The giant evergreen sequoia is the largest tree in the world. Maximum height of evergreen sequoia What is the name of the tallest sequoia

Only one tree was awarded the name of the people's leader. So lucky was the “giant pine” that the Iroquois Indian tribe from North America, wanting to perpetuate the memory of its outstanding leader Sekwu, named him after him. The Iroquois leader Sekwu led the liberation struggle of the Iroquois against foreign enslavers, was the first popular educator, and invented the alphabet for the Cherokee tribe.

Numerous attempts have been made to rename this tree. So, immediately after the discovery of sequoia by Europeans, they named it California pine, and later called it a mammoth tree for the similarity of old drooping branches with mammoth tusks. Some time passed, and the English botanist Lindley, who first scientifically described this tree, gave it a new name - Wellingtonia in honor of the English commander Wellington, who distinguished himself in the battle with Napoleon's troops at Waterloo. The Americans also decided to do their part and hastened to christen the sequoia Washingtonia in memory of their first president, George Washington. But priority remained with the Iroquois.

Redwoods (Sequoideae) - a subfamily of plants in the Cypress family ( Cupressaceae), previously considered as an independent family.

The subfamily includes three genera:

Sequoia (Sequoia): the only one modern look- Sequoia evergreen ( Sequoia sempervirens).

Sequoiadendron (Sequoiadendron): the only modern species is the giant Sequoiadendron ( Sequoiadendron giganteum).

Metasequoia (Metasequoia): the only modern species is a relict Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Metasequoia glyptostroboides).

What is interesting about this tree? Sequoia is one of the most unusual and majestic trees. Numerous travelers have always enthusiastically described and describe the sequoia, endowing it with the most flattering epithets, admiring its extraordinary size, marveling at its longevity and monumentality. The largest sequoia trees are only a few meters inferior in height to the mighty representative of the plant world - the almond-leaved eucalyptus from Australia. And in terms of the volume of the trunk, reminiscent of a giant column, and longevity, the sequoia eclipsed all known trees. Crowned far into the sky with thick, wide crowns, these trees reach the height of the spire of the Peter and Paul Fortress, or the 56th floor of a modern building.

The trunk diameter of some sequoia trees is 20-23 meters, and the weight of the wood of one tree sometimes exceeds 1000 tons. One tree produces more than 2000 cubic meters of wood pulp. Only a train of 60 cars can transport such a giant. Americans, greedy for all sorts of sensations, have repeatedly surprised Europeans by demonstrating the size of this tree. Thus, at one of the exhibitions in Europe, two cross sections of old sequoia stumps were exhibited. On one of them a piano with an orchestra of musicians and an ensemble of dancers of 35 people was freely placed, on the other a printing house was built where the newspaper “Bulletin of the Giant Tree” was published. On the eve of the opening of the Paris International Exhibition of 1900, among other American wonders, the largest board in the world, which was specially made from the trunk of a large sequoia, was widely advertised. However, the Europeans were never able to see this board, since the length of the board exceeded 100 meters and not a single captain undertook to transport the oversized cargo across the ocean. This is how this advertising venture ended ingloriously, costing the life of a unique natural monument.

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Interesting stories about sequoia have long been included in all popular publications about plants. They often recall how in the old hollow trunk of one giant sequoia an enterprising American built a restaurant with 50 seats, and in the trunk of another tree fallen by a storm - a garage for tourists' cars. A unique tunnel in the trunk of the huge sequoia "Wawona Tree" growing in Yosemite is also widely advertised. national park(California, USA). The tunnel was laid back in 1881, and during the construction of a modern highway it was significantly expanded. Now not only passenger cars, but also large buses can freely pass through it.

One enterprising businessman piece by piece removed the bark from a large sequoia up to a height of 25 meters. To do this, scaffolding was erected around the tree, as if building a multi-story building, and five people stripped the bark over the course of three months. The numbered pieces of bark were refolded in San Francisco and exhibited for viewing, for a fee, either outside or inside, for which purpose an entrance hole was left. At the same time, it was reported that the miracle tree, having lost its bark, seemed not to have suffered at all and continued to grow as before. The original building was furnished, a piano was placed in it, and up to 100 people gathered for concerts at a time.

Sequoia evergreen in the Palais Aux Loop park, Chatney-Malabry, France. ©Line1

Sequoia is certainly present in the stories of the mythical giant lumberjack, the hero of North American folklore, Paul Beneyan. In a sequoia cutting area, he, together with his blue bull Beibu, demonstrates extraordinary strength and amazing dexterity.

In ancient times historical times sequoia grew all over to the globe. Sequoia forests also grew on the territory of our country. It was distributed throughout almost the entire northern hemisphere to the latitude of the island of Spitsbergen. Now only in California there are giant sequoia trees preserved on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada. After the predatory destruction of this tree in place of extensive mighty forests There are about 30 small groves left. The most valuable centers of sequoia, although with great delay, have been declared protected areas, and, like individual trees that have received personal names, are protected by law. Here you can meet the mighty “father of the forests”, and in his mate the tall sequoia “forest mother”, and the veteran “gray-haired giant”. Americans consider the 3,500-year-old “General Sherman” to be the oldest sequoia, rising almost 100 meters in the national park at the foot of the Sierra Nevada, its trunk diameter is about 15 meters. Practical Americans calculated that 30 six-room country houses could be built from the wood of this giant.

And one of these extraordinary representatives forest world the Iroquois have recently appropriated a name equally dear to the toilers of all peace - name Lenin. The poet Andrei Voznesensky, who visited Sequoia Park while in California, wrote about this in his poem.

Joe Mabel

Much has already been said about the durability of sequoia. Numerous studies show that its age often reaches 6000 years. Some redwoods are many centuries older than the Egyptian pyramids.

It is important to note that the longevity of the sequoia is at the service of science. With these the most ancient representatives of the plant world, scientists were able to look into the depths of thousands of years and, from the growth rings on transverse sections of trunks, obtain reliable data on the climate of bygone times. Reacting to weather changes, trees, in strict accordance with the amount of precipitation each year, grew either thicker or thinner layers of wood - growth rings. Scientists have examined the trunks of over 540 of these giants, and these materials have made it possible to trace the weather for more than 2,000 years. It became known, for example, that 2000, 900 and 600 years ago there were periods very rich in precipitation, and periods 1200 and 1400 years distant from us were characterized by extremely long and severe droughts.

American scientists also determined the weather at a closer time using the described method. It turned out that the years 1900 and 1934 were marked by the most severe droughts in the last 1200 years for the North American continent.

Giant Sequoia Dendrons near the Hillsboro Courthouse, Oregon, USA. This is 5 of 8 Giant Sequoiadendrons planted by John Porter, a small farm owner, in 1880. They are called Heritage, these trees are of great importance for the entire region as a memory left by their ancestors about the development of the region and its agriculture. © M.O. Stevens

Because of its reddish, carmine-soaked wood, sequoia is sometimes called mahogany. Its wood is valued not only for its original color, but also for its unusual physical properties: it is light, like aspen, and porous, like paulownia, it perfectly resists rotting in soil and water, and can easily be processed in any way.

Sequoia bark is much thicker than that of other tree species: 70-80 centimeters. Securely covering the trunk, it absorbs water like a sponge. Thanks to this structure of the bark, these trees are not afraid of fires.

Sequoia is characterized by rapid growth and accumulates ten times more wood per year than our birch, which foresters consider a fast-growing species.

Photo of Giant Sequoiadendron at the John J. Tyler Arboretum. The tree has been the largest tree in Pennsylvania since 1950. Planted in 1856. The central trunk was damaged in 1895, causing the tree to grow into several trunks. As of 2006, the height is 29m, the trunk circumference is 3.93m, and the crown spread is 10.9m. The tree might be the largest Giant Sequoiadendron in the eastern United States, but even taller trees exist in Bristol, Rhode Island. © Derek Ramsey

Like other trees, the giant sequoia has a number of original decorative forms, highly valued in green construction: with golden, silver, blue and even variegated needles, as well as with a narrow, almost columnar or weeping crown.

In its long life, sequoia has undergone many botanical changes. In the old days, for example, it numbered up to 15 species, but now there are only two: the giant sequoia, which was discussed here, and the very close to it, no less majestic evergreen sequoia. Botanists distinguish them only by a number of minor characteristics, and some attribute them to different genera altogether. Sequoia evergreen is often larger than giant sequoia. The largest (“founders tree”), growing in California near the city of Eureka, reaches a height of 132 meters.

A young Giant Sequoiadendron growing in Big Pine, California. Planted in 1913 to commemorate the opening of the transport route. During one of the most severe crises, the United States intensively built roads throughout the country to improve the economic condition of the country. © Dcrjsr

Currently, dendrologists and landscapers are great job By artificial breeding redwoods. It is grown from the lightest and very small (up to 3 millimeters in diameter) seeds. 150-200 of them are contained in small cones, somewhat reminiscent of Scots pine cones. The efforts of our scientists to acclimatize sequoia did not immediately yield encouraging results. Only after many years of experiments did it begin to grow in many parks of the Crimea, the Caucasus, the south of Central Asia and Transcarpathia. In our conditions, it can tolerate frosts of no more than 18-20 degrees. The seeds obtained from the sequoias that had acclimatized with us germinated poorly at first, and only after the use of artificial pollination was it possible to increase their germination to 50-60 percent. Vegetative propagation of sequoia is now well mastered: by cuttings or grafting.

The pioneers of the acclimatization of giant trees in our country were botanists from the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. Sequoia has been grown here since 1850. In the Nikitsky Garden there is the oldest specimen of giant sequoia in Europe, in many parks of the Southern Crimea and Black Sea coast In the Caucasus, it has now become almost an obligatory tree. The height of some of its specimens (in the park of the village of Frunzenskoye in Crimea, in the Batumi Botanical Garden on Cape Verde and in other places) exceeds 50 meters.

Giant Sequoia Dendrons in Sequoia National Park (Extends from the southern Sierra Nevada to eastern California). The park was created on September 25, 1890. The park is famous for its giant Sequoia trees, including the General Sherman tree, one of largest trees on Earth. The General Sherman grows in a giant forest that also contains five of the ten largest trees in the world. © Dcrjsr

You can also get acquainted with greenhouse sequoia plants in Leningrad, Moscow, Minsk, Kyiv and some other cities of the former USSR.

Syn: mahogany.

Sequoia is a monotypic genus of woody plants in the Cypress family, represented by a single species, Sequoia evergreen (or red). The sequoia is considered one of the tallest trees on the planet, some specimens can be higher than 110 meters, and the maximum age of the sequoia is 2000 years. The plant is used as building material and is part of a dietary supplement for strengthening bones.

Ask the experts a question

In medicine

IN official medicine Sequoia is not used. However, sequoia extract is present in some dietary supplements.

Contraindications and side effects

Since sequoia is not used in official medicine, no contraindications have been identified. Any use of the plant in medicinal purposes contraindicated.

In gardening

Sequoia is not used in gardening everywhere for a simple reason: it grows very slowly, and only the great-grandchildren of the person who started growing sequoia will experience the “teenage” period of the tree’s development. However, redwoods are sometimes grown. In Russia this is done mainly in Krasnodar region, for example, in the Sochi arboretum there is an area with sequoias.

The tree can be grown from seeds or purchased as a seedling. Seeds collected from the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California are considered superior to seed found in European nurseries. The fact is that sequoia was brought to the botanical gardens of Europe a little more than a century ago; for trees this is a small age, they are too young to produce strong seeds. But seedlings, on the contrary, are better to order from nurseries in France and Britain; they may not survive transportation from America.

The seeds need to be prepared before planting; first they are placed in the refrigerator for a week, then soaked in water room temperature for two days. They are planted in sandy-clay moist soil, sprinkled with 1-2 mm of earth, and placed in sunny place. It is recommended to cover the container with cling film. The crops are sprayed and ventilated twice a day; they cannot be watered, because... They can die from waterlogging. Seed germination is low, 15-20 percent. The first shoots may appear in a week or a couple of months.

When the sprouts appear, cling film needs to be removed. Young shoots need sun, but direct sunlight is harmful, so the plant needs to be shaded. Five months after planting, the sequoia already looks like a small Christmas tree. For up to three years, the plant is grown in a pot and watered regularly. Then it can be transplanted into the ground, but you need to keep in mind that sequoia does not tolerate temperatures below minus 18 degrees.

In other areas

Sequoia wood is widely used as a building and carpentry material; it has high strength, is little susceptible to rotting and damage by insects, and also withstands lateral loads well. Wood is used to make furniture, sleepers, telegraph poles, paper, and tiles; They produce boxes for storing tobacco and cigars, barrels for molasses and honey.

The durability and strength of sequoia make it an excellent material for the manufacture of gutters, tanks, vats, and pipes. It is used for interior decoration and exterior cladding of houses. Thick bark is a raw material for fiber boards and filter materials. Even coffins are made from sequoia.

IN recent years The construction of houses from sequoia timber is becoming popular, although this fashion mainly concerns the USA.

Classification

Sequoia (lat. Sequoia) is a monotypic genus of woody plants of the Cypress family (lat. Cupressaceae).

Botanical description

Sequoia is monoecious evergreen tree. It has a conical crown. The branches grow with a slight downward slope or horizontally. The bark can be up to 30 cm thick, fibrous, soft, red-brown, darkening over time. The root system consists of shallow, widely spreading roots. The leaves of young sequoia are flat and elongated, 15-25 mm long, and on top of the crowns of old trees they are scale-like, 5-10 mm long.

The cones are ovoid in shape, 15-32 mm long, the scales are spirally twisted. Pollination occurs at the end of winter, and ripening occurs after 8-9 months. Each cone contains 3-7 seeds 3-4 mm long. After drying, the cone opens and the seeds spill out.

The sequoia genome (at 31,500 megabases) is one of the largest among conifers and is the only currently known hexaploid among gymnosperms.

Spreading

Sequoia grows in the USA off the coast Pacific Ocean, from California to southwestern Oregon, at an average altitude of 30-750 m above sea level. The tree prefers humidity and fog. Redwoods growing above the fog layer are smaller and shorter. Sequoia is grown in British Columbia, Hawaii, New Zealand, Great Britain, Portugal, Italy, Mexico and South Africa. In Russia, sequoia is grown in the Krasnodar region.

Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.

Procurement of raw materials

The plant is not used for medicinal purposes and is not stored for future use.

Chemical composition

Chemical composition Sequoias have been little studied.

Pharmacological properties

The pharmacological properties of sequoia have not been studied.

Use in folk medicine

Sequoia is not used in folk medicine, but the plant extract is contained in the BIO SEQUOIA dietary supplement, intended to strengthen bones and joints.

Historical background

The sequoia received its name in the second half of the 19th century, as the tree was named by the Austrian botanist, numismatist and orientalist Stefan Endlicher, an outstanding taxonomist who created the best at that time natural system plants (“Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturalis disposita”, Vienna, 1836-1840; “Enchiridion botanicum”, Leipzig, 1841). It is believed that Endlicher named the tree in honor of the Cherokee Indian chief Sequoyah, better known by his English name George Hess. Sequoyah was the founder of the Cherokee written language, it was he who invented the 85-character alphabet after observing how British colonialists wrote down their speech on paper.

It is believed that the tallest sequoia was cut down in 1912 and reached a height of 115.8 m, but there is no documentary evidence of this. So at the moment, the tallest sequoia remains the tree discovered in 2006 by Chris Atkins, named Hyperion, its height is 115.61 meters. Moreover, researchers agree that only the damage caused by the woodpecker prevented the sequoia from growing even larger. And before Hyperion, the record holder was the sequoia Stratospheric Giant from the Humboldt-Redwood Park with a height of 113.11 m.

Literature

1. Trifonova V.I. Family Taxodiaceae // Plant Life. In 6 volumes / Ch. ed. Al. A. Fedorov. - M.: Education, 1978. - T. 4. Mosses. Moss mosses. Horsetails. Ferns. Gymnosperms. Ed. I. V. Grushvitsky and S. G. Zhilin. - pp. 374-383. - 447 p.

Some of the most amazing trees our planet - redwoods. These majestic giants have been growing tall and wide for thousands of years and today are the tallest plants in the world

Giant sequoias are a subspecies of cypress. The sight of these huge trees, whose trunks and crowns go tens of meters into the air, involuntarily evokes admiration...

The oldest currently known sequoias are more than 3.5 thousand years old.

Average height trees is about 60 meters, but there are also entire groves over 90 meters high. Today, about fifty sequoias are known whose height exceeds the 105-meter mark

The tallest currently known tree on our planet is the Hyperion sequoia, which grows in Redwood National Park near San Francisco. The height of this giant is 115.5 meters

There is an interesting subspecies of sequoias - sequoiadendrons, characterized by a smaller height but a larger diameter of trunks. The most voluminous sequoia in the world belongs to this subspecies, the 83.8-meter General Sherman, whose base diameter is 11.1 meters and trunk girth is 31.3 meters. The volume of the tree is 1487 m3

Thanks to the colossal area of trunks, even small cafes and dance floors were set up on the logs of fallen trees.

It is usually difficult to imagine the real scale from a photograph, so I specifically found several photographs in which there are people - to make it easier to compare sizes)

Sequoia Evergreen

Sequoia Evergreen, or Red sequoia (Sequoia sempervirens )

Monotypic genus of woody plants of the Cypress family (Cupressaceae).

The generic name was proposed by the Austrian botanist Stefan Endlicher in 1847 for the tree formerly known as Taxodium sempervivens D.Don; Endlicher did not indicate its origin. In 1854, Asa Gray, who recognized the need to distinguish the genus, wrote about the new name as “meaningless and discordant.” In 1858, George Gordon published the etymology of the generic names of a number of genera coniferous plants, proposed by Endlicher, but did not find an explanation for the name “Sequoia”.

Sequoia Evergreen

In its natural distribution area, sequoia is better known as “mahogany” (English Redwood, or Coastal Redwood, or California Redwood).

An amazing, unusual, to some extent even a fairy-tale tree. Sequoia is a true giant of the plant world and is recognized as the largest living organism on planet Earth.

Tree - up to 100 meters high. The average trunk diameter can reach 7 m.

The crown begins above the lower third of the trunk, narrow, conical in shape. The branches grow horizontally. The root system, despite the size of the tree, is not deep - it consists of widely spread lateral roots.

Sequoia Evergreen

Young shoots grow slightly to the sides and upwards. The branches are thin, dark green.

The leaves are biseriate, they are flat, strongly appressed, linear or linear-lanceolate, with obvious annual growth constrictions. The leaves are 15-25 mm long, elongated in young trees in the shady lower part of the crown, or scale-like 5-10 mm long in the top of the crown of old trees.

Sequoia Evergreen

Sequoia is probably the most tall tree on the ground, except for indications of unusually tall eucalyptus trees in Western Australia, and references to Douglas hemlocks (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in historical times, reaching more than 120 m, which were taller than any redwoods.

It is likely that the tallest coast redwoods were the first victims of the axe, so it is difficult to say what the tallest tree of this species was in early historical times.

Today's tallest sequoia, named Hyperion, was discovered in the summer of 2006 in Redwood National Park north of San Francisco. The tree reached a height of 115.5 m. Most trees are over 60 m in height, many are over 90 m with a trunk diameter of 3-4.6 m (maximum 9 m).

Among the list of “fun facts” is that young growth after a fire receives carbohydrates, water and nutrients from a common network of fused roots from trees undamaged by the fire, which allows the redwood to displace other conifers and regenerate even in deep shade under its own canopy. This also explains the appearance of so-called "white sequoias", which have no chlorophyll in their leaves and rely entirely on root connections to photosynthetic trees.

Sequoia Evergreen

Sequoia and especially sequoiadendron love humidity and can grow in areas with high humidity and mild winters (withstands short-term frosts down to -20). The breed has an increased ability to absorb moisture from the air.

In Russia, you should not try to grow sequoia north of Rostov-on-Don - it will freeze. For middle zone It is worth paying attention to Metasequoia, or at least Sequoiadendron.

The breed is suitable only for large parks and Botanical Gardens in warm temperate climates. humid climate. An excellent accent of the first order, planted singly or in small groups at the end of an alley or as a silhouette dominant in the background.

Prefers well-drained, fresh alluvial soils. Sequoia has the amazing ability to adapt to different environments habitat. During seed propagation, plants adapt to external factors range and can grow safely under open air in temperate and warm climates.

Sequoia Evergreen

Sequoia bark has amazing property fire resistance - when it comes into contact with fire, it chars and turns into thermal protection. This principle of thermal protection is used for spacecraft.

Wood is resistant to rot. The sapwood is pale yellow or white, and the heartwood is various shades of red. Redwood wood is poisonous to termites and is used for exterior trim. From the 1930s to the early 1960s, sequoia slabs were used as partitions between the plates of electrolytic batteries for cars and airplanes - the wood can withstand an acidic environment without losing its shape.

Sequoia is also great for Bonsai. The bravest bonsai lovers have harnessed this giant and are successfully growing miniature Sequoia. Sequoia bonsai is one of the rarest and most valuable specimens.

Chokan

The classic vertical is the basis of bonsai, so all beginners need to master the style tekkan before taking on more complex miniatures. According to bonsai masters, a straight vertical represents maturity and perfection.

Chokan imitates a tree with a perfectly straight, powerful trunk, which is quite rare in nature. After all, in order for a pine or spruce to grow straight upward and have a beautiful shape under normal conditions, they require a sufficient amount of nutrition and water. In addition, they should not be exposed to strong winds or competition from other trees. This specimen can only be seen on the plain.

Each miniature tree formed in this style is characterized by a straight, tapering trunk that is divided into three equal parts.

The lower part is free of branches, so the tree trunk, its roots and bark are visible in all their glory. Above there are three main horizontal branches: the first, the most powerful, grows in one direction, the second in the other, and the third - back, away from the viewer. The last branch is especially important; it gives the composition depth, so it should be lush. The side branches are slightly lowered down and slightly turned forward, but so as not to overlap the trunk.

The upper part of the tree is decorated with thinner and shorter branches. They rise up and create, depending on the selected species, a dense deciduous or coniferous crown, spherical or pointed.

When caring for a tree, provide equal and unrestricted access to light and air to all branches. Make sure that the branches do not grow directly above one another; in this arrangement, the sun will illuminate them unevenly.

Compositions created in the chokan style are best placed in an oval or rectangular container.

Syakan

The shakan style reproduces a tree that has survived a hurricane or a landslide. Its trunk - straight or curved - is at an angle to the surface of the container. Powerful roots, on the one hand, go deep into the ground, and on the other, they stick out to the surface, as if clinging to it. Depending on the inclination of the trunk, there are sho-shakan (minimum), chu-shakan (medium) and dai-shakan (maximum).

The lower branch in all shakan compositions is located in the direction opposite to the inclination of the tree. Both it and the other branches are curved, the top protrudes slightly forward. It seems that the tree continues to resist gusts of wind.

To provide stability, the bulk of the bonsai should be concentrated within the boundaries of the container. When creating shakan compositions, oval or oblong shaped vessels are used. In round containers, the tree is planted in the center.

Bujingi

Bujingi is one of the most sophisticated bonsai styles, it was formed relatively recently, at the end of the Edo period (1603-1868). The origins of bujinga were Japanese writers, fans of Chinese Nanga painting.

Creating compositions from miniature trees, they tried to imitate the artists of the Celestial Empire in everything, deliberately ignoring the canons of bonsai. Intellectuals relied in everything on their own inspiration, which they drew, among other things, from the famous treatise on painting from the Garden of the Mustard Seed, the main guide to nanga.

Subsequently, some terms coined by Japanese writers began to be used by other bonsai masters.

The literary style is reminiscent of delicate ink drawings that are created with just a few strokes of the brush. Bujinga compositions require less time than others. The emphasis is on the tall, thin, gracefully curved trunk. The tree has no lower branches, the upper ones are ledges. The crown is small but well formed, there is little foliage and it is clearly visible. Such trees are found in shaded areas of the forest, where, due to lack of sun, their lower branches die off and the trunk becomes gnarled and rough.

Both coniferous and broadleaf trees. The bonsai should be placed in a small round container with raised edges. The color of the container should be bright.

Care and maintenance at home:

Sequoia Evergreen

The temperature is moderate, cool in winter - at least 0°C, optimal wintering is at +8-10°C. From the end of May to the end of August, it is better to keep Sequoia on fresh air, shaded during the midday hours and protected from drafts. Hot air from central heating radiators is destructive for Sequoia.

Sequoia needs bright diffused light, shading from direct sunlight, especially in summer. In winter, the plant needs a bright room.

If in summer it is not permissible to keep Sequoia on an open windowsill (except for northern windows), then in winter it will be necessary to move it as close to the light as possible, even to a southern window, but only until the hot spring sun. With a lack of light, Sequoia stretches out and loses its shape; on the contrary, with too much light, the leaves turn yellow and crumble.

Sequoia Evergreen

Watering abundantly from spring to autumn. Moderate in winter. Sequoia does not tolerate excess water and does not tolerate drying out of the soil.

More precisely, drying out the earthen coma is simply destructive for the conifer. Watering in winter depends on the room temperature, for example, when kept at a temperature of +8°C, watering will be approximately once every 10 days, and at a temperature of +12-14°C once every 5-7 days.

From May to August, potted plants are fed with liquid mineral fertilizer to indoor plants, fertilizer is taken in half the recommended dose. Feeding is carried out once a month.

Air humidity - regular spraying in spring and summer. If in winter it is not possible to provide Sequoia with a cool room, then it must also be sprayed warm water morning and evening.

Transplantation annually in spring, in April - May. Sequoia does not tolerate injury to the root system very well, so complete replanting with replacement of soil is only necessary, but usually transshipment is used, with partial replacement of the top layer of soil.

Sequoia Evergreen

For potted plants, replace only the soil that is easily separated from the roots itself if the conifer is removed from the pot.

Soil for Sequoia - 1 part turf soil, 2 parts leaf soil, 1 part peat soil, 1 part sand. As an option, ready-made soil “For conifers and bonsai” is suitable.

Sequoia loves loose soil; when replanting, make sure that the root collar is not buried in the ground, otherwise the plant may die. Good drainage is a must.

Landing.

Open ground: Sequoia seeds are planted in a nutrient substrate from April to May; young seedlings need to be covered for the winter. The soil and air must be moist.

At home: soak the seeds overnight in warm water with the addition of stimulants to accelerate germination (Epin, Zircon, etc.).

Sow in nutritious soil with the addition of river sand (3:1) at a distance of 5-7 cm from each other, having previously moistened the substrate, sprinkled with earth 1-2 mm, and it is important that they receive sunlight, cover with film and allow to germinate to diffuse light at room temperature.

The crops need to be ventilated and sprayed a couple of times a day. It is very important to keep the soil moist, but not wet, since sprouts often die from waterlogging. To avoid this, they should be sprayed with a spray bottle rather than watered with a watering can.

Shoots appear from 2 months to 2 years, be patient.

As soon as sprouts appear, the film or cap must be removed immediately. Without free air circulation, they quickly die. A couple of days after pipping, the sprout sheds the dry skin of the seeds. If he has difficulty with this, you can gently help him.

But many visitors to Jedediah Smith will never see the cluster of giant sequoias known as the Grove of the Titans. Their locations are kept secret to protect the massive and ancient trees from humans. (40 photos)

These sequoias have a huge trunk diameter and almost unreal height. Like natural skyscrapers, they are taller than the iconic Statue of Liberty from the base of her pedestal to the tip of her torch. Some people who walk among these giants claim that such an adventure is so impressive that it is life-changing. As the naturalist John Muir, known as the father, once said national parks: “The most obvious way into the Universe is through the wilderness.” Photo: m24instudio

The photographer wrote: “The morning we visited Muir Woods was rainy and foggy, all the plants and trees were covered in dew. It felt like being in a tropical forest, and the height and density of the trees isolated us from the rest of the world.” The trees "range from 400 to 800 years old and reach 250 feet in height." Photo: Justin Brown

James Irvine Trail in Prairie Creek Park. The photographer noted that “like kids in a candy store, we got too excited and bit off more than we could chew; or, more precisely, we went on an excursion that could not fit into one daylight. In old, overgrown, dense forests, twilight falls several hours earlier than along the coast.” Photo: Justin Kern

At the base of a giant sequoia tree in Jedediah Smith. The park was named after the explorer and first American to travel across the country from the Mississippi River to California in 1826. Photo: drainhook

The Last Monarch tree in Grove of the Titans, Jedediah Smith Redwoods Park. It was discovered in 1998. It measures 7.9 m in diameter and 98 m in height. The exact location of the Lost Monarch is kept secret due to fears that its release will lead to increased traffic and could disrupt the ecosystem or lead to vandalism. The photographer says, "The Last Monarch lurks in a rainforest with the perfect mix of redwoods and ferns." Photo: Yinghai

Andrea T. said: “Exceptional and incredible. If you love trees, if you love solitude. If you like to feel the vibrations of the Earth, then come here.” This park occupies almost 53,000 hectares of land, of which more than 17 thousand are covered with untouched old redwoods. Photo: Steve Dunleavy

At Redwood State Park in March 2014. The park's brochure states: “California redwoods are among the tallest and oldest trees on Earth. Some grow up to 300 feet tall and reach up to 50 feet in circumference. Scientists estimate that their age may vary from 1,000 to 2,000 years.” Photo: Christian Arballo

A dense grove at Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park. According to Redwood Hikes, “Nothing compares to the pure and pristine beauty of this extraordinary grove on a sunny day.” Photo: Steve Dunleavy

Redwood National Park. The photographer writes: "This small pedestrian bridge in the park is over 300 feet in the air." Photo: Steve Dunleavy

Prairie Creek, the James Irwin Trail, a cluster of trees, and a man to help you visualize the size of a redwood tree. Trees of Mystery explains: “A knocked over redwood tree will try to continue to grow through its shoots. If the branches point upward, they can become independent trees. Groups of trees grow from the living remains of a fallen redwood tree stump. If you look at the genetic information in the cell of each of these, you will find that they are identical to each other. These are clones! Photo: rachel_thecat

John Muir once said, “Everyone needs beauty as well as bread, an indoor place to play and pray, and nature to heal and give strength to soul and body.” Photo: Craig Goodwin

A bear in a foggy forest among sequoia trees. Although the giant redwood tree and the giant sequoiadendron appear very similar, they are actually two different types. Sequoiadendron lives up to 3,000 years, has bark up to 3 feet thick, branches grow up to 8 feet in diameter, and can only reproduce by seeds. By comparison, giant sequoias (redwood) grow for up to 2,000 years, have bark up to 12 inches thick, have branches up to 5 feet in diameter, and can reproduce either vegetatively or by seed. Photo: Linda Tanner

Magnificent green growth in the shade under a canopy of redwood trees. John Muir said, “If you pull one thing in nature, you find it attached to the rest of the world.” Photo: Justin Kern

Incredible canopy in Muir Forest. The ancestors of the redwood tree and the giant sequoiadendron grew in the United States 150 million years ago. By the early 20th century, most of these forests had been cleared. North of San Francisco Bay, a forest of old-growth coast redwood trees is known as the Muir Forest Preserve. Photo: Justin Kern

Large maple tree on the Mill Creek Trail in Jedediah Smith Redwood Park. Photo: Miguel Vieira

HDR panoramic shot of a Humboldt County redwood grove. Stout Grove is a majestic example of an ancient coastal redwood forest and is considered the heart of Jedediah Smith Redwood State Park. In 1929, Mrs. Clara Stout donated the 44-acre grove to the Redwood League to preserve it and memorialize her husband, lumber magnate Frank D. Stout. Photo: Michael Holden

Lush redwood forest and ferns in February 2014. “My first visit to Muir Forest,” writes the photographer. “I was hoping for rain, fog, deserted people and got none of it. But this place has great potential" Photo: Beau Rogers

Alley in Muir Forest. The photographer wrote: “It was very crowded, only great patience helped me with this photo. I was just waiting for a gap between visitors.” Photo: Beau Rogers

There are 10 monstrously huge trees in the Grove of the Titans that were "hidden" until 1998. How could this happen? Partly due to the fact that you need to get to this place through dense bushes taller than a man. "The Old Man of the North (also known as El Viejo del Norte), at 323 feet tall and at least 23 feet in diameter, is the fifth largest coastal redwood tree in the world." The photographer wrote that the Old Man of the North is his favorite tree in the Grove of the Titans. It is not just huge, it has a characteristic swell that makes it easy to recognize. Photo: Yinghai

A moss-covered tree trunk in Jedediah Smith Redwoods. The greenery in this place has spread to almost all available surfaces. Photo: Brian Hoffman

The Last Monarch is one of the 10 largest trees in Grove of the Titans, the largest coast redwood by volume with a height of 320 feet and a diameter of at least 26 feet. Photo: Matt Rowe

Walk through a deep ravine (9.1 to 15.2 m) known as Fern Canyon, which is located in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. As described by Michael S: “The unrivaled natural beauty of vertical walls covered in ferns. Unlike any other place on Earth. Imagine walking through a narrow canyon where the walls are completely covered with lush ferns, moss, raindrops and mini waterfalls. An unforgettable natural wonder with five species of giant ferns. Steven Spielberg chose Fern Canyon to star in Jurassic Park: The Lost World. Photo: Alex Green

The Boy Scout Trail at Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park takes you deep into the forest and into old growth trees. Photo: Miguel Vieira

Boy Scout tree on the Boy Scout trail. This double redwood tree was so named because it was discovered by a local Boy Scout troop leader. A 1931 article reported that it was the largest, 31 feet in diameter and 87 feet in circumference, and oval in shape. Apparently, at one time, two separate trees stood side by side, but then merged and grew together until they reached a height of 250 feet above the ground. Photo: NAParish