Message about Sochi National Park. Sochi National Park: history and modernity

The Meghri and Psou rivers limit a 70-kilometer coastal area, which is protected by the state - this is Sochi national park. The region is famous natural resources: subtropical climate, amazingly beautiful landscape, flora and fauna (with its rarest representatives from the world’s Red Book).

Some animals can only be found here. Some plants are representatives of relict species that lived here in prehistoric times. Found here rare species flora and fauna have made the biosphere reserve a museum under open air. The local plants and fauna are valuable on a planetary scale.

In Sochi national park are busy not only with security natural resources, but also by popularizing them through the organization of long and short-term recreation for people, divided into zones with different security regimes. There are no excursions in the national reserve. Research work is carried out on its territory.

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History of creation

Sochi National Park and Mount Akhun are developing tourism infrastructure. The national park in Sochi was one of the first created in Russia. It was established in 1983 as a specially protected wildlife area.

The reserve and park arboretum were founded due to the beginning of disturbances of ecosystems created naturally over thousands of years. The preservation of the unique gene pool of relict flora, together with the recreational role of forests around the resort area, served as the start for the creation of the Sochi Federal State Budgetary Institution biosphere reserve. The area of ​​its mountain forests occupies more than 90% of the entire nature of the Black Sea reserve.

Not only the fauna of the Sochi National Park (unique of its kind), but also geo- and hydrological formations are world archaeological monuments. That is why the protected part of the park is nominated on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Sochi Arboretum

The arboretum park and its created structure were assigned the following tasks:

• on the preservation of historical and cultural heritage sites;
• environmental education;
• creating conditions for health tourism;
• scientific activities in the field of nature conservation and its recreational use;
• environmental monitoring;
• protection of relict forests;
• foreign cooperation;
• promotion resource potentials Black Sea coast.

Sochi National Park and Mount Akhun claim to be the leading place in terms of the number of relict plant and animal species.

Location

The tourist map will inform vacationers how to get to the beauty of the national park. There are regular bus routes and excursion flights with guides and a full tour of the main attractions.

Location in four resort areas between the Caucasian nature reserve And Black Sea coast convenient for tourists. Krasnaya Polyana provides them with its entire developed infrastructure.

Information about the national park is provided on a specially designed map, which allows you to know in advance where places of interest to tourists are located, and allows you to shortest time plan an excursion.

The Sochi Nature Reserve also has its own official website, containing a description of everything that can be seen in these protected areas. Mount Akhun is a popular visiting place, so you can book an excursion to it at all travel agencies.

What can you see

What interesting things can a tourist see?

Sochi National Park is literally dotted with mountain karst massifs that are thousands of years old.

Arboretum park dissected by waters mountain rivers, tending to the Black Sea and forming narrow canyons and gorges there.

Psaho Canyon

No description can replace the contemplation of the majestic waterfalls and mysterious caves that the arboretum park provides to its visitors.

They have at their disposal the sites of ancient people on the territory of historical monuments.

Animals and plants of the reserve

Part of the park is closed to tourists, being a protected area. Here in favorable conditions Rare species of fauna live here.

The leopards in the reserve feel great; they were brought from different corners planets and began to multiply.

The bison population increases every year and numbers several hundred individuals.

In rivers and lakes except those listed in the Red Book Caucasian otter there are endangered fish species.

The arboretum park is rich in unique plant species.

Valley saffron from the Iris family can be found in mountain meadows. Its wild representatives grow only in Asia Minor.

The aroma of relict Pitsunda pines (witnesses of the pre-glacial period) together with the sea smell creates unique aroma in the air of the park.

The richness of flora and fauna, together with the landscape and unique climate, make the park not only a place of recreation, but also a center for nature conservation, a kind of open-air museum.

1983 is considered the year of birth of the Sochi National Park. This is one of the first parks in our country.

The total area of ​​the park is 194 thousand hectares. Thanks to the ideal climate, the rarity of many natural objects and pristine nature, the park has become an ideal place for active recreation and tourism.

Located Sochi Park on the Black Sea slope of the Greater Caucasus, in its northwestern part. The terrain of the park is mainly mountainous and very broken.

There are many rivers and streams flowing throughout the National Park. There are about 40 of them in total. The most long river- Mzytma, followed by Shahe and Psou. Many waterfalls and canyons formed on the rivers. On the Psou River there is the largest waterfall, called Bezymyanny: its height is simply amazing - it’s as much as 72 meters!

On the Sochi River, on its right tributary, where the Bezumenka stream flows into, there is the Orekhovsky waterfall, 33 meters high. The famous karst caves – Vorontsovskaya and Akhunskaya – present an amazing picture.

Winter in the north of the reserve is always warm and mild. The temperature in January never drops below + 5 degrees Celsius. Summer in Sochi Park is hot, with temperatures of + 25 degrees Celsius. And already in the Circassian Pass (2000 m) the temperature is much lower: in winter – 5, in summer +12 degrees Celsius. And all this thanks subtropical climate, which brings a kind of order here.

Nature and animals of Sochi National Park

How can such a corner of the earth, with a wonderful climate, be deprived of flora and fauna? No way! Therefore, the vegetation of the National Park is simply amazing in its diversity. Many plants are represented by rare species that are listed in the Red Book of Russia. IN large quantities Lipsky tulip, Caucasian lily, common fig, and Caucasian kandyk are found here.

The Caucasian viper is an inhabitant of Sochi Park.

Only in this park do luxurious trees grow, called sowing chestnuts. They grow in natural conditions and are considered relict species. Eastern beech is very common in forests. This powerful and beautiful tree grows up to 50 meters, and its silver-gray trunks make the forest transparent and light. The slopes are dominated by dense oak plantations. They occupy a quarter of the entire forest area of ​​Sochi Park. The small, glossy, black-green foliage of boxwood gives the forest a whimsical appearance. The fluffy and gray beards of moss that hang from the branches of the trees make the forest a fantastic kingdom.

Brown bear: in Russia you can’t live without it!

The national park is inhabited by a huge number of mammals. These are Caucasian and European roe deer, lynx, deer, and about 70 other species of various animals. There are also rare species of animals that are included in the International Red Book: these are the Caucasian cross, the Caucasian viper, and the Aesculapian snake.

What should tourists and visitors to Sochi Park see?

Many tourist routes will show the beauty, majesty and uniqueness of the Sochi National Park. It is worth looking at the Orekhovsky and Angursky waterfalls, and visiting Mount Akhun.

Sochi is the second oldest park Russian Federation. It is located near the resort city of Sochi. Its area is almost 200 thousand hectares. There is a river flowing through the park that has long been noticed by rafting enthusiasts from all over the world. And the diverse landscape, many species of exotic animals and unforgettable views made it the pearl of this region.

Creation of the park

The history of the park dates back to 1983. The main purpose of creating this reserve was to preserve the unique flora and fauna of the Greater Caucasus. Thanks to the joint efforts of scientists from various fields, it was possible not only to preserve the region, which has high ecological and recreational value, but also to restore many destroyed natural objects. An important role is also played by the park staff, who are constantly opening new museum exhibitions that operate on the territory of the forestry areas.

Sochi National Park is not only a monument to a unique landscape. Its employees have laid out comfortable forest paths and bridges along which park guests can stroll. In addition, almost fifty natural objects were open to guests, which surprise with their pristine beauty. These include unique caves, waterfalls and canyons, and most importantly, enchanting forested areas with picturesque landscapes.

Park landscape

A special feature is the abundance of rivers and streams, which create a huge number of canyons and waterfalls. The park is also famous for its unique caves, such as Vorontsovsky and Akhunsky. In addition, there are unique waterfalls on the territory, the beauty of which thousands of tourists come to see every year.

The Sochi park also contains such important geological monuments as underground rivers, limestone massifs with deep caves, as well as unique karst cavities.

Plants of the park

The beech forests here are up to 50 meters high. In addition, a quarter of all the trees in the reserve are oaks, which grow on the slopes of the mountains. In addition, only in this park can you find a unique European chestnut, which is a relict species. And the thick moss gives the landscapes the enchanting appearance of a magical forest.

The most favorite place for tourists is the Riviera Park, which is covered unique species flowers, greenery and rare species of trees. The park in Sochi has a huge number of rare species of roses, from which the reserve’s craftsmen create a new beautiful composition every year.

In summer, the park provides an opportunity for vacationers to hide from the scorching sun in the shade of tall chestnut and pine trees. And in winter you can enjoy the aroma of blooming magnolias and fragrant pine needles. Magnolia blossoms late autumn or even at the beginning of winter. Moreover, even snow will not interfere with this. The flowers are very fragrant, primarily because in Sochi high humidity, which promotes the spread of aroma.

Animal world

Sochi National Park is a unique place for ecotourism, due to the presence on the territory of a huge number of unique biological species. Many species of animals that can be found in the Sochi nature reserve are listed in the Red Book.

More than 120 species of birds live on the territory of the reserve, some of which cannot be found almost anywhere else. If we talk about animals, there are almost 80 of them in the park various types. Among them we should highlight the deer, brown bear, otter, European roe deer, marten and many others, which are practically never found in the forests of our homeland.

In addition, the rivers that Sochi National Park is rich in are abundant with rare species of fish. In addition, you can meet rare species of reptiles (there are almost 20 of them in the park).

Thanks to teamwork employees actively disseminate information about who lives here. Volunteers are constantly involved in the work to disseminate information (including online).

Relaxation in the park

Every year ecotourism is only gaining popularity. Nowadays, it is fashionable and prestigious to engage in active recreation, stay overnight in tents, and also visit national reserves and parks. Favorite place tourists from Russia and other countries became Sochi National Park. Its map allows you to perfectly plan your route. And the huge areas capture the tourist’s spirit with their magnificent reliefs, unique flora and fauna.

You can visit the park as part of an excursion, or on your own. For extreme tourists, rafting along mountain rivers, horseback riding along the slopes is offered. More relaxed travelers can visit one of the excursion routes suggested by the guide, just take a walk with the family and relax in the cool of the dense forest.

Sochi National Park is a huge territory that was taken under state protection as one of the first in our country. Today you can also find impassable tropical forests, and alluring snow-capped peaks, and mysterious caves, and rapid waterfalls. In general, this is a real paradise for lovers of natural beauty and those who want to diversify their lazy beach holiday.

There are a huge number of routes of varying difficulty across the territory of the national park. Some of them can be overcome on foot, others - on horseback, and some can only be conquered by rock climbers and mountaineers. In any case, no matter what option the guests choose, there will probably be a lot waiting for them along the way. interesting places and natural attractions.

One of the main ones, which has become business card not only the national park, but also the entire resort city of Sochi - Mount Akhun. It gained fame primarily due to the observation tower located at the top. The site offers simply stunning views of the surrounding area.

Another peak that is popular among tourists is Fisht. It is in her honor that one of the popular Olympic stadiums is named. The landscapes here are simply wonderful - green meadows, snow-capped peaks - many believe that this place is very similar to the Alps. Tourists living in Adler boarding houses with a swimming pool are attracted not only by the opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery, but also by the chance to get a dose of adrenaline by climbing using climbing equipment.

Sochi National Park is amazing place, With beautiful nature. Those who are in Sochi and near it should definitely visit this amazing place, because here you can admire the Agursky waterfall or the Volkonsky gorge. Coming here you can feel yourself in wildlife, really, you don’t have to be afraid that you’ll be attacked wild boars or bears.

By the way, this fact is very pleasing. On the territory of the park itself there are a huge number of rivers that turn into waterfalls, both large and very modest in size.

It is also important to pay attention to the flora of Sochi Park. Well, this is where you will also see a large accumulation of beech trees, each of which reaches 50 meters in height.

What is also interesting is that massive oak trees grow on the slopes of the mountains and sometimes it seems as if they are falling into the abyss. But the massive roots of these trees keep them in the soil.

By the way, moss grows there. Lots of moss. Therefore, the surface of the earth there is soft, like a blanket, which creates a kind of fabulous impression from visiting this place.

Walking there, there is a high probability of stumbling upon a Byzantine temple, or rather its ruins. Of course, little remains of it, because it was built back in the 12th century. But just imagine, you will have the opportunity to touch history, the stones that were laid there many centuries ago. This trip is definitely worth it.

At the same time, near the Volkonsky Gorge there is a small waterfall, at the foot of which a lake has formed. As they say, these waters are healing. And it’s worth taking at least one sip of them to give strength to the body.

Of course, not everyone believes in this, but the water there is really clean, so you can safely drink without fear of harming your body.

It is worth noting that the park staff took a very painstaking approach to protecting its nature. Thus, on its territory there are 15 forest areas, each of which breeds individual plant species.

The level of contamination of soil and water bodies is constantly monitored. The most important thing is that it is in this park that a system for restoring the leopard population has been developed. There are very few of them left in the wild, so staff took up the issue.

They constantly monitor all individuals of this species and, if necessary, intervene, but not often, so that leopards can lead their “wild” lifestyle.

What matters is that main goal Sochi Park is about preserving natural look animal and flora Black Sea coast.

Studying the world around us, 4th grade will now be able to make their imaginary journey to the Sochi National Park and answer the questions: What interesting things can you see there? What are the national park staff doing to protect the nature of the Black Sea coast?