How to build a water bath: choose a project and assemble it yourself. How to open a bathhouse from scratch - Step-by-step business plan

Many people consider a bathhouse built on a site with country house, a whim, not a necessity. After all, modern country houses already have bathrooms equipped with everything necessary for water procedures. A bathhouse in a village is another matter. Here it is simply necessary. For many centuries, in the village bathhouse they washed, did laundry, told fortunes, were treated, and often stung. A floating sauna is also, in most cases, more of a whim than a necessity. Although, to be honest, the water bath looks very impressive.

Since ancient times, people have tried to build bathhouses near bodies of water. In this case, the supply of water was facilitated. Water baths were rare at that time. After all, our ancestors understood that those thrown from the bathhouse waste water would turn a clean body of water into a sewer very quickly. And our ancestors treated good water with care. Modern technologies make it possible to build floating baths without water pollution. And do it quickly.

Features of the construction of floating baths

Before you start building a floating bathhouse, you should remember one important detail. The law prohibits the construction of any buildings in nature protection zone. On reservoirs, this conservation zone occupies from 50 meters to half a kilometer. It all depends on the type of reservoir and its size. Therefore, when building a bathhouse on water, it is necessary to ensure the drainage of wastewater outside the water protection zone. You can also equip the bathhouse with a multi-stage wastewater treatment system. If the artificial reservoir is the property of the owner of the site, then in this case no approvals will be required. But drainage will still have to be done, otherwise the reservoir will quickly turn into a swamp. Who wants to live in a swamp?

Design features of a floating bath

It is quite natural that the design of a water bath is very different from the design of a conventional one. This concerns not only the foundation, but also the frame itself.

If an ordinary bathhouse is built depending on the soil on a monolithic, pile, columnar or, then the basis of a floating bathhouse are pontoons. Pontoons can be made of wood or plastic. The latter are more common. It should be remembered, however, that in the winter plastic pontoons should be pulled ashore along with the bathhouse.

Also, non-self-propelled baths are often used as a base for a bath. This option offers another advantage. The fact is that barges are watercraft. And the legislation on the environmental protection zone does not apply to them.

The bathhouse itself is constructed from the same materials as a regular bathhouse. But they usually take wood because it is lighter than brick. And the weight of the bath plays an important role in this case. Here, the lighter the design, the better.

To prevent the floating bathhouse from floating away, the pontoons are secured. They do this in various ways.

1. The pontoons are attached with braces to pipes driven into the bottom of the reservoir. In this case, pipes should be selected from waterproof material that can withstand frost.

2. Pontoons are attached to special loads. Usually these are concrete blocks. The pontoons are attached to the “anchors” using chains. This allows the pontoons to respond to the rise/fall of water in the reservoir. In this case, every autumn you will have to bring the blocks out of the water to inspect their condition and the condition of the fastenings.

3. Concrete blocks are installed on the shore, and the pontoons are attached to them using chains.

You can find out more detailed information on floating baths by watching this video.

The benefits of baths for beauty and human health have long been proven. Gone are the days when people visited the bathhouse solely to wash themselves. People come here for health and wellness and cosmetic procedures, for communication, and just to relax and “wash away” the burden of worries after a stressful working week. That's why The bath business in Russia is gaining momentum, and every year the number of a wide variety of baths is growing.

Stages

Different baths undoubtedly differ from each other, but they have general features, thanks to which the entire process of starting a business can be divided into several stages.

Development of a business plan.
Search for a place and premises. You can either rent a room or buy it. In the first case, initial costs are significantly reduced, but the tenant runs the risk of becoming dependent on the owner.
Consultation with the fire service. The bathhouse is considered a fire hazard, so this point is simply necessary. The quality of materials, ventilation system, water supply systems - the safety of others largely depends on all these factors.
Business registration. Not everyone pays attention to this stage. For example, owners of small bathhouses in private sectors avoid it.
Obtaining a license to sell alcoholic beverages if there is a bar.
Renovation of premises, and in some cases, the work of a designer who will help create a special atmosphere.
Purchase of equipment and inventory (stove, steamers for brooms, sheets, benches, ladles, dishes, etc.).
Personnel search.
Advertising placement.

But the owner’s concerns do not end with where to start a bath business. Such an establishment requires regular updating and maintenance, the cost of which depends on the size and functions of the bathhouse. Changing the casing, stones for the stove, minor repairs to the stove, updating furniture - you will have to think about this from time to time. A every 3-6 years any bathhouse needs major repairs.

Bathhouse layout

A standard bathhouse includes about 10-15 rooms. But these numbers can change both up and down. It all depends on the initial capital, target audience and location. The list of required premises includes:

hall;
wardrobe (dressing room);
steam room (2-2.4 m high and 5-8 sq. m per person);
washing room;
toilet with sewerage.

Additional premises:

massage therapist's office;
spa treatment rooms;
solarium;
Turkish, Roman, Finnish or Japanese bath;
rest rooms of various categories;
children's playroom;
pool;
billiards.

This list can be supplemented further, because everything depends solely on the imagination of the owner. For example, some arrange an artificial pond or bathing area directly under open air, as well as a summer gazebo for relaxation.

Staff

Often, it depends on the staff, their training and ability to communicate with the client whether the bathhouse will be successful as a business, whether a person will visit this establishment again or prefer another. Many owners of private baths this issue don't pay attention special attention. Visitors are left to their own devices, and the owners do all the minor work themselves or use 1-2 assistants, usually family members.

But for bathhouse business owners who have large bathhouses or entire chains at their disposal, competent staff is a must. The main staff of the bathhouse consists of an administrator, a steamer, and a washer. As practice shows, the most difficult thing is to find a professional bathhouse attendant whose clients would be satisfied. Often you have to rely on recommendations from friends and acquaintances.

If the establishment provides additional services, appropriate personnel are needed: massage therapist, cosmetologist, waiter, etc. A large bathhouse cannot exist without technical personnel: a cleaner and an electrician. It can be incoming, which makes it possible to significantly save on wages. Some entrepreneurs enter into contracts with companies specializing in the provision of relevant services.

Types of business: sale of bath brooms

Opening a bathhouse is a process that in most cases requires considerable effort and expense. The business of bath brooms is not so profitable, but its promotion requires a lot less strength . But don’t think that for this it’s enough to go to the nearest forest park and cut branches there. An experienced bathhouse attendant will always distinguish a good broom from a bad one..

To attract as many regular customers as possible, you will have to study the characteristics of each tree, as well as familiarize yourself with the basic rules for collecting and drying branches. Baths need brooms all year round, but they can only be prepared during a certain period. Therefore, anyone who decides to seriously engage in such a business will have to work hard in summer months. Then all that remains is to create conditions for drying and maintaining the goods in the “correct” condition.

In the first months, most of the work is aimed at finding clients. You can organize a point of sale, or you can negotiate directly with the organizations that decide how to open a bathhouse. In the second case, the entrepreneur has a better chance of receiving a stable income. Entrepreneurial skills are essential here. good advertising or a competent manager.

Is it worth registering such activities? It all depends on the scale. If this is an activity “for the soul”, and the profit is small or one-time, then registering a business is not at all necessary. If the plans are more ambitious, then opening an individual entrepreneur provides a number of advantages: obtaining a quarantine certificate, permission for forestry and even the possibility of selling goods abroad.

Worth reading: .

The bathhouse has been very popular in our country since ancient times. Previously, when people did not have access to such amenities of civilization as their own bathroom and shower, it served as a place to maintain cleanliness. Today, the functional purpose of this institution has changed somewhat; it serves as a place of rest, is a kind of folk hospital, where you can relax, take a steam bath, restore strength, improve your health, and get rid of many ailments.

Baths as a business are interesting due to the relative simplicity of organization, high demand for services and good opportunities for development. Thus, a classic Russian steam room, designed for family vacations, can over time grow into a bath complex that provides wide range related and additional services in the field of beauty and health. How to organize a bath business and what format of activity is best to choose, read on.

How to open a bath business, choosing a direction

Advantages and disadvantages of private bath complexes

Advantages of a private bathhouse as a business:

demand. This plus can be called common to all types of steam rooms, since any format of their execution was, is and will be a favorite place for Russian people to relax and undergo medical and health procedures. It is also worth noting its versatility, since among lovers of scalding steam there are both women and men. For business, this feature is extremely important and always “plays into the hands” of the owners;
ease of execution. If large public bath structures require a large area (and preferably outside the city), then such a problem does not exist for private baths, which is why they are most often built in densely populated areas, near houses, country complexes and cottages;
availability. In order to open your own business, you do not need to have a very large budget, and a well-designed bathhouse project for a business will help the entrepreneur take out a loan for favorable conditions, which, as practice shows, becomes possible to pay off in an average of 5 years (see).

Disadvantages include too high payment costs utilities and a fairly long payback period.

Features of public bathing establishments

IN lately The fashion for public baths is returning, but now completely different requirements are placed on such establishments than in previous times. A modern public bath is a relaxation space that includes a spacious steam room, a washing area equipped with separate showers, massage and beauty rooms, swimming pools and much more. Often such establishments have their own kitchens and offer clients a variety of dishes and drinks, including light alcohol.

Learn how to save on mandatory payments, read. Transparent schemes applied Russian businessmen in practice.

A mandatory step is to obtain confirmation of the compliance of the building you have chosen with established hygiene and fire safety standards. You will need to contact the local authority of Rospotrebnadzor, prepare the premises in accordance with the provisions of the “Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Location, Equipment, Maintenance and Operating Mode of Baths and Saunas” (SanPiN 2.1.2.3150-13), develop a production control program and successfully pass the inspection. As a result, you will be issued a positive sanitary and epidemiological certificate.

To obtain a compliance document fire safety, you should contact your local emergency department. The design standards for such premises are specified in SNiP 31-05-2003 “Public buildings for administrative purposes”. Having prepared everything necessary documents, you can begin the actual activities.

How profitable is it to engage in bathing business?

Considering a bathhouse as a business, let's try to find out whether it is profitable: reviews from entrepreneurs and approximate calculations will help us economic efficiency. For example, let’s take a private traditional bathhouse made of rounded logs, opened in a residential area (with a population of approximately 20,000 people) of average Russian city.

The start-up costs for such a project will be approximately 2,000,000 rubles. This amount will include the purchase of a plot of land within the city, the purchase of a ready-made building made of rounded logs in disassembled form and its installation on the entrepreneur’s territory, connection of communications, purchase and installation of equipment, etc.

The current expenses of the enterprise will be approximately 150,000 rubles. This will include utility bills, advertising costs, wages for administrators and bathhouse attendants, and taxes.

In addition to the bath services themselves, clients will be offered various accessories for health procedures (robes, brooms, shaving sets, hygiene products), hookah, and barbecue rental. With an average load, such an enterprise will be able to bring in about 220,000 rubles. monthly revenue, of which 70,000 is net profit. Thus, the overall profitability of a bathhouse as a business will be about 145%, which, according to reviews from experienced businessmen, is quite realistic. The return on investment will be achieved in 2-2.5 years.

The Russian bathhouse has always been a popular holiday destination. After the large-scale closure of public baths built in Soviet era, widespread A city resident received private baths and saunas. With the growing popularity of baths, competition in this area is only increasing. Profitability of this business estimated at 30-50%. Return on investment from 1-3 years (see also bathhouse business plan)

In contrast to common recommendations for placing a commercial bathhouse in buildings over 100 m2, we suggest considering the idea of building a small complex consisting of several detached houses. Clients will be offered hourly rentals of sauna houses for up to 10 people.

How much money do you need to open a commercial bathhouse?

The construction of swimming pools, salt rooms and other complexes is not expected, since this costs additional investments, and the price of the project can rise to 3 million rubles and higher.

In our case, a mini-complex of three bathhouses will cost just over 1 million rubles. new investments

Bathhouse made of turnkey timber, 3 pcs. — from 700,000 rub.
Administrative building - from 150,000 rubles.
LLC registration, alcohol license. — from 60,000 rub.
Connection to utility networks - from RUB 150,000.
Other expenses - from 50,000 rubles.

Total - from RUB 1,110,000

Which taxation system to choose for a commercial bathhouse. OKVED code

If you are planning to trade alcoholic products, then you must purchase a license “for the sale of alcohol and alcohol-containing products” in accordance with Law No. 171 Federal Law. In this case, you will have to register an LLC, since the license for selling alcohol individual entrepreneurs cannot be obtained.

The tax system in our case will be the simplified tax system of 6% of revenue (or 15% of profit). OKVED 93.04 “Physical education and recreational activities.” Description of services

List of services

Hourly rental of a sauna house. Payment can be either per person or general, for example 800 rubles/hour for up to 10 people;
Services of a massage therapist and steamer;
Sale of bath accessories: brooms, soap, shampoos, sponges, etc.;
Sale of soft drinks and alcoholic drinks, fast food, beer snacks.

Reservations can be made by telephone or by prepayment.

Don’t forget to think through the issue of security, since sometimes the facility will be visited by rowdy groups who, after five glasses of beer, simply won’t want to leave the premises in time.

Cleanliness is the key to health

Cleanliness and hygiene are very important when providing such services. Once you get stuck on this, the client will never return. Therefore, after each visitor, the premises should be thoroughly sanitized.

Pom
sewing and fitting

Bathhouse location

To locate the bathhouse complex, a land area of 10 acres is required. It is good if such an area is owned and there will be no costs for purchasing the site. If a business is located on a plot of land that was used for housing needs, then it should be transferred to the appropriate type of permitted use.

Step-by-step plan for opening a commercial bathhouse

Bathhouses can be built by a hired team, and the material can be purchased separately, or you can purchase a turnkey bathhouse, which will be ready for use in a few days. You can choose a variety of materials, from which they are not currently building: timber, logs, frame technology, sandwich panels, brick, brick + timber, etc. However, timber is considered the most economical and practical material.

A bathhouse made of turnkey timber measuring 4x6 meters will cost about 230 thousand rubles. The complex of three buildings will cost 690 thousand rubles. The capacity of one house is about 10 people. In this case, the room will include everything you need: a steam room and a washing room, a relaxation room.

How to choose equipment for a bath

Since such objects are fire hazardous and inspection authorities place increased demands on them, the bathhouse design is developed according to the recommendations of the fire inspection and SES. The set of rules is contained in SNIP II - L 13-62. During the construction of the premises, ventilation hatches must be provided. Walls must be sheathed with hard wood that has not been treated with flammable substances.

It is better to make the interior lining of the room from linden. The rest room must be equipped with benches, a table and a TV. It is also necessary to have an administrative room where the bar, cash desk and staff will be located.

Building a complex is one thing. An equally complex procedure is connecting communications. In this case, you will need “full stuffing”: gas, water, electricity, sewerage. It’s good if the site is already prepared and all communications are connected. What if not? With water and sewerage everything is more or less clear, but with gas and electricity it’s not so simple. The cost of connection in this case is difficult to determine, and the connection time is frightening - from 6 months or more. It all depends on the remoteness of pipelines and power lines, as well as on the “appetite” of network companies. Ultimately, the cost of this stage can be from 100 thousand rubles. and higher.

Recruitment

Problems may also arise at the stage of searching for a workforce. As a rule, wages in such a business are not high, so people are not willing to follow advertisements. Be that as it may, the bath complex needs: an administrator, maintenance personnel and security guards. If we want to provide additional services, then we need to find more massage therapists, steamers, and even hairdressers. By the way, it is better to hire a massage therapist on a permanent basis and combine his work with the duties of a steamer.

For a small bathhouse complex, the following staffing schedule is suitable:

The total payment fund will be about 70 thousand rubles per month.Marketing

Advertising and promotion

Promoted baths with good service are ordered several weeks in advance. Achieving high traffic is the main “bread” of this business. Increasing competition in the bath business every year requires the entrepreneur to regularly search for tools to promote his business.

The most common methods include:

Advertising in the media;
Creation of a website and social pages. networks;
Carrying out regular promotions. For example, when ordering a bathhouse for 8 people or more, you get 1 hour free;
Planning a flexible system of discounts, including for regular customers;

How much can you earn from bath services?

The most important thing is not to “overdo” the price of the service, but also not to make it too low. The hourly price for renting a sauna house depends on many factors:

Presence of competitors;
Solvency of the population;
Availability of additional services.

As a rule, the price in many regions of Russia ranges from 100 to 600 rubles per hour per person. Or the entire complex is rented, then the price ranges from 700 to 1500 rubles, regardless of the number of people.

The main revenue of the bathhouse, as a rule, comes on weekends. One bath house is open for 10 hours these days. Peak attendance is Saturday. On average, companies consisting of 4 people will rent a bathhouse. This means that about 40 people will visit the bathhouse in one day off. With an average bill of 200 rubles per visitor, the revenue from one bathhouse will be: 200 * 40 = 8,000 rubles. From three bathhouses: 24,000 rubles for one day off. There are 8 days off per month (Saturday and Sunday). Total 24,000 rub. * 8 days = 192,000 rubles per weekend per month.

Weekdays cannot boast such traffic. Therefore all 5 weekdays will bring only 50% of the revenue for 2 days off. Total: 96,000 rubles.

The bathhouse is actually a multifunctional establishment. Some people like to take a steam bath in it with brooms, others get together with a close group of friends and drink beer while talking, others get the healing effect, and there are also those who visit the baths to maintain prestige.

Simply put: a private bathhouse is a profitable business! But where to start a bath business? This is already an interesting question.

What is in greatest demand today?

In Mother Russia the following are considered popular today:

Russian bath;
Finnish sauna;
Japanese "Ofuro";
Turkish "Hamam".

Attention!
The most labor-intensive and expensive to build is, of course, the Turkish “Hamam”.
This is because traditional wood is replaced by stone.

From the point of view of benefits, the most promising solution is the construction of an entire bathhouse complex, which will contain all the buildings listed above or at least several Russian bathhouses. However, this option is only suitable for established cities.

Private bathhouse - a “delicious” idea for business

Are you seriously interested in putting together a profitable business with your own hands? In this case, the advice collected in this article, based on the real experience of successful entrepreneurs, will be very useful to you. So, the idea has already matured, and this is a solid foundation for further work. So let's not waste time and move on...

Organizational and legal nuances

Let's assume that you will open and run your business as an individual entrepreneurship. This is the most acceptable option for taxing UTII, and this area exactly fits it, as stated in the explanatory letter of the Ministry of Finance.

A private bathhouse as a business falls into the OKVED group 93.04 “Physical and recreational activities”, since this includes: “ entrepreneurial activity in order to improve physical health people and providing them with comfort, for example, through solariums, mineral spas, massage treatments, saunas, baths, etc. establishments." The number of this section according to OKUE is 019100.

Important information!
As for the fire requirements for saunas and baths, they are explained in detail in SNiP 05/31/2003, clause 6.3.9.
And relations with sanitary authorities will have to be regulated on the basis of SanPin 2.1.2.

Search for a place of "dislocation"

First of all, you need to think about the location of the future bath complex. As a rule, it should be close to the city, but away from the bustle " concrete jungle" Therefore, you should decide whether to buy or rent suitable site for the further construction of new buildings or reconstruction of old ones.

Advice!
Some savvy entrepreneurs practice this option: they purchase a house with land plot of the required area - the building is rented out, but the free land is used for development.
Consider this solution to a pressing issue.

Construction, layout and purchase of equipment

We will not write out a whole business plan now, because when drawing it up it takes far more than 2-3 pages.

We just want to talk about the main points that are the starting points and main “points” in creating a bathhouse business:

It is best, of course, to build buildings for baths and saunas from scratch, because when redeveloping existing buildings and carrying out repairs in them, you will certainly encounter many different problems.
By the way, using premises that previously had a bathhouse or sauna to open a bathhouse complex is also not very profitable - high humidity will increase the cost of repair work several times over.
Selecting a bathhouse project, a developer and resolving all issues with regulatory authorities and utility services immediately before the start of construction.
It should be noted that finding a bona fide developer is a very responsible mission, which is one of the main conditions for the success of a bathhouse business. Therefore, you need to choose specialists who have been tested by time and clients. Then with this construction company We have to discuss the material for the construction of the building - this is also a big topic of conversation.

For your information!
The average construction time for a bathhouse is from 3 to 6 months.
The price here depends on the chosen layout and material, i.e. everything is calculated individually.

You can start the development of a private bath business with an area of 100 m², a five-meter pool and a steam room of 13 “squares”.
Typically, establishments of this kind are divided into the following sectors: general washing area and private rooms. In turn, the rooms are standard, junior suite and luxury.
The difference between them lies in the available infrastructure:
- An ordinary room is equipped only with a shower, toilet and barrel, and the pool is located outside;
- The “junior suite” has a steam room with a wood-burning stove and stone;
- The deluxe room has a dressing room, a steam room, a relaxation room, and the common room is zoned separately.
As an example, let's try to plan a bathhouse with a common washing room and steam room, without losing sight of anything. Let's assume that we have a building for a bathhouse in the range of 60-120 m².
Does the SNiP instruction prescribe the presence of any compartments in it?
- Wash room. There should be benches, a font for 5 people or more, wooden basins, a tub, and pouring buckets.

Pay attention!
Many owners of private baths install shower stalls in washrooms - this step significantly saves space and increases the hygiene of the establishment.

- Hallway - a hanger for outerwear, a shoe stand, a couple of chairs/armchairs/benches and a small cabinet. This set will be quite sufficient.
- The restroom has a sink, several reliable shelves for personal hygiene items, a mirror and, most importantly, a sturdy toilet.

- Rest room. There are no strict regulations here. Everyone arranges it the way they want. What attributes can be placed? Table, sofa, armchairs, cupboard, refrigerator, TV with DVD system and karaoke, billiards, table tennis and similar things for comfort and entertainment.

Equipment for a private bath. Let's say right away that the costs here will be quite serious.
Conventionally, they are divided into two types:
- One-time purchases of stoves, furniture, decor, equipment for a swimming pool, a relaxation room, etc.
- Consumables - brooms, steamers, disposable slippers, steam room hats, sheets, felt or cardboard mats, mittens.

To get started, an amount of approximately 400-600 thousand rubles is enough.

Attention!
These figures do not include the cost of the building.

Competent staff

Perhaps, the success of any started business depends mainly on well-selected, and subsequently consistently well-performing personnel. You cannot do here without a professional administrator with a pleasant appearance and experience in similar fields.

After all, he will be the link between potential clients and the establishment. His responsibilities primarily include: receiving guests, communicating with people by phone, and recording orders.

In addition to the administrator, it would be nice to have a bath attendant on your staff - an expert in his field. By the way, the reputation of your establishment will also largely depend on his skills and ability to maintain a conversation with clients.

Of course, you can’t do without a cleaner and 1-2 general workers (chopping firewood, servicing stoves, etc.). Don't forget about safety! You can use the services of private security guards or a security agency.

Conclusion

There are quite a few ways to develop the considered business. For example, you can expand the range of services provided on the territory of the bath complex - massage, SPA treatments, solarium, gym, mud baths, relaxation programs, aromatherapy, etc. Or you can move towards expanding the territory and the number of baths.

One way or another, you shouldn’t dream about the immediate arrival of dividends. At first you will not know what big and stable income. Moreover, for several months the establishment will operate, as they say, “at zero” or even “at a slight minus.”

And finally, we want to give you one more piece of advice. The bath business is a very interesting and profitable business, as people like to have a good rest. But in the first couple of years it is still important not to go too far, but to establish an acceptable pricing policy.

And when you have formed your own client base, you can gradually increase the cost of services. Then the income will start to trickle in. In addition, we suggest watching the video in this article, which will also help you organize your own profitable business!