Love is the simple present tense in English. Present Simple: stories, general facts and regular events

IN English language, unlike Russian, . But the British often use only half of them. The most popular tense among all English-speaking inhabitants of our planet is , translated as Simple Present Tense. It is used to describe things that are done regularly, habits and hobbies. And if everything is clear with the affirmative form of this tense, and construct sentences in Present Simple will not be difficult, problems may arise with the preparation of interrogative sentences. Let's figure out how questions are formed in the Present Simple.

Rule of education Present Simple questions

To correctly compose interrogative sentences, we put the helping verb do (for I, we, you, they) or does (for he, she, it) in first place. The rest of the word order remains the same as it was in the affirmative construction.

Those. interrogative present form Simple looks like this:

Do/Does + performer (subject) + 1st form of the semantic verb.

Do you spend weekends alone? - Do you spend your weekends alone?
Does she help you with your studies? -She helps you With studies?

NB! The ending "es" is added to the helping verb Do when the subject is in the 3rd person form singular(3rd person singular). In other cases, there is no need to add the ending. It is also important to remember that the ending of the main verb does not change, the “s” is only added to the auxiliary verb Do (Do+es).

Types of questions

There are several of them in English. There are general, special, alternative, dividing questions to the subject. But don't let such diversity scare you. In Present Simple, examples of constructing the above structures follow simple rules that you can easily remember.

• General question. It implies only two answer options: “yes” or “no”. In this way we find out whether there was any action at all?

In Present Simple, a question of this type is constructed according to the following scheme:

Do/Does + performer (subject) + action (predicate) + other members of the sentence

It was this type that was discussed at the beginning of the article. Let's complicate the design a little.
Does she help you with your studies every evening? -She helps you With studies every evening?

Alternative question

When an alternative is offered. There is a choice between qualities, actions, objects. The sentence is built on the same principle as in the general question, but is divided into two parts by the conjunction “or”.

Do you work 5 days a week or in shifts? -You you're working 5 days V a week or in shifts?
Does your husband or do you look after kids?-Do you or your husband look after the children?

In the second example, it is worth noting that this is a question about the subject, so the auxiliary verb is placed before the first and second subjects.

Dividing (“tag question”)

Also known as the ponytail question.” It’s very easy to create such a proposal in a simple present. It is necessary to write it in the affirmative form, and at the end, separated by a comma, add: “true”, “isn’t it”, which in English version will sound like don’t you/doesn’t she (depending on the subject). It's interesting that in affirmative sentence a negative tail is put, and a negative tail is positive.

My friend often goes to his girlfriend, doesn’t he? - my friend often goes to see his girlfriend, doesn’t he?
He doesn’t play the guitar, does he? - He doesn't play guitar, right?

In a conversation with a person, on the “tail” we increase intonation.

Special question in Present Simple

We ask when you need to find out some special, additional information about something.

We start this construction with question words:

Special questions are one of the most frequently used constructions; the ability to ask them correctly will make your English speech much richer and more varied

Question with who (to the subject)

is asked when we need to find out who performed this or that action. It is slightly different in construction from the others. Its peculiarity is that it does not need an auxiliary verb, and the main verb, in turn, will always end in “s”
Who often goes to Moscow? - who often travels to Moscow?

Answers to common questions

They can be short and complete
Let's look at them using the following two questions as an example

Do they know each other? - Do they know each other?
Does she play basketball? — She plays basketball?

• Brief answers

Yes, they do / No, they don’t - Yes / No
Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t - Yes / No

As you can see, the auxiliary verb replaces the entire action.

• Complete answers

Yes, she does. She plays basketball every Friday - Yes, she plays basketball every Friday.
No, she doesn't. She doesn't play basketball. - No, she doesn't play basketball.

Yes, they do. They know each other - Yes, they know each other
No, they don’t know each other - No, they don’t know each other

Present simple- simple present tense in English. The present simple is used to describe CONSTANT actions. For TEMPORARY actions, another tense is used - Present continuous.

Present simple is the most frequently used tense of the four real tenses in English. It occurs in approximately 65% ​​of sentences expressed in the present tense. However, it is not universal and cannot describe any situation in the present. The following video shows in what cases the Present simple is used and how it is formed.

In order to understand the essence of any tense, including the Present simple, you need to consider two aspects - the rules of formation and the rules of use. Let's start with the last one.

Rule of use 1.
Present simple is used to describe CONSTANT actions:

Rule of use 2.
The present simple describes constant situations WITHOUT specifying the duration of the action. (With duration of action use the present perfect tense)

Rules for the formation of Present simple

Education Rule 1.
The Present Simple is conjugated differently for the singular and plural. The singular number ends in s, the plural does not:

Education Rule 2.
The pronoun “you” does not exist in English. Even children and animals are addressed as “you”. Therefore, a verb with the word “you” cannot have an “s” ending.

Education Rule 3.
“I (I)” in English is used according to the rules PLURAL, (i.e. without ending S). This emphasizes an equally respectful attitude not only towards the interlocutor, who is addressed only as “you”, but also towards oneself. Special treatment to oneself can also be traced in the spelling “I (I)”, it is always written with capital letters- I.

Present simple for the verb like (Table 1)
to like - to love something

		I	like apples	I like apples
				Do you like apples	There is no word "you" in English.
		He	likes apples	He loves apples	The singular number means the ending S.
		She	likes apples	She loves apples
		It	likes apples	It loves apples
		You	like apples	Do you like apples
		We	like apples	We love apples
		They	like apples	They love apples

Here is an example of conjugating another verb “love” in the present simple:

The verb “love” in Present Simple, table 2
to love - to love someone

	I	love Anne	I love Anne
	He	loves Anne	He loves Anne
	She	loves Jon	She loves John
	It	loves Anne	It (the animal) loves Anne
	You	love Anne	Do you love Anne
	We	love Anne	We love Anne
	They	love Anne	They love Anne

Education Rule 4.
In the Present simple, all verbs are formed into the singular by adding the ending s. However, there are 3 verbs that fall outside of this rule. These are the verbs:

		have	- have
		be	- be
		do	- do

You need to remember how these verbs are conjugated in Present Simple.

The verb “have” in the present simple, table 3
to have - to have

	I	have	I have
	You	have	You have
	He	has	He has
	She	has	She has
	It	has	It has
	We	have	We have
	They	have	They have

Present simple tense, verb “to do - do”, table 4
do - do

	I	do	I do
	He	does	He does
	She	does	It does
	It	does	It does
	You	do	You doing
	We	do	We do
	They	do	They make

Education The present simple for the verb “to be” is different from other verbs. The form for “I-I” in it does not coincide with either the plural or the singular. The conjugation of this verb in the Present simple must be remembered.

In the article I wrote briefly and simply about the present simple tense: Present Simple:

— rules of use,
- how to say a regular sentence in simple tense,
- how to ask a question in Present Simple,
- sentences with negation - “He doesn’t, doesn’t know, etc.”
— video from a native speaker about Present Simple,
- consolidation exercises,
— and why is it necessary to study the material out loud?

Present Simple - education

To say:

I Working,
You you're working,
They work,
We we work - we use a verb without endings.

I You They We work.

Check out the full example:

I drink coffee in the morning. I drink coffee in the morning.
You drink coffee in the morning. You/You drink/drink coffee in the morning.
They drink coffee in the morning. They drink coffee in the morning.
We drink coffee in the morning. We drink coffee in the morning.

To say:

He works,
She works,
It works - add - s - to the verb at the end

He it works.

He drinks coffee in the morning. He drinks coffee in the morning.
She drinks coffee in the morning. She drinks coffee in the morning.
It drinks coffee in the morning. It drinks coffee in the morning.

Remember:

1. The simple present tense is used in cases that make up your daily life or in English it sounds daily life - daily routine.
2. No word endings /noun adj./, as in Russian or German, does NOT exist in English, only the letter -s- on the verb and that’s it. This greatly facilitates the process of learning English.

Negative sentences in the Present Simple

To say:

I I do not work,
You NOT working
They Does not work,
We We DO NOT work - do not is used after the pronoun. .

I You They We do not work.

Look at the example:

I do not drink coffee in the morning. I don't drink coffee in the morning.
You do not drink coffee in the morning. You/You don't drink/drink coffee in the morning.
They do not drink coffee in the morning. They don't drink coffee in the morning.
We do not drink coffee in the morning. We don't drink coffee in the morning.

To say:

He Does not work,
She Does not work,
It Does NOT work - does not is used after the pronoun.

He it does not work.

He does not drink coffee in the morning. He doesn't drink coffee in the morning.
She does not drink coffee in the morning. She doesn't drink coffee in the morning.
It does not drink coffee in the morning. It doesn't drink coffee in the morning.

Interrogative sentences in Present Simple

To ask:

I Working?
You are you working?
They do they work?
We are we working? — at the very beginning we put Do.

Do I You They We work?

Do I drink coffee in the morning?
Do you drink coffee in the morning?
Do they drink coffee in the morning?
Do we drink coffee in the morning?

To ask:

He works?
She works?
It works? — at the very beginning we put Does.

Does He work?

Does he drink coffee in the morning?
Does she drink coffee in the morning?
Does it drink coffee in the morning?

If question words are used, they come first.

When do I you we they wake up on the morning?
When does he she it wake up on the morning?

When to use the Present Simple

1. If you need to talk about your habits, your Everyday life, customs, in general:

- work, wake up in the morning, have breakfast, brush your teeth,
- live, go to school, study lessons, attend clubs,
— think, watch TV, visit friends, etc.

then we say:

I work, I live, I think, I drink, I watch.

I work, I live, I think, I drink, I watch.

We you they

We work, They live, You think, you drink.

We work, They live, You think, You drink.

If you need to say the same thing, but about someone/something:

He/She lives, works, watches, thinks, has breakfast.
There is a third party It- train, house, tree, dog.

In these cases we add to the verb -s- and then in English we’ll say this:

She works - She works.
He lives - He lives.
He has - He has.
She thinks - She thinks.
The train leaves - The train leaves.

2. If you need to talk about facts:

Gasoline costs 40 rubles per liter - Gasoline costs 40 rubles per liter.

It's snowing in Moscow today - It’s snowing in Moscow today.

Cats love milk.

Putin is the president of our country, etc. — Putin is the president of our country.

3. If you need to say something that has already been planned, happens according to the established schedule:

The working day starts at 9 am - The working day starts at 9 am.

The train leaves at night at 11 o'clock - The train leaves at night at 11 o’clock.

The plane arrives in the evening - The plane arrives in the evening.

Total: if all of the above happens constantly, daily, often, usually, sometimes, rarely, we speak in the Present Simple.

ATTENTION:

If all of the above actions, facts, events occur right now, at the time of conversation, used Present Continuous - about him in the next post.

**In Russian grammar textbooks you will find information that the Present Simple usually uses indicator words: usually, seldom, often, every day, always +
In fact, in life, these markers are rarely used and you should NOT rely on them.

Below I have posted additional examples to reinforce the material.

Video from a native about simple English time

It’s good to listen to any material from native speakers, whether it’s grammar or topics - it develops an important skill - to be able to understand English speech. They all speak very well, with an acceptable vocabulary, and as a rule they have English subtitles. They don't pour water like our teachers do. They try to make the videos as informative, short and useful as possible. I strongly advise everyone who is learning English to watch and listen to educational videos only from native speakers.

Sentences in Present Simple

Affirmative sentences in Present Simple

I have a car.
I have a car.
I already know the answer.
I already know the answer. I love this highway. I love this road.

She wants to talk to you about it right now.
She wants to talk to you about it right now. He cares about me.
He cares about me.
We do prints, posters, and art books. We make prints, posters and art books.
Everybody lies.
Everyone lies.

They live a simple, happy life.

They live a simple happy life.
They have rights.
They have rights.
He respects her.
He respects her.

Imperative sentences

Deep breath. Breathe deeply. Hold her hand.

Hold her hand.
Forget it.
Forget.
Come back.
Come back.

Do it.

Do it.
Consolidation exercises
Practice
20 times out loud /this is important!/

next questions:
Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he / she / it work?

Do we work?
Do they work?
Say out loud in English:

I work for Apple.

I live in Moscow.
What you use every day: you drive a car, you get up in the morning, you go on vacation - it is phrases from your everyday life that will give you the skill in the future not only to speak living English, and not book English, but also to understand native speakers.

Speaking new material gives your tongue and brain the opportunity to remember what you have learned and automatically “give out” it when needed in the future.

My personal example

At this stage, I read, watch and listen to various kinds of books and videos.
Previously, I tried to write down all the words and phrases I didn’t know in a dictionary.
As a result, the notebook increased in size, but the new words remained passive.
It would seem that I write, thereby training visual memory, but this skill does not have any special results for speaking English, because writing only helps in remembering the correct spelling of words and recognizing them in books.

But after I started read aloud, repeating new phrases after the natives, WITHOUT writing anything down in a notebook, I noticed that subsequently, the words themselves seem to “crawl out” and it’s easy for you to translate something from the text, immediately remember this or that idiom and fit it into the context . Those. our memory is somehow so cunningly designed, it gives us, on occasion, everything that we have said before. At least that's how it is for me.

Therefore, always, after acquiring new knowledge, speak the material out loud not once or 10 times, but 20 or more times. The results will surprise you.

Speaking English means opening many doors for yourself. IN modern world This skill is highly valued, and therefore you need to devote a lot of time to learning English. You need to develop this ability in yourself from childhood, although an adult can master a new language even in the absence of any initial knowledge. The main thing is to know the grammar, and the rest will come with practice.

Anyone who is familiar with the basics of the English language has encountered its tenses. It is on them that the entire English grammar is based, and it is they that cause difficulties and problems in learning for many. The most commonly used tense is the Present Simple. The table, as a rule, greatly simplifies the learning process.

When to use the Present Simple

English, like any language, is built on general principles and rules that often do not allow alternatives in the use of certain grammatical structures. Some cases require the use of only a table of the use of this tense must be observed for literate speech.

Present Simple is used in the following cases:

1. When we're talking about about general rules, truths - about what everyone knows: a description of the laws, natural phenomena, research results and any other generally accepted facts (Mouses love cheese - Mice love cheese).
2. When we show emotions, feelings or state (I believe in love - I believe in love).
3. When describing everyday or permanent situations (His parents live in Russia - His parents live in Russia).
4. In the context of the future tense after the words if, when, before, until, unless (I "ll stay here untill you get back - I will stay here until you return).
5. When it comes to a schedule or regular actions, events (I get up at 8:30 - I get up at 8:30).
6. When we talk about personal habits, hobbies (I like bacon - I love bacon).
7. When we talk about what is happening now (She is here now - She is here now).

Although the Present Simple is considered one of the simplest grammatical tenses in the English language, it has several nuances that cannot be ignored, because otherwise written and spoken speech will be absurd.

Narration in Present Simple

Declarative sentences make up the majority of our speech. In Present Simple they are constructed as follows: subject + predicate (if speaking in the third person, then with the ending -s, only for the singular).

For example:

• I read the newspaper every morning. - I read a newspaper every morning.
• He reads the newspaper every morning. - He reads a newspaper every morning.

This is important: you must not confuse the form that the third person takes in the singular tense with the plural! The ending -s should only be added to the pronouns “it”, “he”, “she”.

Question in Present Simple

Auxiliary and special modal verbs are taken as the basis for constructing questions in the Present Simple. Such proposals are constructed according to the following scheme: question word+ special auxiliaries / + subject + predicate.

If different to be are used, it should be taken as the basis for constructing the question. Eg:

• He is a teacher. - He is a teacher.
• He is a teacher? - Is he a teacher?

IN general issues It is modal verbs that are used, not auxiliary verbs. For example:

• She knows how to jump into the pool. - She can jump in the pool.
• Can she jump into the pool? - Can she jump in the pool?

The verb to do has special meaning in Present Simple, a table of its main forms is given below. If a sentence has a semantic verb, but there is no modal verb, then the following forms of the verb to do are used:

I	do
we	do
they	do
he	does
she	does
it	does
you	do

This is important: when using the form does, the ending -s is not placed on the main predicate.

Negation in Present Simple

Auxiliary and special modal verbs in the Present Simple, table of forms to do in the present tense are also used to form negative sentences.

Scheme: subject + special auxiliary / modal verbs + particle not + predicate. In practice, abbreviations are often used: do not - don"t,
does not - doesn't.

For example:

• He runs every evening. - He runs every evening.
• He doesn't run every evening. - He does not (doesn't) run every evening.

English table: Present Simple

It is better to see and understand once than to read a thousand times and remain perplexed. Visual memory and general perception help to remember the material better. Especially when it comes to basic time in English, such as the Present Simple. The table for children, as well as for adults, is great option For quick learning grammars.

Verbs in Present Simple

All verbs are important for constructing sentences: modal, auxiliary and, of course, main. Together, they create a certain system that makes up the main part of both this tense and the entire English language.

In the Present Simple, the first is used. However, there are nuances that must be taken into account when constructing a sentence of this tense:

1. In affirmative sentences in the third person singular, the verb takes on the particle -s.
2. In negatives and questions in the third person singular using the form does, the particle -s is not used.
3. IN interrogative sentence An auxiliary verb is used before the subject. If type, an interrogative pronoun is used before them.
4. If the question is to the subject itself, then Who is used instead of the subject and applied before the predicate.

The verbs in Present Simple, the conjugation table of which is given below, are a framework without which it would be impossible to express your thoughts.

Number	Face	Declarative sentences	Negative sentences	Interrogative sentences
one.	1	I draw.	I don't draw.	Do I draw?
	2	You draw.	You don't draw.	Do you draw?
	3	He draws. She draws. It draws.	He does not draw. She does not draw. It does not draw.	Does he draw? Does she draw? Does it draw?
plural	1		You don't draw.	Do you draw?
	2	We draw.	We don't draw.	Do we draw?
	3	They draw.	They don't draw.	Do they draw?

Marker words

It’s one thing to learn what the Present Simple table looks like, and another thing to put the acquired knowledge into practice. Sometimes, looking at a sentence, it is not immediately possible to determine which grammatical tense it belongs to. This is precisely why there are marker words - unique indicators of a particular time. They are usually used after a modal/special auxiliary verb or at the end of a sentence. Marker words for Present Simple:

• sometimes - sometimes,
• regularly - constantly,
• rarely - rarely,
• often - often,
• at the weekend - on the weekend,
• on Wednesday - on Wednesdays,
• every day - every day,
• at weekends - on weekends,
• always - always,
• at 9 o"clock - at 9 o'clock,
• usually - usually.

When starting to learn the temporary system of the English language, many people look forward with fear. How can you remember all this? How to understand everything? Gradually, moving from rule to rule, from example to example, from exercise to exercise. And the first tense that students encounter is the Present Simple (Indefinite).

General meaning This rule is a reflection of actions that occur usually, regularly, habitually. Others in words Present Indefinite Tense states a fact, simply conveys some information. English sentence is built according to a clear pattern, but each time has its own characteristics. What do you need to know about present simple (indefinite)?

Education

An affirmative sentence is composed according to the following principle: Subject + verb + minor members. But not everything is so easy. If pronouns take the place of the main member of the sentence she/he/it or nouns in the 3rd person singular, then we add an ending to the verb - s(es). So the diagram looks like this: S + V (V s).

With interrogative and negative sentences, Present Simple grammar dictates a completely different principle to us. Appear auxiliary verbs do/does, where does is used with pronouns she/he/it and 3rd person singular subjects, and do with all others. They are not translated and have no semantic meaning. These are helpers that in questions take place before the subject, and in negatives after, but with the particle not. It is worth noting that the predicate here again changes its form - the infinitive without to (as the verb is presented in the dictionary). The patterns of questions and negatives are as follows: Do/Does + S + V 1 ? and S + do/ does + not + V 1.

IN colloquial speech many words are combined so that the sentence is not cumbersome. This is why it is often used short forms:

do not = don't

does not = doesn’t

It is important to know!

The rules of Present Simple (Indefinite) are not limited to this. There are little nuances that need to be learned.

1. Writing Features verbs ending in s or es.

• if the verb ends with a letter "o" then we add es : goes, does.
• The situation is the same with sibilant consonants if the word ends with them: s, x, ch, sh: mixes, matches, pushes, misses.
• provided that the predicate has a letter at the end "y" , and there is a consonant before it, then “y” changes to "i+es": stu d y-stu d ies, fly - flies. Ho: stay - st a ys, say - s a ys.

2. Pronunciation the same ending s is also variable. So, after voiceless consonants it is necessary to pronounce the sound [s]: drops, lets. If the ending is next to a vowel or a voiced consonant, then it sounds like [z]: adds, plays. But after the sounds you need to pronounce it like : loses, mixes.

3. I would also like to note two verbs that do not follow the general rules. This to be and to have. For example, to be has distinctive forms that depend on the subject: I - am, She/he/it + is, we/you/they - are. They are fixed, there are not many of them, so learning them will not be difficult (You can learn more about this from the article of the same name “The verb to be in English”). Denial and questions are constructed without the help of auxiliaries. Being at the same time a predicate, in questions to be comes before the subject, and in negatives it is used with the particle not.

She is the first passanger. — She is the first passenger.

Are you a good son? - You are a good son?

We aren't at school, we are at home. - We are not at school, we are at home.

The verb to have in an affirmative sentence with the subjects she/ he/ it takes the form has, with all others - have.

She has a nice car. — She has a beautiful car.

We have a strong family. - We have a strong family.

Use of Present Indefinite

1. As mentioned earlier, the present simple tense reflects the usual, regularly or rarely repeated actions that can be called the norm . Often used with adverbs such as: always (always), usually (usually), generally (usually, as a rule), occasionally (occasionally, sometimes, occasionally), frequently (often), sometimes (sometimes), often (often), twice a year (twice per year), once a week (once a week), every day (year, month), from time to time (from time to time), rarely (rarely), every other day (every other day), daily (daily), monthly (monthly).

They rarely go out on Sundays. — They rarely leave the house on Sundays.

It doesn't often rain in winter here. — It doesn’t rain often here in winter.

As a rule, she has a meal at home. — As a rule, she eats at home.

2. Such constant characteristics as hobbies, habits, customs and traditions.

As a hobby Jim and Ken design ships paper. — As a hobby, Jim and Ken make paper ships.

The British drink tea at 5 o’clock. — The British drink tea at 5 o'clock.

I paint for pleasure, but not because I want to make money out of it. — I draw for pleasure, not to make money from it.

3. Natural phenomena, undeniable truths, generalizations are always used in the Present Simple.

Summer follows spring. — Summer comes after spring.

The earth is round. - The earth is round.

4. Schedule, routes, working hours.

The shop closes at 7 p.m. — The store closes at 7.

The train leaves from the station at 5. - The train leaves the station at 5.

5. With state verbs (More details in the article “Verbs not used in the Continuous”) that express feelings, opinions, etc.

I disagree with him. - I don’t agree with him.

I hate your driving a car. - I hate it when you drive.

6. Sports commentators Always use the Present Simple. The same time is used in instructions, statements, anecdotes.

Now I peel the potatoes, slice them, put into the bowl (recipe) - Now I peel the potatoes, cut them into pieces and put them on a plate.

Becker passes to Lendle. - Baker passes it to Landel.

7.Retelling films, jokes, stories , it is better to use present simple.

Events go rapidly. John meets her and they fall in love with each other. — Events developed rapidly. John met her and they fell in love.

8. B subordinate clauses conditions and time, after the conjunctions when, if, after, before, as soon as, until, in case, unless (although we translate into the future).

I’ll phone you as soon as I come. - I'll call you as soon as I get there.

If it rains we will stay at you overnight. - If it rains, we will stay with you overnight.

Comparison of times

To make it easier for you to understand this time, its essence, let’s compare it with other present times and find the differences.

According to everyone Present rules Simple (Indefinite) is used quite often. We can say that it occupies a leading position in use. When studying this tense, pay attention to formation, or rather to auxiliary verbs and endings, but cases of use will be easier to remember if you do a few exercises.