for children 5-7 years old

1. Consider with children, illustrations depicting the animals of our forests - a hare, squirrel, wolf, bear, hedgehog, fox and elk. Tag them external signs. Talk to your child about what wild animals live in our forests. Clarify the understanding of the general concept of “wild animals”.

2. Remember where animals live, what they eat, howpreparing for winter, how to adapt to harsh conditions winter, how to escape the cold.

3. Questions to test the child’s knowledge.

- How can you call it in one word: bear, fox, wolf, hare?
- Why are these animals called wild?

4. Exercise “Name the sign” to select nouns for adjectives.

What kind of bear? (brown, clubfooted, clumsy)
What kind of wolf? (gray, toothy, scary)
Lisa, which one? (sly, fluffy, red)
What kind of hare? (small, long-eared, shy)

5. Exercises “Who does what?” on the selection of verbs to nouns.
The bear (what is it doing?) - sleeps, waddles, clumsily...
The fox (what is he doing?) is hunting.
The wolf (what is he doing?) – howls, hunts.

6. Exercises “Who has whom” in word formation.
The she-bear has a cub (cubs).
The fox has cubs
The squirrel has baby squirrels
The she-wolf has wolf cubs
Hedgehogs have hedgehogs
The hare has bunnies

7. “Name the family”
Dad is a bear, mom is a bear, cub is a bear cub/
Dad is a wolf, mom is a wolf, cub is a wolf cub
Dad is a hedgehog, mom is a hedgehog, the babies are hedgehogs
Dad is a hare, mom is a hare, babies are bunnies
Dad is a fox, mom is a fox, cubs are foxes

8. “Call me kindly”
Hare - bunny, bunny, bunny.
Fox - chanterelles, fox cubs, little fox.
Bear is a bear cub.
Wolf is a wolf cub.
Hedgehog - hedgehog.
Squirrel is a squirrel.
Elk is a calf.

9. Exercise “Whose tail?” We learn to form possessive adjectives.

One morning the animals woke up and saw that everyone’s tails were mixed up: the hare had a wolf’s tail, the wolf had a fox’s tail, the fox had a bear’s tail... The animals were upset. Is a wolf's tail suitable for a hare? Help the animals find their tails by answering the question “Whose tail is this?” (fox, wolf, hare, bear)

To consolidate the material, it is advisable to perform the exercise “Change the words according to the model.”

The nose of a fox is a fox nose.
Fox paw - fox paw.
Fox eyes are fox eyes.
Fox hole - fox hole.

10. Exercise “Say when it’s too much”on the use of a noun in genitive case plural.

There is one wolf in the forest, and there are many wolves in the pack. One bear - many bears. One hedgehog - many hedgehogs.
One squirrel - many squirrels. One fox - many foxes.

12. Exercise “Say when 1-2 5” for the use of a noun in the genitive plural.

One wolf, two wolves, five wolves

One she-wolf, two she-wolves, five she-wolves.
One wolf cub, two wolf cubs, five wolf cubs.

One rabbit, two birds, five birds.

One fox, two foxes, five foxes.

13. Exercise “On the contrary” - learning to select antonyms.

The elk is big, and the hare is small.
The squirrel is weak, and the wolf is strong.
The wolf has a long tail, and the bear has a short tail.
The fox is a predatory animal, and the hare is a herbivore.

14. Development of coherent oral speech without relying on questions and clarity

Hare in winter
The hare is not preparing for winter. He sleeps in the snow under a bush. The hare sleeps, but does not close his eyes. The hare does not make provisions for the winter; it feeds on grass, which it finds under the snow and bark of young aspen. The hare is afraid of his enemies: the fox, the wolf and the hunter. He is saved from enemies by his faster legs and keen hearing.

- Where does the hare sleep in winter?
- What does a hare eat in winter?
- Who are the hare’s enemies?
- What saves the hare from its enemies?

15. Development logical thinking. Let's learn to solve riddles.

A bushy tail sticks out from the top.
What is this strange animal?
Shells the nuts finely.
Well of course it's...
(squirrel)

Cunning cheat
red head,
Lush tail-beauty,
Who is this? ...
(fox)

Not a lamb or a cat,
Wears a fur coat all year round.
Gray fur coat for summer,
For winter - a different color. (hare)

Bunny.

Little bunny
On a damp hollow
Before my eyes were amused
White flowers...
We burst into tears in the fall
Thin blades of grass
The paws are coming
On yellow leaves.
Gloomy, rainy
Autumn has come,
All the cabbage was removed
Nothing to steal.
Poor bunny is jumping
Near the wet pine trees.
It's scary to be in the clutches of a wolf
Gray to get...
Thinks about summer
flattens his ears,
Looks sideways at the sky -
You can't see the sky.
If only it were warmer
If only it were drier...
Very unpleasant
Walk on water.
(A. Blok)

18. Familiarization with artistic literature.
- Remember Russian folk tales in which animals of our forests are mentioned.
- Read the Ukrainian folk tale “The Mitten.” Find out what fairy tale it reminds you of. (“Teremok”) What do these fairy tales have in common? What is the difference?

One day the lion, the king of beasts, called all the animals. All the animals, both big and small, gathered at the appointed time, but the fox did not appear. She scoured the forest, looking for prey.

The animals were tired of the fox's tricks, they made a terrible noise and complained about her to the lion, the king of animals. The lion got angry with the fox and ordered him to be brought to trial.

First the hare followed the fox. He met her at big forest and told her to go to the king. The fox laughed at the hare and went on its way.

The humiliated hare returned to the king and conveyed everything that the fox had said.

The king became even more angry and sent the biggest cat after her. The cat found the fox in the bushes where she was sleeping and shouted at her:

Why are you sleeping and not going to the king? The king and all the animals are waiting for you for judgment.

The fox and the cat went along the road and said to him:

A rich peasant lives nearby. His cellar is chock full of sausages. We can enjoy some sausage there.

The cat heard this and licked his lips:

Snacking on sausage is great! Show me where this cellar is!

The fox led the cat to the cellar and showed a small hole into which the cat barely squeezed. The cat got to the sausage, eats it - only there is a crackling sound behind the ears. He filled his belly so full that he couldn’t get out of the cellar. And the fox ran to the owner and said that in his cellar an uninvited guest was eating sausage. The peasant grabbed a large rod and hurried to the cellar, and whipped the cat so much that he barely made it to the king to tell about the fox’s tricks.

The king sent a wolf after the fox. A wolf met a fox on the road and growled at her:

Are you crazy - why don’t you go to the king? If you don't show up, they'll tear you to shreds.

“Yes, I’m already going to the king,” the fox answered and went with the wolf.

They walk like good friends, suddenly the fox says:

If the cat had listened to me and did not eat the sausage in the cellar, but had taken it out, then nothing would have happened to him, and I would have gotten my share of the sausage. You’re quicker than a cat, let’s eat first, and then we’ll show up honorably to the king.

The wolf was pretty hungry and didn’t argue.

Where is the food? - asks.

“Not far,” the fox answers, “I’ll take you there.” If the owner appears, I will shout, and you jump to the side and lie on your side so that he does not see you. Otherwise he doesn’t know you and will beat you for nothing.

The fox led the wolf to the wolf hole and then shouted:

The owner is coming! The owner is coming!

The wolf got scared, jumped to the side and fell into a hole. The fox ran to the owner and said that the wolf had fallen into a trap. The people pulled the wolf out of the pit, set dogs on him and beat him with clubs so much that the wolf could not even reach the king to complain. Meanwhile, the fox stole the peasant’s duck and took it with him.

The king did not wait for the wolf, so he sent for the fox the strongest of animals - the bear.

The bear has gone. I decided to bring the fox at all costs. The fox, seeing the bear, immediately came out to meet him and greeted him respectfully, as if he were an important gentleman. The bear shouted at her:

Where is the wolf?

Lisa humbly answers him:

I went with the wolf to the king, and he got hungry, went to the neighbors to eat and disappeared, as if he had fallen through the ground.

Come with me to the trial!” the bear barked at her. “You should be skinned for the fact that they called you so many times, but you didn’t show up.”

The fox curls around the bear like a loach:

It's not my fault at all. The hare is very stupid, I didn’t want to go with him. The cat crawled to hell into the cellar, and the wolf disappeared to God knows where. I will boldly go with you to the king.

They walk and walk, and suddenly the fox gasps.

What's wrong with you? - asks the bear.

My stomach hurts,” the fox groans.

Why did it happen?

“I ate too much honey,” the fox complains, “that’s why it hurts so much.”

The bear was surprised:

Honey never hurts your stomach. If you know where the honey is, show me, I’ll eat it too.

Yes, here it is,” the fox shows, “on the oak tree.” Climb, you'll find it there.

The bear climbed the oak tree and began to destroy the hive, and the fox ran and told everything to the owner. The owner and his workers called the dogs and chased the bear. The bear, barely alive, ran into the forest, and meanwhile the fox stole the goose and was gone. The bear sat in the forest all night and only in the morning he dragged himself to the king and complained about the fox. This time the king was so angry with the fox that he decided to hang it.

The king sends first one animal, then another, after the fox, but no one dares to go, everyone is afraid that the fox will deceive them. The lynx finally volunteered to go after the fox.

The fox saw the lynx and was wondering how to deceive it, but the lynx shouted at it:

Better shut up, everyone knows your tongue, you won’t fool me! Go to court. This time they won't let you off the hook - the gallows is crying for you. Soon your skin will be used as a fur coat.

Lisa mutters to herself:

Apparently, we really need to go to trial. Or it may happen that before I die I will still wear a fur coat made from your skin.

The lion saw the fox and howled at her:

You scoundrel, why don’t you go to court?

Lisa humbly answers:

O your majesty! I didn’t come because I don’t know the way. The hare is painfully stupid, he told me who knows what; The goblin dragged the cat into the cellar; the wolf fell into a hole; the bear climbed into the oak tree for honey; The lynx is the smartest, it led me on the right path, so I came to the king.

Leo says:

All the animals are complaining about you. You are of no use to anyone, so you will be hanged.

The fox answers:

If they have already decided to hang me, I will not make excuses; I really have many sins on my conscience. I laughed at the hare, lured the cat into the cellar, the wolf into a trap, and the bear into the oak tree with the bees; I quietly stole a duck and a goose from a peasant; and everything that the animals complained about - pure truth. It’s just a pity that I couldn’t do the trot.

The animals tied the fox up and dragged him to the gallows. The fox climbs the stairs to the gallows and says loudly:

I need to tell the king about one important matter.

The lion heard this and ordered the fox to come down from the gallows and tell him about his business.

The fox bowed to the king and said:

I’m about to die, so what do I need my treasures that I have accumulated with such difficulty? I bequeath all this to you, Your Majesty.

Leo says:

Well, show me your treasures.

“My treasures,” the fox answers, “are far from here.”

I'm very cold and shaking all over. Now, if the lynx gave me his fur coat, I could go.

The lion ordered to tear off the skin from the lynx and gave it to the fox instead of a fur coat. The fox put on a fur coat and said to the lynx:

This is because I failed to deceive you on the way here!

The fox led the king and all the animals to his treasures. They walked and walked, the fox became hot, she took off her fur coat and ordered the wolf to carry it. They walked like this until the evening. The fox led the king and all the animals into the thicket, and then ran away - she knew the forest paths better than anyone else.

What should the lion and all the animals do? They went their separate ways. But the fox was never hanged - to this day she prowls the world alive and well.

The most famous representatives of the order of carnivores are the wolf, fox and brown bear. Previously, they were found in our forests more often and played some role in Everyday life people, which explains their popularity.

Bears scared people in the forests and destroyed apiaries. Foxes stole chickens. Wolves slaughtered livestock. Blaming them for this is not entirely correct - animals do not recognize either private or public property, and they hunted domestic birds and animals in the same way as hunters hunt game. However, if a wolf kills a cow that feeds big family, then the normal desire of the normal head of such a family is to kill the robber. The struggle for survival - either I am him, or he is me. People won this fight. It couldn't be any other way. Not a single animal is engaged in the deliberate destruction of another as a species.

Results for today. It is almost impossible to accidentally see these animals in central Russia. Foxes are very careful. Wolves and bears also do not strive for popularity. Moreover, there are simply few of them left. In fact, seeing a pack of hungry wolves in a winter forest or a hungry bear just crawling out of its den in early spring It's better not worth it.

I saw a brown bear in the wild once on Lake Baikal, and in the relatively populated southwestern area. She was also with a bear cub. In such cases, the bear without hesitation rushes at any large animal approaching her, including humans. She rushed at the first of our group when he unexpectedly appeared at the top of a small hill. When, following our eldest, five more of us appeared at the top, the bear changed her mind and rushed at full speed into the forest from the clearing along which we were walking. The little bear ran after her. The greatest impressions of the meeting were left with the one of us who went first.

In everyday life, foxes, wolves and bears are found in fairy tales, cartoons, jokes, and sayings. "Shameful Volchara" is a very bad person. "Lisa Patrikeevna" is a very cunning woman. “You’re like a bear,” he stepped on his foot. A teddy bear is a favorite toy of children.

There is a lot of literature about these animals, both popular and specialized.

Maybe separate pages about them will appear here later. Since ancient times people have revered and feared Wolf , they called him the elder brother, they scared children with him, they made up legends and retellings about him. The wolf genus itself is quite extensive, including coyotes and jackals, but it is wolves

became the direct and closest ancestors of the domestic dog. Wolf - enough large predator

from a family of mammals that used to be found almost everywhere in Russia and the CIS. But due to a number of problems caused by technological progress, the habitat of these animals has narrowed significantly in recent decades. The name itself " wolf "comes from the ancient Slavic language, has ancient Indo-European roots and literally means " drag

" or "drag." It turns out that Wolf family

quite extensive - there are about 32 different subspecies of wolves, but only six main ones are found on the territory of Russia - tundra, Central Russian forest, Mongolian, Caucasian, Siberian and steppe.

What do wolves eat Basic Wolf's diet are ungulates depending on their habitat. It can be reindeer , horses, roe deer, pigs,, goats, both wild and domesticated.

In desert regions, Wolves hunt antelope and sheep. Due to the expansion human activity and the introduction of man into natural environment In the habitat of wolves, predator attacks on livestock farms occur.

But wolf population constantly decreasing due to lack of food and constant hunting for them. During difficult periods, Wolves can feed on frogs, lizards and even large insects. They sometimes eat berries, mushrooms and fruits, and to quench their thirst they can plunder a watermelon or melon planting.

Where does the Wolf live?

Wolves prefer wooded areas and choose flat or mountainous areas with sparse vegetation and a temperate climate for housing.

Pack of Wolves usually occupies an area of ​​30 to 60 km and prefers a sedentary way of existence. But in the spring-summer period, this area is divided into fragments in accordance with the hierarchy of the pack: the best goes to the strongest Wolves.

Wolves can also be found in the north in the taiga and tundra near human settlements.

Wolves are smart and they understand that where there is a person, you can always profit from something. And although they do harm agriculture, but, on the other hand, they also regulate the balance of the ecosystem, controlling the number of animals and acting as forest orderlies.

Are Wolves Dangerous to Humans?

Scientists have come to the conclusion that the Wolf will not just attack a person, since he has an instinct of self-preservation. But sometimes there are sad cases of attacks by animals suffering from rabies. Or if there is a severe shortage of food.

Wolves breeding

Mating season for wolves lasts from January to April. Wolves are monogamous and lead family image life, the couple stays together until one of the partners dies.

Before the onset of estrus, the she-wolf does not accept the sexual advances of the male. Brutal fights for the attention of females, often with fatal, are absolutely normal among Wolves.

She-wolves reach sexual maturity in the second year of life, and Wolves - at 3 years.

Wolves have only 1 estrus per year, so that the cubs are born in the warm spring, when there is enough food around.

Wolf couple First, he takes care of a safe shelter for future offspring. These can be either various secluded places, or other people's burrows of badgers or arctic foxes; they rarely dig their own burrows.

Only the She-Wolf uses the lair; she is also involved in raising small wolf cubs, which at first resemble the puppies of an ordinary dog. Usually, the She-Wolf gives birth to from 3 to 13 wolf cubs, and the whole pack helps to feed them.

But despite close care from parents and other Wolves, in the first year of life only 20-40% of wolf cubs survive. This is due to disease, lack of food and competition within the family, when stronger puppies receive more food, and weaker ones gradually die.

Wolves have a rather interesting voice, which has much greater capabilities than other animals. Wolves don't just howl They are also believed to be able to grumble, whine, squeal, yelp, bark and growl. Moreover, they are fully aware of these sounds and understand the information voiced by their fellow tribesmen. This helps to find out where prey is hiding, where to go hunting, and even report the appearance of people. And the collective wolf howl is distinctive feature active social life.

By the way, The wolves can hear fellow tribesman and transmit messages from a distance of about 8 kilometers.

The Wolf has a very highly developed sense of smell, he distinguishes odors 100 times better than a person, so scent plays one of the main roles in the wolf family.

Wolves are strong and hardy animals that can cover a distance of up to 80 km, and if necessary develop speed 60 km/h, which is one of the important conditions for survival.

In nature Wolves survive up to 15 years, but already at 10-12 years old they show signs of old age.

The wolf also symbolizes devotion and loyalty in the family; it is associated with many heroes folk tales and epics of the ancient cultures of the peoples of the North, where he personifies strength and courage. But sometimes he is perceived as an evil and negative character who is greedy and greedy, and sometimes serves dark forces.

List of forest animals (let's play with animals depending on the age of the child. For younger children, a couple of basic animals are enough, such as fox, wolf, hedgehog, bear, hare):

Squirrel
Chipmunk
Wolf
Raccoon
Hedgehog
Hare
Bison
Boar
Marten
Fox
Elk
Bear
Mouse
Deer
Lynx
Sable

When night falls, a badger emerges from its underground home. First, his long narrow muzzle is shown. The badger sniffs with its sensitive nose: is everything okay, are there any uninvited guests nearby?
The animal's head is light, with dark stripes from the eyes to small round ears.
And so the badger crawled out of the hole and hurried in search of prey...
Its body is covered with dense fur. Narrow at the front, it widens towards the tail, resembling a wedge in shape - this is when you look at it from above. The paws are strong, but short, with strong, large claws.
But then the badger began to dig up the ground. This is where his strong clawed paws came in handy... Probably now he hunts for beetles or earthworms. Maybe decided to feast on the larvae of earth wasps or the honey of a bumblebee nest.
Winter is coming and the badger must have time to accumulate fat before the cold weather. Sometimes he almost doubles his weight by winter! He simply needs these fat reserves. After all, he will sleep in his deep hole all winter.
The badger's hole is large. There are many “rooms”, corridors and emergency exits. There are also “multi-story” holes. Only the “floors” go deep into the ground.
The badger is a neat and clean animal. He regularly removes bedding from the hole - dry leaves, grass, moss. And all this is carefully ventilated and dried in the sun.
In a clean, dry and warm hole, badger pups are born - blind and helpless. Mom warms them and feeds them milk. And he takes it out into the sun to “sunbathe”. This is useful for all kids.

Squirrel

Probably many have seen a squirrel - red animal with a large fluffy tail. The squirrel boldly jumps from branch to branch, from one tree to another. If she is not offended, this cheerful animal is not afraid of humans.
A squirrel living in a city park can take a treat directly from the palm extended to it. Grabs a nut - and sharp teeth quickly - he will quickly chew it up and take out a tasty grain.
The squirrel loves nuts and seeds of pine and spruce cones. She deftly guts the cone, takes out the seeds from it - and soon all that remains from the cone is a heap of scales.
Squirrel likes mushrooms! She even has them for the winter prepares. Strings mushrooms on twigs and twigs of trees and dries them, just like caring housewife. In winter, when it is cold and hungry, mushrooms will be very useful to her.
The squirrel eats snails and insects. The chicks' parents fly off to get food, and the squirrel is right there: choosing an egg for lunch.
Little squirrel is a big badass. She boldly occupies someone else's home - the nest of a crow or magpie. But often squirrels build their own nests from twigs and twigs.
All cracks are carefully plugged with moss and grass. If you find a scrap of paper or wool, it will go into use. The nest is cozy and warm - it is round, like a ball.
The squirrel has several nest-houses. One nest is the bedroom. Another is for little squirrels. And there are nests where you can wait out bad weather or hide from enemies. Squirrels love to travel, and a spare nest doesn't hurt.
In winter, in bitter frosts, several squirrels can sleep in one nest at once. They will plug the entrance to the nest with moss, snuggle up to each other with fluffy fur coats - it’s warm and no frost is scary! True, in extreme cold, squirrels prefer to sit in their nests - houses.
Why does a squirrel need such a big fluffy tail? An excellent jumper, she uses her tail as a rudder during long jumps. The tail helps her maintain her balance.
But the champion in jumping among squirrels is considered flying squirrel. The flying squirrel has a special membrane between its front and hind legs. Jumping, she spreads her legs wide, the membrane stretches, and it seems that the squirrel has wings.
The flying squirrel jumps very far, its jump resembles flight. During such a jump-flight, it can even turn in different directions.
Squirrels have two coats: summer and winter. In winter, the fur coat is red and fluffy - very warm. And in the summer it’s easier.

Chipmunk

The chipmunk is an animal with a long fluffy tail that resembles a squirrel. And this is not surprising: the squirrel, like the gopher, is a relative of the chipmunk.
At the chipmunk's A reddish-gray coat with thick and warm fur, decorated with black stripes. But these stripes are not the same as those of a zebra or a tiger. They are located along, not across the body. On the curious face of the chipmunk, light antennae bristle.
This The agile, fast animal jumps, climbs trees well, and runs deftly on the ground. Fallen trees, thickets, and bushes are no obstacle to him; the chipmunk will find his way everywhere.
Chipmunks live in forests. There are especially many of these agile animals where cedars grow, because Pine nuts are the chipmunk's favorite food. All day long, from morning to evening, the chipmunk is in trouble. He not only feeds, but also makes supplies for the winter.
Chipmunk looking for food runs long distances. But how do you get nuts or acorns to the pantry? The chipmunk has no pockets, but there are roomy ones cheek pouches. He will stuff them so that his cheeks will swell - and go home!
The chipmunk makes its shelter under the roots of trees, in the voids between stones. It can also take up a hollow in a tree. But most often the chipmunk's home is an underground hole.
There are several “rooms” in it: there is a warm bedroom, next to it there is a pantry with supplies. There is even a toilet... The animal is very clean. In winter, the chipmunk sleeps, but not as soundly as the bear. If you get hungry, go to the pantry.
And there all the supplies are laid out in piles. Here are mushrooms, here are berries, and here are nuts. Everything is dried, everything is safe and sound.
There are plenty of supplies in the pantry. Enough for the whole winter, there will still be some left for spring!

became the direct and closest ancestors of the domestic dog.

The gray wolf is the hero of many fairy tales. In them he is most often called the “gray robber”.
A long time ago, man managed to tame this formidable and dangerous beast. From gray wolf All dogs trace their ancestry; some of their breeds are similar to him. Especially German Shepherds.
A wolf is larger than a dog and he never curls his tail into a ring. Wolf fur is warm, thick, gray or reddish-brown in color.
Unlike dogs, the wolf does not bark, but growls or howls. Wolf howl- drawn-out, alarming. You feel uneasy when you hear it in the evening twilight.
This is how wolves “talk” and communicate with each other. And they mark their hunting territories. The wolf is smart, brave and strong beast. He runs fast and swims well. When hunting, it makes long trips.
Wolves often hunt in packs. Some animals drive prey, while others wait for it in ambush. To get to the sheep or calf, the wolf manages to dig a hole under the barn. It will also fit through a hole in the roof.
Surprisingly, the wolf never hunts near the place where it lives. He can make his lair near a village, even a farm where animals are kept, but he will not give himself away in any way, and will go far for prey.
Wolves - caring parents. Wolf puppies are born blind and deaf. The she-wolf feeds them with milk, and in case of danger, moves them to a new place.
Wolf holes can be found in thickets of bushes, in ravines, under the roots of fallen trees. Parents bring live prey to grown wolf cubs. The wolf cubs play with her and learn to hunt.
Yes, wolves - predators, their fair called "forest orderlies". There are no “bad” and “good” animals in nature. All of them are our neighbors on planet Earth.

Raccoon

The raccoon is a very interesting animal. Its size resembles a small dog. A raccoon's fur is thick, fluffy and long.
The curious face has a black stripe across the eyes. It's like a raccoon is wearing a carnival mask. The long fluffy tail is also decorated with dark stripes.
The raccoon has tenacious paws. They help the animal deftly climb trees and climb into hollows. Sometimes you can see a raccoon moving along a branch, like a sloth: hanging with its back down.
The raccoon is not afraid of water and swims well. Often during low tide it goes far into the sea in search of crayfish and crabs. And, of course, he never misses an opportunity to fish.
The most famous raccoon is gargle. Its front legs are very dexterous and sensitive. With them he catches prey in a river or swamp. And before eating any food, rinse it in water. It was for this strange habit among animals that he received his nickname.
It happens that a raccoon dips and rinses its cubs in water. Such water procedures are not always beneficial for them.
Raccoons are very curious. They often enter villages and even cities. They make their den in sheds, barns, under the house or in the hayloft. And in search of food they can climb anywhere.
Cunning raccoons have learned to beg for treats on roadsides. And people do not refuse these cute furry beggars.
Typically, raccoons prefer to live alone. But where there is plenty of food, you can find real flocks of raccoons. Animals raid both fields with crops and vegetable gardens.
But then the cold weather came and the raccoons disappeared. No, they didn't go to warmer climes, A They climbed into hollows or holes and slept: waiting for spring to come. Sometimes raccoons can spend the winter in one hole as a whole friendly family.
Babies are born in the spring. They are small and blind. Babies grow up from mother's milk. Two months will pass, and the young raccoons will dare to leave the hole. They will learn to take care of themselves and find food. But they will stay with their parents for another year.
Raccoons are smart animals. They are well trained and even perform in the circus. They also live in zoos.

Hedgehog

Kolobok is a prickly side. Who is it? That's right, hedgehog. It has many prickly, sharp needles on its back. Why does a hedgehog need this? prickly coat? With them he protects himself from enemies. In case of danger, it curls up into a ball: there are few people who want to prick their nose or paw.
But then the danger passed, the prickly bun turned around, and a narrow muzzle with a black nose and shiny beady eyes appeared. Paws with claws are visible, and if you look closely, you can see ears. The hedgehog snorts, puffs, hurries: it’s time for him to have lunch.
During the day, hedgehogs sleep, crawling into a hole or hiding in dense bushes. And they go out in search of prey in the evening. They will not be afraid to attack poisonous snake viper. The hedgehog runs around the snake, exposing its thorns. And at the right moment he will grab it with his sharp teeth.
Hedgehogs often make their home next to humans. After all, people will pour you milk and treat you to something tasty. Or maybe hedgehogs are attracted to barns and barns where mice live.
In the fall, the hedgehog begins to prepare for winter. He eats a lot and accumulates fat reserves for hibernation. It digs a hole for itself under the roots of trees, under a stump or a heap of branches. The hedgehog drags dry leaves, grass, moss into the hole and goes to bed until spring.
And in the spring, hedgehogs are born - blind, deaf and without teeth. Their needles are soft, like fur. But a little time will pass, the babies’ eyes will open, hearing will appear, and teeth will grow.
The hedgehog's mother feeds the hedgehog with milk. And when he leaves on business, he wraps the children in leaves, grass, moss - as if wrapping him in a blanket.
The hedgehogs will grow up and begin to leave their house. At first they don’t leave their mother’s side - it’s safer with her! But very soon they will become independent, and next year they will become completely adults.
Hedgehogs bring benefits to humans. They destroy harmful insects and hunt mice. Some people try to keep hedgehogs at home. But it will be better if the prickly bun remains in the wild.

Hare

“The little coward, the little gray bunny, was jumping under the Christmas tree...” Everyone knows this New Year’s song. Let's get acquainted with the long-eared hero of the song.
The hare's large ears are sensitive to the slightest sound. The little bunny is hiding in the grass, you won’t even notice him.
If the animal approaches him, the hare will quickly jump to the side. And now he is already rushing with big leaps - try to catch up!
The hare has long and strong hind legs. When he runs, his hind legs extend further forward than his front legs. He pushes off the ground with force and jumps several meters.
"Slant" the hare was nicknamed because he big eyes located on the sides of the head. And he sees not only in front of him, but also what is happening on the sides and even behind. And he sees from above!
A enemies the hare has enough. These are wolves and foxes, and predator birds. Therefore, the main task for the long-eared one is to hide, to become almost invisible.
The snowshoe hare changes its gray coat to white in winter. It’s not easy to notice him now among the snowdrifts. And the brown hare - it is found in fields and steppes - wears one fur coat all year round. By winter it also brightens, but not as much as the white hare.
In fairy tales the hare - coward. But not a fairy-tale hare - a smart animal. It can throw off the scent not only a fox, but also a hunter.
The hare gallops, leaving a chain of tracks. Suddenly he will stop, return back - in his own footsteps, and even jump far to the side. There are a lot of tracks, but there is no hare - it’s gone! Where to look for him now?
During the day, the hare lies down in dense grass or bushes. In winter it lies directly on the snow. And in the evening or in the pre-dawn hours it feeds. The hare eats grass various plants, gnawing on twigs. In winter, it gnaws bark from trees. And he often visits gardens and vegetable gardens.
Hares do not live in packs. Only in the spring do they gather somewhere in a clearing. They play, jump, catch up with each other. Or they drum on the stump with their paws - they show that they are the bravest and bravest here!
The mother hare feeds the bunnies with rich milk. He will feed and go about his business. And the bunnies will hide, their ears will be pressed down - you won’t even see them. If the mother stays late at work, another hare can feed them.
The bunnies grow quickly and will soon become independent.

Bison

The bison is the largest of the wild bulls. Him long thick hair on the high nape, on the shoulders. And the fur on the chest and neck resembles a shaggy beard. The bison exudes strength and power.
But, despite the powerful physique, The bison easily and quickly moves through the forest and through deep snow. A wide ditch or a high hedge is not a barrier for him. The bison will deftly jump over an obstacle.
European bison - close relative American bison and very similar to him. The huge bison feeds on grass, branches and shoots of bushes, and gnaws on the bark of trees. Can also eat mushrooms.
Bison graze in the morning and evening. During the day they lie down and chew cud.
Bison live in groups. They have a good sense of smell, but their hearing and vision are worse. When meeting a person, bison line up in a semi-circle and look to see who is approaching them. It's like preparing for an attack.
But in fact, bison are cautious animals. They are the first to try to hide in the forest thickets. But if a bison is wounded, protects a baby, or has nowhere to go, it attacks. The blows of the sharp curved horns do not bode well for the attacker.
When it comes time to start a family, bison sometimes fight among themselves. But most often, strong animals only demonstrate threatening poses to each other.
When a baby is born, it quickly gets to its feet and runs after its mother. She takes care of him: feeds the calf with milk, protects him from troubles.
The fate of the bison is sad. Once upon a time, numerous herds lived in forests and mountains. But in the end there were almost none left.
Today, bison hunting is strictly prohibited.

Boar

The boar has a powerful body covered with thick, stiff bristles. The male's muzzle is decorated with large, sharp fangs. Impact boar tusks Even wolves and tigers are afraid.
The strong and formidable boar is the ancestor of domestic pigs. This happened a very, very long time ago. It is believed that the first domestic animal was a dog, and the second was a wild pig, which over time turned into the well-known sow.
It was not easy to domesticate a boar. Calm in appearance, even lazy, in a moment of danger he becomes a ferocious and dangerous beast.
Swims great. Even wide rivers are not a barrier for him. A boar can run fast. His hooves are designed in such a way that, without falling through or getting bogged down, he calmly crosses swampy areas.
The boar loves to swim in a hole filled with water and liquid mud. Just like a domestic pig. But he's not dirty. He simply escapes the heat and the insects that have settled in his stiff stubble.
Closer to winter, the boar develops a warm and thick undercoat. And fat accumulates under the skin. And in winter it doesn’t freeze. But when there is a lot of snow, it is difficult for him. It’s not easy to walk through deep snow, and even dig out food from under it.
The boar eats almost everything that can be found in the forest: acorns, nuts, seeds, roots and tubers of plants, berries, mushrooms, fruits of wild apple and pear trees.
Often, wild boars visit fields and vegetable gardens, where they dig up potatoes, turnips, beets... Of course, people don’t like it when crops go to waste.
Wild boars live in small groups. Piglets are born in a secluded place, in a den. It is drowned in grass, moss, and branches.
The kids lie, huddled closely together, warming themselves. Their backs are decorated with light stripes. This coloring makes piglets, small boars, invisible among dense thickets, spots of bright light and shadow.
Grown-up piglets follow their mother, learn to dig the ground, and get food on their own.

Marten

The marten is a dexterous, beautiful and predatory animal. The body is slender, flexible and strong. The fur coat is fluffy, warm, thick. There is a decoration on the throat and chest - a yellow or orange-tinged spot. And the paws have strong, sharp claws. They do not hide, like a cat’s, in soft pads on their paws.
The badger, a close relative of the marten, sleeps sweetly in its hole in winter. And the marten hunts both in winter and in summer. To prevent the paws from freezing in winter, dense short fur grows on the pads: the marten seems to be wearing socks.
The marten sleeps all day, only at nightfall it comes out in search of prey. The marten is a dexterous and lucky animal. Here is a nimble predator flashing among the branches, jumping from tree to tree: this animal is walking around its hunting grounds.
She will definitely look into all the hollows, check nests hidden in dense branches: looking for sleeping birds or squirrels. This is her prey. And often remains on nap in an empty squirrel's nest...
The marten hunts not only above, in the trees, but also on the ground. Here she attacks hares, hazel grouse and big birds- black grouse. If the hunt was successful, the marten will hide the remains of the prey somewhere in a secluded place - in reserve.
Marten can be found not only in the forest.
In the spring, the marten gives birth to babies. They are still blind and defenseless. The mother feeds them milk, and when the cubs grow up, she brings other food.
The marten is famous for its wonderful fur. Light, warm, beautiful. And today they are specially bred on fur farms.

Fox

Lisa is a real beauty. She has a warm red fur coat. Narrow, curious muzzle. Her ears and paws are black. But the fox is proud of his tail - big, fluffy.
The tail is also red in color, and the tip can be dark or white. When a fox runs or jumps, its tail helps it maintain its balance.
The fox is truly a smart, observant, dexterous and cunning animal. The red-haired “cheat” prefers to live not in a dense forest, but closer to the edge. Or where there are fields, ravines, small copses.
Often a fox lives next to a person - not far from a village or even a city. In order to avoid being seen by humans or relatives - dogs, both dexterity and cunning are required.
An observant fox knows: when a dog sits on a chain, you don’t have to be afraid of it. Let him lie to himself! And she minds her own business. The fox may not pay attention to people working in the field: they have no time for her.
But if she is in danger, the fox, almost stretched out running above the ground, stretching out its fluffy tail, quickly runs away. Catch the fox! Hold it! And there was no trace of her!
Sometimes hunters look for a cheat in forest thickets, along ravines, and it will run into a field sown with tall wheat or oats and hide. Very close to the village where the grief hunters live.
Some are sure that the only thing the fox does is steal chickens. Of course, a fox will not refuse chicken, but this does not happen very often. The fox's main food is mice.
The fox also hunts hares, catches birds, and destroys their nests. Will not refuse beetles and other insects. Will happily swallow a frog, lizard or snake.
The fox loves to eat berries, fruits, and some plants. Patrekeevna has a rich menu.
The fox has good hearing and sense of smell. In winter, the fox “mouses”: it runs across a snow-covered field and listens for a mouse to squeak under the snow. If he hears, he will dig up and grab the prey.
Sometimes he gets so carried away by his prey that he can let him get close to him: the fox’s eyesight is not so good.
A fox digs a hole to breed. But she doesn’t want to work herself, and she often takes over other people’s holes. But he will definitely make several emergency exits: something that never happens in life!
Fox cubs are born blind, deaf and toothless. The fox feeds them with milk. And soon the foxes both see and hear. And their teeth are cutting through.
Grown-up fox cubs do not sit in the hole for a long time. They are interested in exploring the world. But as soon as the fox barks, the fox cubs quickly hide in the hole. Or they run to mom.
Foxes do not gather in packs; they prefer to live alone.

Elk

Giants live in our forests - not fairy-tale ones, but real, forest giants. These are moose. Some may say that they are not as beautiful as red deer.
The moose has a large hooked head. The upper thick lip is longer than the lower one. The body is massive, with a hump-like nape.
In the entire appearance of the forest giant one can feel power and strength. Long ears sensitively pick up the slightest sound. Warm thick wool protects the animal from frost.
The legs of an elk are long, with wide hooves. They allow you to walk through deep snow and swamps.
Moose also run fast. And not only in open, flat places, but also through forest thickets, along hillocks and bogs.
If you come across a river, the elk will easily swim across it. And he can even dive under water for a minute.
The elk also has a decoration - large wide antlers. And so that they do not interfere with running through the forest thickets, the elk raises its head, as if placing its horns on its back.
True, in winter the elk sheds its decoration. Never mind, something new will grow in the summer!
Sometimes the moose is called " forest tramp". Yes, moose love to travel. It happens that they wander into parks, and even onto city streets. In winter, of course, moose travel less.
On a hot day, moose love to go into the water: it’s cool and provides relief from mosquitoes and midges.
Moose are strong and brave. Strong horns and a blow with a hoof will stop an enemy - a wolf or a bear.
Babies are born in the spring. Mother moose gently licks her calf and feeds him milk.
Everyone who goes to the forest knows that if a moose mother is walking with a calf, it is better not to approach them! And in case of danger, the elk calf will lie low and hide. If you walk nearby, you won’t notice.
Surprisingly forest giants can be tamed! On moose farms Moose cows are milked like cows.
Their milk is very healthy and can be used to treat some diseases. Moose do not live on the farm; they come to people based on a special signal.
These amazing giants live in our forests.

Bear

The bear lives in the forest, he is big and strong. Thick warm fur coat of dark brown, brown color. He is the hero of many fairy tales, in which he is called either Mikhail Ivanovich, or Toptygin, or Clubfoot. Many children's favorite toy is a teddy bear.
The big bear seems clumsy and clubfooted. But this is not true at all. Brown bear- a strong and very dexterous animal. He can run quickly, almost silently, climb trees and even swim beautifully.
The bear has a famous sweet tooth. It is not for nothing that many people believe that the word “bear” means “knows where the honey is.” The bear also loves berries, nuts, fruits and insects. When oats ripen, the bear often comes to the fields to eat the ripe grains.
Bears are avid fishermen. But they catch fish not with a fishing rod, but with their paws. Their paws are wide and have large curved claws. And although the bear looks good-natured, it dangerous beast and looks a little like a plush toy.
They say that when a bear sleeps in a den, it sucks its paw. Perhaps the bear warms its paws with its breath, but it does not suck them. The den - the bear's winter home - can be under the roots of a fallen tree or in a large pile of brushwood.
But sometimes the bear digs its own hole. The den will be covered on top fluffy snow, there will only be a small hole left, the “head”, for air.
In the middle of winter, cubs are born in a den - small, blind. The bear feeds them milk. In the spring they emerge from the den. In addition to the she-bear, their older sister looks after the babies. She's already a year old. Such a bear-nanny is called a pestun.
The cubs are happy funny Games. They tumble, catch up with each other, climb trees. This is how they prepare for independent life. Bears often perform in the circus arena.

Mouse

Little gray mice are the heroes of many fairy tales. They write poems and make cartoons about them. And someone is afraid of mice...
Mice are small animals. They have shiny black beady eyes. The coat is gray, the fur on the belly is lighter. The tail is long, almost bare. It is covered with sparse short hairs. Paws with tenacious fingers and claws.
It is interesting to watch how the mouse washes itself with its two front paws. Mice have a good sense of smell and hearing.
Mice often settle in human dwellings, barns, and farms. House mouse capable of slipping into any crack.
She makes a nest for herself both under the floor and in the attic or other secluded place. Of course, people don't like this kind of neighborhood. After all, mice gnaw on everything they consider edible. And not just bread crusts, cereals, cheese or vegetable supplies.
Mice can ruin shoes, clothes, books and more. They are carriers of dangerous diseases. Cats, owls, and hedgehogs help people fight mice.
In the warm season, mice often appear in gardens, orchards and fields, where they make shallow burrows. And with the onset of frost they move “under the roof” again.
House mice are used for scientific experiments and experiments.
There are special breeds of these animals bred by humans, for example white mice.
A small mouse, unlike a house mouse, lives in a field, on a green meadow, in a forest. The house mouse is a giant in comparison. In winter it hides in holes, and in summer it builds itself a home - a grass ball. It is fixed high above the ground - on the stems of plants, on the branches of bushes. Sometimes just on the ground. But it is difficult to see the house among the dense vegetation.
In this ball house, tiny mice are born. Every time the mother mouse goes out on business, she carefully closes the entrance to the nest. Funny and amazing little mice are sometimes specially kept at home, like hamsters or guinea pigs.

Deer

There are many different deer living on Earth. There are small ones, slightly larger than cats. And there are giants - moose. But they are all very beautiful, each in their own way.
The red deer is not only a beautiful, but a strong and large animal. The name “noble” itself suits this deer very well.
A head held high is decorated branched horns. The number of processes - “twigs” - can be so large that deer antlers are sometimes compared to a crown.
Only males have horns. Every year they shed them, but new ones grow, just as beautiful and powerful.
The deer has high, slender legs. The elongated head has large round eyes. The deer sees well everything that is happening around. Movable ears catch the slightest rustle. The deer's sense of smell is also excellent.
The habitats of the red deer are forests, mountain slopes, thickets of bushes, and clearings with tall, dense grass.
Deer live in small herds. In summer, especially in hot weather, take water procedures. This way they escape both the heat and the annoying midges.
Like all deer, red deer always visit salt licks to lick the salt.
The main enemy is the wolf. Deer defend themselves with blows from strong hooves and sharp antlers. A wolf cannot cope with a healthy, strong deer.
Autumn is the time for weddings for deer. Male red deer roar at dawn. This deer “song,” which sometimes resembles a heavy sigh, sometimes a drawn-out moo, or the sound of a trumpet, can be heard for many kilometers.
Red deer's babies - fawns - are born in spotted plumage. Adult deer no longer have spots.
Sika deer are smaller than red deer. But this is one of the most beautiful deer. His summer “clothes” are full of bright light spots.
But in winter they are little noticeable. Or there are none at all. This coloring helps to camouflage.
When a baby is born, at first he lies hidden in the grass. And the mother grazes nearby so as not to attract the attention of predators to the baby.
Many have a light spot near the tail. It is like a beacon - a guide so as not to get lost and not to fall behind. And also the mother deer and the fawn “talk” - bleat.
The valuable medicine “pantocrine” is made from deer antlers - antlers. Nowadays, hunting sika deer is prohibited.

Lynx

Lynx is very similar to a cat. Only a big one. And she lives in the forest. She has large, strong paws - furry and wide. These paws are good for walking on loose, deep snow.
The lynx's head is decorated with sideburns, and the tips of its ears are decorated with tassels. But her tail is short, as if chopped off. She is dressed in a warm fur coat of yellow-red color. And there are dark spots on the sides, back and paws.
The lynx is a strong, dexterous and cunning animal. She climbs trees and rocks very well. And, unlike a domestic cat, it is not afraid of water. If necessary, he will swim across a wide river. In search of prey, she sometimes has to travel far.
The lynx is a skilled hunter. She can patiently wait for her prey in ambush on a forest path. It creeps up silently and quickly jumps. If the prey runs away, the lynx pursues it. It happens for many hours and even days on end...
The lynx hunts fast-footed hares, forest birds, and attacks deer and roe deer. Sometimes it enters villages and towns. And then dogs and cats become her prey.
Many hunters do not like the lynx, considering it a robber. Often the cunning lynx will check all their traps and traps before the hunters. And, of course, he will not miss the opportunity to profit from someone else’s prey. And loose deep snow, in which other animals can easily get stuck, is not a barrier for her.
Shelters include holes under tree roots, caves, or a crevice in a rock. She also occupies other people's holes. The main thing is that the place is secluded and no one can disturb her.
Babies are born blind, wearing a fluffy fur coat. Only after a few days will their eyes open. Lynx cubs are raised by both parents. And when the kids grow up, they take part in the hunt together with adults.

Sable

The sable is a dexterous, beautiful and fast animal. He loves to live where there are a lot of fallen trees, snags, and thickets.
The sable has a flexible, strong body, a small fluffy tail, wide paws with sharp claws. On the head with a narrow muzzle there are small, almost round ears. Sable is famous for its fur coat.
Sable fur is very beautiful. It is thick, fluffy, tender and warm. The color is black-brown, but it can also be light brown. And on the throat and chest of the animal there is a noticeable yellowish spot. In winter the fur is especially lush, and in summer the sable looks thinner and longer.
For housing, the sable chooses hollows not very high above the ground. Or he makes a shelter in an old stump, under a snag. He climbs trees very well and jumps from branch to branch. But more often he runs on the ground.
In winter, the sable prefers to move, traveling along the top. Here is a sable running along the trunks of fallen trees, along snags and branches... And suddenly it dives into a snowdrift! And there, under the snow, he continues his journey. You can find shelter from enemies and loot. For example, wood grouse or black grouse, they also hide in the snow from frost and bad weather.
It happens that a capercaillie takes off, and the sable that clings to it rises into the sky with it.
The sable hunts both day and night. Each animal has its own territory, which it defends and drives away all rivals from there. Sometimes it comes to a brutal fight.
The badger, a relative of the sable, sleeps in winter. But sable doesn’t. If a blizzard rages, he sits in his shelter. When the bad weather subsides, he goes fishing. But he tries not to go far from home.
In the spring, babies appear. They are tiny and defenseless. Their eyes open only after a month. The female feeds them milk, and the sable - the father brings food. The sables grow up and by autumn begin an independent life.
Russia has long been famous for sables. In the old days, Russian tsars presented sable skins to honored overseas guests and sent fur gifts to the rulers of other countries. Warm, light, beautiful sable fur has always been highly valued. But hunting has reduced the number of these animals. And now the sables have to be protected.

Thank you for the information to the site “Wonderful Country”