Folk calendar: weather signs, holidays, customs. The calendar will accept - find out what the holiday holds! What holiday is tomorrow according to the folk calendar?

A calendar is a system for counting periods of time. The first folk calendars arose a long time ago, in ancient times, because there was a need to measure time and record events and signs. The word calendar comes from Latin words caleo - to proclaim and calendarium - debt book. This is due to the fact that in Ancient Rome the beginning of each month was especially proclaimed, and because it was customary to pay debts on the first day of the month.

In Rus', the folk calendar was called the month. The month book covered the entire year of peasant life, “describing” day by day, month after month, where each day corresponded to its own folk holidays or everyday life, customs and superstitions, traditions and rituals, natural folk signs and phenomena. Cyclicity in the folk calendar resembles human life, where spring is youth, summer is blossoming, autumn is the time of collecting fruits (it’s good if there are some, otherwise you can live your life but not collect fruits), winter is the time of wisdom and peace.

In the folk calendar, the monthly calendar, one season always replaces another and is determined by this way of life person. In this regard, a folk calendar was formed in which there were practically no nameless, unmarked days. Each day of the folk calendar was special and had its own purpose. All this was determined by climate conditions and astrological phenomena.

Since ancient times in Rus', peasants - plowmen and hunters - have compiled special oral folk calendars - monthly calendars. They included observations of the weather, seasonal phenomena, animal habits and the condition of plants, and connections between them were established. On their basis, economic councils were developed, labor customs and rituals were formed. It was a kind of encyclopedia of folk superstitions, in which the labor experience of many generations was concentrated and preserved. As man's economic horizons expanded, the calendar was replenished with new items, data and conclusions.

What is a “folk calendar”? A folk calendar or monthly calendar is an annual circle of events, peasant labor, family and worldly life, customs and rituals, natural phenomena and superstitions, etc., fixed by days (dates, numbers).
An integral part of the Folk Calendar are agricultural holidays, rituals, customs, and signs. They marked all labor cycles - plowing, sowing, reaping, harvesting, haymaking, threshing, hunting, harvesting. The folk calendar reflected the specifics of the lifestyle of the Orthodox Russian peasant, and those natural conditions where he lived. This is how folk holidays and signs appeared, generation after generation, which made up the folk calendar. The folk calendar may well serve as a kind of encyclopedia of peasant life with its holidays and everyday life.

We really hope that this folk calendar will be useful and educational - after all, this is the life of our ancestors. This is the Russian folk calendar according to which our grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived.

Calendar for 2020 Russian folk signs about every day

Designations in the calendar: X - EASTER OF CHRIST; X - fast days; X - Twelfth holidays; X - Great holidays; X - continuous weeks; X - days of special remembrance of the dead;

Orthodox and folk holidays in 2020

Twelfth Immovable Holidays:

January 7 (December 25, old style) –
January 19 (January 6) –
February 15 (February 2) –
April 7 (March 25) –
August 19 (August 6) –
August 28 (August 15) –
September 21 (September 8) –
September 27 (September 14) –
December 4 (November 21) –

Great holidays:

All Orthodox Church holidays -

Folk signs, proverbs and sayings

A proverb is a short folk saying with an edifying meaning; folk aphorism.

A proverb is a predominantly figurative expression, which does not constitute, unlike a proverb. a complete statement and not an aphorism.

Folk signs, proverbs and sayings date back to ancient times. At a time when humanity on earth still had virtually no reserves scientific knowledge, it was folk signs that were called upon to provide explanations for those events that were not obvious. Centuries and even millennia have passed since then, but folk signs have penetrated so deeply into human consciousness that even all achievements modern science are not able to limit the influence of folk signs, proverbs and sayings on human life.
Folk signs, proverbs and sayings that arose in ancient times are still actively alive today. Over time, many signs took the form of proverbs and sayings.
Complete dependence on nature forced the farmer to be a subtle observer, to notice the smallest details in changes in nature, to grasp patterns and connections between one phenomenon and another. Russian peasants composed thousands of proverbs and sayings containing teachings, advice and signs on how to run a household - they created their own folk calendar of signs.

The leaves on the oak tree are developing - the pike catch begins.
When the bird cherry blossoms, catch bream.
When the clouds set in ringlets, it means rain.
The sun sets in the fog - it means rain.
A foggy circle near the sun means a blizzard.
Crimson dawns - towards the wind.
A clear month means dryness.
Strong wind during rain means good weather.
Thunder in winter means strong winds.
Lightning in winter means a storm.
The greener the rainbow, the more rain.
Red rainbow - clear weather.
Clouds before sunrise mean rain.
Soaring - before the rain.
The sunny rain will pass soon.
If the rain gets heavy, it will stop soon.
There is fog over the forest - it will rain, mushrooms will grow.
Fog spreads across the water - good weather.
In winter, the smoke stands in a column - it means frost.
The forest is noisy in winter - expect a thaw.
An oak tree making noise in the summer means bad weather.
A decrease in the river means rain, a gain means good weather.
Dry branches from trees fall in calm weather - leading to rain.
Marigolds wake up by noon - there will be a thunderstorm.
Dandelions are hiding - for rain.

It is easy to notice that the signs are surprisingly accurately related to the living folk calendar of nature. For example:

The lark began to sing - it’s time to go out into the arable land.
This barley when the horsefly buzzes.
Young jackdaws are screaming - it’s time to sow oats.
The frog croaks - the oats jump.
Sow wheat when spring has red days.
The latest time to sow oats is when the apple trees bloom.
Strawberries are red, don't eat oats in vain.
The rowan tree is blooming - it’s time to sow flax.
When the cones on the tree are red and the cones on the pine tree are green, whose barley is it?
This buckwheat, when the grass is good.
When the oak blossoms - these peas.

People carefully observed insects, domestic animals, forest animals, birds, fish, plants:

The hare and squirrel molt early - by early spring.
Rook on the mountain - spring is in the yard.
The lark means warmth, the finch means cold.
The seagull has arrived - the ice is falling.
The horse stomps, kicks with its hind leg - to bad weather.
Sheep bleat before the rain in summer.
Birds are plucking - for rain.
Chickens sit on the roost early - in anticipation of frost.
The higher the chickens sit on the roost, the stronger the frost will be.
Chickens bathing in the sand means rain.
Geese are flapping their wings, and pigs are itching - it's frosty.
The rooster crows at the wrong time - towards the bucket.
Flies and mosquitoes are more annoying - it means rain.
Swallows flutter low - towards the rain, high - towards the bucket.
The early chirping of larks means warm weather.
Beetles are buzzing - bad weather.
Ants are hiding - to a thunderstorm or heavy rain.
If a bee sits in a hive and buzzes, wait for rain.
Intensified work of spiders means warmth and good weather.
The cat is sleeping soundly - for warmth.
A cat in a ball - frost on the threshold.
The horse snorts - to the warmth.
The cat scratches the floor - into the wind, into the snowstorm.
The goose raises its paw - the cold awaits.
A goose hides its nose under its wing - to the cold.
Chickens wagging their tails means a snowstorm.
A chicken standing on one leg means it’s cold.
The birds are silent - expect thunder.
When woodpeckers are very audible, it will rain.
Frogs are silent in the face of cold weather.
In good weather there are few mosquitoes - expect bad weather.
Birds build nests on the sunny side of trees - for a cold summer.
A squirrel builds a nest low on a tree - for a frosty winter, high - for a warm one.
Lots of berries - for a cold winter.
If rain is rare in summer, expect mushrooms.

Here are some signs about the harvest:

For the time being, no seed is sown.
He who sows early does not lose seeds.
A day earlier you sow, a week earlier you reap.
If you miss an hour in the spring, you won’t be able to make it up in a year.
Every seed knows its time.
The early fallow will give birth to wheat, and the late fallow will give birth to broom.
Early sowing and late sowing do not go into the barn.
The earth has warmed up - don’t be late with sowing.

January 1- If the night of January 1st is starry, then there will be a large harvest of berries in the summer. As is the first day of January, so is the first day of summer.
January 6- Christmas Eve. Frost is coming. Winter is not frolicking in the forest, but right on our noses. A clear day means a good harvest. If the paths are black, there is a harvest for buckwheat. The firmament is starry - a berry year awaits and there is a large offspring for the livestock. The day arrived on the chicken foot.
January 7- Christmas. Snowdrifts piled high - to have a good year. If there is a thaw, spring will be early and warm. From 7 to 14 January. Christmas time. In advance, logs were prepared in the forests for log houses in order to transport them through the snow to the estates.
January 8- Women's holiday, porridge holiday. On the holiday of porridge, everyone goes with a spoon - a full ladle will not disperse the family. They do carpentry and play musical instruments.
January 12- Anisya winter. Guest, guest, come to the threshold. In front of the guest there are mushrooms, pickles, and the brew from the oven on the table with swords.
January 13- Vasilyev evening. Generosity. Gardeners shake snow off apple trees at midnight for harvest. If at night the wind blows from the south, the year will be hot and prosperous, from the west - to an abundance of milk and fish, from the east - expect a fruit harvest.
January 14- New Year. Vasiliev's day. Basil the Great. It's the middle of winter. If there is fog - for the harvest.
January 15- Sylvester. Chicken holiday. The children are given clay roosters. January drives the blizzard seven miles away.
January 18- Epiphany Christmas Eve is a hungry evening. A full month means a big spill. They collect snow for whitening canvases and for baths.
January 19- Baptism. Epiphany frosts. At night the sky opens (clears). If there is a snowstorm, then take revenge on it in three months. People call this day Epiphany. If the day is warm, the bread will be dark, that is, thick; cold, clear - a dry summer ahead; cloudy and snowy - wait bountiful harvest. Baptism under full month- be big water. Dogs bark a lot - there will be a lot of game and animals.
January 21- Emelyan Zimny. "Emelyan, make a snowstorm." Blizzard in winter is a custom. The nature of winter is finally judged. If it blows from the south, it promises a stormy summer.
January 23- Grigory Letoukazatel. If there is frost on trees, stacks and stacks, it means a wet and cold summer.
January 24- Fedoseevo is warm. If it's warm, it's time for early spring.
January 25- Tatyana's day. The sun will peek through - the early arrival of birds, snow - a rainy summer.
January 28- Peter-Paul added more days. If there is wind, it will be a wet year.
January 29- Peter is half-fed, which means half of the winter food has been eaten by domestic animals.
January 30- Anton perezimny. Perezimnik - will reassure, warm, and then deceive - everything will be covered with frost. Don't believe it warm weather in winter.
January 31- Afanasy Lomonos. Afanasievsky frosts. Clematis freezes his nose. Crows fly and circle in flocks - to frost. Frost doesn't like to joke. “It’s not a wonder that Afanasy the clematis has a freezing nose, but wait for Timofey the half-winter (February 4) - Timofey’s frosts.”

February 1- Macarius day. If there are drops, believe in early spring. Whatever the weather is on the first day, such is the whole of February.
February 2- Efim. “There is a snowstorm on Efimiya - the whole Maslenaya week is snowstorm.” “The sun is at noon on Efimiya - there will be early spring.” A blizzard will screech and it will snow all week.
February 4- Timofey Poluzimnik. Half the winter has passed. Timofeevsky frosts. Knocks off the horn of winter. It's time not to doze - to get along with the plows, to straighten the carts. On this day, beekeepers inspect bees in omshaniks. They listen: the bees are buzzing barely audibly - they endure the winter easily; a restless hum indicates trouble in the bee family.
February 6- Ksenia (Aksinya). Aksinya Half-winter, Half-bread, Spring indicator. The turning point of winter. “Half-winter in half - but it doesn’t evenly divide the winter; by spring it’s harder for a man.” “Half the stock in the bin: half of the old bread has been eaten, half of the time remains until the new harvest.” “Like Aksinya, so is spring.” If there is a bucket, spring is red.
February 10- Ephraim the Syrian. Ephraim's day. "Efrem Vetroduy brought the wind - to the damp, cold year." The wind will confuse the weather - it will be a wet year.
February 14- Starfall - quiet spring. The sky at night is starry - towards late spring.
February 15- Candlemas - winter meets spring and summer. Sretensky frosts. If the sun shines through, then the first meeting of winter and spring has taken place, but if it doesn’t shine through, expect further frosts. Snow in the morning means a harvest of early grain, at noon - middle grain, and in the evening - late grain. At Candlemas there are drops - in the spring there is rain. On Candlemas, drops indicate a harvest for wheat.
February 16- Simeon and Anna. Popularly called "Pochinki". Summer harnesses are inspected and repaired. No wonder they say: “Prepare a cart in winter and a sleigh in summer.” On this day the straw is boiled: “The straw has arrived in the yard, start the repairs.” "A dashing brownie, he brings in the horses at night." To ward off evil, they tie a whip and onuchi around the horses' necks: the brownie then does not dare to touch the horse, imagining that the owner himself is sitting on it.
February 17- Nikola Studeny. It is a rare year in Rus' that this day goes by without frost. “A mountain of snow will fall on the frozen Nikolai.” "Nikola Icy is a little hungry in the cold." “If only I could survive Blasius with Cyril and Athanasius.” Time for animal weddings. The foxes begin to dance, simpering in front of each other.
February 18- Agafya Korovatnitsa. The martyr Agafya was revered among the peasants as the patroness of livestock. “In Agafya, cow death is spreading through the villages.” According to legend, in order not to let her into the yard and to protect the cows from death, peasants clean the barns with old bast shoes soaked in tar, from which cow death runs away without looking back.
February 19- Vukol Vealnik. “Beetles calve on Saint Vukol (that’s the name given to cows and calves born in February).” "The Vukols will come - all the bugs will flock." We took care of the successful outcome of the spring calving of cows. Frosts promise a stormy spring, dry and hot summer.
February 21- Zachary the Sickle Seer. The sickles are taken out and inspected. The colder the last week of February, the warmer it is in March. “Look at Zechariah the Sickle-Seer for summer sickles.” The women reapers pray to Zechariah the Sickle. On this day, they take out sickles and sprinkle them with Epiphany water. “You don’t sharpen sickles when you’re going to the stubble.”
February 23- Prokhor. Prokhor and Vlas; It's not like spring is coming soon. “Once upon a time the frost will burn Blasius to tears.”
February 24- Vlasiy. Vlasievo frosts. Vlasiy will spill oil on the roads - it’s time for winter to put its feet away, it knows the way, following Prokhor. The frost began to sing - the sled track froze.

March 1- First day of spring, newbie. If from the first days spring is wild and not shy, it will deceive, there is nothing to believe.
March 5- Lev Katansky. It was not customary for Lev Katansky to look at shooting stars. Snow melts for the first time in spring.
March 6- Timofey Spring blows warmth, warms the elderly. Sap flow begins in maples and birches. "Timofey Vesnovey - it's already warm at the door." "Warmly welcomes you in spring."
March 9- Midsummer's day. Finding (finding the head of John the Baptist). Bird sweating, finding nests. The bird is making its nest, and migrant flies from warm places. If it’s a snowy day, then it’s snowy in April, and if it’s bare, then it’s snowy in April. “It’s time for the magpies to go into the forest, and for the black grouse to sing.”
March 12- Prokop Perezimnik is destroying the road and is stuck in a snowdrift. The water has a sharp nose - it penetrates everywhere. “The winter trench (November 25) will dig up the road, but the winter trench will destroy the road.”
March 13- Vasily the Confessor, Vasily Kapelnik, Vasily Teply. Long drips (icicles) - long flax. If it rains, good luck. They watch how the circles around the tree melt - the edges are steep, so spring will be steep, the slopes - spring is long. "On Vasily Teply, the sun is in circles - for the harvest." "If it rains, the summer will be wet."
March 14- Evdokia Plyushchikha. The name is given from the state of the snow: as it melts, it flattens. Another name is Evdokia Zamochi Podol. If the chicken drinks water on Evdokia, then on Yegoryev's Day (May 6) the sheep will eat grass. March 14 has always been considered a “firm” summer indicator: what is the day, so is the summer. They call spring to Evdacea: “Spring is red, what you brought to us is a red little fly.”
March 15- Fedot Vetronos. The peasants are afraid of strong winds and snow. "There's a drift on Fedot - the cattle will go for demolition." “There’s a drift on Fedot (wind, blizzard) - you’ll blow away all the hay (there won’t be any grass for a long time).” "Fedot is evil - don't be with the grass."
March 17- Gerasim Grachevnik. "The rookery has brought in the rooks." "The rook brought spring." "The rook is on the mountain - so spring is in the yard." "Gerasim Rook leads the rook to Rus'." If the rook has arrived, the snow will melt in a month. If the rooks fly straight to their old nests, then the spring will be friendly, the water will run away all at once.
March 18- Konon Ogorodnik. On this day, it was recommended to soak cabbage and tomato seeds for sowing in closed greenhouses. They were updating and preparing the greenhouses: “Konon called me to the garden.” “On Konon Gradar, start digging ridges in the garden.” They noted: “If it is clear on Konon, the summer will not be hail-producing.”
March 22- Forty forty. Second meeting of spring. The day of mass arrival - "forty forty" - birds. If it’s warm, forty days will be warm; if it’s cold, expect forty cold mornings.
March 30- Alexey Teply. Alexey - water from the mountains. Stormy snowmelt. If it's warm, then spring will be warm.

April 1- Daria Dirty Ice Holes. Daria Poplavikha - the snow is melting. "The ice holes are clouding on Daria." Daria's canvases are whitewashed. "They've gone through the frosts." They noted: “If the spring water comes to Daria with noise, there are good herbs, but when it is quiet, bad grass grows.”
April 7- Annunciation. Spring has overcome winter. Third meeting of spring. If there is wind, frost and fog - for a fruitful year. If there is snow on the roofs, there will be snow in the field in another month. The first mushrooms grow on a hillock - towards the summer rains, settled in a hollow - towards the land. If the Annunciation is cold, expect forty frosts in the morning. Badgers and raccoons emerge from holes, hedgehogs emerge from rotten stumps, and forest ants emerge from heaps.
April 9- Matryona Nastovnitsa. The last snowfall is disappearing. They were in a hurry to bring into the yard the remains of hay and straw that had been in the stacks since the summer. Arrival of pigalits - nastovnits (as lapwings are called in Kostroma province). The lapwing flew in and brought water on its tail. Lapwing screams in the evening - for clear weather. Arrival of buntings. "The oatmeal sang: 'Leave the sleigh, take the cart.'" There is a ford under the threshold - there is a crossing on the street. "The pike breaks the ice with its tail." "Matryona half-repnitsa." Select half of the turnips for planting for seeds.
April 12- Average time for woodcocks to start pulling. If the craving suddenly stops, expect a quick cold snap or snow.
April 14- Mary of Egypt. Marya Light the Snow. The ice breaks quickly - walking is dangerous. If the ice suddenly disappears, the year will be easy and good. If the ice on the river disappears or remains on the shore, the year will be difficult. “On Mary of Egypt the snow melted behind the log (and under the bush).”
April 15- Titus Icebreaker. Polycarp. Spring floods the river. "The Mother River is on a spree." “If floodwaters spill from Marya on Polikarpov’s day, then we must expect large grasses and early mowing.” Intensive mating of wood grouse begins.
April 16- Nikita Vodopol. The rivers are overflowing. The merman wakes up from hibernation. Fishermen on the Oka remark: “If the ice does not go on this day, then fishing will be poor.”
April 18- Fedulov's day. Fedora Vetrenitsa. April puffed up her lips - the heat blew. The crickets are waking up.
April 21- Rodion and Ruth. Rodion Turn out the shafts. First trip to the field. If the meeting between the red sun and the month is good - a clear day and a good summer, and if it is bad - bad weather and bad summer.
April 24- Anton (Antip) Polovod. "Antip dissolved the waters." Use the antipodean water to guess about the bread. If the waters have not opened, then the spring will be late and the summer will be bad. "Antip without water is a granary without grain."
April 25- Vasily Pariysky. The earth is floating. “Antip pours water on the floodplains, Vasily gives steam.” “On Vasily, the earth will steam like an old woman in a bathhouse.” Hunters claim that this is the last day when a bear leaves the den in which it has slept all winter. After this day he does not lie in the den. They say about hares: “Hare, hare, jump out of the bush.” Hares run during the day. "The hare is gray and has seen enough trouble."
April 26- The bumblebees made noise.
April 27- Martyn Lisogon. According to the signs of hunters, this is the day when foxes move from old to new holes. It is believed that for the first three days and three nights of their housewarming, they are both blind and deaf. "Foxes dig between the stumps and run towards people." "Fowl blindness attacks the foxes on Martyn." On this day, a raven is seen bathing its children and releasing them to live separately as a family.
April 28- Pud. "On the Holy Pud, get the bees out of hiding." Bees are brought out from the omshaniks to fly around.
April 29- Irina (Arina). "Irina - snatch the shores, tear up the shores." “The shore cannot resist Irina’s water.” "Irina - play the ravines." They noted: “If the ravines play and freeze again, expect interference with the harvest.” The alder tree is drooping in color. Irina the nursery: sow cabbage in nurseries.
April 30- Zosim Solovetsky, Zosima Pchelnik. Protector of beekeepers. On this day, as well as on St. Puda, there is an exhibition of bees: “For Zosima the Beekeeper, arrange hives in the beekeeper.” They judged the future buckwheat harvest: “A little loss in bees (according to the Omshanik exhibition) means a buckwheat harvest, and vice versa, a lot of loss means no buckwheat will be born.”

May 1- Kozma. The alder blossomed - this buckwheat. The flowering of violets and the flowering of willow indicate the beginning of sowing radishes and carrots, onions, dill and parsley. According to customs, before sowing, they go out to the votive students in the morning to moisten the seeds and, in the hope of a future harvest, throw copper money into the student’s bottom. Others consider it more decent to moisten the seeds with river water during the three morning dawns. In this case, secrecy is an important matter: otherwise the harvest will be poor. If the beginning of May is warm, it will be cold at the end, and vice versa.
May 2- Ivan the Old Cave. They take the canvases out into the field. They ask Mother Spring to give a good harvest of rye.
May 4- The bird cherry blossomed early - it will warm summer. The earlier it begins to bloom, the hotter the summer will be.
May 5- Warm May prepares (begins) spring. If it freezes at night, then forty morning frosts will fall on the bread, forty morning frosts for the whole summer, while the grain stands in the field.
May 6- Egoriy Veshny. Festival of the shepherds - they drive the flock into the field. During Yegoryevsk week, swallows arrive.
May 7- Evseev day. From this day on there are 12 more frosts.
May 8- Markov day. Arrival of songbirds in flocks. “If it’s a clear day on Mark, there will be a good spring harvest.”
May 11- Maximov day. Warm wind brings health. On Maxim, patients begin to be given birch sap.
May 13- Jacob the Apostle. "A warm evening on James the Apostle and a starry night - for a stormy summer (terrible and warm), for the harvest." A clear sunrise means a windy summer.
May 14- Eremey the Harnesser. The laziest plow is the one in the field. Bad weather on this day promises a harsh and cold future winter. "Eremey - understand about crops." “If this day is fine, then the harvesting of bread will be fine.”
May 15- Boris and Gleb Sowers. "Boris and Gleb sow grain." Athanasius Day. Nightingale day - nightingales begin to sing. The nightingale sang thoroughly - spring began to wane, and summer began to profit.
May 16- Mavra Green Shchi, Mavra thrush. Look for nettles in green cabbage soup. Peasant food becomes more plentiful. The cows add milk. “And it’s easy for the housewife if there’s milk on the table.” Spruce shoots begin to grow.
May 18- Irina Rassadnitsa. They plant cucumbers and cabbage seedlings, saying: “Don’t be long-legged - be pot-bellied; don’t be empty - be tight; don’t be red - be tasty; don’t be old - be young; don’t be small - be big!” There is thin grass on Arina out of nowhere: they are burning out the meadows and meadows from last year’s grass.
May 19- Job Peacock. Job Borage. Cucumbers are planted by watering them with pond water.
May 21- Ivan Theologian, Arseny Pshenichnik. “Drive the mare to Ivan the Theologian and plow under the wheat.” "On Arsenyev's day - sow wheat." They noted: “A day with rain - mushroom will do shelves."
May 22- Nikola Veshny, Nikola Teply. One of the most revered holidays in Rus'. St. Nicholas the Wonderworker is the intercessor and patron of the Russian people. “There is no champion for the man - against Nikola.” “Nikola saves the sea, Nikola lifts a man’s cart.” Both Nikolas - Winter (December 19) and Spring - set the weather. "Nikola the Spring - with warmth, Nikolai the Winter - with frost." “If only Nikola would come, it would be warm.” Grass day. On Evdokia the chicken will drink water, on Nikola the cow will eat grass.
May 24- Mokey Wet. This day is considered an indicator of the weather for the entire summer. If it is wet, then the whole summer is wet, and vice versa. “If there is a crimson sunrise and rain during the day, a wet and stormy summer will come.”
May 25- Day of Epiphanes. If it’s morning on Epiphanes in a red caftan, then the summer will be dry and firey.
May 26- Lukerya Komarnitsa. Mosquitoes appear along with the warm wind; according to legend, mosquitoes are carried away by the winds before autumn warm seas and in the spring they are brought to Rus' again. Collection begins medicinal herbs.
May 27- Sidor Borechnik. All the sivers (colds) will go to Sidor. On Sidor Siverko ( north wind), and it's like that all summer.
May 28- Pakhomy warm, Pakhom Bokogrey. "Pakhom came - it smelled warm." It's warm in Pahoma - warm all summer. Late sowing of oats and wheat. Oats are starting to grow. "On Pachomius Herbalist and the wasteland is green."
May 31- Fedot Ovsyanik. Seven virgins (Alexandra, Tecusa, Claudia, Faina, Euphrasia, Matrona, Julia). "Fedot has come - the land for his family." "Seven virgins sow flax." The onset of heat. The last oak leaf will unfold. If Fedot has the top of an oak tree with a edge, you will measure oats with a tub.

June 2- Falale Borage. Plant cucumbers on Leontiy and Falaleya. A lot of cones on the fir trees means a harvest of cucumbers.
June 3- Olena (Elena) Lenoseyka. When they finish sowing crops, they sow flax and hemp. The rowan tree blooms well - for the flax harvest. If there is bad weather on Olena, then autumn will be stormy.
June 4- Basilisk - nightingale day. They didn’t sow, they didn’t plow, they waited out this day so that the fields wouldn’t get clogged and the cornflowers wouldn’t grow.
June 7- Midsummer's day. Since Midsummer, honey (harmful) dew began to appear. Herbs and roots (medicinal) are placed under Midsummer's dew.
June 11- Feodosia Kolosyanitsa. The ear is blooming and filling.
June 14- Ustin and Khariton. Red morning on Ustina - red pouring of rye. Cloudy morning on Ustina - for the spring harvest. Ustin pulls up hemp, and Khariton - flax.
June 16- Luka Vetrenik. On Lukyan, on the eve of Mitrofan (June 17), do not go to bed early, but pay close attention to where the wind is blowing. The south wind means a spring harvest, the north-west wind means a damp summer, the east wind brings diseases (it will bring infectious diseases). Wind from sunrise - to the wind. In the evening, under Mitrofan, they “call out” to the wind and ask him to shed graceful, timely rains: “You blow with warm warmth, you, wind, pour rain on mother rye, on spring-spring, on the field, on the meadows.” life-giving, for the time being, and for the time being."
June 18- Dorofey. On Dorotheus they note the direction of the winds, with the same signs as on the evening under Mitrofan.
June 19- Hilarion. From this day weeding of flax, millet and grain usually begins. They say: “Hillarion has come - the bad grass is out of the woods.”
June 20- Fedot. Saint Fedot gives warmth - leads gold into the rye. Saint Fedot will lead you to the rain - to the skinny filling (ear of grain).
June 21- Fyodor Letniy, Fyodor Stratelates, Fyodor Kolodeznik. "There are swarms of wells on Fyodor Stratelates." "Stratilat is rich in thunderstorms." It's time for summer thunderstorms to arrive. “Fyodor Stratilates is rich in threats: thunder in the morning is not good: a man will not clean up the hay, the hay will rot.” “Stratilate dews are prophetic: great dews for good flax and great hemp.” “If there is heavy dew on Stratelates, the summer, even if it is dry, will produce a good harvest.”
June 22- Kirill End of Spring Beginning of Summer. The longest day, the longest short night. "Since Kirill's day - what the sun gives is in the peasant's barn."
June 25- Peter of Afonsky, Peter Povorot. From Peter of Athos there is sun for winter, and summer for heat. “The sun is shortening its course, and the month is making profits.” The last cabbage and cucumbers are being planted.
June 26- Akulina Buckwheat. “This buckwheat is either a week before Akulina, or a week later.” Since that time, a huge number of horseflies and gadflies appear, from which the cattle suffer greatly and sometimes run around like crazy, lifting their tail high, swatting them away from the annoying and bloodthirsty insects besieging them. “Akulina - hold up your tails”: from Akulina until mid-July, the cattle go crazy from the heat and gadflies.
June 29- Tikhon's Day. The sun is coming quiet. The bird belfry falls silent. The end of late spring crops.
June 30- Manuel. “On Manuel the sun stagnates (slows at its zenith).” This popular sign is confirmed by data from astronomers: indeed, by this time the earth slows down its speed around the Sun. “Everything went up.” “If there are frequent lightning flashes in June, there will be a good harvest.”

July 3- Methodius celebrates the holiday of sparrowhawks. “If blackflies and midges are hovering over winter crops, there will be a catch of quails.” Spider day, weather indicator. The rain is heavy - it will rain forty days.
July 6- Agrafena swimsuit: start of bathing. On the eve (and night) of Ivan Kupala, medicinal roots and herbs are collected. On this day, even old people bathe in rivers, wash and steam in baths, while using various medicinal and fragrant herbs collected on the same day (or the day before) to heal from illnesses. It is believed that herbs and roots collected in the evening and on the night before Ivan Kupala have a large healing power. There was a legend about a fern flower that supposedly opens only once a year, on the night before Ivan Kupala for just a few moments. The one who finds this flower will have many secrets revealed, he will become a seer, and will be rich.
July 7- John the Baptist, Ivan Kupala. They bathe in water and dew, dance around trees, light fires, and jump over fires. They begin haymaking before the grass is fertilized. Heavy dew on Ivan means a harvest of cucumbers. By ancient belief, Ivan Kupala personifies the flowering of the forces of nature. This is a holiday of honoring water and sun. Since ancient times, it was customary to light ritual bonfires on the banks of rivers or lakes on the night of Ivan Kupala. They threw wreaths over the fires and jumped. There were round dances. The fires lit on Midsummer's Eve were considered miraculous. Fire for fires was produced by rubbing wood against wood and was called living, forest, medicinal. "On Midsummer's Day the sun plays at sunrise." "It's a starry night for Ivan - there will be a lot of mushrooms." “If the rain starts crying, then in five days the sun will laugh.” "Ivanovo rains are better than the golden mountain." “Before Ivan, children, ask God for rain, and after Ivan I myself will ask (i.e., frequent rains will begin).”
July 9- Tikhvinskaya, Day of the Tikhvin Icon Mother of God. David of Thessalonica, David Strawberry. The berries are ripe for Tikhvinskaya. Strawberries are calling girls to the forest. "A bee flies to Tikhvinskaya to collect honey."
July 10- Samson the Host, Samson Senognoy. It rains on Samson - it rains for seven weeks. "On Samson, green hay - black porridge (buckwheat); black hay - white porridge (wheat)."
July 12- Day of Peter and Paul. The day is decreasing, the heat is increasing. The cuckoo stops crowing and the nightingale stops singing. The height of summer. Peter's Day is a holiday of the sun. People said, “Peter-Paul turned up the heat.” The peasants come out at dawn to watch the sun play. On Peter's Day, people wash their faces from three springs. "From Peter's Day - red summer, green mowing." Peter is the patron of the fields. It's fair day. “Petrovsky festivities” begin - with songs, round dances, swings. The suffering begins on Peter's Day.
July 14- Kuzma and Demyan. The height of haymaking. The gardens are being weeded.
July 17- Andrey Naliva. Winter in bulk, buckwheat on the rise. Appear on trees in the middle of summer yellow leaves- To early autumn and winter. “Father Andrey’s oats have grown to half their size.” “Oats in a caftan, but buckwheat doesn’t even have a shirt.” They noted: “Like Andrey Naliva, so is Kalinnik (August 11).”
July 18- Afanasy Afonsky. If the moon is rising, it means a harvest of grain.
July 20- Avdotya Senognoika. It rains and the hay spoils.
July 21- Kazan, Day of the Icon of the Kazan Mother of God. Procopius the Harvester. If the blueberries are ripe, then the rye is also ripe. Start of rye harvesting. Zazhinki, knitted a zazhinki sheaf.
July 22- The whole family tries their first cucumbers.
July 25- Proclus the Mourner. On Proclus the field was wet from dew. Great and healing dews (especially for eye diseases).
July 28- Day of Kirik and Julitta. By folk calendar This day is considered the middle of summer. "The sun shines redder on Vladimir the Red Sun." "Julita is traveling - someday there will be..." Women celebrated the day of "Mother Julitta", honoring her as their intercessor.
July 29- Athens day. The little birds are quiet. Summer has passed a sultry age. This day is of great importance for the beginning of the harvest: “The first ear of grain for Phinogeus, the last for Elijah (August 2) for his beard.” “Finogei will come with warmth and light, you will get away with the harvest ahead of time; Finogey will come with the rain - sodden, the bread will sprout in the sheaf.” “On Finogei, pray to the sun - ask God for a bucket.” The nights are getting colder.

August 1- Macrin's day. Macrids. Look at autumn according to Macrids. Macrida is wet - and autumn is wet, dry - and autumn too. Summer work ends, autumn work begins. "Makrid equips autumn, and Anna (August 7) ​​- winter." Macrida Day is also considered important for the coming year. “If it rains on Macrina, rye will grow next year.”
August 2- Elijah the Prophet. Elijah's day. For Ilya it’s summer before lunch, autumn after lunch. Note: if it’s dry on Elijah’s day, then it will be dry for six weeks; if it rains on that day, it will be dry for six weeks. They stop swimming in the river. With Ilyin the day goes by turn to autumn, although summer with its heat will still last a long time. Haymaking ends, harvest begins.
August 2- Mary Magdalene. “If there is strong dew on Marya, the flax will be gray and braids.” "Flower bulbs are taken out for Mary." This day has another name - Maria Yagodnitsa: black and red currants and blueberries are being collected in the forests.
August 6- Boris and Gleb Letnie. "Boris and Gleb - the bread is ripe."
August 7- Anna Kholodnitsa, winter guide. If the matinee is cold, and the winter is cold. What is the weather before lunch, such is winter until December; what is the weather after lunch, such is winter after December.
August 9- Panteleimon the Healer. Panteleimon Zazhnivny, pre-autumn collection of medicinal herbs. Nikola Kochansky - forks curl into the head of cabbage.
August 11- Kalinnik. Peasants in the northern provinces say: “Lord, sweep away Kalinnik with darkness (fog), not frost.” Gloomy, foggy times are not good for bees. The beekeepers note: “The bee has no choice in trouble.”
August 12- Day of Strength and Siluyan. The best time for sowing winter crops is that rye sown on Sila and Siluyan will be born strongly. "Holy Strength will add strength to a man." “The powerless hero lives on Strength (from hearty food, new bread).”
August 13- Evdokim. Evdokimov’s prayer before the Assumption Fast, about which people say: “The Assumption Fast is not a hungry one.” There is a lot of everything at this time: new bread, vegetables, fruits, berries.
August 14- First Savior. First farewell to summer. Honey Spas - they break (cut) the honeycombs. Roses are fading, good dew is falling. Departure begins warm regions swallows and swifts. "At first, Savior and a beggar will try a doctor." "Swallows fly off to three Spas (August 14, 19 and 29)." "The first is Spas Honey, the second is Apple, the third is Spozhinki."
August 15- Stepan Senoval. By this time, in the meadows, the aftergrowth is the “second hay.” They begin mowing: “And there will be more hay.” "Otava is autumn hay, summer hay will be saved." "Like Stepan Senoval, so is September." Based on the days of August 15-19, the weather for September-January was determined.
August 16- Isaac and Anton Vikhrovey. As is Vikhrovey, so is October. If the wind is whirlwind, expect a snowy winter. It will swirl from all sides - it will be a furious winter with thick snow on the houses. “As is Isaac, so is St. Nicholas the Winter (December 19).”
August 17- Evdokia. Avdotya Malinovka. Avdotya Cucumber. Wild raspberries are ripening. Last harvest of cucumbers. Avdotya Senognoika - rains destroy hay. "Seven youths bring seven rains."
August 19- Transfiguration. Second Savior. Great peasant holiday. Apple Spas- massive ripening of apples. Autumn - meeting autumn. A dry day foretells a dry autumn, a wet day foretells a wet one, and a clear day foretells a dry autumn. harsh winter. “As is the day on the Second Savior, so is the Intercession (October 14).”
August 21- Myron Vetrogon. There are strong winds on this day. “The carminative winds drove dust across the wide world, and wept over the red summer.” “Like Myron Vetrogon, so is January.”
August 23- Lawrence Day. The waters are getting cold. At noon they look at the water in rivers and lakes: if it is quiet, then the autumn will be quiet, and the winter will be without blizzards and evil blizzards. If there is extreme heat or heavy rains, it will be so long - all autumn.
August 27- Micah. Average time for leaf fall to begin. If the cranes fly, then there will be frost by mid-October, but if not, then winter will come later. Known for its winds, the strength of which is used to judge the upcoming weather. “Micah’s day echoes the Indian summer with storm and wind.” "Micah with the storm - to the stormy September." “Calm winds blow on Micah - towards a rainy autumn.”
August 28- Assumption, important holiday late summer - early autumn. The peasants dedicated this holiday to the end of the harvest and the welcoming of autumn. The day of farewell to summer and the end of harvesting - dozhinki. End of the Assumption Fast. "Say goodbye to the Assumption, welcome autumn."
August 29- Third Savior. Spozhinki. Bread day - the first loaf of new bread was baked. After the third Savior, the last swallows fly away. "The third Savior is good - it will be in winter."
August 31- Day of Frol and Laurus, patrons of horses. Autumn matinees begin, and frosts occur. If you don’t drop out before Frol, Frols will be born (flowers). We looked at the roots of wormwood: if the roots are thick, the year will be fruitful. "On Frol and Lavra there is a horse festival." “I begged Frol and Lavr - expect good things for the horses.” Last date for winter sowing. Evening "stays" begin (women's work in huts by fire).

September 1- Day of Andrei Stratelates and Thekla. Stratilat is a warm-weather: noticeable warming, the warm-wind wind is dressed in a cobweb - it bows after the past summer. The oats are ripening: “Stratilat’s day has come, the oats have arrived (ripe).”
September 3- Agathon Ogumennik. “On Agathon, a goblin comes out of the forest into the field, runs through villages and hamlets, scatters sheaves across the threshing floors.” On the night of Agathon, peasants guarded the threshing floor wearing sheepskin coats inside out, with a poker in their hands, so that not a single devil would dare to approach the fence.
September 5- Loop Lingonberry. On St. Lupus the frost hits the oats. First frost. Lingonberries and cranberries are ripening, flax and oats are ripening. They noted: “If the lingonberries are ripe, then the oats have arrived.” “If you don’t collect oats, you will swallow tears.” “If there is no matinee, it won’t freeze in September.”
September 6- Eutyches. This day must be quiet and windless, otherwise the flaxseed will fall off: “Okay, if Eutyches is quiet, otherwise you won’t be able to keep the flaxseed on the vine.”
September 7- Titus Deciduous grows the last mushroom. "Mushrooms are mushrooms, and the threshing is behind the ovens." That’s why on this day they say: “Titus, he’s gone to thresh.”
September 8- Natalya Ovsyanitsa and Andrian. Autumn Peter-Paul Rowanberry. The day is dedicated to the mountain ash - the birthday girl of the mountain ash. They collected rowan and viburnum. They noted: “A large rowan harvest means frost.” Day of National Remembrance of Soldiers Fallen in the Battle of Borodino (1812).
September 10- Anna the Prophetess and Savva Pskovsky, Anna Skirdnitsa and Savva Skirdnik. At this time, the sheaves are being removed, the bread is being put into storage bins and stacks, and they are in a hurry to remove it before the onset of bad weather in September.
September 11- Ivan Postny. Ivan Proletny. Ivan Predtecha. Ivan Lenten is the pockmarked godfather of autumn. If the cranes went to Kyiv (south) - early winter. “Ivan Lent came, took away the red summer.” "Since Ivan's fast, no man goes out into the field without a caftan." “From Ivan’s Fast a man welcomes autumn, a woman begins her Indian summer.”
September 13- Cyprian (Kuprian). Harvesting carrots, beets, digging potatoes. "Every root has its time." "The mistress is with the cow, and the girls are with the carrot." "The viburnum whip hung down the copper." "On Kupriyanov's day, the cranes gather in the swamp to keep an agreement on which way to go to warm waters fly." Often the coming day of September 14 no longer finds them in our area; stretched out in a chain in the blue sky, they fly south, saying goodbye to the Russian land with a characteristic guttural cry that carries far in the clear autumn air.
September 14- Simeon the Flyer. Start Indian summer. If the first day of Indian summer is clear, then Indian summer will be warm. Indian summer is dry - autumn is wet.
September 17- Vasilisa. "Baba Vasilisa, she's in a hurry with the flax." Woman's work is in full swing.
September 19- Michaelmas Day. Cold weather - Michaelmas frosts.
September 20- Luke. Trade in onions begins.
September 21- Nativity of the Virgin Mary. Popularly - Small Most Pure (Big Most Pure - Dormition, August 28). Apasov day. Autumn. Second meeting of autumn. Every summer is over. Bees are removed and onions are collected.
September 23- Peter and Pavel. "In Rus' there are two Peter and Paul - big and small, summer and autumn." Autumn Peter-Paul - fieldfare. At this time, after the first frosts, rowan becomes sweeter and they begin to collect it for food. When collecting rowan trees, they leave some of the berries on each tree for the birds.
September 24- Fedora Soak your tails. “Autumn Fedoras tuck the hem” (from dirt). Autumn equinox. "In Fedora, summer ends, autumn begins." “Not every summer will last until Fedora.” "Two Fedoras a year - autumn and winter, one with mud, and the other with cold." It begins to rain and slush.
September 25- Autonomous. The life of animals comes to a standstill, autumn comes into its own. According to legend, from this day on, snakes move from fields to forests.
September 26- Cornelius. “Since Cornelius, the root does not grow in the ground, but freezes.” Start harvesting root crops. "Wait for the exaltation - tear the turnips."
September 27- Exaltation. The caftan and fur coat will move, the last cart will leave the field, the birds will fly away, and the cold will approach. All animals and insects go to bed for the winter, including the bear, which goes to its den. At this time, one of the most important autumn work begins - chopping cabbage and preparing it for the winter.
September 28- Nikita Gusyatnik. The geese are flying - they are dragging winter clothes on their tails, carrying snow on their noses. “The goose raises its paw - to the cold, stands on one leg - to the frost, rinses in the water - to the warmth, hides its nose under the wing - to early winter.”
September 30- Faith, Hope, Love and their mother Sophia. Girls' holiday. Name days for many girls and women.

October 1- Irina (Arina) Crane flight. If the cranes fly, then there will be frost on the cover (October 14), but if not, then winter will come later. The crane will not leave - there will be no frost until another month, until the second November.
October 2- Day of Zosima and Savvaty, protectors of bees. They place the hives in the moshannik. Put the hive in the cellar - celebrate the honey holiday.
October 3- Evstafiy (Astafiy) Windmill. The threshold of pre-winter. On Astafya, note the wind: north for cold; southern to warmth; western to phlegm; eastern - to the bucket. If the cobwebs fly with the fog for a long time today - long autumn indicates that the snow will not fall soon.
October 4- The weather of this day will remain unchanged for four weeks. Clear with a sharp north-east wind - for a cold winter.
October 7- Thekla zarevnitsa (glow from autumn lights - dry grass is burned out). They begin to thresh bread in the morning. The stove is heated in a barn for drying sheaves. The last day of collecting the king of mushrooms - boletus. From Thekla Zarevnitsa, the days quickly run away, the nights darken, and the dawns turn crimson. "The day runs away like a horse." A lot of acorns on an oak tree - for a warm winter and a fertile (grain-filled) summer.
October 8- Day of Sergius of Radonezh. On Sergius they chop cabbage. If the first snow falls on Sergius, then winter will set in on Michaelmas (November 21). The first snow fell on wet ground - it will remain, on dry ground - it will soon go away. If good weather, then she will stand for three whole weeks.
October 10- Savvaty Solovetsky. Savvaty Pchelnik, Savvaty Pchelovod. The cleaning of hives in Omshanik is finishing.
October 11- Day of Ilya Muromets. The epic hero is revered as a people's protector.
October 12- The sad woman Maremyana, woven from fog (damp fogs - hassles - hang).
October 13- Grigory. On Gregory's day, peasants renewed their beds, burned old straw from pillows and mattresses, and stuffed them with new ones.
October 14- Cover. First winter. On this day the agricultural year ended. Gathering the last fruits. The flight of cranes to the cover is in the early, cold winter. As is the cover, so is the winter. The leaf from the oak and birch fell cleanly - to a light year, no - to a severe winter. The veil did not cover, and neither will Christmas. In variable winds and winter, be fickle. The last harvest of milk mushrooms and mushrooms. Weddings began with the Intercession.
October 17- Hierofei (Erofeev's day). From Erofei, winter puts on a fur coat. On Erofei, the goblin disappear: they break trees, chase animals and fall through. Peasants don’t go into the forest - the devil gets mad.
October 18- Kharitinin day. Women begin to weave canvases. Weaving skills were valued among the people on a par with agricultural skills. They respectfully said about a skillful housewife: “She spun and weaved, dressed the whole house.”
October 19- Denis Pozimsky. The day fell behind the night - he tripped over a stump with his felt boot. Denis pulled the day down.
October 20- Sergius Zimny. "Sergius begins winter." “If snow falls before the trees have shed their leaves, it will soon melt.”
October 21- Pelageya and Tryphon. "It's getting colder from Tryphon and Pelagia." “Trifon is mending his fur coat, Pelageya is sewing mittens.”
October 22- Yakov Drovopilets. The time has come to prepare firewood for the winter.
October 23- Evlampius Winter Pointer. On Eulampia, the horns of the month point to the side where the winds come from. If the horns of the month are at midnight (to the north) - there will be a quick and severe winter, the snow will fall dry; if at noon (to the south) - don’t expect winter to come soon, there will be mud and slush, until Kazan (November 4) autumn will not wash itself with snow, it will not dress up in a white caftan.
October 27- Paraskeviya Friday, Paraskeviya is dirty and dirty. It's never dry when it's dirty. If the mud is great, the horse's hoof is filled with water, then the fallen snow immediately establishes a winter path. There was another name for this day - Paraskeva Trepalnitsa (flax is torn).
October 31- Autumn Hosea Day. The end of the summer journey. The cart wheel and axle (axle) are separated until spring.

November 1- Farewell to autumn, welcome to winter.
November 4- Day of Our Lady of Kazan. Kazan Woman Intercessor (one of the main women's holidays). The first real winter, the transition from autumn to winter. It’s not winter yet, but it’s not autumn either. It happens that it rains in the morning, and in the evening the snow lies in drifts. “Whoever gets married in Kazanskaya will be happy”, “In Kazanskaya the frost is not great, but you don’t have to stand”, “Women said that in Kazanskaya in the old days a man froze on the stove.”
November 5- Jacob (Jacob). Snow pellets or hail foretell that on Matrenin's Day (November 22) winter will return to its feet.
November 8- Day of Dmitry Solunsky. By ancient tradition, the Saturday before this holiday is the day of remembrance, it was established by Dmitry Donskoy for the soldiers who fell on the Kulikovo Field. “If your parents are alive, honor them; if they are dead, remember them.” The sign of this day: if it thaws on Dmitry, all Mother Winter will have wet greenhouses. “If Dmitry’s day is with snow, then Easter is with snow,” “Dmitry in the snow is late spring.”
November 10- Paraskeva Friday - Woman's Intercessor. Paraskeva Linen. On this day they begin to crush and fray the flax and prepare it for sale. The entire week in which this day falls is Friday Week. Paraskeviia Friday, on the one hand, coincided with and even overshadowed the Christian Mother of God, and on the other hand, she inherited and bequeathed Makosh (Mokosh), the most ancient goddess Slavic paganism: the goddess of the spinner, the patroness of earthly happiness. First winter day. Houses were inspected and insulated, livestock were placed in winter stalls.
November 11- Avramy Ovchar and Anastasia Ovechnitsa. Anastasia is considered the intercessor of sheep, and Avramy is the patron saint of shepherds, who celebrate their holiday on this day. It is customary to treat sheep dogs on this day for saving the sheep in the summer.
November 12- Day of Zinovy ​​and Zinovia. Titmouse's day. “Feed the birds in winter, they will serve you in spring.” Adults and children made bird feeders. The first mass appearance of tits near houses is a sign of the approaching cold weather.
November 14- Day of Kuzma and Demyan. The beginning of winter, the first frosts, Kozma - Demyan with a bridge, Nikola (December 19) with a nail. Kozma will forge, and Mikhailo will unforge. The river will not be frozen in winter until today.
November 15- Akindinus and Pigasius. Bread was being dried in barns and threshed.
November 19- Paul the Confessor and Varlaam of Khutyn - Freeze-Off. Frost and blizzard embraced and swore eternal love. Ice appears on many rivers. Snow on this day means a snowy winter, good for winter crops. “If the ice on the river becomes piles, then there will be piles of bread, and if it’s smooth, then the bread will be smooth.”
November 21- Michael the Archangel. Mikhailo builds bridges. Thaws: Mikhailovsky, Vedensky, Mikhailovsky muds. If there is frost, expect heavy snow, and if the day begins with fog, it will thaw. If the path is destroyed, do not wait until December 19th for the path.
November 22- Matryona winter. Matrenin's day. From this day on, winter rises and frosts arrive. November builds bridges, winter forges frosts. If the goose goes out on the ice, it will still float on the water. “If there is frost on the trees on Matryona, it means frost,” “If there is fog on Matryona, it means a thaw.”
November 24- Fyodor Chills the earth. Since Studit the cold gets worse every day. The cold weather is right, without them nothing is right. “You won’t catch a cold on the stove and near hot cabbage soup even on Studite Day.” They noted: “If there is dampness or snow on this day, there will be a thaw until the Introduction (December 4).”
November 25- John the Merciful. They noted: “If it rains on Ivan the Merciful, then, again, there will be a thaw before the Introduction (December 4).”
November 26- John Chrysostom. Any chill stops growth. On Chrysostom the whole field is empty.
November 27- Philip. “Rime on Philip - for the oat harvest, rain - for wheat”, “A crow caws at Philip - for a thaw”, “If there are frequent cloudy days and frost on the trees, then expect a good harvest of grain; bright Filippovka without frost portends a bad harvest."
November 28- Guryev day. They noted: “If snow falls on Guria, it will lie there until the flood.”
November 29- Matthew the Apostle. Matveev day. “The earth is sweating on Matvey,” “Winter is sweating on Matvey.” There are thaws. “If violent winds blow on Matvey, there will be blizzards until St. Nicholas the Winter (December 19).”

December 1- Day of Plato and Roman. Winter indicator, what day happens, so will winter. "Plato and Roman seem like winter to us."
December 4- Introduction. "Introduction - the gates of winter." “Introduction - thick ice cream” (frosty). “The introduction breaks the ice” (thaw).
December 7- Katerina Sannitsa. They opened the cab and celebrated the festivities. Katerina's festivities, fortune-telling, first sleigh rides, and people were preparing for a long journey with goods.
December 9- St. George's day. Yuri Kholodny. The ancient term for the transfer of peasants from one master to another, prohibited by the cathedral code of 1649. “Here’s Yuri’s day for you, grandma!”, “There are two Yuri in Rus' - one is a cold (winter) Yuri, the other is a hungry (spring) Yuri.”
December 12- Paramon Winter Pointer. If the valleys snow, the blizzard will blow for another seven days.
December 13- Day of St. Andrew the First-Called. Listen to the water (quiet water - good winter; noisy - frosts, storms, blizzards).
December 17- Varvarin day. The most severe frosts, winter makes bridges.
December 19- Nikola winter. It's time for Nikol's frosts. Two Nikolas: one with grass, the other with frost. As much as Nikola the Winter will give snow, so much Nikola the Spring will give herbs.
December 22- Anna Winter. Winter is finally setting in. If the snow falls right up to the fence, it’s a bad summer, but if there’s a gap, it’s a fruitful one.
December 25- Spiridon Solstice. The sun is for summer, winter is for frost. A bear in a den turns over on its other side. Based on the weather of the first 12 days following the day of Spiridon, the weather of each of the 12 months of the coming year is judged. If the sun is bright and radiant, the New Year will be frosty and clear, and if it is gloomy and there is frost on the trees, it will be warm and cloudy. After the Solstice, at least at a sparrow's leap, the day will come.
December 29- Ageev day. On Haggai there is frost on warm Christmastide (January 7), if it is frosty, it will remain until Epiphany (January 19). "Haggai sows frost."

Day - day and night connected (TK - weave, join). The day ends at sunset, and not at night like Christians. Therefore, the construction of the daily circle is different: the 16th hour (end of the day) is 19:00 Christian time. At the same time, the Slavs do not have such a concept “ zero time"(00:00), life does not stop, does not disappear, therefore there is no zero hour; let’s say: modern “0 hours 25 minutes” in the Slavic system would be written “24 hours 25 minutes”.

* 1 Slavic hour = 1.5 modern hours
* Instead of Latin words: minute and second, part and fraction.

Week

Nine Day Week– this is a very convenient system of work and rest so that a person does not overwork. The names of the days are a simple count: second, third, fourth, fifth... And also each day has its own Patron Earth (see).

Folk calendar covered the entire year of peasant life, describing day by day, month by month, where each day had its own holidays or weekdays, customs and superstitions, traditions and rituals, natural signs and phenomena. The cyclical nature of the folk calendar is reminiscent of human life, where spring is youth, summer is heyday, autumn is the time of harvesting fruits (it’s good if there are some, otherwise you can live your life without collecting fruits), winter is the time of wisdom and peace. The folk calendar was an agricultural calendar, which was reflected in the names of the months, folk signs, rituals and customs. For this purpose, each nation has created its own system of predicting events and signs.

The word “sign” comes from the word “notice”, i.e. observe. As a result of observing what is happening around a person, he accumulates life experience. This knowledge was passed down from generation to generation and was carefully preserved and people trusted it as a sacred book.

Many folk signs have come down to us from the depths of centuries without losing their knowledge. Each of us is free to choose: to dismiss all this as an absurd superstition or to take a closer look at the signs and take the centuries-old experience of generations more seriously. But, undoubtedly, folk signs contain a lot of accurate knowledge and practical wisdom of our ancestors. They cover all the characteristic, often difficult to perceive, natural phenomena. Signs have preserved a lot of what was in old folk holidays and customs; they help predict the weather, grow crops...

Russian national holidays are Christmas, Maslenitsa, Easter, Trinity, Ivan Kupala. Today, Russian folk holidays and church traditions are so closely intertwined that even in folk and Orthodox calendar Many holidays coincide - the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, Intercession, Epiphany, Annunciation and others.

Calendar of national holidays and signs:
Today's signs:

Signs for tomorrow:

Upcoming signs:
28.12.2019 -
29.12.2019 -
30.12.2019 -
31.12.2019 -

Calendar of Russian folk holidays, rituals, omens and superstitions for the year

Designations in the calendar: X - EASTER OF CHRIST; X - fast days; X - Twelfth holidays; X - Great holidays; X - continuous weeks; X - days of special remembrance of the dead;

Folk, Orthodox and church holidays in 2020

X- Twelfth Immovable Holidays:

X- Great church holidays:

Other church holidays celebrated in 2020:

Before the introduction of European calendars, Rus' used its own chronology system. The summer or year consisted of 9 calendar months, consisting of an average of 40 days (odd or complete months had 41 days each, and even or incomplete months had 40 days each), and each week had not 7 days as now, but 9 and they were called like this: Monday, Tuesday, Treteinik, Chetverik, Friday, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth and Week. Oddly enough, we all know all the days, except perhaps Treteinik and Weekly, and we still use them, naming the days of the week with these words.

What do these names mean?

Again, everything is simple and nothing muddy, as others write:

Monday - after Week (day after week),
Tuesday is the second day,
Treteinik - third day,
Chetverik - fourth day,
Friday is the fifth day,
Sixth - sixth day,
Week - the seventh day,
Osmitsa - the eighth day (on Polish language 8 is eight, and we have eight),
Week - do not do (a day when nothing is done).

The clergy, having conquered Rus', remade the calendar and threw out two days from the week. The third day became MEDIUM - WEDNESDAY, and the WEEK became SUNDAY - neither the seventh day - WEEK, nor the WEEK has anything to do with it, and the sixth day SEX was replaced by the Hebrew word SHABBAT - SATURDAY, which they mean the last day of the week or the seventh day creations!

Quoting the Bible, we find the following meaning of the word SATURDAY - the Sabbath was given by God after the sixth day when man was created: “And God finished on the seventh day His work that He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work that He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, for on it He rested from all His work, which God had created and made” (Genesis 2:2-3).
For Jews, Saturday is truly a holy day. On this day they do not work and are forbidden to touch money. They rest on Saturday.

We rest on a WEEK - a day when they do nothing (this word still remains in the Ukrainian language, and the word RESURRECTION, which has a clear ecclesiastical character, was imposed on the Russian language).

But the baptists of Rus' found a way out of this situation; they came up with Slavic names for Julian calendar and the months, instead of numbers in Latin, received Slavic names:
Birch is the time of burning trees cut down in winter, mainly birch, for coal. It was also called “Dry”, based on the time the felled forest dried out or the ground dried out.

Pollen is the month of flowering.
Grass is the month of grass growth.
Cherven - from fruits and berries, which, ripening in June, are distinguished by their particular reddishness (scarlet, scarlet, red). In southern areas, it is time for cherries to turn red.
Lipen is the month of linden blossom.
Serpen - from the word “sickle”. It's harvest time.
Veresen - another name for Velesen - the month of the god Veles.
Leaf fall is the time when leaves turn yellow and begin to fall.
Gruden - from the word "gruda" - a frozen rut on the road.
Jelly - icy (cold). Speaks for itself.
Sever - from the word "cut" - to cut down the forest. Typically, forest felling to prepare new crop areas and harvest it for construction was carried out in winter. The month was also called “Prosinets”, due to the appearance of a blue sky after a long period of cloudiness.
Fierce is the month of snowstorms and frosts.