Flight characteristics of Mi 8. Russian Aviation

The first version of the Mi-8 helicopter with a four-blade main rotor was tested in 1962. In October 1963, the second version with a five-blade main rotor began testing, which was put into mass production at the end of 1965.

The Mi-8 is equipped with an anti-icing system that operates in both automatic and manual modes. The helicopter's external suspension system allows it to transport cargo weighing up to 3000 kg. If one of the engines fails in flight, the other engine automatically switches to increased power, while horizontal flight is performed without reducing altitude. The Mi-8 is equipped with an autopilot that provides stabilization of roll, pitch and yaw, as well as a constant flight altitude. Navigation and flight instruments and radio equipment that the helicopter is equipped with allow it to fly at any time of the day and in difficult weather conditions.

The helicopter is mainly used in transport (Mi-8T) and passenger versions. In the passenger version, the Mi-8P is equipped to carry 28 passengers. By special order, in Kazan, a version with a luxury cabin can be manufactured, designed for seven passengers. Orders were completed for B. Yeltsin, N. Nazarbayev, M. Gorbachev and others. The military version of the Mi-8T has pylons for mounting weapons (nursing missiles, bombs). The next military modification of the Mi-8TV has reinforced pylons for hanging a large number of weapons, as well as a machine gun mount in the bow of the cabin. By moving the RV to the left side, its effectiveness was increased.

The Mi-8MT is the latest modification of the helicopter, which was the logical conclusion of the transition from a transport to a transport-combat helicopter. More modern TVZ-117 MT engines with an additional AI-9V gas turbine unit and a dust protection device at the entrance to the air intakes are installed. To combat surface-to-air missiles, there are systems for dispersing hot engine gases, shooting false thermal targets and generating pulsed IR signals. In 1979-1988 The Mi-8MT helicopter took part in the military conflict in Afghanistan.

Helicopter modifications:

Mi-8T (Hip-C)- the main military transport modification.
Mi-8TV- modernized version with enhanced weapons.
Mi-8TVK- export version of the Mi-8TV with 6 Malyutka ATGMs.
Mi-9- a flying command helicopter based on the Mi-8T.
Mi-8SMV- electronic warfare and electronic warfare helicopter.
Mi-8PPA- a modernized version of the Mi-8SMV in the role of a communications helicopter and an electronic warfare helicopter.
Mi-8MT- transport and combat helicopter based on the Mi-8TV (1991).

Tactical technical specifications Mi-8 helicopter:

Year of adoption - 1966.
The diameter of the main propeller is 21.29 m.
The diameter of the tail rotor is 3.91 m.
Length - 18.22 m.
Height - 5.65 m.
Weight, kg
- empty - 7260,
- normal takeoff - 11100,
- maximum take-off - 12200.
Internal fuel - 1450 + 1420 kg.
Engine type - 2 GTD Klimov TV2-117A (TV3-117MT).
Power - 2 x 1710 hp. (2 x 3065 hp)
Maximum speed - 260 km/h.
Cruising speed - 225 km/h.
Practical range - 1200 km.
Range - 465 km.
Practical ceiling - 4500 m.
Static ceiling - 1900 m.
Crew - 2-3 people.

28 passengers or 32 soldiers or 12 stretchers with accompanying persons or 4000 kg of cargo in the cabin or 3000 kg on the sling.

Based on site materials

Exactly 50 years ago, on August 2, 1962, the first prototype of the Mi-8 multi-purpose helicopter took off for the first time. Mi-8 (according to the NATO classification Hip) is a Soviet and Russian multi-purpose helicopter created by the M. L. Mil Design Bureau in the early 60s of the last century. Currently, it is the most popular twin-engine helicopter in the world, and is also one of the most popular helicopters in aviation. Widely used to solve a large number of civil and military problems. The helicopter has been in service with the Soviet Air Force since 1967 and has proven to be such a successful type of equipment that purchases of it for the Russian Air Force continue to this day. At the same time, the Mi-8 helicopter is operated in more than 50 countries around the world, including such countries as China, India and Iran.

Over its half-century history of serial production and design work to improve this helicopter, Soviet and Russian designers have created about 130 different modifications, and more than 13,000 machines of this type have been produced. Today these are Mi-8MTV-1, MTV-2, MTV-5, Mi-8AMTSh, Mi-171, Mi-172 helicopters. In 2012, the Mi-8 is not just a hero of the day - it is a first-class multifunctional helicopter, which today is one of the most successful products of the domestic helicopter industry. Even after 50 years, the car is in demand all over the world and is even purchased by NATO member states. From 2006 to 2008, 26 Mi-171Sh military transport helicopters were delivered to the Czech Republic and Croatia.

Today, the Mi-8/17 production plants of Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant OJSC and Kazan Helicopter Plant OJSC, which are part of the Russian Helicopters holding company, are operating stably and are loaded with orders for the production of these helicopters for 2 years in advance. At the same time, work on modernizing this machine continues continuously. OJSC Moscow Helicopter Plant named after. M.L. Mil" today assembles the first prototype modernized version of the Mi-171A2 helicopter, the technical appearance of this helicopter has also been determined. The helicopter was created on the basis of the Mi-171 helicopter and should become a worthy development option for the entire family of Mi-8 helicopters.

Mi-8P passenger

It is planned that these helicopters will receive new avionics, and composite materials will be used in the design of the machine, which will make the helicopter significantly lighter. In addition, all the main units and systems of the vehicle were modernized, and its flight and technical characteristics were improved. In total, the modernization includes about 80 innovations. At the same time, the helicopter crew will be reduced to 2 people, which will significantly affect its economic efficiency.

Over the course of its history, helicopters of the Mi-8 family have taken part in a large number of local conflicts, they saved thousands human lives, withstood severe Siberian frosts, catastrophic heat and sudden temperature changes, desert dust and tropical downpours. Mi-8s flew at extremely low altitudes and high in the mountains, were based outside the airfield network and landed in hard-to-reach places with minimal maintenance, each time proving their high reliability and efficiency. The multi-purpose Mi-8 helicopter, created back in the middle of the last century, is still one of the most popular in its class and will be in demand on the Russian and global markets for many years to come. aviation technology. For for many years production of the Mi-8 became the basis for many unique developments, for example, the “amphibious helicopter” Mi-14.

Design of the Mi-8 helicopter

The Mi-8 helicopter was made according to a single-rotor design with a tail rotor, a tricycle landing gear and two gas turbine engines. The fuselage of the vehicle has a frame structure and consists of nose, central, tail and end beams. In the bow of the helicopter there is a crew cabin for three people: two pilots and a flight mechanic. Cabin glazing provides the helicopter crew with good review, the right and left blisters are movable and equipped with emergency release mechanisms.

In the central part of the fuselage there was a cabin measuring 5.34 x 2.25 x 1.8 meters. In the transport version, it had a cargo hatch with doors, which increased its length to 7.82 m and a central sliding door measuring 0.62 by 1.4 meters, which had an emergency release mechanism. There was an electric winch and mooring units on the floor of the cargo compartment, and an electric winch boom was installed above the door itself. The helicopter's cargo cabin was designed to transport cargo weighing up to 4 tons and was equipped with folding seats that could accommodate 24 passengers; there were also attachment points for 12 stretchers. At the request of the customer, the helicopter can be equipped with an external cargo suspension system: a hinged-pendulum system for 2500 kg. and cable for 3000 kg, as well as a winch with a lifting capacity of 150 kg.

In the passenger version of the helicopter, the cabin had dimensions of 6.36 x 2.05 x 1.7 meters and was equipped with 28 seats, which were placed in 2 rows on each side with a pitch of 0.74 m and a passage of 0.3 m. In the rear of the cabin, on the right side, there was a wardrobe, and in the rear the doors had an opening for the rear front door, which consisted of a ladder and doors.

The tail boom of the helicopter had a riveted beam-stringer type structure and was equipped with a working skin. It was equipped with units for attaching the tail support and the controlled stabilizer. The helicopter was equipped with a stabilizer measuring 2.7 m and an area of 2 m2 with a NACA 0012 profile; its design was single-spar.

The helicopter's landing gear was tricycle and non-retractable. The front landing gear was self-orienting and consisted of 2 wheels measuring 535 x 185 mm. The main supports of the shaped helicopter were equipped with liquid-gas double-chamber shock absorbers and wheels measuring 865 x 280 mm. The helicopter also had a tail support, which served to prevent the tail rotor from touching the ground. The support consisted of a shock absorber, 2 struts and a support heel. The chassis track was 4.5 meters, the chassis base was 4.26 meters.

Mi-8T Serbian Air Force

The helicopter's power plant included 2 turboshaft gas turbine engines with a free turbine TV2-117AT produced by the St. Petersburg NPO named after. V.Ya.Klimova. On Mi-8T helicopters its power was 1250 kW, on Mi-8MT, AMT and MTB a TVZ-117MT turbine with a power of 1435 kW was installed. Gas turbine engines were mounted on top of the fuselage and covered by a common hood with opening flaps. The helicopter engines were equipped with dust protection devices and their weight was 330 kg.

The fuel system included a service fuel tank with a capacity of 445 liters, a right outboard tank with a capacity of 680 or 1030 liters, a left outboard tank with a capacity of 745 or 1140 liters, and an additional tank in the cargo compartment with a capacity of 915 liters. The helicopter transmission consisted of 3 gearboxes: main, intermediate and tail, main rotor and brake shafts. The main gearbox of the helicopter provides power transmission from the engines, which have an output shaft speed of 12,000 rpm, to the main rotor with a speed of 192 rpm, as well as the tail rotor with a speed of 1,124 rpm and the fan - 6,021 rpm /min, which serves to cool the main gearbox and engine oil coolers. Total weight helicopter oil system is 60 kg.

The helicopter control was duplicated, with cable and rigid wiring, as well as hydraulic boosters, which were driven from the backup and main hydraulic systems. The existing four-channel autopilot AP-34B provided the helicopter with stabilization in flight in terms of heading, roll, altitude and pitch. The main hydraulic system of the helicopter ensured the operation of all hydraulic units, the pressure in the system was 4.5 MPa, the backup system provided only the operation of the hydraulic boosters, the pressure in it was 6.5 MPa.

The Mi-8 helicopter was equipped with a ventilation and heating system, which provided the supply of cold and heated air to the cabins of passengers and crew. The helicopter also had an anti-icing system that protected the steering and main rotor blades, as well as the engine air intakes and the front windows of the cockpit from icing. Equipment for instrument flights in adverse weather conditions, as well as at night, included an attitude indicator, a combined exchange rate system, radio altimeter, automatic radio compass and 2 rotor speed indicators.

Mi-8AMTSH

Currently, the Russian Armed Forces continue to purchase Mi-8 helicopters. As part of the state defense order, Mi-8AMTSh vehicles should be delivered to the troops by 2020. Mi-8AMTSh is an attack military transport helicopter (export designation Mi-171Sh). The helicopter is designed to combat armored ground, surface, mobile and stationary small targets, to destroy enemy personnel, transport troops, cargo, the wounded, as well as perform search and rescue operations. The helicopter was developed at the Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant in close cooperation with OJSC Moscow Helicopter Plant named after. M.L. Mile."

To solve combat missions, the helicopter can be equipped with a system of missile and small arms and cannon weapons, as well as a set of means of protection against destruction, sanitary and airborne transport equipment, as well as instrumentation and radio-electronic equipment, which allows the helicopter to fly at any time of the day, including and in difficult weather conditions. At the same time, the conversion of the Mi-8AMTSh helicopter from a combat version to a medical or airborne transport version does not require much time and can be carried out directly during the period of preparation for a flight to perform the corresponding mission.

Mi-8AMTSh (export version of Mi-171Sh)

To increase the combat survivability of the vehicle, this helicopter is equipped with an ASO-2V automatic reflector release device, ECU screen-exhaust devices, a set of removable armor plates that cover the crew, protected outboard fuel tanks, as well as fuel tanks with polyurethane foam filler.

The crew of the vehicle includes:

– the commander is the left pilot, is engaged in piloting a helicopter, carries out aiming and use of unguided weapons, and performs the “firing” mode when launching guided missiles.
– second pilot, engaged in piloting a helicopter to assist the crew commander; performs the functions of an operator of the Shturm-V complex when searching for targets, launching and targeting guided missiles, and also performs the duties of a navigator.
- flight mechanic, in addition to performing his regular functions, also performs the functions of a gunner for the stern and bow machine gun installations.

Home distinctive feature Mi-8AMTSh helicopters included the inclusion of modern Shturm-V ATGMs and Igla-V air-to-air missiles in their armament. The Sturm complex of high-precision guided missiles makes it possible to quite effectively hit armored vehicles, including those equipped with dynamic protection, low-speed air targets, manpower and fortified enemy positions. In terms of the range of possible weapons, the MI-8AMTSH comes close to attack helicopter Mi-24, while having greater variability of application.

Sources of information:
- http://www.vertolet-media.ru/helicopters/mvz/mi-8amtsh/
- http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2012/0731/150014112/detail.shtml
- http://www.aviastar.org/helicopters_rus/mi-8-r.html
- http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8-8

AVIATION EQUIPMENT

All helicopters and airplanes are equipped with modern navigation equipment. Additionally, at the customer's request, the following can be installed:

Filming equipment
Search and rescue
Medical equipment
Fire equipment
Relief equipment
Equipment for installation work

Number of Mi-8T vehicles: 4

Number of Mi-8MTV vehicles: 3

The Mi-8T helicopter is capable of transporting up to 4 tons of large cargo both inside the cargo cabin and 3 tons on an external sling.

The design, equipment and systems of the Mi-8(T) helicopter allow it to be operated at any time of the day, day or night, in simple and adverse weather conditions, over plains, hilly and mountainous areas.

To operate the helicopter, no special airfield maintenance facilities are required and the helicopter is capable of long-term autonomous deployment.

The Mi-8MTV helicopter is capable of transporting up to 4 tons of large cargo both inside the cargo compartment, and 4 tons on an external sling, unlike the Mi-8T helicopter.

Helicopters can be used to solve a wide range of tasks in the interests of civilian departments. Our company, together with OJSC "Moscow Helicopter Plant named after M.L. Mil", pays great attention to expanding the range of tasks solved by helicopter.

The helicopter can be used in the following options:

in transport;
in sanitary;
fire protection

Technical characteristics of MI-8T

Dimensions
main rotor diameter, (m)	21,3
number of blades, (pcs)	5


engine type, model	TV2-117 2x1500 hp
number of engines, (pcs)	2

Mass characteristics
take-off weight, (t)	11
	12
empty helicopter weight, (t)	7
load capacity, (t)	3


	250
cruising speed, (km/h)	180
	480
	1800
	4500

Number of seats
flight crew	3

Cargo compartment dimensions
length, (m)	5,34
width, (m)	2,34
height, (m)	1.8

Technical characteristics of MI-8MTV

Dimensions
main rotor diameter, (m)	21,3
number of blades, (pcs)	5

Main engine characteristics
engine type, model	TV3-117 2x2100 hp
number of engines, (pcs)	2

Mass characteristics
take-off weight, (t)	11
maximum take-off weight, (t)	13
empty helicopter weight, (t)	7
load capacity, (t)	4

Flight performance
maximum speed, (km/h)	250
cruising speed, (km/h)	200
flight range with maximum load, (km)	520
ceiling in ISA conditions with normal take-off weight, static (BVZ) (not less), (m)	3500
ceiling in ISA conditions at normal take-off weight, dynamic (not less), (m)	5000

Number of seats
flight crew	3

Cargo compartment dimensions
length, (m)	5,34
width, (m)	2,34
height, (m)	1.8

50 years ago, on August 2, 1962, the first prototype of the Mi-8 multi-purpose helicopter took off for the first time. Mi-8 (NATO classification Hip)- Soviet and Russian multi-purpose helicopter, created by the M.L. Mil Design Bureau in the early 60s of the last century. Currently is the most popular twin-engine helicopter in the world, and is also one of the most popular helicopters in the history of aviation. Widely used to solve a large number of civil and military problems.

The helicopter has been in service with the Soviet Air Force since 1967 and has proven to be such a successful type of equipment that purchases of it for the Russian Air Force continue to this day. At the same time The Mi-8 helicopter is operated in more than 50 countries around the world, including countries such as China, India and Iran.

In 2012, the Mi-8 is not just a hero of the day - it is a first-class multifunctional helicopter, which today is one of the most successful products of the domestic helicopter industry. Even after 50 years, the car is in demand all over the world and is even purchased by NATO member states. From 2006 to 2008, 26 Mi-171Sh military transport helicopters were delivered to the Czech Republic and Croatia.

OJSC Moscow Helicopter Plant named after. M.L. Milya is currently assembling the first prototype of the modernized version of the Mi-171A2 helicopter, and the technical appearance of this helicopter has also been determined. The helicopter was created on the basis of the Mi-171 helicopter and should become a worthy development option for the entire family of Mi-8 helicopters.

It is planned that these helicopters will receive new avionics, and composite materials will be used in the design of the machine, which will make the helicopter significantly lighter. In addition, all the main units and systems of the vehicle were modernized, and its flight and technical characteristics were improved. Total modernization includes about 80 innovations. At the same time, the helicopter crew will be reduced to 2 people, which will significantly affect its economic efficiency.

Over the course of their history, helicopters of the Mi-8 family have taken part in a large number of local conflicts, they have saved thousands of human lives, withstood severe Siberian frosts, catastrophic heat and sudden temperature changes, desert dust and tropical downpours. Mi-8s flew at extremely low altitudes and high in the mountains, were based outside the airfield network and landed in hard-to-reach places with minimal maintenance, each time proving their high reliability and efficiency.

The multi-purpose Mi-8 helicopter, created back in the middle of the last century, is still one of the most popular in its class and will be in demand on the Russian and global aviation markets for many years to come. Over the many years of production, the Mi-8 became the basis for many unique developments, for example, the “amphibious helicopter” Mi-14.

The design of the Mi-8 helicopter

The Mi-8 helicopter is made according to a single-rotor design with a tail rotor, a tricycle landing gear and two gas turbine engines. The fuselage of the vehicle has a frame structure and consists of nose, central, tail and end beams. In the bow of the helicopter there is a crew cabin for three people: two pilots and a flight mechanic. The cockpit glazing provides the helicopter crew with good visibility; the right and left blisters are sliding and equipped with emergency release mechanisms.

The helicopter's cargo cabin was designed to transport cargo weighing up to 4 tons and was equipped with folding seats that could accommodate 24 passengers, and there were also attachment points for 12 stretchers. At the customer's request, the helicopter can be equipped with an external cargo suspension system: a hinged-pendulum system for 2500 kg and a cable system for 3000 kg, as well as a winch with a lifting capacity of 150 kg.

In the passenger version of the helicopter, the cabin had dimensions of 6.36 x 2.05 x 1.7 meters and was equipped with 28 seats, which were placed in 2 rows on each side with a pitch of 0.74 m and a passage of 0.3 m. In the rear of the cabin on the right side there was a wardrobe, and in the back of the doors there was an opening for the rear entrance door, which consisted of a ladder and doors.

The tail boom of the helicopter had a riveted beam-stringer type structure and was equipped with a working skin. It was equipped with units for attaching the tail support and the controlled stabilizer. The helicopter was equipped with a stabilizer measuring 2.7 m and an area of 2 m 2 with a NACA 0012 profile; its design was single-spar.

The helicopter's power plant included two turboshaft gas turbine engines with a free TV2-117AT turbine produced by the St. Petersburg NPO named after. V.Ya.Klimova. On Mi-8T helicopters its power was 1250 kW, on Mi-8MT, AMT and MTB a TVZ-117MT turbine with a power of 1435 kW was installed. Gas turbine engines were mounted on top of the fuselage and covered by a common hood with opening flaps. The helicopter engines were equipped with dust protection devices and their weight was 330 kg.

Fuel system included a consumable fuel tank with a capacity of 445 liters, a right outboard tank with a capacity of 680 or 1030 liters, a left outboard tank with a capacity of 745 or 1140 liters, and an additional tank in the cargo compartment with a capacity of 915 liters.

The helicopter transmission consisted of 3 gearboxes: main, intermediate and tail, main rotor and brake shafts. The main gearbox of the helicopter provides power transmission from the engines, which have an output shaft speed of 12,000 rpm, to the main rotor with a speed of 192 rpm, as well as the tail rotor with a speed of 1,124 rpm and the fan - 6,021 rpm /min, which serves to cool the main gearbox and engine oil coolers. The total mass of the helicopter oil system is 60 kg.

The helicopter control was duplicated, with cable and rigid wiring, as well as hydraulic boosters, which were driven from the backup and main hydraulic systems. The existing four-channel autopilot AP-34B provided the helicopter with stabilization in flight in terms of heading, roll, altitude and pitch. The main hydraulic system of the helicopter ensured the operation of all hydraulic units, the pressure in the system was 4.5 MPa, the backup system provided only the operation of the hydraulic boosters, the pressure in it was 6.5 MPa.

Equipment for instrument flights in adverse weather conditions, as well as at night, included an attitude indicator, a combined heading system, a radio altimeter, an automatic radio compass and 2 rotor speed indicators.

Mi-8AMTSH

Currently Armed forces Russia continues to purchase Mi-8 helicopters. As part of the state defense order, Mi-8AMTSh vehicles should be delivered to the troops by 2020. Mi-8AMTSh is an attack military transport helicopter(export designation Mi-171Sh).

The helicopter is designed to combat armored ground, surface, mobile and stationary small targets, to destroy enemy personnel, transport troops, cargo, the wounded, as well as perform search and rescue operations. The helicopter was developed at the Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant in close cooperation with OJSC Moscow Helicopter Plant named after. M.L. Mile."

At the same time, the conversion of the Mi-8AMTSh helicopter from a combat version to a medical or airborne transport version does not require much time and can be carried out directly during the period of preparation for a flight to perform the corresponding mission.

To increase the combat survivability of the vehicle, this helicopter is equipped with:
— automatic reflector reset ASO-2V;
— ECU screen-exhaust devices;
— a set of removable armor plates that cover the crew;
— protected outboard fuel tanks;
— fuel tanks with polyurethane foam filler.

The crew of the vehicle includes:
– commander – left pilot, is engaged in piloting a helicopter, aims and uses unguided weapons, and performs the “launch” mode when launching guided missiles;

- second pilot, is engaged in piloting a helicopter to assist the crew commander; performs the functions of an operator of the Shturm-V complex when searching for targets, launching and targeting guided missiles, and also performs the duties of a navigator;

– flight mechanic, in addition to performing its regular functions, also performs the functions of a gunner for the stern and bow machine gun installations.

The main distinctive feature of the Mi-8AMTSh helicopters was the inclusion of modern Shturm-V ATGMs and Igla-V air-to-air missiles in their armament. The Sturm complex of high-precision guided missiles makes it possible to quite effectively hit armored vehicles, including those equipped with dynamic protection, low-speed air targets, manpower and fortified enemy positions.

In terms of the range of possible weapons, the MI-8AMTSh comes very close to, while having greater variability in use.

Mi-8 (V-8, product “80”, according to NATO: Mi-8 Hip- “thigh”) - Soviet/Russian multi-role helicopter, created by the Mil Design Bureau in the early 1960s. This car is the most popular twin-engine helicopter in the world, and is also included in the list of the most popular helicopters in history. Widely used in many countries around the world to perform most civil and military tasks.

Story

The first B-8 prototype flew on July 9, 1961; second prototype B-8A - September 17, 1962. After a number of modifications, the Mi-8 was adopted by the Soviet Air Force in 1967 and proved to be such a successful machine that purchases of the Mi-8 for the Russian Air Force continue in our time. The Mi-8 is operated in more than 50 countries, including India, China and Iran.

The modernization of the Mi-8 helicopter, which ended in 1980, led to the creation of an improved version of this machine - the Mi-8MT (product “88”, when supplied for export it received the designation Mi-17), which is distinguished by improved power plant(2 TV3-117 engines), as well as the presence of an auxiliary power unit. The Mi-17 is not so widespread and is used in about 20 countries around the world.

In 1991, production of the new civilian transport modification Mi-8AMT (the export version is called Mi-171E) began, and in the late 1990s, the military transport and assault modification Mi-8AMTSh (Mi-171Sh).

In 2014, the 3,500th helicopter of the Mi-17 family was delivered to the customer.

Design

Single-rotor helicopter with 5-bladed main rotor and 3-bladed tail rotor. The fastening of the main rotor blades is hinged (vertical, horizontal and axial hinges), and the tail rotor blades are combined (horizontal and axial), cardan type. The transmission of the Mi-8 helicopter is the same as that of the Mi-4 helicopter. The main rotor blades are all-metal, consisting of a hollow spar pressed from an aluminum alloy, to the trailing edge of which 24 compartments (on some versions 23) with a honeycomb core of aluminum foil are glued, forming a profile. All main rotor blades are equipped with a pneumatic spar damage alarm. The Mi-8 is equipped with an electric anti-icing blade system, which operates in both automatic and manual modes, and is powered by an alternating voltage of 208 volts. If one of the engines fails in flight, the other engine automatically switches to increased power, while horizontal flight is performed without reducing altitude. In the main mode, the main rotor rotates at a speed of 192 min-1, the steering rotor - 1445 min-1. The helicopter control system uses hydraulic boosters - three KAU-30B (combined control unit) to control the main rotor and one RA-60B (steering unit) to control the tail rotor.

The landing gear is tricycle, non-retractable, with a self-orienting front strut in flight. To prevent the tail rotor from touching the ground, there is a tail support. The helicopter's external suspension system makes it possible to transport cargo weighing up to 3 tons. The Mi-8 is equipped with a four-channel autopilot AP-34, which provides stabilization of roll, pitch and direction, as well as flight altitude (+...-50m). In the passenger version, the helicopter cabin can accommodate up to 18 seats; in the transport version, it is equipped with folding benches for 24 seats. To maintain comfortable temperature in the cockpit and cargo compartment, the helicopter is equipped with a heating system, using a kerosene heater KO-50, and ventilation. Navigation and flight instruments and radio equipment in all modifications of the helicopter allow flights at any time of the day in any weather.

Helicopters of different modifications differ quite significantly in the composition of their equipment. Early helicopters (Mi-8, Mi-8T) are equipped with two TV2-117 engines with a power of 1500 hp, with a 10-stage compressor and starting from a GS-18TO starter-generator installed on each engine. When starting the first engine, its starter-generator is powered by six on-board 12CAM28 batteries (monoblock aviation starter with a capacity of 28 Ah) with a voltage of 24 V, the second engine is powered by a starter-generator of an already running engine, and three batteries. When the GS-18TO engines are running, they supply a voltage of 27 volts to the main power supply system. Four batteries are installed in the pilot's cabin under the shelves of electrical and radio equipment, two on each side, the remaining two behind the pilot's cabin in the cargo compartment, in the passenger version in the rear part behind the cabin partition. Despite their relatively small capacity, they are capable of providing 5 engine starts in a row on the ground and in the air at altitudes of up to 3 km, while delivering a current of 600-800 amperes; when the engines are running, they are charged from DC generators and automatically turn off when the rated capacity is reached or turn on in the event of a voltage drop in the on-board network (if generators fail) using differential minimum relays DMR-600T, a generator operation monitoring system.

A three-phase voltage of 36 V for powering gyroscopic devices is provided by one of two PT-500Ts converters (main or backup), a single-phase current of 208 V with a frequency of 400 Hz to power the heating elements of propellers and windshields is provided by the SGO-30U generator installed on the main gearbox. Also from SGO-30U through a single-phase transformer TS/1-2, which powers radio and navigation equipment, and from it - transformer Tr-115/36, which supplies engine and transmission control devices with a single-phase voltage of 36 V, and through transformer 115/7.5 - power supply for main rotor contour lights. If the SGO-30U fails, the heating elements of the blades are turned off, the rest of the equipment automatically switches to power from the PO-750A converter.

Helicopters of later series (Mi-8MT, Mi-17, etc.) have been significantly modernized. The engines were replaced with more powerful (2250 hp) TV3-117 with a 12-speed compressor and air starting; to supply air to the air starters of the engines, an AI-9V APU was installed, the STG-3 starter-generator of which can supply a voltage of 27 to the on-board network when the APU is running volts with a power of 3 kW for 30 minutes. The main power supply system with a voltage of 208 V and a frequency of 400 Hz is powered by two SGS-40PU generators located on the main gearbox. In the 27 V system, two 12SAM-28 batteries are installed for starting the APU and emergency power supply, and three VU-6A rectifier devices are installed for the main power supply when the engines are running. The first generator powers VU No. 1, propeller heating elements and transformer TS310S04B (power 1 kW) for supplying a three-phase 36 V network, from the right generator - VU No. 2 and No. 3, heated glass and dust protection device (ROM) of engines, transformer TS/1 -2.

If generator No. 1 fails, the TS310S04B automatically switches to generator No. 2; if both generators or the transformer itself fail, the PT-200Ts converter starts up. If generator No. 2 fails, TS/1-2 switches to generator No. 1; if both generators or the transformer itself fail, the PO-500A converter starts up. Also, if generator No. 2 fails, VU-6A No. 3 switches to generator No. 1.

The helicopter has two hydraulic systems - the main one and the backup one, the pressure in each is created by a separate NSh-39M pump installed on the main gearbox. The pressure is adjustable within 45+-3 ... 65+8-2 kgf/sq.cm. GA-77V automatic pump unloading machines are supported by hydraulic accumulators - two in the main system and one in the backup system. Hydraulic supply to consumers - RA-60B tail rotor control, KAU-30B general pitch main rotor, two KAU-30B longitudinal and lateral controls, a movable stop in the tail rotor control system and the "Step-Gas" handle clutch - is switched on by separate electromagnetic valves GA192.

Modifications

Experienced

V-8 - The first prototype with one gas turbine engine (gas turbine engine) AI-24V (single-shaft turboprop engine with a 10-stage axial compressor, an annular combustion chamber and a three-stage turbine) designed by A. G. Ivchenko. The first flight took place on June 24, 1961.

-V-8A - Second prototype with two TV2-117 gas turbine engines (aviation turboshaft engine)

V-8AT - The third prototype.

V-8AP - The fourth prototype.

Passenger

Mi-8P - passenger helicopter has 28 seats. Equipped with rectangular portholes.

Mi-8PA - modification of Mi-8P with GTD TV2-117F engines (designed to operate in difficult climatic conditions)

Transport

Mi-8T is a transport and landing helicopter designed for the Air Force.

Mi-8TS is an export version of the Mi-8T created specifically for the Syrian Air Force, modified for dry climate conditions.

Multipurpose

Mi-8TV - “Transport, armed.” has been in service with the USSR Air Force since 1968. It is distinguished by the installation of guides for 4 9M14M “Malyutka” ATGMs, an A-12.7 machine gun, armoring of the cockpit, gearbox and engine hoods, armored glass of the cockpit (mainly frontal).

Mi-8AT is a helicopter with TV2-117AG engines.

Mi-8AV - aerial minelayer for ground forces. Equipped with a VMR-1 minelayer. Which could set from 64 (in the first modifications) to 200 minutes.

Mi-8AD is a modification of an air minelayer for ground forces, designed to lay small-sized non-retrievable anti-personnel mines.

Mi-8MT - modification with TV3-117 engines.

Mi-8MTV or Mi-8MTV-1 - modification with TV3-117VM, TV3-117VM series 02, VK-2500-03 engines. Serial production began in Kazan in 1988.

Mi-8MTV-5 - the shape of the nose section has been replaced (“dolphin nose”). Since the end of 2013, it has been equipped with the Test-1 BUR product instead of SARPP-12DM (SARPP-12D1M).

Mi-8MTKO is a variant with lighting equipment adapted for the use of a night vision flight system.

Mi-17-1V - version of the Mi-8MTV intended for export

Mi-8AMT (export designation - Mi-171E) - variant of the Mi-8MTV with minor changes, produced at the aircraft plant in Ulan-Ude (since 1991). There are different modifications: passenger, transport, search and rescue, VIP salon, etc.

Mi-171 is a modification of the Mi-8AMT helicopter, has a certificate issued by the Interstate Aviation Committee.

Mi-171A1 is a modification of the Mi-8AMT helicopter that complies with the US Rotorcraft Airworthiness Standards FAR-29.

Mi-17KF is a modification of the Mi-8MTV-5 with Honeywell avionics. The Mil Design Bureau was created jointly with KVZ by order of the Canadian company Kelowna Flightcraft. The first flight was made on August 3, 1997.

Mi-8TG - modification of Mi-8P with polyfuel gas turbine engines TV2-117G (Improved version of TV2-117A with additional graphite bearing seals. TV2-117A engines are upgraded to TV2-117AG during repairs)

Mi-14 is a multi-purpose amphibious helicopter.

Mi-18 is an extended version of the Mi-8MT. Not mass produced.

Mi-8MSB - Ukrainian modification with TV3-117VMA-SBM1V 4E series engines, for the Air Force (adopted into service in April 2014) and for export.

Mi-8TECH-24 - flying technical and operational unit. Equipped with plumbing, electrical, testing and other equipment used during the operation and repair of helicopter equipment.

Mi-8TZ - tanker and fuel transporter.

Mi-8BT - trawl towing vehicle.

Mi-8SP is a special sea rescue aircraft.

Mi-8SPA - search and rescue helicopter for searching for cosmonauts and other crews aircraft in case of splashdown.

Mi-8TL is a forest fire modification equipped with a massive water discharge system and a water cannon.

Mi-8S is a command helicopter equipped with round windows.

Mi-8PS is a command helicopter equipped with square windows.

Mi-8KP - specialized command post to conduct large-scale complex search and rescue operations.

Mi-8GR or Mi-8R is a reconnaissance helicopter designed for visual observation and photography in the front line.

Mi-8K - artillery spotter.

Mi-8TAKR is a helicopter with a television surveillance system.

Mi-8VD is a radiation-chemical reconnaissance helicopter.

Mi-8S is a modification of a helicopter with a combined power plant of turboshaft engines driving the main rotor and a traction turbojet.

Mi-8MTL reconnaissance aircraft with the ability to simultaneously use thermal imaging reconnaissance and radio interception with precise definition target coordinates.

Mi-8MTYU - Was designed in a single copy. Designed specifically for detecting landers and small surface targets; a radar antenna is located in the nose. Used by the Ukrainian Air Force.

Mi-AMT-1 - equipped with a luxury cabin (VIP cabin) for the government air squad of the President of the Russian Federation

Air command posts

Mi-8VKP or Mi-8VzPU - air command post.

Mi-8IV or Mi-9 - an air command post intended for division commanders, a serial modification.

Mi-9 - an air command post for motorized rifle commanders and tank divisions. Equipped automated complex communications. Designed in 1987 on the basis of the Mi-8MT.

Mi-9R is an air command post created specifically for commanders of missile divisions of the Strategic Missile Forces. Equipped with an automated communication complex. Designed in 1987 on the basis of the Mi-8MT.

Medical

Mi-8MB - air hospital. Designed on the basis of the Mi-8T.

Mi-8MTB - armored air hospital. Created on the basis of the Mi-8MT.

Mi-8MTVM - medical modification of the Mi-8MTV.

Mi-8MTV-MPS is a medical search and rescue helicopter created on the basis of the Mi-8MTV.

Mi-17G is an air hospital version created for export.

Mi-17-1VA "Ambulatory" - a sanitary variant of the Mi-8MTV designed for export.

Jammers

Mi-8SMV is a jammer equipped with a Smalta-V (Smalta-helicopter) jamming station.

Mi-8PP is an electronic warfare (electronic warfare) helicopter, according to some sources it is equipped with the “Pole” complex, but in the 70-80s. EW complexes were usually called by the names of plants; it is quite possible that this option is simply confused with early versions of the Mi-8PPA.

The Mi-8PPA is an electronic warfare helicopter equipped with the Azalia and Fasol stations; according to some sources, it is a modified version of the Mi-8PP.

Mi-8MTP - jammer.

Mi-8MTPB - jammer.

Mi-8MTPI - jammer.

Mi-8MTPSh - jammer.

Mi-8MTD - jammer.

Mi-8MTR1 - jammer.

Mi-8MTR2 - jammer.

Mi-8MTS - jammer.

Mi-8MTSh1 - jammer.

Mi-8MTSh2 - jammer.

Mi-8MTSh3 - jammer.

Mi-8MTYA - jammer.

Mi-8MT1S - jammer.

Agricultural

Mi-8ATS is an agricultural version of the helicopter with fertilizer spraying devices. Designed on the basis of the Mi-8T.

Mi-8MTSkh - agricultural helicopter. Developed on the basis of the Mi-8MT.

Drums

Mi-8AMTSh (export designation - Mi-171Sh) is a transport and attack helicopter, equipped with a set of weapons equivalent to the Mi-24, a complex of armor protection for the crew and adapted for the use of night vision equipment. At the Farnborough Air Show 99 it was designated "Terminator". Since the end of 2011, it has been equipped with an on-board recording device “Test-1” instead of SARPP-12. Since the end of 2013, it has been equipped with the Test-1 BUR product with an expanded list of recorded parameters (40 analog and 28 one-time).
Protection: electronic device, steel armor plates, LC ejection machine (False target - a device, structure, formation or means that imitates a real protected object according to signal characteristics, movement parameters (if the object is moving) and other signs essential for recognition and intended to distract electronic weapons from the actual target (protected object)), jammer, protected fuel tanks.

Features: winch lowering up to 4 people at a time, ramp, IR search light, night vision goggles, infrared camera.

Armament S-8 missiles in blocks, Attack missiles.

Mi-8AMTSh-1 - modification of the Mi-8AMTSh, equipped with a weapons complex in combination with a luxury salon (VIP salon)

TTX Mi-8

	V-8			Mi-18
Year of construction	1961	1965	1965	1975	1980	1987	1991	1991	2014
Crew, people	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
Number of passengers (paratroopers)	18	28	24	24	30	24	27	26
Length (with rotating screws), m.		25,31	25,31	25,31	25,31	25,31	25,31	25,31	25,31
Height (with rotating tail rotor), m		5,54	5,54	5,54	5,54	5,54	5,54	5,54	5,54
Main rotor diameter, m	21	21,3	21,3	21,3	21,3	21,3	21,3	21,3	21,3
Empty weight, kg	5726	7000	6934	7200	7550	7381	6913	7514
Normal take-off weight, kg	-	11570	11100	11100	11500	11100	11100	11878
Maximum take-off weight, kg	-	12000	12000	13000	13000	13000	13000	no data	12500
Engines	1 x AI-24V	2 x TV2-117	2 x TV2-117	2 x TV3-117MT	2 x TV3-117MT	2 x TV3-117VM	2 x TV3-117VM	2 x TV3-117VM	2 x TV3-117VMA-SBM1V 4E
Engine power (takeoff mode)	1 x 1900 l. With.	2 x 1500 l. With.	2 x 1500 l. With.	2 x 1900 l. With.	2 x 1900 l. With.	2 x 2000 l. With.	2 x 2000 l. With.	2 x 2000 l. With.	2 x 1500 l. With.
Maximum speed, km/h	-	250	260	250	270	250	250	250	260
Cruising speed, km/h	-	225	225	220	240	240	230	230	225
Dynamic ceiling, m	-	4200	4500	5000	5550	6000	6000	6000	9150
Practical range, km	-	425	480	520	580	590	570	715	600

Flight range, km:
-with additional fuel tanks 1300
-with a maximum aviation fuel reserve of 800
-at maximum load 550
-Aviation fuel consumption, t/hour 0.72

Combat use of MI-8

Six-Day War (1967) - at least 3 Egyptian Mi-8s are destroyed by Israeli aircraft at airfields.
-Ethiopian-Somali War (1977-1978)
-Afghan War (1979-1989) - the 40th Army lost 174 Mi-8 helicopters; the losses of helicopters of the border troops, SAVO and the Afghan army are unknown. During the Afghan conflict, there was a recorded case of an Mi-8 being shot down using an old English Lee-Enfield rifle (“drill”).
-Georgian-Abkhazian war (1992-1993)
-Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) - 6 Iraqi Mi-8s were shot down in the air by Iranian fighters. The total losses of Iraqi helicopters are unknown.
-Paquisha War (1981) - one Peruvian Mi-8 helicopter was shot down by FAL rifle fire
-War in Karabakh
-First Chechen war (1994-1996)
-Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict (1998-2000)
-Invasion of militants into the Republic of Dagestan (1999) - Russian army lost at least three Mi-8s.
-Kargil War (1999)
-NATO operation against Yugoslavia (1999) In 1999, a Serbian Mi-8 shot down a reconnaissance UAV with a machine gun. In 2000, a similar incident occurred.
-Second Chechen War (1999)
-War in Afghanistan (since 2001)
-Iraq War
-Bhutan Operation against Assamese Resistance 2003
-Armed conflict in South Ossetia (2008)
-Civil war in Syria (since 2011)
-Armed conflict in eastern Ukraine (2014)

Operated:

Used in more than 50 countries around the world

Russia - 534 in 2010, 34 Mi-8 (22 Mi-8AMTSh and the rest Mi-8AMT and Mi-8MTV) were put into service at the air bases of Budennovsk and Korenovsk (10 Mi-8). 53 Mi-8AMTSh in 2013
-Azerbaijan
-Algeria
-Argentina - in 2010-11 a contract was signed for six Mi-171Es for flights from the coast of Argentina to Antarctica
-Armenia - as of 2014, 3 m-17v were also purchased
-Angola
-Afghanistan - an agreement was concluded for the supply of 21 military transport Mi-17V5.
-Bangladesh
-Brazil - in 2011, three Mi-171A1 were manufactured for ATLAS airline.
-Belarus
-Bulgaria
-Bosnia and Herzegovina
-Burkina Faso
-Butane
-Venezuela - 20 Mi-17s (in service with the country's air force), 6 Mi-17s have been ordered.
-Hungary
-Vietnam
-Ghana
-Guyana
-Germany
-Georgia - in 2011, there were 17 units in service. Mi-8T
-Djibouti
-Zambia
-Egypt
-India - in operation large number Mi-8 and Mi-17 helicopters, delivery of another 80 helicopters, Mi-17V-5, is planned.
-Indonesia - 6 Mi-17-B5 were delivered in July 2008 under an agreement concluded in 2005.
-Iraq - in 2010, the United States placed an order for the Iraqi Air Force for 80 Mi-17 helicopters (of which 46 were used), by 2012 68 were delivered.
-Iran - 5 Mi-171s have been ordered, of which 2 have already been delivered.
-Kazakhstan
-Cameroon - in 2013, an agreement was concluded for the supply of a batch of Mi-17.
-Canada
-Kenya
-Cyprus
-Kyrgyzstan
-China
-North Korea
-Colombia
-Cuba - in 2011, there were 2 units in service. Mi-8R and 8 pcs. Mi-17
-Latvia - as of 2011, there were 4 units in service. Mi-17
-Libya
-Lithuania - in 2011, there were nine Mi-8s in service
- Macedonia
-Mexico
-Moldova
-Mongolia
-Myanmar
-Nepal
-Nigeria
-Nicaragua - as of 2011, 16 pcs. Mi-17 is in service
-UAE
-UN
-Pakistan
-Transnistria
-Poland
-Peru - In 2010, 6 Mi-171E and Mi-171Sh were acquired.
-Romania - 25 units delivered in 1968. Mi-8T and 14 pcs. Mi-8PS, in 1985 - 3 more units. Mi-17; in the 1990s, two more Mi-17s were acquired for the police, one Mi-17-1V and one Mi-17-1VA; in 2001 they were withdrawn from army service (put in storage and transferred to the Ministry of Internal Affairs).
-Syria
-Serbia
-Slovakia
-Sudan - 6 units were purchased in 2012, in 2013 a contract was concluded for the supply of 16 Mi-8 transport vehicles. Sudan Police - 1 Mi-17V-5 (w/n 101, serial number 736M07)
-USA - 70 Mi-17V5 units purchased for missions in Afghanistan.
-Sierra Leone
-Tajikistan
-Turkmenistan
-Turkey - 19 units were ordered in 1993 and delivered in 1995. Mi-17-1B for the gendarmerie, in 2007 one helicopter crashed due to technical reasons
-Ukraine
-Uzbekistan
-Finland
-Chad
-Montenegro
-Czech Republic
-Croatia
-Sri Lanka
-Ecuador
-Eritrea
-Estonia
-South Korea. Police of the Republic of Korea - 3 Mi-172, as of the beginning of 2014.
-SOUTH AFRICA
-South Sudan