Maintenance of life expectancy of marmosets at home. Marmoset - the planet's tiny primate

Do you still buy toys in the store? After reading this article, you will want to make toys for children with your own hands.

In order for children to be smart, quick-witted, and cheerful, parents must organize conditions for play and creativity. In the process of playing, the child learns everything that surrounds him in life. While playing, the baby perceives information faster. Happy childhood It’s impossible without toys. Let's talk about how to make your own toys for children of different ages.

DIY toys for children under one year old

You can find many educational toys on store shelves. But let's clarify what an educational toy is.

A toy with the help of which a child learns something new is considered educational. We can say that every toy is educational.

After all, even the simplest rattle will teach the baby to control his hands and understand where the sound is coming from. To develop your children's abilities, you don't have to buy expensive entertainment. You can make simple and useful toys. For example:

Educational cube. Each side of such a cube is made of different surfaces: smooth, rough, rustling, fabric, yarn. You can add flowers, pockets, appliqués, whatever your imagination suggests. The cube will be interesting for children under one year old

Figures. You can make a toy with figures from cardboard and colored paper. The child will become familiar with colors and shapes. Finger motor skills also develop. Toy from one to two years

Development board. Children from young to old will like it. Thanks to her, logic and fine motor skills develop. The baby can be carried away for a long time by studying all the details of this wonderful device.

Video: A simple educational toy made from bottles

Select toys according to age. Just as a two-year-old baby is unlikely to be interested in rattles, a baby under one year old will not like more intricate toys that require ingenuity.

What toys are suitable for children under one year old? The simplest ones:

Little books
Cubes
Textile balls
Toys with mirror

Basic requirements for toys:

Safety. Small details must be well secured. At this age, children put everything in their mouth.
Brightness. Variegated colors are recommended by psychologists for such an early age
Simplicity. The toy should not be complicated. A baby at this age needs up to five different textures.

DIY paper toys for children

Draw a sun, a hedgehog, ladybug. Then decorate them. You can print ready-made figures. Glue onto cardboard. Now you can put on the clothespins. Great toy for fine motor skills, development of perseverance, learning colors

Cut out many different shapes: heart, square, triangle, circle. On the container, label a cell for each shape. Let your baby learn to sort. Logic develops during this game

Lacing toy. Suitable for children from two years old. At this age, the child will be able to attach a mushroom to a hedgehog and then tie it with a string. Develops logic, motor skills, coordination of movements

DIY wooden toys for children

Wooden toys are environmentally friendly. Wooden toys cannot be called simple, because their manufacture requires skill and special tools. But if dad or grandpa has golden hands, then wooden toys will live on the shelf in your nursery.

Wooden toys seem uninteresting to many, but if you decorate them, they will turn from boring into bright and cheerful.

Below are ideas for making wooden toys.

DIY cardboard toys for children

If you arm yourself with cardboard, glue, scissors, colored paper and limitless imagination, you can create entire masterpieces. An example in the next photo.

It seems that cardboard is a fragile material, so toys made from it are short-lived. However, if you use cardboard correctly, add other elements, you will get a pretty durable toy.

From cardboard you can make trains, animals, cars and other toys that your baby will love.

DIY boxed toys for children

Children love to play in the houses. It's boiling there whole life. There they put the dolls to sleep and almost live on their own. There they cook food for their toy friends. You can make a house out of a large cardboard box.

In addition, you can make a children's kitchen.

Many people wanted to be on TV as children. You can give your children this opportunity by making a cardboard TV.

DIY thread toys for children

If you know how to knit, then be sure to knit a soft toy for your child. A handmade product is especially expensive. Maybe this will be the child's favorite character.

Or just funny little animals.

It is not necessary to knit animals; you can knit soft balls. Place buckwheat or beans inside.

To make a toy out of threads, you don’t have to know how to knit. You can make dolls from threads.

Interesting: when there was not such a variety of toys as now, children played with dolls made of thread.

DIY sock toys for children

To create toys with your own hands, any available materials, even socks, are suitable. It would seem, what kind of toys can be made from socks? But you can make very beautiful and interesting toys from socks.

DIY pompom toys for children

Toys made from pompoms are soft and pleasant to the touch. You can easily make them yourself. Make a toy out of a pompom with your child; children from two years old will love this activity.

You can buy ready-made pompoms or make them yourself from yarn.

Pictures of DIY toys for children

With the help of educational cards you can learn colors, shapes, animals.

Making your own cards is very easy. Print ready-made templates, color and study.

You can print ready-made pictures.

You can make puzzles.

DIY toy craft for children

If you want to do original toy with your own hands, make a bright book with different textures.

Required materials:

Scissors
Threads
Scraps of fabric
Buttons
Accessories
Sintepon, foil

Master class:

Decide on the size and quantity of your book. Cut two rectangles from the same fabric
Sew the edges, do not sew one edge yet. Insert a piece of padding polyester or foil inside. Then sew the last edge. This will be one spread of your book.
Do the rest of the pages
Fold them into a book and stitch in the middle
Decorate the pages as you wish: sew on rustling elements, soft pieces of fabric, buttons or other elements

A simple DIY toy for children

If you don't want to do it difficult work, you can make a very simple but useful toy.

Required materials:

Two pieces of felt
Scissors

Master class:

Draw different shapes on one felt rectangle
Cut out the same shapes from another piece of felt

The educational toy is ready. Ask your child to find a match.

DIY soft toys for children

If you have small pieces of fabric, dispose of them wisely.

For example, sew simple soft toys with your own hands.

A soft big owl can be not only a toy, but also a pillow.

Before handing the finished toy to your child, check again whether all the parts are firmly sewn and there are no elements that could cause injury. Play with your children and develop your child's personality.

Video: DIY sensory balls

The animal world is incredibly diverse and fascinating, yet people know so little about it. Primates are of particular interest; their behavior attracts animal lovers, so many of them want to have a monkey as a pet.

The smallest primate

The pygmy marmoset is the smallest representative of primates. This miniature monkey is funny and playful. Its dimensions are amazingly small: from 10 to 15 cm, and the length of the tail is about 22 cm. The weight of the monkey is no more than 100-150 g. Despite its size, it is a true primate.

The only thing that distinguishes her from her relatives is large sizes, is that her tail is not prehensile, and her hind legs are longer than her front legs. The ears are not visible and are hidden under the fur, and the smart eyes are most often golden or brown framed by light circles. The pygmy marmoset has soft, thick and fluffy fur, which can be of various colors: from light brown to almost black, sometimes with black or white specks. Due to the lush fur and thick undercoat, animals appear larger than they actually are.

Habitat of the smallest primate

This species of monkey lives mainly near the Amazon. They rarely descend to the ground, live mainly in trees, sleep in hollows and are diurnal. The pygmy marmoset monkey is quite shy. Sensing the slightest rustle, animals of this species hide in the branches of trees. Marmosets live in groups, protect members of their family, but do not tolerate strangers in their habitat. Most often, their group consists of 3-4 adult monkeys, 2 teenagers and 2 kids. They make a variety of sounds: chirping, chirping, and squealing when scared.

The pygmy marmoset is an exotic animal. Grooming is an important part of her life. Primates feed mainly on insects, but their diet also includes fruits. They love to eat berries, leaves and small mammals, drink tree sap. Beasts of Prey and birds are dangerous to the lives of marmosets.

Primate puberty

After 2 years of life, puberty begins. The gestation period of females lasts from 130 to 140 days. Twins or triplets are often born. But there are no more than 3 cubs in the litter. For the first few months, little monkeys hang on their mother's belly and suck her milk. After 5 months, the cubs become independent, and are considered adults and mature at 2 years from birth. There are cases when the male cares for the litter no less than the female.

The pygmy marmoset can be a good, mischievous and cheerful pet, but it can be quite difficult to care for. Such monkeys do not survive in conditions too far from their natural habitat, so they require special care and a lot of attention. But it's worth it. If you go out and tame this monkey correctly, it will become cheerful and active and will never mind playing with its owner. Marmosets are very funny. Live in natural environment approximately 18 years, and in captivity - 15 years.

The biggest problem is arranging a home for a monkey. The homeland of marmosets is the jungle Latin America, therefore, living conditions in the cage should be very close to the natural environment. The temperature should be maintained all year round within the range of +25...+28 degrees Celsius. This is very important for the viability of the animal.

You definitely need to put a small house inside the cage where the animal can hide. In addition, there should be enough spacious space inside and a lot of decorative elements, such as branches, sticks, vines, on which the marmoset can climb.

It is better to hang the animal’s house at a distance from the floor. Here the animal will feel safe and calm. It is better to keep primates in pairs, then they will small age They will get used to life in captivity much easier and give birth to offspring. The cage must always be clean, general cleaning should be carried out at least once a month. The animal must have clean water, but in no case cold water, otherwise it will easily get sick. Cold drinks, food and open drafts are dangerous to the health of primates. You should not let a marmoset out of its cage unattended, it can run away, and it will be extremely difficult to find an animal the size of a mouse in the house.

Primate nutrition

Feeding a monkey does not cause much trouble and unnecessary costs if you know simple principles and rules. The monkey should not be given human food. What is tasty for a person can be deadly for a pocket monkey. You need to be careful with sweets. Sugar should not be given at all. Fruits should be in your daily diet. Water should be filtered or settled. Once a week you can treat yourself to unwashed dried fruits - they are healthy and strengthen your gums. You can give compote or juice, but not store-bought, but freshly squeezed. This is a very important clarification, because additives in store-bought juice can be poisonous. small animal. Proteins are also an important part of the diet. Protein intake can be provided in the form of crickets, grasshoppers or chicken.

How much will it cost to buy the smallest primate?

Many people will probably want to become the owner of this cute animal after reading the article. How much does a pygmy marmoset cost and where can I buy such an animal? Today it is not difficult to find offers for the sale of such monkeys. However, you should immediately warn those who are interested in the dwarf marmoset: the price of the animal is quite high. Few people can afford to pay $1200-2000 for a primate - and that’s exactly how much this little monkey costs.

You won't be able to stop smiling when you look at this cute and tiny creature with big almond-shaped eyes. Her name is the pygmy marmoset, and she is the smallest monkey on Earth.

Habitat of the pygmy marmoset

South America - the upper reaches of the Amazon (Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru).

Pygmy marmosets prefer bamboo and reed thickets. They can also be found near temporarily flooded coastal areas. tropical forests and near economic areas.

Appearance of a pygmy marmoset

The pygmy marmoset is the smallest monkey.

The length of adult pygmy marmosets is 20.8-38 cm, most of which is on the tail.

The body color is mainly yellow-brown, the belly is white, and the tail is decorated with black and gray rings.

Unnaturally long and prehensile claws grow on all five of her thumbs. The hind legs are longer than the front ones.

The eyes of these little monkeys are large and almond-shaped. The eye circumference is devoid of fur. The ears are small, hairless, and almost invisible due to the thick and long hair. The fur on the upper part of the body is longer than on the lower part, and the face is completely hidden under it. These babies keep their balance with their long tail.

Food of pygmy marmosets

Little marmosets are not picky eaters; they eat everything from berries and fruits to insects and small birds. Clinging to tree branches and making holes in them, the marmoset drinks the juice. She can remain in this position for hours until she sucks out the liquid. As a rule, more than half of the marmoset’s diet consists of plant juice.

Reproduction of dwarf marmosets

Females have the right to choose their own partner, and it may be more than one male. One pregnancy of a female pygmy marmoset brings 2-3 cubs of 14 g each. After the first time and up to 6 weeks, the babies move on the backs of males. The cubs need to wait another 18 weeks until they reach full maturity, at which age they are able to find their own food and become completely independent.

Behavior and social structure of pygmy marmosets

Pygmy marmosets are very secretive and cowardly monkeys. Sensing a minimal threat, they immediately hide between the leaves of trees. It's worth making a real effort to watch them in the wild.

Dwarf marmosets have an interesting ability - to turn their heads 180 degrees. Marmosets are very nimble and active primates. Despite their tiny size, they are able to jump 5 meters in height and 2 meters in length.

Pygmy marmosets live in small flocks of 2-10 individuals. One pack consists of a dominant pair and their offspring.

The pygmy marmoset is the smallest of the entire order of primates on Earth.

Habitat of the pygmy marmoset

Pygmy marmosets live in South America– the upper reaches of the Amazon (Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru).

These tiny monkeys prefer bamboo and reed thickets, and can also be found near temporarily flooded coastal tropical forests and near economic areas.

Appearance of a pygmy marmoset

The length of adult pygmy marmosets ranges from 20.8 cm to 38 cm, most of which is on the tail.

Their weight is 100-150 grams.

The body color is mainly yellow-brown, the belly is white, and the tail is decorated with black and gray rings.

Unnaturally long and prehensile claws grow on all five of her thumbs. The hind legs are longer than the front ones.

Pygmy marmosets need a long tail to maintain balance.

Nutrition of the pygmy marmoset

Pygmy marmosets are insectivores. In addition, they often feed on bird eggs, honey, and small lizards. Clinging to tree branches and making holes in them, the marmoset drinks the juice. She can remain in this position for hours until she sucks out the liquid. As a rule, more than half of the marmoset’s diet consists of plant juice.

Lifestyle of the pygmy marmoset

This species of monkey lives mainly near the Amazon. They rarely descend to the ground, live mainly in trees, sleep in hollows and are diurnal. The pygmy marmoset monkey is quite shy. Sensing the slightest rustle, animals of this species hide in the branches of trees. Marmosets live in groups, protect members of their family, but do not tolerate strangers in their habitat. Most often, their group consists of three to four adult monkeys, two teenagers and two babies. They make a variety of sounds: chirping, chirping, and squealing when scared.

They move along tree branches on four limbs and can move vertically along trunks thanks to sharp claws on their fingers. When moving, they use vertical branches at a height of up to 20 meters.
Marmosets are very agile and active primates. Capable of making vertical jumps up to 5 m, and in length up to 2 m.

They usually feed at altitudes below 6-15 meters.

They rest, play and engage in social grooming (when one animal cleans the hair of another with its fingers and teeth) at a height of 10-20 meters.

For sleeping, they use hollows in trees that are located no lower than 6-12 meters.
A group walks no more than 100 meters per day, however, single individuals looking for their mate sometimes walk up to 850 meters per day.

During prolonged rains, marmosets eat less and rest more.
A typical daily schedule for a group of pygmy marmosets:

Eating gummi during the first 30-90 minutes after sleep.
A period for warming, grooming and playing, then eating insects.
Second afternoon rest, care, games and afternoon snack.
Plentiful feeding in the evening, return to the place of overnight stay.

Roosting places (hollows) are used many times; there are usually 2-3 trees on the group's site, one of which is used constantly, and the rest - sporadically. The dominant male leads the group to roost for the night.

Cubs, teenagers and half-adult marmosets take part in the games. There are two types of games: single and social. Single-player play includes: acrobatic hanging, jumping and running, as well as simulated chasing and catching insects. Chasing and fighting are the main types social game, in which 2-4 individuals participate. Marmosets usually play during the rest period: late in the morning and early in the afternoon.

Reproduction of the pygmy marmoset

Females have the right to choose their own partner; each female can have more than one male. One pregnancy of a female pygmy marmoset brings 2-3 cubs of 14 grams each. Up to 6 weeks, babies move on the backs of males. Lactation lasts up to 3 months. By the 24th week, the cubs reach the size of adults and become completely independent; it is at this age that they are already able to look for their own food.

Population status of the pygmy marmoset

Lives in nature large number pygmy marmosets, so their species is not protected. However, in addition to the main danger of losing the species of pygmy marmosets, there is the threat of extinction of their habitat.

In nature, there are not only huge primates, but also very tiny ones. These include Marmoset Göldi or geldium callimico (lat. Callimico goeldii) is a species of primate from the marmoset family. The only representative of the genus Callimico. The specific epithet is given in honor of the Swiss naturalist Emil August Göldi (1859-1917). Otherwise they are called marmosets or pocket monkeys. The marmoset is dark or dark brown in color, and the hair on the head and tail is sometimes red, white or silver-brown. An adult weighs on average 300-400 grams. At the same time, the length of its body usually reaches 20-25 cm, the length of the tail is 25-30 cm. Even a very large representative of this breed does not exceed 30 centimeters in height and weighs only up to 400 grams.

Crumbs on the palm

Among these little monkeys there are also very miniature ones, they are called pygmy marmosets. (lat. Cebuella pygmaea) - a species of primate from the marmoset family ( Callitrichidae). It is one of the smallest representatives of the entire order of primates. These monkeys are so small (the length of the head and body is about 15 cm, the length of the tail is 19-20 cm) that for a long time they were thought to be the babies of other marmoset species. The largest of them weighs up to 120 grams. For example, the Swiss Lilliputian marmoset: the growth of this species does not exceed the length thumb adult.

There are quite a few species of marmosets, and three species of related marmosets (sometimes also called marmosets due to their family resemblance) are known. There are three types of marmosets: silver, golden and black-eared. They all differ in appearance, although they have common features- These are large eyes with an oriental slant, giving the muzzle a meaningful expression.
Silver marmoset - the most common of all types. This monkey is no larger in size than an ordinary squirrel. The body together with the head is up to 22 cm long, and the tail is several centimeters longer. Average weight adults - 350 grams. The muzzle and ears are bare, dark red or pink color. The coat is long, silky, soft. The color of these monkeys is even: from silver to dark brown, but the tail is completely black. There are small claws on the paws.

Golden marmoset very close in appearance to silver. She has a yellowish rear region of her body and rings on her tail of the same color. The muzzle is bare, the ears have white tassels.
Black-eared marmoset has short black tufts of hair on its ears. Their ears are really noticeable: fluffy and large. Although, among monkeys nicknamed black-eared, you can sometimes find species with completely snow-white ears. The monkey's body has alternating brown and black stripes. The head is round, with a short muzzle and a wide mouth. Black-eared marmosets can be found near villages or on plantations at the edges of forests.

These small primates, common in South America, live in the upper reaches of the Amazon River (from the western bank of the Purus River to the foot of the Andes), and are also found on the banks of the Putumayo River in Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru. These animals were first discovered in 1823 in Western Brazil. The silver marmoset can be found in tropical and subtropical forests Amazons, as well as this monkey, live in eastern Bolivia and eastern and northeastern Brazil.

Among great apes marmosets (marmosets) are the smallest. It is this fact that captivates many. Marmosets also have other advantages: for example, long tail and a charming face with large expressive and intelligent eyes. It seems that the monkey understands everything that happens around him, just like a person. This is partly true: the intelligence of marmosets is developed.
Although these monkeys are called marmosets or marmosets (even funnier), they look very serious. Of course! After all, no matter how small they may seem, marmosets are relatives of both the huge orangutan and man himself. This probably gives the marmoset’s face a deeply meaningful expression.
Her big eyes with an oriental cut and amusingly curved ears vividly resemble the physiognomy of a fierce Asian warrior. Of course, in miniature. But this impression is also deceptive. Since marmosets are among the tiniest primates on the planet, they can easily become prey even for small predators. Therefore, these little monkeys are very shy and cautious in nature. But if they allow themselves to be tamed, they will become a reliable friend to a person and remain loyal until the end of their lives.

These miniature primates live in dense tree canopies. Thanks to their sharp claws, they perfectly climb trunks and branches, and strong paws allow them to jump in height and length up to 2 meters. At night, marmosets climb into hollow trees, where they spend the night.
These tiny creatures exhibit behavior typical of primates. They live in groups that can even contain four generations at a time. Females give birth twice a year, mostly in pairs of cubs, weighing no more than 15 grams each.
Marmosets live big family, raising cubs as a whole flock. A monkey troop has in common not only children, but also “wives.” But the male takes on most of the troubles of raising and protecting the offspring. He carries the babies on his back, giving them to the females only for feeding.

Marmosets are very sociable; they use chirping, chirping and whistling to “talk” to each other. And sensing danger, these animals begin to scream loudly in warning. Observers counted about 10 signals exchanged between the monkeys.
Unlike many other primates, marmosets do not mark or defend their territory.
The average lifespan of these monkeys in the wild is 10-15 years, but in captivity they can live 5-6 years longer.
When keeping marmosets in captivity, it is necessary to provide them with a constant air temperature in the enclosure from +25°C to +29°C, while the humidity should be at least 60%.

Marmosets are small diurnal animals that find food by climbing trees. They have sharp incisor teeth, with which they can easily extract tree sap - this is their favorite delicacy. These monkeys also eat insects, fruits, leaves and flowers of plants, small birds and their eggs. Although large individuals may well sometimes catch and eat a small vertebrate. Marmosets drink clean water, which is found on the leaves of plants and trees.

The needs of a marmoset do not compare with the needs of an ordinary hamster, which can be locked in a cage, leaving toys and food behind. They are far from the needs of cats and dogs. While our usual pets can be left to their own devices, this will not work with marmosets. They not only require high-quality care - monkeys need constant communication.
Experienced marmoset owners assure you that you can’t buy your pet off with toys alone. Even your favorite delicacies will not brighten up loneliness. If the monkey is not given enough attention, it will begin to get bored. And then she will become completely unhappy, showing it to others with all her appearance. “Experienced” owners advise treating the monkey like a child.

What is the minimum that is vital for any marmoset to live comfortably?
It all starts with a big cage. The monkey, despite its tiny size, can jump 1-2 meters in height and length. This means she needs appropriate housing. The animal's activity should not be suppressed under any circumstances.
To keep these animals as close as possible to real conditions, a few branches are placed in the cage and placed on different heights. Moreover, these branches must be from durable wood, because marmosets constantly gnaw on them.
In countries with warm climates, monkeys are kept outside most of the time. Therefore, two cages are purchased for marmosets: one small one for the home and a larger one for the street. The Russian weather allows you to “walk” animals only in the summer, when the temperature rises above 22-25°C. The rest of the time warm climate must be maintained artificially, because monkeys are thermophilic. Therefore, the cage must have special lamps.
By the way, many owners of marmosets let them out of the cage, and the monkeys run and jump all over the house. Some don’t even have cages, and their pets live like a dog or a cat, unconstrained. Need I say that this is potentially dangerous?! Moreover, both for the marmoset itself (they can chew through the wires and get hurt), and for fragile things that the owner values.
But a well-equipped cell is not everything. The marmoset needs to be provided with toys. Good for children. In particular, experts recommend choosing safe, plastic ones for kids. A new toy will captivate the monkey for a while. True, not for long. Marmosets love to explore everything around them and discover something new. As soon as a new thing (for example, a toy) is properly studied, the monkey loses all interest in it.

Ideally, you should purchase several individuals at once: at least a couple of marmosets. If a monkey lives alone in a cage, you will have to devote a huge amount of time to it, which is not always possible. When marmosets live as a whole family, they feel much better. Monkeys are happy when their needs for communication are fulfilled: be it "communication" with humans or other animals.
The marmoset has the ability to become attached to every member of the family. At least to someone who constantly looks after her and regularly entertains her. Most of the time the monkey is friendly and affectionate. Problems begin as soon as mating season: the pet sometimes shows remarkable aggression. This confuses some people. But there is nothing to be afraid of here, because this is the nature of monkeys. In normal times they will not attack or bite. You can safely have them, even if there are children in the house. You just have to explain to younger family members that animals cannot tolerate disrespectful treatment.

As a child, everyone loves to get a little naughty. Marmosets were no exception either. Babies aged 6 to 14 months can be absolutely unbearable. They scream loudly, make noise, jump and destroy everything around. Of course, this will all depend on the character of the individual. But most little marmosets are indeed very noisy, so you just need to get through this period without taking children's pranks to heart. As the monkey gets older, it will settle down.

The marmoset (marmoset) is on the list of protected species, the movement of which across the border of the Customs Union is limited.
In the Celestial Empire, tiny monkeys are treated with reverence. They are not considered an endangered species. Nevertheless, the general admiration for marmosets is bearing fruit: people are increasingly keeping them as pets. Regardless of the high cost (in Russia the price starts from $1000, abroad it is many times more expensive) or the peculiarities of care. As a result, in some places the number of monkeys is gradually decreasing.

In China, this trend has seriously worried animal rights activists, and therefore it is impossible to buy a marmoset there (at least legally). Currently, illegal trade is thriving there, and wealthy Chinese are happy to buy monkeys, whose cost starts at $3,000.
There is no limit to the outrage of Chinese environmentalists. They compare marmosets to diamond rings: they buy them, keep them for a while, and then discard them.

The owners unanimously assure: you need to think carefully before starting such an adventure. Yes, life with a marmoset is truly a gamble. Monkeys give an incredible amount positive emotions and at the same time require a huge return in the form of your free time and love.

Every life is small world,
But not a toy, not a souvenir.
Remember this, my friend and idol,
And don't throw away the small world!
☞ Aphorisms about animals with pictures

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