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The northern part of Algeria, adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea, is characterized by a subtropical climate. The average annual temperature is +16 C°. Winter temperatures range from +5 C° to +12 C°, summer temperatures range from + 23 C° to +25 C°. The level of precipitation ranges from 300 mm in the mountains to 1200 mm on the coast.

In the central and southern parts of the country, located in the Sahara Desert, the climate is hot and arid. The difference between day and night temperatures often exceeds 30 C°, and the level of precipitation rarely reaches 50 mm. These areas are also characterized by frequent dust storms and winds.

Weather in Algerian cities now

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Algeria is located in northern Africa. One of the largest countries on the continent. The total area of ​​the country is 2,381,740 km2. The length of the coastline is 998 km.

One of the largest and developed countries Africa, located in the north of the continent. The country's territory occupies the central part of the Atlas mountain system and the north of the Sahara Desert. The relief of northern Algeria is represented by two main ridges - the Coastal (or Tel Atlas) and the Saharan Atlas and intermontane plains. The highest point is Mount Takhat (3003 m) in the Ahaggar highlands. The territory of the Sahara is occupied by rocky deserts - hamads and sandy ones - ergs. The river network is poorly developed (the main river is Shelif), most of the rivers regularly dry up. It borders with Morocco in the west, with Tunisia and Libya in the east, with Niger, Mali, Mauritania in the south. From the north it is washed by waters Mediterranean Sea. Algeria belongs to the countries of the Maghreb ("Arab West"). The total area of ​​Algeria is 2381.7 thousand square meters. km.

Nature of Algeria

The Tell Atlas mountain range running in the north along the coast is cut through by a few bays and plains. The lowlands around the cities of Algiers and Oran are densely populated. Small bays are used for fishing, export iron ore and oil. Tell Atlas rises more than 1830 m above sea level and includes the Tlemcen, Greater and Lesser Kabylia and Mejerda massifs.

At mid-altitudes there are Mediterranean-type shrubs and cork oak forests. At higher elevations, cedar and pine forests once grew, but as a result of deforestation, fires and livestock grazing, many mountainous areas have turned into shrub-covered wasteland. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and warm, rainy winters. In winter, snow covers only the highest peaks. The range of average annual precipitation amounts is from 760 mm on the coast to 1270 mm on the seaward slopes of Tell Atlas and less than 640 mm on its internal slopes.

Southern part Tell Atlas is a high plateau average height 1070 m. This area is characterized by semi-arid climatic conditions with an annual precipitation of 250–510 mm. In more humid areas, cereals and alpha grass (esparto) are cultivated, the fibers of which are used to make ropes, fabrics and high-quality paper. Salt lakes (called chotts) and salt marshes occur at lower elevations with a dry climate. Located even further south, the Saharan Atlas rises to a height of 150 m above the plateau level and then descends towards the Sahara by more than 300 m. The most elevated part of the Saharan Atlas is mountain systems Ksur, Amur and Ouled-Nail. The annual rainfall on the northern slopes is approx. 510 mm, in the south - 200 mm. Thanks to its abundant grass cover, the Saharan Atlas serves as a convenient grazing area for livestock.

Statistical indicators of Algeria
(as of 2012)

The rest of the country is occupied by the Sahara Desert. The average altitude in the Sahara is approx. 460 m. In the area of ​​the Ahaggar (Hoggar) massif near the southern border of Algeria there is the highest peak of the country, Mount Takhat - 2908 m. Most of the Sahara is occupied by gravelly and pebble deserts (hamads and regis), and approximately 1/4 of the sandy deserts(ergi). The day is hot, sometimes the temperature reaches 35°, but the nights are cool. Precipitation is extremely rare. In oases, under conditions of constant irrigation, the date palm grows. In Algeria, only a few rivers have a constant flow; the rest are fed by precipitation. Sources of water supply are wells dug in dry river beds (wadis), in many places underground water is used, coming to the surface through artesian wells and foggara - horizontal tunnels dug at a slight slope.

Geological structure of Algeria

In the territory of Algeria there are different geological structure and metallogenies of the region - Saharan (part of the ancient African platform) and Atlas (sector of the Mediterranean geosynclinal belt), separated by the South Atlas fault. In the south of the Sahara region, the Ahaggar (Hoggar) shield stands out, in the southwest - El-Eghlab (Regibat). They are composed of Archean crystalline rocks, metamorphosed volcanic-clastic and carbonate deposits of the Lower Proterozoic and Riphean-Vendian; In Ahaggar, geosynclinal-orogenic volcanic-sedimentary deposits and Taurirt granites (650-500 million years) are also widely developed. The platform cover is formed by marine terrigenous-carbonate sediments of the Riphean-Vendian (especially in the Regibat massif), lagoonal-continental and marine sediments of the Paleozoic (thickness 1.2-3.8 km), sandstones and evaporites of the Triassic, clays and sandstones of the Jurassic - Neogene.

In the cover of the Sahara Plate there are syneclises (Tindouf, Western and Eastern Sahara), separated by uplifts, and the Ugarta zone, which is an aulacogen, the folding of which appeared at the end of the Carboniferous. Riphean-Vendian volcanics and granites are associated with deposits of uranium, tin, tungsten, rare metals and gold ores in Ahaggar. In the Tindouf syneclise, among the Paleozoic clay-sand deposits of the platform cover, the largest iron ore deposits are localized, and in the south of Ahaggar there are promising uranium deposits. Anticlines in the sediments of the cover on the northern plunging of Ahaggar contain unique deposits of oil (Hassi-Mesaoud) and gas (Hassi-Rmel).

In the folded Atlas region, evaporites, gypsum-salt-bearing clays and red clastic rocks of the Triassic are developed, overlain by marine terrigenous-carbonate sediments and carbonate-terrigenous flysch (Jurassic, Cretaceous, Paleogene). In the north, the Neogene is represented by marine volcanic-sedimentary, clayey-carbonate sediments, in the south - by continental sediments.

In Tel Atlas, folded rocks of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic (up to and including the Middle Miocene) form a series of tectonic nappes (nappes) moving from north to south. In the coastal zone, andesites and granitoids of the Neogene are insignificantly developed, in the massifs of Greater and Lesser Kabylia - Precambrian metamorphic rocks and Paleozoic shales, which protrude to the surface. To the south of Tel Atlas there is a platform block of the High Plateaus (Oran Meseta), where the folded Hercynian basement is covered by a thin, slightly deformed Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover. In the handfuls, terrigenous and volcanic-shale rocks of the Paleozoic are exposed, crushed and intruded by Hercynian granitoids. South of the High Plateaus there is a moderately folded zone of the Saharan Atlas, formed at the site of the Mesozoic trough. In general, the Atlas region is dominated by near-latitudinal folds and faults of eastern and northeastern (or “Atlas”) strike, as well as submeridional “Red Sea” faults superimposed in the northern part of Algeria on the Tel Atlas overhangs. Longitudinal and transverse faults determine the placement of volcanics, evaporite diapirs and the most important ore-bearing zones with deposits of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in the Atlas region. In Northern Algeria, deposits of ores of iron, zinc, lead, copper, antimony, mercury and various types non-metallic raw materials.

The territory of Algeria is characterized by high seismicity, which is associated with movement along faults and ridges in various zones of Northern Algeria. The most seismic is Tel Atlas (6-7 points), within its boundaries - coastal zones(Tenès-Cherchel, Oran-Mostaganem and Chelif).

Minerals of Algeria

Oil fields have been discovered and explored in Algeria, natural gas, coal, uranium ores, iron, manganese, copper, lead, zinc, mercury, antimony, gold, tin, tungsten, as well as phosphorites, barite, etc.

Algeria ranks third in Africa in terms of oil reserves. On the territory of Algeria, 183 oil and gas fields are known, confined to the Algerian-Libyan oil and gas basin; Most of the deposits are located in the northeast of the Sahara region. The largest oil field, Hassi Mesaoud, is localized in Cambrian-Ordovician sandstones. The fields of Zarzaitin, Hassi-Tuil, Hassi-el-Agreb, Tin-Foue, Gourd-el-Bagel, etc. have significant reserves. Algeria ranks first in Africa in terms of gas reserves. The largest gas field, Hassi-Rmel, lies in Triassic sandstones; significant gas reserves have been explored in the Gurd-Hyc, Nezla, Oued-Numer and other fields.

Coal reserves are insignificant; its deposits (Kenadza, Abadla, Mezarif) are concentrated in the Upper Carboniferous sediments in the Beshar basin. The coals are fatty, caking, medium ash (8-20%), contain 20-35% volatile impurities and 2-3.5% sulfur.

Algeria ranks 4th in Africa in terms of uranium ore reserves. Hydrothermal vein deposits of uranium ores Timgauin, Tinef and Abankor have been explored in Ahaggar (proven reserves 12 thousand tons, U3O8 content 20%); in the south of the shield, uranium occurrences are known in Paleozoic sandstones (Tahaggart).

Algeria ranks 2nd in Africa in terms of iron ore reserves. In Northern Algeria, metasomatic iron ore deposits have been explored in Aptian reef limestones (Jebel Ouenza, Bou Khadra), the total reserves of which are over 100 million tons, the Fe content is 40-56%. In the Tindouf syneclise, the largest Devonian sedimentary deposits of oolitic iron ores in Algeria have been identified - Gara-Dzhebilet (total reserves 2 billion tons, Fe content 50-57%) and Mesheri-Abdelaziz (2 billion tons, 50-55%). The reserves of manganese ores are insignificant; they are confined to the volcanogenic-hydrothermal deposit of Oued Guettara (total reserves 1.5 million tons, Fe content 40-50%) in the Bechar region.

Algeria ranks second in Africa in terms of lead and zinc ore reserves. In Northern Algeria, stratiform, vein (telethermal) and lens-shaped vein (hydrothermal) deposits of polymetallic ores are developed. Stratiform deposits of lead and zinc ores are located in carbonate deposits of the Jurassic (El-Abed, Deglen), Cretaceous (Kerzet-Yousef, Meslulla, Jebel Ishmul), veins in sandy-clayey rocks of the Cretaceous (Gerruma, Sakamody) are associated with diapirs of Triassic evaporites. Volcanogenic and plutonogenic-hydrothermal copper-polymetallic deposits in Cretaceous-Neogene rocks are associated with Miocene volcanics (Bu Sufa, Oued el-Kebir) and granitoids (Bu Douka, Ashaysh, Ain Barbar, Kef um Tebul). Ore occurrences of cuprous sandstones are known in Cretaceous and Triassic deposits (Ain Sefra, in the western Saharan Atlas), Cambrian (Ben Tajik in Ugarta) and Vendian (Khanq in the south of Regibat).

Algeria ranks 1st in Africa in terms of mercury reserves (about 4% of global reserves). Deposits of mercury ores were identified in the Azzaba region among the terrigenous-clastic rocks of the Cretaceous - Paleogene and in Precambrian shales (Genish deposits - total reserves in terms of metal 4.5 thousand tons, Hg content 1.16%; Mpa-Cma, respectively, 7.7 thousand t, 3.9%; Ismail - worked out). Algeria ranks second in Africa in terms of antimony ore reserves; they are concentrated in Northern Algeria at the Khammam-Nbails telethermal field. Algeria ranks first in Africa in terms of tungsten ore reserves. In Ahaggar, quartz-cassiterite-wolframite-greisen-vein bodies Nahda (Launi), Tin-Amzi, ​​El-Kapycca, Bashir, Tiftazunin and others, associated with Taurirt granites, have been explored. In Northern Algeria, the Belelieta skarn-scheelite deposit is known.

The most significant hydrothermal vein gold deposits - Tiririn, Tirek, Amesmessa, Tin-Felki, etc. - were explored in the Precambrian crystalline rocks of Ahaggar; exploration and search for gold continues.

The Bou-Douau deposit has been discovered in Northern Algeria.

Algeria ranks 5th in Africa in terms of phosphorite reserves. In Northern Algeria, deposits of granular phosphorites are confined to clay-carbonate deposits of the Upper Cretaceous - Paleogene. The largest deposits are Dzhebelyonk, El-Quif, Mzaita (see Arabian-African phosphorite province).

Algeria ranks second in Africa in terms of barite reserves. In Northern Algeria, the Mizab vein deposits (total reserves 2.15 million tons, BaSO4 content 90%), Affensou, Bou Mani, Varsenis and Sidi Kamber have been identified, in the Bechar region - the Bou Kais, Abadla and other vein fields. other minerals in Algeria, a large deposit of celestine Beni-Mansour (Northern Algeria) has been explored, the total reserves of which are 6.1 million tons; known deposits of pyrites (reserves are small), table salt, etc.

History of development mineral resources. The oldest evidence of the use of stone for making tools was found in Ternifin and dates back to the Lower Paleolithic (about 700 thousand years ago). From the Neolithic era, the extraction of clays for the manufacture of ceramic utensils began (5-4th millennium BC), from the 2nd millennium BC. - stone for the construction of large funeral structures - dolmens. Information about the developed mining and metallurgical production in the Middle Ages is given in the works of Arab scientists and travelers al-Yakubi (9th century), al-Bakri (11th century), al-Qazwini (13th century), etc. The main mining centers were concentrated in the north - iron ore mines "Nemours" and "Beni-Saf" near the city of Arzev (Western Algeria), as well as near the cities. Setif, Annaba, Bejaia; copper mines in the Jebel Ketama mountains. In the department of Constantine (near Majana, Eastern Algeria), the development of deposits of silver, lead ores, and building stone (no later than the 16th century) is also mentioned. Mercury ore was mined near the city of Arzev. In the 10th century, salt mines were located on the Jebel el-Melkh hill ("Mountain of Salt").

After the colonization of Algeria (1830), intensive searches for minerals began in the country. Industrial exploitation of iron ore deposits (Ain Mokra, Beni Saf, Jebel Ouenza, Mokti el-Hadid) has been carried out since the 50-60s. 19th century, at the same time intensive development of deposits of lead, zinc and copper ores (Muzaya, Oued Merja, Tizi Ntaga), and phosphorites (since 1893) was carried out. In 1907, the main coal deposit of Algeria, Kenadza, was discovered, the maximum production of which was carried out during the Second World War 1939-45.

Mining. General characteristics. The leading branch of the mining industry is oil and gas production (more than 90% of the value of all products of the mining industry); provides the majority of foreign exchange earnings. In 1981, oil and gas accounted for 96% of the value of the country's exports, which amounted to 62 billion Algerian dinars. In the mining industry, the public sector plays a leading role. In the oil and gas industry, a monopoly position is occupied by the state company "Société Nationale pour la Recherche, la Production, le Transport, la Transformation et la Commercialization des Hydrocarbures" ("SONATRACH"). The company has taken control of oil and gas reserves and production, all main oil and gas pipelines, gas liquefaction and oil refining plants.

The total number of personnel employed in the oil and gas industry is about 36 thousand people (1980). The Algerian government is promoting the development of the oil and gas industry by merging with foreign capital (up to 49%) while retaining 51% of the shares with SONATRACH. The company carries out production, as well as exploration for oil and gas, in the Sahara together with the French companies "Total", "Compagnie Française de Pétrole", "Compagnie de Recherches et d'Activities Pétrolières", US companies (Getty Oil Co.), Spain ("Hispanoil"), Germany ("Deminex"), Poland ("Copex") and Brazil ("Petrobras"). After the nationalization of mines and quarries (1966) in the Algerian mining industry, the state company "SONAREM" has complete control over the exploration, production, consumption and export of all solid minerals ( total quantity employing about 14 thousand people, 1980). The company includes 30 mines and quarries and conducts exploration in Northern Algeria and the Sahara. Algeria is one of the leading producers of mercury. The extraction of iron ores and non-ferrous metals is insignificant.

Climate of Algeria

The climate of Algeria is subtropical Mediterranean in the north and tropical desert in the Sahara. Winter on the coast is warm and rainy (12°C in January), in the mountains it is cool (there is snow for 2-3 weeks), in the Sahara it depends on the time of day (at night below 0°C, during the day 20°C). Summer in Algeria is hot and dry. Annual precipitation ranges from 0-50 mm in the Sahara to 400-1200 mm in the Atlas Mountains.

Water resources of Algeria

All Algerian rivers are temporary watercourses (oueds) that fill during the rainy season. The rivers of the far north of the country flow into the Mediterranean Sea, the rest are lost in the sands of the Sahara. They are used for irrigation and water supply, for which reservoirs and hydroelectric power stations are built on them. Largest river- Sheliff (700 km). Lake basins (sebkhas) also fill up during the rainy season, and in the summer they dry out and become covered with a salt crust up to 60 cm thick. In the Sahara, in areas with large reserves of groundwater, the largest oases are located.

Flora and fauna of Algeria

Poor in Algeria flora. In some places in the mountains there are cork oak forests, semi-desert and desert vegetation. In the north of the country, oak, olive, pine and thuja grow. The Sahara Desert contains virtually no vegetation, and there are very few oases. The most typical animal species for the country are jackals, hyenas, antelopes, gazelles, and hares are also found.

Population of Algeria

At the time of the French conquest, the population of Algeria was approx. 3 million people. In 1966 it already reached 11.823 million people, and in 1997 – 29.476 million people. In 1996, the birth rate was 28.5 per 1,000 people and the death rate was 5.9 per 1,000 people. Infant mortality (children under one year old) is 48.7 per 1000 newborns. In the mid-1990s, approx. 68% of the population was under 29 years of age.

Algeria was originally inhabited by peoples speaking Berber languages. These peoples back in 2000 BC. moved here from the Middle East. The majority of the modern population uses a colloquial version of Arabic in everyday life. Arabs settled in Algeria during the Islamic conquests of the 7th and 8th centuries. and nomadic migrations of the 11th–12th centuries. The mixing of two waves of settlers with the autochthonous population led to the emergence of the so-called Arab-Berber ethnic group, in the cultural development of which the Arab element played a dominant role.

As the main ethnic subgroup of Algerian society, the Berbers play an important role in the life of the country. During the Roman and Arab conquests of North Africa, many Berbers moved from the coast to the highlands. Berbers make up approximately 1/5 of the country's population. The largest concentration of the Berber population is found in the mountainous area of ​​Djurjura, east of the capital, known as Kabylia. The local residents, the Kabyles, have settled in many cities of the country, but carefully preserve ancient traditions. Other significant groups of the Berber population are represented by the Shawiya tribal alliances, originating from the mountainous region around Batna, the Mzabita, settled in the oases of Northern Sahara, and the Tuareg nomads living in the far south in the Ahaggar region.

After the conquest of Algeria by France in the 19th century. the size of the European part of the population increased, and by 1960 approx. 1 million Europeans. Most had French roots, the ancestors of the rest moved to Algeria from Spain, Italy and Malta. After Algeria declared independence in 1962, most Europeans left the country.

Most of the Algerian population are Sunni Muslims (Malikis and Hanafis). A number of followers of the Ibadite sect live in the Mzab Valley, Ouargla and Algiers. The state religion of the country is Islam. There are approx. 150 thousand Christians, mostly Catholics, and approximately 1 thousand adherents of Judaism. The official language is Arabic, but it is still widely spoken French. Some Berber tribes speaking Tamahak and Tamazirt acquired their own written language. Several books have already been published in the Tamazirt dialect in Algeria.

About 3/4 of the population is concentrated in the foothills of the Tell Atlas, approximately 1.5 million people live in the highlands and less than one million in the Sahara Desert. The highest density is observed near the capital and in the Kabylia region.

meteoblue weather charts are based on 30 years of weather models available for every point on Earth. They provide useful indicators of typical climatic features and expected weather conditions(temperature, precipitation, sunny weather or wind). Meteorological data models have a spatial resolution of about 30 km in diameter and may not reproduce all local weather phenomena, such as thunderstorms, local winds or tornadoes.

You can study the climate of any location, such as the Amazon rainforest, West African savannas, Sahara Desert, Siberian tundra or Himalayas.

30 years of hourly historical data for Algeria can be purchased with history+. You will be able to download CSV files for weather parameters such as temperature, wind, cloudiness and precipitation relative to any location globe. The last 2 weeks of data for the city of Algiers are available for free evaluation of the package.

Average temperature and precipitation

The "mean daily maximum" (solid red line) shows the maximum temperature of an average day for every month for Algeria. Likewise, the "Minimum Average Daily Temperature" (solid blue line) indicates the minimum average temperature. Hot days and cold nights (the dotted red and blue lines indicate the average temperature on the hottest day and coldest night of each month for 30 years. When planning your holiday, you'll be in the know average temperature and are ready for both the hottest and coldest days. The default settings do not include wind speed indicators, but you can enable this option using the button on the graph.

The rainfall schedule is useful for seasonal variations, such as the monsoon climate in India or the humid period in Africa.

Cloudy, sunny and precipitation days

The graph indicates the number of sunny, partly cloudy, foggy, and precipitation days. Days when the cloud layer does not exceed 20% are considered sunny; 20-80% cover is considered partly cloudy, and more than 80% is considered completely cloudy. While the weather in Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is mostly cloudy, Sossusvlei in the Namib Desert is one of the most sunny places on the ground.

Attention: In countries with a tropical climate, such as Malaysia or Indonesia, the forecast for the number of days of precipitation may be overestimated by a factor of two.

Maximum temperatures

The maximum temperature diagram for Algeria displays how many days per month reach certain temperatures. In Dubai, one of the hottest cities on earth, the temperature almost never drops below 40°C in July. You can also see a chart of cold winters in Moscow, which shows that only a few days a month the maximum temperature barely reaches -10°C.

Precipitation

The precipitation diagram for Algeria shows how many days per month, certain precipitation amounts are reached. In areas with tropical or monsoon climates, rainfall forecasts may be underestimated.

Wind speed

The diagram for Algeria shows the days per month, during which the wind reaches a certain speed. An interesting example is the Tibetan Plateau, where the monsoons produce prolonged strong winds from December to April and calm air flows from June to October.

Wind speed units can be changed in the preferences section (top right corner).

Wind speed rose

The wind rose for Algeria shows how many hours per year the wind blows from the indicated direction. Example - southwest wind: The wind blows from southwest (SW) to northeast (NE). Cape Horn, the southernmost point in South America, is characterized by a characteristic powerful westerly wind, which significantly impedes passage from east to west, especially for sailing ships.

General information

Since 2007, meteoblue has been collecting model meteorological data in its archive. In 2014, we began comparing weather models with historical data going back to 1985, creating a global archive of 30 years of hourly weather data. Weather charts are the first simulated weather data sets available on the Internet. Our weather data history includes data from all parts of the world covering any time period, regardless of the availability of weather stations.

The data is obtained from our global weather model NEMS over a diameter of approximately 30 km. Consequently, they cannot reproduce minor local weather events such as heat domes, cold blasts, thunderstorms and tornadoes. For locations and events that require a high level of accuracy (such as energy allocation, insurance, etc.), we offer high-resolution models with hourly weather data.

License

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/ Climate of Algeria

Climate of Algeria

The climate of Algeria in the northern part of the country is subtropical Mediterranean, in the central and southern parts of the country it is tropical desert. Algeria is the largest country on the African continent, 80% of which is occupied by the largest big desert on earth - Sahara. The length of the Algerian coastline is also very impressive - as much as 998 km.

Cheap flights to Algeria

Having at your disposal quite large territory, natural world Algeria is very diverse and includes: plains, deserts and semi-deserts, including sandy and rocky ones, the Ahaggar highlands, as well as the Atlas Mountains.

The climate changes as you move from the north to the south of the country. On Mediterranean sea ​​coast The climate is more comfortable for living, with moderately warm, humid winters and hot summers.And the central and southern parts of Algeria are more severe - the Sahara Desert is located here, where it is very dry and very hot throughout almost the entire year, in addition, huge mountains often rise here. sandstorms. Features of desert areas are very sharp fluctuations in air temperatures during the day and night. The climate of northern Sahara is determined by stable high pressure cells located over the Tropic of the North.

Winter in Algeria begins around the beginning of December. Algerian winters are mild and warm, with an average daily temperature in January of +12°C in the northern part of the country. It is warm and rainy here in winter, especially on the coast. On the tops of the mountains, in the winter season, snow falls, and negative air temperatures are observed here.

Winter in the south of Algeria, in the Sahara Desert, is absent as a phenomenon in itself. It's always hot and sunny here. The average daily air temperature in the Sahara in winter is +25°C, dropping to 0°C at night, and often to slightly negative temperatures(!). Such large fluctuations in temperature during the day are quite poorly tolerated by the human body.

Spring in Algeria, in the northern part of the country, begins in early March. This is a very pleasant time that lasts only a couple of months. The clouds dissipate in the sky, the air temperature warms up every day, the amount of precipitation decreases, and everything around begins to bloom. This is the most fertile time in most of the country. Only sandstorms can disturb this idyll of nature. In April, sometimes a hot wind blows from the desert and brings with it so much sand that a sandstorm begins. The air temperature rises sharply at this time. Such sandstorms are usually unpredictable and bring a lot of inconvenience to residents of the country and tourists.

In the south of the country, in the Sahara Desert, spring seems to never happen - it sweeps through these parts like a whirlwind. Spring time here lasts no more than two weeks. Already in March, the average daytime temperature reaches +28°C and above, and at night drops to +10°C and below. In the spring, here, most often, strong sandstorms form, completely paralyzing any communication between the rare desert cities.

Summer in Algeria, in the northern part of the country, begins in May. Already in May it is warm and nice here like in summer and the prices are quite comfortable, not hot weather. In general, the Algerian summer is long and dry; there is practically no rain at this time of year. On the coast of the country, the daily air temperature in July averages +30°C, often reaching +35 - +40°C. It's even hotter in August. On the coast of the country, such high air temperatures are relatively easier to tolerate due to humid currents from the Mediterranean Sea. Things are worse in the central part of the country. Here high blood pressure and very dry air in summer time. Due to the dry air, it seems that the temperatures here are even higher than they actually are. You shouldn’t even dream about rain, or at least clouds, in the summer.

Some relief comes to the country only in September. A rather fertile month, when the stifling heat passes, but the weather is still excellent, you can swim and sunbathe on the coast of the country. Every day, slowly but surely, the air temperature is declining in the central part of the country, but here it is still hot, up to +30°C. Summer heat hard to carry through dry winds. Dry winds often lead to sandstorms. There are often severe droughts.

It is worth mentioning separately about summer time in the south of Algeria, in the Sahara Desert. Actually, it’s difficult to say here when summer begins and when it ends, because summer in this desert, essentially, is all year round, there is only a temperature difference. We can say that after a short spring, at the beginning of April, summer period. The air temperature is rising inexorably every day, and if April is still quite comfortable month, with an average daily temperature of +28°C, then in May things are much worse.

Cheap hotels in Algeria

But the worst thing is to end up in the Sahara in July or August. Extreme dryness of the air, which automatically increases the feeling of air temperature, is very poorly tolerated, especially since the air temperature itself in July and August, during the daytime, reaches an unimaginable +45°C, and sometimes even higher (!). The surface of the desert heats up to an unimaginable +65 - +70°C, it is unrealistic to stand barefoot, at this temperature you can easily fry eggs! If there is wind in the Sahara, it will not bring any relief; rather, on the contrary, moving hot air currents, this wind is more likely to burn. Surprisingly, with such catastrophic air temperatures during the day, at night it is very cool here - the air temperature can drop to +15°C and below.

Autumn in Algeria, in the northern part of the country, begins in early October. The first half of the month is usually sunny and quite comfortable for relaxation; from mid-October, real autumn sets in on the coast, the sky is clouded with low clouds, it may rain, but this does not happen often. In the central part of the country, there is practically no rain in October, and the air temperature here is higher, about +20°C during the daytime. November continues the trend of October with a decrease in average air temperature to an average of +15°C; the weather in November is usually not pleasant, quite cloudy and rainy.

One cannot even dream of rain in the south of Algeria, in the Sahara Desert, even in autumn. No rain, moreover, no clouds, and in general - what kind of autumn are you talking about? There is no autumn here, there never was and there never will be, only the temperature is declining, reaching +30°C in November.

Precipitation in Algeria is very uneven. In the few mountains of Algeria, precipitation falls up to 1200 mm per year, in the form of rain and snow. In the flat areas of the country, only 200 - 400 mm of precipitation falls per year. In northern Sahara, precipitation falls less than 50 mm per year. This is one of the driest places on earth. Precipitation throughout the country falls mainly from November to February. In other months, the possibility of precipitation in Algeria is extremely low.

When to go to Algeria. Best time for a trip to Algeria - warm, non-hot months - May, June, September and October. If you want to bask in the sun and relax on the Algerian coast without sweltering from the heat, these months are most suitable. At this time, the weather is quite comfortable, there is no suffocating intolerable heat, and the sun rather gently warms than burns.

The hottest months – July and August – are also suitable for holidays near the Mediterranean Sea, only if you love the heat and tolerate it well.

March, April, October are the months that are ideal for sightseeing in the country, of which there are, in fact, quite a lot. During these months, any movement around the country will be pleasant - warm, sunny, and not hot.

The time from November to March is absolutely not suitable for a beach holiday, it is cold, gloomy and rainy. For the same reasons, you will not enjoy going on a sightseeing tour of Algeria at this time of year.

But for visiting the Sahara, the months from November to early April are perfect. During the day it is relatively “cool” here, but at night the temperature drops below zero. For multi-day trips around the Sahara, it is recommended to take protective sun cream, as well as warm clothes - it is very cold here at night. What you definitely won’t need here is an umbrella. Be aware that from time to time there are sandstorms in the Sahara, when visibility around you is reduced to zero.

God forbid you go to the Sahara in the summer! This is the height of stupidity. Extremely high air temperatures cannot be tolerated by an organism not accustomed to such heat. Here you can easily get sunstroke, or even get burned on the sand. Highly dry air, in which the heat is less tolerated, will turn your trip into hell, here you can simply “burn alive.” Those who does not tolerate heat well, and people with cardiovascular diseases are STRICTLY PROHIBITED from visiting the Sahara in the summer!

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Algeria is a state in North Africa in the western part of the Mediterranean basin, the largest African state by territory. Algeria borders Morocco in the west, Mauritania and Mali in the southwest, Niger in the southeast, and Libya and Tunisia in the east. Most of the country's territory lies in the Sahara Desert. The capital is the city of Algiers.

The Tell Atlas mountain range running in the north along the coast is cut through by a few bays and plains. The lowlands around the cities of Algiers and Oran are densely populated. Small bays are used for fishing, export of iron ore and oil. Tell Atlas rises more than 1830 m above sea level and includes the Tlemcen, Greater and Lesser Kabylia and Mejerda massifs.

At mid-altitudes there are Mediterranean-type shrubs and cork oak forests. At higher elevations, cedar and pine forests once grew, but as a result of deforestation, fires and livestock grazing, many mountainous areas have turned into shrub-covered wasteland. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and warm, rainy winters. In winter, snow covers only the highest peaks. The range of average annual precipitation amounts is from 760 mm on the coast to 1270 mm on the seaward slopes of Tell Atlas and less than 640 mm on its internal slopes. The southern part of Tell Atlas is a high plateau with an average height of 1070 m. This area is characterized by semi-arid climatic conditions with an annual precipitation of 250-510 mm. In more humid areas, cereals and alpha grass (esparto) are cultivated, the fibers of which are used to make ropes, fabrics and high-quality paper. Salt lakes (called chotts) and salt marshes occur at lower elevations with a dry climate. Located even further to the south, the Saharan Atlas rises to a height of 150 m above the plateau level and then descends towards the Sahara by more than 300 m. The most elevated part of the Saharan Atlas is the Ksur, Amur and Ouled-Nail mountain systems. Thanks to abundant grass cover

The Saharan Atlas serves as a convenient grazing area. The rest of the country is occupied by the Sahara Desert. The average altitude in the Sahara is approx. 460 m. In the area of ​​the Ahaggar (Hoggar) massif near the southern border of Algeria there is the highest peak of the country, Mount Takhat - 2908 m. Most of the Sahara is occupied by gravelly and pebble deserts (hamads and regis), and approximately 1/4 of the part is sandy deserts (ergs) . The day is hot, sometimes the temperature reaches 35°, but the nights are cool. Precipitation is extremely rare. In oases, under conditions of constant irrigation, the date palm grows. In Algeria, only a few rivers have a constant flow; the rest are fed by precipitation. Sources of water supply are wells dug in dry river beds (wadis); in many places, underground water is used, coming to the surface through artesian wells and foggara - horizontal tunnels dug at a slight slope.

Climate and weather

Due to the fact that one part of the country is washed by the sea, and the second, larger one, is located in a completely desert area, the climate of Algeria in its Mediterranean part is classified as subtropical, and in the desert - tropical.
During the winter months, various parts of the country experience different temperatures. If it constantly rains on the coast and the thermometer stays around +12...+13 C, then in the mountains, where there is always snow for several weeks a year, it can drop below zero. As for the Sahara, the range of winter temperatures here has a colossal spread. If at night the temperature in the desert drops below zero, then during the day it reaches +20 C and above.

In summer in Algeria, like almost all of Africa, it is very hot and dry. Dust storms are common in the desert at this time. From the desert part of the country to the coastal part, stuffy dry winds - sirocco - constantly penetrate. The annual amount of precipitation falling in the Sahara is negligible - from 0 to 50 mm. However, in the Atlas Mountains, annual precipitation falls to 400-1200 mm. Note that the highest temperature in Algeria was recorded in Tindouf +57.4 C.

The best time to travel to Algeria is in the autumn months, when the intense heat begins to subside.

Official language

Official language - Arabic

Religion

The majority of people living in Algeria are Sunni Muslims (Hanafis and Malikis). A small number of admirers of the Ibadite sect settled in the Mzab Valley, Algiers and Ouargla. The state religion of the state is Islam. In addition, about 150 thousand Christians live in this country, most of them are Catholics, and approximately 1 thousand are adherents of Judaism.

Emergency numbers in Algeria

Telephone in case of emergency emergency situations: +213-770-100-127

Consular Section: (8-10-213-21) 92-1512; 92-31-39;92-26-14

24-hour emergency telephone number: 8-10-213-770-100-127

Consulate General in Annaba

Address: 1, Boulevard Fellah Rachid, Annaba, Algerie

Phone: (8-10-213-38) 86-8507, 86-4261

Telephone in case of emergencies: +213-661-32-19-32

Police - 17

Medical assistance - 14

Medicine in the country is paid and not very good level. Tourists traveling to Algeria are advised to carry an International Insurance Certificate.

Fire brigade - 14

Russian Embassy in Algeria

Chemin du Prince d'Annam, El-Biar, Alger, Algerie
Phone:(8-10-2132) 92-3139, 92-3184, 78-2614
Fax:(8-10-2132) 92-2882
Website: www.mid.ru

Time in Albania

It lags behind Moscow by -2 hours in winter and by -3 hours in summer. There is no daylight saving time. UTC+1

Visa

A visa is required to enter the country

Currency of Algeria

Currency: Algerian dinar international code DZD
Banknote denomination: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000 dinars
Coins: 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 centimes
1 dinar = 100 centimes
Bank of Algeria www.bank-of-algeria.dz

1000 Algerian dinars (can be exchanged at the border), US dollars or euros (exchanging other currencies for dinars is problematic), and the bills must not be old, not torn or dirty, otherwise they simply will not be accepted.

Customs regulations

The import of foreign currency is not limited (declaration is required). Upon entry, a convertible currency equivalent to 1000 Algerian dinars is exchanged. The export of foreign currency is allowed. When importing pets, you must present a veterinary certificate with a vaccination record.

Local fines and bans

· V public places Drinking alcohol is strictly prohibited

· It is prohibited to photograph women wearing black headscarves

· same-sex relationships are prohibited, a fine of up to 2,000 Algerian dinars (about 780 rubles) and a prison term of up to 2 years

· in Algeria it is prohibited to pay in foreign currency (although some hotels may accept dollars for services)

· It is prohibited to enter the Sahara region without the accompaniment of a local official guide

Unexpected bans

· women are prohibited from smoking on the streets of Algeria (although they can smoke in various rooms, for example in a cafe or in a car)

Tourist safety in Alair

The main danger for tourists in Algeria is terrorism. The most dangerous areas in this regard are considered to be the north and south of the country, so travel to the southeastern provinces of Tamanrasset, Djane and Illizi is not recommended. Also try to stay away from large crowds, avoid going into town after dark, and practice reasonable safety precautions. Attend excursions only as part of organized groups accompanied by a guide.

Pickpocketing is another trouble that can await you in Algeria. Do not carry large sums of money or expensive items with you, do not show cash in public, and carefully monitor your belongings.

Do not wear too revealing or bright clothes. Also, images or decorations of clothing in the form of coins should be avoided, as for Algerians this is an insult and sacrilege (the Prophet Muhammad was a merchant).

Don't go into the desert without a guide. Firstly, this in itself is dangerous, and secondly, it is prohibited by law.

Never drink tap water. Use only bottled water for drinking and washing fruits and vegetables.

Transport Algeria

Public transport in Algeria:

Public transport in Algeria consists of buses, trains, trams and metro (both in the capital). In the north of the country, buses are common, while in the south they are replaced by jeeps and pickups. Bus travel costs 5 dinars (about 2 rubles). You can get from the capital to any other city by bus (the price will be 1 dinar (about 40 kopecks) per kilometer). The tram in Algeria has been partially launched recently and only in the capital. On at the moment the operating section has 13 stations and is 8 kilometers long.

Algiers metro

A rather young type of transport, it was opened in 2011, and so far consists of only one branch. The metro operates from 5 a.m. to 11 p.m. The approximate cost of travel is 50 dinars (20 rubles) for 10 stations. Algerian railways are present only in the north of the country, and trains only run between major cities. By train you can reach southern Tamansrasset, as well as Oran, Constantine and Annabu.

Rent a car in Algeria

An international driver's license and a minimum of 1 year of driving experience are required. The approximate rental cost is 50 dollars (1600 rubles) per day.

Taxi in Algeria

Quite a popular form of transport. You can catch a taxi on the street, or call by phone. Be sure to discuss the fare and route with the driver before the trip. The approximate cost is 30 dinars (12 rubles) per kilometer.

Office hours

Supermarkets and department stores:

Shops are open from Saturday to Thursday from 8.00 to 12.00 and from 14.00 to 18.00. Supermarkets close later.

Seven days a week: Some stores are open every day.

Banks: Sunday to Thursday from 9.00 to 15.30.

Buy alcohol: Alcohol is available in restaurants and hotels high class, as well as in special stores. Alcoholic drinks can only be purchased until 21:00. It is better to buy alcohol at Algiers airport. In small towns, purchasing alcohol can be difficult.

Nightlife: In Algeria, there are a large number of various cafes, restaurants, baths and other entertainment establishments, however, for them the Algerian Ministry of Trade has introduced a restriction on opening hours. Now they are required to close after 11 pm. However, clubs in hotels are open after 23.00.

KITCHEN

Traditional Algerian cuisine is very diverse. Various meat dishes are popular here, such as hubizet with cheese and spinach, usually served as a hot dish. Algerians are very fond of turtu with meat, which we would call pies. Among the local population there are many adherents of potatoes baked in white sauce, usually served with a variety of delicious hot seasonings and sauces.

Among fish dishes, they mainly use sea ​​fish, but there are dishes whose main component is river fish. Fish in Algeria is steamed, fried, baked, using various sauces, stuffed, seasoned, etc. The most popular fish dish is the so-called. couscous.

Among salads, Algerians prefer cucumbers with cream, peppers with olive oil, roasted pepper and tomato salad, anchovies with garlic, etc. Among the soups - semolina soup called mdeshta, shrimp soup or chicken boiled with vegetables. For dessert in Algeria, they serve chocolate cakes, as well as flour cakes, popularly called “bride fingers”.

In Algeria, since time immemorial, various varieties of grapes have been cultivated from which wine is produced. Among Algerians, various table wines are valued - rose and red.

Tips: In restaurants, the cost of service is usually automatically included in the bill. But if you liked the service, you can give a small amount (about 10%) directly into your hands, no one will object. In a taxi, you can round up the amount.

Sights of Algeria

Old City of Algiers (museums)

The capital of Algeria, the city of the same name, surprises you at first glance with its mixture of faces. Here Arabs, representatives of African tribes, and Europeans mix into a kaleidoscope of amazing diversity. The city has been known since the times ancient Rome, who founded a trading port here. Later Algeria became a colony of Spain and trade gained further development. The port was always filled with such valuable goods as olives, oil, honey, and all kinds of fruits. This attracted merchants from different corners peace. The city was also owned by Turkish sea pirates, who called it Al-Jazair. For about 150 years the French were the masters of Algeria. All these stages of development could not but affect the architecture of the city. The city is famous for the fact that it was here that the famous impressionists painted their great paintings: Monet Degas, Renoir and Delacroix. The Great Goncourt considered Algeria the best city in the world for artists. The vast majority of the city's buildings belong to Muslim culture. In Algeria, in the central square of the Martyrs, slave trade and execution took place. Here the famous Cervantes was once sold into slavery, who was then kept in prison for another 5 years. Algeria is designed in such a way that from any of its alleys you can see a stunning panorama of the seashore. Travelers approaching the port immediately notice the shiny domes. This is the Notre-Dame d'Afrique cathedral with a majestic bronze statue of the Virgin Mary, preserved from 1840. All tourists who would like to find themselves in the Middle Ages and feel the spirit of that time go to the ancient city of Algeria - the Kasbah. It is considered the heart of the Algerian capital. It dates back to the 15th century. There are no squares in this amazing city, no trees grow here. Just a confusing labyrinth of incredibly narrow streets. The houses hug each other tightly, located at an angle, which provides them with rich shade even on the hottest days.

Tassilin-Angers (nature)

The unusual landscape of Tassilin-Angers, similar to the lunar surface, prehistoric caves with unique drawings and engravings, of which there are about 15 thousand, invariably attract tourists visiting Algeria. From these drawings one can trace not only the evolution of man in the great Sahara Desert from the 60th century BC, but also the climate changes and animal migrations that have taken place.

Fort Santa Cruz(architecture)

IN ancient city Oran has preserved two remarkable sights - the citadel, preserved from the 18th century, and the Great Mosque, built in the 17th century.

Mzab Valley

The attention of modern architects around the world is attracted by the Mzab Valley, where the cities created in the 10th century are perfectly preserved. All tourists in these cities are left with the feeling of stopping time, thanks to the atmosphere of that time that fills the ancient cities. All buildings and infrastructure are ideal for strong and friendly families.

City of Djemila - You can see buildings built in the ancient Roman style by visiting the wonderful Algerian city of Djemila, which is located in the mountains at an altitude of 900 meters.

Ancient Hammadid Capital - Tourists visiting the ancient Hammadid capital can get acquainted with the architectural features of the fortifications that were created in Muslim cities. The city of Qala Beni Hammad was created in 1007, it was destroyed by invaders in 1152, but the largest mosque in the country has been preserved, which has 8 rows of seats, 13 naves and prayer rooms.

Timgad city - A huge square and two perpendicular streets is the city of Timgad. This is the style of Roman architecture used to create the military colony of Emperor Trajan in the first century AD.

Tipasa - The city of Tipasa was one of the main trading points of the Mediterranean region. It was later conquered by the Romans and converted into a military base which was used to conquer the Moorish kingdoms. Here you can see a large number of buildings preserved from the period of the ancient Romans, Christians, and the Byzantine period. Of particular interest are the mausoleum of the kings of Mauritania and Kbor er Rumia

Tourists who prefer beach holiday, more and more attention is being paid to Algeria, which will be able to compete with other resort countries in Africa, such as Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt. Special attention is given to Morocco, a country that broke all existing records in 2007. Algeria has historical and cultural attractions, exoticism - increasingly attracting tourists from Europe. Algeria has all the prerequisites: beaches, sea, historical monuments, ancient sights. The main one is the climate, sunny days, warm sea. So far, tourism in Algeria is hampered by a lack of hotels and visa-related issues. By 2015, 36 new hotels are planned to open, and new beach resorts are being built. There are still few five-star hotels, but construction companies are investing more and more money in the development of tourism in Algeria. More and more attention is being paid to the development of the infrastructure of Algerian resort areas. More are appearing on the beaches beach activities: riding scooters, banana boats, surfing, scuba diving, boat trips, yacht trips. The restaurant business is developing. More travel companies offers travel through the greatest desert, the Sahara. Sanatoriums are opening in Algeria. The private sector offers a wide variety of recreation. National cuisine develops. Algeria will soon be one of the developed tourist countries. After all, all the prerequisites are there.

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