Holy Cross Monastery address. Holy Cross Jerusalem stauropegial convent, Lukino village

Date of creation: 1887 Description:

Story

In 1837, in the village of Stary Yam, Podolsk district, an almshouse for women was established at the Church of the Holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus. It existed for about 20 years. The first donor to the almshouse was Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina. A two-story stone house was built with her money. On the day of the consecration of this house in 1855, Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) sent the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God in Greek writing as a blessing to the almshouse, which later became the main shrine of the monastery.

In 1865, with the blessing of Metropolitan Philaret, the almshouse was renamed the Florolarskaya women's community. Its first boss is P.R. Savatyugina.

Soon the community moved to the estate of the princes Golovins donated to it in the village of Lukino. The previous well-appointed house was moved from the village of Stary Yam to become housing for the sisters, and other work was carried out to improve the new location.

On the territory of the estate there was a small stone church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Krestovozdvizhenskaya), built in 1846. This is how the community henceforth began to be called - Krestovozdvizhenskaya.

In 1871, construction began on the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God. On October 13, 1873, the new temple was consecrated.

In 1873, the first tonsure was performed in the Jerusalem Temple - the abbess of the community, Paraskeva Savatyugina, became a monk with the name Paul, and most of the sisters were blessed to wear monastic clothes.

In the period from 1871 to 1886. a two-story cell building, a clergy house, a rectory, a small hotel, and a bell tower were built. Subsequently, with the assistance of Princess Maria Yakovlevna Meshcherina, a parish school with an orphanage and a hospital were established. The life of the community became more and more like a monastery; there were already about 100 sisters in it.

In February 1887, by determination of the Holy Synod, the community was transformed into the Holy Cross Jerusalem monastery of the second class. The official opening and ceremonial consecration of the monastery took place on June 28 (July 11, New Art.), 1887.

In the spring of 1890, construction began on the cathedral church according to the design of the architect S.V. Krygina. On July 15, 1896, two altars were consecrated in the cathedral: the main one, Ascension, and the northern one, Assumption. The southern chapel in the name of Metropolitan Philip of Moscow was consecrated on September 15 of the same year.

After the revolution, the monastery's economy was nationalized, valuable utensils were confiscated, and the library was burned. Believers managed to save the Jerusalem image of the Mother of God and transport it to the temple in the village of Myachkovo, where the icon remained for 50 years.

Street children were placed within the walls of the monastery. In the early 20s. a rest home was organized here. During the Great Patriotic War in buildings and premises former monastery there was a military hospital. After the war, the Leninskie Gorki sanatorium was opened in the monastery. In 1980, the All-Union Children's Rehabilitation Center was located on the territory of the monastery.

In 1992 the monastery was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. The miraculous Jerusalem image of the Mother of God was returned to the monastery.

In 2006, the monastery opened a courtyard in Moscow - the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God behind the Intercession Gate.

Shrines

• Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God;
• particles of relics: martyrs. St. George the Victorious; St. Demetrius, Metropolitan of Rostov; St. Nifont, Bishop of Novgorod; St. Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow; St. Pimena Postnik; St. Lawrence the Recluse, Bishop of Turov; St. Macaria; sschmch. Kukshi; St. Anatolia; St. Sylvester; St. Abraham the Hardworking; St. Isaiah the Wonderworker; St. Ilia Muromets; St. Alypius the Iconographer; St. Basil the Martyr; Reverend Fathers of Kiev-Pechersk; St. Nicholas of Mirlikiy; cschmch. Clement, Pope of Rome; VMC. Catherine.

Holy Cross Monastery of Jerusalem - active stauropegial convent in the village of Lukino, Domodedovo urban district, Moscow region. I visited it for the first time only this year, and it immediately became one of my favorite monasteries in Moscow and the Moscow region.

How to get there. By car: from the Old Kashirskoye Highway at the junction immediately after the Moscow Ring Road on the highway to Domodedovo Airport, at the junction after 9 km, turn left at the sign “Children's Rehabilitation Center”, then 1 km to the village. Lukino. By bus: Domodedovskaya metro station, then bus. 404, 510 to the stop. "Children's sanatorium"

In the mid-19th century, the famous landowner Alexandra Golovina, having become a widow and having lost her only 15-year-old daughter, donated her entire estate in the village of Lukino, which is more than 500 hectares of land, to the women's Orthodox community, so that they could pray here for the repose of her souls husband and daughter.

The women's community with an almshouse was transformed into a convent by decree of Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow in 1887. Immediately after the revolution, the monastery was destroyed, and since 1921, instead of an orphanage for girls, a shady park and orchard, an apiary and an icon-painting workshop, a tobacco factory, a hostel, and a cinema arose.

The Ascension Church of the monastery is the largest and youngest. It began to be restored in 1979 before the Olympics. But not in order to return the churches, the artists simply found a reason for restoration. The domes of this cathedral were a landmark for Lenin, who lived nearby in Gorki, returning from hunting.

And then a cinema and a canteen were located in the cathedral, local workers invited girls here to dance or watch films, two rubles were deducted from their salaries for this. In those days it was good money, you could normally celebrate with it, and people came to the temple in droves.

The main shrine of the monastery, the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God, is located today in the Jerusalem Temple. This icon was donated to the monastery by Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow, and after the monastery was closed and looted, it became a coal tray. Then they decided to burn it completely.

When the icon was carried to the fire, one woman named Anastasia spread her arms and shouted: “And then I will be thrown into the fire along with the icon!” And something happened, the execution was canceled, and the icon, which was carried by 10-12 people during religious processions, was put on a sleigh by this woman and two children and taken to the village of Myachkovo, where it was kept for 50 years until her return to the monastery.

Thousands and thousands of believers always came to this icon. In 1866, she stopped the cholera epidemic. In October 2002, in the restored monastery, Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II prayed in front of her for the release of the hostages on Dubrovka.

In the photo below we see the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross. It is located at the very end of the monastery, but you definitely have to walk to it. The temple has a very strange, unusual purple but it looks great. The hillside begins immediately behind it.

Pilgrims come across here. This one is my personal one. She somehow managed to put on a skirt that exactly matched the color of the temple walls, apparently, she had a voice from above.

The view from the top of the hill on which the monastery stands is magnificent. In the distance we see the Church of the Resurrection of the Word in the village of Kolychevo, we also went there, but this is a topic for a separate post.

Yes, by the way, before visiting the monastery, as always, I quickly looked up information about it on the Internet. And he was horrified. They say that not only is photography strictly prohibited here, but people with cameras must give a written statement that they will not take pictures. I was even afraid to think what they would do with them in case of violation.

That's why I encrypted myself as Stirlitz. He kept the device in his bag, and filmed it from behind trees and bushes, blended in with the grass, pretended to be a nun, and when he met people he started singing “The Heart of a Beauty,” but no one even paid attention. On the way out, I was surprised to find not even a hint of such a ban among the advertisements. Why did I become a partisan?

These stacks of firewood (what are they called correctly?) reminded me of the Baltic states that I love so much, and especially the Pyukhtitsa Monastery, where I saw exactly the same ones.

This building is called the "Old Abbot's Building".

Below we see the Temple of the Mother of God of Jerusalem, in which the main shrine of the monastery is kept.

And this is the Bishop's House. It somehow doesn’t fit in with the rest of the monastery’s buildings and looks like a wealthy peasant’s cottage. Naturally, you cannot enter it.

Small wooden belfry. I don't know its name. All around it there are benches and children playing.

In addition to the small belfry, there is also a large bell tower. It is “big” only by local standards, its height is about 26 meters. Compared to the huge 93-meter bell tower of the Nikolo-Unresh Monastery, which is located nearby, it is simply tiny, but we admired it.

The monastery has two walls, one is brick, inside the other is white. The historical monastery itself is surrounded by a brick wall, and between it and the white one there is a hotel, a refectory, alleys and all sorts of sports facilities. The Rehabilitation Center "Childhood" is adjacent to the monastery, which is not accessible.

The management of the monastery is carried out very competently, this is immediately obvious. In the refectory they sell goat and regular cheese, honey, all kinds of sour cream, and for some reason at the entrance to the monastery - lard. Here we see local inhabitants. The goat poses for me with pleasure and very friendly.

But the huge goat, the size of a pony, simply blatantly ignored us, and no matter how much I teased him, he didn’t even turn his head. But at least thank you for not rushing into a fight. Goats, that's what they are.

And here is the refectory for pilgrims. Very tasty, very cheap, prepared by a refugee from Ukraine. Who recently told me that in Orthodox monasteries they do not serve meat in the refectory? They give! We ate meat and fish cutlet, sighed, and took one more. Homemade cutlets are delicious. They also serve fragrant meat soup, as the hostess says, “shchi.”

Holy Cross Monastery in Jerusalem is a place where the soul rests and gains strength. There is no fuss in it, there is no great-power malice in it, there is nothing superfluous. This is the right monastery, here they are preparing not for war with the whole world, but for eternal life.

Fais se que dois adviegne que peut.

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The monastery was located in Moscow, in the White City, on Vozdvizhenka Street. Abolished in 1814.

The original name was the Monastery of the Exaltation of the Honest Life-giving Cross Lord, that is on the Island. It is believed that in the 14th century, on the site of the future monastery, there was a small forest among the fields, and this is where the old Moscow name came from.

Story

Construction

The Resurrection Chronicle reports that in 1540 the miraculous icons of the Mother of God and the Exaltation were brought to Moscow from Rzhev. They were met future king Ivan the Terrible with Metropolitan Joasaph, and in memory of this event a wooden temple was erected.

The Holy Cross Monastery was first mentioned in chronicles in 1547 in connection with a terrible fire that broke out from the Exaltation Church of the monastery.

As they say in the chronicle and life of St. Basil, he came to the Monastery of the Exaltation Holy Cross, on the Island, and began to cry heavily here. On that day, Moscow did not understand what the Blessed One was crying about, but in the morning the reason for his tears was revealed: on June 21, the Vozdvizhensky Monastery caught fire wooden church, and the fire, intensified by the wind, began to quickly spread throughout the city. The fire predicted by the Blessed One was terrible: all of Zaneglimenye, Veliky Posad, Old and New town, “not only the village buildings, but the stone itself had disintegrated, and the iron had spilled, and many stone churches and chambers were all burnt out.”

In 1550, after a fire, they erected new church.

Nikolai Naidenov, CC BY-SA 3.0

By 1701, the church had fallen into disrepair and Abbot Macarius submitted a petition to build a new one.

In 1810, a new archimandrite Gennady (Shumov) was appointed to the Moscow Holy Cross Monastery, but he soon died before the invasion of French troops into Russia. This share fell on the shoulders of his successor, Archimandrite Parthenius.

In 1812, before the enemy invasion, Archimandrite Parfeniy of the Holy Cross Monastery took the sacristy to Vologda, and the staff covered the monastery gates with earth. The enemy beat off the gates and doors of churches with logs, fatally beat the treasurer and monks, trying to find out where the property was hidden. After opening the floors, they found what was hidden. In the lower church there were horses, nails were driven into the iconostasis for hanging harnesses, there were beds in the altar; the throne, the altar and several icons were burned instead of firewood. The monastery was lined with wagons filled with provisions.

In 1812, according to some sources, the monastery suffered almost no damage, but according to others, it suffered so much that because of this it was abolished. What is certain is that it was plundered by the invaders.

After the abolition of the monastery in 1814 after the invasion of Napoleon, the cathedral church of the monastery became an ordinary Moscow parish church.

In 1820, on the territory of the former monastery, houses were built for the families of the clergy of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin.

In 1848 - 1849, the architect P. P. Burenin built a 6-tier bell tower.

In 1899, a burial from 1538 was found on the territory of the former monastery.

Cathedral Church

The construction of the temple began in 1701, but its completion was delayed due to the ban on stone construction in Moscow by order of Peter I. By 1711, the lower Church of the Assumption was consecrated, and the main one, Vozdvizhenskaya, was finished only in 1726. It was one of the last buildings of the “Moscow Baroque”, and within the central part of the city it was the only centric temple with a petal plan, which was also unusually developed. This decision became possible because the temple was placed in the middle of a relatively spacious monastery courtyard and the author was free to choose the composition. Perhaps the completion was planned differently, but the construction was completed almost a quarter of a century after its foundation, at a time when a different style was dominant.

There were 2 main altars in the temple and 4 in the side chapels:

• The main altar (consecrated on September 14, 1728) was located at the top with side chapels St. Sergius(1858) and the Great Martyr Paraskeva (1858). The murals of the upper temple dated to the end of the 18th century.

• Below was the throne of the Assumption Holy Mother of God(consecrated on September 10, 1711) with the chapels of Mary Magdalene (1785) and St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (1848). The chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was consecrated in memory of the Church of St. Nicholas in Sapozhka, abolished in 1838. Icons and utensils from the abolished church were transferred to the Church of the Exaltation. In the lower Assumption Church, the iconostasis was built in 1836, the coffered vaults were completed in 1785.

The great Russian satirist Saltykov-Shchedrin was married in the church, and State Chancellor M.I. Vorontsov was buried.

Shrines

Destruction

Helpful information

Holy Cross Monastery

Shrines

In the main iconostasis of the mid-18th century, a few images from the 1680 iconostasis of the Kremlin Church of the Twelve Apostles, transferred during its alteration in 1723, were preserved, as well as more ancient icons from the same place, such as “The Mother of God in Prayer of the Apostle Philip and Metropolitan Philip” (1655).

Destruction

The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross was closed no earlier than 1929 and demolished in 1934.

Priest of the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, Fr. Alexander Sidorov was arrested in 1931 and died in a concentration camp in Kemi.

A Metrostroy mine was built on the site of the church. During the construction of the mine in the 1930s, a layer of river sand an cubit thick was discovered, which was mentioned by the oprichnik Heinrich Staden in the story about the construction of the oprichnina courtyard.

Until the winter of 1979, the monastery gates that stood along Kalinin Avenue were still preserved. In the spring, during the hasty construction of the crossing, they were also demolished; Moreover, when digging the tunnel, a cultural layer was exposed with ancient coffins, old foundations, remains of things - all this was raked into a heap with an excavator without study and taken to a landfill.

In 1935, Vozdvizhenka was first renamed into Comintern Street (after the building located on it, where the Comintern worked in the first years after the revolution), in 1946 - into Kalinin Street, in 1963 it became part of Kalininsky Prospekt.

Holy Cross Jerusalem Stauropegial Convent
Opened on June 29, 1887 in the village of Lukino, Podolsk region. On September 20 of the same year, the consecration of the expanded church in the name of the Exaltation of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord took place. After the reconstruction, the temple began to accommodate not 50, but 500 people; the ancient iconostasis was restored in it, and luxurious vestments were arranged for the holy altar and altar. In the first decades of the 20th century, two more churches were built on the territory of the monastery: the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God and the Ascension Cathedral, as well as a large orchard, an apiary and a pharmacy garden with herbs. A shelter for girls, a parochial school, a hospital and a pharmacy were opened at the monastery.

Architecture of the complex late XIX-XX centuries combines motifs of eclecticism and false Russian style. The monastery occupies the site of the former Golovin estate, from which a rebuilt house church remains. The monastery territory is divided into three functional parts: the front courtyard, the courtyard with services, and the park with the former manor church.

The center of the architectural ensemble is the Ascension Cathedral, its powerful chapters are clearly visible from long distances. Red brick, with white stone details, it was built according to the design of S.V. Krygin from 1890 -1893. The four-pillar, five-domed cathedral on a high semi-basement, without apses, is monumental and festive. Its external decoration consists of inter-tier arcatures and brick patterns covering the drums, the top of the blades and semi-circular zakomaras.

Immediately after the revolution, persecution began against the monastery, and in 1921 it was closed, the maple park was destroyed, and the orchard was cut down. In churches and monastery buildings in different time a tobacco factory, a sanatorium, etc. were located.

In 1937, the priest of the monastery, Kosma Korotkikh, was shot at the Butovo training ground. Soon the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, the last church where services continued after the closure of the monastery, was closed. Miraculously managed to save miraculous icon Mother of God of Jerusalem, secretly taken from the monastery to the nearest village of Myachkovo.

In 1992, the Holy Cross Monastery in Jerusalem was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery is directly under the patriarchal care, therefore it is called stauropegial. In July 2001, nun Ekaterina (Chainikova) was appointed abbess of the monastery.

On the territory of the monastery there are preserved:
* Cathedral
* House
* Church of the Exaltation
* Guest outbuilding
* Red body
* "Vasilievsky" building
* Cellar
* Travel gates
* Fortress walls and fence towers
* New house abbess
* Building with refectory

On October 25, 2001, the great consecration of the temple in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God took place. The main shrine of the monastery - the miraculous icon - took its rightful place.
On October 25, 2002, the consecration of the Holy Cross Church took place, which was performed by His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Rus' in the concelebration of bishops and clergy. Mother Catherine was elevated to the rank of abbess. And trustees V.L. Nusenkis and L.D. Olishchuk received high church awards from His Holiness for their great contribution to the restoration and decoration of the monastery.

Contents of the sign to the right of the entrance to the temple: “On October 25, 2002, the Temple was consecrated by His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Rus'. The Church of the Exaltation of the Precious and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord was built in 1846 by landowner Alexandra Petrovna Golovina on the site of the wooden Church of the All-Merciful Savior, dismantled in 1834 During the years of persecution of the church, the temple was closed, desecrated and desecrated. The temple was restored by the Russian Architectural Heritage Foundation named after St. Andrei Rublev and with donations from Russian people.”

Monastery in honor of the Exaltation of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord Jerusalem Stavropegial Women's Monastery (Krestovozdvizhensky Jerusalem Monastery). Date of establishment: 1865 Founded as the Holy Cross Jerusalem Frolo-Lavra Convent. The beginning of the monastery was laid by a women's almshouse (which existed at the Floro-Lavra Church in the village of Staraya Yama since 1837; in 1856 it was renamed into a prayer almshouse), transformed into a women's community (1865) and transferred to the place where the monastery is now located . In 1870 (1887?) The community, which bore the name Frolo-Lavra, was elevated to the level of a monastery with a staff of abbess, treasurer, 28 nuns and a corresponding number of novices.

There were three churches in the monastery: in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God, donated to the Floro-Lavra community by Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) of Moscow in 1855; in honor of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross and the Ascension Cathedral, consecrated in 1896. Closed in the early 1920s, the monastery was transferred to the Moscow Patriarchate in March 1992 to revive monastic service to the cause of mercy and charity. The nun Thomaida was appointed abbess of the monastery.

Holy Cross Monastery was opened on June 29, 1887 in the village of Lukino, Podolsk region. On September 20 of the same year, the consecration of the expanded temple in the name of the Exaltation of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord took place. After the reconstruction, the temple began to accommodate not 50, but 500 people; the ancient iconostasis was restored in it, and luxurious vestments were arranged for the holy altar and altar. In the first decades of the 20th century, 2 more churches were built on the territory of the monastery: the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God and the Ascension Cathedral, as well as a large orchard, an apiary and a pharmacy garden with herbs. A shelter for girls, a parochial school, a hospital and a pharmacy were opened at the monastery.

Architecture of the complex at the end of the 19th-20th centuries. combines motifs of eclecticism and false Russian style. The monastery occupies the site of the former Golovin estate, from which a rebuilt house church remains. The monastery territory is divided into three functional parts: the front courtyard, the courtyard with services, and the park with the former manor church. The center of the architectural ensemble is the Ascension Cathedral, its powerful chapters are clearly visible from long distances. Red brick, with white stone details, it was built according to the design of S.V. Krygina from 1890-1893. The four-pillar, five-domed cathedral on a high semi-basement, without apses, is monumental and festive. Its external decoration consists of inter-tier arcatures and brick patterns covering the drums, the top of the blades and semi-circular zakomaras. Immediately after the revolution, persecution began against the monastery, and in 1921 it was closed, the maple park was destroyed, and the orchard was cut down. At various times, the churches and buildings of the monastery housed a tobacco factory, a sanatorium, etc. In 1937, the priest of the monastery, Kosma Korotkikh, was shot at the Butovo training ground. Soon the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, the last church where services continued after the closure of the monastery, was closed. Miraculously, they managed to save the miraculous icon of the Mother of God of Jerusalem, which had been secretly taken from the monastery to the nearest village of Myachkovo.

In 1992, the Holy Cross Monastery in Jerusalem was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery is directly under the patriarchal care, therefore it is called stauropegial. In July 2001, nun Ekaterina (Chainikova) was appointed abbess of the monastery. On October 25, 2001, the great consecration of the temple in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God took place. The main shrine of the monastery - the miraculous icon - took its rightful place. Temples: Cathedral in honor of the Ascension of the Lord, date of construction - 1896 Temple in honor of the Icon of the Mother of God "Jerusalem" (Jerusalem Temple), date of construction - 1873 Church in honor of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Church of the Exaltation of the Cross), date of construction - 1846 .

On October 25, 2002, the consecration of the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross took place, which was performed by His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II in the co-service of bishops and clergy. Mother Catherine was elevated to the rank of abbess. And trustees V.L. Nusenkis and L.D. Olishchuk received high church awards from His Holiness for their great contribution to the restoration and decoration of the monastery.

Holy Cross Jerusalem Monastery, 2nd class, dormitory, 17 versts from the city of Podolsk, near the village of Lukin, Founded in 1887 from the Floro-Lavra women's community that existed since 1865. In 1896, a new cathedral church in the name of the Ascension of the Lord was consecrated. The monastery houses the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God - a gift and blessing to the monastery from Metropolitan Philaret. At the monastery there is a school, an orphanage, an icon-painting workshop, an almshouse and a hospital.

From the book by S.V. Bulgakov “Russian monasteries in 1913”

In one of the most picturesque places in the Domodedovo district is the Holy Cross Jerusalem Stavropegic Convent. The history of the monastery begins back in 1837, when in the village of Stary Yam, Podolsk district, at the church in the name of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus, a small almshouse for women began to operate. How did the almshouse become a monastery? A certain holy fool named Ivan Stepanovich played a decisive role in this. At the age of 34, he made a pilgrimage to the Holy Trinity Lavra of Sergius to the holy relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh, after which he quit his job as a cab driver and took upon himself the feat of foolishness, completely devoting his life to serving God. At any time of the year, half-naked and barefoot, Ivan Stepanovich walked around the holy places and monasteries of Russia. Everyone revered him as blessed. One day he came to the widow of a rich Muscovite, Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina, and asked for money to organize the reading of the Undying Psalter in an almshouse. She did not refuse, and soon, on the advice of Ivan Stepanovich, she herself became one of the sisters of the almshouse, deciding to also devote her life to serving God. The woman became the first donor to the future monastery. With her money, a two-story stone house for nuns was built, which was consecrated by Metropolitan of Moscow Philaret himself, who had a special affection for the holy fool Ivan Stepanovich. Filaret donated the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God to the almshouse, which became the main shrine of the future monastery. According to legend, having visited Old Yam some time later, the bishop exclaimed: “This is not an almshouse, but a monastery!”

The year was 1860. Less than five years had passed since the Floro-Lavra women's community was founded, the head of which was Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina, and the spiritual leader of the sisters was Ivan Stepanovich. A few years later, the comfortable house where the sisters lived was moved from the village of Stary Yam to the village of Lukino, where not long before a stone church was built in the name of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. Soon the community began to be called Holy Cross. In 1871, another temple was founded here in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God. It was attached to the refectory building and a miraculous icon was placed here. And three years later, when the temple was completed, the first tonsure was performed here - Paraskeva Rodionovna accepted monasticism with the name of Paul. Soon there were already about a hundred sisters in the monastery, and in 1887 the Holy Synod decided to transform the community into the Holy Cross Monastery of Jerusalem.

In 1890, under Abbess Evgenia, construction began on the grandiose cathedral church in honor of the Ascension of the Lord, which we can see today. The height of the cathedral reaches 38 meters. Even earlier, a very beautiful bell tower with 10 bells was built at the western gate, the largest of which weighed more than three hundred pounds. The bell tower, alas, was destroyed in the years Soviet power. At the same time, the Bolsheviks nationalized the entire monastery economy, placing street children here. The nuns were assigned to work at the local state farm. In the spring of 1924, the temple was converted into country club. Divine services continued for several more years in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, where the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God was transferred, but in 1937 this temple was closed, and the priest Kozma Korotkikh was shot at the Butovo training ground. For a long time a sanatorium was located in the premises of the former monastery.

In 1992, the monastery was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church, and services were resumed in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross. Ten years later, nun Ekaterina (Chainikova) became the abbess of the monastery. The temple of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God was restored, and the miraculous image returned to its historical place from the temple in the village of Verkhnee Myachkovo, where it remained all this time in the existing church there. The craftsmen completely restored the Holy Cross Church, painted it inside and decorated it with a majestic iconostasis. In 2006, the monastery opened a Moscow courtyard in the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God behind the Intercession Gate.

Magazine " Orthodox Temples. Travel to Holy Places". Issue No. 247, 2017.

Next to the villages of Churilkovo, Shestovo, Kuprianikha, Kotlyakovo is the village of Lukino, located on the left bank of the river. Pakhra.

In the scribe book for 1627-1629. there is a record about the village of Lukino, which was located in the Terekhov camp of the Tukhachev volost: “Behind Ivan Ivanov’s son Esipov, what was formerly behind Ivan and Istoma Sanbulov, what was after his brother Boris Esipov, the village of Lukino, on the hill, near the Pakhra river , and in it there is a landowner’s courtyard, a peasant’s courtyard and a bobyl’s courtyard...” In 1687, the Esipovs sold their estate to F.G. Khrushchev, who belonged to the oldest noble family, many of whose representatives served as governors, stewards, solicitors, and city nobles. Fyodor Grigorievich was granted a Duma nobleman in 1682. Under Khrushchev's son Fyodor in 1717-1719. in the village of Lukino, with the blessing of His Grace Metropolitan Stefan of Ryazan and Murom, a wooden Spassky Church was built. To build the church, landowner F.F. Khrushchev allocated land with hay fields from his estate. After the death of Fedor Fedorovich s. Since 1734, Lukino belonged to his son Andrei, who served as an adviser to the Admiralty office. He was part of the circle of closest “confidants” of the Cabinet Minister A.P. Volynsky. In 1740, he was accused of trying to organize a conspiracy against Empress Anna Ioannovna, arrested along with other “confidants” and executed. After his death, the estate passed to his widow Anna Alexandrovna with her children Nikolai, Ivan, Marya and Elizaveta. Later c. Lukino belonged to captain N.I. Golovin - cousin of Gavrila Pavlovich Golovin, known as the founder of the Spaso-Vlaherna Monastery.

In 1830, the wooden church of the village of Lukino was destroyed due to dilapidation and all church utensils and icons were transferred to the church of the neighboring village. Kolycheva. N.I. Golovin, instead of the dismantled church in 1848, built a stone church on his estate in honor of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. After the death of Nikolai Ivanovich, the estate with forests and all the land in the amount of about 300 acres passed to his widow Alexandra Petrovna. By this time A.P. Golovina was left alone, because... her husband and their only daughter died and were buried at the altar of the Church of the Exaltation. Being a pious woman, she transferred to the Catherine Hermitage free of charge, into her own possession, all her Lukinsky estate, leaving herself only the right to use the master's manor house until her death. This gift is for the benefit monastery was approved by the emperor. But subsequently, some misunderstandings occurred between the former owner of the estate and the new owners, in particular the abbot of the monastery, and she was forced in 1867 to turn to Metropolitan Philaret with a request “whether it is not possible to revoke the Lukinskoe estate from the desert and transfer it to the Floro-Lavra women’s church, which is in great need.” community", which was located in the village. Staro-Florovsky Yam. With the great participation of the Bishop, the wish of the owner of the Lukino estate was fulfilled, and according to the Decree of the Moscow Spiritual Consistory of August 28, 1869 No. 5016, the estate with all buildings, lands and other lands was removed from the Catherine Hermitage and transferred to the Floro-Lavra women's community, of which she was the abbess. Praskovya Rodionovna Savatyugina. Setting up in a new place required a lot of effort and effort, and there was also the material side. Therefore, at the request of the abbess, the diocesan authorities approved her nephew, the Moscow merchant Yegor Fedorovich Savatyugin, as trustee of the community. With his help, a two-story building of sisters was moved from the village of Stary Yam to the village of Lukino, horse and cattle yards with premises for workers, houses for the clergy and abbess, a small hotel building were built, and an extensive orchard was planted.

The old Vozdvizhensky Church, built by the owners of the estate of the village of Lukino, was too small for the sisters, so in 1871 they began to build a new one in honor of the Jerusalem Mother of God, which was attached to the main nursing building. The church was open at all times. On September 30, 1873, His Grace Leonid consecrated the temple in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God, and at the end of October of the same year the laying of the bell tower and stone fence took place. The life of the community began to improve and became more and more like a monastery. Gradually, interest in the community from those around increased, the desire to pray in the temple increased every year, so there was a need to build a new spacious church for pilgrims. However, first, in 1882, with the funds and help of a peasant from the neighboring village of Shestov, Sergei Tikhonovich Sorokin, and other benefactors, they began the construction of an extensive refectory for the Church of the Exaltation, but due to the death of S.T. Sorokin's construction was suspended for three years until a new donor was found - Moscow merchant Dmitry Mikhailovich Shaposhnikov, who completed the building that had begun.

If in the first half of the nineteenth century. The initiative in the development of charity belonged, first of all, to the nobility; after the abolition of serfdom, it became an important sphere of social behavior of the merchants and other persons associated with entrepreneurship. Moreover, starting from the second quarter of the 19th century, charity became their family tradition. Moscow occupied special place in terms of the volume of voluntary donations from citizens for the needs of education, healthcare, public charity, etc. The history of the Holy Cross Monastery is proof of this. So, with the assistance of Moscow honorary citizen M.Ya. Meshcherina, neighbors on her estate with the community, set up a parochial school with a shelter for six orphan girls and a hospital for five beds with a small first aid kit. In 1888, through the diligence of the same M.Ya. Meshcherina opened an almshouse for infirm old women from among the sisters; in June, part of the fence on the eastern and southern sides was continued, two corner towers were built, a stone bathhouse and laundry building was built at the southern entrance gate, and by the fall a two-story wooden house for the shelter was roughly built.

The life of the community became more and more like a monastery, there were already more than 100 sisters in it, and therefore on October 18, 1886, Abbess Evgenia submitted a petition to transform the community into a monastery. With the support of the metropolitan and the determination of the Holy Synod in 1887, the Floro-Lavra women's community was renamed the Holy Cross Jerusalem monastery of the second class. The official opening and solemn consecration of the monastery took place on June 28, 1887. In connection with this, it was decided to build a large cathedral church on the site between the Jerusalem Church and the former manor house of the landowner A.P. Golovina.

In 1889, the diocesan architect S.V. Krygin prepared a project, and in the spring of 1890 the foundation stone of the temple took place. And, as always, philanthropists came to the rescue - first of all, Vasily Fedorovich Zholobov, a Moscow tradesman who offered 10 thousand rubles. at the start of construction, but did not stop there. He annually allocated a certain amount from his income, and from 1895 he took into his own hands the entire organization of work on the construction of the temple, while he himself purchased materials, hired workers and made payments to them. Mainly thanks to his efforts, by the summer of 1893 the temple was almost ready from the outside, and the following summer they began to decorate the interior. Among other donors for the construction of the temple were: the nun of the Holy Cross Monastery Afanasia (in the world - the maiden Gliceria Filippovna Valina), who, having entered it in 1888, brought her entire fortune, as well as Kronov, Meshcherina, Shaposhnikov, Zimin. In 1891, Ober, the prosecutor of the Holy Synod, sent 1000 rubles from the sums of Mrs. Medyntseva, and in 1893 Yu.I. provided generous assistance. Bazanova. Further internal improvement of the temple great help was provided by the above-mentioned nun Afanasia, who gave 10 thousand rubles. on the device of the iconostasis.

The construction of the iconostasis was entrusted to Akhapkin, and the painting of icons and wall painting was entrusted to the icon painter Erzunov. Philanthropists also helped purchase church utensils. For example, the merchant wife Stulov brought as a gift gilded clothes, sacred vessels, and a tabernacle; Penkin and Zernov church utensils, banners, etc.; The hieromonk of the Chudov Monastery, Father Barsanuphius, donated a full range of liturgical books to the new church. There were many other people who donated Gospels, crosses, vessels, candlesticks, etc. Finally, everything was ready, and on July 15, 1896, two altars were consecrated in it: the main one - the Ascension by Metropolitan Sergius and the northern Assumption - by the abbot of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Archimandrite Paul; the southern limit - in the name of St. Philip of Moscow (according to legend, the village of Lukino was the birthplace of this saint) was consecrated by Archimandrite Theophan of Dmitrov on September 15 of the same year.

Located among the monastery buildings, opposite the holy gates that were located under the bell tower, the temple, first of all, attracted attention with its majesty. The plan of the temple is cruciform. Its top was crowned with five domes with gilded crosses. There were three entrances to the temple, over which covered porches were built. Inside, the temple vaults were supported by four pillars, two of which were hidden by the iconostasis, open to the gaze of worshipers from everywhere. All three altars were located in one row, and the iconostases were located on a raised platform in two steps. At the right pillar, hidden by the iconostasis, was placed the temple icon of the Ascension of the Lord, at the left - the same icon of the Dormition of the Mother of God. All the icons in the iconostasis, including the images on the royal doors, numbered more than a hundred, and they were made in the Fryazhsky (Italian) style, on a gold chased background, and decorated with enamel along the edges. The paintings on the vaults and walls of the church numbered about 150 biblical scenes and were executed in the same style as the icons of the iconostasis. They were distinguished, according to eyewitnesses, by “grace, lightness, beauty, and numerous gilding.”

In addition to the listed and described churches of the monastery, at that time there were many other buildings on its territory, a review of which should begin from the western gate, which was located near the bell tower.

The bell tower itself is low - 37 arshins (arshin is an ancient Russian measure of length equal to 0.711 meters), built in 1874. It had beautiful view and the holy gates in it were painted with sacred images “in grateful memory of the persons who contributed to the improvement of the monastery”147. The bell tower housed 10 bells. They emitted a euphonious, clear ringing that was clearly heard far around. The largest of them weighed 308 poods (pud is a Russian measure of weight equal to 16.4 kg).

There were separate buildings to accommodate the sisters and various monastic services.

The white or “refectory” building, as already mentioned, was moved to Lukino from the village of Stary Yam during the transition of the community. Subsequently, the wooden top of the house was converted to stone, with a spiritual heating system installed in the eastern half of it and the adjacent temple. In the basement of the house there was a heating chamber, a cellar (a special storeroom in monasteries for storing food and other supplies) and cells for nuns. On the ground floor, the smaller half was occupied by the sisters' refectory adjacent to the Jerusalem Temple and small rooms of the sacristy (a special room at the church where vestments - the priest's vestments - and church utensils are stored) and a pantry. On the second floor - the entire length of the building - on both sides of a narrow corridor there were the sisters' cells. An almshouse was also located here.

In the so-called “red” building, one wall of which was the northern side of the monastery fence, and also two-story, there was at one time a prosphora room (or prosvirnaya, where prosvira is baked - in Orthodox worship a small round white loaf of bread baked from wheat leaven dough), a bread shop, a shoe shop, a hospital with five beds, a small pharmacy room and up to ten cells.

The white two-story building to the south of the cathedral church was intended for sisters, and it had thirty-two cells. It was built in 1893 at the expense of the benefactor Vasily Fedorovich Zholobov and named “Vasilievsky” in his honor.

At the entrance to the monastery, on the right side, next to the bell tower, there was a wooden two-story house for receiving officials when they visited the monastery, which was built in 1909.

The house of the abbess of the monastery was originally wooden, one-story. In May 1910, under Abbess Margarita, the foundation stone for a new two-story stone abbot's house was laid. On the ground floor, two large rooms housed a needlework room and a seamstress room (a workshop where linen was sewn), and the rest were intended for the sisters’ housing. The upper floor was occupied by the abbot's cells.

In the western part of the monastery, not far from the new house of the abbess, there was a wooden two-story monastery parochial school, where up to forty girls studied. On the second floor there was a shelter for six orphans who lived on full monastic support. The school building was built in 1889 under Abbess Evgenia.

In addition to the listed buildings, within the monastery fence there were seven more separate houses, built at the expense of the sisters who lived in them.

At the southern wall of the monastery fence, along the slope of the mountain, there was a monastery apiary. In the southwestern corner of the monastery at the beginning of the twentieth century. An extensive stone cellar was built to store household supplies, and above it - at the entrance gate - there was a stone bathhouse and laundry building.

Behind the monastery fence there were houses of the clergy (the clergy of a church) and outbuildings. Opposite the Church of the Exaltation and the eastern gate of the monastery is a room for the priest and deacon (junior minister). The second monastery priest, who was appointed in 1904, lived in a house next to the bell tower, located between two orchards. Opposite there was a pine grove planted by Abbess Eugenia, in which the mentioned V.F. Zholobov built a two-story hotel with 15 rooms for visitors. And in 1911, in the backyard, closer to the forest, a steam mill was built and equipped.

A pond was dug in the center of the monastery territory. Previously, on this site there was a large manor house with a mezzanine that belonged to the Golovins. On the night of February 18, 1893, this house burned down for an unknown reason, and in its place the indicated pond was dug, onto which the most important holidays Walkings of the cross were performed to bless the water.

On the south-west side of the monastery, among the monastery gardens and arable land, there was a small chapel with a well. Here, according to legend, there was once a church with a revered icon of the holy martyr Anisia, which is why the well subsequently became known by the same name. The water from this well was amazingly clean and tasty. In 1901, a small bathhouse was built below the chapel, into which excess water was supplied from the well. Despite low temperature(+8 or + 10 °C), many visiting pilgrims swam in it.

Among the visiting pilgrims there were many philanthropists and especially representatives of the merchant class. Wealth for Russian entrepreneurs was not an end in itself, but, above all, a means to serve people. Building a temple or almshouse is the most traditional way of serving society. In Russia, almost every merchant family left a memory of itself in the form of spiritual, social and cultural buildings. So, in 1910, from the Moscow merchant Pyotr Timofeevich Stulov, on the basis of his spiritual will, the Moscow office of the State Bank received an application to make valuable papers, mortgage sheets of the State Land Bank in denominations of 1000 rubles. to account No. 29653 for storage and management of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem convent. It was not uncommon for clergy to make similar contributions: in 1914, a deposit of 3,000 rubles was received into the same account. from the monastery priest Vladimir Nikitovich Fryazinov for the needs of the clergy.

The chronicle of monastic events was regularly covered in the Moscow Church Gazette. They described in detail all the most important facts, significant spiritual and historical events monastery. For example, the opening of the monastery in the summer of 1887 was described in great detail: “The community decorated itself for this day, and on the morning of the 27th it was ready to receive guests. On the eve of the opening ceremony arrived: Mr. Manager of the Office of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, D.S.S. VC. Sabler, dean of the monasteries - Volokolamsk Fr. Archimandrite Sergius; rector of the Yaroslavl Tolga Monastery, Fr. Archimandrite Pavel, abbot of the Chudov Monastery, Fr. Archimandrite Mark and abbot of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, Fr. Hieromonk Theophan the ringing began, signaling the approach of His Eminence the Metropolitan to the new monastery. On the morning of the 28th at 9 o'clock it began Divine Liturgy, which the bishop performed in the concelebration of the above-mentioned persons, in the morning of the arrival of the Ugreshsky monastery, Fr. Archimandrite Nile and a local priest. The small church of the new monastery and the adjacent meal were full of people who had gathered from the surrounding villages and many who had arrived from Moscow. Among them were the abbess of the Moscow monasteries: the abbess of the Alekseevsky, Nikitsky, Zachatievsky monasteries and the abbess of the Passion Monastery Eugene, who took a lot of part in the internal and external arrangement of the new monastery, the director of public schools of the Moscow province. Mr. Krasnopevkov, community benefactors: Mrs. Meshcherina, Mr. Shaposhnikov and many others."

In solitude, in work and caring for Everyday life Monastic life continued until October 1917. After the revolution, the well-developed and established economy of the monastery was nationalized.

From the survey reports, which were regularly compiled by members of the Podolsk district executive committee, it is known that, for example, in 1921, on the territory of the Lukinsky monastery there was Orphanage- “Lukinsky Children’s Town” named after A. Kollontai. Then the state farm of district significance “Lukino” was located in the monastery. Ostrovskaya volost. Among the last tenants was pharmaceutical plant No. 12 named after. Semashko. During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), a hospital was located in the buildings and premises of the former monastery. After the war - a sanatorium, and then the All-Union Children's Rehabilitation Center, for which on the monastery territory in the 1980s. a new modern competition was built. Children from all over Russia come here for treatment and rehabilitation.

In 1992, the Head of the Administration of the Moscow Region adopted Resolution No. 108 “On the transfer of the architectural monument of the Holy Cross Monastery complex to the village. Lukino Leninsky district for the use of the Moscow Patriarchate." By this time, the territory and most of the buildings of the monastery were in a dilapidated state, having once existed orchards, a unique maple park and a birch grove were cut down over the decades, the monastery cemetery where the Golovins, who donated their estate to the monastery, were buried, many benefactors, the famous Moscow landscape artist N.V. Meshcherin and others built them with cottages.

The monastery was re-consecrated 70 years later by the Holy Hierarch Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II. And today the monastery is improving its spiritual and economic life. As before, regular services are held in churches, which are attended by residents of surrounding villages and Muscovites who come to the monastery.