Operating manual for parachute system d 10. Technical characteristics

Landing parachute D-10 is a parachute landing system that replaced the D-6 parachute. Dome area 100 sq.m. with improved characteristics and beautiful appearance- in the form of squash.

Landing parachute D-10

Designed for jumping by both novice paratroopers and paratroopers - training and combat jumps from AN-2 aircraft, MI-8 and MI-6 helicopters and military transport aircraft AN-12, AN-26, AN-22, IL- 76 with full service weapons and equipment... or without it... Flight speed during release is 140-400 km/h, minimum height jump 200 meters with stabilization for 3 seconds, maximum - 4000 meters with a paratrooper's flight weight of up to 140 kg. Descent speed 5 m/sec.

Horizontal speed up to 3 m/second. The canopy moves forward by rolling the free ends, where the free ends are reduced by rolling, and that’s where the dome goes... The canopy turns are carried out by control lines, the dome turns due to the slots located on the dome. The length of the lines for the D-10 parachute is different... Lighter in weight, it has more control capabilities...

At the end of the article I will post the full performance characteristics of the D-10 (tactical and technical characteristics)

Parachute system D-10

Many people already know the D-10 parachute system, the system came to the troops... the landing showed it works in the air... there are significantly fewer convergences, because there are more opportunities under an open canopy to run to where there is no one... with a parachute it will be in this plan is even better... Believe me, it’s difficult... to create a system that will open safely, give speed to the canopy, give turns, create such control that a paratrooper without jumping experience can handle it... and for paratroopers, when they come with full service weapons and equipment, maintain the rate of descent and enable easy control of the canopy...

And in a combat situation during landing, it is necessary to eliminate as much as possible shooting at paratroopers as if they were targets...

The Parachute Engineering Research Institute has developed a modification of the D-10 parachute... meet...

Landing parachute D-10P

golden parachute

The minimum drop height is 70 meters...! Our paratroopers are courageous... it’s scary to walk from 100 meters... :)) it’s scary because the ground is close... and from 70 meters... it’s like diving headfirst into a pool... :)) the ground is very close. .. I know this height, this is the approach to the last straight line on a sports canopy... but the D-10P system is designed for quick opening... without stabilization for forced opening of the backpack... the pull rope is attached with a carabiner to the cable in an airplane or helicopter, and the other end with a cable to close the parachute pack... the cable is pulled out with a rope, the pack opens and the canopy goes... this is the opening system of the D-1-8, series 6 parachute... the ability to leave the aircraft at an altitude of 70 meters is safety during landing in combat conditions...

The maximum altitude for leaving the aircraft is 4000 meters...

The D-10P system is designed in such a way that it can be converted into the D-10 system... and vice versa... in other words, it can be operated without stabilization for forced deployment of the parachute or stabilization is attached, the parachute is placed to work with stabilization and forward, in Sky... golden parachute... :))

The canopy consists of 24 wedges, slings with a tensile strength of 150 kg each...

Read the entire article at the source:

Purpose, structure and interaction of parts

The D-10 landing parachute system is designed for training and combat jumps from An-22, Il-76, An-26 military transport aircraft, from An-2 aircraft and Mi-6 and Mi-8 helicopters, performed by separate parachutists or groups of paratroopers of all specialties with or without full service weapons and equipment with a total flight weight of the parachutist 140 kg.

Technical and operational characteristics

Operating restrictions:
weight of paratrooper-parachutist with parachutes, kg	140 – 150
aircraft flight speed, km/h	140 – 400
maximum safe parachute deployment altitude, m
minimum safe height of use, m
Stabilization time, s	3 or more
Descent speed on a stabilizing parachute, m/s	30 – 40
Force required to open a double-cone lock using a manual opening link, kgf, no more
Descent speed on the main parachute, m/s
Time to turn 180 0 in any direction when removing the locking cord and tightening the free ends of the suspension system, s	no more than 60
Time to turn in any direction by 180 0 with the free ends of the suspension system blocked, s	no more
Average horizontal speed of movement forward and backward, m/s	not less than 2.6
Height of a paratrooper, m	1,5 – 1,9
Weight parachute system without parachute bag and parachute device AD-3U-D-165, kg, no more	11,7
Number of uses:
with a total flight weight of a paratrooper-parachutist of 140 kg, times
incl. with a total flight weight of the paratrooper 150 kg
Shelf life without repacking, months, no more
Warranty service life, years
It is allowed to increase the service life, years	up to 20

The D-10 parachute system allows the use of reserve parachutes of the Z-4, Z-5, Z-2 types. AD-3U-D-165, PPK-U-165A-D parachute devices are used as a safety device for opening the double-cone lock. The parts of the parachute system are inseparable, which prevents their disconnection during the entire landing process.

Parachute system parts

1. Camera stabilizing system.

2. Stabilizing system (stabilizing parachute without lines).

3. Main parachute chamber.

4. Main parachute (canopy with lines).

5. Suspension system.

7. Double-cone lock.

8. Manual opening link.

9. Safety parachute device type PPK-U or AD-ZU-D.

10. Parachute bag.

11. Passport.

12. Auxiliary parts and details.

Camera stabilization system(Fig. 1.20) is intended for placing a stabilizing dome with slings and the upper part of the stabilizer into it, as well as for orderly putting into operation the stabilizing system.

The shape is cylindrical. Material: nylon avisent. Consists of a base (4) and on it: in the upper part - a carabiner (1) for attaching to a cable or extension cord in an aircraft, a fastening tape (7) for fastening a rubber honeycomb, a fuse (6) , tie cord (3) for tightening the camera; at the bottom there are metal rings (5) for locking with the stabilizer rings.

Stabilizing system (stabilizing parachute without line) designed to activate the safety parachute device, ensure a stabilized descent of the parachutist and deploy the main parachute.

Stabilizing system ( rice. 1.21 ) consists of a canopy with lines and a stabilizer with a parachute link.

In the pole part of the dome there is sewn an exhaust device (2), which is designed to ensure that the dome is filled and consists of eight pockets. Reinforcing tapes are stitched onto the outer side of the dome: radial (3) from LTKP-15-185 tape and circular (4) from LTKP-13-70 tape. The edge of the dome is reinforced by folding the fabric on the outside and stitching LTKP-15-185 tape on it on both sides. Along the lower edge of the dome, under the radial reinforcing tapes, the ends of 16 slings made from ShKP-200 cord are threaded and stitched with a zigzag stitch. Length of outer lines (6) in free state from the lower edge of the canopy to the stabilizer feather - 0.52 m, and the middle (5) lines - 0.5 m. The canopy has a factory mark (18): parachute index and year of manufacture.

The stabilizer serves to prevent rotation of the stabilizing parachute and consists of two feathers (7), each of which is made of nylon fabric gray and has the shape isosceles triangle. The feathers are stitched in height to form four stabilizer feathers. LTKkrP-26-600 ribbons are sewn on the sides of each feather, forming loops in the upper part to which the lines are attached, and in the lower part turning into a parachute link. A ribbon with a ring (17) is sewn onto each side of the feather. The rings serve to secure them with the rings sewn on the stabilizing parachute chamber.

The parachute link (8) serves to connect the stabilizing parachute to the backpack during the stabilization phase and to the main canopy at all other stages of operation, as well as to remove the stabilizing parachute from the paratrooper and ensure its stable operation. At a distance of 0.45 m from the stabilizer feathers, a loop (9) of LTKkrP-26-600 tape is sewn onto the link, which is intended for attaching the parachute device activation cord. The lower part of the link branches, forming power strips (10), into the ends of which buckles (11) of a double-cone lock are sewn. Jumpers made from LTK-44-1600 tape are sewn onto the power tapes on both sides. Between the jumpers there is a loop (13) sewn from LTKMkrP-27-1200 tape, which is designed to attach the stabilizing system to the bridle of the main parachute canopy and to the bridle of its chamber. A fastening tape (12) is mounted on the loop, made of red nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 in three folds and intended for fastening the removable honeycomb located on the ring of the right valve of the backpack. On one of the tacking ends there is a loop for attaching to the loop of the parachute link of the stabilizing parachute, on the other there is a mark limiting the tacking.

The triangle formed from the ribbons is covered on both sides with scarves (14) made of nylon avisent. A guide ring (16) is sewn onto the power tapes between the gussets using tape (15)LTKkrP-26-600, through which the parachute device activation cord is passed. On the power bands near the buckles, arrows are marked with black harmless paint to control the correct installation and installation of the power bands on the double-cone lock.

Lineless stabilizing parachute(Fig. 1.22) consists of a canopy, stabilizer and parachute link.

The dome (1) has a hemispherical shape with an area of 1.5 m2, made of nylon fabric. Radial reinforcing tapes (3) LTKP-15-185 and circular tapes (2) LTKP-13-70 are stitched onto the outer side of the dome. The edge of the dome is reinforced with LTKP-15-185 tape stitched onto it on both sides. The canopy is marked with a factory mark: parachute index and year of manufacture. _____________________________

The stabilizer serves to prevent rotation of the stabilizing parachute and consists of four feathers (4), which are made of gray nylon fabric. A reinforcing frame made from LTKP-13-70 tape is sewn onto the surface of each stabilizer blade on both sides. The upper side of each feather is attached to the canopy using the forked ends of the reinforcing frame strips. LTKkrP-26-600 ribbons are sewn on the sides of each feather, which form a parachute link in the lower part. A ribbon with a ring (15) is sewn onto each side of the feather. The rings serve to secure them with the rings sewn on the stabilizing parachute chamber.

The parachute link (5) serves to connect the stabilizing parachute to the backpack during the stabilization stage and to the main canopy at all other stages of operation, as well as to remove the stabilizing parachute from the main parachute and ensure its stable operation. At a distance of 0.45 m from the stabilizer feathers, a loop (6) of LTKkrP-26-600 tape is sewn onto the link, which is intended for attaching the parachute device activation cord. The lower part of the link branches, forming power strips (7), into the ends of which buckles (8) of a double-cone lock are sewn. Jumpers made from LTK-44-1600 tape are sewn onto the power tapes on both sides. Between the jumpers there is a loop (10) sewn from LTKMkrP-27-1200 tape, which is designed to attach the stabilizing parachute to the bridle of the main parachute canopy and to the bridle of its chamber. A fastening tape (9) is mounted on the loop, made of red nylon tape LTKkrP-26-600 in three folds and intended for fastening the removable honeycomb located on the ring of the right valve of the backpack. On one of the tacking ends there is a loop for attaching to the loop of the parachute link of the stabilizing parachute, on the other there is a mark that limits the tacking.

The triangle formed from the ribbons is covered on both sides with scarves (11) made of nylon avisent. A guide ring (13) is sewn onto the power tapes between the gussets using tape (12)LTKkrP-26-600, through which the parachute device activation cord is passed. On the power bands near the buckles, arrows are marked with black harmless paint to control the correct installation and installation of the power bands on the double-cone lock.

Main parachute chamber(Fig. 1.23) serves to place the canopy with the lines of the main parachute into it and for its orderly opening. The camera is made of gray nylon fabric and has the shape of a cylinder (when folded).

The surface of the chamber is reinforced with two tapes (2)LTKkrP-26-600, which form a bridle in the upper part. For the convenience of laying the dome in the chamber, we sew a scarf (5) along the upper base of the chamber and the bridle tapes. A tie cord (3) from the ShKP-150 cord, which is designed to tighten the upper base of the chamber, is inserted and stitched into the bend of the upper base of the chamber.

Sewn onto the camera base:

Nine straight (10) honeycombs with ribbons (11) in the lower part for laying the lines of the main parachute:

Honeycomb distributor (8) with honeycomb rubber (9) from a backpack cord to hold the slings in the honeycomb;

Valve (15) with two pairs of eyelets (14) for passing through removable rubber honeycombs (16, 17) and with two pockets (21) for covering bundles of slings; for ease of laying the slings, markings are applied on the valve near the eyelets - 1,2,3,4;

Pocket (22) at the upper base of the chamber for tucking the ends of the cord-tie.

To cover the bundles of slings laid in honeycombs, aprons (7) made of gray nylon fabric with ribbon ties (6) are sewn in the upper part of the chamber.

A ring (20) made of an elastic tape 29 mm wide is inserted into the hem of the lower part of the chamber, designed to ensure an orderly exit of the main parachute canopy from the chamber.

At the lower base of the chamber, two removable rubber honeycombs are installed and an apron (19) is sewn, which in turn has two more removable rubber honeycombs.

Main parachute(Fig. 1.24) is designed to ensure a safe rate of descent and landing for the parachutist.

Consists of a canopy base and slings. The base of the dome consists of 24 wedges (1), which form a non-flat circle with an area of 100 m 2. Each dome wedge, in turn, consists of seven wedges, six of which are made of nylon fabric, and one wedge (2) 50 mm wide - of Excelsior fabric, which is a mesh. The wedges are connected to each other with a “lock” seam. LTKP-13-70 nylon tapes are sewn onto the seams connecting the dome wedges. The lower edge of the dome is reinforced on both sides with nylon tape LTKP-15-185. Along the lower edge of the canopy, all slings, except slings No. 1A, 1B, 13A, 13B, have jumpers sewn from nylon tape LTKP-15-185, which are designed to prevent cases of overlapping of the canopy with slings and reduce the time of its filling. On the basis of the canopy, between slings No. 1A and 1B, 13A and 13B there are slots (3) 1.7 m long, designed to rotate the canopy during descent. The main parachute (Fig. 1.25) has 26 main lines (1), made from ShKP-150 nylon cord (of which 22 lines are 4 m long and 4 lines (4) attached to the loops of the canopy slits, 7 m long), 22 external additional slings (2) 3 m long , as well as 24 internal additional slings (3) made of ShKP-120 nylon cord, 4 m long.

Additional slings are mounted to the main slings, and two internal additional slings (3) are mounted to slings No. 2 and 14 (5). The slings are tied at one end to the hinges of the dome, at the other - to the half-ring buckles of the free ends (6) of the suspension system.

To facilitate stowing the main parachute on slings No. 1A, 1B and on an additional sling No. 24 at the lower edge of the canopy, as well as at the semi-buckles

The ring of the suspension system is sewn with identification couplings made of cotton fabric green or blue, and on the additional sling No. 12 - red or orange.

To make it easier to lay the slings, marks are placed on them at a distance of 0.2 m from the lower edge of the canopy and 0.4 m from the half-ring buckles of the free ends of the suspension system, indicating the beginning and end of laying.

Along the lower edge of the dome, to the left of the lines, their serial numbers. There are factory markings on the outside of the canopy between lines 1A and 24. Control lines (4) are sewn onto slings No. 1A and 13A, 1B and 13B (Fig. 1.26) , which are intended for reversing the dome and are made of red nylon cord ShKPkr-190 in two folds. The control lines are threaded through rings (2) sewn on the inside of the free ends (1) of the suspension system. One end of the left control line is attached to the line

pe No. 13A at a distance of 1.65 m, the second - to sling No. 1A at a distance of 1.45 m from the half-ring buckles of the free ends of the suspension system. One end of the right control line is attached to the line No. 13B at a distance of 1.65 m, the second - to the line No. 1B at a distance of 1.45 m from the half-ring buckles of the free ends of the suspension system.

When the right control line is pulled, lines No. 1B and 13B are tensioned, pulling the lower edge of the canopy inward. The air flow emerging from under the edge at the point where it is folded creates a reactive force that rotates the dome, and it turns to the right (Fig. 1.27).

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When the left control line is pulled, lines No. 1A and 13A are tensioned and the canopy turns to the left.

Hanging system parachute is designed:

To connect the parachute to the parachutist;

To evenly distribute the dynamic load on the parachutist’s body at the moment the parachute opens;

For convenient placement of a paratrooper in it, for attaching a reserve parachute, weapons and equipment.

The suspension system (Fig. 1.28) is made of nylon tape LTK-44-1600 and consists of the following parts:

Risers (1);

Main girth (2);

Back-shoulder girths (3);

Chest bridge (4);

Waist circumference (5);

Leg loops (6);

Uncatch device (7).

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Loose ends are marked with numbers: 1 and 2 – right pair, 3 and 4 – left and end with half-ring buckles to which the main parachute lines are attached. At the free ends, marked with the numbers 2 and 3, there are rubber loops made of elastic tape, intended for threading the slack of the control lines. At the top of the free ends there are four ribbons with rings sewn through which the control lines are passed.

Each pair of risers has a locking cord made from ShKP-150 cord, which is used when using a parachute system without rolling the risers of the harness system.

Main girth stitched from ribbons in two folds. On the left, in the upper part of the main girth, there are two curved buckles: the lower one for connecting it with the left dorso-shoulder girth, the upper one for fastening the left pair of free ends.

On the right in the upper part of the main girth there are three curved buckles: the lower one for connecting it with the right dorso-shoulder girth, the upper one for fastening the link of the unfastening device made from LTKP-43-900 tape and the right detachable pair of free ends, the middle one -

for mounting the link of the uncoupling device.

WITH reverse side of the main girth, below the curved buckles, with the help of tape LTKkrP-43-800, buckles are sewn on for fastening the cargo container straps.

On the left side of the main girth, below the curved buckles, there is sewn LTKkrP-26-600 tape for attaching a flexible hose, and below, at chest level, a manual opening link pocket is sewn.

To attach the free ends of the intermediate harness system of the reserve parachute, two fastening brackets are built into the main girth.

Below, using tape LTKkrP-43-800, buckles are sewn into the main girth to tighten the backpack using adjusting tapes. Here, in the triangles formed by the straps of the back-shoulder straps, a carabiner is secured on the left side, and a buckle for fastening the leg straps on the right. In the lower part, the main girth is bifurcated, the ribbons are sewn end to end, and on them are sewn a soft pad for comfortable sitting in the harness system and rings for the ribbons for tightening the lower corners of the backpack.

Back-shoulder girths To prevent spontaneous movement through curved buckles and buckles with serrated bridges, they have LTKkrP-43-800 tape sewn onto them and loops from LTKkrP-43-800 tape.

Chest bridge It is formed by dorso-shoulder loops going up from the crosspiece through curved buckles, and has a carabiner in the left half, and a buckle in the right.

Leg loops formed by the lower ends of the dorso-shoulder girths, passed between the ribbons of the main girth, and have a carabiner on the right girth, and a buckle on the left. Rectangular buckles are mounted on the leg loops to adjust the leg loops according to the height of the parachutist.

Waist circumference formed by the ribbons of the chest jumper after they pass between the ribbons of the main girth; it has two rectangular adjustment buckles

Uncatch device(Fig. 1.30) is intended for disconnecting the right pair of free ends from the suspension system and is made of lightweight tape LTKOkr-44-1600, on which are sewn:

Tape LTKMP-12-450, forming a loop to which a pin-pin is attached;

Tape LTKP-15-185, forming a loop for attaching the unfastening device to the curved buckle of the main girth;

Tape LTKkrP-26-600, forming a handle.

A textile fastener is sewn onto the ends of the LTKOkr-44-1600 tape. A removable parachute honeycomb is attached to the pin ring.

Satchel(Fig. 1.31) is designed to accommodate the canopy of the main parachute with lines, placed in the chamber, part of the free ends of the harness system and placement of the device.

The satchel is made of nylon avisent or nylon fabric and consists of a base, an overhead bottom, right and left valves. A stiffening frame is inserted between the main and overhead bottoms.

On the right flap there is a device pocket made from LTKkrP-26-600 tape with ties and a parachute device activation cord pocket made from LTK-44-1600 tape with a valve. A rubber honeycomb is attached to the top of the right flap for mounting the stowed stabilizing system on the top of the pack. On the outside of the right valve there is a handle made of LTKkrP-26-600 tape, which is designed to pull back the right valve when tucking the slack of the stabilizing parachute link under it in preparation for a parachute jump from an Il-76 aircraft.

Rings are sewn into the free corners of the right and left valves of the backpack, designed to hold the valves in a tightened state.

A removable honeycomb is mounted on the ring of the right valve, and on the upper part of the backpack, on the outside of the left valve on the backpack, there is a welded ring designed to seal the removable honeycomb with a tape located on the loop of the parachute link of the stabilizing system.

At the beginning of the stitching of the right flap, using tape LTKkrP-20-150, a wire ring is sewn, intended for securing the loop for attaching the parachute device activation cord. On the same section of the right flap there is sewn a loop with a button spike for the flap covering the double-cone lock. In the upper part of the backpack, under the mounting plate of the double-cone lock, a ring is attached using tape LTKkrP-20-150, designed to pass through a rubber honeycomb that secures the laid stabilizing system on the top of the backpack. On the opposite side there is a second belt loop with a button spike for the valve covering the double-cone lock. On the left side of the backpack, one end of a flexible hose is attached to a buckle tape with a toothed jumper, which is designed to accommodate the manual deployment link cable and protect it from accidental snagging (hose length - 0.38 m).

At the top of the stiffening frame there are two round and four oblong holes (Fig. 1.32). In the two upper elongated holes, LTKkrP-43-800 tapes are fixed, which end with buckles with jagged bridges and are intended for attaching the backpack to the dorso-shoulder girths of the harness system. The LTKMkrP-27-1200 adjusting tapes are fixed in the two lower longitudinal holes.

Note: a rigid frame with two windows in the top is allowed

parts of the backpack. This knapsack has ribbons ending in yarn

kami with serrated bridges, fixed in the upper

side, and the regulating tapes are on the bottom side of the windows.

On the inside of the backpack, at a distance of 0.26 m from the top, there is a mark that limits the placement of the free ends on the backpack.

The following are stitched on the base of the backpack:

Eight loops for attaching the backpack to the harness;

Double cone lock valve;

Two scarves.

The scarves are equipped with round buckles with floating bridges, into which LTKkrP-26-600 reserve parachute fastening tapes are threaded, ending with carbines, and orange LTKkrP-26-600 ribbons, which are designed to quickly release the reserve parachute fastening tapes. On the left scarf there is a pocket for a card that replaces a passport. Above the sewing of the right gusset on the backpack there are two tie strips sewn for attaching the device hose. On the lower corners of the backpack there are sewn two pull-up tapes, made from LTKkrP-26-600 tape in two folds and designed to attract the lower corners of the backpack to the suspension system.

Double cone lock(Fig. 1.33) is designed to hold the buckles of the power tapes of the stabilizing system during stabilization and release them when the manual deployment link is pulled out or the parachute device is activated. The two-cone lock includes the following parts:

Mounting plate;

Body with two cones;

Gate with two cones;

Two shock absorbers;

Spring and adjusting washers;

Mounting plate;

Cover screw;

5 mounting screws;

Z manual vein opening(Fig. 1.34) is intended for opening the double-cone lock by the parachutist himself. It consists of a ring made of steel rod; cable 0.6 m long; limiter and wire loop. Manual opening link cable at a distance of 0.21 m from the limiter and 0.057 m from the loop

covered with polyethylene Oloch-koy. Manual link allowed

opening without a polyethylene sheath on the cable.

Safety parachute device(Fig. 1.35) is designed to open the double-cone lock if the parachutist for some reason does not pull out the manual opening link.

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With D-10 parachute system

devices of the type PPK-U-165A-D and AD-3U-D-165 are used with hoses 0.165 m long, cables 0.322 m long, loops 0.019 m long and switching cords 0.36 m long with flexible pins.

Parachute bag(Fig. 1.36) is designed for stowing a parachute system during transportation and storage.

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The rectangular parachute bag is made of avisent and has: two handles, a loop for a tag, a valve with two half-ring buckles, a cord for tightening the bag, a tag for sealing the bag, a tape for tightening the valve and a pocket.

Passport is an integral part of the parachute system and is intended for maintaining records of the reception, transfer, securing, maintenance, operation, repair and modification of the parachute system.

TO auxiliary parts include safety thread and safety cord ШХБ-20.

Safety thread they control the loop of the stabilizing system link with the ring on the backpack, the flexible pin in the shutter of the parachute device, and the shutter of the double-cone lock.

It is made of cotton yarn (you can use the core of the cord ShKhB-125, ShKhB-60).

Safety cord 0.3 m long, the rings of the stabilizer feathers are locked with the rings of the camera of the stabilizing system, while when landing from an An-2 aircraft, a Mi-8 helicopter, the ShKhB-20 is used in two folds, from an Il-76 aircraft - in one fold.

Airborne parachute systems

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Description

S domes – 100 m²;

paratrooper weight 120 kg;

Service life – 14 years;

GK-30 and GK-30-U;

165A-D or r/r link;

bags and PPK-U device.

[~PREVIEW_TEXT] =>

The parachute landing system "D-10" is designed for performing single and group jumps

from military transport aircraft and helicopters equipped for landing.

Description

Characteristics of the D-10 parachute system:

S domes – 100 m²;

Descent speed – no more than 5 m/s from flight

paratrooper weight 120 kg;

Service life – 14 years;

Possibility of attaching a cargo container

GK-30 and GK-30-U;

The system is activated by the PPK-U device

165A-D or r/r link;

System weight – no more than 11.7 kg without portable

bags and PPK-U device.

System (with the total flight weight of the parachutist

140 kg) ensures reliable operation at height

200–4,000 m with stabilization for 3 seconds

or more when leaving the aircraft at speed

38.9–111.1 m/s (140–400 km/h).

JSC "Polet" Ivanovo parachute plant is the only serial manufacturer in Russia wide range parachute equipment for human use. The company has state licenses for all types of activities related to the development, production and disposal of parachutes.

The main parachute is designed to provide a safe rate of descent and landing for the skydiver.

Main dome (bottom view):
1 - dome wedges; 2 - wedge made of Excelsior fabric; 3 - slot; 4 - attachment points and numbers of external additional slings; 5 - attachment points and numbers of internal additional slings; 6 - pole hole

Consists of a canopy base and slings. The base of the dome consists of 24 wedges (1), which form a non-flat circle with an area of 100 m 2. Each dome wedge in turn consists of seven wedges, six of which are made of nylon fabric, and one wedge (2) 50 mm wide - of Excelsior fabric, which is a mesh. The wedges are connected to each other with a “lock” seam. LTKP-13-70 nylon tapes are sewn onto the seams connecting the dome wedges. The lower edge of the dome is reinforced on both sides with nylon tape LTKP-15-185. Along the lower edge of the canopy, all slings, except slings No. 1A, 1B, 13A, 13B, have jumpers sewn from nylon tape LTKP-15-185, which are designed to prevent cases of overlapping of the canopy with slings and reduce the time of its filling. On the basis of the canopy, between slings No. 1A and 1B, 13A and 13B there are slots (3) 1.7 m long, designed to rotate the canopy during descent.

1 - main lines; 2 - external additional slings; 3 - internal additional slings; 4 - slings No. 1A, 1B, 13A, 13B; 5 - slings No. 2, 14; 6 - free ends of the suspension system.

The main parachute has 26 main lines (1), made from ShKP-150 nylon cord (of which 22 lines are 4 m long and 4 lines (4) attached to the loops of the canopy slots, 7 m long), 22 external additional lines (2) 3 m long, as well as 24 internal additional slings (3) made of ShKP-120 nylon cord 4 m long.

Additional slings are mounted to the main slings, and two internal additional slings (3) are mounted to slings No. 2 and 14 (5).

The slings are tied at one end to the hinges of the dome, at the other - to the half-ring buckles of the free ends (6) of the suspension system.

To facilitate stowing the main parachute, identification couplings made of green or blue cotton fabric are sewn on lines No. 1A, 1B and on additional line No. 24 at the lower edge of the canopy, as well as on the half-ring buckles of the harness system, and on additional line No. 12 - red or orange.

Along the lower edge of the dome, to the left of the lines, their serial numbers are indicated. There are factory markings on the outside of the canopy between lines 1A and 24.

On slings No. 1A and 13A, 1B and 13B there are sewn control slings (4) (Fig. 26), which are designed to turn the canopy and are made of red nylon cord ShKPkr-190 in two folds. The control lines are threaded through rings (2) sewn on the inside of the free ends (1) of the suspension system. One end of the left control line is attached to the line No. 13A at a distance of 1.65 m, the second - to the line No. 1A at a distance of 1.45 m from the half-ring buckles of the free ends of the suspension system. One end of the right control line is attached to the line No. 13B at a distance of 1.65 m, the second - to the line No. 1B at a distance of 1.45 m from the half-ring buckles of the free ends of the suspension system.

Control lines: 1 - free ends of the suspension system; 2 - rings; 3 - main lines; 4 - control lines; 5 - rubber belt loop

When the right control line is pulled, lines No. 1B and 13B are tensioned, pulling the lower edge of the canopy inward. The air flow coming out from under the edge where it folds creates a reaction force that rotates the canopy, and it turns to the right. When the left control line is tensioned, lines No. 1A and 13A are tensioned and the canopy turns to the left.

Turning the dome to the right (view of the dome from above): 1 - attachment point for sling No. 1B; 2 - attachment point for sling No. 1A; 3 - attachment point for sling No. 13B; 4 - attachment point for sling No. 13A; 5 - dome slots; 6 - direction of air outlet; 7 - direction of rotation of the dome

Paratrooper? What are they made of? You will find answers to these and other questions in the article. A parachute is a device made of fabric, made in the form of a semicircle, to which a load or suspension system. It slows down the movement of an object in the air. Parachutes are used to delay the movement of winged vehicles during landing and jumping from fixed objects (or from aircraft) for the purpose of safe descent and landing of cargo (people).

Varieties

Many people are interested in knowing how many lines a paratrooper’s parachute has. At first, air umbrellas were used to softly land a person on Earth. Today they are used to save people and drop them from the air. In addition, they serve as sports equipment.

For landing cargo and cars, cargo sky umbrellas were invented. Several such devices can be used simultaneously to land heavy equipment. Rescue systems on light aircraft are a variation of these. Such devices consist of a parachute and forced extension accelerators (rocket, ballistic or pyrotechnic). When does it occur dangerous situation, the pilot activates the rescue device and the plane lands on the ground using a parachute. These techniques are very often criticized.

Small stabilizing parachutes (also known as pilot chutes) help regulate body position during a relaxed descent. Deterrent air umbrellas were developed to reduce braking distances on vehicles and ships, to stop cars in drag racing. For example, the Tu-104 and early models Tu-134.

In order to reduce the speed of a spacecraft when landing on a celestial object or while moving through the atmosphere, parachutes are also used. It is known that ordinary round sky umbrellas have been developed for landing people and cargo. There are also round parachutes made in the form of a Rogallo wing, with a retracted top, ribbon parachutes for supersonic speed, parafoils - wings in the shape of an ellipse or rectangle and many others.

Devices for disembarking people

So, how many lines does a paratrooper's parachute have? For the safe landing of a person, experts have developed the following types of air umbrellas:

special purpose;
rescue;
training;
airborne;
shell gliding parachute systems (sports).

The basic types are landing (round) parachutes and “wing” systems (shell gliding means).

Types of army "air umbrellas"

Every soldier should know how many lines a paratrooper's parachute has. Army sky umbrellas come in two types: square and round. The canopy of a landing round parachute is a polygon, which, when filled with air, takes on the appearance of a hemisphere. The top has a cutout (or less dense fabric) in the center. Such systems (for example, D-5, D-10, D-6) are distinguished by the following altitude characteristics:

normal working altitude - from 800 to 1200 m;
maximum release height - 8 km;
the lowest ejection level is 200 m with a descent on a filled dome of at least 10 seconds and stabilization for 3 seconds.

Round parachutes are difficult to control. They have approximately equal horizontal and vertical speed (5 m/s). The weight of these devices is as follows:

13.8 kg (D-5);
11.7 kg (D-10);
11.5 kg (D-6).

Square parachutes (for example, the Russian “Listik” D-12, T-11 USA) have additional slots in the arch, with the help of which the paratrooper controls horizontal movement. They also improve maneuverability. Horizontal speed products - up to 5 m/s, and the descent speed - up to 4 m/s.

D-6

Now let’s find out how many lines there are in the paratrooper’s parachute D-6, which was developed by the Research Institute of Parachute Engineering (Aviation Equipment holding). It is used for combat and training jumps from transport aircraft. Previously it was used by the USSR.

Today, the modified D-6 device of the fourth series, along with the new D-10, is used by flying clubs and airborne troops. Its canopy correction system consists of lines, a link stabilizer and an apex base. Along the lower edge of the arch, 16 ropes from ShKP-200 nylon rope were threaded and stitched under the reinforcing radial tapes. The length of the outer lines, placed in a free state on each loop, from the lower edge of the top to the stabilizer loops is 520 mm, and the middle ones - 500 mm.

Nuances of D-6

The base of the D-6 dome is made of nylon material art. 560011P, and the overlay is made of the same fabric, but has art. 56006P. Between slings No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B, on the base of the dome there are slots measuring 1600 mm, designed to rotate the arch during descent. At the top there are 30 cables made from ShKP-150 nylon rope. 7 slings are attached to the free edges of the suspended structure No. 2 and 4, and 8 to No. 1 and 3.

The length of the slings in a free position from the half-ring buckles to the lower edge of the dome is 9000 mm. Marks are drawn on them at a distance of 200 mm from the lower edge of the arch and 400 mm from the half-rings-buckles of the free ends. They make the installation of canopy cables super easy. Coordinating ropes are sewn to slings No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B. The dome has an area of 83 square meters. m.

The control lines are made of red nylon rope ShKPkr. They are passed through rings sewn to the inside of the free ends of the hanging structure.

D-10

Now we’ll tell you how many lines the D-10 paratrooper’s parachute has. It is known that this sky umbrella replaced the D-6 parachute. Its squash-shaped dome with a beautiful appearance and improved characteristics has an area of 100 square meters. m.

The D-10 device was made for the landing of novice paratroopers. With its help, you can perform combat and training jumps from the Il-76 transport and military aircraft, the An-2 aircraft, and the Mi-6 and Mi-8 helicopters. During the release, the flight speed is 140-400 km/h, the lowest jump height is 200 m with stabilization for 3 seconds, the maximum is 4000 m with a flight weight of a person of 140 kg, the descent occurs at a speed of 5 m/s. The D-10 parachute has different line lengths. It weighs little and has many control possibilities.

Every serviceman knows how many lines there are in the main parachute of a D-10 paratrooper. The device has 22 ropes with a length of 4 meters and 4 cables connected to the loops of the dome slots, 7 m in size, made of ShKP-150 nylon rope.

The parachute is also equipped with 22 additional external lines made from ShKP-150 harness, 3 m long. In addition, it has 24 internal additional ropes made from ShKP-120 harness, 4 m in size, attached to the base lines. A pair of internal additional slings is attached to cables 2 and 14.

D10P

What is good about a landing parachute? D-10 and D10P are amazing systems. The D10P device is designed so that it can be converted into a D-10 and vice versa. You can practice with it without stabilizing for forced opening. Or you can attach it, put the parachute to work with adjustments - and into the plane, into the sky...

The D10P canopy is made of 24 wedges, the slings have a tensile strength of 150 kg each. Their number is identical to the number of cables of the D-10 sky umbrella.

Spare parts

How many lines does a paratrooper's reserve parachute have? It is known that the design of the D-10 allows the use of spare air umbrellas type 3-5, 3-4, 3-2. The opening of the double-cone lock is secured by parachute devices PPK-U-165A-D, AD-ZU-D-165.

Let's consider a reserve parachute device 3-5. It consists of the following parts: a canopy with slings, a suspended intermediate system, a backpack, a manual opening link, a parachute bag and passport, and auxiliary parts.

A reserve parachute helps create a safe rate of descent (landing). This is a load-bearing surface made in the form of a framed surface layer with load-bearing parts that connect the top to the suspended intermediate system.

The parachute has a round arch with an area of 50 square meters. m, which consists of four sectors made of five nylon panels. These components are sewn together with a lock stitch.

24 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon rope are attached to the dome loops. Their longitude in a free position from the lower edge of the arch to the semi-rings of the suspended intermediate system is 6.3 m. To simplify the installation of the arch, the 12th line is made of a red cord (or an identifying red sleeve is sewn onto it).

On each rope, at a distance of 1.7 m from the lower edge of the arch, there is a black mark indicating the place where the lines are completed in the cells of the backpack.

Interaction of parts

If the main parachute does not work, the paratrooper must sharply pull out the pull ring of the manual opening element with his hand. As a result, the pockets of the exhaust device located around the pole gap, finding themselves in the air flow, pull out the arch and lines of the reserve parachute from the backpack and remove the person from it.

Under the influence of air flow, the canopy of this device fully opens, ensuring a normal landing.