How is the present progressive formed? Present Progressive (Continuous) - present continuous tense: features of education, use of the tense form, exercises

Present Continuous- present continuous tense of English. Used to indicate a process that is happening right now. Below are the rules and formula of education present time Continuous in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences, auxiliary words and examples of using tense.

Education Present Continuous

In the affirmative Present sentence Continuous is formed by adding the auxiliary verb am / is / are (one of the forms of the verb to be) and adding an ing ending (-ing) to the verb in the first form.

It should be remembered that:

1) the auxiliary verb am is used with the 1st person singular (I); it can merge with the pronoun to form I’m.
2) the auxiliary verb is is used with the 3rd person singular (he / she / it)
3) the auxiliary verb are is used with the 2nd person singular, 1st and 3rd person plural(you, we, they)

Present Continuous formation formula:

Noun + am / is / are + verb in 1st form with the ending -ing added to it

Examples of affirmative sentences:

I am playing football right now. — I'm playing football now.

Sally is doing her homework at the moment. — Sally (she) is doing her homework now.

They are fishing now. - They are fishing now.

A negative sentence in the Present Continuous is formed by adding not to the auxiliary verb am / is / are, and verbs in the ing ending (-ing). Formula:

Noun + am / is / are + not + verb in 1st form with the ending -ing added to it

The auxiliary verb and the particle not can merge at the request of the one who writes or speaks. Examples of using negative sentences in the Present Continuous:

I'm not watching TV at the moment. — I don't watch TV now.

He is not working on his project right now. — He is not working on his project now

They are not going to the school now. — They don’t go to school now.

To form an interrogative sentence in the Present Continuous, the auxiliary verb must be placed at the beginning of the sentence. rule:

AM / is / are + noun + verb in 1st form with the ending -ing added to it

Examples of interrogative sentences:

Are you doing your homework? - You are doing your homework?

Is she walking on the street right now? — Is she walking outside now?

Are they playing in the club at the moment? — Are they playing in the club now?

Auxiliary words Present Continuous

Typically, when the Present Continuous tense is used, the following marker words are used:

Cases, V which usedPresent Continuous

It is not enough to know the rules of tense formation; you need to know where it is appropriate to use the Present Continuous. Below are examples of using the present continuous tense in everyday life.
Use case I: the action is happening now

Most often, the Present Continuous is used to describe an action that is not happening right at this moment in time. In this case, auxiliary words are also often used - right now, now, at the moment and others. examples:

You are learning English now. — You are learning English now.

They are not watching television. — They don’t watch TV (in this moment time).

Are you sleeping? — You are sleeping (at the moment).

Use case II: long-term actions in the present tense

Longer Actions in Progress Now

The word now in English language can also have a figurative meaning this week, this month, etc., as in Ukrainian. Therefore, the Present Continuous can be used to denote long-term actions that have already been taking place for some period and have not yet been completed. examples:

I am studying to become a doctor. — I'm studying to become a doctor.

I am not studying to become a dentist. — I’m not studying to be a dentist.

Are you working on any special projects at work? —Are you working on some project at work?

Use case III: near future

Sometimes the Present Continuous is used to denote agreements or actions that may or may not take place in the near future. In this case, it is necessary to indicate the time of the event. examples:

I am meeting some friends after work. — I meet with friends after work.

I am not going to the party tonight. — I'm not going to today's party.

Is he visiting his parents next weekend? — Or will he visit his parents next week?

IV use case: repeating actions that have a negative connotation

Repetition and Irritation

Like the Past Continuous, the Present Continuous can be used by the interlocutor in cases where he wants to express his negative attitude towards those repeating in the present tense. In this case, it is typical to use the words always and constantly between the auxiliary verb and the verb with an ing (-ing) ending. examples:

She is always coming to class late. — She is always late.

He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up. — He talks constantly. I wish he would shut up.

I do not like them because they are always complaining. — I don’t like them because they constantly complain.

Dear readers of the English Voyage blog! Today you will learn to use another English verb tense. In the grammar tables below we will look at the formation of the affirmative, interrogative and negative forms Present Continuous (Progressive). After the tables and useful video, you will be able to independently translate Russian sentences into English using the present continuous tense. If you do not confuse the forms and translate sentences with am, is, are without errors, then you will remember the formation of tense easily.

To get started, watch this video tutorial carefully. Here they calmly and in detail talk about the construction and use of Present Continuous. At the end - an exercise (don’t be too lazy to do it:).

Time Present Continuous used:

to describe the action taking place at the moment of speech. For example: She is singing a song now. She's singing the song now.

to describe a temporary action that occurs not at the present moment of speech (at the same minute, second), but in the present period of time. For example: I am working on the project. I'm working on the project. (This does not mean at this moment, but over the course of a limited present period, which will soon end).

to describe repeated actions that cause irritation or disapproval of the speaker. Especially with adverbs like always, constantly, repeatedly, which are translated, as a rule, into Russian with the word "forever." For example: You are always shouting at me! You're always yelling at me!

Marker words(read the article for more details about marker words) for the Present Continuous: now, at the moment, this week, today. For the future - tomorrow, next week.

Time Present Continuous NOT used with State verbs - verbs that describe a state of mind, body or mind, as well as ongoing relationships. Stative verbs include: English verbs: appear (in the meaning of “to seem”), assume - to believe, be - to be, believe - to believe, consider, belong - to belong, consider (in the meaning of "to consider"), consist - to consist, contain - to contain, cost - to cost, depend - depend, detest - to disgust, envy - to envy, equal - to be equal, exist - to exist, expect - to expect, feel (in the meaning of “to cause a sensation”, “to be touched” and “to count”), fit - to fit, forget - forget, hate - to hate, have (in the meaning of “possess”), hear - to hear, include - to include, know - to know, lack - not to be enough, like - to like, look (in the meaning of “look”), love - to love, matter - to have meaning, mean - to mean, need - to need, owe - to owe, own - to own, possess - to have, prefer - to prefer, realize - to realize, remember - to remember, see (in the meaning of “perceive with sight”, “understand” ), seem - to appear, smell (meaning “to smell”), taste (meaning “to have a taste”), tend - to have a tendency, think (meaning “to count”), understand - to understand, want - to want, wish - to desire , weigh (meaning “to weigh”). We will look at state verbs in more detail in future posts.

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) TENSE

Affirmative form

Structure			Examples
I	am	V+ing	I am listening to music. I listen to music.
	is		He is listening to music. He is listening to music. She is listening to music. She's listening to music. It is getting dark. It's getting dark.
	are		We are reading. We read. You are reading. You are reading. They are reading. They are reading.
Pay attention to the preposition to after the word listen which should be consumed Always after this verb. The omission of to after listen is

Interrogative form

(yes/no questions – general questions) ?

Structure			Examples
Am	I	V+ing?	— Am I reading? I am reading? - Yes, I am./No, I’m not.
Is			— Is he reading? He reads? - Yes, he is./No, he isn’t. — Is she reading? She is reading? - Yes, she is./No, she isn’t. — Is it getting dark? Is it getting dark? - Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
Are			—Are we coming back? Are we going back? - Yes, we are./No, we aren’t. -Are you coming back? Are you going back? - Yes, you are./No, you aren’t. —Are they coming back? Are they coming back? - Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.

Interrogative form

(WH-? – special questions) ?

Negative form

Structure			Examples
I	am not	V+ing	I am not dancing. (= I’m not) I don’t dance.
	is not		He is not singing. (= He isn’t) He doesn’t sing. She is not having dinner. (= She isn’t) She doesn’t have dinner. It is not raining now. (= It isn’t) It’s not raining now.
	are not		We are not working. (= We aren't) We don't work. You are not laughing. (= You aren't) You are not laughing. They are not looking at me. (= They aren't) They don't look at me.

Before you say a sentence, think about the verb. If this is a state verb, then instead of the Present Continuous you need to use Present Simple. For example, “I love pizza” - “I love (like) pizza.”

So, today we looked at the formation of the Present Continuous. If you have any questions on the topic or need additional explanations, write in the comments. I will be happy to answer all questions. Expect new articles in the section.

Present progressive or present progressive (present continuous) is the designation of the present continuous tense in English. The article will provide the grammatical basis for using this tense in the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms of sentences. After each definition and at the end of the article, examples with translation will be given for reinforcement.

Basic rules of use

So, what are the rules of the present progressive and how to use it? As stated, it is used for present actions that are in process: right now, in the near future, or in the current period.

Sentence diagram with affirmative form of this tense consists of a pronoun with an auxiliary part indicating the present tense (to be) + a connective verb with ending -ing.

For the present tense, the connective to be has three forms. It depends on which person is telling the story and their number:

• I am
• He|She|It. He|She|It is
• You|They|We. You|We|They are

The ending -ing must be added to the verb form:

• Read. Read - Reading
• Look. Watch - Watching
• Swim. Swim - Swimming

Thus, if you speak for yourself, you must use the auxiliary verb am: I am reading. I am reading or: I am doing. I am doing.

When is the present continuous tense used in English?

In English there are several variations when using the present progressive. Here are four directions:

1. The present continuous tense indicates the process occurring at the moment of speech: I am watching a film. I am watching a movie. This distinguishes it from the descriptive tense, which is used for actions that occur periodically or continuously: Every year I watch this film at Christmas. Every year I watch this movie in Christmas.
2. Also, a progressive present describes some temporary phenomenon that may not be happening right now, but is relevant in the current period. For example: I am preparing for the exam. I'm preparing for the exam. Here the action is indicated not in a given minute/second, but in the current segment and for a certain period (before passing the exam).
3. Another example is a progressive present: for some action that is planned in the near future. For example: We are leaving on Friday. We're leaving this Friday. Please note that the day of the week in this sentence is preceded by the preposition on. In any other sentences in English, this preposition is placed before the day of the week.
4. AND next case, when used for a long time - to describe actions or phenomena in which something is expressed in a negative way. For this purpose, adverbs are usually used, which can be translated into Russian as “constantly” or “eternally”, this is always/constantly. For example: She always loses hers mobile phone. She is always losing her cellphone.

Verbs that are not used in the Present Progressive

Are there cases when the verb is not used? As a rule, the present progressive is not used with static verbs that denote a certain state - static verbs. These include words that describe processes in relation to sensory, mental perception or attitude. They mean some activity that occurs in the mind, and a person does not have the opportunity to observe them.

Such verbs include the following: feel - to feel, think - to think, love - to love, need - to need, to mean - to imply, have in mind, and others. As you can see, these words denote some kind of thinking or feeling. Due to the fact that in Progressive a certain duration of actions is indicated, these verbs are not used.

Using the present progressive in negative forms

To construct a sentence with negation, you need to add the particle not to the auxiliary verb.

For example:

1. I'm not translating the article right now. I am not translating the article now.
2. He doesn't swim now. He is not swimming now.
3. They don't watch TV now. They are not watching TV now.

In spoken English, abbreviated forms with personal pronouns are actively used. Instead of missing letters, an apostrophe (") is inserted. Abbreviated forms are more applicable for oral speech, however, they are often used in writing: in newspapers, messages, advertising signs.

For example:

1. No, I don't drive a car now. No, I"m not driving a car now.
2. She doesn't try to learn the poem. She isn't trying to learn a poem.
3. They are not skating now. They aren't skating now.

Use in a question sentence

To build interrogative sentence, you need to move the auxiliary verb before the subject answering the question: who? What?

For example:

1. Am I reading Lermontov's poem now? Am I reading a poem of Lermontov now?
2. Is she going to the museum? Is she going to the museum?
3. Are they working in the garden now? Are they working in the garden now?

Offers with present progressive

So, for greater understanding, here are a few phrases with affirmative, negative and interrogative form present continuous tense in English with translation:

1. Look! It is snowing. Look! It is snowing now.
2. Ira is writing a letter now. Ira is writing a letter now.
3. Cold. The wind is getting stronger. It is cold. Wind is getting stronger.
4. Where are you going? - I'm going to go to the department store. Where are you going? - I am going to the emporium.
5. She is preparing panna cotta. She is cooking panna cotta.
6. What is he doing? - He is working on a report. What is he doing? - He is working on the report.
7. The teachers enjoy this evening. Teachers are enjoying the evening.
8. He talks constantly in meetings. He is constantly chattering on meetings.
9. What are you doing? - I'm watching a morning television show. What are you doing? - I am watching morning TV show.
10. They are playing chess now. They are playing chess now.

Conclusion

The present continuous tense is very often used in English: in oral and written speech, in literature. Based on the very name of time, one can already understand that it describes an action in a progressive state. Presentation progressive in English grammar indicates a process that continues in the present. However, there are a number of verbs that are not used in the Progressive tense - these are verbs of sensory perception and mental activity.

Continuous Tenses, "to continue"- continue, last. The very name of this group of times indicates that the main grammatical meaning their is the duration, the process of action.

Band times Continuous also called Progressive Tenses , and in Russian they are called continuous or long time. Verb used in the form Continuous means that an action is taking place at some specific moment. This point may be clear from the context or is often indicated by additional words - an exact indication of the time (hour), another action, etc. somehow concretizing this moment. Depending on the duration of the action, they are distinguished:

Present Continuous- present continuous (present continuous),

Past Continuous- past continuous (past continuous),

Future Continuous- future continuous (future continuous).

Scene 1 discusses examples of the use of tense The Present Continuous Tense.
Scene 5 contains examples of the use The Past Continuous Tense.
In scene 29 comparison in the use of tenses Future And Future Continuous.

Continuous Tense formed by an auxiliary verb "to be" and the fourth main form of the verb (present participle - Present Participle). The only part of the predicate that can be modified is the auxiliary verb. "to be".

Band times Continuous in the active voice. Brief table.

Continuous (Progressive) (process At what time?
Past	Present	Future
Affirmative sentences
was Ving were Ving	am Ving is Ving are Ving	will be Ving
Negative sentences
wasnot Ving werenotVing	am notVing is notVing are notVing	will not be Ving
Interrogative sentences
Was ...Ving? Were ... Ving?	Am...Ving? Is...Ving? Are...Ving?	Will ... be Ving?

Band times Continuous in the active voice. Table with examples.

Continuous (Progressive) (process- action in progress) At what time?
Past	Present	Future
Affirmative sentences
I/He/She/It was Ving We/You/They were Ving	I am Ving (I " m) He/She/It is Ving (He " s/She " s/It " s) We/You/They are Ving (We "re/You "re/They "re )	I/He/She/It/We/You/They will be Ving I "ll be/He "ll be/She "ll be/It "ll be We "ll be/You "ll be/They "ll be
He was playing yesterday at 9 o’clock. He was playing yesterday at 9 o'clock. He played yesterday at 9 o'clock. I was writing yesterday from 6 till 7. I was writing yesterday from 6 to 7. I wrote yesterday from 6 to 7.	He is playing football right now. He is playing football right now. He's playing football right now. I "m writing letter. I am the letter writer. I am writing a letter (now).	He will be playing tomorrow at 3 o'clock. He will be playing tomorrow at 3 o'clock. He will play tomorrow at 3 o'clock. I "I'll be writing when you come. I'll be writing when you come. I'll write when you come.
Negative sentences
I/He/She/It was not Ving (wasn't ) We/You/They were not Ving (weren't )	I am notVing (I "m not) He/She/It is not Ving (He "s not/She "s not/It "s not) (isn't) We/You/They are notVing (We "re not/You "re not/They "re not) (aren't)	I/He/She/It/We/You/They will not be Ving (won'tbe)
He was notplaying when you came. He wasn't playing when you arrived. He wasn't playing when you arrived. I wasn'twriting yesterday at 8 p.m. I wasn't writing at 8pm yesterday. I didn't write at 8 pm yesterday.	He is not playing football now. He is not playing football now. He doesn't play football now. I" m not writing letter. I am not a letter writer. I'm not writing a letter (now).	He won't be playing football tomorrow from 6 till 7. He won't be playing football tomorrow from 6 to 7. He won't play football tomorrow from 6 to 7. I will not be writtening when you come. I won't be a writer, when will you come. I won't write when you come.
Interrogative sentences
Was I/he/she/it Ving? Were we/you/they Ving?	Am I Ving? Is he/she/it Ving? Are we/you/they Ving?	Will I/he/she/it/we/you/they be Ving?
Was he playing football yesterday from 6 till 7? He was playing football yesterday from 6 to 7? Did he play football yesterday from 6 to 7? Were you writing when did I come? Were you writing when I arrived? Did you write when I arrived?	Is he playing football? Is he playing football? Is he playing football now? Are you writing now? Are you a writer now? Are you writing now?	Will I be writteningtomorrowat 7 p.m.? Will I be writing tomorrow at 7pm? Will I write tomorrow at 7 pm? Will he be playing football tomorrow from 6 till 7? Will he be playing football tomorrow from 6 to 7? Will he play football tomorrow from 6 to 7?
Time Markers - Time markers
yesterday at 3 p.m., yesterday from 6 till 7, when you came...	now, right now, at the moment, currently	tomorrow at 3p.m., tomorrow from 6 till 7, when you come

Conventions used in the table:

Ving- The fourth form of the verb. Present participle ( Present Participle or Participle I) and gerund ( Gerund).

to be + Ving- “to be a doer”

In order to better understand the grammatical essence of continuous tenses, let's use the literal translation of each component:

I am working
I am working
I am working

Not working
He is working
It works

We are working
We are working
We are working

She was working
She was working
She worked

They were working
They were working
They worked

I shall be working
I'll be working
I will work

You will be working
You will be working
You will work

From these examples it is clear that the second component of continuous tenses - the present participle - gives the entire verb a sign of duration of action. It is on the basis of the duration of action that these times are contrasted to the times of the group Indefinite. Latest used to express ordinary, repeatedly repeated actions. Compare:

Where is Ivanov?
Where is Ivanov?

Not is working in his study now.
He is now working in his office.

Ivanov usually works in his study.
Ivanov usually works in his office.

Forms in Russian Continuous translated by verbs of the imperfect form of the present, past or future tense (according to the tense of the auxiliary verb).

The interrogative and negative forms of continuous tenses are formed according to the rule of the verb "to be":

I am working.
Am I working?

He was working.
Was he working?

He was not working.

Verbs that do not represent action as a process are not used in the form Continuous.

The main ones are: to accept, to belong, to contain, to consist, to depend on, to deserve, to hope, to hear, to know, to like, to mind, to please, to possess, to prefer, to resemble, to recognize, to result, to see, to understand:

I understand what you are saying.
I understand what you are saying.

I see your drawing and I like it.
I see your drawing and I like it.

Life moves on, and sometimes we don’t notice the events happening around us. The English, in order to draw a little attention to the beautiful seconds of the present, use the Present Continuous Tense.

What is the present continuous tense and why use it? Maybe many will be surprised, but in the Russian language there are also long tenses, it’s just that the grammar does not distinguish them, because we already understand the difference between “goes” and “goes,” “came” and “went.” Changing suffixes, prefixes and even the root itself seems natural to us, just like the use of auxiliary verbs to the English. Present Progressive (Continuous) helps convey the duration of the process, that it is happening at the moment.

Comparison of present tenses

To make it easier to understand, let's look at some examples:

The main difference between these times is the display of action. If the first simply states a fact, says what is, then the continuous or Continuous reveals in detail how this action proceeds.

Education

The rules of the Present Continuous are quite easy to remember. To do this, you will need to remember the conjugation of the verb to be in the present tense and form the form of the first participle (Participle 1) or, in other words, a verb ending in -ing. This may sound a little confusing, but in reality it is easy. Let's look at the example of the verb to work:

TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + Ving

What does this diagram mean? Thus, with the pronoun “I” the form “am” is used. For “she, he, it” we substitute “is”, but for all the others (you, we, they) we use “are”. After auxiliary verbs we put a predicate ending in ing.

I am working now. - I am working now.

She (He, It) is working now. - She's working now.

They (You, We) are working now. - They are working now.

English grammar Present Continuous (Progressive) tense says that this tense can be used in various sentences not only in meaning, but also in type: narrative, negative and interrogative. Of all tenses, the rules for the Present Continuous in this case are the easiest: either add the particle “not”, or swap the subject and auxiliary verb.

Subject + to be + Ving + minor members (affirmative sentence).
Subject + to be + not + Ving + minor members (negative sentence).
To be + subject + Ving + minor members (interrogative sentence)?

I am writing a letter right now.
I am not reading a book now.
Are you cooking dinner now?

Of course, despite the simplicity of the formation of forms, the grammar of present continuum is complicated by some nuances: writing features with the ending -ing.

1. If the verb ends in "e", and there is a consonant before it, then this letter disappears: use-using, manage - managing. But: dye - dyeing.
2. Letter "l" at the end of the word it is doubled: travel - travelling.
3. And here "y", despite previous consonants or vowels, is retained (in some English rules changes, but not in the verb): stay - remaining, study - studying.
4. The consonant after a short stressed syllable is doubled: stop - stopping, sit - sitting. And, if at the end of the word there is stressed syllable « -er,- ur": occur - occurring, prefer - preferring. That's why it's so important to first get to know stressed and unstressed syllables.
5. "ie" changes to "y"at the end of a verb: die - dying.

Another difficulty is caused by verbs that are not used in the continuous form. In the article you will find out all the details.

Use

There are several uses of this tense in sentences and speech. You will learn how and why to use Continuous from the following rules.

• To express an action that is happening right now, at the moment of conversation. Such sentences are often accompanied by the indicators now, at (the) present moment, at this moment, Look! Listen! right now, just now.

What are you doing? — I am cooking now. Come and have supper with us. - What are you doing? I'm cooking now. Come and have dinner with us.

• Some sentences emphasizing action in the present moment can be expressed parallel. So, to tell that the action is happening now, it lasts, conjunctions such as while, when, as help:

I am reading a book while children are playing in their room. — I read a book while the children play in the room.

• Present Continuous is used to express actions that take a slightly longer period, but emphasizes that the action does not occur constantly, but rather lasts some period. The following hints can be used here: still, the whole moning (evening, night), all day.

I am reading the novel by K. Smirnov. — I’m reading a novel by K. Smirnov (the action is extended over time).
She is cooking the whole day. — She cooks all day.
It is raining all day. — It’s been raining all day.
Don't bother him! He is still sleeping. - Don't bother him! He's still sleeping.

• If we are something planned for the near future, then it is better to express your plans in the present continuous. Here there must be hints in the sentence so as not to confuse Present and Future. These can be either tonight, tommorow, or verbs of motion. But most often the construction is used to be going to, which translates as “I’m going, intending”:

Are you doing anything tonight? —Are you doing anything this evening?
I am going to buy a new TV set. — I'm going to buy a new TV.

• Well, the proposals are especially difficult reproach, irritation, condemnation and indignation. Usually everything is accompanied by emotional overtones and the adverbs always, too often, constantly, never again. All these are indicators of Present Simple (speaks about an ordinary event, fact), so look inside the sentence, text, meaning, so as not to get confused. Let's compare:

He is always going away for weekends. “He’s always going away for the weekend.”
He always goes away for weekends. — He always leaves for the weekend.

• If the action constantly changes, develops, wears dynamic character, then select Present Continuous:

His handwriting is improving. — He writes better and better.
Fitness is becoming a generally accepted principle of life. — Fitness is becoming a generally accepted principle of life.

Of course, at first you need to often look at the rules for presentation continuum or at the table. But nothing, over time everything will be simpler, clearer and easier.