productive than generally accepted standards

Many people think that logical thinking is the ability to brilliantly solve puzzles and tricky problems. However, this is not entirely true. The structure of logical thinking includes many thinking skills, such as the ability to make correct conclusions, succinctly argue one’s point of view during debate, specify, generalize, analyze and systematize acquired knowledge.

Human logical thinking is divided into three points: figurative, verbal (verbal) and abstract.

1. Figurative-logical thinking. This type of thinking is based on visualization of problems and a visual search for solutions. Simply put, figurative appearance can be another name for the property of imagination.
2. Abstract logical thinking. Logical structures contain abstract models, that is, unreal objects that do not exist in nature. In order to thoroughly master this type of thinking, an individual must be able to abstract from the material.
3. Verbal and logical thinking. Manifests itself through the use of speech structures. Successful verbal thinking requires not only the construction of strict logical chains, but also competent, coherent speech.

When logical thinking begins

Only a few people think logically. Most of us are biased, prejudiced, infected with preconceptions, jealousy, suspicion, fear, pride and envy.

Dale Carnegie

A person is not born immediately with certain inclinations to successfully draw correct conclusions and build logical structures. Human logical thinking is not an innate, but an acquired property. Even the basic type of figurative thinking appears in children at 1.5 years old. The ability to think abstractly appears much later - at primary school age, at approximately 7-8 years. Logic develops gradually with the development of the personality itself. However, regular training and exercises will only give positive results in the development of logical thinking.

The main type of child development preschool age is precisely logical tasks and exercises. Since it is logical thinking that will help a child achieve success in the future by using his intellect. Development occurs in game form respectively age characteristics children. Logic lessons are included in both the curriculum kindergarten, and to school. However, parents should not neglect independent studies at home. After all, by developing logical thinking, you improve your child’s intellectual skills.

Is it possible for an adult to improve and improve his logical thinking? Of course, this is possible and even necessary, because in the modern world everything is subject to very rapid changes, the knowledge acquired at school and university gradually becomes outdated, and there is a need to update information. Developing the ability to build logical conclusions for an adult can be a very enjoyable process, since, as in the case of children, it can take place in a playful way. If you are an eternal student or a typical pedant, then you can make detailed plan serious exercise. However, it will be much more interesting to get together with friends and play logic games. Information obtained in this way will settle more reliably in the mind and be fixed in a person’s memory than dry memorization of rules and solving boring problems.

Ways to develop logical thinking

If you are determined to take up pumping your brain, then the first thing you need to do is eradicate your laziness and start looking for suitable methods and tasks. There are a huge number of ways to train your thinking. Let's look at some of them in more detail:

1. Board games. Couples and for a large group of friends, serious and humorous - the choice is huge, you just need to determine which type is more interesting to you. The most popular board games for developing human logical thinking include:

• Chess
• Checkers
• Backgammon
• "Monopoly" ("Big Business")
• "Erudite" ("Scrabble", "Bulda")
• Card games (“Munchkin”, “Uno”)

2. Logic problems. When searching for and selecting logical problems, use books or the Internet, where there is plenty various examples and thematic collections. Start with the easiest level, gradually increasing the load, moving towards the highest level of difficulty. If you don’t know the answer, don’t hesitate to peek, because knowing the source data will help you understand the solution and the construction of a logical chain. This type of task includes:

• Rebuses
• Graphic puzzles
• Word problems
• Riddles
• Anagrams
• Puzzles
• Rubik's Cube
• Solitaire games (“Mahjong”, types of card layouts)

Example of a logical problem: Seven sisters spend their leisure time together. The first one plays chess. The second one is reading. The third one is cleaning. The fourth one is watering the flowers. The fifth one is playing with the cat. The sixth one is embroidering. What does the seventh sister do? Correct answer: The seventh sister plays chess with the first.

3. . There are many online tests based on the principle of cause and effect. Most often these are games of the “Find the odd one out” type.

4. Puzzles, crosswords, scanwords, teawords, etc.. Particularly difficult are the digital types - Japanese crosswords and Sudoku. Also, an excellent task for developing the ability to think logically would be to independently compose a crossword puzzle.

5. Mastering deductive and inductive methods.Deduction– this is logic in its purest form. In 99.99% of cases, the deductive method gives the correct answer to the problem. In everyday life, induction is more often used - reasoning based on facts that have a certain percentage of falsity. To explain more in simple language, then inductive reasoning begins with private conclusions and seeks confirmation in general concepts. The deductive method, on the contrary, originates from the external world, and the conclusion is already presented in the form of individual conclusions.

Example of a deductive method: Winter has come and that’s why it’s snowing outside.

An example of the inductive method: It snowed outside, therefore winter has come.

There are several useful tips, which contribute to the development of a person’s logical thinking without putting much effort:

1. Learn to write with your right hand if you are left-handed. And vice versa. This exercise helps develop the skills of the less involved hemisphere of the brain.
2. Constant change of activities. Spend exactly an hour on one type, after the time has elapsed, move on to another activity. Changing your job quickly will help speed up your adaptive thinking skills.
3. Read detective novels. And try to guess the culprit yourself. By doing this, you will do a great job of developing your own deduction.
4. Daily walks fresh air are able to improve not only logical, but also all other types of thinking.
5. Give an explanation for your actions. Analyze everything you do, calculate the options: what will happen if you leave the job unfinished, what the final outcome of the work looks like, etc.

Human logical thinking: why you need to develop logic

Perhaps some people believe that it is not at all necessary to develop logical thinking; you can do just fine without using logical connections. Such judgments are fundamentally wrong. After all, logical thinking and human activity are inextricably linked. Even in everyday life, you should have the skills to build objective chains. For example, in ancient times people were able to save lives thanks to logic and observations - if their fellow tribesman ate a berry and died, then it is quite logical that others should not eat these berries. Or, for the first gardeners and farmers, such skills were useful in order to know that if, for example, plant cherry pit, then, logically, a cherry will grow from it and nothing else.

We will not consider the benefits of constructing mental structures for managers or representatives of technical professions. Even an ordinary janitor understands that sweeping dust against the wind is absolutely illogical. Or the painter, using logical connections, will not start painting the floor from door to wall.

Therefore, a person’s logical thinking plays an important role in the construction successful career, logic is the key to normalizing communication between people, the ability to defend and argue one’s opinion, as well as to realize the truth and objectivity of everything that happens.

The term “Logic” originated in Ancient Greece and literally means “the art of reasoning.” It was then that people first began to be attracted to logic games, and they began to become sophisticated in proving philosophical theories based on logical deductions. Logical thinking is not given to a person at birth, but develops as a personality trait. Human - social creature, and our society has created all the conditions to reduce the influence of logic on ongoing processes. If logic had more weight, and humanity would set ambitious goals for itself, all wars would stop in the world, the number of suffering and poor people would decrease. The paradox of logic is that it is multifaceted, despite the presence of formalized laws, almost every person can find loopholes for himself and justify his behavior.

Development of logic in adults - why is it needed?

On the pages of our blog or the BrainApps project, you could often see calls for the development of logic, but how to do this correctly and effectively? It’s worth starting with the understanding that logic is not only a science, but also a system of thinking. If you learn to make the right conclusions and understand the essence of things, you can achieve much more.

Logic developed empirically, which means “by experience.” It is because of this that a person who has never read the works of Aristotle and Herodotus can operate with generally accepted laws of logic. Every day we witness events, draw our own conclusions, and learn the opinions of other people. As a result of the frequent repetition of the “cause and effect” cycle.

There are certain logical axioms that are the basis of the thinking of any developed person:

• Time is a directed, linear and irreversible vector. From an early age, children are taught the concepts of “yesterday,” “today,” and “tomorrow.” Based on the understanding of these elementary logical axioms, the concept of past, future and present is formed.
• Cause-effect is another logical axiom that children learn before the age of one.
• The concept of less and more is acquired by children in preschool age.
• Contiguity of concepts and their mutual substitutability. For example, a person cannot be asleep and awake at the same time, be sick and healthy, and so on.
• The inductive method of logic is inference from the particular to the general, and the deductive method is from the general to the particular with the obligatory reservation on logical laws. An example of deduction - autumn has come - the foliage has turned yellow and fallen off. An example of induction - the leaves turned yellow and fell off, summer has passed, therefore autumn has come.
• A sequence of actions to obtain a certain expected result (in other words, an algorithm).

Only by mastering these logical axioms can a person have developed logical thinking.

Why do illogical people need logic?

Nobody likes people who live only by logic. These are usually indifferent egoists who do not accept such emotions and feelings as love and mercy. Cold calculation and chess analysis of all moves in advance does not provide any guarantees, because logical laws have their own errors. You can often hear: “Logic is powerless here,” for example, when it acquires new life a person suffering from an incurable disease, or, despite terrible diagnoses, a couple has a baby.

If we think philosophically and imagine a logical world for a moment, then most likely there would be no place in it for cancer patients, the poor and those who do not work. If a person does not benefit society, he would simply be destroyed. That is why everything is necessary in moderation. Logic is not the only support for a person. In addition to it, there are also emotions and feelings, but developing logic will never hurt, especially if you want to learn how to think effectively.

How to develop logic in an adult?

If in childhood the development of logical thinking was not given enough attention, then in mature age The person may have difficulty making decisions, reasoning, and problems determining cause and effect. People with developed logical thinking are more successful in life, they make fewer mistakes, and feel more confident.

1. Try solving logical comparison problems. On the site you can find games to develop attention, exercises like “Compare the figures”.
2. Be sure to compete with friends and play group games to develop logic and attention. Instead of the usual conversations or walks, try to arrange friendly party, where you will compete with each other in intellectual games. This original pastime is suitable for both a noisy company and two people in love.
3. Check your IQ level from time to time to clearly see the results of your training.
4. Translate every everyday problem into a logical problem and try to solve it using deductive and inductive methods.
5. When arguing with people, try to prove your point of view with logical arguments. Practice your wording indirect questions, addressed to the interlocutor to lead to conclusions.
6. Re-read the good old detective stories. Arthur Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie are wonderful authors who managed to teach readers logical techniques in an interesting way.
7. Games that develop the logical component of thinking are chess, preference and backgammon. Add variety to your leisure time with these board games.

Our team consists of psychologists and the best game design specialists. We strongly recommend developing on a regular basis not only logic, but also other components of intellectual abilities. By the way, many IQ test questions contain logical problems. So, if you want to be smarter, you need to train. The main rule for developing logic is regular practice. Our service helps you spend them profitably, as well as get clear results in your personal account and a recommended program.