Why did Flyagin kill Gypsy Pear? "Women's images in the story N

A person, while living his life, encounters many things on his way. different people. Each of them has their own destiny, their own problems and emotional wounds. Sometimes it happens that we play a significant role in the life of another person, and sometimes, on the contrary, others leave a deep mark on our hearts. In essence, life is permanent shift the people around us: some leave, others come, and only a few walk hand in hand with us the whole long way.
Work by N.S. Leskov “The Enchanted Wanderer” is the story of the fate of the peasant Ivan Flyagin. His life path is mysterious, often filled with mysterious events. And on his way he met many different people. One of them is the gypsy Grusha, whom our hero meets in a tavern. Who is she - one of many or the one who will remain in the memory for a long time? What role did the gypsy and the peasant play in each other’s lives? I will try to answer these questions by analyzing the episode “The Incident with Pear”.
It is not surprising that this girl attracted Flyagin’s attention: “I saw how between the black hair on her head, like silver, the parting curled and fell behind her back, so I went crazy and took away all my mind. I drink her treat, and through the glass I look into her face, and I can’t make out whether she is dark or white, and meanwhile I see how, under her thin skin, as if in a plum in the sun, the color turns red and the vein beats ... ". Flyagin perceives the girl as perfection, an ideal created by nature itself. Pear attracts his attention not only with its appearance. In my opinion, Ivan feels great inner world, her spiritual beauty. The girl agrees to his request to sing. This is the most amazing song our hero has ever heard! Pear began to sing at first roughly, courageously, but soon notes of sadness and melancholy appeared in her voice, which “simply took the soul out of the body.” He asks her to sing again and again...
Pear understands perfectly well that this simple person admires not only her appearance, but also feels her spiritual world. The girl immediately makes him stand out from the crowd.
Ivan Flyagin himself appears in this episode from an unexpected side. The tavern I came to main character, was intended for rich people, especially nobles. Flyagin, a peasant, clearly did not “fit” into this society. But the owner of the tavern, Grusha’s father, not only did not put him away from the nobles, but, on the contrary, put him in the very center, explaining that “you still don’t know how another simple person can appreciate beauty and talent.” That is, we Flyagin appears to us as a sensitive, receptive to beauty, emotional person.
But the main event in this episode is not the songs and dances of Grusha, and not the recognition of Flyagin by society. Everything is much more tragic, as tragic female soul, tormented by unrequited love. We learn that Grushenka was in love with Prince Ivan Severyanich. But his feelings were short-lived, and soon he no longer needed the gypsy girl, since the “secretary daughter Evgenia Semyonovna” of noble blood appeared in the city. Pear could not come to terms with the loss of her loved one. There was only one way out for her - not to live! In Flyagina she saw a kindred soul, felt him special treatment to her. Therefore, it is Ivan who she demands to swear that he will find the strength to kill her. She herself could not decide on this act, because she was a believer: “My more strength No, live like this and suffer, seeing his betrayal and abuse of me. If I live another day, I’ll kill him and her, and if I feel sorry for them, I’ll kill myself, then I’ll kill my darling forever! Have pity on me, my dear, my dear brother.”
At first Flyagin could not commit murder, but in the end, out of pity for Grusha, he decided to do it. Yes, of course, this act cannot be called moral. However, if you look from the other side, Ivan could not allow the girl to commit suicide and commit such a terrible sin. As a person who deeply feels the pain of others, he was ready to take this sin upon his soul.
Reading the entire work, we find many of Flyagin’s actions controversial. At the beginning of the story, he accidentally killed an innocent man, then he stole horses from the count, and in this episode he pushed a girl off a cliff. I tried to think about what I would do in these situations. Would she have passed by Grushina’s grief, dooming her to lifelong suffering? Would give false hope new love? It’s unlikely... But I wouldn’t have found the courage to push her into the river. And Flyagin did this, taking the sin on his soul, but easing the suffering of Grusha. Does this mean that the main character is kind? Or angry? No, that doesn't mean it. These questions are difficult to answer unambiguously...
This episode reveals the true colors of each of the characters, showing them in desperate situations. Flyagin made a promise to Grusha, which he could not fail to fulfill. Otherwise, Grusha’s life would turn into dishonor and suffering: “If you don’t kill me, I will become the most shameful woman in revenge for all of you.” As for Ivan Severyanych, the culprit of the girl’s tragedy, he did not take her death to heart, because he could not love as selflessly and selflessly as Grusha. And for Grusha, life without love had no meaning.

Option 1.

1. Determine the genre of the work “The Enchanted Wanderer”:

A. novel;
B. tragedy;
V. story;
G. story.

2. “The Enchanted Wanderer” is a work composed of individual episodes. How are the parts combined into a single work?

V. heroine (Pear);
G. wandering hero.

3. Determine the nature of the narrative in the work “The Enchanted Wanderer”:

A. objective - narrative;
B. memoirs;
V. fantastic, in the first person;
D. third person.

4. The main idea of the work “The Enchanted Wanderer” is as follows:

A. a Russian person can handle everything;
B. Russian people always strive for danger;

V. only in extreme situations a person reveals himself;
D. Russian people cope with all troubles alone.

5. Which character from the work can be called “the enchanted wanderer”:

A. Gypsy Grusha;
B. prince;
V. Ivan Flyagin;
G. Savakiria.

6. Which epic hero does he compare with?

A. with Alyosha Popovich;
B. with Dobrynya Nikitich;

V. with Ilya Muromets;
G. with Saveliy - the hero of Starorussky.

7. What was Ivan Severyanovich Flyagin’s name in childhood:

A. Ishmael;

B. Monomakh;

V. Golovan;

G. Cossack.

8. What reward did the main character ask for for saving the count’s family:

A. money;
B. liberation from serfdom;
V. horse;
G. accordion.

9. Why did he flee to the steppe from the city:

A. in search of adventure;
B. following his beloved;
V. was captured;
G. because of the murder of Savakirei.

10. How they kept the main character in the steppe:

A. rich gifts;
B. the most beautiful girl was given as a wife;
V. was kept in a hole in stocks;
G. “bristled” the heels.

11. How long was I. Flyagin in captivity:

B. 3 months;

12. killed the gypsy Grusha:

A. because of jealousy;
B. trying to save her from the sin of murder;
V. because of unrequited love;
G. it happened by accident.

13. How did the main character’s wanderings end:

A. returned to his homeland to his landowner;
B. started his own family;
V. became a monk;
G. is going to go to war.

Creativity test

Option 2.

1. What genre of ancient Russian literature is the story “The Enchanted Wanderer” close to?

A. Apocrypha
B. Walking
B. Life
G. Teaching

2. What is Ivan Flyagin’s middle name:

A. Larionich

B. Severyanych

V. Stepanych
G. Maksimych

3. Which epic hero does he compare with:

A. Dobrynya Nikitich
B. Ilya Muromets
V. Nikita Kozhemyaka
G. Alyosha Popovich

4. What Ivan Flyagin asked for the salvation of the count’s family:

A. Freedom
B. Money
V. Garmon
G. Horse

5. After parting with the gypsy, Flyagin started working:

A. Doctor
B. Horse breeder
V. Nanny
G. Shepherd

6. fled to the steppe:

A. Hid from Khan Dzhangar
B. In search of a new life
B. Because of the murder of Sawakirei
G. Following my beloved

7. How much time did the hero spend in the steppe:

A. Ten years
B. Three years
V. Month
G. One year

8. How Ivan Flyagin was held in the steppe:

A. Kept in stocks in a pit
B. Heels bristled
B. They gave the most beautiful girl as a wife
D. Rich gifts

9. killed Grusha:

A. Because of unrequited love
B. It happened by accident
B. So that Grusha does not return to the prince
D. To save her soul from sin - murder

10. After the murder:

A. Joined the recruits
B. Ended up in prison
V. Went to a monastery
G. Fled to the steppe

11. How did the main character’s wanderings end:

A. Started his own family
B. Took monastic vows
V. Returned to his homeland
G. Going to war

12. What does not apply to the biography of Ivan Flyagin:

A. Nanny for a master's child
B. Actor in a booth
IN. Soldier
G. Serf blacksmith

13. Which name does not belong to the main character:

A. Golovan

B. Petr Serdyukov

IN. father Ishmael
G. brother Diomede

Option 1

1. Answer B. story
2. Answer G. wandering hero
3.V.’s answer is fantastic, in the first person.
4. Answer A. Russian people can handle everything
5.Answer from V. Ivan Flyagin
6. Answer V. with Ilya Muromets
7. Answer V. Golovan
8. Answer G. accordion.
9. G.’s answer because of the murder of Savakirei
10.Answer G. The heels “bristled.”
11.Answer B. 10 years
12.Answer B. trying to save her from the sin of murder
13.Answer G. is going to go to war

Option 2

ANSWERS: 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7A, 8B, 9B, 10A, 11B, 12D, 13G

Fate... An incomprehensible force that presents us with incredibly difficult challenges throughout our lives. Find the will within yourself to overcome them or give up, succumb to temptation and float with alluring ease along the river of life - here it is, main choice, this is the basis of the human path.

Definitely the work of N.S. Leskov's "The Enchanted Wanderer" is a tale about the fate of a simple peasant Ivan Flyagin. His life path is mysterious, often filled with mysterious events and trials.

In the image of Ivan, positive and negative traits Russian national character.

Ivan Flyagin is like the heroes of epics going through various trials. Flyagin is as strong as the ancient Russian heroes, he handles horses just as skillfully, and even scolds the horse in a fairy-tale manner.

The narrator also emphasizes the portrait similarity between the peasant and the hero: “he was a hero in the full sense of the word,” as well as “typical, simple-minded, kind.” The hero, who is characterized by the “frankness of a simple soul”, is distinguished by childish innocence, and subtly senses the beauty of nature. However, at the same time, he is rather callous: he does not understand why the listeners to whom he tells about the competition to the death with the “Tatar” are horrified. Ivan’s cruelty is manifested in his “revenge” on the cat, the limitations of his consciousness are visible in his attitude towards his own children: Flyagin does not recognize them as his own because they are unbaptized. Antagonistic traits coexist in this hero: senseless cruelty - kindness reaching the point of self-sacrifice; impulsiveness, hot temper - patience; susceptibility to temptation - an intuitive sense of truth, uncompromisingness in defending it.

The author shows the process of displacing base, animal instincts from the hero’s soul with high moral values: traveling across vast Rus', Ivan Severyanych moves from his own egoism to understanding the needs of other people and the willingness to suffer for them.

One of the brightest and turning points the work became a terrible test of feeling.

The feeling of beauty given to Ivan from birth, developing, gradually ceases to be only an internal experience - it is enriched by a feeling of ardent attachment to the object of admiration. The starting point for the development of these feelings is the fatal meeting of Flyagin with the gypsy Grusha. This meeting is preceded by an extreme degree of spiritual emptiness, expressed in meaningless and wild binges, which is why the wanderer surrenders to the feeling without a trace.

The acquaintance takes place in a tavern. One cannot help but admire the skill of the writer, who painted an image that can truly be considered the most vivid and metaphorical in this story. More than once, wonderful things are said about the “beauty, nature, perfection” of a girl. But she has unusual beauty. It’s not for nothing that Leskov repeatedly compares her to a “bright snake” - dangerous, untamed, but terribly beautiful. And the eyes of that snake are speaking - alive, intoxicating: “black, burning with fire,” with long eyelashes, the flap of which is like “the movement of bird wings.” And her fingers are “like wasps, crawling and rumbling.”

It is not without reason that both animals, to which the gypsy is likened, are mortally dangerous precisely because of their bites, which in an allegorical sense are Grushenka’s delightful singing. Her voice “hurts”, “drives you crazy”, “then it’s tormenting, it just takes the soul out of the body, and then suddenly, as soon as it’s enough, in a completely different way, and it’s as if it immediately puts your heart back in again.”

She seems ideal to him externally, but her inner beauty is not hidden from Flyagin’s eyes. And this indomitable beauty takes away Ivan’s freedom and reason.

Leskovsky hero, for a long time captivated by the beauty of the horse, new horizons of beauty suddenly open up: the beauty of a woman, talent, the beauty of the human soul. The experienced charm of Grusha makes it possible for Ivan’s soul to reveal itself to the fullest. He was able to understand another person, feel another person’s suffering, and show brotherly selfless love and devotion.

But events unfold in tragic story female destiny forced to love unrequitedly. At first, the gypsy is overwhelmed by a mutual romantic feeling for the prince. But Flyagin’s love is certainly stronger and more significant. The hero's feelings are so deep, and in love itself there is so much self-denial that the superiority of this high feeling over the fussy passion of the prince becomes completely obvious. And it’s true: soon his feelings cool down - he insults and leaves the gypsy for a lady of noble birth.

And Pear is a subtle nature that is inseparable from the world around her and strives to live in harmony with it. Along with the destruction of the surrounding harmony, the destruction of her personality also occurs. Because of her experiences, Grushenka lost her former beauty, lightness of character, and turned into an possessed shadow. Her fate in some way intersects with the fate of Bela from the novel “A Hero of Our Time”.

And, abandoned by the prince, she finds only in his servant, Ivan, genuine spiritual, friendly participation. For a gypsy, dishonor is a more terrible sin than death, so she cannot live peacefully after such a betrayal, and sees a way out of her situation only in death.

Leskov emphasizes that a woman is just a toy in the hands of men, in the hands of society, relatives who sold the girl to the prince without even thinking about her future fate. What remains for her, left by everyone, alone with her jealousy and burning hatred of her rival and the awareness of her own hopelessness? Death is the only way out for the heroine, because she, due to her hot gypsy blood, cannot “calm down with humility” and “forgive for the sake of past moments of happiness.”

Therefore, having met Ivan, seeing a kindred spirit in him, she asks him: “I no longer have the strength to live like this and suffer, seeing his betrayal and abuse of me... Stab me once with a knife against the heart.”

Pear cannot decide to commit suicide. She is a Christian, so she knows that she will commit a great sin. In addition, the heroine is afraid of committing an even greater sin: “If I live another day, I’ll kill him and her, and if I feel sorry for them, I’ll kill myself... I’ll kill my darling.”

“You alone loved me, my dear dear friend,” she said to Flyagin before her death. This was not the love of a man for a woman, but the Christian love of a brother for a sister, full of selfless compassion.

Having deeply felt Grusha’s grief, Flyagin kills her in order to save her from a grave sin: suicide and the murder of the child that she carried under her heart, the murder of the treacherous prince and his young wife. Thus, he took upon himself the most terrible mortal sin. However, the death of the gypsy, one way or another, remains suicide, and Ivan Severyanovich is tormented by one thought: “The soul is now lost, and it is my duty to suffer for it and rescue it from hell.”

Let us remember the story of the “drinking priest” who prayed for the salvation of the souls of suicidal sinners. What is her connection to this story? For Ivan Severyanovich, the conviction of intercession for such unfortunate sinners as Grushenka is important. That is, Flyagin’s very first story is an eloquent sign that the hero will remember his love all his life.

But it is noteworthy that the hero could not stab the girl in the heart, and therefore pushed her off the cliff into the river. Perhaps he wanted to ease her fate by doing so. Or maybe he didn't have the guts to actually commit murder. But another version is more interesting. In Christianity, the shedding of blood is a symbol of judgment, atonement for sins. Ivan's reluctance to shed blood is an indicator of his spiritual development: if at the very beginning his young and rough soul was ready to bring justice to the cat that had offended the chicks, then in this episode his soul showed its maturity, its moral wealth. The river can act as a symbol of spiritual cleansing. River water is sacred in biblical mythology: it is used to baptize people at the first initiation, wash away sins, cleanse the body and soul, and relieve fatigue - physical and mental. The fall of Pear into the river in a symbolic sense means her spiritual healing.

The heartbreaking moment of Ivan Severyanych with the girl is a turning point in the hero’s life; it can be called the culmination of the moral layer of the story, because everything previous in Flyagin’s life was “crossed out” by this holy love, and made him a different person who builds his life according to different, moral laws . This Christian love of man for man, renounced from selfish motives, showed the hero his further path - the direct path to love, even broader and more comprehensive, love for the people, for the Motherland. The moral feat of self-sacrifice performed by Ivan for Grushenka’s sake is only the first step on the path to self-denial. Great sacrificial love for one person laid in the soul of Ivan Severyanych love for the whole world, including his people and responsibility for their fate.

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Composition

In Leskov’s works life appears before our eyes middle zone Russia. We get acquainted with the district landowners, gentlemen officers mediocre, provincial young ladies, merchants and buyers, peasants, artisans, gypsies... It was the “depth” of Russian life that attracted the writer.

Of particular interest are the female characters that Leskov draws in “The Enchanted Wanderer.” They seem to remain in the shadows (only the image of the gypsy Grushenka is clearly highlighted). But, despite this, it is the female characters of the story that reflect the morals late XIX century.

So, the first significant image that we meet in the story is the “lady”, whose child was “raised” by Ivan Flyagin. Her fate intersects with almost the entire female half of Russia: “She was forcibly married to a master in her own place... given away... by an evil stepmother... and could not love her husband in any way...”.

Here is the image of a forced woman, powerless, unable to create her own destiny. That’s why the “young lady” doesn’t even have a name in the work—it’s a typically generalized image. But this heroine tried to fight for her happiness and therefore ran away with the “repairman”. However, the husband still has a “child” for whom the poor woman’s heart yearns. Maternal instinct pushes her back to the child: “And now I see and feel how she, as if alive, is torn in half, half towards him, half towards the child.”

The main character, in the “Solomon” way, tests the truth of his mother’s love, and at the same time that of her chosen one: “Well, pull him: half of it will come off.” Naturally, no one would have allowed the girl to die, but the very fact that the repairman “gave up” says a lot.

This “lady” was lucky. Ivan Flyagin gave her his beloved child, and she remained to live and “love” with the “repairer”, her chosen betrothed. But how many women in Russia are forced to obey the will of their parents and brothers?..

Leskov was one of the first to talk about the lack of rights of the female half of Russia, because this issue could not remain closed for long.

But undoubtedly the most bright image The story is about the gypsy Grushenka. Her fate intersects with the fate of Bela from the novel “Hero of Our Time” by M. Yu. Lermontov. This is a gypsy unearthly beauty. “This is where the real beauty is, what nature calls perfection,” Flyagin says about her.

But it was beauty that ruined this heroine. The prince for whom Ivan served liked her. This man was “ardent, but changeable.” The prince bought Grushenka from the camp for a fabulous sum, but he soon grew tired of her. Grusha was uneducated, and the prince gradually became bored with her. But the girl loved him with that ardent love that is capable of anything, even murder. After some time, the prince decided to marry a woman with a rich dowry, since he himself gave all his property for Grusha, and also incurred debts. He takes the poor gypsy to the forest and hands over three “one-yard girls” under his “escort.” But Grushenka managed to escape from them by deception, “even though she was heavy.” Having met Ivan, she asked him: “I no longer have the strength to live like this and suffer, seeing his betrayal and abuse of me... Stab me once with a knife against my heart.”

Pear could not decide to commit suicide. She is a Christian, so she knows that she will commit a great sin. In addition, the heroine was afraid of committing an even greater sin: “If I live another day, I’ll kill him and her, and if I feel sorry for them, I’ll kill myself... I’ll kill my darling.” And Ivan Severyanovich pushed the girl “off the cliff into the river” and took her sin upon himself.

I think Lermontov’s Bela experienced less mental anguish than Grusha. Leskov once again emphasizes that a woman is just a toy in the hands of men, in the hands of society, relatives, friends, who sold the girl to the prince without even thinking about her future fate. What was left for her, abandoned and forgotten by everyone, alone with her jealousy, hatred of her happy rival and awareness of hopelessness? Ruin an “innocent soul?” But she still would not have returned the prince. Pear had long ago felt that she was “resentful of him.” Death is the only way out for the heroine, because she could not “calm down with humility” and “forgive for the sake of the past minutes of happiness.”

Pear is a nature that should live in harmony with the world around it. When this harmony collapses, her personality is destroyed. Because of her experiences, Grushenka lost her former beauty, lightness of character, and turned practically into a shadow, and an possessed shadow at that. This woman, tormented by grief, has no one to protect and support, but only loved one, Ivan Flyagin, she asks only for one thing - to save her from the sin of suicide.

A completely opposite type of woman is Evgenia Semyonovna. She “had a daughter with the prince, but she gained weight, and it was as if he abandoned her for this.” There was no boiling in this heroine strong feelings, she accepted her fate. “Cool blood with fresh milk,” she says about herself. This woman is not able to fight circumstances. Evgenia Semyonovna is an opportunist who tried to find positive aspects in everything.

So, we looked at three completely different types women. In my opinion, they existed and still exist, only the circumstances, the background, the environment in which they find themselves change. This is precisely why the controversial gallery of female images painted by N. S. Leskov in “The Enchanted Wanderer” is interesting.

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The story “The Enchanted Wanderer” by Nikolai Semenovich Leskov was written in 1872-1873. The work was included in the author’s cycle of legends, which was dedicated to the Russian righteous. “The Enchanted Wanderer” is distinguished by its storytelling form - Leskov imitates the oral speech of the characters, saturating it with dialectisms, colloquial words, etc.

The composition of the story consists of 20 chapters, the first of which is an exposition and a prologue, the next are a narrative about the life of the main character, written in the style of a hagiography, including a retelling of the hero’s childhood and fate, his struggle with temptations.

Main characters

Flyagin Ivan Severyanych (Golovan)– the main character of the work, a monk “in his early fifties”, a former coneser, telling the story of his life.

Grushenka- a young gypsy who loved the prince, who, at her request, was killed by Ivan Severyanych. Golovan was unrequitedly in love with her.

Other heroes

Count and Countess- the first Bayars of Flyagin from the Oryol province.

Barin from Nikolaev, for whom Flyagin served as a nanny for his little daughter.

Girl's mother, who was nursed by Flyagin and her second officer husband.

Prince- owner of a cloth factory, for whom Flyagin served as a coneser.

Evgenya Semenovna- the prince's mistress.

Chapter one

The ship's passengers "sailed along Lake Ladoga from Konevets Island to Valaam" with a stop in Korel. Among the travelers, a notable figure was a monk, a “hero-monkorizets” - a former coneser who was “an expert in horses” and had the gift of a “mad tamer.”

The companions asked why the man became a monk, to which he replied that he did a lot in his life according to his “parental promise” - “all my life I died, and there was no way I could die.”

Chapter two

“Former Coneser Ivan Severyanich, Mr. Flyagin” tells his companions in abbreviation long history of your life. The man was “born into a serfdom” and came “from the courtyard people of Count K. from the Oryol province.” His father was the coachman Severyan. Ivan’s mother died during childbirth, “because I was born with an extraordinary big head, so that’s why my name was not Ivan Flyagin, but simply Golovan.” The boy spent a lot of time with his father at the stables, where he learned to care for horses.

Over time, Ivan was “planted as a postilion” in a six-wheeler run by his father. Once, while driving a six, the hero on the road, “for fun,” spotted a monk to death. That same night, the deceased came to Golovan in a vision and said that Ivan was the mother “promised to God,” and then told him the “sign”: “you will die many times and you will never die until your real death comes, and you then you will remember your mother’s promise for you and you will go to the monks.”

After a while, when Ivan traveled with the count and countess to Voronezh, the hero saved the gentlemen from death, which earned him special favor.

Chapter Three

Golovan kept pigeons in his stable, but the countess’s cat got into the habit of hunting for birds. Once, angry, Ivan beat the animal, cutting off the cat’s tail. Having learned about what had happened, the hero was given the punishment “flogged and then out of the stable and into the English garden for the path to beat pebbles with a hammer.” Ivan, for whom this punishment was unbearable, decided to commit suicide, but the gypsy robber did not allow the man to hang himself.

Chapter Four

At the request of the gypsy, Ivan stole two horses from the master's stable and, having received some money, went to the “assessor to announce that he was a runaway.” However, the clerk wrote the hero a vacation note for the silver cross and advised him to go to Nikolaev.

In Nikolaev, a certain gentleman hired Ivan as a nanny for his little daughter. The hero turned out to be a good teacher, took care of the girl, closely monitored her health, but was very bored. One day, while walking along the estuary, they met the girl’s mother. The woman began to tearfully ask Ivan to give her her daughter. The hero refuses, but she persuades him to secretly bring the girl to the same place every day, secretly from the master.

Chapter Five

During one of the meetings on the estuary, the woman’s current husband, an officer, appears and offers a ransom for the child. The hero again refuses and a fight breaks out between the men. Suddenly an angry gentleman appears with a pistol. Ivan gives the child to his mother and runs away. The officer explains that he cannot leave Golovan with him, since he does not have a passport, and the hero will end up in the steppe.

At a fair in the steppe, Ivan witnesses how the famous steppe horse breeder Khan Dzhangar sells his best horses. Two Tatars even had a duel for the white mare - they lashed each other with whips.

Chapter Six

The last to be brought out for sale was an expensive Karak foal. Tatar Savakirei immediately came forward to arrange a duel - to fight with someone for this stallion. Ivan volunteered to act for one of the repairmen in a duel with the Tatar and, using “his cunning skill,” he “flogged” Savakirei to death. They wanted to capture Ivan for murder, but the hero managed to escape with the Asians to the steppe. There he stayed for ten years, treating people and animals. To prevent Ivan from running away, the Tatars “bristled” him - they cut off the skin on his heels and poured them there horsehair and sewed up the skin. After this, the hero could not walk for a long time, but over time he learned to walk on his ankles.

Chapter Seven

Ivan was sent to Khan Agashimola. The hero, as under the previous khan, had two Tatar wives “Natasha”, from whom he also had children. However, the man did not have parental feelings for his children, because they were unbaptized. Living with the Tatars, the man missed his homeland very much.

Chapter Eight

Ivan Severyanovich says that people came to them different religions, trying to preach to the Tatars, but they killed the “misaners”. “An Asian must be brought into the faith with fear, so that he shakes from fear, and they preach to them God of peace.” “An Asian will never respect a humble God without a threat and will beat preachers.”

Russian missionaries also came to the steppe, but did not want to ransom Golovan from the Tatars. When, after a while, one of them is killed, Ivan buries him according to Christian custom.

Chapter Nine

Once people from Khiva came to the Tatars to buy horses. To intimidate the steppe inhabitants (so that they would not kill them), the guests showed the power of their fire god - Talafa, set fire to the steppe and, until the Tatars realized what had happened, disappeared. The newcomers forgot the box in which Ivan found ordinary fireworks. Calling himself Talafa, the hero begins to scare the Tatars with fire and forces them to accept the Christian faith. In addition, Ivan found caustic earth in the box, which he used to etch away the horse bristles implanted in his heels. When his legs healed, he set off a large firework and escaped unnoticed.

Coming out to the Russians a few days later, Ivan spent only one night with them, and then moved on, since they did not want to accept a person without a passport. In Astrakhan, having started drinking heavily, the hero ends up in prison, from where he was sent to his native province. At home, the widowed, pious count gave Ivan a passport and released him “on quitrent.”

Chapter Ten

Ivan started going to fairs and giving advice ordinary people, how to choose a good horse, for which they treated him or thanked him with money. When his “fame thundered through the fairs,” the prince came to the hero with a request to reveal his secret. Ivan tried to teach him his talent, but the prince soon realized that this was a special gift and hired Ivan for three years as his coneser. From time to time the hero has “outs” - the man drank heavily, although he wanted to end it.

Chapter Eleven

One day, when the prince was away, Ivan again went to the tavern to drink. The hero was very worried, since he had the master’s money with him. In the tavern, Ivan meets a man who had a special talent - “magnetism”: he could “bring drunken passion from any other person in one minute.” Ivan asked him to get rid of his addiction. The man, hypnotizing Golovan, makes him get very drunk. Already completely drunk men are thrown out of the tavern.

Chapter Twelve

From the actions of the “magnetizer,” Ivan began to see “disgusting faces on legs,” and when the vision passed, the man left the hero alone. Golovan, not knowing where he was, decided to knock on the first house he came across.

Chapter Thirteen

The gypsies opened the doors to Ivan, and the hero found himself in yet another tavern. Golovan stares at a young gypsy, the singer Grushenka, and spends all the prince’s money on her.

Chapter fourteen

After the help of the magnetizer, Ivan no longer drank. The prince, having learned that Ivan had spent his money, was angry at first, but then calmed down and said that for “this Grusha he gave fifty thousand to the camp,” if only she would be with him. Now the gypsy lives in his house.

Chapter fifteen

The prince, arranging his own affairs, was at home less and less often with Grusha. The girl was bored and jealous, and Ivan entertained and consoled her as best he could. Everyone except Grusha knew that in the city the prince had “another love - one of the nobles, the secretary’s daughter Evgenya Semyonovna,” who had a daughter with the prince, Lyudochka.

One day Ivan came to the city and stayed with Evgenia Semyonovna, and on the same day the prince came here.

Chapter sixteen

By chance, Ivan ended up in the dressing room, where, hiding, he overheard the conversation between the prince and Evgenia Semyonovna. The prince told the woman that he wanted to buy a cloth factory and was going to get married soon. Grushenka, whom the man had completely forgotten about, plans to marry off to Ivan Severyanich.

Golovin was busy with the affairs of the factory, so he did not see Grushenka for a long time. Returning back, I learned that the prince had taken the girl somewhere.

Chapter Seventeen

On the eve of the prince's wedding, Grushenka appears (“she rushed out here to die”). The girl tells Ivan that the prince “hid him in a strong place and appointed guards to strictly guard my beauty,” but she ran away.

Chapter Eighteen

As it turned out, the prince secretly took Grushenka into the forest to a beekeeping, assigning three “young healthy single-yard girls” to the girl, who made sure that the gypsy did not run away anywhere. But somehow, playing blind man's buff with them, Grushenka managed to deceive them - and so she returned.

Ivan tries to dissuade the girl from suicide, but she assured that she would not be able to live after the prince’s wedding - she would suffer even more. The gypsy woman asked to kill her, threatening: “If you don’t kill me,” she said, “I will become the most shameful woman in revenge for all of you.” And Golovin, pushing Grushenka into the water, fulfilled her request.

Chapter nineteen

Golovin, “not understanding himself,” fled from that place. On the way, he met an old man - his family was very sad that their son was being recruited. Taking pity on the old men, Ivan joined the recruits instead of their son. Having asked to be sent to fight in the Caucasus, Golovin stayed there for 15 years. Having distinguished himself in one of the battles, Ivan responded to the colonel’s praises: “I, your honor, am not a fine fellow, but a great sinner, and neither earth nor water wants to accept me,” and told his story.

For his distinction in battle, Ivan was appointed an officer and sent to retire with the Order of St. George in St. Petersburg. His service at the address desk did not work out, so Ivan decided to become an artist. However, he was soon kicked out of the troupe because he stood up for a young actress, hitting the offender.

After this, Ivan decides to go to a monastery. Now he lives in obedience, not considering himself worthy for senior tonsure.

Chapter Twenty

At the end, the companions asked Ivan how he was doing in the monastery, and whether he had been tempted by a demon. The hero replied that he tempted him by appearing in the image of Grushenka, but he had already completely overcome it. Once Golovan hacked to death a demon who had appeared, but it turned out to be a cow, and another time, because of demons, a man knocked down all the candles near the icon. For this, Ivan was put in a cellar, where the hero discovered the gift of prophecy. On the ship, Golovan goes “to pray in Solovki to Zosima and Savvaty” in order to bow to them before his death, and then gets ready for war.

“The enchanted wanderer seemed to once again feel the influx of the broadcasting spirit and fell into quiet concentration, which none of the interlocutors allowed themselves to be interrupted by a single new question.”

Conclusion

In “The Enchanted Wanderer,” Leskov depicted a whole gallery of bright, original Russian characters, grouping images around two central themes – the theme of “wandering” and the theme of “charm.” Throughout his life, the main character of the story, Ivan Severyanych Flyagin, through his travels, tried to comprehend “perfect beauty” (the charm of life), finding it in everything - now in horses, now in the beautiful Grushenka, and in the end - in the image of the Motherland for which he is going go to fight.

With the image of Flyagin, Leskov shows the spiritual maturation of a person, his formation and understanding of the world (fascination with the world around him). The author portrayed before us a real Russian righteous man, a seer, whose “prophecies” “remain until time in the hand of one who hides his destinies from the smart and reasonable and only sometimes reveals them to babies.”