Specially protected areas of Africa presentation. Presentation national parks and reserves of Africa - presentation

National parks and reserves of Africa. Completed by students of grade 7 "A"

1. Using physical and climate map Africa, determine what is the reason for the absence of humid zones equatorial forests in the east of the continent: 1. Relief features 2. Insufficient precipitation 3. Influence of currents Indian Ocean. 4.Direction prevailing winds. Features of the relief. 2. Which inhabitants natural areas is a cheetah? Desert savanna tropical desert. Checking Homework.

1. Where do pygmies live? In forests central Africa. 2. The subsoil of which part of Africa is rich in gold, platinum and diamonds? Bosom South Africa. 3.Where do lemurs live? In Madagascar 4.What are moist multi-story forests called? Hylaea. 5.Where does the date palm grow? In the oases of the Sahara Desert. 6.Where do olive groves grow? In the subtropics northern Africa. Warm up!

Blitz survey. Blitz survey.

1. Guess how many kilograms of meat an adult lion can eat in a day? 30-40kg. 2.What is the fastest animal in the world? Cheetah. 3.Who, after the chicks hatch from ostrich egg takes care of them? Male. 4.Name at least one nature reserve or park in Africa? Virunga, Tenere, Air, Kilimanjaro. 5.Where do turtles lay their eggs? Into the sand (on land) 6.Who did the ancient Romans consider to be the embodiment of the souls of the dead? Lemurov. Questions and answers!

Easier questions.

Kata-... Lemur Ostap Bender's vehicle -... "Wildebeest" Gazelle-... Car and animal. Real... Crocodile. The mane of ... a lion What is another name for a black panther. Nile Leopard...Crocodile Tarpan Horse Kakapo -...Parrot Tarantula-...Spider Try to guess!

Striped like a zebra, And cowardly like a hare. I don’t attack animals, I only eat carrion. HYENA And I look like a mattress, a watermelon and a tiger too. But after thinking about it, guess why we are all so similar? ZEBRA Riddles!

I am different from the red “Europeans” with my ears, but I am a beautiful predator! I hunt amazingly! FENEK I - evergreen tree. My fruits are inedible, But I can give shoes to the entire population. CORK OAK

Human influence on the nature of Africa

A sharp reduction in the area of ​​forests in the equatorial climate zone as a result of human activity (uprooting and burning for pastures and arable land) has led to the fact that savannas have now formed in their place. Due to improper management Agriculture Over the course of many centuries, savannas give way to deserts. Thus, over the past half century, the Sahara has moved significantly south and increased its area by 650 thousand km2 Human influence on nature

National Park Virunga. Virunga is one of the oldest national parks Africa. It is located in the northeast Democratic Republic Congo. Virunga National Park was officially established in 1929. It was then called Albert and Kivu National Park. In 1969, a separate Virunga National Park was separated from the single Albert and Kivu conservation area.

The Air and Tenere Nature Reserve is located on the southern border of the Sahara Desert. Its area is 77,000 sq. km. The reserve was founded in 1988. Immediately, about 15% of its territory was allocated as a special reserve with a strict protection regime to protect the addax antelope. In 1991, the reserve was included in the list of World Natural and cultural heritage UNESCO. Air and Tenere Nature Reserve

Mount Kenya is the second highest African peak, after Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, with Batian Peak (5199 m). It is located in the center of the country, slightly below the equator. There are 11 glaciers on its snow-covered mountain peaks. Here, among the eternal snows and alpine meadows many rivers flow through, including the Tana River, which is the most big river in Kenya. Thanks to the fertile soils, intensive farming is carried out up to an altitude of 2000 meters. Then it begins cedar forest, in which olive trees, ferns, vines and mosses grow. At an altitude of 2500 meters, thickets of giant bamboo up to 12 meters high appear. And already at an altitude of 3200 m the vegetation becomes poorer and this is where the Mount Kenya National Park begins, with an area of ​​492 square meters. km. Animals in the national park include elephants, buffaloes, as well as lions and leopards, which live in the forest zone. Mount Kenya National Park

Volcanoes National Park is one of Rwanda's most famous attractions. The Volcanoes National Park area currently borders the Virunga National Park in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as several other protected areas. Rwanda Volcanic National Park

Interesting things about animals

This is the most fast beast on the ground. Neither a horse nor an antelope will overtake him: 112 km/h. This happens because he is the only one whose claws do not retract, which is why he runs like a sprinter, wearing “spikes.” The Cheetah is not a scavenger. He will never return to an uneaten victim. He eats only fresh meat. Cheetah, or hunting leopard (Acinonyx jubatus)

§ 29 p. 131 in writing in notebook No. 5.8 Homework.

Thank you for your attention

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A national park is an area where, for protection purposes, environment human activity is limited. Unlike nature reserves, where human activity is almost completely prohibited (hunting, tourism, etc. are prohibited), tourists are allowed into the territory of national parks, and economic activity is allowed on a limited scale. In the first half of the last century, in the 20-30s In East Africa, the first territories appeared that became nature reserves and protected states. In the mid-20th century, the number of such parks increased significantly, including the most famous National parks Tanzania and Kenya. The management of parks and reserves from the very beginning strongly encouraged tourist visits protected areas, trying to attract as much attention as possible from people, cultivating in them love and careful attitude to nature. But you should not imagine that the national parks and reserves of East Africa are large zoos or menageries with no cages. In a menagerie or zoo, animals depend completely on humans; there is captivity for the animals. In National Parks the opposite is true. Nature and its rules reign here. The beast is the master here, he can be hospitable or suspicious and distrustful. Therefore, when going on a safari to a national park, remember - you are a guest here! And behave respectfully towards the owners.

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Forming the border with Eastern Lesotho, the Drakensberg Mountains (the highest point is Mount Tkabana Ntlenyana, 3482 m) are a colossal basalt wall with a length of about 250 km, which is an excellent area for active rest and just amazing beautiful place. Most of the mountainous areas are occupied by national parks, of which the Royal Natal National Park is considered the most spectacular. The southern border of the park is formed by the so-called “Amphitheater” - stretching for 8 km. a cliff that has an absolutely fantastic view. The famous Tugela waterfall (948 m) of five cascades is also located nearby. Lake Santa Lucia and surrounding areas (275 thousand hectares) are included in the list World Heritage UNESCO, and Lake Sibaya is considered the largest natural freshwater lake in South Africa (area 77 sq. km.). At the same time, there are many nature reserves in the vicinity - Loteni, Heimville, Swamp, Giant Castle, Itala, Valley, Ndumo, Mkuzi, Wilderness, Royal National Park, etc. In the eastern part of the country, not far from the borders of Swaziland, they stretch for many kilometers beautiful reserves of Umfolozi (more than 50 thousand hectares) and Hluhluwe.

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Amlanga Rocks (one of the most fashionable resorts in South Africa) is home to the Shark Research Institute and the Hauan Conservation Forest, and the Umgeni River Bird Park is considered one of the best in the world. The North Western Province is famous for its beautiful natural conditions for active recreation and a rich wildlife, as well as many caves (most of which are of great interest from the point of view of studying the origins of man), clean lakes and streams. The national parks Pilanesberg, the nature reserves Medikve, Botsalano, Faan-Meintjies, the Wildlife Reproduction Center in Lichtenburg, the Reptile and Animal Park in Hartbeespoort - all this attracts many visitors. Port Elizabeth is home to the beautiful Aquarium, Elephant Park and Port Elizabeth Museum complex, as well as the Victorian quarters of the old city. The real pearls of the area are the “most English” city of South Africa - Grahamstown, the ecological reserve of Cape Recife and the Shamwari nature reserve with the only real traditional village of Kaya Lendaba in South Africa, as well as the Eddo Elephant National Park (Addo) - one of the main attractions of the whole country. In the Kalahari you can visit Augrabies National Park with its famous two-stage waterfall, as well as the beautiful Kalahari-Gemsbok National Park with an area of ​​2 million hectares.

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The Eastern Cape has many national parks and reserves of interest (Tsitsikamma, Naches Valley, Donkin, Mkambati, Mount Zebra National Park and Addo Elephant National Park). South of the Orange River lies the semi-desert Karoo plateau, famous for the Karoo National Park and the country's largest river port, East London. The City of East London Aquarium contains about four hundred various types maritime and freshwater fish, and the East London Museum is famous for the rare exhibits presented here. Also of interest are the Franci Pienaar Museum in Prince Albert, the Grote Kerk church (1886) and more than 200 historical monuments in Graff-Reinet, the Schreiner House Museum and the Tuishuise Hotel Museum in Cradock, the “ostrich capital” of Oudtshoorn, as well as the Gamka Mountain nature reserves, the sand dunes and forest of Alexandria, as well as the famous Cathedral of St. Michael and George (1824-1952 gg.) in Grahamstown, the picturesque Little Karoo plateau, the unique Kamkasloof valley, etc. Kruger National Park, located in the Eastern Transvaal - business card countries. Equal in area to a small state, this unique reserve is protected by animals and vegetable world savannas and semi-deserts of southern Africa - more than 50 species of fish, 114 species of reptiles, 507 species of birds and 147 species of mammals. Several equally original reserves are concentrated around it - Sabi Sand, Skukuza nursery, Manieleti Game, etc.

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Virunga National Park.

Virunga is one of the oldest national parks in Africa. It is located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Virunga National Park was officially established in 1929. It was then called Albert and Kivu National Park. In 1969, the separate Virunga National Park was separated from the single conservation area of ​​Albert and Kivu.

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Air and Tenere Nature Reserve The Air and Tenere Nature Reserve is located on the southern border of the Sahara Desert. Its area is 77,000 sq. km. The reserve was founded in 1988. Immediately, about 15% of its territory was allocated as a special reserve with a strict protection regime to protect the addax antelope. In 1991, the reserve was included in the list of UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites.

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Serengeti National Park Serengeti National Park is a 30,000 square kilometer area of ​​short grass hilly valleys in Tanzania and Kenya. They are covered with lush grass, which grows well on fertile soil of volcanic origin. The Serengeti is a paradise for animals that delights everyone who visits it.

Slide 9 Ishkel National Park First mentions of conservation status

Ishkel dates back to the 13th century, when the then ruling dynasty in the Arab Caliphate banned hunting in the vicinity of the lake. The national park within its current boundaries was founded in 1980. At the same time, the park was included in the UNESCO List of World Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites.

Slide 10 Nairobi National Park Just seven kilometers from the capital of Kenya, there is a small savannah with tall grass and rare spreading trees - Nairobi National Park, only 117 sq. km. This park was opened earlier than many similar parks in Kenya, in 1946. This is one of the few parks in the world where you can simultaneously enjoy the beauty of almost untouched wildlife and don't lose sight of the silhouette big city

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Masai Mara National Park Masai Mara National Park is the northern (Kenyan) part of the Serengeti plain with an area of ​​1510 square meters. km, located at an altitude of 1650 m. The climate here is mild and warm, and the landscapes are breathtaking. The Maasai Mara National Park is considered to be the most densely populated park in the world. In terms of the richness of flora and fauna, only the Serengeti and Ngorongoro can be compared with it.

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Mole National Park (Ghana) Mole National Park is located in the Northern region of the African state of Ghana. The Mola Nature Reserve, covering an area of ​​4,840 square kilometers, was founded in 1971. Its territory is home to 93 species of mammals, 9 species of amphibians and 33 species of reptiles. In addition, the park is home to more than 300 species of birds.

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Kilimanjaro National Park (Tanzania) Kilimanjaro National Park was founded in 1973 and now occupies 756 square meters. km. The base of the mountain is at an altitude of 1829 m above sea level, and the Kibo peak is at an altitude of 5895 m.

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Dzanga-Ndoki National Park Dzanga-Ndoki National Park is located 480 kilometers from Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic, in the southern point Central African Republic - between Cameroon and the Republic of Congo.

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Rwanda Volcanoes National Park Volcanoes National Park is one of the most famous attractions in Rwanda. The Volcanoes National Park area currently borders the Virunga National Park in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as several other protected areas.

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Kruger National Park (South Africa) Kruger National Park is the largest nature reserve in the South African region. In size it is comparable to the territory of Israel and Wales. Its area is 20,000 sq. km. The park extends 350 km from north to south and 60 km from east to west.

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1. Using the physical and climatic map of Africa, determine what is the reason for the absence of a zone of moist equatorial forests in the east of the continent: 1. Relief features 2. Insufficient rainfall 3. The influence of Indian Ocean currents. 4. Direction of prevailing winds. Features of the relief. 2. What natural zones does the cheetah inhabit? Desert savanna Tropical desert.

1. Where do pygmies live? In the forests of central Africa. 2. The subsoil of which part of Africa is rich in gold, platinum and diamonds? Subsoil of South Africa. 3. Where do lemurs live? In Madagascar 4. What are moist multi-story forests called? Hylaea. 5. Where does the date palm grow? In the oases of the Sahara Desert. 6. Where do olive groves grow? In the subtropics of northern Africa.

1. Guess how many kilograms of meat an adult lion can eat in a day? kg. 2. What is the fastest animal in the world? Cheetah. 3. After the chicks hatch from an ostrich egg, who takes care of them? Male. 4. Name at least one nature reserve or park in Africa? Virunga, Tenere, Air, Kilimanjaro. 5. Where do turtles lay their eggs? Into the sand (on land) 6. Who did the ancient Romans consider to be the embodiment of the souls of the dead? Lemurov.

A sharp reduction in the area of ​​forests in the equatorial climate zone as a result of human activity (uprooting and burning for pastures and arable land) has led to the fact that savannas have now formed in their place. Due to poor agricultural practices over many centuries, savannas are giving way to deserts. So over the past half century, the Sahara has moved significantly south and increased its area by 650 thousand km 2

Virunga is one of the oldest national parks in Africa. It is located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Virunga National Park was officially established in 1929. It was then called Albert and Kivu National Park. In 1969, a separate Virunga National Park was separated from the single Albert and Kivu conservation area.

The Air and Tenere Nature Reserve is located on the southern border of the Sahara Desert. Its area is sq. km. The reserve was founded in 1988. Immediately, about 15% of its territory was allocated as a special reserve with a strict protection regime to protect the addax antelope. In 1991, the reserve was included in the list of UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites.

Mount Kenya is the second highest African peak, after Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, with Batian Peak (5199 m). It is located in the center of the country, slightly below the equator. There are 11 glaciers on its snow-covered mountain peaks. Here, among the eternal snows and alpine meadows, many rivers flow, including the Tana River, which is the largest river in Kenya. Thanks to the fertile soils, intensive farming is carried out up to an altitude of 2000 meters. Then begins the cedar forest, in which olive trees, ferns, vines and mosses grow. At an altitude of 2500 meters, thickets of giant bamboo up to 12 meters high appear. And already at an altitude of 3200 m the vegetation becomes poorer and this is where the Mount Kenya National Park begins, with an area of ​​492 sq. km. Animals in the national park include elephants, buffaloes, as well as lions and leopards, which live in the forest zone.

Volcanoes National Park is one of Rwanda's most famous attractions. The Volcanoes National Park area currently borders the Virunga National Park in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as several other protected areas.

This is the fastest animal on Earth. Neither a horse nor an antelope will overtake him: 112 km/h. This happens because he is the only one whose claws do not retract, which is why he runs like a sprinter, wearing “spikes.” The Cheetah is not a scavenger. He will never return to an uneaten victim. He eats only fresh meat.

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The main attraction of Kenya is about 59 national parks and reserves, occupying a total of about 7.5% of the country's territory. Parks such as Tsavo, Sibilon, Mount Kenya, Masai Mara, Aberdare, Mount Elgon, Samburu, Amboseli and others are widely known far beyond the country's borders.

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Masai Mara National Park (area 320 km²) lies 275 km west of Nairobi, at an altitude of 1,650 m above sea level. His West Side borders the Serengeti National Park of Tanzania, so between July and September you can see the movement of huge masses of animals that migrate from the Serengeti in search of food. Here, in the savannah and dense thickets of acacia along the Mara River, almost all the animals that inhabit East Africa, including a population of unique black lions, and the Mara River itself is literally teeming with crocodiles and hippos.

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national reserve Amboseli (area 392 km²) is located at the foot of Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest peak. Amboseli was created to protect representatives of the "magnificent five" animals of Africa - leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, elephant and lion. This is exactly the place where everyone can get the most classic idea of ​​Africa.

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Mount Kenya National Park lies 150 km from Nairobi. The mountainous terrain of the park allows you to combine observation of animals, most of them rare mountain subspecies, with rock climbing and trekking. Below the alpine meadows, in dry sparse forests, you can find elephants, black rhinoceroses, Cape buffalo and antelope. The famous Safari Club and comfortable hotel rooms installed on stilts or treetops are also located here.

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Samburu National Park protects representatives desert flora and fauna. The Kakamega Forest Reserve is an area of ​​pristine tropical forest in the heart of the agricultural region in Western Kenya. It preserves relict tree species that are not found anywhere else in the country, as well as many wild animals, including one of the largest populations of primates in the country.

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Aberdaray National Park is one of the wettest places in the country. Here, on the slopes of the mountain range of the same name and on the Kinangop plateau, there are rain forests and alpine heaths, home to dozens of endemic species of animals and picturesque cliffs from which crystal-clear waterfalls cascade.

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The Serengeti is located in northern Tanzania near the border with Kenya, 335 km from Arusha. The Serengeti is the most famous national park in Tanzania, and by some estimates the best in the world. Its name comes from the Maasai word “siringet”, meaning “elongated platform”. To establish this park in 1951, 14,763 square meters were allocated. km and since then the Serengeti is the second largest park in the country after Selous Park. The Serengeti ranges from 920 to 1850 m above sea level and its landscape varies from long and short grass in the south to savannas in the center and forested hills in the north. And the real forests are located in the western part of the park.

Virunga National Park

Virunga is one of the oldest national parks in Africa. It is located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Virunga National Park was officially founded in 1929. It was then called Albert and Kivu National Park. In 1969, the separate Virunga National Park was separated from the single conservation area of ​​Albert and Kivu.

Serengeti National Park

The Serengeti National Park is a 30,000 square kilometer area of ​​low-grass, hilly valleys spread across Tanzania and Kenya. They are covered with lush grass, which grows well on fertile soil of volcanic origin. The Serengeti is a paradise for animals that delights everyone who visits it.

Nairobi National Park

Just seven kilometers from the capital of Kenya there is a small savannah with tall grass and rare spreading trees - Nairobi National Park, with a total area of ​​only 117 square meters. km. This park was opened earlier than many similar parks in Kenya, in 1946. This is one of the few parks in the world where you can simultaneously enjoy the beauty of almost untouched wild nature and not lose sight of the silhouette of a big city.

Ishkel National Park

The first mention of Ishkel’s conservation status dates back to the 13th century, when the then ruling dynasty in the Arab Caliphate banned hunting in the vicinity of the lake. The national park within its current boundaries was founded in 1980. At the same time, the park was included in the UNESCO List of World Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites.