The most unknown phraseological units and their meanings. The most interesting phraseological units

Phraseologisms(from Greek phrasis + logos - expression, figure of speech) - These are stable, reproducible expressive complexes that have a holistic meaning and perform a single syntactic function. They give speech special expressiveness, emphasizing the national specificity and originality of the language. Without them, a person’s speech is colorless and often does not convey what he feels. But mastering phraseology is a difficult process, and shortcomings are encountered here very often. The basis for the formation of a phraseological unit is semantic simplification, i.e., limiting the meaning of a word that has become a component of a phraseological unit, having its own, single phraseological meaning. For example, the word eye in the four-volume Dictionary of the Russian Language it has three meanings: 1) organ of vision, 2) ability to see; vision; vision, 3) evil eye - the mysterious magical power of a look that brings misfortune. Last meaning of the word eye is idiomatic. In the proverb Too many cooks spoil the broth component without an eye(singular only) is based on the figurative meaning “supervision”, which arose in oral speech on the basis of the second meaning. Expression cry your eyes out- cry a lot and for a long time - relies on the first meaning of the word eye. The phraseological unit is based on the same meaning Tet-a-tet- alone with someone. A phraseological unit, acquiring a single meaning, receives its subject-conceptual orientation, due to which it can become a synonym for the word: Tet-a-tet− alone, beat your head− sit back.

The meaning of a phraseological unit, based on figurative phraseological meanings of its components, is often motivated differently in different languages. Thus, an adverbial phraseological unit of the Russian language Tet-a-tet has correspondence: German. uner vier Augen (literally: between the four eyes), English, face to face (face to face), fr. tete a tete (head to head). Phraseological units do not allow literal (word-by-word) translation: they require searching for a phraseological equivalent of another language, since phraseological meaning is accompanied by emotional, semantic and stylistic expression; for example, phraseology give bream colloquial, and the expression pitch darkness− bookish.

The degree of semantic simplification of the components of a phraseological unit varies; The older the phraseological unit is and the less connected it is with words of general use, the less motivated the phraseological meaning is, the more its internal form is forgotten. The classification of phraseological units is based on the degree of semantic simplification. The most famous classification is V.V. Vinogradov.

1 . Phraseological adhesions: sharpen the lasses, how to drink, on your own mind - The main feature of fusion is its semantic indivisibility, the absolute non-derivability of the meanings of the whole from its components. It represents a semantic unit, homogeneous with a word, devoid of internal form. Phraseological adjuncts are also called idioms. Idioms (phraseological units) do not allow word-by-word (literal) understanding, since one of the components has fallen out of modern word usage; This is also facilitated by a change in shape: laces(instead of balusters− balustrade posts; Wed Italian balaustro − column, baluster), just a joke− vm. tell a joke.

2. Phraseological unities: soap your neck; wash dirty linen in public; shot sparrow; you never know. Adjacent to phraseological units are sayings and proverbs, which have the form not of phrases, but of sentences: The master's work is afraid; Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.

A feature of phraseological units is their semantic two-facedness: they can be understood literally(wash dirty linen in public) and figuratively - as one semantic unit, with its own phraseological meaning “to disclose something”.

3. Phraseological combinations− this type stable combinations, in which non-free phraseological meanings of words are realized, for example − look away(from someone): Me with an effort he averted his eyes from that beautiful face. However, when management changes, phraseological unity arises look away(to someone) − to deceive: The courtesy and dexterity that he flaunted in front of the buyer who came to his shop was nothing more than a means of “averting” the buyer’s eyes, “talking his teeth” and in the meantime foisting rotten, faded goods.(G. Uspensky).

Compound names and terms. Phraseologisms are expressive means of language; they are characteristic of oral and book speech, the language of fiction. Due to these properties, compound names differ from phraseological units: they do not have an emotional-figurative meaning. Compound names are nominative means of the language, its constituent lexemes.

The directory was compiled by the editors of the Gramota.ru portal based on materials from the following publications:

Birikh A.K., Mokienko V.M., Stepanova L.I. Russian phraseology. Historical and etymological dictionary / Ed. V. M. Mokienko. – 3rd ed., rev. and additional – M., 2005.

Dushenko K.V. Dictionary of modern quotations. – 4th ed., rev. and additional – M., 2006.

Dushenko K.V. Quotes from Russian literature. Directory. M., 2005.

Kochedykov L. G. Brief dictionary foreign language phraseological units. M., 1995.

Was there a boy? - an expression of extreme doubt about something. Goes back to the phrase “was there a boy?” from the novel “The Life of Klim Samgin” by Maxim Gorky. One of the episodes of the novel tells about children skating. The children fall into the wormwood, the girl is rescued, and Klim throws the end of his belt to the boy, but then, afraid that he too will be pulled into the water, he lets go of the belt. The boy is drowning. When they are looking for the drowned man, Klim hears someone’s incredulous voice: “Was there a boy, maybe there was no boy?”

And Vaska listens and eats (iron.) - about a situation when one speaks, convinces, and the other does not listen, does not take into account the speaker and continues to do his (usually reprehensible) job. The expression is a quote from I. A. Krylov’s fable “The Cat and the Cook” (1813). In the fable, the cook reproaches the cat Vaska for stealing food from the kitchen. Vaska, listening to the cook’s reproaches, calmly continues to eat the stolen chicken.

Augean stables - 1) about a heavily polluted, cluttered, clogged place (as a result of prolonged neglect), a room where complete disorder reigns; 2) about any institution, organization, etc., where disorder and chaos reign, complete confusion in the conduct of affairs; 3) about badly neglected affairs, a disorderly accumulation of papers and documents. The origin of the turnover is associated with the ancient Greek legend about the sixth of the twelve labors of Hercules. The hero was able to clear the barnyard of King Augeas, where the bulls given to Augeas by his father were kept. This yard hasn't been cleaned for years. Hercules destroyed the wall surrounding the courtyard on both sides and diverted two waters there. deep rivers- Althea and Penea. The water carried away all the manure in one day. “Animal Farm” by Tsar Avgius, when translated into Russian, was inaccurately translated by the word stables.

But still she spins - the expression is attributed to the great Italian astronomer, physicist and mechanic Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). Brought to trial by the Inquisition for adherence to the “heretical” teaching of Copernicus on the movement of the Earth, he was forced, on his knees, to swear that he renounced heresy. As the legend goes, after his abdication, Galileo stamped his foot and said: “Eppur si muove” (“But still she turns”). This legend is based on the message of the French writer Trailh (Augustin Simon Trailh 1717-1794) in his book “Literary Feuds” (Paris 1761). The legendary phrase of Galileo, which has become popular, is used as a formula for unshakable conviction in something.

God's Advocate (obsolete ironic) - about a person who idealizes those around him, who sees in everything only the good side and turning a blind eye to shortcomings. The expression is associated with a Catholic custom that has existed since the Middle Ages: when the church decides to canonize a new saint, a dispute is arranged between two monks. One praises the deceased in every possible way - this God's lawyer, another is tasked with proving that the person being canonized has sinned a lot and is unworthy of such high rank, This - Devil's Advocate.

Devil's Advocate (book irony) - about a person who loves to curse at someone, trying to find faults in good things. This expression dates back to the Middle Ages. Latin words advocatus diaboli was a name given to a participant in a theological debate who, in the dispute, acted as an opponent of the theologian who sought to prove a certain position (for example, during the canonization of a saint). Devil's Advocate raised objections as if on behalf of the enemy of the human race. Thus, the theologian had to demonstrate the ability to conduct a discussion with the most unfriendly and well-prepared opponent. As a rule, the role devil's advocate an experienced and erudite theologian was put forward. See also the motivation for the expression God's Advocate .

Pitch hell (disapproved) – 1) a place of torment, where living conditions are unbearable; 2) unbearable noise, crowding, turmoil, confusion, chaos. Adjective pitch black derived from the word cro ma"border, edge" (cf. edge). According to ancient ideas, the sun shines up to a certain limit of the earth's circle, beyond which another, outer world begins, where complete darkness reigns. Over time the word pitch black began to mean “painful, desperate”, and absolute hell- "place of torment." Then the combination began to be associated with chaos, unimaginable noise during quarrels and squabbles.

Alpha and Omega (bookish high) – the very essence, the basis of something. The literal interpretation of the phraseological unit - “the beginning and the end of something” - goes back to a quote from the Bible: “I am alpha and omega, the beginning and the end...” (Apocalypse, 1, 8); “I am alpha and omega, first and last” (ibid., 1, 10). Phraseologism is built on the collision of antonymic components: alpha And omega– names of the first and last letters Greek alphabet. The phrase in the Russian language is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic. Now it is gradually falling out of active use, becoming obsolete and archaic.

Ani ka warrior (iron.) - about a boastful man who boasts of his courage only when he is away from danger. The expression is related to popular saying Anika the warrior sits and howls, in which the name was not chosen by chance: Greek. a – “not”, nike – “victory”. Apparently, this is why the fairy tale “about the warrior Anika” was composed, where the hero boasts that he is not afraid of Death, and when she suddenly appears in front of him, he begins to become a coward and beg for forgiveness.

Annibalova (Hannibalova) oath (bookish high) - firm determination to fight with someone or something for something to the end; a promise to consistently pursue one's ideals. An expression from ancient history. According to Polybius (c. 201–120 BC) and other historians, the Carthaginian commander Annibal (Hannibal, 247–183 BC) himself said that before setting off on a campaign, when he was ten years, his father made him swear before the altar to be an implacable enemy of Rome. Hannibal kept his oath.

Examples of phraseological units are often given when talking man wishes to highlight the richness of the Russian language. The history of many stable verbal constructions goes back centuries. They are easily used in conversation by native speakers, but cause difficulties for foreigners. What do the most popular combinations mean?

Examples of phraseological units with the word “nose”

Combinations in which this word is present, in most cases, have no relation to the organ of smell. Vivid examples phraseological turns “with a nose” prove this.

"Lead by the nose." This verbal construction, meaning “to deceive,” was added to the Russian language thanks to the inhabitants Central Asia. Foreigners did not understand why little guys were able to control camels. Children lead these animals along with a rope without encountering resistance. The submissiveness of camels is due to the fact that the rope, which is used to control them, passes through a ring located in the nose. They did the same with bulls to pacify them.

"Hang your nose." Examples of phraseological units can be continued with this original construction, implying despondency, sadness. The meaning of the phrase will become clearer if we add to it the lost end “on a fifth”. Violinists assigned this name to the highest pitched string of their musical instrument. The nose practically touches it while playing, since the violin is supported by the chin. At the same time, the musician’s head bows, his shoulders drop, creating the illusion of sadness.

Phrases containing the word "language"

The name of this organ of the human body is associated with more than one phraseological turn. Examples of such constructions can be given for a long time; among the most famous phrases is “tongue without bones.” This characteristic is used to describe a person who talks a lot without thinking about the consequences. The phrase was coined at a time when people were convinced that the tongue was devoid of bones. Consequently, the organ is capable of taking various directions, including unnecessary ones.

Continuing with examples of phraseological turns, we can recall the expression “swallowed the tongue.” This construction implies that the person speaking suddenly falls silent. The history of the phrase has not been established precisely, but it is assumed to be connected with one of the military tricks. Soldiers, when captured, literally swallowed their tongues so as not to reveal important secrets to their opponents under torture. The method was also considered as a means of suicide.

Expressions with the word "tooth"

This word contains many phraseological units of the Russian language. You can start giving examples with the popular phrase “tit for tat.” This statement means that a person who decides to commit a crime should expect appropriate punishment. For example, a knocked out tooth gives the victim the right to do the same with his own offender. The phrases “to have a tooth”, “to sharpen a tooth” have a similar meaning, which indicate deferred revenge, hidden hostility.

There are also more peaceful “dental” phraseological units. Examples and their meaning can be considered based on the expression “to know by heart.” This is what people say who are confident in their knowledge and who are fluent in the topic. The phrase found its way into the Russian language thanks to the tradition of testing coins to avoid counterfeiting. They did the same with jewelry.

“Show teeth” is a construction whose meaning is an open threat, a demonstration of hostility. The turnover appeared thanks to the animal world; predators warn in this way about an imminent attack.

Phrases containing the word "money"

Money often becomes the main word with the help of which phraseological turns are built. Examples of such expressions should start with the famous one that “money doesn’t smell.” This truth became known to people thanks to Vespasian, a ruler who reigned in Rome in ancient times. The emperor ordered his son to smell the coins, who was indignant about the new tax on latrines. The king's descendant was forced to admit that money actually has no smell.

Even the absence of the word “money” does not prevent us from associating a phraseological turn with it. Examples of sentences: “goal like a falcon”, “nothing to spare”. Ancient people believed that the soul is located in human body, taking up space in the collarbone area. It was near this site that it was previously customary to keep a wallet with money. Consequently, they say “nothing at heart”, wanting to emphasize the lack of financial resources.

Elemental Expressions

Fire, water, air - thanks to the mention of the elements, more than one bright phraseological turn of phrase was born, ingrained in the language. When people use "fire and sword" they describe a ruthless method of violence. The origin of the phrase stems from times when wars were fought with bladed weapons and arson. Often the lands of enemies were set on fire, completely destroyed.

“Wind in the head” is a description applied to a frivolous person living one day at a time. Ancient people believed that the head of a rational individual is a vessel that contains thoughts, while the head of a fool is empty, with only wind inside it.

The characteristic “will not muddy the waters” goes to a person who is credited with decency and modesty. Once upon a time, women washed clothes using river water. Benevolent housewives upstream made efforts not to pollute the river, without interfering with the work of those below. Selfish ladies dipped their dirty hands into the water without worrying about their neighbors.

Phrases about work

A person’s attitude towards work also often made it possible to invent an apt phraseological turn of phrase. It’s easy to give examples with explanations; just remember the expression “work carelessly.” This is what people say about those who are careless about their work. The history of the phrase goes back to the times when peasants in Rus' wore shirts with long sleeves. Before work, they had to be rolled up so as not to interfere.

When talking about a task that is constantly postponed, it is customary to mention the “long box”. The Russian language owes this phraseology to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who had a box for petitions from the people. The petitions were studied by the boyars, who often detained them and lost them.

“Shabby looking” is a saying that characterizes a person who wears dirty, wrinkled clothes. It appeared thanks to Peter the Great, who entrusted the management of the weaving factory to Ivan Zatrapeznikov. The products produced by the factory were inexpensive coarse fabric.

“Orphan of Kazan” is an expression that arose during the time of Ivan the Terrible. Having captured Kazan, the ruler paid generous compensation to individual residents. However, they often abused benefits, portrayed the poor, and persistently asked for rewards. As a result, the phrase began to be used in relation to those who pretend to be beggars.

Knowing the origin of phraseological units helps to better understand the history of the country.

Every person, usually without knowing it, uses several phraseological units in his speech every day. Some of them have existed in the Russian language for several centuries.

What are phraseological units, what are they features and why are they needed? We will try to answer all these questions.

Phraseologisms are stable phrases that are used to make speech expressive, dynamic, better convey emotions, etc. Phraseologisms can be found in oral speech, in fiction, they are widely used in journalism and politics. Perhaps to the least extent they are found only in official documents and special literature.

In the Russian language, phraseological units are widespread. They are necessary so that the speaker can express his attitude to what he is expressing, show his temperament and alertness of mind. From the point of view of vocabulary, the main meaning of a phrase, which is a phraseological unit, can be conveyed in one word, but without emotional connotation.

Phraseologisms surprise with their stability: it is impossible to make changes to them without destroying their meaning. Even a simple word form destroys a phraseological unit. At the same time, the process of formation of new phraseological units is constantly taking place in the language, and obsolete ones are gradually being phased out.

The main task of these phrases is to influence the imagination of the interlocutor or reader in order to make what is said more prominent, make him empathize, and feel certain emotions.

Phraseologisms become known to native speakers with early childhood. We often perceive them under other names - sayings, catchphrases, idiomatic expressions, . They were first described by M.V. Lomonosov when drawing up a plan for a Russian language dictionary. However, serious study of Russian phraseological units began only in the middle of the twentieth century.

Most phraseological units used today have distinct historical roots. Thus, the expression “give the go-ahead” goes back to signals navy Russia. In the pre-revolutionary alphabet, the letter D was called “good”. The go-ahead signal transmitted via naval signaling system, meant consent, permission. Hence the meaning of the expression “give the go-ahead” - to allow, to agree.

A considerable part of phraseological units is based on the transfer of properties of one object to another. The expression “the pot is cooking,” denoting a smart person, is based on the comparison of the head with a pot: cooking means thinking.

Often the basis of a phraseological unit is part of a well-known proverb or a stable professional term.


Philologists divide phraseological units into their own, which arose in the Russian language, and borrowed, which came through translations of foreign literature.

In the Russian language, phraseological units are found literally at every step. Examples of popular phraseological units:

- like two peas in a pod - about the striking similarity;

- just a stone's throw away - very close;

- one foot here, the other there - quickly run off on some business;

- carelessly - do the work somehow;

- to reach the handle - to lose your human appearance, to descend.

Each of us can remember many similar expressions and phrases in a few minutes - these are phraseological units.

Many phraseological units have been preserved in the Russian language since ancient times. It often happens that the reason for the formation of a phrase has long been forgotten, but the phrase itself lives on in popular speech.

Examples:

- Bosom friend - the expression was formed from the ancient phraseological unit “pour in the Adam’s apple”, i.e. drink alcohol, get drunk and denotes a person with whom you can “drink by the Adam’s apple” without fear of trouble.

- Notch on the nose - in the old days, “nose” was the name given to a wooden plate on which a worker was marked for each day he worked. Notch it on the nose - remember it firmly.

- To be lazy is to be idle. Baklushi were the name given to wooden chocks that were prepared for carving spoons by splitting them off from a birch log. This activity was considered an easy task, practically idleness.

— Chasing a long ruble means striving for easy money. IN ancient Russian state The main monetary unit was the hryvnia - a silver ingot, which was cut into pieces - rubles. The largest of these pieces was called a long ruble, and getting it meant earning more without making any effort.

- Neither two, nor one and a half - about something vague, without a clear characteristic.

— A double-edged sword is a matter or event that can have good or bad consequences.

- Seven Fridays in a week - about a capricious, eccentric, fickle person.


- The seventh water on jelly is a very distant relationship.

- Twenty-five again - about something boring, invariably repeated.

This page presents phraseological units of various kinds, everything is described in detail and laid out on shelves so that everything is convenient. Otherwise they are called phraseological units. These are phrases that, in terms of the composition of their words, do not correspond to the true words, but at the same time are consistent in meaning. Proverbs and sayings don't count :-)

As you have already noticed, they are sorted into groups. The most popular of them relate to water, body parts (nose, tongue, etc.) and bread. And also about animals and food. So, let's go.

Phraseologisms with the word “water” and related ones

Storm in a teacup – strong excitement or irritability over trifles.
Written on the water with a pitchfork– purely theoretically; that is, it is unknown what will happen next.
Carry water in a sieve- waste time in vain, idle.
Take water into your mouth- remain silent, as if your mouth was really full of water.
Output to clean water - to reveal the truth, expose, find out the true face.
Come out dry from water- go unpunished, without consequences.
Drive a wave– provoke aggression, make unnecessary noise.
Money is like water– they leak very quickly, and getting them back is not so easy.
To stay afloat– continue to develop despite difficulties and conduct business successfully.
Wait by the sea for weather- expect pleasant events that are unlikely to happen.
Life abounds– when life is full of bright events, does not stand still.
Like looking into the water– he predicted, as if he knew in advance. By analogy with fortune telling by water.
How he sank into the water- disappeared, disappeared without a trace.
Down in the mouth- about sadness, sadness.
Like water through your fingers- about what goes away quickly and unnoticed. Usually in pursuit.
As two drops of water– very similar.
How to give something to drink- very simple; definitely, definitely.
Like water off a duck's back– it doesn’t matter. Similar to phraseology - Come out dry from water.
Out of the blue- about a sharply approaching event. Unexpectedly, suddenly, out of nowhere.
Sink into oblivion- disappear forever, fall into oblivion.
Swim in gold- about very rich people.
The ice has broken- about the beginning of a business.
Pour water– show negativity, provoke.
Much water has passed under the bridge– a lot of time has passed.
Reckless- O brave man, who doesn’t care about anything.
Darker than a cloud- about excessive anger.
Muddy the waters- to confuse, confuse.
On top of the wave- be in favorable conditions.
Don't spill the water- about strong, inseparable friendship.
Pour from empty to empty
To go with the flow– act passively, submitting to the prevailing circumstances.
Underwater rocks– about any hidden danger, trick, obstacle.
After the rain on Thursday- never, or not at all soon.
Last straw- about an event in which a person’s patience is running out.
Go through fire, water and copper pipes - go through difficult tests, difficult situations.
A dime a dozen- a lot, a lot.
Don't drink water from your face– to love a person not for his appearance, but for his inner qualities.
Get it from the bottom of the sea- solve any problem without looking at any difficulties.
Hide the ends in water- hide traces of the crime.
Quieter than water, below the grass- about quiet, modest behavior.
Pound water in a mortar- engage in useless work.
Wash your hands– to evade participation or responsibility in any matter.
Clean water- about something obvious, without any doubt.

Phraseologisms with the word “nose” and other parts of the body

Mutter under your breath– grumble, speak indistinctly.
hang your nose- to become despondent, to become upset.
Lead by the nose- to deceive, to tell a lie.
Chin up!- a command not to be discouraged, not to be upset.
Turn up one's nose- to put oneself above others, to put on airs, to imagine oneself to be in charge.
Nick down- remember it completely.
Nodding off- doze off with your head bowed low.
Wrinkle your nose- reflect on a difficult task.
On the nose- about an event that should happen in the near future.
Can't see beyond your nose- limit yourself to yourself, not notice what is happening around you.
Nose to nose or Face to face– very close, on the contrary, very close.
Keep your nose to the wind– be aware of all events, make the right decision.
Stay with your nose or Leave with your nose- to do without what I was counting on.
Right under your nose- Very close.
With a gulkin nose- about a pigeon that has a small nose, that is, very little.
Poking your nose into none of your business- about excessive curiosity.
Poking your nose- that is, until you poke your nose, he won’t see it himself.
Wipe your nose– to prove one’s superiority, to defeat someone.
bury your nose- to become completely immersed in something.

Talk through your teeth- that is, speak indistinctly, barely opening your mouth.
Charm your teeth- divert attention from the essence of the conversation.
Know by heart- that is, to know deeply and firmly.
Bare your teeth or Show teeth- snap, get angry; mock.
Too tough- not possible.
Not even a kick- do nothing, know nothing.
Put your teeth on the shelf- to starve, to be bored, to lack something.
Grit your teeth- go into battle without despair. Restrain yourself without showing your weakness.

Keep your mouth shut- be silent, don’t say a word.
Long tongue- about a person who loves to talk a lot.
Bite your tongue- refrain from words.
Loosen your tongue- talk too much without refraining.
Tongue swallow- to remain silent, having no desire to speak.

Be careful– be careful to avoid an emergency.
Keep your ears on top- be careful, careful, do not trust anyone.
For the eyes and ears- about giving too much time to do something.
You can't see your ears- about an item that will never be obtained.
Blush up to your ears- be very ashamed, embarrassed.
Hang your ears– listen with excessive enthusiasm, trust everything.

Eyes popped out of my head- about sincere surprise, amazement.
Eyes lit up- to passionately want something.
Shoot with eyes- look expressively, flirtatiously at someone.
Like an eyesore- to disturb someone, to bother someone.
Pull the wool over someone's eyes- create a false, overly pleasant impression of yourself. Boast.
From point of view– about someone’s opinion, judgment on a particular topic.
Look through your fingers– look attentively at the problem, do not be picky.
Ogle- to attract attention, to suck up.

You can't put it in your mouth– about food prepared tastelessly.
Lip no fool- about a person who knows how to choose something to his taste.
Pout lips- make a dissatisfied face, be offended.
Roll out your lip- want a lot with minimal opportunities.
With your mouth open- listen attentively; be surprised.

Out of my head- about forgetfulness, inattention.
Have a head on your shoulders- be smart, quick-witted.
Puzzle over- think intensely, intensely, trying to understand something.
Fool your head- to deceive, fool, confuse.
From head to toes- completely, at full height.
Turn it upside down- to give the opposite meaning to something, to distort.
Headlong- very fast.
Hit face in the dirt- to disgrace yourself, to disgrace yourself in front of someone.

Be at hand- about something accessible, close.
Keep yourself in control- maintain composure, be restrained.
As if taken off by hand– about quickly passing pain, illness.
Bite your elbows- regret what you did, with the impossibility of going back.
Working hard- perform work diligently, without interruptions.
Hand in hand– about a joint, agreed upon deal or friendship.
Just a stone's throw– about an object that is nearby, very close.
Grab with both hands- take on any task with pleasure.
Skillful fingers- O talented person, skillfully coping with any work.

Get off on the wrong foot- wake up without a mood.
Wipe your feet (on someone)– to cause harm, to get on one’s nerves, to annoy.
Doing your feet- go, move.
Stepping on your toes- to catch up with someone or pursue someone, hanging on him.
Feet to hands- do something immediately.
The devil himself will break his leg- about disorder, chaos in business or anywhere.
Knocked off your feet- to be very tired in some activity or path.

Phraseologisms with the word “bread”

There is bread for free- do not bring any benefit.
And then the bread- about having at least something rather than nothing at all.
On your own bread– live on your own salary, without the opportunity of anyone else.
Not by bread alone– about a person who lives not only materially, but also spiritually.
Beating bread– deprive the opportunity to earn money by taking away a job.
Subsist from bread to kvass (to water)- live in poverty, starve.
Sit down on bread and water– eat the cheapest food, save on food.
Daily bread– about what is necessary for human life, his existence.
Bread and salt- a dear greeting to guests, an invitation to the table.
Meal'n'Real!– a cry about presenting vital priorities.
Don't feed me bread– about a very busy or rich person who is not hungry.

Phraseologisms on the topic of cuisine and food

Free cheese- bait that lures into a trap.
Simmer in own juice - live your life. Or help yourself without the help of others.
Not worth a damn- about something that is insignificant and not worth any costs.
Donut hole- about something empty, without any content.
To slurp jelly seven miles away- to go somewhere without special need.
Brew the porridge- create a problem, they say, you started it yourself - solve it yourself.
And you can’t lure me with a roll- about someone who cannot be forced to change his mind.
Like chickens in cabbage soup- about getting into unexpected trouble. Kur is “rooster” in Old Russian.
Like clockwork– very simple, without difficulties.
Live like a lord– about a profitable, comfortable life.
You can't cook porridge- about joint action with someone with whom there will be no benefit.
Milk rivers, jelly banks– about a fabulous, fully prosperous life.
Not at ease- feel awkward. In an uncomfortable situation.
Slurping unsalted- not getting what they expected. To no avail.
Not for any reason- analogue of phraseological unit And you can’t lure me with a roll.
Neither fish nor fowl- about an ordinary person who does not have anything bright or expressive.
Cut off slice– about a person living independently, independent of others.
Professor of sour cabbage soup- about a person talking about things about which he himself does not really know.
Easier than steamed turnips– it couldn’t be simpler, or very simple.
To fix the mess– solve complex, neglected problems.
The fish rots from the head– if the government is bad, then the subordinates will become the same.
Hot on the side- about someone or something unnecessary, optional, secondary.
Seventh water on jelly– about distant relatives who are difficult to identify.
Eat the dog- about any business with a rich amount of experience.
Grated kalach– about a person with rich life experience who does not get lost in difficult situations.
Horseradish is not sweeter than radish- about an insignificant exchange for something that is not better.
Worse than bitter radish- about something completely unbearable, intolerable.
Nonsense on vegetable oil- about something that doesn’t deserve any attention. Absurdity.
After an hour, a teaspoon– about inactive, unproductive work.

Phraseologisms with animals

Chasing two birds with one stone- trying to do two things at the same time.
To make mountains out of molehills- greatly exaggerate.
Teasing the geese- to irritate someone, to cause anger.
No brainer (Goat knows)- about something very clear, obvious.
And the wolves are fed, and the sheep are safe- about a situation in which both here and there are good.
Look for tails– look for sources for cooperation in any enterprise.
Like a cat and a dog– living together with constant swearing.
Like a chicken paw– to do something carelessly, sloppily, crookedly.
Like chicken and egg- about any item that is difficult to part with.
Like a mouse on a grain- sulk, express dissatisfaction, resentment.
When the cancer on the mountain whistles- never, or not at all soon.
Cats scratch at my soul- about sadness, in serious condition or mood.
Crocodile tears– crying for no reason, compassion for a non-existent reason.
Chickens laugh- stupid, ridiculous, absurd, funny.
Chickens don't peck- O large quantities some person's money.
The lion's share- a big advantage in favor of something. The biggest part.
Martyshkin's work- a useless process of work, wasted effort.
The bear stepped on my ear– about a person without an ear for music.
Bearish angle- a provincial, remote, deaf place. Far from civilization.
Disservice- help that brings more evil than good.
Cast pearls before swine- to conduct intelligent conversations in front of fools who have little understanding.
You can't get there on a crooked goat- about a person who is difficult to approach.
On a bird's license– not to care about something legal grounds, provisions.
Not for horse feed (oats)– about efforts that do not produce the expected results.
Don't sew the mare's tail– completely unnecessary, out of place.
I'll show you where crayfish spend the winter- prediction of revenge, undesirable position.
Let the red rooster go- commit arson, start a fire.
Bird's-eye– from a great height, giving an overview of a large space.
Put the pig down- to do a mischief, to do something unpleasant.
Watch the ram at the new gate- to look at something with a stupid expression.
Dog cold– severe cold causing discomfort.
Counting crows- yawn, be inattentive to something.
A dark horse- an incomprehensible, little-known person.
Pull the cat's tail- delay the matter, work very slowly.
Kill two birds with one stone- solve two problems at the same time.
Even a wolf howls– about any situation without the possibility of changing it for the better.
The black cat ran- break friendly relations, quarrel.

Phraseologisms with objects, other phraseological units

Lost hour- for a long time.
Beat your head- do simple, not so important things.
Abandon to fate– leave somewhere without helping or showing interest.
Put a spoke in wheel- to interfere, to deliberately disturb someone.
go around the mountain- to accomplish some great deed.
Keep in line- treat someone strictly, for the good of your will.
Keep your pocket wider– about too high and unrealistic hopes and expectations.
From dirt to Kings- suddenly and dramatically achieve amazing success.
Out of the ordinary– different from everything ordinary, special.
Reinvent the wheel– try to make something from an already proven, reliable means.
From time immemorial- a long time ago, a very long time ago.
A stone has fallen from my soul (from my heart)- a feeling of relief when getting rid of something oppressive.
Oil painting- everything came together well and beautifully.
Roll a barrel- behave aggressively towards someone.
Mom don't worry- about something extraordinary, going beyond the ordinary understanding of things.
Exchange an awl for soap It’s a pointless thing to exchange one useless thing for another.
Cover yourself with a copper basin- suddenly and abruptly disappear, deteriorate; die.
Found a scythe on a stone– faced with an irreconcilable contradiction of opinions and interests.
Does not burn– not so important, not urgent.
Not far away– nearby, not too distant in time or space.
Don't worry about it- not simple, not stupid.
It is too expensive– about the discrepancy between someone’s income and financial capabilities.
From our table to yours– transfer of any property to another person.
Put on the back burner- quit something for an indefinite period of time.
Go too far- to be overly zealous in something.
The song is sung- the end has come for someone or something.
On the shoulder- about the ability to cope with something.
Essentially– naturally, of course.
Add fuel to the fire– deliberately aggravate the conflict, provoke.
The train left- time has passed to do something.
One, two - and I miscalculated- about something in small quantities that is easy to count.
Born in a shirt- about a very lucky man who miraculously escaped tragedy.
Make ends meet- have difficulty coping with financial difficulties.
Move a mountain- a lot to do.
Sit on pins and needles- to be impatient, waiting, wanting to achieve something.
At least henna– about the indifference of a person who doesn’t care about someone else’s misfortune.