The unrecognized “God” of weather Anatoly Dyakov. The Wizard from Mountain Shoria

(1985 )

Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov(November 7 -) - Soviet astronomer and meteorologist. Born in the village of Omelnik. Died in March 1985 in Temirtau The main direction of research is heliometeorology: the development of an original methodology for long-term weather forecasting (for a month and a season) taking into account fluctuations in solar activity (the number of sunspots, the dynamics of their development, the ratio of the moments of passage of groups of sunspots through the central meridian of the Sun with maxima and minimums of natural oscillations earth's atmosphere).

Biography

Achievements

Based on his own methodology, Anatoly Dyakov has been producing long-term weather forecasts for some regions for a number of years globe, in particular, he predicted Hurricane Inez in 1966, which he notified Fidel Castro about in a telegram. Thanks to the warning, hundreds of ships were withdrawn from the dangerous area. He predicted a drought - the 1972 drought in the USSR. Predicted frosts in France. Participated in the All-Union Conference on Astronomy in the city of Obninsk, where he made a report in French. [What?] .

Heritage

Dyakov's meteorological laboratory was destroyed after his death, and the methodology and scientific works were largely lost. In 2012, Dyakov’s book was published (on the initiative of his son, who preserved some of his father’s original materials) “Long-term weather forecasting on an energy-climatological basis.”

Some Russian meteorologists are proactively attempting to recreate Dyakov’s method.

Criticism

Official Soviet meteorologists were skeptical of Dyakov's method. On the results of checking Dyakov’s forecasts by specialists from the USSR State Committee for Hydrometeorology: “The verification of Dyakov’s forecasts was carried out objectively and in good faith by a special commission…. The result of the audit was generally disastrous for all types of his forecasts. Despite the vagueness of his formulations, the success of the forecasts turned out to be within the range of random coincidences (about 50%).”

Family

Sister - Dyakova-Tolkacheva Olga Vitalievna - Soviet writer (1913−1973)
Son - Dyakov Kamill, lives in the village of Temirtau.

Son - Dyakov Valery (1950-1996) lived in Novokuznetsk.

Awards

Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for the successes achieved in increasing grain production.

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Notes

Literature

Giorgio V. A., Romanov N. N. “Is the use of solar activity in weather forecasting realistic at the present time?” //Meteorology and hydrology. 1973. No. 8 pp. 99-103

Excerpt characterizing Dyakov, Anatoly Vitalievich

- Well, what is there! - he said angrily, and after listening to verbal orders from his father and taking the envelopes and his father’s letter, he returned to the nursery.
- Well? - asked Prince Andrei.
– It’s all the same, wait for God’s sake. “Karl Ivanovich always says that sleep is the most precious thing,” Princess Marya whispered with a sigh. “Prince Andrei approached the child and touched him. He was burning.
- Get out with your Karl Ivanovich! “He took the glass with the drops dripped into it and approached again.
– Andre, don’t! - said Princess Marya.
But he frowned angrily and at the same time painfully at her and leaned over the child with a glass. “Well, I want it,” he said. - Well, I beg you, give it to him.
Princess Marya shrugged her shoulders, but obediently took the glass and, calling the nanny, began to give the medicine. The child screamed and wheezed. Prince Andrei, wincing, holding his head, left the room and sat down on the sofa next door.
The letters were all in his hand. He mechanically opened them and began to read. The old prince, on blue paper, in his large, oblong handwriting, using titles here and there, wrote the following:
“I received very happy news at this moment through a courier, if not a lie. Bennigsen allegedly won complete victory near Eylau over Buonaparte. In St. Petersburg everyone is rejoicing; there is no end to the number of awards sent to the army. Although he is German, congratulations. The Korchevsky commander, a certain Khandrikov, I don’t understand what he’s doing: additional people and provisions have not yet been delivered. Now jump there and tell him that I will take his head off so that everything will be done in a week. I also received a letter from Petinka about the Battle of Preussisch Eylau, he took part - it’s all true. When people do not interfere with someone who should not be interfered with, then the German beat Buonaparti. They say he is running very upset. Look, jump to Korcheva immediately and do it!”
Prince Andrei sighed and opened another envelope. It was a finely written letter from Bilibin on two pieces of paper. He folded it without reading and again read his father’s letter, which ended with the words: “Ride to Korcheva and carry it out!” “No, excuse me, now I won’t go until the child recovers,” he thought and, going up to the door, looked into the nursery. Princess Marya still stood by the crib and quietly rocked the child.
“Yes, what else does he write that is unpleasant? Prince Andrei recalled the contents of his father’s letter. Yes. Ours won a victory over Bonaparte precisely when I was not serving... Yes, yes, everyone is making fun of me... well, that’s good for you...” and he began to read Bilibin’s French letter. He read without understanding half of it, he read only in order to at least for a minute stop thinking about what he had been thinking about exclusively and painfully for too long.

Bilibin was now serving as a diplomatic official under main apartment army and, although in French, with French jokes and figures of speech, he described the entire campaign with exclusively Russian fearlessness in the face of self-condemnation and self-mockery. Bilibin wrote that his diplomatic discretion [modesty] tormented him, and that he was happy to have a faithful correspondent in Prince Andrei, to whom he could pour out all the bile that had accumulated in him at the sight of what was happening in the army. This letter was old, even before the Battle of Eylau.
"Depuis nos grands succes d"Austerlitz vous savez, mon cher Prince, wrote Bilibin, que je ne quitte plus les quartiers generaux. Decidement j"ai pris le gout de la guerre, et bien m"en a pris. Ce que j" ai vu ces trois mois, est incroyable.
“Je commence ab ovo. L'ennemi du genre humain, comme vous savez, s'attaque aux Prussiens. Les Prussiens sont nos fideles allies, qui ne nous ont trompes que trois fois depuis trois ans. Nous prenons fait et cause pour eux. Mais il se trouve que l "ennemi du genre humain ne fait nulle attention a nos beaux discours, et avec sa maniere impolie et sauvage se jette sur les Prussiens sans leur donner le temps de finir la parade commencee, en deux tours de main les rosse a plate couture et va s"installer au palais de Potsdam.
“J"ai le plus vif desir, ecrit le Roi de Prusse a Bonaparte, que V. M. soit accueillie et traitee dans mon palais d"une maniere, qui lui soit agreable et c"est avec empres sement, que j"ai pris a cet effet toutes les mesures que les circonstances me permettaient. Puisse je avoir reussi! Les generaux Prussiens se piquent de politesse envers les Francais et mettent bas les armes aux premieres sommations.
“Le chef de la garienison de Glogau avec dix mille hommes, demande au Roi de Prusse, ce qu"il doit faire s"il est somme de se rendre?... Tout cela est positif.
“Bref, esperant en imposer seulement par notre attitude militaire, il se trouve que nous voila en guerre pour tout de bon, et ce qui plus est, en guerre sur nos frontieres avec et pour le Roi de Prusse. Tout est au grand complet, il ne nous manque qu"une petite chose, c"est le general en chef. Comme il s"est trouve que les succes d"Austerlitz aurant pu etre plus decisifs si le general en chef eut ete moins jeune, on fait la revue des octogenaires et entre Prosorofsky et Kamensky, on donne la preference au derienier. Le general nous arrive en kibik a la maniere Souvoroff, et est accueilli avec des acclamations de joie et de triomphe.

Domestic astronomer and meteorologist, author of a methodology for forecasting weather on Earth taking into account fluctuations in the Sun

Since 1935 A.V. Dyakov- Head of the meteorological observatory in the village of Temirtau.

Earlier in etherology, “... the opinion was established that a certain area of high or low pressure, which has arisen in the atmosphere due to temperature differences (heating or cooling), as well as for reasons of wave and vortex movements, once it has arisen, completely determines the further nature of air movement - dynamics of air flows.

In other words, the pressure field began to be considered as main reason, which determines all weather changes.

Therefore, all the attention of weather forecasters turned to the fact that, based on certain initial physical conditions in the Earth’s atmosphere, predict the further course of development of certain pressure fields (cyclones and anticyclones) in time and space or on geographical map, or by calculation using hydromechanics equations.

This one-sided approach continued until the 70s of this century, that is, almost to the present day.

“On the contrary, I consider primarily periodic fluctuations in the energy of unstable atmospheric flows,” said Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov, - and pressure as a function subordinate to energy. Meteorologists, based on the equations of hydrodynamics, focused all their attention on pressure; energy plays a secondary role in their work.
This is what led to the poor quality of their forecasting...

In nature, so-called trigger (“trigger”) processes are known, in which a system, from a weak external influence, abruptly, abruptly passes into another state. Thus, sometimes a small influx of energy can trigger a powerful process with very significant results. In the mountains, for example, the sound of a human voice is enough to cause a destructive avalanche.

A similar thing happens in the atmosphere between air pressure fields and air flows. Air flow flowing from an area of high pressure to an area with low blood pressure, for example, from the northeast to the southwest, due to an additional influx of energy from the outside, it can increase its power so much that this will lead to a significant movement of the entire high pressure area in a completely unexpected direction (for example, to the west).

It is interesting that exactly similar cases were described by Alexander Ivanovich Voeikov more than a hundred years ago. They took place precisely during a period of high solar activity (maximum in 1870-1871).”

Golovanov L.V., Complete consonance in nature, M., “Mysl”, 1977, p. 79-80.

«... Dyakov and a happy thought came to mind - to connect two seemingly independent facts. A hypothesis arose about increased air circulation under the influence of surges in solar activity. The movement of powerful counter currents - cold and warm - appeared as two sides of one global process.”

Golovanov L.V., Complete consonance in nature, M., “Mysl”, 1977, p. 82-83.

“To give a physical and mathematical basis for the emerging idea, Dyakov turned to the variational principle of mechanics. The universal variational principle - establishes in itself general view criterion for determining changes in the state of any material systems depending on the largest and lowest values their full energy.

It is formulated as follows: to change the state of any material system that has connections, it is necessary and sufficient that its total energy reaches an extremum state (i.e., maximum or minimum).

Dyakov applied this principle to the study of the mathematical expression of atmospheric circulation energy. It turned out that the state of the highest and lowest energy values in the circulation of the Earth’s atmosphere is completely determined by the difference in the rates of change in temperatures of interacting air flows with different physical properties (warm and cold). When this difference is positive, the atmosphere is in a state of unstable equilibrium, and the energy of horizontal circulation is maximum. When this difference is negative, the atmosphere tends to a stable state, and the amount of horizontal circulation energy tends to a minimum. [...]

So, the Earth’s atmosphere is a self-oscillating system, continuously fed with energy from the outside (from the Sun), and in this external feed changes occur related to the state of solar activity. As a result, the self-oscillating system continuously experiences significant natural and forced oscillations both in phase and amplitude.

Careful determination of these fluctuations is the essence of the Dyakov weather forecast.

He called the time interval between two successive states of extremes of atmospheric circulation energy (its instability) the energy cycle of the atmosphere. Its average value is 8.6 days. As a result of physical and mathematical research, the author came to the conclusion that this period of time (as a period of oscillation) is completely subject to the basic law of self-oscillating systems. During high solar activity it increases to 12 or more days. Thus, the duration of unstable states of air flows - states of atmospheric circulation disturbances - clearly increases with increasing solar activity.

Above the territory Western Siberia, where Dyakov has been making observations for many years, specific forms of manifestation of instability of atmospheric circulation depending on fluctuations in solar activity are especially clear. Here, the maximum and minimum values of instability in the troposphere lead, as a rule, to pronounced processes of interaction between warm and cold air flows.

Back in 1938, Dyakov discovered the systematic appearance of tropical air flows over the territory of Western Siberia 3-4 days after the culmination of an active region on the Sun. In this situation, the air temperature over Western Siberia rises by several degrees (often by 10-15°), which, as a rule, is accompanied in this physical-geographical region by an increase in precipitation, stormy winds, snowstorms in winter, and in summer - thunderstorms and torrential rains. At the same time, compensatory air currents, arising according to the pattern discovered by Lear, over the European territory of the USSR, cause polar invasions, i.e., cold waves.

At solar flares, according to astrophysicists, in addition to the total energy released by the Sun, 1032 ergs are added. However, as a rule, only one two-billionth fraction of this amount of energy reaches our planet, i.e., a value of the order of 1023 erg.”

Golovanov L.V., Complete consonance in nature, M., “Mysl”, 1977, p. 85-87.

Anatoly Dyakov (1911-1985) - Soviet astrometeorologist. Studied the influence of solar activity on the weather.

Since 1932 he was a full member of the French Astronomical Society. In 1933, he would have been convicted under Article 58 (counter-revolutionary activities) and exiled to hard labor. But the authorities needed weather forecasts, and he was made a meteorologist at Gorshorlag. They were released in 1936, but were not hired anywhere. He returned to his place of exile and lived there all his life. Svobodny, he initially worked for the hydrometeorological service and, according to instructions, had to distribute its forecasts to enterprises. He refused: “I won’t spread your nonsense. I will give my own forecasts.” For this he was fired, and the weather station he built on Mount Uludag was set on fire. For five years he lived without a salary, but he did not stop studying weather for a day. In 1958, he was hired at the mine.

He built his own small observatory, the mine bought him a telescope. Sent telegrams at his own expense to different countries with disaster warnings. In 1966, Castro sent a telegram: “Gentlemen, I have the honor to warn you about the appearance of a strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third decade of September. Head of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria Anatoly Dyakov.” The forecast from distant, unknown Siberia caused considerable surprise, but the government of Liberty Island took measures just in case; the fishing boats did not go to sea. And it saved them from the severe hurricane Inez, which cost Guadeloupe, Santa Domingo and Haiti $100 million.

DYAKOV. TEMIRTAU - J.C. PECKER, director of the Astrophysical Institute, Paris: “Dear colleague, I consider it my duty to send a warning about the severity of the winter of 78-79. “According to my assumptions, we should expect very intense cold waves - in the third ten days of December, as well as January - about minus 20°.”

PARIS - DYAKOV (somewhat condescendingly):

“Thank you for the telegram. We’re already dressing in warm coats.” (Say, ha ha!)

“The severe cold snap caused a sharp increase in electricity consumption... The high-voltage main line failed. Many plants and factories stopped working... Electric trains froze... Damage is estimated at 4 billion francs..."

PARIS - DYAKOV:

“Thank you for your great foresight. Can you, dear colleague and dear friend, send a note on the technique of foresight? Is it necessary to take into account the activity of the sun and how?”

“I consider it my duty to report that during the period August 5-20 we should expect the formation of very deep cyclones in the North Atlantic. Off the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, hurricane-force winds of more than 40 m per second should appear in the eastern United States. Very strong typhoons are expected to occur in the seas of the Far East from the Philippines to Japan in August. With respect and greetings Dyakov."

8 August. “IZVESTIA”: “...3 people died, 70 houses were completely destroyed, over 19 thousand were flooded, railway lines and highways were damaged in dozens of places. These are the consequences of the typhoon over the island of Hokkaido.”

10th of August. “IZVESTIA”, “Heavy rainfalls have become a real natural disaster for the American city of Watertown (New York State). Water flooded the lower floors of houses, the work of shops and transport almost completely stopped... The damage amounts to several millions.”

August 16. "IS IT TRUE". “The typhoon came unexpectedly and hit Sakhalin with unprecedented force.”

from here: Urgent telegram dated August 23, 1978. Captain of the research vessel “Sergei Korolev” Nizhelsky to Dyakov:

"Please inform weather North Atlantic region of the Sable Peninsula period September – October months.”

“Dear captain, I am telling you my assumptions. Stormy weather with increased western and northwestern winds and waves over 5 meters are the following periods: September 5–7, September 24–28, October 10–17, October 27–28. Particularly strong storms should be expected in the third ten days of September and in the second of October. Wind speed up to 35 m/sec, waves over 8 points. The air temperature in September is plus 12–20, in October plus 8–15. Beware of icebergs moving towards Newfoundland. Their number will increase in the third ten days of September. With respect and greetings Dyakov."

“Dear Anatoly Vitalievich! Your assumptions were completely confirmed. The dates of stormy weather you indicated coincided absolutely exactly. On behalf of the crew, I express my sincere admiration for your work. Nizhelsky."

For accurate weather forecasts, Dyakov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor “for the successes achieved in increasing grain production.” After his death, Dyakov's meteorological laboratory was destroyed, and his methods and scientific works were almost completely lost.

Unusual lesson took place at Novokuznetsk Vocational Lyceum No. 10 the day before world day meteorologist, it was dedicated to our fellow Kuzbass resident, geophysicist, astronomer and unique meteorologist Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov, who became the founder of heliometeorology.

Our information:

Dyakov Anatoly Vitalievich was born on November 7, 1911 in Ukraine, near the village of Onufrievka in the family of People's Teachers. Until 1924, he studied at a seven-year school in the village of Abisamka, near Kirovograd. In 1925, as a fourteen-year-old teenager, he made a firm decision to become an astronomer and meteorologist in order to penetrate the secrets of the movements and glow of heavenly bodies, air and water, and be able to predict weather and natural disasters. After graduating from school in 1926, he began preparing for university exams. And on September 10, 1928, he was enrolled in the first year of the physics and mathematics department, faculty of the Odessa Institute of Economics. In May 1932, he received from Paris a package with documents confirming his election as a full member of the French Astronomical Society. Having graduated from the university in 1933 with a degree in physics and geophysics, he continued his studies at Moscow University. Lomonosov at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. In 1934, without being allowed to graduate from university, Anatoly Vitalievich was exiled to Siberia. In July 1936, he held the position of head of the Hydrometeorological Service for the Construction of the Gornoshorsky Railway. From July 1943 to December 1948, he held the position of head of the Meteorological Bureau of Mountain Shoria. From November 1951 to December 1952 he was the head of the Scientific Research Hydrometeorological Station of the village. Temir-Tau. In 1953, he organized a geophysical station and scientific work: “The physical mechanism of the effects of solar activity on the circulation processes of the earth’s atmosphere.”

On this day, students met with his children - Camille and Elena, who talked about their father and his work. Lyceum students, together with their teacher Olga Torgashova, who knows the Dyakov family well, collect documents and submit a request to the Novokuznetsk administration in order to name one of the city streets after this meteorologist scientist, famous for his ultra-accurate weather forecasts, who has gained fame in many countries of the world, nicknamed popularly known as the "Weather God".

He, a native of the southern steppes of Ukraine, a brilliant student at the Faculty of Astronomy of Moscow State University, came to our region with the first wave of Stalinist repressions. While still a teenager, Tolya in his hometown of Elizavetgrad, having asked for his word of honor from school teacher 70 mm telescope, comprehended the secrets of the planets, paying Special attention observations of the Sun. After graduating from Odessa University, Anatoly improved his knowledge in Moscow and was an active member of the Russian Society of World Studies Lovers.

Continuing his observations of the ancient luminary, Dyakov constantly kept a diary, where, along with mathematical calculations, he wrote down thoughts about the political situation in the country. They became the basis for arrest and sentencing to hard labor. From the Butyrka prison, the twenty-four-year-old prisoner was sent along a stage to the Mariinsky Central, and from there to the mines in Gornaya Shoria, which were being developed for the young KMK.

Construction of the Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant was underway full swing, roads and railway lines were laid across the impassable taiga, and daily weather forecasts were needed to successfully carry out the work. Despite the fact that Dyakov’s specialty was far from meteorology, he was appointed chief “weather officer” of the Gorno-Shorskaya Railway. On June 12, 1936, he made his first forecast: “Partly cloudy weather is favorable for construction work.” It all started with him.
When his term of exile ended, he remained in Kuzbass.

Dyakov settled near Temirtau, later with his own hands he built a small domed tower, which he called the “Heliometeorological Observatory of Kuzbass named after Camillus Flammarion.” All his life he followed the teachings of this French scientist, who was the first to indicate the dependence of weather on the activity of the Sun. Here, observing the activity of the star, Dyakov built a physical and mathematical model of the interaction of the main air currents with the geomagnetic field of the Earth, indicated the dependence of atmospheric processes on the dynamics of changes in the area of sunspots, which had never occurred to anyone before this “eccentric from Siberia”.

His ten-day forecasts came true almost one hundred percent, and his monthly periods were justified by more than 80 percent. Working in Temirtau, he predicted droughts and frosts in Europe, storms and typhoons in the Atlantic. He composed and sent telegrams at his own expense to England, France, India, and America. In 1966, a message was sent to Cuba: “Gentlemen, I have the honor to warn you about the appearance of a strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third ten days of September. Head of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria, Anatoly Dyakov.”

The forecast from distant, unknown Siberia caused considerable surprise, but the government of Liberty Island took measures just in case; the fishing boats did not go to sea. Later, newspapers reported about Hurricane Ines, which devastated Guadeloupe, Santa Domingo, and Haiti for $100 million. This is one example; there are many of them in the history of world meteorology in the early 70s.

Scrupulously, getting in touch with the Sun three times a day, Dyakov dictated telegrams in French to countries that were threatened by weather disasters. Thanks to his mother, he knew this language perfectly, old post magazine "Krugozor", which published the first flexible records, preserved one of his messages. And once, in the language of Camille Flammarion, whom he revered, he made a report at the first All-Union meeting “Solar-atmospheric connections in the theory of climate and weather forecasting,” held in Moscow.

Among specialists, Dyakov’s name was already widely known, but most often representatives of official science called his approach pseudoscientific, and his forecasting method was not recognized. The skeptical grins of the listeners of that famous report, for which they urgently had to find a translator into Russian, were eclipsed by shouts of “bravo” and stormy applause.

Oddly enough, fame came to Anatoly Dyakov from abroad, from there they constantly consulted with him, heads of state sent him thanks and helped him with equipment. In his native Fatherland, learned men did not notice him, but popular recognition expanded and strengthened. All shipping companies knew his address, the heads of expeditions did not set out on the route without receiving his long-term forecast, and the chairmen of collective farms did not begin sowing and harvesting.

Meanwhile, Dyakov was known as an unrecognized genius and eccentric, and his book “Forecasting long-term weather on an energy-climatic basis,” completed back in 1954, was never published, just as heliometeorology was not recognized as a science.

And yet his work was noted by the Soviet government. In 1972, Anatoly Vitalievich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for... his services in increasing grain production. And soon the Novosibirsk hydrometeorology department, under whose supervision the village station was located, fired an overly active and obstinate employee for violating labor discipline.

Despite cramped circumstances and a large family, Dyakov continued to work “on a voluntary basis” and persistently challenged official meteorologists to a competition “whose forecast is more accurate.”

Anatoly Vitalievich passed away in 1985, and with his death, heliometeorology, which gives almost one hundred percent long-term forecasts, went into oblivion. In the Temirtau Museum there is a stand in his memory; the dilapidated observatory still stands; through its telescope you can see distant planets and the Sun, which entrusted Dyakov with its hidden secrets, still hidden from the understanding of others.

His son Camille, named after the French scientist, carefully preserves his father’s works and stacks of telegrams that flocked to the Siberian village from all over the world. “Where are you, God of weather?” they still address him, but he will not answer, the genius of forecasts has taken his gift of foresight with him. In a small house on Sadovaya, 30, on an old chest of drawers, there is a photograph of him: an open, strong-willed face framed by wild once dark curls, expressive eyes containing a secret that he never revealed.

Olga Volkova.

UNKNOWN DYAKOV

(The author is a journalist from the Tashtagol city newspaper "Krasnaya Shoria" Olga Shchukina. In 1978 she graduated from the philology department of Kemerovo State University, specializing in journalism. Since then she has been working in one publication. Three times she became the absolute winner of the regional creative competition "Golden Pen").

In 1925, fifteen-year-old Tolya Dyakov published his first scientific article in the journal "World Studies" - "Results of observations of meteors." In 1932, the Astronomical Society of France accepted him as a full member.

In the same year, Anatoly Dyakov graduated from the astronomy department of Odessa University, and after some time he entered the physics and mathematics department of Moscow University.

It seemed that a wonderful future and a brilliant scientific career lay ahead of him.

And this future was not long in coming: already in 1935, he, convicted under Article 58, was offered a position... as a full-time meteorologist at Gorshorlag.

In 1958, Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov headed a small departmental weather station in the village of Temirtau, designed to serve the Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant and all enterprises included in its ore base. To the word “meteo-” Dyakov added the root “helio-”. Thus, the sun became the emblem of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria, and Dyakov himself became the pioneer of heliometeorology as a method of determining the weather in a specific area of the globe for a specific time using observations of sunspots.

In 1966, Dyakov sent a telegram to the Cuban embassy warning “about the danger of a very strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third decade of September.”

His forecast was completely confirmed.

In 1972, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor with the extravagant wording: “For the successes achieved in increasing grain production...”.

Yes, with its help, grain growers in Western Siberia, Kazakhstan, Altai and the Urals really grew good crops. But his half-century of activity as a practical scientist, his achievements and successes in the field of heliometeorology were never noticed and appreciated in his Fatherland.

In 1985, Dyakov passed away.

His scientific work "Atmospheric Dynamics", which was the meaning of his whole life, remained unpublished.

The widow of the Gornoshorsky God of Weather, Nina Grigorievna Dyakova, tells the story.

"Cannon socialism is being built...".

- Nina Grigorievna, you apparently know from Anatoly Vitalievich how he ended up in Temirtau?

In the thirty-second year, Tolya graduated from Odessa University and was assigned to Tashkent, to the astronomical observatory. And there he saw enough of the horror: people were starving, engaged in cannibalism, that’s what they were reduced to. He was also starving, he says, and almost died.

I decided to go to Moscow, and I didn’t have enough mathematical knowledge. He arrived, entered Moscow State University and one day read his Tashkent diary to his student friends, where he described the whole nightmare of “stick socialism” being built in the country - that’s what he called it. Well, they “snitched” on him. When they arrived, he didn’t lock himself, the diary showed. It’s good that you got to an investigator who asked him where to send you. Tolya said: “For construction, to Siberia.” They brought him to Mariinsk, from there he was assigned to Gorshorlag.

“... Now I’m going to get a bullet from behind...”

How did he manage to survive in those conditions?

He was only there for a year general works- built a railway on Uchulen. Among the prisoners there were many Moscow professors and scientists. They were digging a trench, and he was appointed as a census taker. Every morning, as he said, ten people were called out of the ranks - and that’s it, no one saw these people again. And then one day they call him: “Dyakov, with your things!” He thought it was the end: “I said goodbye to everyone.

I hear that they are sending me to Temir. I walk and expect that now I will get a bullet from behind. I look around - no." And when he got here - and here, in Temir, the authorities were from Gorshorlagov - they suddenly offered him to do weather forecasts. The region, they say, is unexplored... Of course, he agreed! This was in 1935. And then they settled in this house, which we later renovated and added an observatory tower to. Here, all over the mountain, there were prisoners who worked in greenhouses and grew flowers for the authorities. and in the other, where the flower gardener used to live, Tolya began to live. From then on, he took up meteorology.

When he served his sentence - three years - he went around the country to look for shelter. But I learned that if someone was released under Article 58, they would not be registered anywhere. And he came back. Started working again. And so I watched the weather for 50 years.

“I won’t spread your nonsense!”

How did you meet him?

I worked as a radio center technician in Novokuznetsk after graduating from the Novosibirsk Telecommunications College, and my parents lived in Temirtau and planted a vegetable garden. I wanted to be closer to them, but it was difficult to get a job. An opportunity arose - we swapped with one man: he went to Novokuznetsk to take my place, and I was supposed to go to the radio center instead, but I was somehow scared. At this time, Dyakov needed an assistant at the weather station. He kept visiting my mother’s neighbors and peeking at me: “Will you come and work with me?” This was in March of '46. And on September 17th we got married.

And what is it like to be the wife of an extraordinary person?

We lived well with him. He did his job - he was engaged in science, and I did mine - I raised the children, ran the household, and helped him with his work. We didn’t argue - there was no point. We lived together for 39 years, and we never had a scandal.

We didn’t buy anything, just what we needed, that’s all. They didn’t think about themselves: they either raised their children or taught them. How long have we been without pay?

In 1946, the weather station operated from the geological exploration department. In 1947, geological exploration was liquidated in the village, and we transferred to the hydrometeorological service department. This service gave its forecasts, and it was necessary to distribute them among enterprises and organizations. Tolya told them decisively:

“I won’t spread your nonsense, I’ll give my forecasts!” And for this he was fired. And soon someone set fire to the weather station on Mount Uludag.

It was hard to watch the fire. It was such an unusual architecture, like a fairytale house. Tolya himself came up with the idea: a turret with round openings, with arched windows at the bottom. How long he built it, how long we sat on flat cakes - sowing barley, threshing and baking. A whole year without a salary: as soon as he receives it, he will give it to the construction workers. Our first children died in those years - a four-month-old boy and a two-year-old girl...

For five years, by the grace of the hydrometeor, we lived without work and without money. He saved his farm. But they did not stop observing the weather. And only in 1958 he was taken into the KMK department. They had a moment there when the ore froze, and they were sued to pay a lot. Tolya spoke at the trial and managed to protect them from a fine. And for this they took him in and assigned him to the mine, and a year later they included me on the staff. Then it became easier for us: his salary was 140 rubles and mine was 90. We raised four children.

We worked together with him and made forecasts. I typed them on a typewriter, made envelopes and sent them out. We served the south of Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan.

“Here, Tolya, is your wife...”

No, he had Ariadna Ivanovna. Candidate of Sciences, mathematician, smartest woman. It was she who, when I first appeared, saw me, a girl (I was 14 years younger than him, and she was 9 years older), and told him: “Here, Tolya, you have a wife, but I don’t want to stay here anymore, I I'll leave." Tolya studied at Moscow University with her, they sat on the same bench. When he was taken away, they soon imprisoned her husband, and they began to evict her from Moscow. “Before meeting you, did Dyakov live alone?”

When Tolya was free and went to see Moscow, he met her there and invited her to Temir. She agreed and came. And then there’s the war. Well, I stayed. Throughout the war she taught German at school, spoke it fluently, and we still have her books in German. And after the war I didn’t want to stay here. Needless to say... Here they were ridiculed by ordinary people. They somehow didn’t work out like human beings, not like everyone else. When a cow gets sick, they cover it from the sun with a sheet in the summer. But people find it funny... Or they said something else, but I don’t believe that when they want milk, they go and milk a cow - that’s not true. But, of course, both he and she were strange.

Ariadna Ivanovna left, and we got married. And when we were feeling bad, when we were unemployed, she sent us parcels all the time - clothes for the children, candy. And every month I transferred forty rubles - 20 rubles twice. All my life until I died. And she died five years after Voroshilov’s death, I forgot what year.

And she always sent him the newspaper L'Humanité. Until he himself was able to write her out. And she sent clothes for him. Not a word about me, as if there was no one.

And then he brought her here - she was already sick, weak, and could barely walk. She stayed with us for a month, didn’t want any more, he took her back. And then soon she died, she was bad. But she still managed to be here before her death and look at us. And we keep the photograph.

"Weather God, Weather God!"

You, friend and wife, knew him better than anyone. What was he like?

He somehow didn’t get along with people, he was all alone. He was doing his science. He had no friends at all. We never went to visit, we never indulged in drinking. No holidays, just everyday life. If only the correspondents came with their own cognac, then he would take a sip and immediately drink it with milk.

But he was a very interesting conversationalist. If anyone gets to him - wow! - I could talk for days.

It wasn't boring, no. He understood humor and loved jokes. He knew a lot, you could sit and talk with him all day and learn more and more new things. Because he read a lot, we ordered a huge amount of literature - both books and periodicals. And if he sees something interesting, he immediately tells me: “Drop everything, sit down, read it!” At school - he taught there during the war - they called him a “walking encyclopedia”. He taught geography, but he could also have studied physics, mathematics, literature, astronomy, and history... He was fluent in French, read and translated in German and English. He was keenly interested in medicine and wrote out prescriptions for himself at the pharmacy in Latin. He especially knew meteorology: all the disasters on Earth - where, when, what happened. It's easier to say what he didn't know.

And what kind of head did he have? But none of the children were born with such and such a head. Probably, it is rarely given to anyone...

He took good care of his health, never got sick with anything in his life, didn’t even have a runny nose. Every day I did physical exercises: I bounced like a ball, despite the fact that it was dense and full. And doused himself at any time of the year cold water. The ice is thrown out of the bucket and stands there, dousing itself. In April I was already walking barefoot in the snow.

He always went to the mine, in the center of the village, barefoot, and kept his shoes under his arm. How to enter the building - then I put it on.

Otherwise, I didn’t think about myself. Didn't worry whether he had anything to wear or nothing. If only there was food. After all, just as he endured hunger, he still had fear. But he was unpretentious about food. I didn’t eat meat, but liked dairy foods more. We've kept a cow all these years. Let's go mowing with him, we'll take the equipment with us to note what the temperature was. We’ll walk eight rows: “Everyone, let’s go home. You can’t get too tired, that’s enough for today.” I say: “Well, whatever you want, I won’t go.” Then, when the children grew up - Camilla is ten, Valera is twelve - she mowed with them. So he knew how to do everything, but he was lazy. But he will redo his scientific work 20 times, if something goes wrong. And here physical work did not love. In farming he knew everything scientifically, but... In our country, not all time coincides with science, in farming.

He did not draw - only spots on the Sun. I don’t think I’ve ever seen him write poetry. But he had a good voice, but I remember he sang only once in his life - an aria from some opera. He loved to listen to them. We had a lot of records - and all operas. And now the records are stored if they have not deteriorated due to dampness. There is nowhere to turn.

But his main hobby was, of course, work. It worked out for him long years such a system: reads, writes, analyzes all night until three or four hours. Then he goes to rest and gets up at 11-12 noon. I made morning observations and at lunchtime, and he did the evening observations, at 10 p.m., himself.

Since childhood, I remembered his appearance, striking the imagination: an eagle profile, tenacious blue eyes, a beret on his lush grayish curls and completely unusual for that time golf trousers tucked into woolen leggings...

Yes, such clothes seemed comfortable to him. He gets dressed, goes somewhere, and the kids chase him, shouting: “God of the weather, God of the weather!” At first he will snap back and follow them. And then he stopped paying attention. Everyone then called him the God of Weather, and even our mountain, where he built the observatory, was renamed “God of Weather.”

And I sewed his clothes myself. He didn’t like it when long trouser legs dangled in his legs, and for financial reasons. I remember he went to Moscow, to the Academy of Sciences, to give a report. I made him a checkered suit - a jacket and golf pants. He arrived, and they took him to the police... Apparently, he also seemed strange to them. They found out what was wrong and released him.

“Don’t you dare spoil the children’s nerves!”

Did Anatoly Vitalievich keep diaries?

No. The one he kept in his youth was taken to the NKVD, and since then he has not written diaries. Weaned off once and for all. I kept everything in my memory. But there's something he's into last years he started writing, he has a notebook... It seems that it describes the place where he was born, in Ukraine. His sister lived in Crimea, the writer Olga Vitalievna Dyakova. She was a member of the Union of Journalists and published the book " Soviet people"I visited her in 1975, when I went to spray glass for a telescope at the Crimean Observatory. Olga had no children.

Tolya’s mother also lived in Crimea and died suddenly at 82 years old. The parents were, it seems, teachers. He remembered his two grandmothers: one Ukrainian, the other Greek. Everyone told him “non-Russian,” and everyone argued so much about his hair that he wore a wig, they even argued with the hairdresser. Then it became clear that it was not a wig when it thinned out. And I turned into a home hairdresser: like summer, I cut my hair bald.

Did he find time for the children?

The house was small, 15 square meters in total, and there were six of us in it. The work is here, the children are here. They climb onto his desk and write with him, on books and everywhere. If I started to scold them, he said: “Don’t you dare spoil the children’s nerves!” He never laid a finger on anyone, I managed everyone. When they were little, he read fairy tales to them and bought them books. Until they went outside. As soon as they went outside, that’s it, they have their own friends. And before school, he worked with them a lot. When he died, so... Oh, they felt sorry for him!..

I remember Camille was studying, his father would receive 60 rubles in advance and quickly run to the post office to transfer it to him. He’s 60, Lena gets 30 twice a month - and now she has no salary. Kamill graduated from the Faculty of Physics of Minsk University. Lena is the Irkutsk Meteorological College, Sasha is a flight school in Buguruslan, and Valera is a mining college in Osinniki. Everyone is working, everyone is busy.

"I will be recognized after death."

Was Dyakov famous during his lifetime?

He kept saying: “I will be recognized only after death.” Maybe that’s why he wasn’t afraid of death, he even wanted to die. He said: “Let’s leave this life together. The scoundrels have won. I can’t take it anymore!” But he was young and healthy...

I was very worried that he was not recognized in the scientific world. He wrote a work on heliometeorology, it’s called, I think, “Dynamics of the Atmosphere.” This is his life's work. The manuscript was typed in two copies: one in Russian, the other in French. Camille wanted to have it printed in Leningrad, but he failed. Here somewhere they promised to publish it - the same thing, they didn’t publish it.

Tolya intended to send it abroad to be published there, but he was afraid that it would not arrive or that they would take it and appropriate it - he had read a lot about such cases in science. I wanted to go myself, I filled out the documents, but... Article 58 didn’t let him in.

He kept going to the academy, always proving that he was right. In 1972, he finally returned in triumph and made a report in Moscow. Then in Odessa he gave a report at the Minsk Academy of Sciences. They seemed to recognize him, but not everyone. When he spoke in Leningrad, five scientists were for and five were against his theory. But now they say on TV all the time that sunspots affect people and the entire atmosphere. Now this fact has been recognized, but previously it was denied... But he proved everything. He had been observing these spots for a long time. Since the forties, we have accumulated observations with him. At first there were no instruments, so he went to Alma-Ata, there they gave him a pipe - it is still alive, that pipe - and we adapted with him: we made a hole in the entryway, put the pipe in it and sketched out the spots.

And then they bought him (I think the mine) a student telescope. And so we go out into the street with him, he sketches, and I stand, twisting - the earth is moving. And then, when the mine gave us a new house in 1960, we added a tower to the old one. They hired people - the brick had been purchased even earlier - and built the tower at their own expense. I did all the plaster work inside.

Tolya contacted the French and asked our government to buy a telescope from them, so they did. And the dome also came from France, and the installation. The mine management allocated equipment for installation, and the pipe was machined in the machine shop. And they began to conduct observations using real, good equipment.

"He was applauded by Gabrielle Flammarion."

What kind of relationship did Dyakov have with France?

After all, since 1932 he was a full member of the French Astronomical Society and sent his works there. His favorite scientist was the French astronomer Camille Flammarion; he mastered French on his own so that he could read his works in the original, and named his son after him. And in 1972 he predicted to the French harsh winter, and his forecast was completely confirmed. He had a dream - to visit France, to Flammarion’s grave, to meet his wife Gabrielle. And he still met her - but not in France, where he was not allowed, but in Moscow at the X Congress of the International Astronomical Union, back in 1958. Anatoly made a report there that, based on observing the Sun, it is possible to predict the weather with great accuracy, moreover, in a given area and for a specific period of time. Everyone applauded him then, and she too. She was already an old, old old lady. Now she is no longer alive.

Did any of the children continue their father's work? Does he have followers?

He hoped for Camille. After graduating from university, Camille remained to work at the Minsk Academy. His father invited him to visit him, and he came in 1978. He told Camille everything and gave him books to read. His son worked with him for eight years and without him for two years. He gave forecasts, but, of course, not like his father. He could not work according to his method in meteorology. He had an intuition, or something. It happened that he would come out onto the porch and immediately look: what kind of clouds, what kind of wind is coming from. On a sunny day he climbs into the tower and observes. When he left for Moscow, I made his observations in the tower. After his death in the 90s, the service was liquidated, the mine sold the telescope... And why do we need a weather station without forecasts? She wasn’t really needed with forecasts either. And all these years, even when we Once again They closed us down, gave us forecasts and did not give up observations. We have accumulated observations since the forties. I still lead them now. There is no way to watch the sun, but I record the temperature. I know that it won’t be useful to anyone, but I’m doing it for myself. I'm most interested.

"My end has come..."

His birthday is November 7th. And on November 7, 1984, he fell ill. We gathered, the children all arrived. They started talking about science, about some scientist. And he suddenly forgot this scientist! And I couldn't remember. We went with him to spend the night in an old house ik. And here he is - oh yes oh - walking. "What's wrong with you? Does anything hurt?" - I ask. "No".

In the morning they called a doctor, who sent him for examination to Kaz. They decided that he urgently needed to be taken to Novokuznetsk. He was examined for a week and the conclusion was made: cerebral stroke. He didn't remember anyone, not even the children. And he recognized me: when I arrived at the hospital, he grabbed me: “Take me away from here, take me away quickly!” The next day he was discharged and we returned home. It used to be that I would come to his old house, in his “working office”, he would talk, talk incessantly, but here he was silent. He sits down, eats, lies down on the sofa. There is a shelf above the sofa, and books on the shelf. So he takes out one book, then another, rearranges them, but cannot read. I conduct observations and manage the housework. I’ll bring him something to eat: he’ll eat and he’ll lie down, he’ll eat and he’ll lie down.

The New Year has passed, February has arrived.

On February 15th in the morning I came and looked - he got up, got dressed, put on his shoes. I bring newspapers, he sits down and reads them. I was surprised: what is this, I think this has not happened since the very beginning of the disease, I probably recovered. I ask: “Tolya, do you remember our children?” And he: “Are you crazy? How come I don’t remember them?” “Well, tell me, what year was Valera born?” He named everyone, he knows everyone.

I sat down to read the newspapers. I'm glad, not glad, I left. I came back, and apparently he wanted to split a piece of wood, he took the ax, and it grabbed him again: “I,” he says, “immediately everything hurt.” I ran for the medicine, brought it, and it was lying on the floor. “Tolya, why are you sprawled on the floor? Did you fall or what?” - “No, I lay down - it’s hard...”.

I called Camille, he was at the station, on the mountain: “Camille, my father is bad!” He arrived right away - he skied down. He asks: “Dad, what’s wrong with you?” And he says: “Camille, my end has come, I’m dying.” I called an ambulance, the doctor arrived, let’s give him an injection, but he had never given an injection in his life. They persuaded him. Apparently, she felt better a little, and he started asking her about medicine. She was getting ready to see another patient, but he still wouldn’t let her go: sit, sit, sit. She left anyway, and 15 minutes later he felt ill. Heart stopped...

It was Friday, and I went to the mine in order to withdraw 600 rubles from my savings book before the weekend.

He died on the fifteenth at fifteen hours and fifteen minutes. All fifteen...

They were buried in the cold. It was probably twenty degrees, but the sun was shining brightly. There were a lot of people, they came from Kemerovo and Novokuznetsk. They carried him along Central Street, past the mine administration, and carried him in their arms to the very graves; they didn’t even put the coffin on the car. True, he asked to be buried not there, but on the top of the mountain, near the observatory, but who would allow it? And now this observatory no longer exists...

They buried me, everyone left, but I stayed. And I’ve been living like this for 13 years now...

Recorded by Olga SHCHUKINA.

November 7, 2016 marks the 105th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding scientist heliometeorologist and educator A.V. Dyakova

Anatoly Vitalievich was born in the village of Onufrievka, Kherson province, into a family folk teachers. His mother was fluent in French and managed to instill in her son an interest in learning foreign languages. The father, an insightful and ironic man, knew history from ancient times, Latin and Greek, was a gifted musician, played the violin and led the school choir. Anatoly spent long hours in his father's library, reading books on history and astronomy.

Later, the family moved to the village of Abisamka near Elizavetgrad, where the boy witnessed disasters and cruelties Civil War: executions, robberies, hunger, cold, epidemics. The drought that hit the south of Ukraine and the Volga region in 1921, North Caucasus, south of Western Siberia, forced millions of people to starve. It was a huge disaster, and Anatoly even then began to think about whether it was possible to prevent it or to warn about it in advance, so that people had time to prepare and be able to survive.

In 1924, the family moved to Kirovograd (formerly Elizavetgrad), and the boy, after completing seven years, entered a vocational school. It was there, in Kirovograd, that a fourteen-year-old teenager took firm decision become an astronomer and meteorologist. He dreamed of penetrating the secrets of the movement and glow of heavenly bodies, air and water, in order to learn how to predict natural disasters such as droughts that destroy crops over vast territories. “Even then I read a pile of books on meteorology and astronomy - Russian popularizers Vakhterov and Lunkevich, outstanding Russian meteorologists A.I. Voeikova and A.V. Klossovsky, the books of the remarkable French writer-astronomer Camille Flammarion “Atmosphere” and “Popular Astronomy”, “Astronomical Evenings” by Klein, “The Universe” by V. Mayer, “The Science of Heaven and Earth” by Ignatiev,” recalled Anatoly Vitalievich. - Written by the living intelligible language, elevated poetic style, beautifully illustrated, these books had a strong effect on young hearts and minds, and I was not the only one who became interested in the great sciences about the Cosmos under the influence of reading such talentedly written literature.”

An astronomy club was also created at the vocational school where Anatoly studied. He was elected secretary of the circle. Using a telescope received from a physics teacher, the young man conducts astronomical observations and sends monthly reports to ROLM. Soon the results of the young astronomer’s observations of sun spots and the Perseid meteor shower. In 1925 - 1926, Anatoly gave lectures on astronomy to the Red Army soldiers and workers. At first, they perceived the fourteen-year-old educator with some irony, but then they were imbued with majestic ideas about the structure of the Cosmos, the beauty and splendor of which the lecturer managed to convey using bright pictures on the screen.

In 1925, Anatoly Dyakov observed a remarkable astronomical phenomenon - the flight of a huge fireball, larger than the lunar disk, the phenomenon of which lasted at least 20 seconds, which he would later talk about in his autobiographical notes.

In 1928, Anatoly Dyakov entered the physics and mathematics department of the university in Odessa. Here he receives training in general physics, mathematics, astronomy, geophysics, and meteorology. All these courses were taught by prominent scientists of that time.

In Odessa, ROLM had an independent branch, and 18-year-old Dyakov became its full member. He gives lectures on astronomy at factories and workers' clubs, makes reports at society meetings on the theory of K.E. Tsiolkovsky regarding interplanetary communications, as well as the astronomical theory of meteors.

The young man settled in the unfinished People's Observatory of the Odessa branch of ROLM, next to Taras Shevchenko Park. Here, to the rustle of chestnut leaves, he diligently studied university courses. Anatoly’s morning began with exercises and dousing with cold water. He retained the habit of hardening with cold water until the end of his life.

An important event for Dyakov was participation in the 1st All-Union Congress of Physicists, which was held in Odessa in 1930. In addition to domestic scientific luminaries, such as A.F. Ioffe, Ya.I. Frenkel, I.E. Tamm, leading foreign physicists from Germany, France, and Switzerland arrived at the congress. That's when Anatoly's knowledge came in handy French! However, by that time he knew German, English and a little Czech. Accompanying the talented Swiss scientist F. Goutermans as a guide, he introduced the guest to Odessa and listened with interest to his stories about the possibility of releasing the energy of the atomic nucleus - F. Goutermans devoted his report to this topic at the congress. To many, even outstanding scientists, at that time the liberation of atomic energy seemed like a fantasy, a fable.

Anatoly studied astronomy with the director of the Odessa Observatory, Professor A.Ya. Orlova. The professor offered the capable student the position of assistant; Dyakov helped the senior astronomer of the observatory, Professor N.M., make calculations. Michalsky, who studied the orbits of small planets. It was a useful experience: “I trained, as they say, got my hands on the most complex astronomical calculations - ephemerides, orbits and planetary perturbations,” Dyakov recalled.

In Paris, on March 2, 1932, at a meeting of the French Astronomical Society at the Sorbonne, Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov was elected in absentia as a full member of this society. In May, he receives a membership card number 12748 by mail.

After graduating from the institute, the young specialist is sent to the observatory of the city of Tashkent. After working there for several months, he decides to continue his studies at Moscow State University state university named after M.V. Lomonosov and sends his documents to Moscow. He is accepted immediately into the fourth year, and he successfully studies for two years at the university. In December 1934, S.M. is murdered. Kirov. The country is shocked by this event. At one of the student meetings, Anatoly reads his travelogue about S.M. Kirov, in which he speaks with delight about the activities of Sergei Mironovich. About these “travel notes” that seemed suspicious, a certain “well-wisher” informed the relevant authorities.

Student A.V. Dyakov is arrested, searched and put in prison.

The seized “travel notes” were written on the Moscow-Tashkent passenger train. The young man described his impressions of everything he saw along the way. The investigator, having studied the records, said: “Of course, these diaries do not pose a serious danger, but all I can do for you is to send you to correctional labor in a certain area, at your request.” Anatoly Vitalievich chose Kuznetskstroy. So he ended up in Siberia, in the Mariinsky distribution center. Then it is sent to the construction of the Mundybash - Tashtagol railway. Construction took place in the mountains, near the Uchulen River. For several months, Anatoly carried stones and soil in a wheelbarrow. This physically exhausting work in heat and cold was considered the most difficult; no one could stand it for more than a year. Popular wisdom says: “If you do not betray your profession, then your profession will always help you out.” And so it happened. To the meteorological service during the construction of the railway, a competent, certified specialist. Such a specialist turned out to be A.V. Dyakov. He is appointed head of the weather service and is given four weather stations under his command. He was given a task - an accurate forecast. On July 12, 1936, he gives the first forecast for the next day: “Partly cloudy weather is favorable for construction work.”

Scientists Fitzroy, Klassovsky, Flammarion, Dove and others developed the thesis of two atmospheric flows - warm (equatorial) and cold (polar), on changes in the power of which the weather on our planet depends. These flows are “conducted” by the Sun. During explosions on the star, the “solar wind” flies towards the Earth, causing magnetic storms that influence the formation of weather on the planet.

In turn, solar activity is influenced by many factors, of which three, the most important, can be calculated: the periods of revolution of the planets, their direction magnetic field and the approach of planets to each other. Moreover, the most powerful effect is produced by the so-called “parade of planets”, when for an outside observer they seem to overlap each other and a kind of gravitational tube with two or three lenses is formed. The radiation from the stars running along the planets lined up in a parade is focused by a kind of “gravitational tube” on the Sun, forming gigantic explosive processes on it, and this, as A.L. proved long ago. Chizhevsky, causes violent changes in both the weather on Earth and activates social “cataclysms” on the planet.

In 1938 A.V. Dyakov is already discovering a pattern between certain activity on the Sun and the appearance of streams of tropical air masses over Western Siberia. These flows were accompanied by rising temperatures, increased precipitation, heavy winds, snowstorms in winter and thunderstorms in summer. But in order to understand this process, Anatoly Vitalievich begins to collect statistical data about the weather. He reviews and studies all available climatic material, right up to the Nikon Chronicle.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War the south of Western Siberia becomes the most important strategic mineral resource base of the country. During these difficult times, the accuracy of long-range weather forecasts is of paramount importance.

In 1944, by order of the Deputy Minister of Ferrous Metallurgy, Academician I.P. Bardin, the Meteorological Bureau of Mountain Shoria was founded at the West Siberian Geological Exploration Trust. Geophysicist A.V. was appointed head of this bureau. Dyakov.

From 1946 to 1950, under the leadership of A.V. Dyakov, construction of an observatory-type weather station was carried out at the expense of the West Siberian Geological Exploration Trust. For the construction of the building and the organization of work, a plot was assigned on the top of the Ulu-Dag mountain (translated from Turkic as Big Mountain), with an area of 15 hectares for a climate reserve and 8 hectares for a meteorological station. Anatoly Dyakov gave the name Camille Flammarion to the Gorno-Shorskaya heliometric observatory. He appreciated the place where it was located - in the middle of the continent, at an equal distance from the four oceans, the top of a mountain from which it opened beautiful view picturesque Mountain Shoria.

In the decision life difficulties, in harsh conditions and hardships, under the “hammer” of circumstances, the character of Anatoly Vitalievich, a scientist and a person devoted to the study and service of the Truth, was tested and tempered.

In 1954, having not received a review from leading scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences (out of five reviews, four are negative) for his work “On predicting long-term weather on an energy-climatic basis,” Anatoly Vitalievich wrote an extensive letter to the USSR Academy of Sciences: “Not one honest and brave the author will not allow himself to direct the presentation of his works towards prejudiced readers, but will write as the conscience of a seeker of objective truths tells him! Thus, neither Galileo, nor Copernicus, nor Giordano Bruno, whose lives and works are great examples for us, ever focused on prejudiced readers who were captive of medieval ideas about the world, although such readers had great power and even destroyed Giordano Bruno and betrayed Galileo civil execution! The attempts of those authors who aimed at prejudiced readers out of cowardice or selfish aspirations have been condemned by history as unworthy and fruitless.”

In August 1958, in Moscow, at the tenth assembly of the International Astronomical Union, Dyakov presented the results of his research. Here he meets the Secretary General of the French Astronomical Society, the heroic woman Gabriella Flammarion. “We met in a huge, high-rise building of the Ukraine Hotel, on Kutuzovsky Prospekt. Madame Flammarion was given a luxurious room on the second floor. At this time, she was already an 89-year-old woman, bent under the weight of years, but with surprisingly lively, inspired eyes. Lost in thoughts about the past, she told me many of the most touching memories of their life together and creative work, since 1900, with the great educator - Camille Flammarion, whom she called Prometheus! Saying goodbye to me, Madame Gabrielle Flammarion said: “I love your country and admire its people. Be sure to come and visit me and bow to the grave of our beloved Teacher.”

Since 1956, Anatoly Vitalievich began to provide his weather forecasts to various organizations and departments. Hurricane warning telegrams were received at the Cuban Embassy. Anatoly Vitalievich made a forecast about drought in the USSR and frost in France. By 1972, there were already more than 50 confirmed weather forecasts about natural disasters in various countries. Many lives were saved and consequences were prevented in time.

In the fall of 1972, the first all-Union meeting on the problem “Solar-atmospheric connections in the theory of climate and weather forecast” was held. One of the meeting participants recalled: “... the hall was so full that it could not accommodate everyone who wanted to listen to the head of the Gornaya Shoria research station, who was almost officially called the “God of Weather.” People also settled in the lobby and foyer, which were radio-equipped. Dyakov came to the podium and said: “The report is dedicated to the blessed memory of the Great Teacher of Astronomy and Meteorology, founder of the French Astronomical Society, Camille Flammarion, by the author, a full member of the French Astronomical Society since 1932.” The report was called: “Use of information on solar activity in hydrometeorological forecasting for long periods (1940 - 1972).” Dyakov did not look into the text, spoke freely and convincingly, he cited complex formulas from memory, quoted excerpts from the works of famous and little-known scientists, building a logical chain of evidence for his theory of long-term forecasts...” At the conclusion of the report, Dyakov noted: “Meteorology as a science is not We must forget that the atmosphere is not an isolated or closed environment; it is subject to influence from the outside, including the activity of the Sun. Currently, accounting in meteorological forecasts active phenomena on the Sun has become a necessity.”

The great contribution of Anatoly Vitalievich’s dedicated scientific work to the Common Good of our Country and the World.

At school number 20 in the village of Temir-Tau, where Anatoly Vitalievich worked, an astronomical group is engaged, students regularly take part in astronomical scientific conferences, astronomical Olympiads held at the Novokuznetsk planetarium, which Anatoly Vitalievich visited and collaborated with the team.

The scientific works of Anatoly Vitalievich, kept by his son Kamill Anatolyevich, are awaiting publication and in-depth study.

For centuries, the places where the creative psychic energy of the human spirit entered into cooperation with the Energies of the Cosmos, the Energies of the Higher Worlds, the Higher Planets, and the Energies of the Luminaries have retained high energy.

Let's believe that science Center named after the outstanding French astronomer and educator Camille Nicolas Flammarion, founded by heliometeorologist Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov, on the top of Mount Ulu-Dag, in the urban-type settlement of Temir-Tau, Kemerovo region, will be restored and will operate, and we will be able to visit it, where we will rush to To the Distant Worlds near and far Space!

Vitaly Asanov.

Spiritual father and Teacher of all life A.V. Dyakov considered the French astronomer and educator Camille Flammarion (02/26/1842 - 06/03/1925).

In 1861, at the age of 19, Camille Nicolas published a creative scientific work, the book “The Plurality of Inhabited Worlds.” The book describes the unique experience of traveling through the planets of the solar system, and observing visible planets and constellations on them in the sky.

From 1858 to 1862, Camille Nicolas worked under the leadership of Le Verrier as a calculator at the Paris Observatory, from 1862 to 1866 he worked at the Bureau of Longitudes, and from 1876 to 1882 he was an employee of the Paris Observatory.

In 1887 he founded the French Astronomical Society. The society pursued exclusively popularization goals. Thanks to the generous donation of an astronomy enthusiast and fan of his books, K.N. Flammarion founded a private observatory in Juvisy, near Paris, where he made observations mainly of planets and double stars. The observatory at Juvisy is still open.

In addition to astronomy K.N. Flammarion worked on problems of volcanology, the earth's atmosphere, and climatology. In 1867-1880 he made several ascents to balloons for the purpose of studying atmospheric phenomena, in particular atmospheric electricity.

With the name K.N. Flammarion in Russia was associated with the development of Russian amateur astronomy, which attracted not only specialists, but also teachers, doctors, engineers, agronomists, students... In 1909, astronomers and geophysicists from St. Petersburg organized the Russian Society of World Science Amateurs (ROLM). The chairman was a prominent scientist, member of the People’s Will, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Morozov, the author of many fascinating books on astronomy and chemistry. ROLM began with a few dozen enthusiasts, later it numbered thousands of people. The society had divisions, circles in the most major cities countries. Annual reports were practiced, and detailed minutes of meetings were kept outlining the essence of scientific reports. The society had its own emblem - the winged Sun, a symbol of worship of the ancient Egyptians, and its own anthem, the first verse of which sounded like this:

Shine, winged Sun, shine

Above our native Earth!

And drive away the clouds of ignorance,

Let Light triumph over darkness!

Camille Flammarion, having learned about the existence of the Society of Astronomy Amateurs in Russia, telegraphed to the participants of ROLM: “I am happy, feeling that in the depths of your vast country hearts are beating for ideas dear to me - the struggle for Truth and the Light of Knowledge.”