Spelling words with two nn. How to learn to write n and nn correctly once and for all

It is written -NN-:

In participles:

In adjectives:

if the stem of the word ends in -N- (Н + suffix Н = НН)	foggy + N = foggy PICTURE + N = picture
if the word is formed using suffixes Onn-, -enn-	straw + enn = straw station + onn = station
in three words that are an exception:
In verbal adjectives ending in -ovanny, -evanny (exceptions: forged, chewed. BUT! Forged (with what?) copper chest, Chewed (perfect form)	PICTURED, carbonated, stuffed
In some verbal adjectives formed from unprefixed imperfective verbs (you need to remember them):	seen, given, desired, unseen, unknown, minted, unexpected, unheard, unexpected, pecked, sacred, promised, desperate, deprived, counted

Exception:

Adjective windy spelled with one -N-.

BUT! Windless.

It is written -N-:

In participles:

In adjectives:

Rules	Examples	Exceptions
if adjectives are formed without a suffix	YOUNG, SPICY
in relative adjectives formed using suffixes -an-, -yan-	leather+an = leather wool + yang = wool	TIN, WOODEN, GLASS
In possessive adjectives formed using a suffix -in-	swan+in = swan eagle+in = eagle
In adjectives formed from unprefixed imperfective verbs with suffixes -n-, -en- and not having dependent words	loaded (wagons) knitted (jacket) fried (potatoes)	desired sacred Unguessed unheard of
Exceptionally windy (BUT! windless)	windy (BUT! windless)
In an adjective oil, i.e. “consisting of oil”, “made in oil”, “powered by oil”	oil

IN short adjectives, in nouns and adverbs as many N are written as in full form the adjective from which they are derived:

Cloudy morning - cloudy morning, it was cloudy.

The speech is long - the speech is long, the speech is long, the original.

Modern language - she is modern, contemporary, dress modern.

Spelling: Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech (nouns, adjectives, participles, adverbs).

1. Two letters H written: 1) in adjectives formed using the suffix -n- from nouns with a stem on n(sleep - sleepy); 2) in adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -onn-, -enn-(station). Exception: windy.

2. One letter N written: 1) in the suffix -in-(goose); 2) in the suffix -en- (-yang-) adjectives formed from nouns (leather). Exceptions: tin, wood, glass.

3. B short adjectives the same number of letters is written n, so much in full. Tumanna (foggy).

4. Two letters N are written in suffixes of full participles and adjectives formed from verbs: 1) if they contain a prefix, except Not-; 2) if they include dependent words; 3) if the word has a suffix -ova-(-Eve-); 4) if the word is formed from an unprefixed perfective verb, except wounded. Dried, galvanized, stripped (from deprived - verb. Sov. v.), measured with a ruler

5. One letter N written in suffixes: 1) short passive participles; 2) prefixless adjectives formed from imperfective verbs, and also without a dependent word (confused answer). Exceptions; slow, desired, sacred, unexpected, unseen, unheard, unexpected.

6. In adverbs on -O (-e) is written the same amount n, how many are in the adjectives from which they are derived. Ordinary (ordinary).

Table “Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech”

Lesson summary “Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech.”

Spelling participles includes several types of rules:

1) spelling of endings of participles;
2) spelling of vowels in participle suffixes;
3) spelling nn and n in participles (and in verbal adjectives).

Since the spelling of NN and N in verbal adjectives is similar to the spelling of NN and N in participles, these rules are discussed in one paragraph. For the same reason, this paragraph also discusses the rules for spelling nn and n in nouns and adverbs formed from participles and verbal adjectives.

1. Spelling of participle endings:

Participles have the same endings as adjectives. Therefore, the spelling of vowels at the endings of participles, like adjectives, is checked by questions.

Wed: V[which ?] stormy sea; V[which?] stormy sea; With[what?] stormy sea.

2. Spelling of vowels in participle suffixes:

A) present time depends on the conjugation of the verb from which the participle is formed:

V active participles present tense: -ush-(-yush-) - I conjugation; -ash-(-box-) - II conjugation. These vowels coincide with the vowels of the personal endings of cognate verbs in the 3rd person plural form;

Wed: I decide t(I reference) - decisive; building t(II reference) - building.

Pay attention!

In a word future(by origin - participle) the suffix -yush- is added to the stem will-, therefore you should not write an extra vowel yu (!) before the suffix.

V passive participles present tense: -om-(-em-) - I conjugation; -im- - II conjugation. These vowels coincide with the vowels of the personal endings of cognate verbs in the 3rd person singular form.

Wed: decide t(I reference) - solvable; build t(II reference) - under construction.

b) spelling vowels in participles past tense depends not on the conjugation, but on the final vowel of the infinitive (past tense) of the verb from which the participle is formed:

V active participles;

Glue - glued, melted - melted.

V passive participles before the suffix -nn- (-n-) are written:

vowels a, i, e, if the stem of the verb ends in a, i, e;

hang - hung; sow - sown, see - seen.

vowels e, е, if the stem of the verb ends in i ( verb suffix-and- is truncated) or to a consonant.

Wed: hang - hanged; build - built, sweep - swept, shoot - shot.

3. Spelling n and nn in full participles and full verbal adjectives:

A) N is written in full participles and verbal adjectives:

if they do not have prefixes, dependent words, combinations of suffixes -ovanne-, -evann- and if they are formed from an imperfective verb;

Color[what to do?] - painted floor; mow[what to do?] - mown meadow, write[what to do?] - painted portrait.

in phraseological units: ;

in a substantivized verbal adjective: dowry (of the bride).

b) NN is written in full participles and verbal adjectives:

if there is a prefix (except non- ).
From mowing - from a mown meadow, from writing - from a painted portrait.

The prefix ne- does not affect the spelling of n and nn;

Wed: unmown meadow - unmown clover; unpainted floor - unpainted floor.
if there is a dependent word;
Cochin[When?] last friday meadow; painted[When?] last friday floor; written[how?] oil paints portrait.

if the participle and verbal adjective are formed from a perfect verb (regardless of whether there are prefixes and dependent words);

Wed: decide[what to do?] - solved problem; quit[what to do?] - abandoned mine.

if participles and verbal adjectives end in -ovanny, -ovanny, and -ova-, -eva- are part of the verbal suffix.

Wed: pamper - spoiled, arrest - arrested, uproot - uprooted.

Exceptions: forged, chewed(-ov- is part of the root: cow-, chew-);

V exceptions(in some prefixless verbal adjectives or adjectives with the prefix non-): given, done, slow, sacred, desired, cutesy, arrogant, chased, pecked, desperate, cursed, unprecedented, unheard of, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, awake.

Pay attention!

1) When forming a participle (verbal adjective) from a two-type verb to wound without a prefix and a dependent word, as a general rule, one letter n is written; if there is a prefix or dependent word - nn.

Wed: wounded soldier - a wounded soldier, a soldier wounded in the arm.

2) IN difficult words, where the second part is a verbal adjective, the general rules apply. The presence of the first root does not matter: if there is no prefix before the second root, then one letter n is written, if there is a prefix before the second root, then nn is written.

Wed: freeze - freshly frozen fish; freeze - freshly frozen fish.

3) The words forged and chewed obey general rules spelling n and nn: without a prefix or dependent word, one n is written, with a prefix or dependent words - nn.

Wed: forged chest, shod horse, shod on all four legs horse.

4) Do not confuse the main word for the participle (verbal adjective) and the words dependent on the participle (adjective)! The main thing for a participle (adjective) is the word from which the question is asked to this participle: horse[which?] forged; horse[which?] savvy. The presence or absence of the main word does not affect the spelling of n and nn! For the dependent word, the participle is already the main one and it is from the participle that the question is asked: horse, shod[by whom?] a blacksmith. The presence or absence of a dependent word at the participle affects the spelling of n and nn!

5) One letter n is written in combinations imprisoned father, named brother only if they are phraseological units. Outside of such combinations of participles with prefixes, planted, named are written with two letters n.

Wed: It was planted by my father at my wedding. - The father, seated to the left of the groom, was gloomy; You will be called my brother. - Sergei, named after his grandfather, was proud of this.

6) The spelling n and n in participles and verbal adjectives, unlike adjectives formed from nouns, does not depend on the front vowel n, cf.:

adjectives formed from nouns: silver - solemn;

verbal adjectives and participles: written - written, wounded - wounded.

7) For memorization words that contain one letter n, you can use the following sentence:

On a windy day at Maslenitsa, in a cozy living room, the sedentary father introduced his named brother to a smart girl, a hard worker, a real beauty with a large dowry.

4. Spelling n and nn in short participles and adjectives:

A) in brief participles one letter n is always written;

Wed: tied knot - the knot is tied; styled hair - hair is styled.

b) in brief adjectives The same number of letters n are written as in the full forms.

Wed: valuable thing - a thing is valuable; green crops - green crops.

Pay attention!

In order to differentiate between a short participle and an adjective, the following must be taken into account:

1) If the short form is not formed from a verb, then it is, of course, a short adjective (and it will contain as much as in the full form):

sultry - sultry; worthy - worthy; valuable - valuable.

2) The short verbal form can be either a short participle or a short adjective.

A) The short verbal form would be communion(and it will contain one letter n) if:

this form has a dependent word in the instrumental case:
the house was built by workers; the tour is organized by a well-known company; the child is spoiled by his parents;
this form has a dependent infinitive, a dependent adverbial adverbial (except for the adverbial adverbial measure and degree):
she intends to go to university; she's well-mannered[Where?] in the monastery;
a combination with a participle can be paraphrased using a verb.
Wed: the child is scared - the child was scared; she was raised in a monastery - she was raised in a monastery;

b) the short verbal form would be adjective(and it will contain the same number of letters n as in the full form), if it has a qualitative meaning, it gives a constant (qualitative) characteristic of a person or an inanimate object.

Wed: children are capricious and spoiled(this is their constant quality); the girl is modest and well-mannered (this is her constant quality).

5. Spelling n and nn in nouns and adverbs starting with -o, formed from participles and verbal adjectives:

A) in nouns and adverbs starting with -o, formed from participles and verbal adjectives, as many letters n are written as there are in full participles and verbal adjectives, cf.:

ONE letter N: confused y → confused ik, confused about; boiled → boiled ik; smoked → smoked awn; ice cream y → ice cream oe; martyred → martyred; scientist → scientist, scientist;

TWO letters H: given → given ic; dowry → dowerless; chosen → chosen one, chosen one; recessed → recessed; sacred → sacred; done → done about;

b) should remember noun spelling: toiler, dowry - dowryless, assigned.

The topic of the Russian language “Spelling “n” and “nn” in adjectives” is familiar to every schoolchild. However, after graduating from a general education institution, many people begin to forget the most simple rules and commit large number errors while creating any text. In this regard, we decided to remind you of the cases in which the suffixes “n” and “nn” are written in adjectives. You will also be presented with some exceptions to the current rules. They should be remembered.

Definition of part of speech

They call the nominative, which denotes a non-procedural attribute of an object, and also acts in a sentence as a definition or a nominal part of the predicate and answers the following questions: “which?”, “which?”, “which?”, and also “whose?” and “which ones?”

General information

“Spelling “n” and “nn” in adjectives” is very important topic in Russian. After all, without knowledge of such simple rules, it is quite difficult to compose a competent text or even a letter.

It should be especially noted that adjectives can be formed both from nouns and from verbs. Knowing these basics will allow you to better understand how many “n”s you need to write in a given case.

Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives derived from nouns

So, let's figure out together in what cases you should use -nn-:

Which adjectives that come from nouns are spelled "n"?

Now you know in what cases the suffixes -NN- are written in adjectives (-ONN-, -ENN-, etc.) if they are formed from nouns. However, this is not enough to compose the text correctly. In this regard, it is necessary to consider the spelling rules of the suffixes -in-, -yan- and -an-:

In adjectives that are derived from nouns using the above suffixes, only 1 letter “n” is always written. Let's give an example: leather (leather), sparrow (sparrow), clay (clay), pigeon (dove), wax (wax), crane (crane), wood (firewood), nightingale (nightingale), etc. However, all rules have your exceptions. In this case, the words are “glass”, “wooden” and “tin”. They contain 2 letters “nn”, and you should definitely remember them.
In adjectives that are formed without using any suffixes. Let's give an example: green (green). You also need to remember the following words: spicy, rosy, porky, young and united.

How many "n"s are there in adjective names that come from adjectives?

2 letters “n” are written if adjective names are formed from adjectives by adding the suffix -enn-, which indicates a greater measure of any attribute. Let's give an example: hefty, tall or wide.

Important notes regarding the rules described

The spelling of “n” and “nn” in adjectives also has the following features:

Spelling "nn" in adjectives and participles derived from verbs

So, 2 letters “n” should be written if:

Adjectives are formed from verbs with prefixes. Moreover, the prefix “non” almost never affects the spelling of “n” or “nn”. Thus, in an adjective with you should not write as many letters “n” as in an adjective without this prefix. Let's give an example: (tied, beveled, built).
If there are suffixes such as -eva- or -ova-. Let's give an example: an organized excursion, an uprooted forest, etc.). The following words are exceptions: chewed And forged. In this case, ov- and ev- are part of the root, and are not suffixes.
If the sentence contains any dependent word (for example, wicker).
If the adjective is formed from a verb that has a perfect form (for example, solved). The exception is the word “wounded”.

Spelling "n" in adjectives derived from verbs

One letter "n" is written in adjectives that are derived from verbs without the use of prefixes. Let's give an example: uncut, knitted. The exceptions are the following words: sacred, slow, unprecedented, unexpected, desired, unheard, unexpected and unexpected.

Letters "n", "nn" in short adjectives

In addition to the full names of adjectives, the Russian language also has short forms. To understand how “n” and “nn” are written in short adjectives, you should remember the rules about full ones. After all, they are the same for both forms.

Here's an example:

Important notes on the material covered

To finally understand how to write adjectives (with “n” or “nn”), you need to consider the following features:

1. Usually the suffixes -yan- and -an- give the meaning “intended for something” or “made of a certain material.” For example: wood, clothes; sandy, clay.

2. To compose a text correctly, you should distinguish between adjectives whose spelling is related to their meaning.

Windy, that is, “with the wind” (windy weather). Wind powered, that is, “powered by the power of the wind” (wind pump). In the phrase “chicken pox” the adjective name is written with 1 letter “n”. This is due to the fact that given word comes from "chickenpox".

Buttered, that is, “soaked in oil” (butter porridge). Oily, that is, “flattering” (oily voice). Butter, that is, “diluted in butter” (butter cookies).

Silver, that is, “subjected to silvering” (silver device). Silver, that is, “made of silver” (silver bottle).

Salty, that is, “containing salt” (salted fish). Solyanoy, that is, “consisting of salt” (salt column).

Often provokes many mistakes, although remember the basic rules of spelling single and double n in suffixes it's not that difficult. Let's look at each of them.

Spelling -н- and -нн- in participles and verbal adjectives.

In participles and verbal adjectives -n- is written in the following cases:

In short participles: the rules are learned, the technique is tested, the field is abandoned.
When participles or verbal adjectives are formed from unprefixed imperfective verbs: puff pastry, fried meat.
Exceptions!
Seen, unseen, seen, unseen, made (sight), desired, slow, unexpected, unexpected, unheard, unexpected, sacred.
These words need to be remembered.

-nn- is written in participles and verbal adjectives in the following cases:

If there is a prefix (except non-): baked pie, read a book.
If the word is formed from an unprefixed perfective verb: deprived. An exception to this rule is "wounded".
If for communion or verbal adjective dependent word refers: pies baked in the oven.
If words are formed using suffixes -ovanna-, -yovan-: roared, organized. Exceptions: chewed, pecked, forged.
If we have an adjective that is formed from a verb with a prefix: desperate, second-hand, shabby, confused, desperate. Exceptions: smart, named (father), dowry (noun), planted (mother).

Spelling -n- and -nn- in adverbs.

In adverbs -n- And -nn- is written in the same cases as in the adjectives from which it is formed:

Tricky - tricky; excited - excitedly.

Spelling -n- and -nn- in adjectives.

In adjectives -n- is written in the following cases:

If the adjective is formed without a suffix: spicy, young.
In possessive adjectives that were formed using the suffix -in-: eagle, swan, ant.
In relative adjectives that were formed using suffixes -an-, -yan-: woolen, leather.Exceptions make up adjectives glass, wood, tin.
In adjectives oil And windy (BUT! Windless).

-nn- is written in adjectives in the following cases:

If the stem of the noun from which the adjective is formed ends in -n: foggy+ny.
If the adjective is formed using suffixes -onn-, -enn-: straw, traditional, station.
In the above words-exceptions: windless, glass, tin, wood.