Ozhegov, Sergei Ivanovich. WITH

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich (1900-1964) - linguist, lexicographer, Doctor of Philology, professor.

Sergei Ozhegov was born on September 22 (9), 1900 in the village of Kamenoye (now the city of Kuvshinovo) in the Tver province in the family of a process engineer at the Kamensk paper and cardboard factory, Ivan Ivanovich Ozhegov. Sergei Ivanovich was the eldest of three brothers. On the eve of the First World War, the family moved to Petrograd, where Sergei graduated from high school. Then he entered the philological faculty of Leningrad University, but classes were soon interrupted - Ozhegov was called to the front. He took part in battles in western Russia and Ukraine. In 1922, Ozhegov graduated military service at the headquarters of the Kharkov Military District and immediately began studying at the Faculty of Linguistics and Material Culture of Leningrad University. In 1926, university teachers Viktor Vinogradov and Lev Shcherba recommended him to graduate school at the Institute of Comparative History of Literatures and Languages of the West and East.

A man is a creature opposite in gender to a woman.

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich

In 1936, Ozhegov moved to Moscow. Since 1937, he taught at Moscow universities (MIFLI, MSPI). Since 1939, Ozhegov has been a researcher at the Institute of Language and Writing, the Institute of the Russian Language, and the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

During World War II, Ozhegov did not evacuate from the capital, but remained to teach.

Founder and first head of the speech culture sector of the Institute of Russian Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1952).

One of the compilers Explanatory dictionary Russian language" edited by D. N. Ushakov (1935-1940). The author of one of the most famous and popular Russian dictionaries - the one-volume “Dictionary of the Russian Language” (1949, reprinted several times with corrections and updates, since 1992 - with the participation of N. Yu. Shvedova); Ozhegov's dictionary records modern commonly used vocabulary, demonstrates the compatibility of words and typical phraseological units. The vocabulary of Ozhegov's dictionary formed the basis of many translation dictionaries.

The main works are devoted to Russian lexicology and lexicography, the history of the Russian literary language, sociolinguistics, the culture of Russian speech, the language of individual writers (P. A. Plavilshchikov, I. A. Krylov, A. N. Ostrovsky) and others.

Editor of the “Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language” (1956, 5th ed., 1963), dictionaries-reference books “Russian literary pronunciation and stress” (1955), “Correctness of Russian speech” (1962). Founder and editor-in-chief collections “Issues of Speech Culture” (1955-1965).

In 1964, a new stereotypical edition of my one-volume Dictionary of the Russian Language was published. Now there is an Orthographic Commission formed at the Department of Literature and Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which considers issues of simplifying and improving Russian orthography. In the near future, apparently, this work will culminate in the creation of a draft of new spelling rules. In this regard, I find it inappropriate to further publish the Dictionary in a stereotypical (hereinafter italics are ours - O.N.) method. I consider it necessary to prepare a new revised edition. In addition, and this is the main thing, I propose to make a number of improvements to the Dictionary, to include new vocabulary included in recent years into the Russian language, expand phraseology, revise the definitions of words that have received new shades of meaning... strengthen the normative side of the Dictionary.

The creator of the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language", was born on September 23, 1900 in the Tver province, in the village of Kamenoye, Novotorzhsky district.

A short biography of Ozhegov for children primarily tells about the family in which the future creator of the Russian Dictionary was born and raised. Sergei's father, Ozhegov Ivan Ivanovich, worked at a local cardboard and paper factory as a process engineer. Mother, Alexandra Fedorovna, worked as a weaver and was the great-niece of the famous teacher and philologist, professor at St. Petersburg University Gerasim Petrovich Pavsky, whose “Philological Observations on the Composition of the Russian Language” was published twice during the author’s lifetime and awarded the Demidov Prize. Perhaps Ozhegov’s fate was predetermined by knowledge of such a famous relative, the pride of being related to him, and the desire to continue the work of a man who understood the structure of language more widely than his talented contemporaries.

Ozhegov: biography for children

Sergei Ozhegov in his youth was fond of football, which was just gaining popularity, was a member of the sports section, had tall, good tempering and attractive appearance.

After moving with his family to Petrograd before the outbreak of the First World War and graduating from high school, he became a student at Petrograd University in 1918, making a conscious, definite choice towards philology. Moreover, in those terrible and hungry years, one had to have great courage to devote one’s future to scientific activity.

First steps in the scientific field

Soon the classes that began were interrupted because Sergei was called to the front. Thus, fate presented him with a real manly test, which he withstood with dignity, participating in battles on the territory of Russia and Ukraine. After completing his military service in 1922, Sergei Ozhegov immediately began studying at the university at the faculty of linguistics and material culture. Ozhegov’s biography is short if we consider it from the point of view of the activities of Sergei Ivanovich, because he devoted his entire life to the study and promotion of the Russian word. All these years he has been intensively studying the history of his native literature, listening to lectures by Sergei Petrovich Obnorsky, a Russian linguist and Russian specialist, studying at the Leningrad Institute of the History of Literatures and Languages of the West and East, and participating in the seminar of Nikolai Yakovlevich Marr, a Russian orientalist. Creative development The scientist was encouraged by the scientific atmosphere that reigned in Leningrad in the 20s. Colleagues and senior colleagues taught there - B. A. Larin, L. P. Yakubinsky, B. V. Tomashevsky. The first steps in science of a young and talented scientist were supported by experienced academic professors who signed Ozhegov’s application to graduate school, where he entered in 1926.

The Russian word is the work of a lifetime

Since the end of 1920, Sergei Ozhegov, whose biography is familiar to all admirers of his work, which made a huge contribution to Russian literature, worked on the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” - a large project that was later called the Ushakov Dictionary. This was an exceptionally fruitful time for the talented philologist, who was in love with dictionary work, which his eminent colleagues helped him conduct.

Ozhegov’s biography describes his close friendship with Dmitry Ushakov - the legendary Russian scientist, original artist, exceptional teacher, lover and collector of folk antiquities, courageous wise man. The idea to publish the first explanatory dictionary Soviet period, which lacked “Sovietness,” was greatly criticized for its evasion of the tasks of the time and the philistinism present, and the unfolding campaign of 1935, in which all kinds of methods were used, had as its goal the expulsion of competent and accomplished scientists.

Work in the capital of Russian cities

Ozhegov’s biography is closely connected with the capital of Russian cities - Moscow, where he moved in 1936, very soon entered the pace of Moscow life and began teaching in higher education. educational institutions. He was fascinated not only by theoretical courses, but also by language fiction with its pronunciation standards. Ozhegov merged with Moscow, but even years later he loved to visit the city of his youth and stay with his trusted friend, the talented Leningrad philologist Boris Aleksandrovich Larin. All this time great place Sergei's life was occupied by his friendship with the brilliant Dmitry Ushakov, who was now nearby.

The fate of Sergei's two younger brothers was tragic. The youngest, Evgeniy, died of tuberculosis before the war, and the middle brother, Boris, died of hunger in besieged Leningrad.

War years

Ozhegov finished work on the dictionary before the war; in 1940, the 4th (last) volume of what became key event in the scientific field. Ozhegov, who carried out such a grandiose project, was already living with new ideas, one of which was the compilation of a one-volume explanatory dictionary. But implementation of this project pushed back by years. The reason for this was the start of the war.

Ozhegov did not evacuate with the scientific teams sent to Siberia and other Russian hinterlands. He remained in Moscow, where he continued to do what he loved, while at the same time being on night patrols, trying to somehow help his hometown in such a hard times. During this period, Sergei Ozhegov developed a course on Russian paleography, which was taught to students at the Pedagogical Institute. The organization of a linguistic scientific society that studied wartime language is a matter to which Ozhegov devoted himself during the war years. An interesting thing to remember from the biography is this: Russian philologist all wartime tried to help and helped many of his colleagues return to Moscow from evacuation; The only one who did not return to the city was Dmitry Ushakov, who could not bear the climate of Uzbekistan. His heart stopped on April 17, 1942, and the cause of death was asthma.

Personal character traits of Ozhegov

In 1947, Ozhegov enthusiastically took up his new brainchild - “The Dictionary of the Russian Language”, the first edition of which was released in 1949 and immediately attracted the attention of critics, readers and scientists. Ozhegov’s biography includes 8 reprints of the Dictionary during the scientist’s lifetime, and Sergei Ivanovich carefully reviewed each of them for errors and omissions. And today the “brainchild” of the famous Russian philologist is popular and is a kind of lexicographic standard. Ozhegov’s biography tells of this great philologist as a responsive person and always ready to help, be it any person who turned to him for clarification of a particular word, or a young aspiring specialist inspired by the ideas of Sergei Ivanovich.

Sergei Ozhegov received well-deserved praise and high appreciation for such painstaking and responsible work. Interesting biographical facts tell that the author of the Russian dictionary was awarded very impartial criticism, published by a certain N. Rodionov in the newspaper “Culture and Life”. The review was called “About one unsuccessful dictionary”, and its content corresponded to the title. Ozhegov could not tolerate such an unfair article and wrote a response to the editor-in-chief of this publication with a copy to the Pravda newspaper, presenting the would-be reviewer with a tough argument based solely on philological principles. And he defended his point of view.

Promoting his native language is Ozhegov’s life’s work

The 40s were one of the most fruitful years for Ozhegov. He worked very hard, and the projects conceived at that time were successfully implemented ten years later. One of them is the Center for the Study of Speech Culture, which Ozhegov led until the end of his days. One of his key areas was the study of native speech and its propaganda. Together with his employees, Sergei Ivanovich performed on the radio, advised announcers and theater workers; notes by a famous philologist often appeared in print, and the author himself constantly took part in literary evenings in the House of Scientists and invited such writers as K.I. Chukovsky, F.V. Gladkov, Lev Uspensky to collaborate. At the same time, under his editorship, dictionaries of pronunciation norms began to be published, which became popular and were studied even in foreign countries.

In the 1950s, the popular science series “Issues of Speech Culture” appeared in the system of the Russian Language Institute - a periodical publication inspired and organized by S. I. Ozhegov.

Biography of Ozhegov, brief and informative

Sergey Ivanovich, conducting extensive teaching activities and being a specialist high level, was not an armchair scientist and responded with alacrity to the changes taking place in the language that were included in the vocabulary of the average person. He was condescending towards the “verbal mischief” of young people, listened to their jargon, always respected talented beginning researchers, provided them with all kinds of help and moral support, which attracted people to him. Sergei Ivanovich knew how to discern individuality and personality in a person, so the young generation that rallied around him (which Chukovsky called a “mighty handful”) opened up during Sergei Ozhegov’s lifetime, proving and showing commitment to his ideas and plans.

The last years of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov’s life were marked by a hostile attitude on the part of some “bright minds” and proud attacks in his direction. Colleagues who were especially successful in the field of weaving intrigues called him a “non-scientist,” kept silent about his enormous contribution to science, and tried in every possible way to humiliate him. But this did not stop Sergei Ivanovich; Most importantly, he was honest with himself.

Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov passed away on December 15, 1964. The scientist was buried in the wall of the Novodevichy necropolis, despite his desire to rest on

Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia

Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov (September 9 (22), 1900, Kamenoye village, Tver province - December 15, 1964, Moscow) - Soviet linguist, lexicographer, Doctor of Philology, professor. Author of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, which has gone through many editions.

Sergei Ozhegov was born on September 9 (22), 1900 in the village of Kamenoye (now the city of Kuvshinovo) in the Tver province in the family of a process engineer at the Kamensk paper and cardboard factory - Ivan Ivanovich Ozhegov. Sergei Ivanovich was the eldest of three brothers. On the eve of the First World War, the family moved to St. Petersburg, where Sergei graduated from high school. Then he entered the philological faculty of Petrograd University, but classes were soon interrupted - Ozhegov was called to the front. He took part in battles in western Russia and Ukraine. In 1922, Ozhegov completed his military service at the headquarters of the Kharkov Military District and immediately began studying at the Faculty of Linguistics and Material Culture of Petrograd University. In 1926, university teachers Viktor Vinogradov and Lev Shcherba recommended him to graduate school at the Institute of Comparative History of Literatures and Languages of the West and East.

In 1936, Ozhegov moved to Moscow. Since 1937, he taught at Moscow universities (MIFLI, MSPI). Since 1939, Ozhegov has been a researcher at the Institute of Language and Writing, the Institute of Russian Language, and the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

During the Great Patriotic War Ozhegov did not evacuate from the capital, but remained to teach.

Founder and first head of the speech culture sector of the Institute of Russian Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1952).

One of the compilers of the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” edited by D. N. Ushakov (1935-1940). The author of one of the most famous and popular Russian dictionaries - the one-volume “Dictionary of the Russian Language” (1949, with corrections and updates, republished several times, since 1992 - with the participation of N. Yu. Shvedova); Ozhegov's dictionary records modern commonly used vocabulary, demonstrates the compatibility of words and typical phraseological units. The vocabulary of Ozhegov's dictionary formed the basis of many translation dictionaries.

Editor of the “Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language” (1956, 5th ed., 1963), dictionaries-reference books “Russian literary pronunciation and stress” (1955), “Correctness of Russian speech” (1962). Founder and editor-in-chief of the collections “Issues of the Culture of Speech” (1955-1965).

On the initiative of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov in 1958, the Russian Language Institute was created Help Desk Russian language, responding to requests from organizations and individuals regarding the correctness of Russian speech.

Ozhegov was a member of the Mossovet Commission on the naming of institutions and streets of Moscow, Subject commission in the Russian language of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Commission of the Academy of Sciences on streamlining the writing and pronunciation of foreign language proper and geographical names, scientific consultant of the All-Russian Theater Society, State Television and Radio of the USSR; member of the Spelling Commission of the Academy of Sciences, which prepared the “Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation.”

Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov died in Moscow on December 15, 1964. The urn with his ashes rests in the wall of the necropolis of the Novodevichy cemetery.

In the year of the 90th anniversary of the scientist’s birth (1990), together with Natalia Yulievna Shvedova, the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences elected him a laureate of the A. S. Pushkin Prize for his work “Dictionary of the Russian Language.”

Ozhegov died early and unexpectedly. In October 1964, during an operation, he was transfused with blood contaminated with the infectious hepatitis virus. An absurd accident cut short the life of a scientist in the prime of his life.

Reference:

The phrase “viral hepatitis” is translated from medical language into human language quite simply - inflammation of the liver caused by viruses. At the same time, the name of the disease “viral hepatitis” implies a very specific disease, and this state of affairs requires some clarification.

By calling the disease “viral hepatitis” and describing its various pathogens, doctors mean a very specific viral infection, in which liver damage is the main and defining sign of the disease.

Viral hepatitis. Symptoms and treatment of hepatitis
www.medicinform.net/deti/deti_pop26.htm

Viral hepatitis B

Refers to infections that are the most significant in social and economically. According to WHO, more than 1 billion people are infected with the hepatitis B virus, while more than 50 million get sick every year, and more than 2 million die! The hepatitis B virus is transmitted through contaminated blood.

The purpose of this article is to find out how the death from hepatitis of the author of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, SERGEY IVANOVICH OZHEGOV, was determined by his FULL NAME code.

Watch "Logicology - about the fate of man" in advance.

Let's look at the FULL NAME code tables. \If there is a shift in numbers and letters on your screen, adjust the image scale\.

15 23 29 33 48 51 69 75 92 96 102 112 122 125 126 140 155 158 168 192
O ZHE G O V S E R G E Y IVA N OVICH
192 177 169 163 159 144 141 123 117 100 96 90 80 70 67 66 52 37 34 24

18 24 41 45 51 61 71 74 75 89 104 107 117 141 156 164 170 174 189 192
S E R G E Y I V A N O VI C H O ZH E G O V
192 174 168 151 147 141 131 121 118 117 103 88 85 75 51 36 28 22 18 3

SERGEY IVANOVICH OZHEGOV = 192 = DEATH FROM HEPATHI\ that\.

192 = 182-VIRAL DISEASE + 10-GE\patitis\.

192 = 103-VIRAL + 89-\ 79- DISEASE + 10-HE(patitis)\.

192 = TOXICOSIS OF THE ORGANISM.

192 = 96-POISON IN THE BLOOD + 96-POISON IN THE BLOOD.

192 = 131-FROM POISON IN THE BLOOD + 61-DIY\t\.

192 = 155-LIFE IS OVER + 37-POISON.

155 - 37 = 118 = POISONING\th\.

192 = 70-LIFE + 122-\ 85-OVER + 37-POISON\.

192 = 156-INFECTING THE ORGANISM + 36-INFECTING\, ORG\anism\.

156 - 36 = 120 = VIRAL\hepatitis\.

192 = DIED FROM TOXEMIA.

192 = 164-MEDICAL ERROR + 28-INFECTION\.

164 - 28 = 136 = DEATH FROM...\ HEPATITIS\.

192 = 109-INFECTED + 83-VIRUS\ m\.

109 - 83 = 26 = HEP\atita\.

192 = 75-HEPATITIS + 117-ACUTE HEPATITIS.

117 - 75 = 42 = INFECTION\.

Reference:

Medical-center.ru›index/smsonl.html
Acute hepatitis: causes and mechanism of the disease. Most common reason acute liver damage in humans - viral hepatitis.

Let's decipher individual columns: (now we will meet for the first time the two-tier reading of the FULL NAME code).

192 = ...IRAL HEPATITIS
_____________________________
3 = B\ ir...\

75 = HEPATITIS
_________________________________________________
123 = INFECTION\ = DISASTER

102 = DEATH
____________________
96 = POISON IN THE BLOOD

71 = FROM POISON\ a...\
_________________________
131 = POISON IN THE BLOOD

131 - 71 = 60 = DIES.

51 = POISON IN K\row\
_________________________
144 = HEPATITIS VIRUS

DATE OF DEATH code: 12/15/1964. This = 15 + 12 + 19 + 64 = 110 = FROM HEPATITIS.

192 = 110-FROM HEPATITIS + 82-TOXEMI\, VIRAL\.

110 - 82 = 28 = INFECTION\.

225 = ORGAN INTOXICATION\ism\.

Full DATE OF DEATH code = 225-FIFTEENTH OF DECEMBER + 83-\19 + 64\-(YEAR OF DEATH code) = 308.

308 = 145-DIED + 163-BLOOD POISONED.

308 - 192-(FULL NAME code) = 116 = CR\ POISONED\.

Number code full YEARS LIVES = 177-SIXTY + 100-FOUR = 277.

277 = DEATH FROM BLOOD INFECTION.

277 - 192-(FULL NAME code) = 85 = DYING\e\.

Let's look at the columns in the top table:

23 = ...RE
______________________________
177 = SIXTY\four\

177 - 23 = 154 = 79 DISEASE + 75 HEPATITIS.

126 = SIXTY\yat\
______________________
67 = FIVE\th\

Probably every Russian has a huge explanatory dictionary at home, the compiler of which, Sergei Ozhegov, has long been on everyone’s lips. What kind of life should a person have for him to engage in the interpretation of various terms, categories and concepts? How did the compiled explanatory dictionary influence the Soviet education system? The answers to these questions, as well as a brief biography of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov, will be given in our article.

Youth of Ozhegova

Sergei Ivanovich was born on September 22, 1900 in the village of Kamennoye, Tver province. Sergei's parents were respected people. Father, Ivan Ivanovich, was a process engineer at the Kamensk paper mill. Mother, Alexandra Fedorovna Degozhskaya, had in her family the famous philologist and spiritual leader Gerasim Pavsky. Gerasim was an archpriest and a great connoisseur of Russian literature. One of Pavsky’s most famous works is called “Philological Observations on the Composition of the Russian Language.”

When Sergei Ozhegov was still a teenager, the First world war. Because of her, the family moved to the territory of St. Petersburg. Here Sergei graduates from high school, after which he enters Petrograd University, the Faculty of Philology. Without studying for even a year, the hero of our article goes to the front. Sergei Ivanovich, being a member of the Red Army, took part in the battles near Narva, in Riga, Pskov, Karelia, in Ukraine and in many other places.

In 1922, Ozhegov returned to his studies. The country was poorly educated, people needed to master the art of reading and writing. Continuing to study, Sergei Ivanovich begins to teach Russian.

Scientific activities

In 1926, Sergei Ivanovich completed his studies at the university. At the recommendation of his teachers, he entered graduate school at the Institute of History of Languages and Literatures at Leningrad State University - Leningrad University.

Sergei Ozhegov began an in-depth study of lexicology, the history of grammar, spelling and even phraseology. The main object of Sergei Ivanovich’s scientific research becomes Russian colloquial speech- with all its features, accents, slang and dialects.

While composing scientific works, Sergei Ozhegov simultaneously teaches at the Pedagogical Institute named after. Herzen. He began work on the famous “Explanatory Dictionary” in the late 20s.

Life during the war

The editor of the dictionary published by Ozhegov was Dmitry Ushakov. All 4 volumes published by Sergei Ivanovich entered the history of culture as “Ushakov’s Dictionaries”.

In the 30s, Ozhegov moved to Moscow, where he began teaching at the Institute of Art, Philosophy and Literature. Three years later, Sergei Ivanovich received the status of a research fellow at this institute.

During the Great Patriotic War, Ozhegov held the position of acting director at the Institute of Culture and Literature. At the same time, he developed and introduced into the program a course on Russian paleography - the science of ancient writing. Sergei Ivanovich also developed his own paleographic direction, associated with the language of wartime.

About the Russian language dictionary

Ozhegov’s main work is his famous explanatory dictionary, which contains rules for writing, pronunciation, and definitions of more than 80 thousand expressions and words. Initially, Sergei Ivanovich planned to create a small dictionary with brief descriptions basic Russian concepts and verbal categories. However, the first edition of the book, published in 1949, caused such delight in society that it was decided to expand the work.

From 1949 to 1960, the dictionary was published 8 times. The entire biography of Sergei Ozhegov is closely connected with the work on the dictionary. The Soviet scientist supplemented his work until the end of his life: he constantly made amendments, changes and improvements.

Today, the “Dictionary of the Russian Language” by linguist Sergei Ozhegov includes more than 80 thousand different expressions and words. Each new version The dictionary reflects changes in Russian vocabulary.

Russian Language Service

In 1958, Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov created the Russian Language Help Service. The organization appeared on the basis of the Russian Language Institute. Its goal was to promote literate speech. It was possible to submit requests to the service itself regarding the correct spelling individual words or expressions. All the data obtained were entered into books in the popular science series “Issues of Speech Culture,” which was published from 1955 to 1965.

Along with filling out the “Russian Language Dictionary”, Sergei Ivanovich was engaged in writing the magazine “Russian Speech”. This is a large-circulation academic publication, the first issue of which appeared only in 1967, after Ozhegov’s death. The magazine is still respected. It is used as a reference book on many issues by philologists, writers, publicists and other people who care about the fate of their native language.

Ozhegov about the Russian language

Compiled by short biography Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov, namely his contemporaries, spoke flatteringly about the scientist. According to them, Ozhegov was not an armchair researcher. He could not be called a conservative either. On the contrary, Sergei Ivanovich treated innovations in the language with understanding and even interest. He was no stranger to neologisms, borrowings from other languages, and even youth “verbal pranks.” Ozhegov only wanted to find out the origin of new phrases or words, to understand their meaning and significance.

Together with Alexander Reformatsky, the hero of our article created the famous “Card Index of Russian Mat”. It was not just a collection of obscene expressions, but research individual elements of ancient language use. It was Ozhegov who began to destroy the stereotype that swearing is an element of the Mongolian language. A lot of evidence collected by Sergei Ivanovich indicates that Russian obscene language comes from the Slavic category of the Indo-European language group.

Relations with linguists

There are many interesting facts about Sergei Ozhegov. Thus, it is known for certain that Sergei Ivanovich sometimes came into conflict with his colleagues. The reason for this is the innovative scientific style of the famous linguist, which clearly did not suit conservative Soviet scientists.

Ozhegov was loyal to all innovations and additions in the Russian language. This is precisely why he was not like other philologists, whose goal was a kind of “equalization.” Sergei Ivanovich advocated the preservation of many dialects, as well as the adoption of everything new. Soviet scientists had the opposite approach.

Received impartial criticism and main work Sergei Ivanovich - his famous explanatory dictionary. The Soviet philologist Rodionov wrote a review in the newspaper "Culture and Life" - "About one unsuccessful dictionary." Subsequently, a serious controversy broke out between Rodionov and Ozhegov, the result of which many scientists recognized the unconditional victory of Sergei Ivanovich.

Personal life

The biography of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov also contains some information about his family. It is known that the famous linguist had two brothers. Evgeniy, younger brother, died of tuberculosis before the war. Boris, the middle brother, died of hunger in besieged Leningrad.

Sergei Ivanovich married a student of the philological faculty of the pedagogical institute. The Ozhegovs had no children, and therefore it was decided to adopt Sergei Ivanovich’s five-year-old niece.

The hero of our article was friends with many famous figures culture: Lev Uspensky, Korney Chukovsky, Fedorov Gladkov and many others. Ozhegov often spoke on the radio, published notes in magazines, and even advised theater workers.

The scientist died of infectious hepatitis in 1964. The urn with Ozhegov’s ashes is kept in the necropolis of the Novodevichy cemetery.

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich (1900-1964) - linguist, lexicographer, Doctor of Philology, professor.

Sergei Ozhegov was born on September 22 (9), 1900 in the village of Kamenoye (now the city of Kuvshinovo) in the Tver province in the family of a process engineer at the Kamensk paper and cardboard factory, Ivan Ivanovich Ozhegov. Sergei Ivanovich was the eldest of three brothers. On the eve of the First World War, the family moved to Petrograd, where Sergei graduated from high school. Then he entered the philological faculty of Leningrad University, but classes were soon interrupted - Ozhegov was called to the front. He took part in battles in western Russia and Ukraine. In 1922, Ozhegov completed his military service at the headquarters of the Kharkov Military District and immediately began studying at the Faculty of Linguistics and Material Culture of Leningrad University. In 1926, university teachers Viktor Vinogradov and Lev Shcherba recommended him to graduate school at the Institute of Comparative History of Literatures and Languages of the West and East.

A man is a creature opposite in gender to a woman.

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich

In 1936, Ozhegov moved to Moscow. Since 1937, he taught at Moscow universities (MIFLI, MSPI). Since 1939, Ozhegov has been a researcher at the Institute of Language and Writing, the Institute of Russian Language, and the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

During World War II, Ozhegov did not evacuate from the capital, but remained to teach.

Founder and first head of the speech culture sector of the Institute of Russian Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1952).

In 1964, a new stereotypical edition of my one-volume Dictionary of the Russian Language was published. Now there is an Orthographic Commission formed at the Department of Literature and Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which considers issues of simplifying and improving Russian orthography. In the near future, apparently, this work will culminate in the creation of a draft of new spelling rules. In this regard, I find it inappropriate to further publish the Dictionary in a stereotypical (hereinafter italics are ours - O.N.) method. I consider it necessary to prepare a new revised edition. In addition, and this is the main thing, I propose to make a number of improvements to the Dictionary, to include new vocabulary that has entered the Russian language in recent years, to expand phraseology, to revise the definitions of words that have received new shades of meaning... to strengthen the normative side of the Dictionary .

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich

Editor of the “Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language” (1956, 5th ed., 1963), dictionaries-reference books “Russian literary pronunciation and stress” (1955), “Correctness of Russian speech” (1962). Founder and editor-in-chief of the collections “Issues of the Culture of Speech” (1955-1965).

On the initiative of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov, in 1958, a Russian Language Help Service was created at the Institute of the Russian Language, responding to requests from organizations and individuals regarding the correctness of Russian speech.

Ozhegov was a member of the Moscow City Council Commission on the naming of institutions and streets of Moscow, the Subject Commission on the Russian Language of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Academy of Sciences Commission on streamlining the writing and pronunciation of foreign proper and geographical names, scientific consultant of the All-Russian Theater Society, State Television and Radio Broadcasting; member of the Spelling Commission of the Academy of Sciences, which prepared the “Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation.”

Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov died in Moscow on December 15, 1964. The urn with his ashes rests in the wall of the necropolis of the Novodevichy cemetery.